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The present study evaluated the effect of increasing levels of wet brewery residue (WBR) as a source of roughage on nutrient intake, performance and ingestive behaviour in lambs finished in confinement. Thirty-two uncastrated male lambs were used, weaned at 50 days of age. The treatments comprised increasing levels of WBR as roughage in the diet: 31, 44, 57 and 70%, on a dry-matter. The concentrate consisted of disintegrated corn, soybean meal, calcitic limestone and mineral salt. There was a quadratic effect (P ≤ 0.05) from the increasing levels of WBR on the intake of DM, OM, CP and TCH. The intake of EE, NDF and ADF increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01), while TDN intake showed a linear reduction (P < .0001) for increases in the level of WBR. There was a quadratic effect (P ≤ 0.010) on the average daily weight gain (ADG) from the addition of WBR to the diet. The time spent on feeding and rumination (P ≤ 0.05), expressed in minutes, showed a linear increase. Feeding rate for DM showed decreasing linear behaviour (P ≤ 0.006), while NDF rumination rate showed increasing linear behaviour (P ≤ 0.013) due to the increased levels of WBR in the diet. There was a linear increase in the time spent on each feeding activity (P ≤ 0.007) with the increase in WBR in the diet. Maximum weight gain is achieved when 46.9% WBR is used as a source of roughage in the diet, and this level can be recommended for terminating lambs in confinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of i) pre-incubation storage time of Pekin duck eggs on incubation parameters and ii) different levels of in ovo injection with maltodextrin on Pekin duckling weight. The study was divided into two experiments using hatching eggs of Cherry Valley SM2 hens with egg-laying ages between 31 and 40 weeks. In experiment I, 8,820 eggs were subjected to different periods of pre-incubation storage (one-seven days). For experiment II, 120 eggs weighing between 75 and 85 g were selected and inoculated with 250 µL of 0.75% saline solution with different concentrations of maltodextrin treatments (0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5%). In relation to pre-incubation storage time, eggs stored for one day had lower hatching and hatchability rates and higher duckling mortality rates than eggs stored for longer periods (P < 0.05). In ovo injection with 3.0% maltodextrin in 0.75% saline solution significantly increased the hatching weight of Pekin ducklings (53.62 g) compared to that by other study treatments (P < 0.05). Therefore, Pekin duck eggs produced between 31 and 40 weeks of life may be stored between two and seven days without affecting hatchery productivity parameters. The hatching weight of Pekin ducks may be improved with in ovo injection with 3.0% maltodextrin in 0.75% saline solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estimular os jovens a conhecerem o próprio corpo sob a perspectiva celular e fisiológica pode desenvolver a adoção de práticas diárias para prevenção da diabetes e da obesidade. Além disso, propiciar a superação de questões sociais que levam a estigmatização e ao preconceito. Sabendo que o estado do Mato grosso do Sul, em especial sua Capital, Campo Grande, tem altos índices dessas doenças crônicas e da importância da educação lúdica para o processo de aprendizado, o objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver um quebra-cabeça em espiral com conceitos relacionados à grelina, insulina, leptina e o balanço energético, e verificar se a proposta promove a compreensão sobre os mecanismos fisiológicos da fome e da saciedade, desmistificando os estereótipos presentes no ambiente escolar associados ao sobrepeso. Participaram da investigação sobre a eficiência do quebra-cabeça 14 alunos do 1º ano do ensino médio da escola estadual Prof. Emygdio Campos Widal. Os participantes foram submetidos a um questionário antes e após a intervenção didática, e os dados foram analisados quanto a evolução do conhecimento adquirido. As respostas, após a prática pedagógica, demonstraram que os alunos aprenderam novos conceitos biológicos. Conclui-se que ações lúdicas e interativas trabalhadas no ambiente escolar podem contribuir para o processo de aprendizado sobre determinantes fisiológicos da fome e da saciedade e estimular a redução da intolerância materializada em forma de bullying entre jovens, uma vez que promove sensibilização individual e coletiva para desmistificar estereótipos físicos associados ao consumo alimentar.

Encouraging young people to know their own bodies from a cellular and physiological perspective can lead to the adoption of daily practices to prevent diabetes and obesity. In addition, to facilitate the overcoming of social issues that lead to stigmatization and prejudice. It is already known that the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, especially its Capital, Campo Grande, has high rates of these chronic diseases and the importance of ludic education for the learning process. Therefore the objective of this work was to develop a spiral puzzle with concepts related to ghrelin, insulin, leptin and energy balance, and verify whether this proposal promotes understanding of the physiological mechanisms of hunger and satiety, demystifying the stereotypes present in the school environment associated with overweight. Fourteen students from the 1st year of high school at the state school Prof. Emygdio Campos Widal. The participants were submitted to a questionnaire before and after the didactic intervention, and the data were analyzed regarding the evolution of the acquired knowledge. The answers, after the pedagogical practice, demonstrated that the students learned new biological concepts. It is concluded that ludic and interactive actions carried out in the school environment can contribute to the learning process about the physiological determinants of hunger and satiety, and stimulate the reduction of intolerance materialized in the form of bullying among young people, since it promotes individual and collective awareness of demystify physical stereotypes associated with food consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objetivo: avaliar associação entre nutrição enteral precoce e presença de enterocolite necrosante em recém-nascidos prematuros sob cuidados intensivos. Metodologia: Estudo realizado em maternidade de referência de Fortaleza, Ceará, entre outubro de 2020 a março de 2021, totalizando 75 prematuros, com dados de fonte secundária do setor de nutrição. Analisou-se tempo de início de dieta enteral – precoce ou tardia. Além dos aspectos nutricionais, investigou-se presença de enterocolite, tempo médio para alcance de dieta plena, meta calórica e proteica, internação, diagnóstico e desfecho clínico. Para estatística, apresentou-se variáveis numéricas em média e desvio-padrão e categóricas em frequência e taxa de prevalência. Foi utilizado teste qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%. Foram atendidas exigências do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa institucional. Resultados: Nutrição enteral predominantemente precoce, houve maior proporção de não recuperação do peso ao nascer, os neonatos apresentaram complicações clínicas, porém com maior número de altas da internação. Além disso, houve menor tempo de internação, desmame parenteral, recuperação do peso. Finalmente, não houve associação entre a nutrição precoce e enterocolite. Conclusão: Oferta de alimentação precoce não foi fator de proteção para enterocolite. Contudo, os achados demonstram efeito desta sobre curso clínico e nutricional do grupo.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre Nutrição Enteral Precoce (NEP) e estado nutricional em Recém-Nascidos Pré-Termo (RNPT) internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN), bem como caracterizar o suporte nutricional desses recém-nascidos. Metodologia: Pesquisa realizada em maternidade de referência, localizada em Fortaleza, Ceará, entre outubro 2020 e março de 2021, totalizando 75 RNPT. Analisou-se o tempo de início de dieta enteral precoce ou tardia. Indentificou-se peso, estado nutricional ao nascer e na alta, tempo médio para alcance de dieta plena, meta calórica e proteica, tempo de jejum e desfecho clínico. Para análise estatística, apresentaram-se variáveis numéricas em média, mediana e desvio-padrão e categóricas em frequência e taxa de prevalência. Foi utilizado teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, com nível de significância de 5%. Foram atendidas as exigências do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa institucional. Resultados: Maior parcela dos RNPT iniciou nutrição enteral precocemente, aumento da média de peso desses pacientes na alta da UTIN, quando comparados com o peso ao nascer. Não foi identificada associação estatisticamente significativa entre NEP e estado nutricional de RNPT. Conclusão: Oferta de NEP não se associa com estado nutricional em RNPT. Entretanto, os achados demonstram efeito positivo desta sobre outras variáveis estudadas.

