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Objective To assess the effectiveness of combining problem-based learning (PBL), team-based learning (TBL), and clinical pathway (CP) in standardized training of periodontology residents. Methods A total of 48 residents who were transferred to the Department of Periodontology at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January to October 2023 were randomly assigned to either the traditional teaching group or the PBL, TBL, and CP combined teaching group, with 24 participants in each group. The traditional teaching group followed conventional teaching methods, while the PBL, TBL, and CP combined teaching group utilized a combination of these three methods. Prior to completing their rotation, both groups underwent professional assessments as well as surveys on satisfaction with standardized training and self-evaluation. Results The professional examination scores ofcombined teaching group were significantly higher than those of the traditional teaching method group (P0.05). However, compared to the traditional teaching group, students in the PBL, TBL, and CP combined teaching group showed significant improvements in doctor-patient communication skills, active information retrieval abilities, learning interest levels, team discussions, and clinical logical thinking abilities (P

With the continuous development of the Internet industry, the function and technology of instant translation software can be continuously improved. This paper takes the machine translation model based on neural networks as the research basis and proposes a translation model suitable for the use of English instant translation software. Through word vector transformation, natural language is transformed into digitized symbols, and the n -gram model is used to improve the fluency of the processing. Using the neural probabilistic language model, the conditional probability of language processing is calculated. Introduce a recurrent neural network and optimize and adjust it based on the original model. Design the model framework for instant translation software for a series of operations, such as language signal processing. The case study revealed the factors that influenced users’ experience of using the software and their expectations of the instant translation software. The results show that the OR estimate of users’ satisfaction is 3.1655, and a one-unit increase in satisfaction will increase the advantage of instant translation software by 3.17 times. The error rate of translation software, as well as the learning cycle, have different degrees of influence on the advantage of the software. The period 2001-2022 was chosen as the study period, and the number of published patents for instant translation software research was examined. The overall trend during the study period showed a gradual increase. The number of patent publications increased by 40.9% to 62 in 2017, compared to the previous year. Instant translation software's future development trend is positive.

Congenital hepatic fibrosis （CHF） complicated with Caroli’s disease is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease with non-specific clinical and imaging manifestations， mainly including portal hypertension and complications， which is likely to be missed and misdiagnosed. In this article， a 32-year-old male patient developed unexplained cirrhosis on physical examination， and he was diagnosed with Caroli’s disease confirmed by histopathological examination of liver puncture and genetic testing. This case suggests the importance of liver puncture for the diagnosis of CHF.

Objective To screen non-invasive indicators for predicting poor response to ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with primary biliary cholangitis（PBC）and establish a logistic regression model. Methods A total of 106 patients with PBC were selected in the modeling group. Clinical data of PBC patients before and after receiving 1 year ursodeoxycholic acid therapy were retrospectively analyzed. According to ParisⅡcriteria， all patients were divided into two groups： poor response group （n = 38） and complete response group （n = 68）. The general condition， laboratory indicators and ultrasound examination results of the patients were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression model before and after treatment. Non-invasive indicators for predicting poor response to ursodeoxycholic acid were screened， and the regression model was established. To validate this model， 47 patients with PBC who visited Ditan Hospital for the first time were selected in the validation group， and were treated with ursodeoxycholic acid for 1 year. Results Univariate analysis showed that in the modeling group， there were significant differences in cholinesterase， alkaline phosphatase， direct bilirubin， γ-glutamyltranspeptidase， globulin， total triglyceride， total cholesterol， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol， erythrocyte sedimentation rate， CD4+T cell count and CD8+T cell count between the poor response and complete response groups before treatment （all P < 0.05）. Multivariate unconditional logistic analysis showed that cholinesterase， alkaline phosphatase and direct bilirubin before treatment were effective predictors of poor response. The regression model was： Y = 0.000339× cholinesterase （U/L） +2.227292× （whether the ALP is lower than 2 times of normalupper limit； 1= yes， 2= no） +0.024151×DBIL （μmol/L）. The sensitivity and specificity of the model for predicting poor response were 88.6% and 84.8%， respectively. In this validation cohort， the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.81（95% CI 0.69-0.94）. Conclusion Cholinesterase， alkaline phosphatase and direct bilirubin before treatment can predict poor response to ursodeoxycholic acid in PBC patients.