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This action research aims to improve teachers' ability to enrich, redesign, develop, and test the "ahlussunah waljamaah" (Aswaja) Annahdliyah curriculum in strengthening Islamic moderation in 25 "madrasah ibtidaiyah" (Islamic elementary schools) in Kedu Caresidenan, Central Java, Indonesia. The method used was participatory action research modeled by Stephen Kemmis, Robin McTaggart, and Rhonda Nixon, an experimental type of action research. The research findings state that Islamic moderation through strengthening the Aswaja Annahdliyah curriculum is carried out by enriching and redesigning the curriculum in the aspects of objectives, content/materials, methods/activities, and assessment/evaluation. The form of strengthening the Aswaja Annahdliyah curriculum is carried out by developing a curriculum by providing material on the basic principles of Aswaja, Ukhuwah Nahdliyah, and Mabadi Khaira Ummah in the aspects of "fikrah" (thought), "aqidah" (belief), "harakah" (movement), and "amaliyah" (worship practices). As a result, teachers know the depth and breadth of the curriculum in terms of objectives, content, methods, and evaluation at the level of "fikrah," "aqidah," "harakah," and "amaliyah," determining basic competencies, operational verbs, materials, material enrichment, and selecting appropriate learning models, methods, strategies, and media. Future research needs to explore curriculum strengthening for Aswaja Annahdliyah at the high school or university level.

This article describes inclusive education based on gender equality, disability and social inclusion (GEDSI) in elementary schools. The research was conducted because the school work plan for inclusive education has not yet included gender equality, disability and social inclusion in elementary schools in Central Java, Indonesia. Elementary school managers still adhere to an exclusive and segregated paradigm, and they are not one hundred per cent inclusive in managing elementary schools. This impacts gender bias, injustice to children with disabilities, and the lack of social inclusion. The research used the participatory action research method through the empowerment of 20 school principals under the Educational Institution Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama of Central Java, Indonesia, with the stages of introduction, inculturation, team organizing, action planning, action, evaluation, and reflection. The research findings state that the inclusive education program based on GEDSI is a program prepared in the school work plan by including elements of gender justice, disability, and social inclusion in the standards of content, process, graduate competencies, educators and education personnel, facilities and infrastructure, management, financing, and assessment. The implementation of inclusive education based on GEDSI in 20 elementary schools is carried out through annual programs, semester programs and learning activities. The implementation of this program involves all stakeholders in the school, from the head to the students. Future research must explore inclusive education based on GEDSI in the curriculum and technical aspects of learning.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to identify the individuals with symptomatic flat foot and find out a correlation between the foot pain and radiological parameters. Background: The talo-firstmetatarsal (TFM) angle, calcanealpitch (CP) angle, medial cuneiform-fifth metatarsal height on the lateral weight-bearing foot radiographs, and talar head uncoverage distance on the anteroposterior weight-bearing feet radiographs are the radiographic parameters used to assess the pes planus. The association of radiological parameters with symptomatic foot pain has always been a doubt. Assessment of superiority of one radiological parameter over the other is always controversial. Hence, we conducted a study to assess the correlation of symptomatic flat foot with CPangle and talo-1stmetatarsal angle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied a total of 91 patients with symptomatic flat foot. The symptoms associated with flat foot were assessed using Foot Health Status Questionnaire. Based on the findings of this enquiry, they were objectively divided into mild, moderate, and severe which were then correlated with CP angle and TFM angles. Conclusion: In our study, we found that there is positive correlation between TFM angle and level of foot pain and negative correlation between CP angle and level of foot pain. Among the two, TFM angle showed higher correlation when compared to CP angle.

