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3. Development of an economic rearing and transport system for an arid-adapted strain of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus, for spider mite control

Author

Palevsky, Eric, Weintraub, Phyllis G., Zchori-Fein, Einat, Gal, Shira, Mozes-Daube, Neta, Argov, Yael, Castagnoli, Marisa, Liguori, Marialivia, Nannelli, Roberto, Simoni, Sauro, Tarchi, Franca, Guidi, Silvia, Goggioli, Donatella, Peverieri, Giuseppino Sabbatini, Schausberger, Peter, Walzer, Andreas, Enigl, Monika, Kreiter, Serge, Tixier, Marie-Stéphane, Guichou, Sabine, Bolckmans, Karel, van Houten, Yvonne, van Baal, Elmer, Belda, Jose Eduardo, Steinberg, Shimon, Shapira, Nurit, Charantonis, Dimitrios, Tsalis, George, Holmqvist, Raija, Gullans, Sune, Gross, Michael, Peternel, Patrick, van der Blom, Jan, Mesa, Juan Carlos Perez, Rosenthal, Gad, Goldfarb, Ofra, Sabelis, Maurice W., editor, and Bruin, Jan, editor

Published
2010
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13. Linking morphological and molecular taxonomy for the identification of poultry house, soil, and nest dwelling mites in the Western Palearctic

Author

European Commission, Young, Monica, Moraza, Maria L., Ueckermann, Eddie, Heylen, Dieter, Baardsen, Lisa F., Lima-Barbero, José Francisco, Gal, Shira, Gavish-Regev, Efrat, Gottlieb, Yuval, Roy, Lise, Recht, Eitan, El Adouzi, Marine, Palevsky, Eric, European Commission, Young, Monica, Moraza, Maria L., Ueckermann, Eddie, Heylen, Dieter, Baardsen, Lisa F., Lima-Barbero, José Francisco, Gal, Shira, Gavish-Regev, Efrat, Gottlieb, Yuval, Roy, Lise, Recht, Eitan, El Adouzi, Marine, and Palevsky, Eric

Abstract

Because of its ability to expedite specimen identification and species delineation, the barcode index number (BIN) system presents a powerful tool to characterize hyperdiverse invertebrate groups such as the Acari (mites). However, the congruence between BINs and morphologically recognized species has seen limited testing in this taxon. We therefore apply this method towards the development of a barcode reference library for soil, poultry litter, and nest dwelling mites in the Western Palearctic. Through analysis of over 600 specimens, we provide DNA barcode coverage for 35 described species and 70 molecular taxonomic units (BINs). Nearly 80% of the species were accurately identified through this method, but just 60% perfectly matched (1:1) with BINs. High intraspecific divergences were found in 34% of the species examined and likely reflect cryptic diversity, highlighting the need for revision in these taxa. These findings provide a valuable resource for integrative pest management, but also highlight the importance of integrating morphological and molecular methods for fine-scale taxonomic resolution in poorly-known invertebrate lineages.

Published
2019

20. The effects of a windborne pollen‐provisioning cover crop on the phytoseiid community in citrus orchards in Israel.

Author

Warburg, Sharon, Inbar, Moshe, Gal, Shira, Salomon, Mor, Palevsky, Eric, and Sadeh, Asaf

Subjects
PHYTOSEIIDAE, AMBLYSEIUS, PREDATORY mite, TWO-spotted spider mite, PARASITIFORMES
Abstract

BACKGROUND Several phytoseiid species can potentially control the citrus rust mite (CRM). Their effectiveness varies, however, as do their intraguild interactions. Under laboratory conditions, Euseius stipulatus, E. scutalis and Iphiseius degenerans preyed effectively on CRM, whereas Amblyseius swirskii and Typhlodromus athiasae had no effect on CRM. In combination with A. swirskii, Euseius numbers were reduced due to intraguild predation, and consequently CRM suppression was less effective. In the field, predatory mite species can be variably provisioned by windborne pollen released from cover crops such as Rhodes grass (RG). We aimed to determine the effects of RG on the phytoseiid community in two field experiments, on different cultivars (pomelo and Shamouti orange). We also tested these communities for negative interspecific abundance relationships that are expected if their respective laboratory‐observed intraguild interactions are manifested in the field. RESULTS: Overall, on pomelo, we observed a dominance of A. swirskii, relatively low E. stipulatus and high CRM abundances. Amblyseius swirskii and E. stipulatus abundances were both elevated near RG, despite apparent intraguild predation by A. swirskii. Conversely, T. athiasae abundances were lower near RG, likely due to predation by A. swirskii. On Shamouti, E. stipulatus abundances were much higher than on pomelo and were not negatively related to A. swirskii abundances. There, RG increased E. stipulatus abundance, and CRM was reduced. CONCLUSION: RG cover cropping can enhance CRM control, depending on variation in intraguild interactions among phytoseiids, particularly between A. swirskii and E. stipulatus. These may be modulated by climatic and/or cultivar effects. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry Pollen‐releasing Rhodes grass cover crop benefits predatory mite populations and modulates the intraguild interactions among them. These intraguild interactions also vary between orchards, with consequences for the indirect effect of Rhodes grass on citrus rust mite suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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22. Cydnoseius Muma 1967

Author

Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira, and Ueckermann, Edward A.

