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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq We present an analysis of gas ionisation and kinematics for nine Red Geysers selected from the MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory) survey of SDSS-IV (Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV) and observed with the GMOS (Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs) integral field unit (IFU) from the Gemini North telescope. Red Geysers are quiescent galaxies with galactic scale ionised outflows, likely due to low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). The GMOS-IFU observations were obtained for the nuclear region of these galaxies in the inner ∼1–3 kpc. The main goals of this work are the investigation of the gas ionisation source and the presence of biconical outflows originating in a precessing accretion disc in Red Geyser galaxies. The emission-line ratios suggest the presence of Seyfert/LINER (LowIonisation Nuclear Emission Region) nuclei in all sources. Two galaxies show Hα equivalent width (Hα EW) larger than 3 Å (indicative of AGN ionisation) within an aperture 2.5′′ of diameter (1.3–3.7 kpc at the distance of galaxies) for MaNGA data, while with the higher resolution GMOS data, four galaxies present Hα EW> 3 Å within an aperture equal to the angular resolution (0.3–0.9 kpc). For two objects with GMOS-IFU data, the Hα EW is lower than 3 Å but larger than 1.5 Å, most probably due to a faint AGN. The spatially resolved electron density maps show values between 100–3000 cm−3 and are consistent with those determined for the NLR (Narrow-Line Region) and outflows in other studies. The [N II]λ6583 emission-line profiles are asymmetrical for the six galaxies with extended emission, with blue wings on the redshifted side of the velocity field and red wings on the blueshifted side. A biconical outflow can cause these asymmetries. The large (MaNGA) and the nuclear scale (GMOS-IFU) gas velocity fields are misaligned, with a kinematic position angle difference between 12◦–60◦ determined using the FIT KINEMATICS PA method and 13◦–49◦ when calculated the mean value of radial profiles of the kinematic position angle. Furthermore, the variation of radial profiles of the kinematic position angle with distance from the nuclear region is continuous when we combine the values determined from the GMOS-IFU and MaNGA velocity fields. Besides that, the observed variation in the kinematic position angle is consistent with outflows originating in a precessing accretion disc as proposed for the Akira galaxy, the prototype of the Red Geyser class. Thus, our results support previous indications that the gas in Red Geysers is ionised by an AGN, at least in their central region, with the presence of outflows, likely originating in a precessing accretion disc. Apresentamos uma análise da ionização e da cinemática do gás para nove Red Geysers selecionadas do levantamento MaNGA (Mapping Near Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory) do SDSS-IV (Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV) e observadas com a unidade de campo integral (IFUIntegral Field Unit) do GMOS (Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs ) do telescópio Gemini Norte. As Red Geysers são galáxias quiescentes com outflows de gás ionizado vistos em escalas galácticas, provavelmente oriundos de núcleos galácticos ativos (AGN-Active Galactic Nuclei) de baixa luminosidade. As observações do GMOS-IFU foram obtidas para a região nuclear dessas galáxias no interior de ∼1–3 kpc. Os principais objetivos desse trabalho são investigar a fonte de ionização do gás e a presença de outflows bicônicos originados em um disco de acreção em precessão em galáxias Red Geysers. As razões das linhas de emissão sugerem a presença de núcleos Seyfert/LINER (Low- Ionisation Nuclear Emission Region) em todas as fontes. Duas galáxias mostram largura equivalente Hα (Hα EW) maior que 3 Å (indicativo de ionização por AGN) dentro de uma abertura de 2.5′′ de diâmetro (1.3–3.7 kpc à distância das galáxias) para os dados MaNGA, enquanto com os dados do GMOS de maior resolução, quatro galáxias apresentam Hα EW> 3 Å dentro de uma abertura igual à resolução angular (0.3–0.9 kpc). Para dois objetos com dados do GMOS-IFU, o valor de Hα EW é menor que 3 Å mas maior que 1.5 Å, provavelmente devido a um AGN fraco. Os mapas de densidade eletrônica resolvidos espacialmente mostram valores entre 100–3000 cm−3 e são consistentes com aqueles determinados para a NLR (Narrow-Line Region) e outflows em outros estudos. Os perfis da linha de emissão do [N II]λ6583 são assimétricos para as seis galáxias com emissão estendida, com asas azuis no lado em redshift do campo de velocidade e asas vermelhas no lado em blueshift. Um outflow bicônico pode causar essas assimetrias. Os campos de velocidade do gás em escala galáctica (MaNGA) e escala nuclear (GMOS-IFU) estão desalinhados, com uma diferença do ângulo de posição cinemático entre 12◦–60◦ determinada usando o método FIT KINEMATICS PA e entre 13◦–49◦ quando calculado o valor médio dos perfis radiais do ângulo de posição cinemático. Além disso, a variação dos perfis radiais do ângulo de posição cinemático com a distância ao núcleo é contínua quando combinamos os valores determinados a partir dos campos de velocidades do GMOS-IFU e do MaNGA. A variação observada no ângulo de posição cinemático é consistente com ventos originados em um disco de acreção em precessão como proposto para a galáxia Akira, o protótipo da classe de Red Geysers. Assim, nossos resultados corroboram os indicativos anteriores de que o gás em Red Geysers é ionizado por um AGN, pelo menos em sua região central, com a presença de outflows, provavelmente originados em um disco de acreção em precessão.

For the first time, the helium abundance relative to hydrogen (He/H), which relied on direct measurements of the electron temperature, has been derived in the narrow line regions (NLRs) from a local sample of Seyfert 2 nuclei. In view of this, optical emission line intensities [3000 < λ(Å)

We have used Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images, SAURON Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS), and adaptative optics assisted Gemini NIFS near-infrared K-band IFS to map the stellar and gas distribution, excitation and kinematics of the inner few kpc of the nearby edge-on S0 galaxy NGC 4111. The HST images map its ≈450 pc diameter dusty polar ring, with an estimated gas mass ≥107 M . The NIFS data cube maps the inner 110 pc radius at ≈7 pc spatial resolution, revealing a ≈220 pc diameter polar ring in hot (2267 ± 166 K) molecular H2 1–0 S(1) gas embedded in the polar ring. The stellar velocity field shows disc-dominated kinematics along the galaxy plane both in the SAURON large scale and in the NIFS nuclear-scale data. The large-scale [O III] λ5007 Å velocity field shows a superposition of two disc kinematics: one similar to that of the stars and another along the polar ring, showing non-circular motions that seem to connect with the velocity field of the nuclear H2 ring, whose kinematics indicate accelerated inflow to the nucleus. The estimated mass inflow rate is enough not only to feed an active galactic nucleus (AGN) but also to trigger circumnuclear star formation in the near future. We propose a scenario in which gas from the polar ring, which probably originated from the capture of a dwarf galaxy, is moving inwards and triggering an AGN, as supported by the local X-ray emission, which seems to be the source of the H2 1–0 S(1) excitation. The fact that we see neither near-UV nor Br γ emission suggests that the nascent AGN is still deeply buried under the optically thick dust of the polar ring.

We derive the metallicity (traced by the O/H abundance) of the narrow-line region (NLR) of 108 Seyfert galaxies as well as radial metallicity gradients along their galaxy discs and of these of a matched control sample of no active galaxies. In view of that, observational data from the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey and strong emission-line calibrations taken from the literature were considered. The metallicity obtained for the NLRs was compared to the value derived from the extrapolation of the radial oxygen abundance gradient, obtained from H II region estimates along the galaxy disc, to the central part of the host galaxies. We find that, for most of the objects (∼ 80 per cent), the NLR metallicity is lower than the extrapolated value, with the average difference ( D ) between these estimates ranging from 0.16 to 0.30 dex. We suggest that D is due to the accretion of metal-poor gas to the AGN that feeds the nuclear supermassive black hole (SMBH), which is drawn from a reservoir molecular and/or neutral hydrogen around the SMBH. Additionally, we look for correlations between D and the electron density (Ne), [O III]λ5007, and H α luminosities, extinction coefficient (AV) of the NLRs, as well as the stellar mass (M∗) of the host galaxies. Evidence of an inverse correlation between the D and the parameters Ne, M∗, and Av was found.

We use Gemini Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) adaptive optics assisted data cubes to map the stellar population of the inner few hundred parsec of a sample of 18 nearby Seyfert galaxies. The near-infrared light is dominated by the contribution of young to intermediate-age stellar populations, with light-weighted mean ages ‹t›L ≲ 1.5 Gyr. Hot dust (HD) emission is centrally peaked (in the unresolved nucleus), but it is also needed to reproduce the continuum beyond the nucleus in nearly half of the sample. We have analysed the stellar population properties of the nuclear region and their relation with more global properties of the galaxies. We find a correlation between the X-ray luminosity and the contributions from the HD, featureless continuum (FC), and reddening AV. We attribute these correlations to the fact that all these properties are linked to the mass accretion rate to the active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We also find a correlation of the bolometric luminosity log(LBolobs) with the mass-weighted mean age of the stellar population, interpreted as due a delay between the formation of new stars and the triggering/feeding of the AGN. The gas reaching the supermassive black hole is probably originated from mass loss from the already somewhat evolved intermediate-age stellar population (‹t›L ≲ 1.5 Gyr). In summary, our results show that there is a significant fraction of young to intermediate-age stellar populations in the inner few 100 pc of active galaxies, suggesting that this region is facing a rejuvenation process in which the AGN, once triggered, precludes further star formation, in the sense that it can be associated with the lack of new star formation in the nuclear region.