Os estudos de alimentos alternativos na nutrição de aves têm se mostrado importante na formulação das dietas possibilitando a substituição ou diminuição de ingredientes convencionais, aumentando a segurança alimentar, redução de custos e sustentabilidade. Objetivouse avaliar o efeito de níveis de inclusão de grãos secos de destilaria (DDG) na dieta de frangas poedeiras semipesadas na fase de cria sobre o desempenho e termorregulação. Foram utilizadas 300 frangas de postura (Hisex Brown), distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições, com 10 aves por unidade experimental. A fase de cria foi dividida em duas outras fases. Fase 1: de 5 até 10 semanas de idade avaliando 0, 6, 12, 18 e 24% de inclusão de DDG e a fase 2: de 11 a 15 semanas de idade com os níveis de 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8% de DDG. Na fase 1 houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) para ganho de peso e peso corporal. Na fase 2, houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) somente para o ganho de peso e peso corporal. A inclusão de até 1,58% de DDG pode ser utilizada nas dietas de frangas poedeiras semipesadas com 5 a 10 semanas de idade e até 4% de inclusão para as aves entre 11 a 15 semanas, sem causar prejuízos no desempenho. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A ocorrência de diarreia e doença respiratória bovina (DRB) em bezerras resulta em impactos econômicos, reprodutivos e produtivos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o impacto da diarreia e DRB no desenvolvimento das bezerras e produção leiteira futura. O trabalho utilizou dados retrospectivos de fazenda leiteira localizada em Carambeí-PR. Todos os dados foram coletados de fêmeas bovinas da raça Holandesa, nascidas entre novembro de 2017 a novembro de 2018, sendo que estes dados estavam no software de gerenciamento Dairy Plan C21 – GEA®. Para avaliação as bezerras foram separadas em quatro grupos, sendo grupo Diarreia – bezerras com presença apenas de diarreia; grupo DRB – bezerras com presença apenas de DRB; grupo Diarreia + DRB – bezerras com presença de diarreia e DRB; grupo Saudáveis – bezerras sem doenças. No período do estudo nasceram 454 bezerras. O índice de mortalidade no aleitamento foi 9,47%. O grupo Diarreia apresentou maior taxa de morbidade (P < 0,0001). O GMD mostrou diferenças entre o grupo Diarreia + DRB e o grupo Saudáveis (P = 0,001). Bezerras do grupo DRB tiveram 2,35 mais chances de apresentar GMD abaixo de 1 kg (P < 0,001). Maior frequência de animais do grupo Saudáveis apresentou produção de leite acima de 14.000 kgna primeira lactação (P < 0,0001). Vacas com produção acima de 14.000 kg possuem 3,31 mais chances de apresentarem doenças no pós-parto em relação aos animais com produção abaixo de 10.000 kg. O grupo Saudável apresentou maior produção de leite na primeira lactação (16.410 kg) em relação ao grupo Diarreia (11.860 kg) e grupo DRB (11.263 kg) (P = 0,007). Com o trabalho concluímos que as doenças de bezerras no período de aleitamento têm impacto negativo no GMD e produção futura de leite das vacas em lactação.

Objetivo: Avaliar o ganho de peso e mudanças no perfil lipídico e glicêmico em receptores de transplante renal no primeiro ano pós-transplante e sua correlação com a utilização de diferentes protocolos de imunossupressão. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional do tipo coorte retrospectiva analítica, envolvendo 152 pacientes maior ou igual a 19 anos, de ambos os sexos, submetidos ao transplante renal entre janeiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2019, acompanhados durante o primeiro ano pós-transplante. Foram coletados dados secundários do prontuário, incluindo demográficos, clínicos, exames laboratoriais e antropometria. Foram utilizados os Teste de Shapiro-Wilk, Paired T test e Wilcoxon test. Resultados: Houve maior prevalência de indivíduos adultos (75%, n=114), do sexo masculino (67,76%, n=103), tendo como principal doença de base a Hipertensão Arterial (32,89%, n=50). Pacientes que receberam o esquema 1 de imunossupressão (micofenolato + tacrolimus) apresentaram significativamente menor média de glicemia de jejum, de colesterol total e LDL-colesterol após 12 meses de tratamento. Pacientes submetidos ao esquema II (micofenolato + prednisona + tacrolimus) também tiveram menor média de glicemia de jejum após 12 meses. Houve redução significativa na média de triglicerídeos e LDL-colesterol nos pacientes que receberam o esquema III (sirolimus + tacrolimus). Conclusão: As alterações, principalmente nos primeiros meses pós-transplante, estão associadas à altas doses de imunossupressores, enquanto a redução gradativa está associada à redução destas, além do acompanhamento nutricional ambulatorial ao longo do pós-transplante.

