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Landslides are the most serious geological disaster in our country, causing economic losses. Because they go undetected, a large number of landslides that have caused disasters are not in the catalogue. At present, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has been widely used in the identification of landslides. However, it is time-consuming, inefficient, etc., to survey landslides throughout our large country. In the context of massive SAR data, this problem is more obvious. Therefore, based on the current technique of using differential interferogram phase gradient stacking to avoid phase unwrapping errors, a landslide phase gradient dataset has been constructed. To validate the dataset's effectiveness and applicability, deep learning methods were introduced, applying the dataset to four networks: U-Net, Attention-Unet, Bisenet v2, and Deeplab v3. The results indicate that the phase gradient dataset performs well across different models, with the Attention-Unet network demonstrating the best performance. Specifically, the precision, recall, and accuracy on the test dataset were 0.8771, 0.8712, and 0.9834, respectively, and the accuracy on the validation dataset was 0.8523. Finally, in this paper, the model is applied to landslide identification in Gansu Province, China, during 2022-2023, and a total of 1882 landslides are found. These landslides are mainly concentrated in the south of Gansu Province, where the terrain is relatively undulating. The results show that this method can quickly and accurately realize landslide automatic identification in a wide area and provide technical support for large-scale landslide disaster surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetation water use efficiency (WUE) is a crucial indicator for elucidating the interconnections between the carbon and water cycles of ecosystems and for discerning the response of vegetation ecosystems to climate change. Gansu Province in northwestern China is facing significant ecological water-related challenges. However, the response of vegetation WUE to climate environmental factors in this region remains unclear. In this study, the MODIS vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) datasets were used to calculate the vegetation WUE in Gansu Province and, combined with meteorological data, Theil–Sen median trend analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation WUE in this region and its response to climate environmental factors. Finally, the random forest model was used to rank the importance of climate environmental factors. The results indicate the following: (1) The average values of vegetation WUE, GPP, and ET in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2020 were 1.46 gC·mm−1·m−2, 510.22 gC·m−2, and 343.68 mm, respectively, and their spatial distribution was high in the southeast and low in the northwest, which was closely related to the distribution of vegetation in the region. (2) Over the past 20 years, the vegetation WUE in this region showed a slowly decreasing trend in general, with a decrease rate of 16.57%. There were significant differences in the WUE of different vegetation types, among which forest WUE was the highest and grassland WUE the lowest. (3) The trend prediction of WUE in Gansu Province was performed by using the rescaled extreme difference method, and the Hurst index was 0.45, which means that the vegetation WUE in this region is expected to increase in the future. (4) In general, precipitation was the main factor influencing the change in vegetation WUE in Gansu Province, followed by vapor pressure deficit (VPD), temperature, and soil moisture. This study provides strategy support for the coupling process of vegetation ecosystems and the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry in Gansu Province and has scientific reference value for promoting and planning the sustainable development of vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temporal and spatial characteristics of ecological risk are important basis for scientific management and control of ecological risk. In the past, the traditional spatio-temporal analysis method of ecological risk change did not fully consider the spatio-temporal correlation. Taking Gansu Province as an example, the ecological risk index (ERI) was calculated based on ecosystem services value (ESV) from 1980 to 2018, and the evolution characteristics of ecological risk were analyzed using Bayesian Spatio-temporal Model (BSTM). The results showed that: (1) ESV decreased first and then increased with 2000 as the boundary, and grassland and cultivated land contributed the most to ESV. (2) The overall trend of ERI was consistent with that of ESV, and the risk increase rate gradually slowed down after 2010. (3) The spatial pattern of ERI was characterized by "high in the south and low in the north, with a transition in the middle". The hot spots were mainly distributed in some regions of Longnan, Longdong and Gannan, while the cold spots were mainly concentrated in Hexi. (4) There were significant regional differences in the local variation trend of ERI. Overall, the trend of ERI increased around Jiayuguan and Lanzhou as the center, and the variation of ERI in Southern and eastern Gansu was stronger than that in Hexi. The hot spots of local variations were mainly distributed in southern and eastern Gansu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the evolution of the spatial pattern of population aging in Gansu Province over the past 30 years, exploring its spatial distribution patterns and regional differences. Methods Data on the elderly population from 14 cities (prefectures) in Gansu Province from 1990 to 2020 were collected. Indicators such as the elderly population coefficient, relative aging degree, and aging speed were selected to evaluate the aging development in Gansu Province. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to examine the characteristics of the evolution of the spatial pattern of population aging at the city level in Gansu. Results The trend of aging in Gansu Province was quite severe, with particularly notable aging development in Jinchang and Baiyin cities. The aging trend in Gansu Province exhibited a gradual development from the southeast to the northwest, with a positive spatial clustering effect of aging observed among various units. High-value and low-value clusters shifted, with the southern region of Gansu being the primary area of high-value clustering, while low-value clusters transitioned from the northern region of Gansu to the southwestern area populated by ethnic minorities. The issue of imbalanced aging development among different regions gradually became prominent. Conclusion The level of aging and the spatial distribution pattern in Gansu Province are strengthening gradually, with significant characteristics of spatial aggregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Tropical Medicine is the property of China Tropical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of different types of obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han and Tibetan residents in Gansu province, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of obesity. Methods Data of 18 114 middle-aged and elderly adults aged 35 to 75 years old with complete body measurement information were analyzed. The data were collected in the baseline survey of "Gansu Province′s Urban and Rural Natural Population Cohort Establishment and Tumor Follow-up Study" of the "Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China" conducted from November 2018 to May 2019. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat index (VFI) were used to assess the prevalence of general obesity, central obesity, body fat obesity, and visceral obesity, respectively. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analyses were used to explore the influencing factors of different types of obesity. Results Among the 18 114 middle-aged and elderly adults enrolled in Gansu Province, there were 16 999 Han (93.8%) and 1 115 Tibetan (6.2%) ones. The prevalence rates of general obesity, central obesity, body fat obesity, and visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han and Tibetan residents were 12.5% and 9.0%, 31.4% and 33.9%, 50.7% and 41.9%, 40.0% and 27.7%, respectively. The prevalence rates of general obesity, body fat obesity, and visceral obesity among Han adults were higher than those among Tibetan residents (all P < 0.05). The results of multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that being female was a risk factor for body fat obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents and for general obesity, central obesity, and body fat obesity among middle-aged and elderly Tibetan residents in Gansu province, but was a protective factor for general obesity, central obesity, visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents and for visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Tibetan residents in Gansu province. Age ≥ 45 years old was a risk factor for general obesity, central obesity, body fat obesity, and visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents and for body fat obesity among middle-aged and elderly Tibetan residents in Gansu province. Primary school education and above was a protective factor for central obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents in Gansu province. Being married was a risk factor for general obesity and visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents in Gansu province. Being a non-farmer was a risk factor for general obesity and central obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents in Gansu province. Per capita annual household income ≥ 4 000 Yuan was a risk factor for visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents in Gansu province. Smoking was a protective factor for general obesity, body fat obesity, and visceral obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han residents in Gansu province. Drinking was a risk factor for central obesity among middle-aged and elderly Tibetan residents in Gansu province. ConclusionThe prevalence rates of general obesity, body fat obesity, and visceral obesity were higher among middle-aged and elderly Han residents than those among middle-aged and elderly Tibetan residents in Gansu province, and gender was a common influencing factor for the four types of obesity among middle-aged and elderly Han and Tibetan residents in Gansu province.

