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The article describes a project to create an electric transmission for ground vehicles. As a layout, a motor-wheel variant is proposed, in which a traction electric motor, power electronics, control system and brake system are integrated into the wheel disk. This arrangement of the traction motor allows you to free up the space of the car for comfort and placement of the electric power storage. A combined excitation machine is proposed as an electric motor, the magnetic flux in which is created simultaneously by permanent magnets and an excitation winding. Permanent magnets allow you to increase the power in the limited dimensions of the disk, and the excitation winding allows you to adjust the magnetic flux, which significantly expands the range of speeds and torques of the vehicle. The design of the electric motor is innovative and protected by a patent of the Russian Federation. To develop a number of similar motor wheels, a design system has been proposed, which consists of two parts: synthesis and analysis. The synthesis system generates the optimal geometry of the electric motor for a specific technical task of the customer. It contains a multi-level structure that allows you to implement developments for various project situations with and without restrictions. The system contains seven such levels. Optimality criteria can be selected depending on the requirements of the project. The analysis system is based on the principle of a digital double. Its methodological basis is the finite element method. The system allows you to conduct a detailed analysis of the electromagnetic and thermal state, to obtain all the necessary integral characteristics. The performance of the design system has been tested on a digital analogue of a real racetrack, which is divided into sections with specified speed modes. The program outputs 15 parameters of both the car and the electric motor. In conclusion, the article shows the design study of a motor wheel for a racing electric car. The design of the prototype and the results of its tests are presented. The design system for the development of motor wheels based on a valve motor of combined excitation can be used for mass production.

Creation of comfortable housing for the population meeting the modern requirements of ecology, aesthetics, economical energy consumption and healthy lifestyle is a strategic task of any state. The world’s leading countries have achieved significant results in this direction. In the context of economic sanctions, Russia will not be able to take advantage of the scientific achievements of foreign countries. In addition, our country has its own climatic features. Therefore, this strategic direction of development should be implemented independently. The project should go through several stages of development. At the first stage, all the necessary scientific research should be carried out. In the second stage, these scientific studies should find their engineering solutions. At the third stage, an industry for the production of such settlements should be established. This article attempts to formulate the basic requirements for the house, site and the most ecological settlement. The authors of the project consider this to be a very important initial stage of the project development.

Various strategies are proposed to date in order to convert CO2 to large diversity of useful chemicals. The following review discusses two important approaches that produce methanol from CO2. These two includes CO2 hydrogenation and electrocatalytic routes. These processes could recycle CO2, permitting a carbon neutral, closed loop of fuel combustion and CO2 reduction to prevent a rising concentration of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Besides, intermittent electricity generation can be stored in an energy-dense, portable form in chemical bonds. The present review reports more recent findings and drawbacks of these two processes. The present review study revealed that the hydrogenation process could become readily operational in comparison to electrocatalytic process. The electrocatalytic approach still has serious technical issues in terms of kinetically sluggish multi-electron transfer process during CO2 reduction reaction that requires excessive over-potential, relatively poor selectivity, poor durability in the long term, and the absence of the optimized standard experimental and commercial systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]