Equitable health research requires actively engaging communities in producing new knowledge to advocate for their health needs. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) relies on the coproduction of contextual and grounded knowledge between researchers, programme implementers and community partners with the aim of catalysing action for change. Improving coproduction competencies can support research quality and validity. Yet, frameworks and guidance highlighting the ideal competencies and conditions needed for all research partners to contribute meaningfully and equitably are lacking. This paper aims to advance CBPR by laying out seven core competencies and conditions that can promote power sharing in knowledge production, application and dissemination at the individual, community, organisational and systems levels.Competencies were developed through an iterative process, that synthesised pre-existing literature and frameworks with a wide range of tacit knowledge from researchers, activists, implementation partners and community researchers from Bangladesh, India, Kenya, Sierra Leone and the UK.The seven core competencies and conditions are: (1) capacity to interpret and respond to individual and relational identity, connection, uniqueness and inequities; (2) ability of communities and partners to work in the most suitable, inclusive and synergistic way; (3) aptitude for generating safe and inclusive spaces for multidirectional knowledge and skills exchange that goes beyond the research focus; (4) expertise in democratic leadership and/or facilitation to balance competing priorities and ensure shared decision-making; (5) capacity to analyse readiness for action, successes and areas for improvements throughout the research process; (6) ability to instigate sustainable change processes within the political dimensions of systems, policies and practices using advocacy, lobbying or activism approaches and (7) skills to interpret and disseminate findings and outputs that are understandable, respectful and promote community ownership. We present core competency and condition areas, individual and collective expertise associated with competencies, likely outcomes, examples of activities and sources of evidence.

Banana stems and peels (Musa paradisiaca. Val), and sweet potato plants (Ipomoea batatas) are agricultural waste that can be used as animal feed to be processed into silage through a fermentation process. This study was conducted to evaluate the physical and chemical quality of silage. The physical quality examination includes aroma, color, texture, and fungal contamination levels. In comparison, chemical quality measurements include pH value, dry matter content, and score fleigh (SF). The design of this study used a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments include, P1: 100% banana stems; P2: 100% sweet potato; P3: 50% banana stems + 50% banana peel; and P4: 50% sweet potato + 50% banana peel. The results of this study did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the physical and chemical quality of silage. The physical quality of silage was identified as being paler in color than the original feed ingredients, had a sour aroma, and no fungi were detected. The physical quality of the silage from banana stems, sweet potato plants, a combination of banana stems and banana peels, and a combination of sweet potato plants and banana peels showed equally good quality. However, the chemical quality of the silage produced did not meet the standards of good silage in terms of dry matter content (28.74-29.1%), pH value (5.9-5.6), and score fleigh (26.48-39.2).

Uncontrolled and unsafe use of pesticides can lead to acute and chronic toxicity in farmers, with neuropathy being one of the most common symptoms of chronic toxicity. However, the effects of this toxicity on farmers' electroneuromyography (ENMG) are still unclear. To address this, we conducted a cross-sectional study from July to October 2017 in Ngablak District, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Eligible farmers who were exposed to pesticides underwent electrophysiology examinations, as well as additional tests such as physical examination and laboratory testing. We collected general information such as age and work history by interview. In total, 64 farmers were included in this study. Out of these, 44 farmers were found to have polyneuropathy, with 41 of them having motor polyneuropathy and 19 of them having sensory polyneuropathy. Our findings showed that low blood cholinesterase was associated with distal latency prolongation (p-value: 0.014). The group exposed to organophosphate/carbamate pesticides was also significantly associated with prolonged distal latency (p-value: 0.012). However, motor polyneuropathy was significantly associated with chronic exposure to organophosphate/carbamate pesticides (p-value: 0.009) and not with low blood cholinesterase levels (p-value: 0.454). The study concludes that chronic exposure to organophosphate or carbamate pesticides could result in polyneuropathy disease, particularly in the motor system.