为了推动甘肃省油菜产业高质量发展，从油菜种植面积、油菜籽产量、油菜生产机械化程度、主栽品种类型和主推技术等方面分析了甘肃省油菜生产现状，分析了甘肃省油菜生产中存在的问题，并提出了对策。甘肃省油菜生产存在油菜品种搭配不合理，机械化生产技术与装备落后，绿色生产技术研发、应用不够和油料加工业发展滞后等突出问题。为此，提出了加强政策扶持，引导和推动规模种植，加强适宜机械化收获品种的选育，加快研制和筛选油菜机械化装备，发展产业基础性研究，以及培育加工龙头企业等建议。In order to promote the high-quality development of rapeseed industry in Gansu Province, the status of rapeseed production in Gansu Province was analyzed from the aspects of rapeseed planting area, rapeseed yield, mechanization degree of rapeseed production, main varieties and main promotion technology. The problems in rapeseed production in Gansu Province were analyzed, and the countermeasures were put forward. There were some outstanding problems in rapeseed production in Gansu Province, such as unreasonable collocation of rapeseed varieties, backward mechanized production technology and equipment, insufficient research and application of green production technology, and lagging development of oilseed processing industry. Therefore, some suggestions were put forward, such as strengthening policy support, guiding and promoting large-scale planting, strengthening the breeding of varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting, accelerating the development and screening of mechanized equipment for rapeseed, developing basic research of industry, and cultivating leading enterprises in processing.

Gansu Province is located in an ecologically fragile area, with complex climate conditions, high probability and wide range of drought. In order to better study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of drought in Gansu Province, it was divided into four cli- mate zones according to the climate type and geographical characteristics and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration indices (SPEI- 3 and SPEI-12) at quarterly and annual scales for the next 76 years (2024-2099) were calculated. Under the four scenarios of SSP126, SSP245, SSP370 and SSP585, Mann Kendall mutation test, spatial interpolation and other methods were used to estimate the temperature, precipitation, and drought evolution status of Gansu Province in the future 80 in the CMIP6 climate model. The main conclusion is as follows: In the CMIP6 model, the temperature and precipitation in different regions of Gansu Province in the future from 2024 to 2099 show an upward trend over time under different scenarios and the climate tendency rate of temperature and precipitation under different scenarios is from small to large as SSP126, SSP245, SSP370 and SSP585. Under the SSP126, SSP245, SSP370 and SSP585 scenarios in the CMIP6 model, Gansu Province will show the development trend of drought in spring, summer and autumn in the coming 2024 to 2099. The mutation years from humid to arid are concentrated between 2040 and 2060. In winter, there is a trend of wetting, with a sudden change from drought to humidification in the SSP121 scenario occurring in 2033, and other scenarios occurring between 2040 and 2060. The frequency of different types of drought is different between different scenarios. Light drought and extreme drought have the highest frequency under the SSP370 scenario, moderate drought has the highest frequency under the SSP245 scenario, and severe drought has the highest frequency under the SSP585 scenario. The frequency of different levels of drought in different climatic regions of Gansu Province under different climatic scenarios is from large to small of light drought, moderate drought, severe drought and extreme drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the water scarcity situation of inland river basin, Yellow River Basin and Yangtze River Basin in Gansu Province, the comprehensive scoring method and entropy weight TOPSIS model were used to quantitatively analyze the water scarcity degree of the three major river basins during 2011-2022. The results show that the comprehensive score of water resources shortage degree of the three major river basins is between 12.42 and 29.41 and all of them belong to water-scarce basins. The water shortage degree from high to low is the inland river basin, the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin. The degree of water resources shortage in Gansu Province is increasing in general, showing that water resources are increasingly scarce. Cultivated land rate, irrigation rate, industrial value module, water resources utilization rate and current water shortage rate are the main factors influencing the evaluation results. It is suggested that Gansu Province should improve the construction of water conservancy infrastructure, adjust the industrial structure and strengthen the building of water- saving society to alleviate the shortage of water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the construction of a cultural industry evaluation index system, this study employs the entropy method to assess the developmental status of the cultural industry across 14 cities (prefectures) in Gansu Province. Additionally, spatial correlation analysis of cultural industry development levels is conducted using a spatial autocorrelation model. Findings from the research spanning 2015 to 2020 indicate a consistent upward trend in the development of the cultural industry in Gansu Province. However, despite this positive trajectory, the province lags behind other regions in Northwest China in terms of cultural development. Moran's I analysis reveals a significant spatial correlation among the development levels of cultural industries across different regions of Gansu Province. Analysis of Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) maps further highlights substantial disparities in cultural industry development among different areas of the province, indicating both positive and negative spatial impacts based on the level of cultural industry development. To address these disparities and leverage the cultural development, Gansu Province should adopt a developmental model that integrates tourism and culture, bolsters talent recruitment efforts, enhances cultural innovation capabilities, fosters cultural exchanges with other regions, and ultimately elevates the overall level of cultural industry development within the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shijia Yucun site is a northwestern settlement from the Zhou period (1046–221 BCE). Faience beads used as a personal ornament and coffin decoration are notable among plenty of funerary objects. Thirteen faience objects are determined using analytical electron probe micro‐analysis (EPMA) and scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). The information on their provenance indicates that the types of faience beads around bodies include the mixed‐alkali faience from Europe or the Eurasian Steppe, the soda‐enriched faience from West Asia, and the local products rich in potash. However, faience samples adorning coffins are all local products, and the quality is rougher compared to the faience decorating the body. This unique feature is hardly found in other tombs of Zhou elites. As faience was a precious personal ornament in other stronger polities, it was already available as a general coffin decoration in such a small‐economy feudal state, so faience samples decorating coffins were not likely to be precious gifts from other elites. It is reasonable to assume that faience beads adorning coffins might have been made near the ruins. This investigation is significant to reveal the cultural exchange in the western frontier of the Zhou realm that dates back to the power decline of the Western Zhou period and highlight a possible high‐potash faience production area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human activities have caused different degrees of land-use change on different topographic gradients, with impacts on the landscape and ecosystem. Effectively preventing and addressing ecological risk (ER) and achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature are important aspects of sustainable development. In this study, we used Gansu Province as an example, adopted five periods of land-use data in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020, and used the geoinformatic Tupu method and the terrain distribution index to study land-use changes under different topographic gradients, and then constructed the landscape ecological risk assessment (LERA) model based on the landscape pattern index to analyze landscape ecological risk (LER) spatiotemporal changes under different topographic gradients, and finally explored the LER driving factors using the geodetector model. The results showed that (1) the dominant land-use types were unused land and grassland, accounting for approximately 74% of