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A translated version of the CES-Depression scale attained a reliability coefficient alpha of 0.92 in a group of 30 adult Chinese persons with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Fifteen percent of the sample scored 16 or above, which has been noted as indicative of depression in U.S. samples. The validity of the instrument was assessed through an in-depth content analysis and through convergent validity analyses. Comparison of depression scores of this sample with those from English-speaking Occidentals shows that diabetes disease-related factors may be an important influence on depression., A reliability coefficient alpha of 0.92 in a group of 30 adult Chinese with noninsulin-dependent diabetes melitus resulted from an improvised CES-Depression scale. Diabetes disease-linked factors may affect depression, as suggested by a comparison of depression scores of this sample with those of English-speaking Occidentals.

Three questions about the role of perceived control in coping with a major life stressor were addressed in a sample of 71 cancer patients. As expected, those with greater perceptions of control were less depressed, even when physical functioning, marital satisfaction, and negative affectivity were controlled for. Consistent with a compensatory model of control, it was more important for patients to believe that they could control daily emotional reactions and physical symptoms than the course of the disease. Patients who endorsed irrational beliefs had lower overall perceptions of control. The results indicated that even patients who were physically or psychosocially worse off were better adjusted if they had higher perceptions of control.