This article aims to discuss some aspects in conducting inferential analysis of census data. In this analysis, the assumptions of normality and IID (independently and identically distribution) in the observations are no longer realistic. Hence conventional analyses which are based on these assumptions are invalid and unreliable. Other alternatives can be considered, such as semivariogram analysis. Semivariogram analysis assumes that observations are dependent geographically. The analysis is useful in understanding spatial distribution of characteristics under investigation. Keywords: census, aggregation, semivariogram, autocorrelation, spatial distribution

Large dimensional systems are complicated and very tough to control. The effective solution is to reduce the large dimension of the systems to a lower dimension. This paper aims to reduce the dimension of a higher-order fractional commensurate interval system to a low-order fractional commensurate interval system by using evolutionary techniques. Kharitonov’s theorem and artificial bee colony optimization technique are used to determine the interval numerator and denominator polynomials for the simplified models. The algorithm is very modest and generates a stable reduced dimensional commensurate fractional interval model preserving the properties of the original system. The efficiency of the suggested strategy is illustrated with a numerical example.

This paper demonstrates the product in the form of Google Site web-based Natural Science learning media to improve teachers' digital pedagogical skills. The research type is research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which consists of five steps or stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The participants consisted of 21 students and 17 teachers in grade IV SD Universal Temanggung. Data collection techniques were interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The validation test results from two validators, namely media expert and material expert validators. Based on the media expert validators, an average percentage was 81% interpreted into the very feasible category. Of the material expert validator, the average percentage value was 79% in the feasible category. The increase in digital pedagogical competence was 88.5% with a very feasible category in making educational content creation that increased 15%. Based on the data, it can be concluded that the development of Google Site web-based Natural Science learning media can improve teacher's digital pedagogical competence.

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of science literacy through the one student one video program and the impact of science literacy learning on students' science literacy skill and science learning outcome. The research subjects were fifth grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Purwodadi, Tembarak, Temanggung, Central Java. This research is action research with data collection of observation, interview, documentation, and test question. Data analysis technique is descriptive quantitative. The result showed an increase in students' science literacy skill and science learning outcome. Sawa Sado Program notably enhanced students' science literacy skills. Group 1 achieved a maximum improvement of 100% across all measured aspects, followed by Group 2 and 3, which also displayed substantial advancements. However, Group 4 showed greater variability in results, with varying improvements across different aspects. The Sawa Sado Program has generally succeeded in boosting students' science literacy skills. Nonetheless, the varied outcomes among the groups suggest different extents and patterns of improvement. This indicates the program's effectiveness but also underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the differing outcomes.

Covid 19 menyebabkan organisasi khususnya di bidang kesehatan mengalami masa kritis yang dapat menurunkan motivasi kinerja seseorang, apabila tidak memperlakukan karyawan secara tepat maka akan timbul turnover yang tinggi karena menurunnya komitmen karyawan, padahal organisasi tersebut membutuhkan karyawan-karyawannya untuk bangkit bersama. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh dari persepsi dukungan organisasi pada komitmen profesional melalui keterlibatan karyawan. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Jawa Timur dengan sasaran responden ahli di bidang kesehatan yaitu dokter, perawat, bidan dan apoteker. Responden yang terkumpul adalah 135 orang dengan metode purposive sampling. Semua variabel pengukuran menggunakan skala likert 5 poin yang melalui proses pengecekan validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis penelitian yang dipilih adalah PLS-SEM. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa konstruk yang dibangun telah valid dan reliabel sehingga dapat dilanjutkan dengan pengujian hipotesis yang membuktikan adanya pengaruh positif signifikan antara persepsi dukungan organisasi dengan keterlibatan karyawan, keterlibatan karyawan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap komitmen profesional, serta pengaruh positif secara signifikan mengenai persepsi dukungan organisasi terhadap komitmen profesional sehingga keterlibatan karyawan dapat memenuhi syarat sebagai mediator. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu ide strategi untuk pencapaian komitmen profesional, terutama organisasi di bidang kesehatan yang mempekerjakan tenaga profesional, namun penelitian ini masih mempunyai keterbatasan yaitu cangkupan bidang yang berfokus pada kesehatan, jumlah sampel, serta cangkupan wilayah.