Introdução: um consumo alimentar pobre nutricionalmente e ganho de peso gestacional inadequado aumenta o risco de resultados adversos para a saúde do binômio mãe-filho Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional, ganho de peso e assistência nutricional em gestantes atendidas pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) e sua relação com consumo alimentar e renda. Materiais e Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com 50 gestantes de 8 unidades ESF na cidade de Picos-PI. Foi aplicado questionário estruturado para obtenção dos dados socioeconômicos e obstétricos, além de dois recordatórios de 24 horas (R24h) em dias alternados, para avaliar o consumo alimentar de alimentos ultraprocessados. Resultados e discussões: as gestantes possuíam entre 18 e 42 anos e 14% destas fizeram pelo menos 1 consulta com nutricionista. 44% apresentaram inadequação no estado nutricional pré-gestacional e 70% possuíam inadequação no ganho de peso semanal. Não houve associação entre o consumo de ultraprocessados e o ganho de peso ou estado nutricional. Conclusão: quantidade significativa das gestantes apresentavam inadequado estado nutricional antes da gravidez, sendo também identificado um ganho de peso gestacional acima do recomendado. Ressaltando-se assim, a importância do acompanhamento nutricional gestacional.

Background: Although phytase has been widely used in poultry nutrition, the effects of the enzyme on broilers fed low levels of phosphorus are poorly understood. Objective: To evaluate the effects of two commercial phytases on live performance and bone quality of broilers fed diets with normal and reduced levels of phosphorus. Methods: Two experiments were conducted with four treatments and six repetitions with 30 birds each, for a total of 24 groups. The first experiment (Exp. I) used a reference level of available phosphorus (AP) with four treatments, as follows: Positive control= 0.45% AP starter diet/0.40% AP grower diet without phytase; Phytase X= 0.35% AP starter diet/0.30% AP grower diet + Phytase X; Phytase Y= 0.35% AP starter diet/0.30% AP grower diet + Phytase Y; and Negative control= 0.35% AP starter diet/0.30% AP grower diet, without phytase. In experiment II (Exp. II) the same treatments were used, but AP levels were reduced by 0.10%. The variables analyzed were: performance from one to 35 days, and bone quality at 35 days of age. Both experiments were analyzed using a completely randomized design. Results: In Exp. I, the positive control resulted in greater body weight gain (2,558 g; p<0,05) compared to Phytase Y (2,470 g) and negative control (2,472 g), and better feed conversion ratio (1.48; p<0,05) than the negative control (1.51). However, when phosphorus was reduced in Exp. II, the positive control and treatments with Phytase X showed better results (p<0.01) for feed intake (3,608 g and 3,593 g, respectively) and weight gain (2,430 g and 2,400 g, respectively) compared to the negative control (2,889 g of feed intake and 1,915 g of weight gain; p<0.01), which also presented low bone ash (36.8%) and phosphorus in the tibia (5.48%; p<0.01). Conclusion: Reducing AP concentration in diets not added with phytase negatively affects weight gain and feed intake of broilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: A necessidade de distanciamento social diante da pandemia do novo COVID-19, pode gerar reações emocionais e mudanças no comportamento alimentar da população. No âmbito acadêmico, os residentes multiprofissionais passaram a atuar na linha de frente em combate ao novo coronavírus e esta condição pode gerar alta taxa de estresse ou/ e ansiedade influenciando no comer emocional, contribuindo para o ganho de peso e risco para desenvolvimento de comorbidades. Objetivo: avaliar o comportamento alimentar e nível de atividade física de residentes multiprofissionais matriculados nos Programas de Atenção Básica e Atenção ao Câncer da Instituição ASCES UNITA em Caruaru-PE. Materiais e Métodos: Os residentes responderamuestionário estruturado contendo identificação, categoria profissional, mudança no peso corporal, peso habitual e atual, altura, comportamento alimentar (TFEQ-R21) e nível de atividade física (IPAC - versão curta). Resultado e Discussão: Foram avaliados 79 residentes e observou-se um aumento do peso corporal no isolamento social, relacionado a um comportamento alimentar emocional associado ao descontrole alimentar, sugerindo a influência de fatores desencadeantes como medo, ansiedade, estresse ou/e insegurança vivenciado pelos residentes, além de inatividade ou baixa adesão física. Conclusão: Reações emocionais negativas associada a inatividade física contribuíram para mudanças no peso corporal dos residentes, a realização de orientações nutricionais, incentivo a prática de atividade física e meditação são estratégias para controle de peso e cuidado da saúde mental, melhorando a qualidade de vida.