the land. The situation of transferring and changing each type was more drastic. The distribution and changes in cropland and built-up land were easily found in low topographic gradient areas with low elevations and small slopes; the distribution and changes in woodland, grassland and water areas were easily found in high topographic gradient areas with high elevations and large slopes. (2) The landscape ecological risk index (LERI) was 0.018, 0.019, 0.019, 0.019 and 0.020, respectively, with spatial expressions of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Low LER was concentrated in high topographic gradient ecological reserves; high LER was concentrated in low topographic gradient human interference areas and high topographic gradient natural environmental complex areas. (3) Natural factors mainly acted on the LER on moderate and high topographic position gradients; socioeconomic factors mainly acted on the LER on low topographic position gradients. Human interference interacted with natural factors more than human interference alone on LER. This study can provide a scientific basis for ensuring ecological security and sustainable development in areas with complex topography and geomorphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The water resource carrying capacity, as a pivotal component of the overall regional natural resource carrying capacity, plays a fundamental role in determining the feasibility of achieving harmonious coexistence among population, economy, and environment in regions with limited water resources. It holds paramount significance for regional development.“Based on the theoretical framework of the four subsystems, namely water resources, society, economy, and ecology, this article employs the entropy weight method and CRITIC method to calculate individual weights. The combined weights are then determined using game theory. Subsequently, an improved TOPSIS model based on grey relational analysis is applied to comprehensively evaluate the water resources carrying capacity in Gansu Province from 2009 to 2022. The main obstacles impacting water resources carrying capacity are diagnosed using an obstacle degree model. Finally, a time series model is utilized to predict future trends in water resources carrying capacity from 2023 to 2030. The findings suggest that (1)over the study period, Gansu Province exhibited an upward trend in its overall water resource carrying capacity, with a value of 0.55 (weakly bearable) in 2022, representing a significant 20% increase compared to the baseline year of 2009. (2) In terms of regional changes, before 2015, the water resources carrying capacity of Wuwei, Linxia, Dingxi, and other places were in a weakly bearable carrying range [ 0.5,0.6), while other cities and prefectures were in a critical carrying state [ 0.4,0.5). After 2015, the carrying state of most cities and prefectures has improved, especially in Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, Wuwei, and other places, which may be related to the local government’s efforts to increase water resources management and water-saving measures. (3) The key factors influencing the carrying capacity of water resources in Gansu Province include ecological water consumption, industrial wastewater emissions of chemical oxygen demand (COD), urban sewage treatment capacity, effective irrigation area in agricultural land, overall water consumption rate, and per capita daily water consumption in urban areas. To promote sustainable utilization of water resources, it is crucial to strengthen the management and regulation of these major hindering factors. (4) The future carrying capacity of water resources in various cities and states is expected to witness significant improvement. By 2030, it is anticipated that the carrying capacity of all provinces within Gansu Province will reach a bearable state [0.6,1], thereby progressing towards an overall green and sustainable trajectory.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, China's "Northwest Highway" was a major conduit for Soviet equipment to support the war effort against Japan. This article investigates the building and operation of the portion of this new motor route in Gansu province. While the Northwest Highway was a remarkable achievement in long-distance motorized logistics—and later became a lever for Nationalist state-building in the region—it came at a heavy cost in energy and labor and negatively impacted state–society relations. This article uncovers the multiple layers of energy inputs involved in the construction and operation of the highway, from organic human and animal power to the colossal fossil fuel demands of truck transportation. Many of these costs were imposed on civilian society in Gansu through corvée labor and requisitioning. To compound these burdens, this article argues, the Northwest Highway brought few positive spillover effects because of restrictions on civilian road use and the limitations of Gansu's wider transportation infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geological environment in the Gansu Province is complex. Affected by extreme weather, earthquakes and human engineering activities, geological disasters occur frequently in the Gansu Province, and the situation of disaster prevention and reduction is grim. In order to further investigate the current development characteristics of geological disasters in Gansu Province, based on the analysis of the latest data of 1∶ 50 000 geological disaster risk survey in Gansu Province, the characteristics of geological disasters in the whole province were analyzed, and the spatial and temporal distribution rules and characteristics of geological disasters were summarized. The results show these as follows. The geological disasters in Gansu Province are mainly collapse, landslide and debris flow, the scale are mostly small and medium-sized. In terms of spatial distribution, the geological disasters are mainly distributed in 9 cities in the central and southeast of the Gansu province, belonging to the Yellow River basin and Loess Plateau, the Bailong River basin and the Longnan Mountains areas. In terms of time distribution, the main flood season from May to September is the peak period for geological disasters, with late July to early August being the most severe. Geological disasters had the characteristics of mass disaster, hidden disaster and chain disaster. The research results can provide certain technical basis and reference for regional geological disaster prevention and emergency management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The knowledge graph based on research papers can accurately identify and present the latest developments in scientific and technological (S&T) innovation and is of great significance for supporting strategic decision-making relating to S&T innovation in undeveloped areas. Based on the international research papers produced in Gansu Province during the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016–2020), five metrics, including the number and characteristics of papers, co-authors, main publications and their fields, major supporting institutions, and main research areas, are established herein. The results indicate that: (i) the total of 29,951 papers were published, which is about 2.89 times that in 2010–2015; (ii) Gansu Province collaborated with 149 countries/regions globally; (iii) the top 5 journals in terms of the number of papers were Medicine, Scientific Reports, RSC Advances, Science of the Total Environment, and Physical Reviews D; (iv) the funding sources were mainly from the national level; and (5) the top 5 research areas were chemistry, engineering, physics, material science, environmental science, and ecology, which accounted for 64.7% of all papers. Finally, the present study puts forward some recommendations for the decision-making process in the strategic layout of S&T innovation in Gansu Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】By analyzing the total amount of carbon emissions from agriculture in Gansu Province during 2000 to 2020 and its development and evolution characteristics,and the decoupling effect as a reference for the development of green and low-carbon agriculture in Gansu Province.【Methods】The agricultural carbon emissions in Gansu Province between 2000 to 2020 were measured based on the IPCC carbon emission coefficient method using agricultural inputs as the carbon source,and using the grey prediction model GM（1,1）,the agricultural carbon emissions of different years were selected as samples to predict the agricultural carbon emissions in Gansu Province from 2025 to 2030,and the prediction results were compared and analyzed. The Tapio decoupling model was used to study and analyse the relationship between agricultural carbon emissions and economic development.