Context. Feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in general seems to play an important role in the evolution of galaxies, although the impact of AGN winds on their host galaxies is still unknown in the absence of a detailed analysis. Aims. We aim to analyse the kinematics of a sample of 170 AGN host galaxies as compared to those of a matched control sample of non-active galaxies from the MaNGA survey in order to characterise and estimate the extents of the narrow-line region (NLR) and of the kinematically disturbed region (KDR) by the AGN. Methods. We defined the observed NLR radius (rNLR,o) as the farthest distance from the nucleus within which both [O iii]/Hβ and [N ii]/Hα ratios fall in the AGN region of the BPT diagram, and the Hα equivalent width was required to be larger than 3.0 Å. The extent of the KDR (rKDR,o) is defined as the distance from the nucleus within which the AGN host galaxies show a more disturbed gas kinematics than the control galaxies. Results. The AGN [O iii]λ5007 luminosity ranges from 1039 to 1041 erg s−1 , and the kinematics derived from the [O iii] line profiles reveal that, on average, the most luminous AGNs (L[O iii] > 3.8×1040 erg s−1 ) possess higher residual differences between the gaseous and stellar velocities and velocitie dispersions than their control galaxies in all the radial bins. Spatially resolved NLRs and KDRs were found in 55 and 46 AGN host galaxies, with corrected radii 0.2 < rKDR,c < 2.3 kpc and 0.4 < rNLR,c < 10.1 kpc and a relation between the two given by log rKDR,c = (0.53 ± 0.12) log rNLR,c + (1.07 ± 0.22), respectively. On average, the extension of the KDR corresponds to about 30% of that of the NLR. Assuming that the KDR is due to an AGN outflow, we have estimated ionised gas mass outflow rates that range between 10−5 and ∼1 M yr−1 , and kinetic powers that range from 1034 to 1040 erg s−1 . Conclusions. Comparing the power of the AGN ionised outflows with the AGN luminosities, they are always below the 0.05 LAGN model threshold for having an important feedback effect on their respective host galaxies. The mass outflow rates (and power) of our AGN sample correlate with their luminosities, populating the lowest AGN luminosity range of the correlations previously found for more powerful sources.

Ionized gas kinematics provide crucial evidence of the impact that active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have in regulating star formation in their host galaxies. Although the presence of outflows in AGN host galaxies has been firmly established, the calculation of outflow properties such as mass outflow rates and kinetic energy remains challenging. We present the [O III]λ5007 ionized gas outflow properties of 22 z

We study the gas distribution and kinematics of the inner kpc of six moderately luminous (43.43 ≤ log Lbol ≤ 44.83) nearby (0.004 ≤ z ≤ 0.014) Seyfert galaxies observed with the Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) in the J (⁠1.25μm) and K (⁠2.2μm) bands. We analyse the most intense emission lines detected on these spectral wavebands: [Fe ii] 1.2570μm and Paβ, which trace the ionized gas in the partially and fully ionized regions, and H2 2.1218μm, which traces the hot (∼2000 K) molecular gas. The dominant kinematic component is rotation in the disc of the galaxies, except for the ionized gas in NGC 5899 that shows only weak signatures of a disc component. We find ionized gas outflow in four galaxies, while signatures of H2 outflows are seen in three galaxies. The ionized gas outflows display velocities of a few hundred km s−1, and their mass outflow rates are in the range 0.005–12.49 M⊙ yr−1. Their kinetic powers correspond to 0.005–0.7 per cent of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) bolometric luminosities. Besides rotation and outflows signatures in some cases, the H2 kinematics also reveals inflows in three galaxies. The inflow velocities are 50–80 km s−1 and the mass inflow rates are in the range 1–9 × 10−4 M⊙ yr−1 for hot molecular gas. These inflows might be only the hot skin of the total inflowing gas, which is expected to be dominated by colder gas. The mass inflow rates are lower than the current accretion rates to the AGN, and the ionized outflows are apparently disturbing the gas in the inner kpc.

In this work, we study the optical properties of compact radio sources selected from the literature in order to determine the impact of the radio-jet in their circumnuclear environment. Our sample includes 58 Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) and GigaHertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and 14 Megahertz-Peaked spectrum (MPS) radio sources located at z ≤ 1. The radio luminosity (LR) of the sample varies between Log LR ∼ 23.2 and 27.7 W Hz−1. We obtained optical spectra for all sources from SDSS-DR12 and performed a stellar population synthesis using the STARLIGHT code. We derived stellar masses (M ), ages t , star formation rates (SFR), metallicities Z and internal reddening AV for all young AGNs of our sample. A visual inspection of the SDSS images was made to assign a morphological class for each source. Our results indicate that the sample is dominated by intermediate to old stellar populations and there is no strong correlation between optical and radio properties of these sources. Also, we found that young AGNs can be hosted by elliptical, spiral and interacting galaxies, confirming recent findings. When comparing the optical properties of CSS/GPS and MPS sources, we do not find any significant difference. Finally, the Mid-Infrared WISE colours analysis suggests that the compact radio sources defined as powerful AGNs are, in general, gas-rich systems.

Sub-arcsecond imaging of the X-ray emission in the type 2 AGN Mrk 78 with Chandra shows complex structure with spectral variations on scales from $\sim$200 pc to $\sim$ 2 kpc. Overall the X-ray emission is aligned E-W with the radio (3.6 cm) and narrow emission line region as mapped in [OIII], with a marked E-W asymmetry. The Eastern X-ray emission is mostly in a compact knot coincident with the location where the radio source is deflected, while the Western X-ray emission forms a loop or shell $\sim$2 kpc from the nucleus with radius $\sim$0.7 kpc. There is suggestive evidence of shocks in both the Eastern knot and the Western arc. Both these positions coincide with large changes in the velocities of the [OIII] outflow. We discuss possible reasons why the X-ray shocks on the Western side occur $\sim1$ kpc farther out than on the Eastern side. We estimate that the thermal energy injected by the shocks into the interstellar medium corresponds to $0.05-0.6$% of the AGN bolometric luminosity., Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES In the current paradigm nuclear activity in a galaxy happens when the central Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) is being fed by an accretion disk of gas. The spectral signature of the accretion disk is the presence of broad double-peaked Balmer emission lines, as seen in the optical spectra from the AGN of the galaxy Pictor A. In this work it is presented a dataset of 18 spectroscopic observations corresponding to a 12 year monitoring of the Ha double-peak profile of the Pictor A galaxy, with the goal of studying the variability of the profile in short and long time scales. For this purpose, measurements were performed in the double-peak profile using the IFSCUBE software, which indicated that variations of the integrated flux of the broad line occur in short time scales, on the order of 40 days, and also that significant variations in the relative intensity of the red and blue sides of the profile occurs on time scales of years. The physical scenario proposed to explain the observed variations is a scenario in which the doublepeaked profile originates in an accretion disk with Keplerian and relativistic orbits, is inclined with respect to the plane of sky, and has an axially asymmetric surface emissivity with a radius of maximum emissivity. In order to make the theoretical time scales of the accretion disk to agree with the observed time scales of variability of the double-peaked profile, it is required that the gas in the disk orbits a SMBH with a mass of M 2 108M . In this scenario the physical extent of the line emitting region is in the range from 6–48 light-days. No paradigma atual a atividade nuclear em galáxias acontece quando o Buraco Negro Supermassivo (SMBH) central está sendo alimentado por um disco de acreção de gás. A assinatura espectral do disco de acreção é a presença de linhas largas da série de Balmer em duplo-pico, como pode ser visto nos espectros óticos do AGN da galáxia Pictor A. Neste trabalho é apresentado um conjunto de dados de 18 observações espectroscópicas correspondente a um monitoramento realizado ao longo de 12 anos para o perfil em duplo-pico de Ha da galáxia Pictor A, com o objetivo de estudar a variabilidade do perfil em curta e longa escalas de tempo. Para este fim, foram realizadas medidas no perfil em duplo-pico utilizando do software IFSCUBE, que indicaram que variações do fluxo integrado da linha larga acontecem em escalas de tempo curta, da ordem de 40 dias, e também que variações significativas nas intensidades relativas do lado vermelho e azul do perfil acontecem em escalas de tempo de anos. O cenário físico proposto para explicar as variações observadas é o cenário em que o perfil em duplo-pico se origina em um disco de acreção com órbitas Keplerianas e relativísticas, inclinado em relação ao plano do céu, e com emissividade superficial axialmente assimétrica com um raio de máxima emissividade. Para que as escalas de tempo teóricas do disco de acreção estejam de acordo com as escalas de tempo de variação observadas para o perfil em duplo-pico é necessário que o gás no disco orbite um SMBH com uma massa de M 2 108M . Neste cenário a extensão física da região emissora da linha se estende de 6–48 dia-luz.

We analyse optical datacubes of the inner kiloparsec of 30 local ($z\le0.02$) active galactic nuclei (AGN) hosts that our research group, AGNIFS, has collected over the past decade via observations with the integral field units of the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs. Spatial resolutions range between $50~{\rm pc}$ and $300~{\rm pc}$ and spectral coverage is from $4800~\mathring{A}$ or $5600~\mathring{A}$ to $7000~\mathring{A}$, at velocity resolutions of $\approx 50~{\rm km~s^{-1}}$. We derive maps of the gas excitation and kinematics, determine the AGN ionisation axis -- which has random orientation relative to the galaxy, and the kinematic major axes of the emitting gas. We find that rotation dominates the gas kinematics in most cases, but is disturbed by the presence of inflows and outflows. Outflows have been found in 21 nuclei, usually along the ionisation axis. The gas velocity dispersion is traced by $W_{80}$ (velocity width encompassing 80 per cent of the line flux), adopted as a tracer of outflows. In 7 sources $W_{80}$ is enhanced perpendicularly to the ionisation axis, indicating lateral expansion of the outflow. We have estimated mass-outflow rates $\dot{M}$ and powers $\dot{E}$, finding median values of $\log\,[\dot{M}/({\rm\,M_\odot\,yr^{-1}})]=-2.1_{-1.0}^{+1.6}$ and $\log\,[\dot{E}/({\rm\,erg\,s^{-1}})]=38.5_{-0.9}^{+1.8}$, respectively. Both quantities show a mild correlation with the AGN luminosity ($L_{\rm AGN}$). $\dot{E}$ is of the order of 0.01 $L_{\rm AGN}$ for 4 sources, but much lower for the majority (9) of the sources, with a median value of $\log\,[\dot{E}/L_{\rm AGN}]=-5.34_{-0.9}^{+3.2}$ indicating that typical outflows in the local Universe are unlikely to significantly impact their host galaxy evolution.