Introduction: a nutritionally poor food consumption and inadequate gestational weight gain increase the risk of adverse health outcomes for the mother-child binomial Objective: to evaluate the nutritional status, weight gain and nutritional assistance in pregnant women assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and its relationship with food consumption and income. Materials and Methods: cross-sectional study, carried out with 50 pregnant women from 8 FHS units in the city of Picos-PI. A structured questionnaire was applied to obtain socioeconomic and obstetric data, in addition to two 24-hour recalls (R24h) on alternate days, to assess food consumption of ultra-processed foods. Results and discussions: pregnant women were between 18 and 42 years old and 14% of them had at least 1 consultation with a nutritionist. 44% had inadequate pre-gestational nutritional status and 70% had inadequate weekly weight gain. There was no association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and weight gain or nutritional status. Conclusion: a significant number of pregnant women had inadequate nutritional status before pregnancy, and a gestational weight gain above the recommended was also identified. Thus, highlighting the importance of gestational nutritional monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To evaluate weight gain and changes in lipid and glycemic profile in kidney transplant recipients in the first year after transplantation and their correlation with the use of different immunosuppression protocols. Materials and Methods: Analytical retrospective cohort observational study, involving 152 patients aged 19 years or older, of both sexes, who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2018 and December 2019, and followed up during the first year after transplantation. Secondary data were collected from medical records, including demographic, clinical, laboratory tests, and anthropometric data. The Shapiro-Wilk test, Paired T test and Wilcoxon test were used. Results: There was a higher prevalence of adult individuals (75%, n=114), male (67.76%, n=103), having Arterial Hypertension as the main underlying disease (32.89%, n=50). Patients who received immunosuppression regimen 1 (mycophenolate + tacrolimus) had significantly lower mean fasting glucose, total cholesterol and LDLcholesterol after 12 months of treatment. Patients undergoing regimen II (mycophenolate + prednisone + tacrolimus) also had a lower mean fasting glucose after 12 months. There was a significant reduction in mean triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol in patients who received regimen III (sirolimus + tacrolimus). Conclusion: The changes, especially in the first months after transplantation, are associated with high doses of administered immunosuppressants, while the gradual reduction is associated with the reduction of these doses, in addition to outpatient nutritional monitoring throughout the post-transplant period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weaning period is one of the most critical stages in pig farming because of the stress that animals suffer when separated from their sow, along with the health challenge, fights for hierarchy, food competition and several other factors, which causes a decrease in their feed intake affecting their weight gain. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the efficacy of including flavorings (cinnamon and banana) in the diet of recently weaned piglets on their weight gain, feed intake and feed/gain ratio. For this, 20 weaned and castrated 28-day-old male piglets weighing between 6.5 - 8 kg were randomly divided into five groups: Control treatment: unflavored food; Treatment 1: food with banana flavor; Treatment 2: food with canela flavor: Treatment 3: food with banana for 10 days - canela 10 days and banana 10 days; and Treatment 4:: food with canela for 10 days - banana 10 days and canela 10 days. The flavorings were added at 1 g/kg of the diet. The feeding period lasted 30 days for each treatment. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the statistical analysis, and differences were accepted with p <0.05. At the end of the study, it was determined that the weight gain, feed intake and feed/gain ratio were similar between the treatments (P> 0.05). From this, it can be suggested that the inclusion of flavorings (cinnamon and banana) in the diet of weaning piglets does not improve their growth performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engenharia na Agricultura is the property of Engenharia na Agricultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Academica Ciencia Animal is the property of Revista Academica Ciencia Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To assess fetal visceral adiposity and associated factors during pregnancy. Methods: Secondary analysis of prospective cohort data with 172 pairs (pregnant woman/fetus) treated at public health units. Anthropometric data, metabolic (glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, insulin resistance, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides) measures, fetal biometry, and visceral and subcutaneous adiposity in the binomial (pregnant woman/fetus) were evaluated at the 16th, 28th and 36th gestational weeks by ultrasonography. Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: At the 16th week, the mean age of the pregnant women was 26.6 ± 5.8 years and mean weight was 62.7 ± 11.5 kg; 47.0% had normal weight, 28.3% were overweight, 13.3% were underweight, and 11.2% were obese. At 36 weeks, 44.1% had inadequate gestational weight gain, 32.5% had adequate gestational weight gain, and 23.3% had excessive gestational weight gain. Fetal visceral adiposity at week 36 showed a positive correlation with maternal variables: weight (r = 0.15) and body mass index (r = 0.21) at the 16th; with weight (r = 0.19), body mass index (r = 0.24), and gestational weight gain (r = 0.21) at the 28th; and with weight (r = 0.22), body mass index (r = 0.26), and gestational weight gain (r = 0.21) at the 36th week. After multiple linear regression, adiposity at the 28th week remained associated with fetal variables: abdominal circumference (p

Background: We hypothesized that a diet with old man saltbush hay used as an alternative source of nutrients could partially replace the concentrate in the feeding of feedlot lambs. Objective: This study evaluated the behavior and performance of lambs fed diets containing increasing levels of old man saltbush hay plus concentrate. Methods: Twenty-four castrated Santa Inês lambs at approximately eight months of age (22 ± 1.97 kg) were confined in a randomized complete design and fed diets containing 30, 40, 50, and 60% (dry matter: DM) of old man saltbush hay. Results: The intake of DM and neutral detergent fiber was not affected (p>0.05) by the level of old man saltbush hay. Intake of mineral salt decreased (p<0.01) as the proportion of old man saltbush in the diet increased. Weight gain (kg) and feed efficiency worsened (p<0.05) with 40% inclusion of old man salt bush hay. The time spent on feeding and chewing increased (p<0.05), while idle time was reduced (p<0.01) with dietary inclusion of old man saltbush. Feed efficiency decreased (p<0.05) with the inclusion of old man saltbush. Conclusion: Dietary inclusion of old man saltbush affects the feeding behavior and performance of lambs in feedlot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o desempenho produtivo de fêmeas Nelore na recria, recebendo suplementação mineral proteico, e proteico energético em pastagem de Urucloa brizantha cv Marandu no período de transição águas – seca e sua implicação sobre o ganho de peso dos animais. O estudo foi realizado na fazenda Relíquia, localizada no município de Ribas do Rio Pardo – MS, Brasil, utilizando 81 dias experimentais. Foram utilizadas 60 novilhas da raça nelore, nuliparas, divididas em dois lotes de 30 animais, cada lote por piquete, em pastejo contínuo, com peso médio corporal (PC) de 304 ± 82 kg e idade de 18 meses para avaliação do ganho de peso. Os animais receberam 2 estratégias nutricionais: suplemento mineral proteico (SMP) na proporção de 72 g/animal/dia (0,02% do PV), e suplemento proteico energético (SPE) 271,6 g/animal/dia (0,08% do PV). Amostras de pasto foram coletadas a cada 20 dias nas áreas experimentais para determinação da disponibilidade de MS/ha de pasto, e para avaliação da composição químico-bromatologica. O desempenho produtivo dos animais apresentou diferença (P>0,05) no peso corporal final, ganho de peso total e ganho médio diário, para os 81 dias de experimento, sendo que o desempenho do Mineral Proteico foi superior ao Proteico Energético. A massa de forragem observada no pasto de capim Marandu durante o experimento foi de 2077,5 kg, 1305,0 kg, 800,0 kg e 597,5 kg de MS/há nos meses março, abril, maio e junho, respectivamente. O grupo de animais do tratamento com suplemento mineral proteico, apresentaram peso corporal final de 328,27 kg, ganho de peso total de 24,96kg, ganho médio diário de 0,308 kg/animal/dia e o do suplemento proteico energético de 325,27 kg, 19,48 kg, e 0,240 kg/ dia, respectivamente. A suplementação mineral proteica foi superior ao tratamento com proteico energético em relação ao peso corporal final dos animais avaliados.