【Results】Agricultural carbon emissions in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2020 show a trend of increasing and then decreasing.The source of carbon emissions were mainly chemical fertilizers and agricultural films,chemical fertilizer carbon emissions accounted for 31.27% to 43.22% of agricultural carbon emissions,always at the highest level during the 20-year period;agricultural carbon emissions reached a maximum of 2.825 138 million tons in 2015. After 2015,it began to decline gradually,and the agricultural carbon emissions in 2020 were 2.288 601 million tons. The decoupling relationship of agricultural carbon emissions from 2000 to 2020 mostly showed strong decoupling or weak decoupling. Using the data of the last 10 years and the data of the last 5 years as the samples to predict the agricultural carbon emissions as a whole all showed a clear downward trend.The model′s prediction accuracy was the highest when using the data of the last 5 years as the sample for prediction. The agricultural carbon emissions in Gansu Province have reached the peak before 2025,agricultural carbon emissions projected for a sample of the last 5 years of data will be 17.08% lower in 2025 compared to 2020,the rate of reduction will reach 30.36% in 2030,and the average annual reduction rate will be 0.139 million tons.【Conclusion】Gansu Province′s agricultural carbon emissions continue to decline,the agricultural economy shows stable growth,and agricultural carbon emissions will peak before 2025,indicating that Gansu Province has made some progress in green low-carbon agriculture in recent years. Measures should be taken according to the actual local situation in order to achieve the goal of continuously promoting the development of green agriculture,reducing high-carbon emission activities,increasing agricultural carbon sinks,and realizing agricultural carbon emission reduction in Gansu Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The distribution of common subtypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Gansu province were analyzed. This information provided a theoretical basis for the selection of appropriate antiviral treatment regimens. Methodology: We collected data on HCV antibody screening tests from 421,802 outpatients and inpatients at the Second Clinical Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2018 to June 2022. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral load, HCV genotypes, and HCV quantification were analyzed retrospectively. The results of HCV positive detection rate, copy number, and genotype distribution were statistically analysed using SPSS 26.0. Results: A total of 421,802 HCV antibody screenings were performed resulting in 4,558 positive cases (1.081%). In addition, 2,345 cases (1.302%) were positive with quantitative HCV antibodies in 180,157 outpatients and inpatients. Quantitative HCV virus RNA was further measured in 2592 outpatients and inpatients. There were 825 positive cases for HCV, with a positivity rate of 31.83%. High-sensitivity quantification of HCV-RNA was performed in 6538 patients, among which 1336 were HCV-RNA positive infections (positivity rate of 20.43%). Among the 1484 genotype tests, 4 genotypes and 10 subtypes were detected, including 4a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 6a, 6n, 1b/2a, and 2a/6a, with the majority of results from 2a (51.89%) and 1b (42.72%). Conclusions: The most prevalent genetic subtype in HCV-positive patients in Gansu was 2a, followed by 1b. In addition, 8 genotype subtypes appeared: 1a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 6a, 6n, 1b/2a and 2a/6a. Understanding the distribution of HCV genes in Gansu province is of significance for the optimization of virus treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quantitative analysis of ground-based observations of atmospheric aerosols is a basic way to understand the optical properties of aerosols and the characteristics of atmospheric pollution， which can provide a certain basis for exploring the direction of pollution control.In recent years， there are few studies on the analysis of aerosol optical properties in different regions of Gansu Province using ground-based observations.In order to understand the atmospheric aerosol optical characteristics of different land surfaces in Gansu Province， we obtained the aerosol optical depth （AOD） of four stations in Gansu Province through ASTPwin software based on CE-318 solar photometer observations from April 2018 to September 2020 and calculated the Angstrom wavelength index α.The distribution and variation characteristics of AOD and α in different regions of Gansu Province in different seasons and the relationship between aerosol optical depth and wavelength index were analyzed.The results show that： （1） the changes of AOD in each wavelength band tend to be consistent in all stations during the observation period， and the AOD value decreases with increasing wavelength.The AOD values of Lanzhou and Gaolan Mountain were the highest in winter， followed by spring and autumn， and the lowest in summer.The winter and spring AOD values of Lanzhou exceeded the annual average by 14.98% and 4.68%， respectively， and the winter AOD value of Gaolan Mountain exceeded the annual average by 3.88%.Dunhuang and Minqin both had the highest AOD values in spring， which were 24.49% and 26.30% higher than their respective annual averages.The seasonal distribution of AOD in Dunhuang was： spring > summer > winter > autumn， while Minqin showed a trend of gradually smaller values from spring to winter.（2） The dominant particles in Lanzhou and Gaolan Mountain are coarse modal in spring and summer， while fine particles dominate in autumn and winter.Dunhuang and Minqin atmospheric aerosols are dominated by coarse modal particles all year round.In the winter of 2019， the AOD value of Lanzhou was 68.0% higher than that of Gaolan Mountain； Dunhuang and Minqin had more serious sand and dust aerosol pollution in spring 2019， and the AOD value of Dunhuang exceeded that of Minqin by 42.42%.（3） The frequency distribution of AOD and α at all sites showed a single-peaked curve， with variability in the range of high-frequency distribution of AOD in different seasons， but they were all below 1.0.The distribution of high-frequency range of α was more complex， with the range of α distribution less than 1.0 in spring in Lanzhou， spring and summer in Gaolan Mountain， four seasons in Dunhuang， and spring， summer and autumn in Minqin， while α in summer， autumn and winter in Lanzhou， autumn and winter in Gaolan Mountain， and winter in Minqin was mainly distributed at 1.1 or above.（4） The relationship between AOD and α differs in different seasons， which shows that the size of the dominant particles of aerosol differs in different seasons when the atmosphere is seriously or locally polluted.In spring when the atmosphere is in local or serious pollution and in summer when the atmosphere is in local pollution， the aerosols at the four stations are mainly large particle size， with the contribution of sand and dust aerosols being larger.In summer when the atmosphere is in serious pollution， Gaolan Mountain aerosol is mainly fine mode particles， Lanzhou， Dunhuang and Minqin aerosol is still controlled by coarse mode， but the proportion of pollution caused by small particle size in Lanzhou is higher than the remaining two stations， of which more than 85% belongs to urban industrial - aerosol pollution.In autumn， when the atmosphere is in serious pollution， Lanzhou and Gaolan Mountain are both dominated by fine modal particles， of which urban industrial-aerosols account for a significant increase， while Dunhuang and Minqin are still dominated by coarse modal particles， of which dust aerosols account for a large proportion.In winter， Lanzhou is still dominated by fine modal particles， while the other three stations are dominated by coarse modal particles.In winter， Dunhuang and Minqin are dominated by coarse and fine modal particles， while Gaolan Mountain is dominated by fine modal particles when the atmosphere is locally polluted.The analysis shows that， in general， aerosol pollution in the northern part of Gansu is dominated by sand and dust aerosols， while aerosol pollution in the southern part of Gansu shows alternating coarse-mode and fine-mode particles， which provides some references for the next study of aerosol properties and atmospheric pollution characteristics in different regions of Gansu by combining satellite remote sensing data.