The relation between nuclear ($\lesssim$ 50 pc) star formation and nuclear galactic activity is still elusive: theoretical models predict a link between the two, but it is unclear whether active galactic nuclei (AGNs) should appear at the same time, before or after nuclear star formation activity is ongoing. We present a study of this relation in a complete, volume-limited sample of nine of the most luminous ($\log L_{\rm 14-195 keV} > 10^{42.5}$ erg/s) local AGNs (the LLAMA sample), including a sample of 18 inactive control galaxies (6 star-forming; 12 passive) that are matched by Hubble type, stellar mass (9.5 $\lesssim$ log M_star/M_sun $\lesssim$ 10.5), inclination and distance. This allows us to calibrate our methods on the control sample and perform a differential analysis between the AGN and control samples. We perform stellar population synthesis on VLT/X-SHOOTER spectra in an aperture corresponding to a physical radius of $\approx$ 150 pc. We find young ($\lesssim$ 30 Myr) stellar populations in seven out of nine AGNs and in four out of six star-forming control galaxies. In the non-star-forming control population, in contrast, only two out of twelve galaxies show such a population. We further show that these young populations are not indicative of ongoing star-formation, providing evidence for models that see AGN activity as a consequence of nuclear star formation. Based on the similar nuclear star-formation histories of AGNs and star-forming control galaxies, we speculate that the latter may turn into the former for some fraction of their time. Under this assumption, and making use of the volume-completeness of our sample, we infer that the AGN phase lasts for about 5 % of the nuclear starburst phase., 53 pages, 44 figures, accepted for publication by A&A

The role of radio mode feedback in non radio-loud quasars needs to be explored in depth to determine its true importance. Its effects can be identified based on the evidence of interactions between the radio structures and the ambient ionised gas. We investigate this in a sample of 13 optically selected type-2 quasars (QSO2) at z, 32 pages, 39 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Agradecimentos: We thank the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions that improved the manuscript. XL thanks A. Barth, S. Dodelson, S. Gezari, and A. Palmese for comments; and B. Fields, C. Gammie, K. Gültekin, Z. Haiman, D. Lai, A. Loeb, D. D’Orazio, S. Tremaine, and X.-J. Zhu for discussions; and LCO director Tod Boroson for granting us DDT observation. W.-T. L is supported in part by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s Data-Driven Discovery Initiative through grant GBMF4561 to Matthew Turk and the government scholarship to study aboard from the ministry of education of Taiwan. YCC and XL acknowledge a Center for Advanced Study Beckman fellowship and support from the University of Illinois campus research board. YCC is supported by the government scholarship to study aboard from the ministry of education of Taiwan and the Illinois Survey Science Fellowship. AMH is supported by the DOE NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship under grant number DE-NA0003864. YS acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and NSF grant AST-1715579. This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A and M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciênciae Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. We are grateful for the extraordinary contributions of our CTIO colleagues and the DECam Construction, Commissioning and Science Verification teams in achieving the excellent instrument and telescope conditions that have made this work possible. The success of this project also relies critically on the expertise and dedication of the DES Data Management group. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org. SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatories of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatário Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University Abstract: Binary supermassive black holes (BSBHs) are expected to be a generic byproduct from hierarchical galaxy formation. The final coalescence of BSBHs is thought to be the loudest gravitational wave (GW) siren, yet no confirmed BSBH is known in the GW-dominated regime. While periodic quasars have been proposed as BSBH candidates, the physical origin of the periodicity has been largely uncertain. Here, we report discovery of a periodicity (p = 1607 +/- 7 d) at 99.95 per cent significance (with a global p value of similar to 10(-3) accounting for the look elsewhere effect) in the optical light curves of a redshift 1.53 quasar, SDSS J025214.67-002813.7. Combining archival Sloan Digital Sky Survey data with new, sensitive imaging from the Dark Energy Survey, the total similar to 20-yr time baseline spans similar to 4.6 cycles of the observed 4.4-yr (rest frame 1.7-yr) periodicity. The light curves are best fit by a bursty model predicted by hydrodynamic simulations of circumbinary accretion discs. The periodicity is likely caused by accretion rate modulation by a milli-parsec BSBH emitting GWs, dynamically coupled to the circumbinary accretion disc. A bursty hydrodynamic variability model is statistically preferred over a smooth, sinusoidal model expected from relativistic Doppler boost, a kinematic effect proposed for PG1302-102. Furthermore, the frequency dependence of the variability amplitudes disfavours Doppler boost, lending independent support to the circumbinary accretion variability hypothesis. Given our detection rate of one BSBH candidate from circumbinary accretion variability out of 625 quasars, it suggests that future large, sensitive synoptic surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time may be able to detect hundreds to thousands of candidate BSBHs from circumbinary accretion with direct implications for Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. FINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEP FUNDAÇÃO CARLOS CHAGAS FILHO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - FAPERJ CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ Fechado

We use the Gemini NIFS instrument to map the H22.1218μm and Brγ flux distributions in the inner 0.04–2 kpc of a sample of 36 nearby active galaxies (0.001 ≲ z ≲ 0.056) at spatial resolutions from 4 to 250 pc. We find extended emission in 34 galaxies. In ∼55 per cent of them, the emission in both lines is most extended along the galaxy major axis, while in the other 45 per cent the extent follows a distinct orientation. The emission of H2 is less concentrated than that of Brγ, presenting a radius that contains half of the flux 60 per cent greater, on average. The H2 emission is driven by thermal processes – X-ray heating and shocks – at most locations for all galaxies, where 0.4 6 (seen in 40 per cent of the galaxies), shocks are the main H2 excitation mechanism, while in regions with H2/Brγ < 0.4 (25 per cent of the sample) the H2 emission is produced by fluorescence. The only difference we found between type 1 and type 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN) was in the nuclear emission-line equivalent widths that are smaller in type 1 than in type 2 due to a larger contribution to the continuum from the hot dusty torus in the former. The gas masses in the inner 125 pc radius are in the range 101−104 M⊙ for the hot H2 and 103−106 M⊙ for the ionized gas and would be enough to power the AGN in our sample for 105−108 yr at their current accretion rates.

We present a systematic study of gamma-ray blazar candidates based on a sample of 40 objects taken from the WIBR catalogue. By using a likelihood analysis, 26 of the 40 sources showed significant gamma-ray signatures (c)3/4 3s. Using high-energy test statistics (TS) maps, we confirm 8 sources, which are completely new, and show another 15 promising 3-ray candidates. The results from this analysis show that a multi-frequency approach can help to improve the current description of the gamma-ray sky Fechado

For the first time, neon abundance has been derived in the narrow line region from a sample of Seyfert 2 nuclei. In view of this, we compiled from the literature fluxes of optical and infrared (IR) narrow emission lines for 35 Seyfert 2 nuclei in the local universe (z 0.06). The relative intensities of emission lines were used to derive the ionic and total neon and oxygen abundances through electron temperature estimations (Te-method). For the neon, abundance estimates were obtained by using both Te-method and IR-method. Based on photoionization model results, we found a lower electron temperature [te(Ne iii)] for the gas phase where the Ne2 + is located in comparison with t3 for the O2 + ion. We find that the differences (D) between Ne2 +/H+ ionic abundances calculated from IR-method and Te-method (assuming t3 in the Ne2 +/H+ derivation) are similar to the derivations in star-forming regions (SFs) and they are reduced by a mean factor of ∼3 when te(Ne iii) is considered. We propose a semi-empirical Ionization Correction Factor (ICF) for the neon, based on [Ne II]12.81μm, [Ne III]15.56μm, and oxygen ionic abundance ratios. We find that the average Ne/H abundance for the Seyfert 2s sample is nearly 2 times higher than similar estimate for SFs. Finally, for the very high metallicity regime (i.e. [12 + log(O/H) 8.80]) an increase in Ne/O with O/H is found, which likely indicates secondary stellar production for the neon.

The near-infrared spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) present emission lines of different atomic and molecular species. The mechanisms involved in the origin of these emission lines in AGN are still not fully understood. We use J- and K-band integral field spectra of six luminous (43.1 < logLbol/(erg s−1) < 44.4) Seyfert galaxies (NGC 788, Mrk 607, NGC 3227, NGC 3516, NGC 5506, and NGC 5899) in the local Universe (0.0039

Quasar-driven outflows must have made their most significant impact on galaxy formation during the epoch when massive galaxies were forming most rapidly. To study the impact of quasar feedback we conducted rest-frame optical integral field spectrograph (IFS) observations of three extremely red quasars (ERQs) and one type-2 quasar at $z=2-3$, obtained with the NIFS and OSIRIS instruments at the Gemini North and W. M. Keck Observatory with the assistance of laser-guided adaptive optics. We use the kinematics and morphologies of the [OIII] 5007\AA and H$\alpha$ 6563\AA emission lines redshifted into the near-infrared to gauge the extents, kinetic energies and momentum fluxes of the ionized outflows in the quasars host galaxies. For the ERQs, the galactic-scale outflows are likely driven by radiation pressure in a high column density environment or due to an adiabatic shock. For the type-2 quasar, the outflow is driven by radiation pressure in a low column density environment or due to a radiative shock. The outflows in the ERQs carry a significant amount of energy ranging from 0.05-5$\%$ of the quasar's bolometric luminosity, powerful enough to have a significant impact on the quasar host galaxies. However, the outflows are likely only impacting the inner few kpc of each host galaxy. The observed outflow sizes are generally smaller than other ionized outflows observed at high redshift. The high ratio between the momentum flux of the ionized outflow and the photon momentum flux from the quasar accretion disk and high nuclear obscuration makes these ERQs great candidates for transitional objects where the outflows are likely responsible for clearing material in the inner regions of each galaxy, unveiling the quasar accretion disk at optical wavelengths., Comment: 18 Pages, 12 figures, 2 tabes, published in MNRAS

In order to gauge the role that active galactic nuclei play in the evolution of galaxies via the effect of kinetic feedback in nearby QSO 2’s (z ∼ 0.3), we observed eight such objects with bolometric luminosities Lbol∼1046ergs−1 using Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph-integral field units. The emission lines were fitted with at least two Gaussian curves, the broadest of which we attributed to gas kinetically disturbed by an outflow. We found that the maximum extent of the outflow ranges from ∼1 to 8 kpc, being ∼0.5±0.3 times the extent of the [OIII] ionized gas region. Our ‘default’ assumptions for the gas density (obtained from the [SII] doublet) and outflow velocities resulted in peak mass outflow rates of M˙defout∼ 3–30 M⊙yr−1 and outflow power of E˙defout∼1041–1043ergs−1⁠. The corresponding kinetic coupling efficiencies are εdeff=E˙defout/Lbol∼7×10−4–0.5 per cent, with the average efficiency being only 0.06 per cent (0.01 per cent median), implying little feedback powers from ionized gas outflows in the host galaxies. We investigated the effects of varying assumptions and calculations on M˙out and E˙out regarding the ionized gas densities, velocities, masses, and inclinations of the outflow relative to the plane of the sky, resulting in average uncertainties of 1 dex. In particular, we found that better indicators of the [OIII] emitting gas density than the default [SII] line ratio, such as the [ArIV] λλ4711,40 line ratio, result in almost an order of magnitude decrease in the εf.