Perkembangan Kesenian Can Macanan Kadduk di Kabupaten Jember yang semakin lama semakin memprihatinkan. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, perlu adanya sebuah tindakan untuk mempertahankan dan melestarikan Kesenian Can Macanan Kadduk di Kabupaten Jember. Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah Konsep habitus, modal dan ranah milik Pierre Bourdieu. Habitus, modal dan ranah tidak dapat dipisahkan, Habitus yang dilakukan oleh aktor tidak akan berjalan jika tidak diimbangi dengan modal yang dimiliki. Oleh karena itu modal memiliki peran dalam menentukan habitus yang dimiliki oleh aktor tersebut. Habitus dan modal dilakukan dalam sebuah ranah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah Deskriptif Kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah strategi yang dilakukan oleh PPST Bintang Timur dalam mempertahankan dan melestarikan Kesenian Can Macanan Kadduk ialah dengan menggunakan strategi reproduksi dan strategi rekonversi. Dari kedua strategi tersebut PPST Bintang Timur membuat sebuah kegiatan yakni melegalkan PPST Bintang Timur sebagai paguyuban yang sah secara hukum, mengadakan latihan rutin. Selain itu PPST Bintang Timur juga rutin mengadakan kegiatan arisan dan padang bulan. Kata Kunci: Kesenian Can Macanan Kadduk , Habitus, Modal, Ranah, Strategi Â

Abstract Background Cholera, a diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, transmitted through fecal contamination of water or food remains an ever-present risk in many countries, especially where water supply, sanitation, food safety, and hygiene are inadequate. A cholera outbreak was reported in Bauchi State, North-eastern Nigeria. We investigated the outbreak to determine the extent and assess risk factors associated with the outbreak. Methods We conducted a descriptive analysis of suspected cholera cases to determine the fatality rate (CFR), attack rate (AR), and trends/patterns of the outbreak. We also conducted a 1:2 unmatched case–control study to assess risk factors amongst 110 confirmed cases and 220 uninfected individuals (controls). We defined a suspected case as any person > 5 years with acute watery diarrhea with/without vomiting; a confirmed case as any suspected case in which there was laboratory isolation of Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 from the stool while control was any uninfected individual with close contact (same household) with a confirmed case. Children under 5 were not included in the case definition however, samples from this age group were collected where such symptoms had occurred and line-listed separately. Data were collected with an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Epi-info and Microsoft excel for frequencies, proportions, bivariate and multivariate analysis at a 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 9725 cases were line-listed with a CFR of 0.3% in the state. Dass LGA had the highest CFR (14.3%) while Bauchi LGA recorded the highest AR of 1,830 cases per 100,000 persons. Factors significantly associated with cholera infection were attending social gatherings (aOR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.16–3.59) and drinking unsafe water (aOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.07–2.83). Conclusion Attending social gatherings and drinking unsafe water were risk factors for cholera infection. Public health actions included chlorination of wells and distribution of water guard (1% chlorine solution) bottles to households and public education on cholera prevention. We recommend the provision of safe drinking water by the government as well as improved sanitary and hygienic conditions for citizens of the state.

Reclamation can be a source of social changes in fishing communities. This study aims to analyze the social structure, strategies for earning a living, and the level of welfare of the fishing community in Cilincing Fishers’ Village, North Jakarta during the post-reclamation period. The research was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were obtained by distributing questionnaires and then processed using the Paired-Sample T-test and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranking Test. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with informants. The results showed that the social structure of fishers in Cilincing remained the same before and after reclamation. In terms of the social associative process, there are significant differences between before and after reclamation. After-reclamation, there has been an increase in various togetherness activities such as cooperation, mutual assistance, and deliberation. In terms of livelihood strategies, some fishers have experienced changes after reclamation, for example by doing side jobs. From the welfare level, both catch and income experienced a significant decline. Keywords: fishers, livelihood strategy, reclamation, social structure, welfare.