Landslides are the most serious geological disaster in our country, causing economic losses. Because they go undetected, a large number of landslides that have caused disasters are not in the catalogue. At present, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has been widely used in the identification of landslides. However, it is time-consuming, inefficient, etc., to survey landslides throughout our large country. In the context of massive SAR data, this problem is more obvious. Therefore, based on the current technique of using differential interferogram phase gradient stacking to avoid phase unwrapping errors, a landslide phase gradient dataset has been constructed. To validate the dataset’s effectiveness and applicability, deep learning methods were introduced, applying the dataset to four networks: U-Net, Attention-Unet, Bisenet v2, and Deeplab v3. The results indicate that the phase gradient dataset performs well across different models, with the Attention-Unet network demonstrating the best performance. Specifically, the precision, recall, and accuracy on the test dataset were 0.8771, 0.8712, and 0.9834, respectively, and the accuracy on the validation dataset was 0.8523. Finally, in this paper, the model is applied to landslide identification in Gansu Province, China, during 2022-2023, and a total of 1882 landslides are found. These landslides are mainly concentrated in the south of Gansu Province, where the terrain is relatively undulating. The results show that this method can quickly and accurately realize landslide automatic identification in a wide area and provide technical support for large-scale landslide disaster surveys.

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In order to roughly understand the geological conditions and mineral resource characteristics of the Beishan and Shuanggoushan areas, two 1:50 000 mineral prospective surveys were carried out in Subei County, Gansu Province. After 4 years of work, the stratigraphy in the study area was detailed and redivided, and the magmatic evolution sequence and tectonic framework were established. For the first time, ultrabasic rocks were discovered in the acidic rocks of the northern Ma'anshan, and the formation age of the diorite porphyry north of the Sidingheishan - Shuang- goushan fault was determined to be Early Devonian, and the formation age of the plagioclase biotite quartz schist south of the Ganheliang was determined to be Neoproterozoic - Paleoproterozoic; 2 new mineral deposits, 7 mineral points, and 8 mineralized points were discovered, among which the Shuanggoushan copper - nickel deposit is a new break- through in the northern zone of the Eastern Tianshan copper - nickel mineralization zone in Gansu Province. Through comprehensive research, 6 prospective areas and 10 prospecting targets were delineated in the study area, which provides direction for future prospecting work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College is the property of Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human activities have caused different degrees of land-use change on different topographic gradients, with impacts on the landscape and ecosystem. Effectively preventing and addressing ecological risk (ER) and achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature are important aspects of sustainable development. In this study, we used Gansu Province as an example, adopted five periods of land-use data in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020, and used the geoinformatic Tupu method and the terrain distribution index to study land-use changes under different topographic gradients, and then constructed the landscape ecological risk assessment (LERA) model based on the landscape pattern index to analyze landscape ecological risk (LER) spatiotemporal changes under different topographic gradients, and finally explored the LER driving factors using the geodetector model. The results showed that (1) the dominant land-use types were unused land and grassland, accounting for approximately 74% of the land. The situation of transferring and changing each type was more drastic. The distribution and changes in cropland and built-up land were easily found in low topographic gradient areas with low elevations and small slopes; the distribution and changes in woodland, grassland and water areas were easily found in high topographic gradient areas with high elevations and large slopes. (2) The landscape ecological risk index (LERI) was 0.018, 0.019, 0.019, 0.019 and 0.020, respectively, with spatial expressions of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Low LER was concentrated in high topographic gradient ecological reserves; high LER was concentrated in low topographic gradient human interference areas and high topographic gradient natural environmental complex areas. (3) Natural factors mainly acted on the LER on moderate and high topographic position gradients; socioeconomic factors mainly acted on the LER on low topographic position gradients. Human interference interacted with natural factors more than human interference alone on LER. This study can provide a scientific basis for ensuring ecological security and sustainable development in areas with complex topography and geomorphology.

Based on hourly precipitation data of 68 meteorological stations in Gansu Province from 1990 to 2019， the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and long-term trend of hourly extreme precipitation during main flood season （May-August） in Gansu Province were analyzed by using percentile threshold method from the characteristics of extreme hourly precipitation indices which decided by precipitation， frequency and intensity.It provided effective reference values for further understanding the occurrence regularity of extreme precipitation events in different climatic regions from arid to humid.The results showed that， （1） the extreme hourly precipitation indices decreased from southeast to northwest in Gansu Province.The occurrence of extreme hourly precipitation indices in southwest and southeast of Gansu accounted for a relatively high proportion， and it is the least in Hexi region of Gansu.（2） Extreme hourly precipitation reached its peak in August in southwest and southeast of Gansu， and in July in Hexi and central region of Gansu.The extreme hourly precipitation frequency was the highest in August in Hexi region and southeast of Gansu， and the highest in July in central region and southwest of Gansu.The extreme hourly precipitation intensity was the highest in August in the central region and southwest of Gansu， while the extreme hourly precipitation intensity was the highest in July in Hexi region and southeast Gansu.（3） The climatic trend rates of extreme hourly precipitation， frequency and intensity in Gansu were 6.32 mm·（10a）-1， 0.49 times·（10a）-1 and 0.14 mm·h-1·（10a）-1， respectively， and the increasing trend of precipitation and frequency in Hexi region and southeast of Gansu showed extremely significance.（4） The diurnal variation of extreme hourly precipitation indices in each region showed a single-peak pattern， and the peak value mainly appeared in the afternoon to early midnight.The climatic trend rates of extreme hourly precipitation indices increased in Hexi region and southwest of Gansu in most of the period.From noon to early midnight， the climatic trend rates of extreme hourly precipitation indices weakened in central region and increased in southeast region of Gansu Province.

