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3. NOAA’S HURRICANE INTENSITY FORECASTING EXPERIMENT : A Progress Report

Author

Rogers, Robert, Aberson, Sim, Aksoy, Altug, Annane, Bachir, Black, Michael, Cione, Joseph, Dorst, Neal, Dunion, Jason, Gamache, John, Goldenberg, Stan, Gopalakrishnan, Sundararaman, Kaplan, John, Klotz, Bradley, Lorsolo, Sylvie, Marks, Frank, Murillo, Shirley, Powell, Mark, Reasor, Paul, Sellwood, Kathryn, Uhlhorn, Eric, Vukicevic, Tomislava, Zhang, Jun, and Zhang, Xuejin

Published
2013

4. A Reanalysis of the 1911–20 Atlantic Hurricane Database

Author

Landsea, Christopher W., Glenn, David A., Bredemeyer, William, Chenoweth, Michael, Ellis, Ryan, Gamache, John, Hufstetler, Lyle, Mock, Cary, Perez, Ramon, Prieto, Ricardo, Sánchez-Sesma, Jorge, Thomas, Donna, and Woolcock, Lenworth

Published
2008

5. Accomplishments of NOAA’s Airborne Hurricane Field Program and a Broader Future Approach to Forecast Improvement

Author

Zawislak, Jonathan, primary, Rogers, Robert F., additional, Aberson, Sim D., additional, Alaka, Ghassan J., additional, Alvey, George R., additional, Aksoy, Altug, additional, Bucci, Lisa, additional, Cione, Joseph, additional, Dorst, Neal, additional, Dunion, Jason, additional, Fischer, Michael, additional, Gamache, John, additional, Gopalakrishnan, Sundararaman, additional, Hazelton, Andrew, additional, Holbach, Heather M., additional, Kaplan, John, additional, Leighton, Hua, additional, Marks, Frank, additional, Murillo, Shirley T., additional, Reasor, Paul, additional, Ryan, Kelly, additional, Sellwood, Kathryn, additional, Sippel, Jason A., additional, and Zhang, Jun A., additional

Published
2022
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9. Simulation of the Impact of New Aircraft-and Satellite-based Ocean Surface Wind Measurements on Wind Analyses and Numerical Forecasts

Author

Miller, TImothy, Atlas, Robert, Black, Peter, Chen, Shuyi, Jones, Linwood, Ruf, Chris, Uhlhorn, Eric, Gamache, John, Amarin, Ruba, El-Nimri, Salem, Buckley, Courtney, Krishnamurti, T. N, and Inglish, Cerese

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

The Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) is a new airborne microwave remote sensor for hurricane observations that is currently under development by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, NOAA Hurricane Research Division, the University of Central Florida and the University of Michigan. HIRAD is being designed to enhance the realtime airborne ocean surface winds observation capabilities of NOAA and USAF Weather Squadron hurricane hunter aircraft currently using the operational airborne Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR). Unlike SFMR, which measures wind speed and rain rate along the ground track directly beneath the aircraft, HIRAD will provide images of the surface wind and rain field over a wide swath (approx. 3 x the aircraft altitude). The present paper describes a set of Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) in which measurements from the new instrument as well as those from existing instruments (air, surface, and space-based) are simulated from the output of a detailed numerical model, and those results are used to construct H*Wind analyses, a product of the Hurricane Research Division of NOAA s Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Evaluations will be presented on the impact of the HIRAD instrument on H*Wind analyses, both in terms of adding it to the full suite of current measurements, as well as using it to replace instrument(s) that may not be functioning at the future time the HIRAD instrument is implemented. Also shown will be preliminary results of numerical weather prediction OSSEs in which the impact of the addition of HIRAD observations to the initial state on numerical forecasts of the hurricane intensity and structure is assessed.

Published
2010

10. Water budget

Author

Gamache, John F., Houze, Robert A., Jr., and Marks, Frank D., Jr.

Subjects
Hurricanes -- Research, Hydraulic measurements -- Research, Condensation (Meteorology) -- Measurement, Evaporation -- Measurement, Precipitation (Meteorology) -- Measurement, Earth sciences, Science and technology
Abstract

The hydrometeor water budget of Hurricane Norbert on 24 September 1984 is computed using two microphysical retrieval techniques. Three-dimensional distributions of condensation, evaporation, precipitation, and advection of cloud and precipitation are computed, and a bulk water budget is computed as the volume integral of these distributions. The role of the microphysical retrievals is to provide the three-dimensional distribution of cloud water content, since it cannot be determined with the equipment available. Both retrieval methods use the steady-state continuity equation for water. The first method determines precipitation formation mechanisms from the radar-reflectivity and Doppler wind fields. The cloud water content is determined, through microphysical modeling, to be the amount necessary to explain the rate of precipitation formation. The second method (that of Hauser et al.) solves the water continuity equations as a boundary value problem, while also employing microphysical modeling. This method is applied in three dimensions for the first time. Asymmetries in the water budget of Hurricane Norbert were important, apparently accounting for nearly half the net condensation. The most condensation and heaviest precipitation was to the left of the storm track, while the strongest evaporation was to the rear of the storm. Many of the downdrafts were unsaturated because they were downwind of the precipitation maximum where little water was available for evaporation. Since the evaporation in the downdrafts was significantly less than the condensation in their counterpart updrafts, net condensation (bulk condensation-bulk evaporation) was significantly greater than would be implied by the net upward mass flux. Much of the vapor required to account for the greater bulk condensation appears to have come from enhanced sea surface evaporation under the dry downdraft air to the right of the storm track. The net outflow of condensate from the storm inner core was quite small, although there were appreciable outward and inward horizontal fluxes at certain locations. A maximum of ice outflow to the left of the storm track in the front of the storm corresponded well to the ice particle trajectories that Houze et al. suggested were feeding the stratiform precipitation found farther outward from the storm center.

Published
1993

11. Kinematic structure

Author

Marks, Frank D., Jr., Houze, Robert A., Jr., and Gamache, John F.

Subjects
Hurricanes -- Research, Winds -- Analysis, Doppler radar -- Usage, Earth sciences, Science and technology
Published
1992

13. NOAA's Hurricane Intensity Forecasting Experiment (IFEX): A Progress Report

Author

Rogers, Robert, primary, Aberson, Sim, additional, Aksoy, Altug, additional, Annane, Bachir, additional, Black, Michael, additional, Cione, Joseph, additional, Dorst, Neal, additional, Dunion, Jason, additional, Gamache, John, additional, Goldenberg, Stan, additional, Gopalakrishnan, Sundararaman, additional, Kaplan, John, additional, Klotz, Bradley, additional, Lorsolo, Sylvie, additional, Marks, Frank, additional, Murillo, Shirley, additional, Powell, Mark, additional, Reasor, Paul, additional, Sellwood, Kathryn, additional, Uhlhorn, Eric, additional, Vukicevic, Tomislava, additional, Yeh, Kevin, additional, Zhang, Jun, additional, and Zhang, Xuejin, additional

Published
2012
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