Abstract Background Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) knowledge of multi-stranded cholera interventions (including case management, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), surveillance/laboratory methods, coordination, and vaccination) is crucial to the implementation of these interventions in healthcare facilities, especially in conflict-affected settings where cholera burden is particularly high. We aimed to assess Nigerian HCWs’ knowledge of cholera interventions and identify the associated factors. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire with HCWs from 120 healthcare facilities in Adamawa and Bauchi States, North-East Nigeria. A knowledge score was created by assigning a point for each correct response. HCWs’ knowledge of cholera interventions, calculated as a score, was recoded for ease of interpretation as follows: 0–50 (low); 51–70 (moderate); ≥ 71 (high). Additionally, we defined the inadequacy of HCWs’ knowledge of cholera interventions based on a policy-relevant threshold of equal or lesser than 75 scores for an intervention. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with the adequacy of knowledge score. Results Overall, 490 HCWs participated in the study (254 in Adamawa and 236 in Bauchi), with a mean age of 35.5 years. HCWs’ knowledge score was high for surveillance/laboratory methods, moderate for case management, WASH, and vaccination, and low for coordination. HCWs’ knowledge of coordination improved with higher cadre, working in urban- or peri-urban-based healthcare facilities, and secondary education; cholera case management and vaccination knowledge improved with post-secondary education, working in Bauchi State and urban areas, previous training in cholera case management and response to a cholera outbreak—working in peri-urban areas had a negative effect. HCWs’ knowledge of surveillance/laboratory methods improved with a higher cadre, 1-year duration in current position, secondary or post-secondary education, previous training in cholera case management and response to a cholera outbreak. However, HCWs’ current position had both positive and negative impacts on their WASH knowledge. Conclusions HCWs in both study locations recorded a considerable knowledge of multi-stranded cholera interventions. While HCWs’ demographic characteristics appeared irrelevant in determining their knowledge of cholera interventions, geographic location and experiences from the current position, training and involvement in cholera outbreak response played a significant role.

Artemisia annua L. produce an array of complex secondary plant metabolite including artemisinin (ART), which kills the principal malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, a compound of current interest in the treatments of drug resistant malaria. However, this compound remain expensive and hardy available on global scale. Synthesis of ART has been proved to be economically impossible. Therefore, increase in yield of natural occurring ART is necessary. The study evaluated the influence of soil types on germination, growth and artemisinin content of A. annua of Chen Young variety in Sokoto agro ecological region of Nigeria and. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2017 at Botanical garden of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The seeds were sown in plastic pots containing clay, sandy and loamy soils in completely randomized design with 4 replications. Germination percentage (G), Mean germination time (MT), Coefficient of variation of the germination time (CVt), Mean germination rate (MR), Uncertainty of germination (U) and Synchrony of germination (Z) were evaluated. Growth parameter and Artemisinin content were also determined. ART was determined and quantified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using calibration curve constructed by plotting the peak area against the concentration (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 µg/ml) of ART standard solutions. The results revealed that soil types had no significant effect on germination and growth parameters evaluated (P