Objective To investigate the resource allocation status of blood testing laboratories in 14 blood stations in Gansu Province, explore the impact of differences in basic conditions on the comprehensive testing ability of laboratories, so as to promote the homogenization and standardization of blood screening capacity in blood stations in Gansu and improve blood safety and effectivenes. Methods An evaluation index system of laboratory resource allocation was constructed and a question-naire was designed. The data of human resources, infrastructure and key equipment of 14 blood stations were collected. The entropy weight -TOPSIS method was used to evaluate and rank the resource allocation of 14 blood stations. Results In the comprehensive evaluation of blood testing laboratory resource allocation in 14 blood stations in Gansu, the top three were laboratories A, B and I, and the last three were laboratories G, M and J. On the whole, the main issue was unreasonable structure of human resources: most laboratories had unreasonable age structure; except for Laboratory A, there was no personnel with bachelor's degree or above in laboratories; most laboratories had not established a team with intermediate professional titles. In terms of infrastructure, the size of seven laboratories could not meet the needs of modern laboratory testing, and all eight blood stations had no spare nucleic acid laboratories nor a mutual spare laboratory with other blood stations As for the key equipment, 5 laboratories had no automatic blood grouping diagnostic instrument, 5 laboratories only had one set of enzyme immunoassay detection system, 3 laboratories had no spare equipment for the key equipment, which means if the equipment failure could not be repaired in time, the release of results would be affected. Conclusion There were significant differences in human resources, infrastructure and key equipment of blood testing laboratories in 14 blood stations in Gansu, which had a great impact on laboratory testing capacity and subsequent development. It is suggested that governments at all levels and health administrative departments optimize the input of laboratory resource allocation according to the blood collection volume of blood stations to gradually narrow the differences in resource distribution between different regions, improve the degree of laboratory automation and optimize the personnel structure, so as to build high-quality and efficient blood testing laboratories and ensure the safety of clinical blood use.

Abstract Grottoes are a comprehensive art treasure trove that integrate architecture, sculpture, and murals. They showcase the historical spiritual civilization of humanity and provide a solid foundation for studying the dissemination and development of Buddhist culture. Gansu Province is an important node on the transmission route of Buddhist culture, constituting a relatively complete and rich history of Buddhist art and cultural history. This article uses GIS technology to systematically analyse the spatial distribution characteristics and spatiotemporal evolution patterns of grottoes in Gansu Province from the Wei Jin to the Ming and Qing dynasties and explores the main factors affecting their distribution. The results indicate the following: (1) the grottoes in Gansu Province exhibit clustering and uneven distribution characteristics, which form the core aggregation area of Qingyang Tianshui City and the secondary aggregation area of Wuwei and Zhangye City. (2) Spatiotemporal characteristics show significant changes in the number and focus of excavation and repair of grottoes in Gansu Province over the years. The Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Ming and Qing Dynasties had more grottoes than the Wei, Jin, and Yuan Dynasties. The overall centre of gravity shifted from northwest to southeast. Natural factors such as topography, stratigraphy, and hydrology and cultural factors such as politics and transportation significantly impacted the spatial pattern of grotto heritage in Gansu Province. Exploring and studying the spatial layout of grotto heritage from the perspective of historical geography is beneficial for understanding the cultural development and historical changes in Buddhism and is of great significance for the development of landscape environmental protection and utilization of grotto heritage.

Despite broad research on water scarcity from various perspectives, there is a lack of the spatiotemporal scale effect of water scarcity assessment. Here, based on multi-source data and mathematical models, we aim to assess water scarcity degree at different spatiotemporal scales in Gansu Province, China. The results indicate that Gansu Province had a moderate water scarcity, and the extent of water scarcity within the same recurrence period shows significant spatial differences. From 1960 to 2020, counties within the same city had a higher probability of facing the same degree of water scarcity, while counties in different cities had a relatively random probability of facing the same degree of water scarcity. There is a significant positive correlation between the year and the population or land area facing different extents of water scarcity. The proportion of the population and area facing water scarcity was generally smaller at the city-scale than at the county-scale during the same recurrence period. It can be concluded that the scale effect assessment is helpful to uncover the differences of water scarcity facing county, city and province, and thus conducive to accurate water resources planning and management.

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Accurate and continuous meteorological observation data are necessary in researches of weather forecast and climate prediction， also homogeneity long-series data are necessary in climate change researches.In order to make knowledge of the continuity of the observation data at new and old stations and investigate the potential impact on the long-term data from the change of site location， two indexes of the difference and the standard deviation （SD） of the difference were calculated based on 1a comparative observation records from 15 relocated meteorological sites in Gansu Province to investigate the impact of station relocation on the observation of meteorological elements.The SNHT method was used to test the homogenization of the old and new observations from 2 sites， Zhangye station and Ningxian station， as well as the impact of station relocation on long-series data.The first one has the longest distance change between old and new locations， and the second one has the biggest altitude change.According to the results from the difference and the SD of the difference， the air temperature at new stations is lower than the old ones， and the wind speed is higher at the new sites， and the relative humidity at new stations is generally higher than the old sites.Also， the impact from station relocation on the mean air temperature and the minimum temperature is greater than that on the maximum temperature.those sites with the biggest difference in the mean air temperature and the minimum temperature among all the 15 sites got the relatively longest migrating distance and greatest altitude change.The relationship between two indexes， the absolute difference and the standard deviation of the difference， and the distance and altitude difference of the sites relocated indicated that there is bigger influence from the altitude change on the maximum temperature and average wind speed.while the migration distance produced a bigger influence on the average temperature， minimum temperature and relative humidity.According to the homogeneity test results from selected stations， the big straight-line distance （altitude） change during the relocation will have an impact on the homogeneity of the temperature data.But whether there existed a threshold for this impact or there are some other which will enforce this impact needed to be further researched.It is expected that the possible impact from station relocation on the observations could be paid attention when scientific researchers and business personnel use the meteorological data.

[Objective] Promoting farmland transfer contract extension of transfer-out households is the fundamental premise of for strengthening and stabilizing the farmland rights, developing moderate & scale management, and establishing a strong agricultural country. Under the new employment form, the stability of non-agricultural employment of transfer-out households is severely challenged, which further affects whether they will continue to sign farmland transfer contracts. However, previous research has not revealed the causal effect and transmission mechanism between the stability of rural non-agricultural employment and the contract extension of farmland transfer-out households. [Methods] Based on the data of 516 farmland transfer-out households in Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces, this study measured the stability of non-agricultural employment from non-agricultural employment time, non-agricultural income proportion, and non-agricultural employment satisfaction, and employed the IV-Heckman model and mediation effect analysis to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of the stability of rural non-agricultural employment on the contract extension of farmland transfer-out households. [Results] (1) The average non-agricultural employment stability of farmland transfer-out households was 3.016, 58.72% of the transfer-out households were willing to extend farmland transfer contracts, and the average extension period was 3.752 years. (2) After overcoming the measurement error and the endogeneity issues caused by the reverse causality of non-agricultural employment stability, as well as the sample selection issue caused by farmland transfer-out households’ willingness to extend contracts, non-agricultural employment stability had a positive effect on transfer-out households’ extension willingness and extension period. The empirical results are robust. (3) Mechanism analysis showed that non-agricultural employment stability affects both extension willingness and extension period through the population adsorption effect and livelihood risk perception, and only affects extension willingness through the farmland transfer-out earnings expectation. [Conclusion] This article put forward some policy recommendations, including strengthening the ability of enterprises to create non-agricultural jobs, improving the skills of non-agricultural employment of farmland transfer-out households, enhancing the supply of basic public services in non-agricultural employment cities, and strengthening the management of the whole chain of farmland transfer contract extension.