O surgimento de doenças ocasionadas pelo estresse durante o cultivo de juvenis vem tornando-se comum devido à intensificação dos sistemas de produção, ocorrendo elevada mortalidade e prejuízos econômicos ao produtor. Mediante esse contexto, os probióticos que são um conjunto de micro-organismos vivos, estão sendo utilizados devido à sua capacidade de estabelecer-se e multiplicar-se no intestino do hospedeiro e promover o equilíbrio da microbiota, contribuindo com a sanidade e o desempenho dos peixes principalmente nas primeiras semanas de vida. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de juvenis de tilápias do Nilo alimentados com cepas probióticas e submetidos a desafio sanitário. Foram utilizados 180 juvenis, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos, quatro repetições e 15 peixes como unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram: T1 - peixes cultivados em água limpa sem o uso de probiótico; T2 - peixes cultivados em água sob desafio e sem o uso de probiótico e T3 - peixes cultivados em água sob desafio e com o uso de probiótico. Não houve efeito significativo (P>0,05) nos parâmetros de desempenho zootécnico, no consumo de ração e sobrevivência. A utilização de probiótico na ração não mostrou-se hábil para proporcionar melhorias no desempenho, consumo de ração e na sobrevivência de juvenis de tilápias do Nilo no período de 30 dias de cultivo. Palavras-chave: dejetos de suínos; ganho de peso; piscicultura; probiótico.

RESUMO Objetivo investigar a forma de oferta de dieta, conforme os diversos métodos de alimentação, e descrever o ganho de peso em recém-nascidos com microcefalia relacionada ao Zika Vírus, comparando-os com recém-nascidos sem microcefalia. Método estudo de coorte retrospectivo com caso controle aninhado. Informações sobre idade gestacional, peso e métodos de alimentação (seio materno, sonda nasogástrica/orogástrica, mamadeira e copo) foram coletadas em prontuários de 43 recém-nascidos com microcefalia por Zika Vírus, equiparados conforme idade gestacional com 43 recém-nascidos sem acometimentos (grupo controle), em uma maternidade de referência no Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados desde o nascimento até a alta hospitalar. As medidas de desfecho foram pesos (ao nascer e na alta), velocidade de ganho de peso, tempo de internação e métodos de alimentação. Resultados O grupo com microcefalia apresentou menores pesos ao nascer (D=-1,67; p

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a associação de diferentes métodos para avaliação do ganho de peso gestacional com nascidos vivos pequenos para idade gestacional (PIG) ou grandes para idade gestacional (GIG). Métodos Estudo transversal, com mulheres adultas, IMC pré-gestacional de eutrofia, gestação única e idade gestacional no parto ≥28 semanas, da pesquisa ‘Nascer no Brasil’, em 2011-2012. Resultados Participaram do estudo 11 mil mulheres; a prevalência de ganho excessivo foi de 33,1% segundo os métodos Brandão et al., e IOM, e 37,9% segundo Intergrowth. A chance de nascer PIG para ganho de peso insuficiente foi de OR=1,52 (IC95% 1,06;2,19), OR=1,52 (IC95% 1,05;2,20) e OR=1,56 (IC95% 1,06;2,30) para Brandão et al., IOM e Intergrowth, respectivamente, enquanto o ganho de peso excessivo apresentou OR=1,53 (IC95% 1,28;1,82), OR=1,57 (IC95% 1,31;1,87) e OR=1,65 (IC95% 1,40;1,96), para GIG, respectivamente. Conclusão Comparados às recomendações do IOM, Intergrowth e Brandão et al. apresentam-se como alternativas para identificar PIG e GIG.