Background Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare epithelial malignancy arising from the odorant receptors in the nasal mucosa or along the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. Clinical presentation includes nasal stuffiness, local pain, epistaxis, anosmia, visual impairment, proptosis, headache, and seizures. Radiologic imaging with CT or MRI, an ophthalmic evaluation, and histopathologic confirmation with immunohistochemistry are parts of the initial diagnostic workup. Although surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation have an equally important role in the management, earlier stages may preferably be treated with surgery or radiotherapy and the later stages with a multimodality approach. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 13 patients diagnosed with olfactory neuroblastoma, registered at Mehdi Nawaz Jung Regional Cancer Center over a decade (2010–2019). We analyzed the age and sex distribution, performance status at presentation, clinical symptomatology, and the Kadish stage. In addition, the therapeutic aspects of patients were studied. Results The most common presentation noted was nasal stuffiness, followed by epistaxis and proptosis. The majority of patients had good performance status at presentation. Ten patients presented with a Kadish stage C, while the remaining patients presented with Kadish stage B. Cervical nodal metastasis was seen in three patients, four patients received multimodality treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery, two patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiation, two patients received only surgery, and one patient received surgery followed by adjuvant radiation. Conformal radiation techniques were used to deliver doses as high as 50 to 66 Gy in 2 Gy per fraction. Two patients presented with distant metastasis during follow-up, one with bone metastasis, and the other with retroperitoneal nodal metastasis; they received palliative chemotherapy and conformal radiation to the primary site. Conclusion This study concludes that neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiation gives the best outcomes. It has been observed that in multi-modality treatment, radiotherapy played a significant role in improving overall survival and better outcomes. Multidisciplinary discussions provide a better sequencing of management.

Cold formed steel (CFS) channel sections are the sections which are widely using from last few decades and are designated as light gauge sections. Such sections are being widely utilized in industrial, commercial and residential purposes as a secondary bearing member. Further developments of thin walled members made it possible to use the CFS Sections as preliminary load carrying structural members. The reason is hot-rolled steel sections posses’ very low strength to weight ratio on CFS sections, and the production process of these sections is cost-effective and simple. This paper is about comparing the analysis results from CUFSM and ABAQUS of different channel sections. The loads will be applied at the edges of the members axially i.e., as a compression member with different boundary conditions.

In this present study we have studied about the strength enhancement of autoclaved aerated block by using natural pozzolanas. Fly ash has been partially replaced with GGBS. GGBS has been used in place of fly ash at percentages of 6%, 12%, and 18% of the total amount of fly ash plus super plasticizer. GGBS improves resistance to damage from alkali silica reaction. It also reduces the thermal cracking. The role of super plasticizer is to reduce the water content in block.we have used 1% of super plastizer to the 1 litre of water. Each block's compressive strength is measured and computed for varying fly ash and GGBS ratios. It has been observed that replacing GGBS with 12% yields higher compressive strength than replacing it with 6% or 18%.

Sparkgap are most widely used closing switches in various high-voltage pulsed power systems and its reliable operation at desired voltage level is very essential. Conventionally by adjusting the filling gas pressure inside sparkgap switch, breakdown voltage level is altered but switching characteristics such as stability in hold-off voltage at various pressures, breakdown delay, plasma channel formation, and erosion rate are mainly dictated by adopted electrode profile and its dimensions, inter-electrode gap length and polarity. In this paper, experimental results obtained on breakdown characteristics of four different electrode geometries—Plane Parallel, Hemi-spherical, Bruce, and Rogowski and also a generalized criterion for fixing major dimensions of electrode and inter-gap length to ensure uniform electric field in the inter-electrode region are reported. All electrodes are of brass material and have common radius and thickness of 25 mm and 18 mm, respectively (surface finish 2) gas pressurization up to 50 psi reveal that among all profiles, Rogowski performs most reliably having stable hold-off voltage in wide operating range. Hold-off voltage magnitude and breakdown delay was commonly obtained higher for negative polarity in all trials. A comprehensive overview of experimental investigation reported herein compares suitability of various electrode profiles and polarity for reliable switching.

This work relates to the reduction of a noninteger commensurate high dimensional system. The essential objective of this article is to come up with an approximating technique to replace the original high dimensional system with a low dimensional model preserving the properties of the original system in its shortened model. Superiority of the proposed technique is exhibited by correlating the reduced model with the models of other current methods. The simulation results are cited to approve that the recommended technique has high efficiency with a closing value of time-domain specifications. Conclusively, more logical comparisons were made between other existing methods. The performance indices are calculated for both original system and reduced model system and presented in the manuscript.