The effect of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) feedback on the host galaxy, and its role in quenching or enhancing star formation, is still uncertain due to the fact that usual star formation rate (SFR) indicators – emission-line luminosities based on the assumption of photoionization by young stars – cannot be used for active galaxies as the ionizing source is the AGN. We thus investigate the use of SFR derived from the stellar population and its relation with that derived from the gas for a sample of 170 AGN hosts and a matched control sample of 291 galaxies. We compare the values of SFR densities obtained via the H α emission line (SFRGas) for regions ionized by hot stars according to diagnostic diagrams with those obtained from stellar population synthesis (SFR ) over the last 1 to 100 Myr. We find that the SFR over the last 20 Myr closely reproduces the SFRGas, although a better match is obtained via the transformation: log(SFR ) = (0.872 ± 0.004)log(SFRGas) − (0.075 ± 0.006) (or log(SFRGas) = (1.147 ± 0.005)log(SFR ) + (0.086 ± 0.080)), which is valid for both AGN hosts and non-active galaxies. We also compare the reddening obtained via the gas H α/H β ratio with that derived via the full spectral fitting in the stellar population synthesis. We find that the ratio between the gas and stellar extinction is in the range 2.64 ≤AVg/AV ≤ 2.85, in approximate agreement with previous results from the literature, obtained for smaller samples. We interpret the difference as being due to the fact that the reddening of the stars is dominated by that affecting the less obscured underlying older population, while the reddening of the gas is larger as it is associated with a younger stellar population buried deeper in the dust.

We present maps for the electron temperature in the inner kpc of three luminous Seyfert galaxies: Mrk 79, Mrk 348, and Mrk 607 obtained from Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph-integral field unit observations at spatial resolutions of ∼110–280 pc. We study the distributions of electron temperature in active galaxies and find temperatures varying in the range from ∼8000 to 30 000 K. Shocks due to gas outflows play an important role in the observed temperature distributions of Mrk 79 and Mrk 348, while standard photoionization models reproduce the derived temperature values for Mrk 607. In Mrk 79 and Mrk 348, we find direct evidence for shock ionization with overall orientation orthogonal to the ionization axis, where shocks can be easily observed as the active galactic nuclei radiation field is shielded by the nuclear dusty torus. This also indicates that even when the ionization cones are narrow, the shocks can be much wider angle.

The role of feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in the evolution of galaxies is still not not fully understood, mostly due to the lack of observational constraints in the multi-phase gas kinematics on the ten to hundred parsec scales. We have used the Gemini Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) to map the molecular and ionized gas kinematics in the inner 900$\times$900 pc$^2$ of the Seyfert galaxy NGC1275 at a spatial resolution of $\sim$70 pc. From the fitting of the CO absorption bandheads in the K-band, we derive a stellar velocity dispersion of $265\pm26$ km s$^{-1}$, which implies a black hole mass of $M_{\rm SMBH}=1.1^{+0.9}_{-0.5}\times10^9$ M$_\odot$. We find hot ($T\gtrsim1000$ K) molecular and ionized outflows with velocities of up to 2 000 km s$^{-1}$ and mass outflow rates of $2.7\times10^{-2} {\rm M_\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ and $1.6 {\rm M_\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, respectively, in each of these gas phases. The kinetic power of the ionized outflows corresponds to only 0.05 per cent of the luminosity of the AGN of NGC 1275, indicating that they are not powerful enough to provide significant AGN feedback, but may be effective in redistributing the gas in the central region of the galaxy. The AGN driven outflows seem to be responsible for the shocks necessary to produce the observed H$_2$ and [Fe II] line emission., Accepted for publication in MNRAS

It is believed that most spheroidal galaxies host a Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) at their centers and that, at some point, it becomes active, originating an Active Galaxy Nuclei (AGN). The formation and evolution of the galaxy may be directly linked to the growth of SMBH and AGN feedback. In this context, detailed studies on the kinematics and distribution of ionized gas in the central region of the AGN are fundamental to investigate the processes of Feeding and Feedback and their impact on the evolution of galaxies. In this work, we present a detailed analysis of the kinematics of the ionized gas and stars from the inner region at 170 pc of the active galaxy NGC 4546. The main goal of this work is to detect and characterize non-circular motions associated with ionized gas outflows from the AGN. The observations were made with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) in integral field unit (IFU) mode, with a spec- tral coverage of 4736–6806 Å, covering the strongest emission lines observed in AGN spectra. The stellar kinematics was measured by fitting the absorption lines using the penalized Pixel Fitting method (PPXF) using the MILES stellar library as template. The distribution of emis- sion line fluxes and kinematics were measured by fitting the emission-line profiles of the data cube after subtracting the stellar component, using the profit (line-profile fitting) routine. We find that stellar and ionized gas kinematics are dominated by a rotating disk component and that both structures are rotating in opposite directions. The gas kinematics also reveals non-circular motions, interpreted as originating from a biconic outflow produced by the central AGN of NGC 4546. We estimate a value of ∼0.068 MⓈ yr−1 for the ionized gas outflow rate and a kinetic power (E˙cin) of the outflow equivalent to 1.12×1039 erg s−1, which corresponds to only 0.013 % of the AGN bolometric luminosity. Therefore, we find that the E˙cin of the outflow is not high enough to affect the star formation of the galaxy in large scale. This type of AGN Feedback is called as maintenance mode, in which the velocity of the outflows is not high enough to escape the galaxy boundaries, but they can still be efficient in redistributing the gas in its central region. Acredita-se que a maioria das galáxias esferoidais hospedam um Buraco Negro Supermassivo (SMBH) em seu centro e que, em algum momento da sua vida, tenha se tornado ativo, ori- ginando um Núcleo Ativo de Galáxia (AGN). A formação e evolução da galáxia pode estar diretamente ligada ao crescimento do SMBH e ao feedback do AGN. Neste contexto, estudos detalhados sobre a cinemática e distribuição do gás ionizado na região central do AGN são fun- damentais para investigar os processos de feeding e feedback e seu impacto sobre a evolução das galáxias. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma análise detalhada sobre a cinemática do gás ionizado e das estrelas da região interna a 170 pc da galáxia ativa NGC 4546. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é detectar e caracterizar movimentos não-circulares associados a outflows de gás ionizado a partir do AGN. As observações foram realizadas com o Gemini Multi-Object Spec- trograph (GMOS) no modo de unidade de campo integral (IFU), com cobertura espectral de 4736-6806 Å, cobrindo as linhas de emissão mais intensas observadas em espectros de AGNs. A cinemática estelar foi medida através do ajuste das linhas de absorção utilizando o método penalized Pixel Fitting (PPXF) usando como template a biblioteca estelar MILES. A distribuição de fluxos de linhas de emissão e cinemática do gás foram medidas a partir do ajustes dos perfis das linhas de emissão do cubo de dados após a subtração da componente estelar, utilizando a rotina PROFIT (line-PROfile FITting). Encontramos que a cinemática estelar e do gás ionizado é dominada por uma componente de disco em rotação e que ambas as estruturas estão girando em sentidos contrários. A cinemática do gás também revela movimentos não-circulares, inter- pretados como originados por um outflow em formato bicônico devido ao AGN de NGC 4546. Estimamos um valor de ∼ 0, 068 MⓈ yr−1 para a taxa de outflow de gás ionizado e uma po- tência cinética (E˙cin) do outflow equivalente a 1, 12 × 1039 erg s−1, que corresponde a somente 0,013 % da luminosidade bolométrica do AGN. Portanto, verificamos que a E˙cin do outflow não é suficiente para influenciar a formação estelar da galáxia em grande escala. Este tipo de feed- back de AGN é chamado de modo de manutenção, no qual os outflows não possuem velocidade suficiente para escapar dos limites da galáxia, porém podem ser eficientes em redistribuir o gás em sua região central.

The distribution of galaxies in optical diagnostic diagrams can provide information about their physical parameters when compared with ionization models under proper assumptions. By using a sample of central emitting regions from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey (MaNGA), we find evidence of the existence of upper boundaries for narrow-line regions (NLRs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in optical Baldwin, Phillips & Terlevich (BPT) diagrams, especially in diagrams involving [S ii]λλ6716, 6731/Hα. Photoionization models can reproduce the boundaries well, as a consequence of the decrease of [S ii]λλ6716, 6731/Hα and [O iii]λ5007/Hβ ratios at very high metallicity. Whilst the exact location of the upper boundary in the [S ii] BPT diagram depends only weakly on the electron density of the ionized cloud and the secondary nitrogen prescription, its dependence on the shapes of the input spectral energy distributions (SEDs) is much stronger. This allows us to constrain the power-law index of the AGN SED between 1 Ryd and ∼100 Ryd to be less than or equal to −1.40 ± 0.05. The coverage of photoionization models in the [N ii] BPT diagram has a stronger dependence on the electron density and the secondary nitrogen prescription. With the density constrained by the [S ii] doublet ratio and the input SED constrained by the [S ii] BPT diagram, we find that the extent of the data in the [N ii] BPT diagram favours those prescriptions with high N/O ratios. Although shock-ionized clouds can produce line ratios similar to those from photoionization, the resulting shapes of the upper boundaries, if they exist, would likely be different from those of photoionizing origin.