Background: The use of pequi by-product as animal feed is an appealing alternative to reduce overall production costs. However, little is known regarding its effects on animal performance as well as the ideal inclusion level in the diet. Objective: To evaluate performance, intake, and digestibility of confined lambs receiving diets containing different levels of pequi byproduct as a partial substitute for corn silage. Methods: The experiment was conducted in Curvelo, Brazil, using twenty-five crossbred Santa Inês male lambs (17.83 ± 1.73 kg) aged six months for 92 days. Increasing levels of pequi by-product (0, 6, 12, 18, and 24%) replacing corn silage were evaluated in a completely randomized design. Analysis of variance and regression were performed, with 5% significance level. Results: Inclusion of pequi by-product did not influence (p>0.05) average daily gain, total weight gain, or feed conversion ratio. No effect (p>0.05) was also observed on intake of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients. However, a linear decrease was observed (p<0.05) in the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients with increasing inclusion of pequi by-product. Conclusion: Pequi by-product is a potential substitute for corn silage in lamb diets because it does not influence animal performance and feed intake. However, digestibility decreases with increasing dietary inclusion levels of pequi by-product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to analyze scientific productions on the benefits of the kangaroo method in low birth weight and premature newborns. It is an integrative literature review, carried out from August to December 2020, in the PUBMED, LILACS AND BDENF databases. The sample consisted of 14 articles. During the analysis of the articles, two thematic categories emerged: Benefits related to the evolution of the newborn's clinical condition and benefits aimed at the newborn and the family. The articles revealed that there are many benefits, not only for the newborn, but also for the family. Weight gain, temperature control, decreased respiratory rate, increased bond between parent and child, parental autonomy in care, growth and development, decreased hospital stay and incentive to breastfeeding were some of the benefits listed. Knowledge of the benefits of the Kangaroo Method may enable changes in the attitude of health professionals, especially nurses, with a view to improving the results of care provided to newborns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colostrum is the main source of immunoglobulins for piglets and several studies have shown that colostrum intake by piglets have a significant influence on their immunity as well as their future performance. The aim of this study was to ascertain the correlation between colostrum intake in the first 24 hours and the serum immunoglobulin concentration determined by immunocrit (IR), determine if the birth order of piglets interfered in colostrum intake and the IR, and measure their weight gain up to 42 days of age. One hundred and three piglets were included in the study and divided into two groups according to colostrum intake in the first 24 hours: ≥ 230 g and <≥ 230 g. Piglets with an intake of ≥ 230 g colostrum at birth had a mean weight of 1.412 ± 0.156 kg (mean ± SEM) while animals with a colostrum intake <230 g weighed 1.317 ± 0.162 kg (P>0.05). The mean IR between colostrum intake groups was 0.075 (<230 g) and 0.096 (≥ 230 g) (p<0.05). The IR differed between the order of birth of the piglets; where piglets born up to ≤7 had an IR=0.096 while those born from >7 presented with an IR=0.079 (p<0.05). Piglets that consumed more colostrum (≥ 230 g) in the first 24 hours after birth had a greater immunocrit and greater weight gain from 7 to 42 days of age (p<0.05). We concluded that the order of birth does not affect the colostrum intake, but the IR has a negative correlation (CORR= -0.3101; p<0,05) with the order of birth. Piglets with intake of more than 230 g of colostrum show greater weight gain up to 42 days of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional pré-gestacional, o ganho de peso durante a gestação, e investigar fatores associados ao ganho de peso excessivo (GPE) entre mulheres. Método: estudo com dados secundários de 747 puérperas da pesquisa “Nascer em Belo Horizonte”. Calculou-se prevalência, razão de prevalência e intervalos de 95% de confiança. Utilizou-se teste qui-quadrado de Pearson para avaliar diferenças das prevalências. Resultados: de acordo com os dados, 31% tinham excesso de peso pré-gestacional e 21% apresentaram GPE na gestação. Mulheres com baixa escolaridade (26,9%), multíparas (32,0%), que consumiam álcool (29,5%), com pré-natal no serviço público (25,4%), poucas consultas (26,5%), e gestação de risco (33,9%) apresentaram maior GPE. Tiveram maior chance de GPE mulheres com baixa escolaridade, pré-natal em serviço público e gestação de risco. Cesariana (52,6%) e macrossomia (6,6%) foram mais prevalentes entre aquelas com GPE. Conclusão: observou-se excesso de peso pré-gestacional, ganho ponderal excessivo na gravidez, principalmente em gestantes com maior vulnerabilidade social, resultando em desfechos reprodutivos desfavoráveis. ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate pre-gestational nutritional status and weight gain during pregnancy, and to investigate factors associated with excessive weight gain (EWG) among women. Method: this study used secondary data on 747 women following childbirth in the "Born in Belo Horizonte" study. Prevalence, prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Differences in prevalence were assessed by Pearson chi-square test. Results: according to the data, 31% were overweight before pregnancy and 21% had EWG during pregnancy. EWG was higher among women with little schooling (26.9%), multiparous women (32.0%), those who consumed alcohol (29.5%), had antenatal care in the public service (25.4%), attended few appointments (26.5%) or had high-risk pregnancies (33.9%). Women with little schooling, antenatal care in public service, and high-risk pregnancies were more likely to have EWG. Caesarian delivery (52.6%) and macrosomia (6.6%) were more prevalent among those with EWG. Conclusion: Excess weight before pregnancy and excessive weight gain during pregnancy were observed, especially among more socially vulnerable women, resulting in unfavorable reproductive outcomes. RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el estado nutricional pregestacional y el aumento de peso durante el embarazo, e investigar los factores asociados con el aumento de peso excesivo (EWG) entre las mujeres. Método: este estudio utilizó datos secundarios de 747 mujeres después del parto en el estudio "Nacidos en Belo Horizonte". Se calcularon la prevalencia, la razón de prevalencia y los intervalos de confianza del 95%. Las diferencias en la prevalencia se evaluaron mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: según los datos, el 31% tenía sobrepeso antes del embarazo y el 21% tenía EWG durante el embarazo. El GTE fue mayor entre las mujeres con poca escolaridad (26,9%), las multíparas (32,0%), las que consumían alcohol (29,5%), tenían atención prenatal en el servicio público (25,4%), asistían a pocas citas (26,5%) o tenían embarazos de alto riesgo (33,9%). Las mujeres con poca escolaridad, atención prenatal en el servicio público y embarazos de alto riesgo tenían más probabilidades de tener EWG. El parto por cesárea (52,6%) y la macrosomía (6,6%) fueron más frecuentes entre las personas con EWG. Conclusión: Se observó exceso de peso antes del embarazo y aumento de peso excesivo durante el embarazo, especialmente entre las mujeres más vulnerables socialmente, lo que resultó en resultados reproductivos desfavorables.

Objective: Estimate the prevalence of interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and assess its correlation with sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical indicators in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with adult and elderly patients of both sexes referred to a hemodialysis center. Data collection consisted of the application of a structured questionnaire, measurement of anthropometric parameters, and analysis of medical records. Associations between variables were assessed using simple and multiple linear regression models. Data analysis was performed using Stata 13.1 software. Results: A total of 123 patients were evaluated, the majority of which were male (63.4%), aged over 40 years (66.6%), and of low socioeconomic status (50.4%). The prevalence of excessive IDWG among study participants was 10.5% and was negatively associated with increased age (p = -0.019; 95% CI: -0.037; -0.006). Positive associations were observed between IDWG and increased waist circumference (p = 0.022; 95% CI: 0.003; 0.041), hemodialysis treatment time (expressed in months) (p = 0.017; 95% CI: 0.009; 0.026), and increased serum creatinine concentration (p = 0.091; 95% CI: 0.016; 0.166). Conclusion: It was found that IDWG was greater in younger patients and was positively associated with waist circumference, hemodialysis treatment time, and serum creatinine concentration. These findings demonstrate the importance of multiprofessional interventions to improve the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar por meio de metaníticos os efeitos da suplementação sem desempenho durante as fases de término e término dos bovinos de corte na pastagem de Brachiaria. Foram analisados dados combinados de 15 estudos nacionais, com um número total de 462 bovinos, utilizados para colar em forragem tropical com diferentes tipos e níveis de suplementação. Esses animais foram divididos em duas categorias; 319 na fase de recuperação e 143 na fase de terminação. Os trabalhos revisados avaliam o efeito da suplementação proteica, energética e proteica-energética sobre as medidas de desempenho animal. Como variáveis, o ganho de peso diário e o peso vivo final foram analisados através de Forest plot. O ganho de peso diário na fase de retorno Apresenta semelhança entre os tipos de suplementos adicionados aos animais.-1 . Uma suplementação proteica permitida a animais com incremento de 28,22 kg em relação aos níveis que não recebem nenhum tipo de nutriente não é da própria pastagem. Diferenciando-se apenas os animais que não receberam suplementação nesse período, o ganho de peso final adicional adicional dos subgrupos em relação ao controle foi de 24,47 kg.

