Search

The stable operating range of a centrifugal compressor stage of an engine turbocharger is limited at low mass flow rates by aerodynamic instabilities which can lead to the onset of rotating stall or surge. There have been many techniques employed to increase the stable operating range of centrifugal compressor stages. The literature demonstrates that there are various possibilities for adding special treatments to the nominal diffuser vane geometry, or including injection or bleed flows to modify the diffuser flow field in order to influence diffuser stability. One such treatment is the porous throat diffuser (PTD). Although the benefits of this technique have been proven in the existing literature, a comprehensive understanding of how this technique operates is not yet available. This paper uses experimental measurements from a high pressure ratio (PR) compressor stage to acquire a sound understanding of the flow features within the vaned diffuser which affect the stability of the overall compression system and investigate the stabilizing mechanism of the porous throat diffuser. The nonuniform circumferential pressure imposed by the asymmetric volute is experimentally and numerically examined to understand if this provides a preferential location for stall inception in the diffuser. The following hypothesis is confirmed: linking of the diffuser throats via the side cavity equalizes the diffuser throat pressure, thus creating a more homogeneous circumferential pressure distribution, which delays stall inception to lower flow rates. The results of the porous throat diffuser configuration are compared to a standard vaned diffuser compressor stage in terms of overall compressor performance parameters, circumferential pressure nonuniformity at various locations through the compressor stage and diffuser subcomponent analysis. The diffuser inlet region was found to be the element most influenced by the porous throat diffuser, and the stability limit is mainly governed by this element. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of books on accounting, business methods, investments and the exchanges. There are three books "Principles of Cost Accounting," "Elementary Accounting Problems," and " "Principles of Accounting," by John Raymond Wildman, which are grown out of his experience as a teacher of accounting in the New York University School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance. The third book displays a wide range of knowledge of accounting problems and practice as well as of legal cases involving points of accounting theory. Other books on the topic are "Advertising. Its Principles and Practice," by Hary Tipper, "The Business of Advertising," by Earnest Elmo Calkins, "The Elementary Laws of Advertising and How to Use Them," by Henry S. Bunting, "Advertising. Selling the Consumer," by John Lee Mahin, "The New Business," by Harry Tipper," "Principles of Depreciation," by Earl A. Saluers, "Business Economics," by Ernest L. Bogart and "Scientific Management: A History of Criticism," by Horace Bookwalter Daury.