Agradecimentos: BA is supported by São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) with grant no. 2017/00517-4. PD is supported by São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) with grant no. 2019/08956-2. We made use of archival data and bibliographic information obtained from the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), data and software facilities from the SSDC and Opne Universe Portals managed by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and collaborators. We acknowledge the use of the TOPCAT and STILTS software packages (written by Mark Taylor, University of Bristol) Abstract: The study of machine learning (ML) techniques for the autonomous classification of astrophysical sources is of great interest, and we explore its applications in the context of a multifrequency data-frame. We test the use of supervised ML to classify blazars according to its synchrotron peak frequency, either lower or higher than 10(15) Hz. We select a sample with 4178 blazars labelled as 1279 high synchrotron peak (HSP: nu-peak > 10(15) Hz) and 2899 low synchrotron peak (LSP: nu-peak < 10(15) Hz). A set of multifrequency features were defined to represent each source that includes spectral slopes (alpha(nu 1,nu 2)) between the radio, infra-red, optical, and X-ray bands, also considering IR colours. We describe the optimization of five ML classification algorithms that classify blazars into LSP or HSP: Random forests (RFs), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbours (KNN), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), and the Ludwig auto-ML framework. In our particular case, the SVM algorithm had the best performance, reaching 93 per cent of balanced accuracy. A joint-feature permutation test revealed that the spectral slopes alpha-radio-infrared (IR) and alpha-radio-optical are the most relevant for the ML modelling, followed by the IR colours. This work shows that ML algorithms can distinguish multifrequency spectral characteristics and handle the classification of blazars into LSPs and HSPs. It is a hint for the potential use of ML for the autonomous determination of broadband spectral parameters (as the synchrotron nu-peak), or even to search for new blazars in all-sky data bases FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP Aberto

Agradecimentos: During this work, BA was supported by São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) with grant number 2017/00517-4. BA would like to thank Prof. Marcelo M. Guzzo for his support to this research proposal. BM thank Uppsala University International Science Programme (ISP) for the financial support towards developing this work. We thank the Centro de Computação John David Rogers CCJDR at IFGW Unicamp, Campinas-Brazil, for granting access to the Feynman and Planck Clusters. We thank IcraNet, Prof. Remo Ruffini and Prof. Carlo Bianco for the cooperation and granted access to Joshua Computer Cluster (Rome-Italy). The availability of computational resources was key to the development of our work. The VO publication of our data (vo.bsdc.icranet.org) is made by the Brazilian Science Data Center (BSDC) service maintained at CBPF, Rio de Janeiro, and accessible through the United Nations Open Universe Initiative at http://www.openuniverse.asi.it. We thank the entire Fermi-LAT collaboration for maintaining a public mission data base, which promotes discoveries involving the entire ?-ray community in a multitude of scientific efforts. We thank J. Biteau for his help in obtaining VHE data from published papers which is now available via OpenUniverse and SSDC-ASI Data Science portals. We make use of archival data and bibliographic information obtained from the NASA-IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), data, and software facilities maintained by the Space Science Data Center (SSDC) from the Italian Space Agency. We thank the anonymous referee for all comments, which helped to improve the discussion and presentation of the paper This paper presents the results of a gamma-ray likelihood analysis over all the extreme and high synchrotron peak blazars (EHSP and HSP) from the 3HSP catalogue. We investigate 2013 multifrequency positions under the eyes of Fermi Large Area Telescope, co Abstract: This paper presents the results of a gamma-ray likelihood analysis over all the extreme and high synchrotron peak blazars (EHSP and HSP) from the 3HSP catalogue. We investigate 2013 multifrequency positions under the eyes of Fermi Large Area Telescope, considering 11 yr of observations in the energy range between 500MeV and 500 GeV, which results in 1160 gamma-ray signatures detected down to the TS = 9 threshold. The detections include 235 additional sources concerning the Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog (4FGL), all confirmed via high-energy TS (Test Statistic) maps, and represent an improvement of similar to 25 per cent for the number of EHSP and HSP currently described in gamma-rays. We build the gamma-ray spectral energy distribution (SED) for all the 1160 2BIGB sources, plot the corresponding gamma-ray logN-logS, and measure their total contribution to the extragalactic gamma-ray background, which reaches up to similar to 33 per cent at 100 GeV. Also, we show that the gamma-ray detectability improves according to the synchrotron peak flux as represented by the figure of merit parameter, and note that the search for TeV peaked blazars may benefit from considering HSP and EHSP as a whole, instead of EHSPs only. The 2BIGB acronym stands for 'Second Brazil-ICRANet Gamma-ray Blazars' catalogue, and all the broad-band models and SED data points will be available on public data repositories (OpenUniverse, GitHub, and Brazilian Science Data Center-BSDC) FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP Aberto

We study the properties of the Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) 843 MHz radio active galactic nuclei (AGNs) population in galaxy clusters from two large catalogues created using the Dark Energy Survey (DES): ∼11 800 optically selected RM-Y3 and ∼1000 X-ray selected MARD-Y3 clusters. We show that cluster radio loud AGNs are highly concentrated around cluster centres to z ∼ 1. We measure the halo occupation number for cluster radio AGNs above a threshold luminosity, finding that the number of radio AGNs per cluster increases with cluster halo mass as N ∝ M1.2 ± 0.1 (N ∝ M0.68 ± 0.34) for the RM-Y3 (MARD-Y3) sample. Together, these results indicate that radio mode feedback is favoured in more massive galaxy clusters. Using optical counterparts for these sources, we demonstrate weak redshift evolution in the host broad-band colours and the radio luminosity at fixed host galaxy stellar mass. We use the redshift evolution in radio luminosity to break the degeneracy between density and luminosity evolution scenarios in the redshift trend of the radio AGNs luminosity function (LF). The LF exhibits a redshift trend of the form (1 + z)γ in density and luminosity, respectively, of γD = 3.0 ± 0.4 and γP = 0.21 ± 0.15 in the RM-Y3 sample, and γD = 2.6 ± 0.7 and γP = 0.31 ± 0.15 in MARD-Y3. We discuss the physical drivers of radio mode feedback in cluster AGNs, and we use the cluster radio galaxy LF to estimate the average radio-mode feedback energy as a function of cluster mass and redshift and compare it to the core (

We use Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/ Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) long-slit G430M and G750M spectra to analyse the extended [O~III] 5007A emission in a sample of twelve nearby (z < 0.12) luminous (L_bol > 1.6 x 10^45 erg s^-1) QSO2s. The purpose of the study is to determine the properties of the mass outflows of ionised gas and their role in AGN feedback. We measure fluxes and velocities as functions of radial distances. Using Cloudy models and ionising luminosities derived from [O~III] 5007A, we are able to estimate the densities for the emission-line gas. From these results, we derive masses of [O~III]-emitting gas, mass outflow rates, kinetic energies, kinetic luminosities, momenta and momentum flow rates as a function of radial distance for each of the targets. For the sample, masses are several times 10^3 - 10^7 solar masses and peak outflow rates are 9.3 x 10^-3 Msun/yr to 10.3 Msun/yr. The peak kinetic luminosities are 3.4 x 10^-8 to 4.9 x 10^-4 of the bolometric luminosity, which does not approach the 5.0 x 10^-3 - 5.0 x 10^-2 range required by some models for efficient feedback. For Mrk 34, which has the largest kinetic luminosity of our sample, in order to produce efficient feedback there would have to be 10 times more [O~III]-emitting gas than we detected at its position of maximum kinetic luminosity. Three targets show extended [O~III] emission, but compact outflow regions. This may be due to different mass profiles or different evolutionary histories., 14 pages, 11 Figures, accepted for publication in the MNRAS

We investigate the ionized gas excitation and kinematics in the inner 4.3 × 6.2 kpc2 of the merger radio galaxy 4C+29.30. Using optical integral field spectroscopy with the Gemini North Telescope, we present flux distributions, line-ratio maps, peak velocities and velocity dispersion maps as well as channel maps with a spatial resolution of ≈955 pc. We observe high blueshifts of up to ∼−650 km s−1 in a region ∼1 arcsec south of the nucleus (the southern knot – SK), which also presents high velocity dispersions (∼250 km s−1), which we attribute to an outflow. A possible redshifted counterpart is observed north from the nucleus (the northern knot – NK). We propose that these regions correspond to a bipolar outflow possibly due to the interaction of the radio jet with the ambient gas. We estimate a total ionized gas mass outflow rate of M˙ out = 25.4+11.5 −7.5 M yr−1with a kinetic power of E˙ = 8.1+10.7 −4.0 × 1042 erg s−1, which represents 5.8+7.6 −2.9 per cent of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) bolometric luminosity. These values are higher than usually observed in nearby active galaxies with the same bolometric luminosities and could imply a significant impact of the outflows in the evolution of the host galaxy. The excitation is higher in the NK – that correlates with extended X-ray emission, indicating the presence of hotter gas – than in the SK, supporting a scenario in which an obscuring dust lane is blocking part of the AGN radiation to reach the southern region of the galaxy.

Context.TheMBH–σ⋆relation is considered a result of coevolution between the host galaxies and their supermassive black holes. For elliptical bulge hosting inactive galaxies, this relation is well established, but there is still discussion concerning whether active galaxies follow the same relation.Aims.In this paper, we estimate black hole masses for a sample of 19 local luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs; LLAMA) to test their location on theMBH–σ⋆relation. In addition, we test how robustly we can determine the stellar velocity dispersion in the presence of an AGN continuum and AGN emission lines, and as a function of signal-to-noise ratio.Methods.Supermassive black hole masses (MBH) were derived from the broad-line-based relations for Hα, Hβ, and Paβemission line profiles for Type 1 AGNs. We compared the bulge stellar velocity dispersion (σ⋆) as determined from the Ca II triplet (CaT) with the dispersion measured from the near-infrared CO (2-0) absorption features for each AGN and find them to be consistent with each other. We applied an extinction correction to the observed broad-line fluxes and we corrected the stellar velocity dispersion by an average rotation contribution as determined from spatially resolved stellar kinematic maps.Results.The Hα-based black hole masses of our sample of AGNs were estimated in the range 6.34 ≤ logMBH ≤ 7.75M⊙and theσ⋆CaTestimates range between 73 ≤ σ⋆CaT ≤ 227 km s−1. From the so-constructedMBH − σ⋆relation for our Type 1 AGNs, we estimate the black hole masses for the Type 2 AGNs and the inactive galaxies in our sample.Conclusions.We find that our sample of local luminous AGNs is consistent with theMBH–σ⋆relation of lower luminosity AGNs and inactive galaxies, after correcting for dust extinction and the rotational contribution to the stellar velocity dispersion.

We present Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) Integral Field Unit (IFU), Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and Very Large Array (VLA) observations of the OH Megamaser (OHM) galaxy IRAS 11506−3851. The HST images reveal an isolated spiral galaxy and the combination with the GMOS-IFU flux distributions and VLA data allow us to identify a partial ring of star-forming regions surrounding the nucleus with a radius of ≈ 500 pc. While this ring shows starburst excitation and low velocity dispersion, the region internal to the ring shows higher excitation and velocity dispersion values, with values increasing towards its borders at ≈ 240 pc from the nucleus, resembling a projected bubble. The enhanced excitation and velocity dispersion of this bubble surrounds a 8.5-GHz radio emission structure, supporting its origin in a faint active galactic nucleus (AGN) that is mostly shocking the surrounding gas via a plasma ejection seen in radio at the present stage. This is the fourth of the 5 OHM galaxies we have studied so far (from our sample of 15 OHM) for which GMOS-IFU data indicate the presence of a previously unknown faint AGN at the nucleus, consistent with the hypothesis that OHM galaxies harbour recently triggered AGN.