With the objective to evaluate different frequencies of supplementation on the performance and ingestive behavior of Nellore calves kept on Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pasture, 56 animals with initial average body weight (BW) of 174.5 kg were submitted to the following treatments: no supplement and 1x, 3x, and 7x supplementation per week. The supplement was provided in the amount of 3.5 g kg-1 of BW day-1. BW and evaluation of behavior were assessed every 28 days. The randomized block's design with two repetitions was used. The analyses of variance were carried out by the GLM procedure in the SAS software, and the means were compared by the Tukey’s test at 5% significance. The supplementation increased the average daily gain (ADG; P ? 0.05); however, it did not differ between frequencies (0.005, 0.190, 0.183, and 0.177 kg head-1 day for the no supplement treatment and 1x, 3x, and 7x per week, respectively). The animals in the no supplement treatment showed longer grazing time (P ? 0.05) compared to those receiving the supplement. However, results did not differ between frequencies (10.44, 8.57, 8.32, and 8.59 hours day-1 for no supplement treatments and 1x, 3x, and 7x per week, respectively). Thus, the frequency of supplementation can be reduced to once a week without reducing animal performance.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Brachiaria spp. Cv. Mulato II (Convert) on performance, meat quality and carcass characteristics of castrated Nellore steers in the growing and finishing phases, in rotational grazing system, compared to Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, under the same conditions. The experimental area was divided into two treatments: Marandu and Convert with 20 hectares each, splited in four replications per treatment, composed of five paddocks of one hectare each. Animals were managed based on the availability of leaf blade dry matter (6.19% body weight) in rotational grazing with 7 days of occupation and 28 days of rest. Ten animals were used in each replicate (testers), as well as regulatory animals whenever necessary. Animals were managed based on the availability of leaf blade dry matter (6.19% body weight) in rotational grazing with 7 days of occupation and 28 days of rest. Ten animals were used in each replicate (testers), as well as regulatory animals whenever necessary. For performance analysis, 10 animals of each replicate were used, while for carcass and meat analyses, only six of each replicate. Production and chemial characteristics of the two grasses were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments and four replicates; data were tested by analysis of variance using the R software. Animals fed on Convert grass were superior than those fed on Marandu grass, with higher average daily gain (0.682 kg vs. 0.605 kg), slaughter weight (470.45 kg vs. 451.43 kg), hot carcass weight (239.93 kg vs. 232.36 kg). The study also showed the possibility of finishing castrated young steers (up to 30 months) and with subcutaneous fat thickness required by industry (3 mm) in both pastures.

A gestação é caracterizada por modificações fisiológicas, metabólicas, endócrinas e nutricionais. Nesse período a alimentação tem o papel de suprir necessidades, além de promover adequado ganho de peso à mãe e ao recém-nascido. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional pré-gestacional, o ganho de peso durante a gestação e a avaliação de exames sanguíneos de hemoglobina e glicemia em gestantes atendidas numa clínica na cidade de Pato Branco-PR. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa utilizou-se a análise de exames laboratoriais, determinação de IMC pré-gestacional e ganho de peso total durante a gestação. Foram incluídas 39 gestantes, com faixa etária de 18 a 39 anos. A média encontrada do IMC pré-gestacional foi de 24,14 Kg/m². O ganho de peso variou de 3,5 kg a 28,5 kg. Ao relacionar o IMC pré-gestacional e glicemia verificou-se no segundo trimestre correlação estatística (p=0,0039). Quando correlacionado ganho de peso e glicemia verificou-se, que existe significância no segundo trimestre (p=0,0019). Encontraram-se valores de glicemia no segundo trimestre fora do padrão recomendado, indicando glicemia de jejum alterada. A hemoglobina no segundo e terceiro trimestres apresentaram a mínima abaixo do recomendado (9,98g/dl – 10g/dl), classificando-se como anemia ferropriva. O estudo evidência a importância do cuidado nutricional antes e durante a gestação, visando sempre a promoção da saúde materno-infantil, visando a importância dos exames laboratoriais, que auxiliam em um diagnóstico e tratamento precoce. ABSTRACT Nutritional assessment and laboratory in a pregnant women group in municipality of white pr-duck Pregnancy is characterized by physiological, metabolic, endocrine and nutritional changes. During this period the power has the role of supply needs, and to promote adequate weight gain for the mother and newborn. This study aimed to evaluate the pre-gestational nutritional status, weight gain during pregnancy and assessment of blood tests for hemoglobin and glucose levels in pregnant women attending a clinic in the city of Pato Branco-PR. For the development of this research used to the analysis of laboratory tests, determination of prepregnancy BMI and total weight gain during pregnancy. They included 39 pregnant women aged 18-39 years. The average found BMI pre-pregnancy was 24.14 kg / m². The weight gain varied from 3.5 kg to 28.5 kg. By linking the prepregnancy BMI and glucose found in the second quarter statistical correlation (p = 0.0039). When correlated weight gain and blood glucose it was found that there is significance in the second trimester (p = 0.0019). glycemia They met in the second quarter off the recommended standard, indicating impaired fasting glucose. Hemoglobin in the second and third quarters showed the minimum below the recommended (9.98g / dl - 10 g / dl), ranking as iron deficiency anemia. The study highlights the importance of nutritional care before and during pregnancy, always aiming at the promotion of maternal and child health, aiming the importance of laboratory tests that help in early diagnosis and treatment.

Birds fed with vegetable diets rely on the endogenous synthesis of creatine, which requires amino acids, some of which, for example arginine (Arg), are considered essential for several physiological and metabolic functions. Creatine is limited to high energy expenditure cells, particularly muscle cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of guanidinoacetic acid and arginine (as precursors of creatine) in vegetable diets, on the performance, quality, and yield of broiler chickens. The treatments consisted of diets based on corn and soybean meal (T1); corn, soybean meal + 3% meat meal (T2); corn, soybean meal + 0.08% guanidinoacetic acid (T3); and corn, soybean meal + 0.08% L-arginine (T4). The productive performance of the birds aged 7-, 21-, and 42-days-old was determined. Eighteen 7-day-old birds were sacrificed per treatment to evaluate breast and leg yield, and breast muscle fibers, and eighteen 42-day-old birds were sampled per treatment to determine serum uric acid, urea, creatine, lactate, and glucose concentrations. The same birds were slaughtered to calculate carcass yield in relation to live weight and commercial cut yield. The right pectoralis major muscle of each bird was used to test pH, color (luminosity L*, red index a*, and yellow index b*), and loss of water by pressure analysis, and the left side was used to analyze losses by defrosting and cooking. The data were analyzed using the software SAS. Diets to which meat or vegetable meal plus guanidinoacetic acid or L-Arginine were added resulted in higher live weight and breast meat percentage at 7 days old. Feed conversion was affected for a total period of 1 to 42 days of age (P < 0.0002). The birds with a diet supplemented with vegetable and meat meal had better feed conversion when compared to the birds that were fed with other diets. Treatments did not affect carcass and commercial cut yields, percent loss by cooking, pressure and defrosting of the broiler breast meat, or color (L, a*, and b*) and pH values.