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Fossil wood is a significant proxy for terrestrial palaeoclimate and palaeogeography. Abundant and diversified Mesozoic fossil wood has been documented in China. However, there are limited reports of Jurassic fossil wood records from northwest China. Herein, several calcified wood fossils are described in anatomical detail, from the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian to Callovian) Xinhe Formation in Gansu Province. They were identified as two species of the fossil wood genus Xenoxylon Gothan of Coniferales, namely X. latiporosum (Cramer) Gothan and X. peidense Zheng et Zhang. The newly collected material represents the first record of Jurassic petrified wood from Gansu Province. Based on the palaeoclimatic implication of Xenoxylon, we propose that the Baojishan Basin may have experienced a distinct short-term cooling during the Middle Jurassic. We analysed the fossil diversity and spatial-temporal distribution of Xenoxylon species in China. A total of 15 Xenoxylon species have been documented in China. These occurred from the Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous, but flourished from the Jurassic to Cretaceous intervals. Geographically, they are distributed across 13 provinces, mainly in northeast China. Significantly, this record expands the distribution of this important climate indicator taxon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The accurate determination of aerosol optical depth (AOD) is of great importance for climate change research and environmental monitoring. To understand the applicability of the MODIS aerosol product inversion algorithm in Gansu Province, this work uses ground-based solar photometer AOD observation data to validate the MODIS C6 version of the AOD product. Additionally, the retrieval accuracy of MODIS C6 Deep Blue (DB) algorithm AOD products and Deep Blue and Dark Target Fusion (DB–DT combined) algorithm AOD products for Gansu Province when setting different spatial sampling windows is compared and analyzed. Meanwhile, the monitoring effects of these two AOD algorithms in typical polluted atmospheric conditions in Gansu Province are compared. The results show that (1) the correlation between the MODIS AOD products of the two algorithms and the ground-based observation data decreases with an increasing spatial sampling window size. When the spatial sampling window of the two algorithms is set at 30 km × 30 km, it is more representative of the AOD value in Gansu Province, thus reflecting local characteristics. (2) When the spatial sampling window is set at 30 km × 30 km, the inversion effect of the DB algorithm AOD is better than that of the DB–DT combined algorithm AOD on different underlying surfaces. (3) The seasonal variability in the inversion accuracy of the DB algorithm AOD is less than that of the DB–DT combined algorithm, and it has inversion advantages in spring, autumn and winter, while the DB–DT combined algorithm outperforms the DB algorithm only in winter. The inversion effect of the two algorithms on AOD is influenced by the spatial sampling window setting. (4) Both the DB algorithm AOD and the DB–DT combined algorithm AOD can monitor the distribution of AOD in the central and western regions of Gansu, especially for high values of AOD under polluted atmospheric conditions, which represents a good monitoring effect. However, the two algorithms perform poorly in monitoring the southeast region of Gansu, while there is a discontinuous AOD distribution in the northwest region of Gansu. Overall, the MODIS DB algorithm AOD product has higher applicability in Gansu Province. This work provides a good reference for local air pollution and climate prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Studying health assessment of typical plantation forests can provide a theoretical basis for formulating scientific management measures for plantation forests, improving the quality of forest resources and achieving sustainable development of plantation forests in Gansu. Methods] Based on the field investigation of 68 typical sample plots in Gansu, this study took five main types of plantation forests {Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus spp, Larioc principis-rupprechtii Mayr, Picea as per a ta Mast and Pinus tabuliformis) of Gansu as the research samples, and selected 18 indicators such as forest community structure, productivity and resilience, etc. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to build the plantation forest health evaluation index system and forest health evaluation model, and the forest health index was used to reflect the forest healthy level. Results] (1) 6().3% of the plantation forests in Gansu were in sub-health state, 22.1 % were in unhealthy state, 1().3% were in medium-health state, and 7.3% were in healthy state. (2) For different plantation forests, the forest health index of L. principis-rupprechtii Mary was significantly higher. while the P. spp was relatively the lowest. and the the ranking of forest health index was the L. principis-rupprechtii Mary (0. 417) > P. as per ata Mast (0. 126) > R. pseucloacacia (0.1 ()6)'>P. tabuliformis (().()()())>F. spp (--().665). (3) For different forest age groups, the forest health indices of mature forests were significantly higher than those of other age groups. while young forests had lower health levels. and the ranking of forest health index was the mature forests (0.580)~>near mature forests (一0.062) >■ middle-aged forests (一0.073) > you ng forests (一().354). [Conclusion] The plantation forests in Gansu still need to strengthen forest tending and management, the scientific sustainable management measures should be formulated for the plantation forests in the region. to achieve sustainable development of plantation forest ecosystems in Gansu Provinee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The superior high-generation lines with strong adaptability were screened by evaluating the adaptability, high yield and stability of flax to provide basis for improving identification and promotion of new varieties. [Method] In 2017 -- 2018, 12 advanced strains were planted in 9 pilot areas, including Lanzhou, Jingtai, Yuzhong, Qingshui, Dingxi, Zhangye, Baiyin, Pingliang and Zhenyuan. Plot yield was recorded after harvest, and yield was analyzed by combined variance and the Genstat GGE biplot model. [Result] The yield of 12 high-generation lines was highly significant in G, E and GE (P<0.01). GGE- biplot analysis of yield traits adaptability showed that 10287 (G4) was the most adaptable strain in Yuzhong, Qingshui, Dingxi, Pingliang and Zhenyuan. The most adaptable strain in Lanzhou and Jingtai was 99012-3(G10). The most adaptable strain in Baiyin and Zhangye was 988-KG11). The results of correlation among the pilots showed that there was a close positive correlation between Yuzhong, Pingliang and Zhenyuan, and a close positive correlation between Lanzhou, Jingtai, Dingxi, Zhangye and Baiyin. GGE-biplot analysis of high yield and stable yield showed that the cultivars with high and unstable yield were 200617-8 (G7), 09162 (G8), 99012-3 (G10) and 0523-2-1-3 (G12), and the cultivars with low and stable yield were 0354 (G1), 1SX98O369 (G2), 9894-4 (G3), Longyal3 (G5, CK), 0818-6-13 (G6) and 1SXQS3 (G9), the cultivars with unstable and low yield was 988-1 (Gil), and 10287 (G4) had high and stable yield. Jingtai and Lanzhou had the best discrimination and representativeness for the 12 high-generation lines. [Conclusion] GGE can intuitively display the results of multi-year