Agradecimentos: We thank the referee, Andy Lawrence, for useful comments that improved the manuscript. QY and YS acknowledge support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship (YS) and NSF grant AST-1715579. We thank Patrick Hall, Tamara Davis, Shu Wang, and Hengxiao Guo for useful discussions and suggestions. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciênciae Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. The PS1 has been made possible through contributions by the ‘Institute for Astronomy’, the University of Hawaii, the ‘Pan-STARRS Project Office’, the ‘Max-Planck Society’ and its participating institutes, the ‘Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg’, and the ‘Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching’, ‘The Johns Hopkins University’, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, ‘Queen’s University Belfast’, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the ‘Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated’, ‘the National Central University of Taiwan’, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No.NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE) Abstract: We present new Gemini/GMOS optical spectroscopy of 16 extreme variability quasars (EVQs) that dimmed bymore than 1.5mag in the g band between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Dark Energy Survey epochs (separated by a few years in the quasar rest frame). These EVQs are selected from quasars in the SDSS Stripe 82 region, covering a redshift range of 0.5 < z < 2.1. Nearly half of these EVQs brightened significantly (by more than 0.5 mag in the g band) in a few years after reaching their previous faintest state, and some EVQs showed rapid (non-blazar) variations of greater than 1-2 mag on time-scales of only months. To increase sample statistics, we use a supplemental sample of 33 EVQs with multi-epoch spectra from SDSS that cover the broad Mg II lambda 2798 line. Leveraging on the large dynamic range in continuum variability between the multi-epoch spectra, we explore the associated variations in the broad MgII line, whose variability properties have not been well studied before. The broad MgII flux varies in the same direction as the continuum flux, albeit with a smaller amplitude, which indicates at least some portion of Mg II is reverberating to continuum changes. However, the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of Mg II does not vary accordingly as continuum changes for most objects in the sample, in contrast to the case of the broad Balmer lines. Using the width of broad MgII to estimate the black hole mass with single epoch spectra therefore introduces a luminosity-dependent bias FINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEP FUNDAÇÃO CARLOS CHAGAS FILHO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - FAPERJ CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ Aberto

Changing-look Active Galactic Nuclei (CL-AGNs) are a subset of AGNs in which the broad Balmer emission lines appear or disappear within a few years. We use the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey to identify five CL-AGNs. The 2-D photometric and kinematic maps reveal common features as well as some unusual properties of CL-AGN hosts as compared to the AGN hosts in general. All MaNGA CL-AGNs reside in the star-forming main sequence, similar to MaNGA non-changing-look AGNs (NCL-AGNs). The $80\% \pm 16\%$ of our CL-AGNs do possess pseudo-bulge features, and follow the overall NCL-AGNs $M_{BH}-\sigma_{*}$ relationship. The kinematic measurements indicate that they have similar distributions in the plane of angular momentum versus galaxy ellipticity. MaNGA CL-AGNs however show a higher, but not statistically significant ($20\% \pm 16\%$) fraction of counter-rotating features compared to that ($1.84\% \pm 0.61\%$) in general star-formation population. In addition, MaNGA CL-AGNs favor more face-on (axis ratio $>$ 0.7) than that of Type I NCL-AGNs. These results suggest that host galaxies could play a role in the CL-AGN phenomenon., Comment: 11 pages, 4 tables, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Frequentemente associados à regulação da formação estelar nos núcleos galácticos ativos (AGN), os buracos negros supermassivos (SMBH) desempenham um papel fundamental na evolução das galáxias através de seus efeitos de feedback (retro-alimentação). Para investigar o impacto deste feedback no modo radiativo – causado por fótons energéticos durante o processo de acreção de matéria – analisamos, em um trabalho anterior, imagens de banda estreita obtidas com o Hubble Space Telescope (HST) de uma amostra de nove AGNs do tipo II com luminosidades bolométricas LBol > 1045 erg s−1 , no qual encontramos que o gás emissor de linhas estreitas (ENLR) se estende além do corpo da galáxia, sugerindo um feedback poderoso do AGN através da ejeção de gás a grandes distâncias do núcleo. No entanto, para verificar se há mesmo ejeção de gás nesses objetos, e quantificar o seu efeito sobre a galáxia, precisamos mapear a cinemática do gás, e assim calcular a taxa de ejeção de massa e a sua potência cinética. Para isto, observamos parte de nossa amostra usando observações de espectroscopia de campo integral com o instrumento Gemini GMOS-IFU, num total de oito objetos. A cinemática do gás foi obtida através do ajuste de componentes Gaussianas aos perfis das linhas de emissão do gás ionizado. Em geral, além de uma componente larga (broad), foram necessárias mais de duas componentes estreitas (narrow) para representar os perfis da NLR. Encontramos que a cinemática das componentes narrow é bem complexa, condizente com a presença de interações com galáxias vizinhas, previamente observado nas imagens do HST. Associamos a componente broad ao gás em outflow: esta componente possui valores de dispersão de velocidade de até 850 km s−1 , o que reforça a identificação dessa componente com o gás perturbado em ejeção. Utilizando apenas a componente broad, calculamos a taxa de massa de gás ionizado em outflow (M˙ out), encontrando valores de até 10 M yr−1 . A potência cinética do outflow (E˙ out) atinge valores máximos entre 1041 e 1043 erg s−1 , o que corresponde a eficiências de feedback de ∼ 0.001 − 0.1 % da LBol. Estes valores estão abaixo dos encontrados em simulações e modelos analíticos que reproduzem os efeitos da cessação da formação estelar durante a evolução das galáxias. Entretanto, nossos cálculos consideram somente a contribuição ao outflow do gás ionizado, que representa apenas uma fração da energia liberada pelo feedback. Investigamos também a relação de M˙ out e E˙ out com LBol, e o efeito das incertezas em algumas grandezas – como a densidade e a massa total do gás ionizado em outflow – nos valores finais de M˙ out e E˙ out. Often associated with the regulation of star formation in active galactic nuclei (AGN), supermassive black holes (SMBH) play a fundamental role in the evolution of galaxies through their feedback effects. To investigate the impact of this feedback in the radiative mode – caused by energetic photons during the process of accretion of matter – we analyzed, in a previous work, narrow-band images obtained with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) of a sample of nine type II AGNs with bolometric luminosities LBol > 1045 erg s−1 . There, we found that the gas emitting narrow lines (ENLR) extends beyond the body of the galaxy, suggesting a powerful AGN feedback through gas ejection to large distances from the nucleus. However, to check if there is even an outflow in these objects, and to quantify its effect on the galaxy, we need to map the gas kinematics, and then calculate the mass outflow rate and its kinetic power. For this, we observed part of our sample using integral field spectroscopy observations with the Gemini GMOS-IFU instrument, for a total of eight objects. The gas kinematics was obtained by fitting Gaussian components to the profiles of the emission lines of the ionized gas. In general, in addition to a broad component, more than two narrow components were required to represent the NLR profiles. We found that the kinematics of the narrow components are quite complex, consistent with the presence of interactions with nearby galaxies, previously observed in the HST images. We associate the broad component with the gas in outflow: this component has velocity dispersion values up to 850 km s−1 , which reinforces its identification with the disturbed gas in the outflowing winds. Using only the broad component, we calculate the mass outflow rate (M˙ out), finding values of up to 10 M yr−1 . The outflow kinetic power (E˙ out) reaches maximum values between 1041 and 1043 erg s−1 , which corresponds to feedback efficiencies of ∼ 0.001 − 0.1 % of LBol. These values are below those found in simulations and analytical models in order to quench star formation during the evolution of galaxies. However, our calculations consider only the contribution from the ionized gas to the outflow power, which represents only a fraction of the total power released by the feedback. We also investigated the relationship of M˙ out and E˙ out with LBol, and the effect of uncertainties on the values of some quantities – such as the electron density and the mass of the ionized gas in outflow – to the final values of M˙ out and E˙ out.

Agradecimentos: The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargüe. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina—Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza; Municipalidad de Malargüe; NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leñas; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia—the Australian Research Council; Brazil—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grants No. 2019/10151-2, No. 2010/07359-6 and No. 1999/05404-3; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (MCTIC); Czech Republic—grant No. MSMT CR LTT18004, LM2015038, LM2018102, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422; France—Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Conseil Régional Ile-de-France; Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS); Département Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS); Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02; Germany—Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF); Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Württemberg; Italy—Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF); Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universitá e della Ricerca (MIUR); CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE); México—Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) No. 167733; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM; The Netherlands—Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative; Poland -Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grant No. DIR/WK/2018/11; National Science Centre, grants No. 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, No. 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 and No. HARMONIA 5–2013/10/M/ST9/00062, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198; Portugal—Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (COMPETE); Romania—Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI (PN19150201/16 N/2019 and PN19060102) and project PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018 within PNCDI III; Slovenia—Slovenian Research Agency, grants P1-0031, P1-0385, I0-0033, N1-0111; Spain—Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (FPA2017-85114-P and FPA2017-85197-P), Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2017/07), Junta de Andalucía (SOMM17/6104/UGR),Feder Funds, RENATA Red Nacional Temática de Astropartículas (FPA2015-68783-REDT) and María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (MDM-2016-0692); USA—Department of Energy, Contracts No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, No. DE-FR02-04ER41300, No. DE-FG02-99ER41107 and No. DE-SC0011689; National Science Foundation, grant No. 0450696; The Grainger Foundation; Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET; European Particle Physics Latin American Network; and UNESCO Abstract: Results of a search for ultra-high-energy neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory from the direction of the blazar TXS 0506+056 are presented. They were obtained as part of the follow-up that stemmed from the detection of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays with IceCube, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, and other detectors of electromagnetic radiation in several bands. The Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to neutrinos in the energy range from 100 PeV to 100 EeV and in the zenith-angle range from = 60 degrees to = 95 degrees, where the zenith angle is measured from the vertical direction. No neutrinos from the direction of TXS 0506+056 have been found. The results were analyzed in three periods: one of 6 months around the detection of IceCube-170922 A, coinciding with a flare period of TXS 0506+056, a second one of 110 days during which the IceCube collaboration found an excess of 13 neutrinos from a direction compatible with TXS 0506+056, and a third one from 2004 January 1 up to 2018 August 31, over which the Pierre Auger Observatory has been taking data. The sensitivity of the Observatory is addressed for different spectral indices by considering the fluxes that would induce a single expected event during the observation period. For indices compatible with those measured by the IceCube collaboration the expected number of neutrinos at the Observatory is well below one. Spectral indices as hard as 1.5 would have to apply in this energy range to expect a single event to have been detected CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ FINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEP FUNDAÇÃO CARLOS CHAGAS FILHO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - FAPERJ FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP Fechado