Objetivou-se verificar o efeito de dois períodos de parto, na estação de parição (precoces: setembro; e tardios: outubro), sobre a eficiência de 54 vacas Red Angus primíparas aos 24 meses de idade. As vacas foram mantidas em pastagem natural e cultivadas de Lotus corniculatus e Lolium multiflorum nos períodos pré e pós-parto, respectivamente. Utilizou-se inseminação artificial em tempo fixo, com dois protocolos, em intervalo de 30 dias. Realizaram-se diagnósticos de gestação 30 dias após cada protocolo. Bezerros de vacas paridas precocemente ganharam mais peso durante o aleitamento, sendo mais pesados ao desmame, quando comparados aos de vacas tardias, perfazendo maiores ganhos do conjunto vaca-bezerro durante a lactação (0,721±0,030 e 0,699±0,032 kg). O desempenho reprodutivo foi superior paras as vacas paridas precocemente nas duas sincronizações e no índice de prenhez total (86,2 e 52%). Vacas precoces na parição obtiveram maiores índices de produção de bezerros (161,5±3,2 e 92,5±3,5 kg), produção de bezerros/kg de vaca ao desmame (40,9±0,97 e 23,7±1,04 kg) e eficiência produtiva ao parto (34,3±1,25 e 20,8±1,35 kg). Vacas paridas precocemente são mais eficientes na produção de kg de bezerros/kg de vaca ao parto e ao desmame e, associando-se kg produzidos e prenhez subsequente, apresentam maior índice de produção de bezerros.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the partial replacement (574 g.kg-1) of soybean meal with hay or Gliricidia sepium silage on performance, ingestive behavior and carcass characteristics of finishing lambs. Eighteen ½ Dorper × ½ Santa Inês lambs were used, whole, approximately 120 days old, initial average live weight of 21 ± 2.2 kg, confined, in a completely randomized experimental design, with three treatments and six repetitions. The ingredients used in the experimental diets were elephant grass hay (Pennisetum purpureum), soybean meal, ground corn, hay and Gliricidia silage. The treatments consisted of the control diet = 100% soybean meal; diet consisting of Gliricidia hay = 426 g.kg-1 of soybean meal and 574 g.kg-1 of Gliricidia hay; and diet composed of Gliricidia silage = 426 g.kg-1 of soybean meal and 574 g.kg-1 Gliricidia silage. The animals fed with Gliricidia hay in partial replacement to soybean meal, obtained higher (P <0.05) consumption of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients. Water consumption was higher in the treatment of Gliricidia hay. Higher (P <0.05) average daily gain, live slaughter weight, hot carcass weight and cold carcass weight were observed for treatments containing hay and Gliricidia silage. The partial substitution of soybean meal by hay or Gliricidia silage is indicated to be used in the diet of finishing lambs, as it provides greater performance and carcass weight in the animals. However, Gliricidia silage shows greater potential to be used in the diet of finishing lambs, especially in semi-arid regions as it reduces the animals' water consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juvenile fish of Prochilodus cearensis with different initial sizes (n = 180), but of the same age and representing three different stocking densities (DE): Group P (small; DE = 0.09g.L-1), Group M (medium; DE = 0.15g.L-1) and Group G (large; DE = 0.3g.L-1) were distributed in four 1000L tanks in a simple closed recirculation system (RAS) in order to investigate captive growth. Commercial feed (FreeRibe 35% PB) for fish was supplied three times a day. The stocking density (DE) influenced fish growth in terms of final biomass (B), biomass gain (GB) and final average weight (PM). Group P with an initial PM of 1.9g and DE 0.09g.L-1 through compensatory growth, reached biomass, biomass gain and average final weight higher than groups M and G respectively. The separation of individuals by weight and total length suggests the possibility of a more homogeneous growth in the production of common curimatã, reducing the effect of dominance and heterogeneous growth. Although in this simple SRA module, curimatã has not achieved satisfactory growth, its production in captivity can be used to feed more noble meat fish with greater commercial value. However, it is suggested that stress tests be carried out to verify the level of confinement on the well-being of common curimatã in SARS. In addition, different from commercial feed formulations, probably containing a higher percentage of antioxidants and adapted to the dietary habit of iliophages / detritivores need to be tested in order to find the best solution for the maximum growth of P. cearensis in captivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance and qualitative characteristics of the carcass and meat of confined beef cattle. Twenty-four crossbred steers with initial body weight of 319.3 ± 11.4 kg and age of 11 months were used, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with 2 diets and 3 repetitions, in an experimental period 124 days. The diets (Treatments) consisted of a control diet and a diet containing whey. The diets showed a 40:60 roughage: concentrate ratio, containing 13% crude protein and 68% total digestible nutrients, composed of corn silage and concentrate. In the whey diet, 14.78% of the whey diet DM were included. The results showed similarities (p>0.05) in the average daily weight gain (1.42 kg/day), slaughter weights (497±19.94 and 504±21.36 kg), warm carcass weight (279,15±12.54 and 287.77±13.16 kg), hot carcass yield (56.02±0.50 and 56.89±0.50%), subcutaneous fat thickness (5.25±0,92 and 6.50±1.35 mm), carcass temperature (7.17 ± 0.27 and 7.08 ± 0.29 ° C), marbling (8.42 ± 0.99 and 7.58 ± 0.62), and flesh color (L* 38.77±0.82 and 38.43±0.69; a* 21.09±0.58 and 20.02±0.58; b* 12,44±0.35 and 11.45±0.44). Differences were found in DM intake, with values of 9.39±0.15 and 8.40±0.14 kg/animal/day and pH 6.02±0.09 and 6.35±0,10, respectively (p<0.05). Whey inserted in the animals' diet at the inclusion level of 14.79% did not affect the productive performance and meat quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]