high-generation lines test, and objectively evaluate the adaptability, high yield and stable yield of varieties as well as the representativeness and discrimination of the pilots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Inland lakes can truly and sensitively reflect the climate change in the region， are important indicators of climate change.The analysis of temporal and spatial evolution and causes of lake area changes is of great scientific value not only for the water resources utilization and water resources management， but also for revealing regional climate change and reflecting the impact of human activities.In this study， seed growth method （object-based image analysis， OBIA ） was used to extract the area changes of 7 typical lakes in Gansu Province from 1986 to 2017， among the tail type lakes， Dasugan Lake has the largest area， with an area of more than 60 km2 from 1986 to 2017； Qingtu Lake has a maximum area of more than 20 km2， the area of Xiaosugan Lake remains between 11~12 km2， with relatively stable changes.The area of Ganhaizi Lake is less than 2 km2， with large fluctuations.In the river source lakes， the area of Gahai Lake is 2.9~12.56 km2， with large area fluctuation.The areas of Delenoer Lake and Tianchi Lake are less than 2 km2， among which the area fluctuation of Delenoer Lake is large and the area fluctuation of Tianchi Lake is relatively small.Based on the cluster analysis method， seven typical lakes were divided into two types according to the changing characteristics of lake area.The first category included Gahai Lake， Qingtu Lake and Dasugan Lake， and the lake area showed an overall increasing trend.The second category includes Delenore Lake， Xiaosugan Lake， Tianchi Lake and Ganhaizi Lake， the lake area is decreasing as a whole.Through correlation analysis， it can be seen that the lake area changes of Delenoer Lake， Gahai Lake， Tianchi Lake， Qingtu Lake and Ganhaizi Lake have a significant correlation with some climate factors.In addition， the area changes of Dasugan Lake and Xiaosugan Lake have a certain correlation with climate factors， but not significant.Through principal component analysis， it can be concluded that among the climate impact factors， average temperature and relative humidity， precipitation and ET0 are the main climate impact factors of lake area change， average temperature and relative humidity are the main impact factors of Delenoer Lake area change， and ET0 and average temperature are the main climate impact factors of Gahai Lake area change， relative humidity and precipitation are the main climatic factors affecting the change of Tianchi Lake area.

Abstract Background Echinococcosis is a global enzootic disease influenced by different biological and environmental factors and causes a heavy financial burden on sick families and governments. Currently, government subsidies for the treatment of patients with echinococcosis are only a fixed number despite patients’ finical income or cost of treatment, and health authorities are demanded to supply an annual summary of only endemic data. The risk to people in urban areas or non-endemic is increasing with climate, landscape, and lifestyle changes. Methods We conducted retrospective descriptive research on inpatients with human echinococcosis (HE) in Lanzhou hospitals and analyzed the healthcare expenditure on inpatient treatment and examined the financial inequalities relating to different levels of gross domestic product. The livestock losses were also estimated by infection ratio. The occurrence records of Echinococcus spp. composed of hospitalized patients and dogs infected in the Gansu province were collected for Ecological niche modeling (ENM) to estimate the current suitable spatial distribution for the parasite in Gansu province. Then, we imported the resulting current niche model into future global Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios for estimation of future suitable habitat areas. Results Between 2000 to 2020, 625 hospitalized HE patients (51% men and 49% women) were identified, and 48.32 ± 15.62 years old. The average cost of hospitalization expenses per case of HE in Gansu Province was ￥24,370.2 with an increasing trend during the study period and was negative with different counties’ corresponding gross domestic product (GDP). The trend of livestock losses was similar to the average cost of hospitalization expenses from 2015 to 2017. The three factors with the strongest correlation to echinococcosis infection probability were (1) global land cover (GLC, 56.6%), (2) annual precipitation (Bio12, 21.2%), and (3) mean temperature of the Wettest Quarter (Bio12, 8.5% of variations). We obtained a robust model that provides detail on the distribution of suitable areas for Echinococcus spp. including areas that have not been reported for the parasite. An increasing tendency was observed in the highly suitable areas of Echinococcus spp. indicating that environmental changes would affect the distributions. Conclusion This study may help in the development of policies for at-risk populations in geographically defined areas and monitor improvements in HE control strategies by allowing targeted allocation of resources, including spatial analyses of expenditure and the identification of non-endemic areas or risk for these parasites, and a better comprehension of the role of the environment in clarifying the transmission dynamics of Echinococcus spp. Raising healthcare workers’ and travelers’ disease awareness and preventive health habits is an urgent agenda. Due to unpredictable future land cover types, prediction of the future with only climatic variables involved needs to be treated cautiously.

【Objective】 Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) measures the potential water loss from soils in terrestrial systems. It varies with a multitude of factors and can be calculated by different methods. In this paper, we compared ET0 calculated by five methods for regions with incomplete meteorological data across Gansu province in northwestern China. 【Method】 We divided the province into four regions: arid area in Hexi (Region I), semi-arid area in northern Longzhong (Region II), semi-humid area in southern Longzhong (Region III), and humid area in Longnan and Gannan (Region IV). The reference evapotranspiration in each region was calculated using the Hargreaves-Samani (Har), the FAO-24 Penman (24PM), the FAO 1948 Penman (48PM), the Makkink (Mak), and the Priestley Taylor (PT) methods, respectively. For each method, we calculated the daily ET0 based on data measured from 1980 to 2019 from 26 meteorological stations across the province. The accuracy and robustness of each method for each region was tested against that estimated using the FAO-56 penman Monteith (P-M) method. 【Result】 ET0 calculated from different methods varied, though the variation depended on region. The results calculated from the Har and Mak methods were correlated with that from the P-M method with the correlation coefficients close to unity, despite that the Har method was less accurate for high altitude regions. The results estimated by the 48PM and 24PM methods were both greater than the ET0 calculated by P-M method. The accuracy of the five simplified methods for estimating ET0 was ranked in the order of Mak > Har >48PM > 24PM > PT for Region I, and Har >Mak> 48PM > 24PM >PT for other three regions. 【Conclusion】 For regions that are lack of meteorological data, the Mak method was the best alternative for estimating ET0 in Region I, while the Har method worked better for other regions in Gansu province.