In most galaxies, the fluxes of rotational H2 lines strongly correlate with star formation diagnostics (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAH), suggesting that H2 emission from warm molecular gas is a minor byproduct of star formation. We analyse the optical properties of a sample of 309 nearby galaxies derived from a parent sample of 2,015 objects observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope. We find a correlation between the [OI]6300 emission-line flux and kinematics and the H2 S(3)9.665um/PAH11.3um. The [OI]6300 kinematics in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can not be explained only by gas motions due to the gravitational potential of their host galaxies, suggesting that AGN driven outflows are important to the observed kinematics. While H2 excess also correlates with the fluxes and kinematics of ionized gas (probed by [OIII]), the correlation with [OI] is much stronger, suggesting that H2 and [OI] emission probe the same phase or tightly coupled phases of the wind. We conclude that the excess of H2 emission seen in AGN is produced by shocks due to AGN driven outflows and in the same clouds that produce the [OI] emission. Our results provide an indirect detection of neutral and molecular winds and suggest a new way to select galaxies that likely host molecular outflows. Further ground- and space-based spatially resolved observations of different phases of the molecular gas (cold, warm and hot) are necessary to test our new selection method., Published in MNRAS

Galaxy interaction is considered a key driver of galaxy evolution and star formation (SF) history. In this paper, we present an empirical picture of the radial extent of interaction-triggered SF along the merger sequence. The samples under study are drawn from the integral field spectroscopy (IFS) survey SDSS-IV MaNGA, including 205 star-forming galaxies in pairs/mergers and ~1350 control galaxies. For each galaxy in pairs, the merger stage is identified according to its morphological signatures: incoming phase, at first pericenter passage, at apocenter, in merging phase, and in final coalescence. The effect of interactions is quantified by the global and spatially resolved SF rate relative to the SF rate of a control sample selected for each individual galaxy ($\Delta$logSFR and $\Delta$logsSFR(r), respectively). Analysis of the radial $\Delta$logsSFR(r) distributions shows that galaxy interactions have no significant impact on the $\Delta$logsSFR(r) during the incoming phase. Right after the first pericenter passage, the radial $\Delta$logsSFR(r) profile decreases steeply from enhanced to suppressed activity for increasing galactocentric radius. Later on, SF is enhanced on a broad spatial scale out to the maximum radius we explore (~6.7 kpc) and the enhancement is in general centrally peaked. The extended SF enhancement is also observed for systems at their apocenters and in the coalescence phase, suggesting that interaction-triggered SF is not restricted to the central region of a galaxy. Further explorations of a wide range in parameter space of merger configurations (e.g., mass ratio) are required to constrain the whole picture of interaction-triggered SF., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

Apresentamos mapas para as distribuições de fluxo nas linhas de emissão, excitação, densidade superficial de massa de gás ionizado e taxa de formação estelar para 150 Núcleos Ativos de Galáxias (AGN) observados com o SDSS-IV MaNGA, comparando-os com os obtidos para uma amostra controle de galáxias não ativas. Descobrimos que, para os AGNs early-type, o gás ionizado é mais concentrado na região nuclear quando comparado com as galáxias de controle, enquanto que para as galáxias late-type a distribuição de gás é semelhante à das galáxias de controle, sendo distribuída mais uniformemente por todo a galáxia. A massa total de gás ionizado varia de ≈ 104M a ≈ 109M. A principal diferença entre os AGNs e os controles está na densidade superficial central de massa de gás ionizado { dentro de 0,2R Re (raio efetivo) { que é maior para os AGNs do que para os controles, com uma diferença maior observada para as early-types do que para as late-types. Essa diferença entre os AGNs e os controles é maior para os AGNs de maior luminosidade e torna-se mais baixa à medida que a luminosidade dos AGNs diminui. Calculamos os perfis espaciais médios da densidade superficial de massa de gás ionizado e mostramos que eles decrescem mais rapidamente com o raio para os AGNs do que para os controles dentro de 0,4R e no caso dos AGNs de maior luminosidade (L([OIII]λ 5007) ≥ 3:8x1040 erg s-¹)sendo semelhantes aos dos controles além deste raio e para AGNs de menor luminosidade. Calculamos a taxa de formação estelar SFR nas regiões HII do corpo das galáxias hospedeiras de AGN e controles, encontrando uma diferença somente para as galáxias early-type, para as quais as que têm AGN apresentam um pequeno excesso no valor da SFR em relação às galáxias de controle. Estudamos também a relação entre o raio RNLR (onde NLR é a sigla para representar a Narrow Line Region) da região ionizada pelo AGN e a luminosidade L[OIII] do AGN e encontramos uma correlação positiva. Esta correlação indica que a região de gás ionizado pelo AGN cresce com a luminosidade do mesmo, de forma semelhante à encontrada previamente para a Broad Line Region e por outros autores para a NLR. Finalmente, obtivemos a metalicidade do gás para as regiões HII no corpo da galáxia que, extrapolada para a região central, mostra um bom acordo com a metalicidade derivada para o gás da NLR a partir de calibrações em termos de razões de linhas de emissão obtidas a partir de modelos de fotoionização. We present maps for the ionized gas density and star formation rates for 150 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) observed with SDSS-IV MaNGA, and compare them with those of a control sample of nonactive galaxies. We nd that, for the early-type AGN, the ionized gas is more concentrated in the nuclear region, when compared with the controls, while for the late-type galaxies the gas distribution is similar to that in the controls, being spread throughout the galaxies. The total ionized gas mass ranges from ≈ 104M to ≈109M . The main difference between the AGN and controls is on the central ionized gas surface mass density { within 0.2Re (effective radius) { that is larger for the AGN than for the controls, with a larger difference observed for the early-type than for the late-type galaxies. This di#erence between the AGN and controls is highest for the highest luminosity AGN and becomes lower as the AGN luminosity decreases. We have calculated average proles of the gas surface mass density and show that they are steeper in the AGN when compared to controls within the inner 0.4Re for the highest luminosity AGN (L([OIII]λ 5007) ≥ 3:8 x 1040 erg s1), being similar to those of the controls beyond this radius and for lower luminosity AGN. We have obtained the star-formation rate SFR for the HII regions along the body of the AGN host galaxies and controls, nding a di#erence only for the early-type galaxies, for which the AGN hosts present a small excess in the integrated SFR as compared to the control galaxies. We have also investigated the relation between the radius of the region ionized by the AGN RNLR (where NLR stands for Narrow- Line Region) and the AGN luminosity L[OIII], finding a positive correlation. This correlation indicates that the radius of the region ionized by the AGN increases with its luminosity, similarly to previously found for the Broad-Line Region and for the NLR itself in previous studies. Finally, we have derived the gas metallicity for the HII regions over the body of the galaxy that, when extrapolated to the central region, shows good agreement with the gas metalicity of the NLR obtained from calibrations in terms of emission-line ratios derived from photoionization models.

We present two-dimensional ionized gas and stellar kinematics in the inner 1.4 × 1.9 kpc2 of the Seyfert 2 galaxy ESO 153-G20 obtained with the Gemini-South/Gemini multi-object spectrograph integral field unit (GMOS-IFU) at a spatial resolution of ~250 pc and spectral resolution of 36 km s−1. Strong [O iii], Hα, [N ii] and [S ii] emission lines are detected over the entire field of view. The stellar kinematics trace circular rotation with a projected velocity amplitude of ±96 km s−1, a kinematic major axis in position angle of 11°, and an average velocity dispersion of 123 km s−1. To analyse the gas kinematics, we used aperture spectra, position–velocity diagrams and single/double Gaussian fits to the emission lines. All lines show two clear kinematic components: a rotating component that follows the stellar kinematics, and a larger-dispersion component, close to the systemic velocity (from which most of the [O iii] emission comes), mainly detected to the south-west. We interpret this second component as gas outflowing at ~400 km s−1 in a compact (300 pc) ionization cone with a half-opening angle ≤40°. The counter-cone is probably obscured behind a dust lane. We estimate a mass outflow rate of 1.1 M⊙ yr−1, 200 times larger than the estimated accretion rate on to the supermassive black hole, and a kinetic to radiative power ratio of 1.7 × 10−3. Bar-induced perturbations probably explain the remaining disturbances observed in the velocity field of the rotating gas component.

We have used the Gemini Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph in the J and K bands to map the distribution, excitation, and kinematics of the ionized H ii and warm molecular gas H2, in the inner few 100 pc of six nearby active galaxies: NGC 788, Mrk 607, NGC 3227, NGC 3516, NGC 5506, NGC 5899. For most galaxies, this is the first time that such maps have been obtained. The ionized and H2 gas show distinct kinematics: while the H2 gas is mostly rotating in the galaxy plane with low velocity dispersion (σ), the ionized gas usually shows signatures of outflows associated with higher σ values, most clearly seen in the [Fe ii] emission line. These two gas species also present distinct flux distributions: the H2 is more uniformly spread over the whole galaxy plane, while the ionized gas is more concentrated around the nucleus and/or collimated along the ionization axis of its active galactic nucleus (AGN), presenting a steeper gradient in the average surface mass density profile than the H2 gas. The total H ii masses cover the range 2×105--2×107 M⊙, with surface mass densities in the range 3–150 M⊙ pc−2, while for the warm H2 the values are 103–4 times lower. We estimate that the available gas reservoir is at least ≈ 100 times more massive than needed to power the AGN. If this gas forms new stars the star formation rates, obtained from the Kennicutt–Schmidt scaling relation, are in the range 1–260 × 10−3 M⊙ yr−1. But the gas will also – at least in part – be ejected as the observed outflows

We investigate the effects of active galactic nuclei (AGN) on the gas kinematics of their host galaxies, using MaNGA data for a sample of 62 AGN hosts and 109 control galaxies (inactive galaxies). We compare orientation of the line of nodes (kinematic position angle – PA) measured from the gas and stellar velocity fields for the two samples. We found that AGN hosts and control galaxies display similar kinematic PA offsets between gas and stars. However, we note that AGN have larger fractional velocity dispersion σ differences between gas and stars [σfrac = (σgas − σstars)/σstars] when compared to their controls, as obtained from the velocity dispersion values of the central (nuclear) pixel (2. 5 diameter). The AGN have a median value of σfrac of AGN = 0.04, while the median value for the control galaxies is CTR =−0.23. 75 per cent of the AGN show σfrac > −0.13, while 75 per cent of the normal galaxies show σfrac < −0.04, thus we suggest that the parameter σfrac can be used as an indicator of AGN activity. We find a correlation between the [OIII]λ5007 luminosity and σfrac for our sample. Our main conclusion is that the AGN already observed with MaNGA are not powerful enough to produce important outflows at galactic scales, but at 1–2 kpc scales, AGN feedback signatures are always present on their host galaxies.

Agradecimentos: We acknowledge the use of data and software facilities from the SSDC, managed by the Italian Space Agency, and preliminary versions of other software tools currently being developed within the United Nations 'Open Universe' initiative. PG acknowledges the support of the Technische Universitat Munchen - Institute for Advanced Studies, funded by the German Excellence Initiative (and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement. no. 291763). BA is supported by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) with grant no. 2017/00517-4. This work is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant SFB 1258 'Neutrinos and Dark Matter in Astro- and Particle Physics'. We thank the IceCube collaboration for granting us access to information prior to publication, through a Memorandum of Understanding. We thank Markus Ahlers, Dave Seckel, and Justin Vandenbroucke for fruitful discussions and the referee, Dr. Ralph VVijers, and the scientific editor for useful and swift comments. This research has made use of data from the OVRO 40-m monitoring program (Richards, J. L. et al. 2011) which is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G, NNX11A043G, and NNX14AQ89G and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of.Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEAT), Eligh Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales in France Abstract: We present the dissection in space, time, and energy of the region around the IceCube-170922A neutrino alert. This study is motivated by: (1) the first association between a neutrino alert and a blazar in a flaring state, TXS 0506+ 056|| (2) the evidence of a neutrino flaring activity during 2014-2015 from the same direction|| (3) the lack of an accompanying simultaneous gamma-ray enhancement from the same counterpart|| (4) the contrasting flaring activity of a neighbouring bright gamma-ray source, the blazar PKS 0502+ 049, during 2014-2015. Our study makes use of multiwavelength archival data accessed through Open Universe tools and includes a new analysis of Fermi-LAT data. We find that PKS 0502+ 049 contaminates the gamma-ray emission region at low energies but TXS 0506+ 056 dominates the sky above a few GeV. TXS 0506+ 056, which is a very strong (top percent) radio and gamma-ray source, is in a high gamma-ray state during the neutrino alert but in a low though hard gamma-ray state in coincidence with the neutrino flare. Both states can be reconciled with the energy associated with the neutrino emission and, in particular during the low/hard state, there is evidence that TXS 0506+ 056 has undergone a hadronic flare with very important implications for blazar modelling. All multimessenger diagnostics reported here support a single coherent picture in which TXS 0506+ 056, a very high energy gamma-ray blazar, is the only counterpart of all the neutrino emissions in the region and therefore the most plausible first non-stellar neutrino and, hence, cosmic ray source FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP Aberto

We report an analysis of the metal-rich tail ([Fe/H] $> -0.75$) of halo stars located at distances from the Galactic plane $z$ up to $|z| \sim 10$ kpc, observed by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). We examine the chemistry, kinematics, and dynamics of this metal-rich halo sample using chemical abundances and radial velocities provided by the fourteenth APOGEE data release (DR14) and proper motions from the second Gaia data release (DR2). The analysis reveals three chemically different stellar populations in the [Mg/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] space -- the two distinct halo populations already reported in the literature, and a third group with intermediate [Mg/Fe] $\sim$+0.1. We derive the $U$, $V$ and $W$ velocity components with respect to the Local Standard of Rest, as well as orbits for the three stellar groups, and find that they differ also in their kinematical and dynamical properties. The high-[Mg/Fe] population exhibits a mean prograde rotation, as well as orbits that are more bound and closer to the plane, whereas the low-[Mg/Fe] population has $ $ closer to 0, and stars that move in less-bound orbits reaching larger distances from the centre and the Galactic plane. The intermediate-Mg stars exhibit different orbital characteristics, moving with a strong prograde rotation and low excentricity, but in less-bound orbits. This stellar population resembles the two stellar overdensities lying about $|z| \sim 5$ kpc recently reported in the literature, for which a disc origin has been claimed.

Context. Tracing nuclear inflows and outflows in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), determining the mass of gas involved in them, and their impact on the host galaxy and nuclear black hole requires 3D imaging studies of both the ionized and molecular gas. Aims. We map the distribution and kinematics of molecular and ionized gas in a sample of active galaxies to quantify the nuclear inflows and outflows. Here, we analyze the nuclear kinematics of NGC 1566 via ALMA observations of the CO J:2-1 emission at 24 pc spatial and ∼2.6 km s−1 spectral resolution, and Gemini-GMOS/IFU observations of ionized gas emission lines and stellar absorption lines at similar spatial resolution, and 123 km s−1 of intrinsic spectral resolution. Methods. The morphology and kinematics of stellar, molecular (CO), and ionized ([N II]) emission lines are compared to the expectations from rotation, outflows, and streaming inflows. Results. While both ionized and molecular gas show rotation signatures, there are significant non-circular motions in the innermost 200 pc and along spiral arms in the central kpc (CO). The nucleus shows a double-peaked CO profile (full width at zero intensity of 200 km s−1), and prominent (∼80 km s−1) blue- and redshifted lobes are found along the minor axis in the inner arcseconds. Perturbations by the large-scale bar can qualitatively explain all features in the observed velocity field. We thus favor the presence of a molecular outflow in the disk with true velocities of ∼180 km s−1 in the nucleus and decelerating to 0 by ∼72 pc. The implied molecular outflow rate is 5.6 M⊙ yr−1, with this gas accumulating in the nuclear 2″ arms. The ionized gas kinematics support an interpretation of a similar but more spherical outflow in the inner 100 pc, with no signs of deceleration. There is some evidence of streaming inflows of ∼50 km s−1 along specific spiral arms, and the estimated molecular mass inflow rate, ∼0.1 M⊙ yr−1, is significantly higher than the SMBH accretion rate (ṁ = 4.8 × 10−5 M⊙ yr−1).

We present maps of the ionized gas flux distributions, excitation, star formation rate (SFR), surface mass density ΣH+, and obtain total values of SFR and ionized gas masses M for 62 active galactic nuclei (AGN) observed with SDSS-IV MaNGA and compare them with those of a control sample of 112 non-active galaxies. The most luminous AGN – with $L(\rm {[O\,{\small III}]}\lambda 5007) \ge 3.8\times 10^{40}\, \mbox{erg}\, \mbox{s}^{-1}$, and those hosted by earlier type galaxies are dominated by Seyfert excitation within 0.2 effective radius Re from the nucleus, surrounded by LINER excitation or transition regions, while the less luminous and hosted by later-type galaxies show equally frequent LINER and Seyfert excitation within $0.2\, R_\mathrm{ e}$. The extent R of the region ionized by the AGN follows the relation $R\propto \, L(\rm {[O\,{\small III}]})^{0.5}$ – as in the case of the broad-line region. The SFR distribution over the region ionized by hot stars is similar for AGN and controls, while the integrated SFR – in the range 10−3–10 M⊙ yr−1 is also similar for the late-type subsample, but higher in the AGN for 75 per cent of the early-type subsample. We thus conclude that there is no signature of AGN quenching star formation in the body of the galaxy in our sample. We also find that 66 per cent of the AGN have higher ionized gas masses M than the controls – in the range 105–3 × 107 M⊙ – while 75 per cent of the AGN have higher ΣH+ within $0.2\, R_\mathrm{ e}$ than the control galaxies.

As part of a high-resolution observational study of feeding and feedback processes occurring in the vicinity of the active galactic nucleus in 40 galaxies, we observed the inner 3′′.5 × 5 arcsec of the nearby spiral and Seyfert 2 galaxy UGC 2024 with the integral field unit of the Gemini-South Telescope. The observations enabled a study of the stellar and gas kinematics in this region at a spatial resolution of 0′′.5 (218 pc), and a spectral resolution of 36 km s−1 over the wavelength range 4100–7300 Å. For the strongest emission-lines (H β, [OIII] λ5007 Å, H α, [NII] λ6584 Å, and [SII] λλ6717,6731 Å) we derived maps of the flux, radial velocity, and velocity dispersion. The flux distribution and kinematics of the [OIII] emission line are roughly symmetric around the nucleus: the radial velocity is close to systemic over the full field of view. The kinematics of the other strong emission lines trace both this systemic velocity component, and ordered rotation (with kinematic centre 0′′.2 north-west of the nucleus). The stellar continuum morphology and kinematics are, however, asymmetrical around the nucleus. We interpret these unusual kinematics as the superposition of a component of gas rotating in the galaxy disc plus a ‘halo’ component of highly ionized gas. This halo either traces a quasi-spherical fountain with average radial velocity 200 km s−1, in which case the total nuclear outflow mass and momentum are 2 × 105 M⊙ and 4 × 107 M⊙ km s−1, respectively, or a dispersion supported halo created by a past nuclear starburst

Combining the precise parallaxes and optical photometry delivered by Gaia’s second data release with the photometric catalogues of Pan-STARRS1, 2MASS, and AllWISE, we derived Bayesian stellar parameters, distances, and extinctions for 265 million of the 285 million objects brighter than G = 18. Because of the wide wavelength range used, our results substantially improve the accuracy and precision of previous extinction and effective temperature estimates. After cleaning our results for both unreliable input and output data, we retain 137 million stars, for which we achieve a median precision of 5% in distance, 0.20 mag in V-band extinction, and 245 K in effective temperature for G ≤ 14, degrading towards fainter magnitudes (12%, 0.20 mag, and 245 K at G = 16; 16%, 0.23 mag, and 260 K at G = 17, respectively). We find a very good agreement with the asteroseismic surface gravities and distances of 7000 stars in the Kepler, K2-C3, and K2-C6 fields, with stellar parameters from the APOGEE survey, and with distances to star clusters. Our results are available through the ADQL query interface of the Gaia mirror at the Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (gaia.aip.de) and as binary tables at data.aip.de. As a first application, we provide distance- and extinction-corrected colour-magnitude diagrams, extinction maps as a function of distance, and extensive density maps. These demonstrate the potential of our value-added dataset for mapping the three-dimensional structure of our Galaxy. In particular, we see a clear manifestation of the Galactic bar in the stellar density distributions, an observation that can almost be considered direct imaging of the Galactic bar