Subjects
Cydnoseius, Arthropoda, Arachnida, Mesostigmata, Animalia, Biodiversity, Phytoseiidae, Taxonomy
Abstract

Cydnoseius Muma 1967 Cydnoseius Muma 1967, p. 274; Chant and McMurtry, 2007, p. 137. Type species. Cydnoseius negevi Swirski and Amitai 1961., Published as part of Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira & Ueckermann, Edward A., 2009, Phytoseiidae from date palms in Israel with descriptions of two new taxa and a key to the species found on date palms worldwide (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 1715-1747 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1732, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902969484, http://zenodo.org/record/5216635, {"references":["Muma HM. 1967. New Phytoseiidae (Acarina: Mesostigmata) from southern Asia. Florida Entomol. 50: 267 - 280.","Chant DA, McMurtry JA. 2007. Illustrated keys and diagnoses for the genera and subgenera of the Phytoseiidae of the world (Acari: Mesostigmata). West Bloomfield (MI): Indira Publishing House. 220 p.","Swirski E, Amitai S. 1961. Some phytoseiid mites (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) of Israel, with a description of two new species. Israel J Agric Res. 11: 193 - 202."]}

Published
2009
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23. Metaseiulus Muma 1961

Author

Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira, and Ueckermann, Edward A.

Subjects
Arthropoda, Arachnida, Mesostigmata, Animalia, Biodiversity, Phytoseiidae, Metaseiulus, Taxonomy
Abstract

Metaseiulus Muma 1961 Metaseiulus Muma 1961, p. 294; Chant and McMurtry, 2007, p. 169. Type species. Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) validus Chant 1957., Published as part of Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira & Ueckermann, Edward A., 2009, Phytoseiidae from date palms in Israel with descriptions of two new taxa and a key to the species found on date palms worldwide (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 1715-1747 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1736, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902969484, http://zenodo.org/record/5216635, {"references":["Muma HM. 1961. Subfamilies, genera and species of Phytoseiidae (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Bull Fl State Mus, Biol Sci. 5: 267 - 302.","Chant DA, McMurtry JA. 2007. Illustrated keys and diagnoses for the genera and subgenera of the Phytoseiidae of the world (Acari: Mesostigmata). West Bloomfield (MI): Indira Publishing House. 220 p.","Chant DA. 1957. Description of some phytoseiid mites (Acarina: Phytoseiidae). Part I. Nine species from British Columbia with keys to the species of British Columbia. Part II. Redescriptions of eight species described by Berlese. Can. Entomol. 89: 289 - 308."]}

Published
2009
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24. Euseius Wainstein 1962

Author

Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira, and Ueckermann, Edward A.

Subjects
Arthropoda, Arachnida, Mesostigmata, Euseius, Animalia, Biodiversity, Phytoseiidae, Taxonomy
Abstract

Euseius Wainstein, 1962b Euseius Wainstein, 1962b, p. 15; Chant and McMurtry, 2007, p. 118. Type species. Seius finlandicus Oudemans, 1915., Published as part of Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira & Ueckermann, Edward A., 2009, Phytoseiidae from date palms in Israel with descriptions of two new taxa and a key to the species found on date palms worldwide (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 1715-1747 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1732, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902969484, http://zenodo.org/record/5216635, {"references":["Wainstein BA. 1962 b. Revision of the genus Typhlodromus Scheuten, 1857 and systematics of the family Phytoseiidae (Berlese, 1916) (Acarina: Parasitiformes). Acarologia. 4: 5 - 30. French.","Chant DA, McMurtry JA. 2007. Illustrated keys and diagnoses for the genera and subgenera of the Phytoseiidae of the world (Acari: Mesostigmata). West Bloomfield (MI): Indira Publishing House. 220 p.","Oudemans, A. C. 1915. Acarologische Aanteekeningen. LVI. Entomol Bericht, the Netherlands. 4: 180 - 188."]}

Published
2009
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25. Typhlodromus Scheuten 1857

Author

Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira, and Ueckermann, Edward A.

Subjects
Arthropoda, Arachnida, Mesostigmata, Typhlodromus, Animalia, Biodiversity, Phytoseiidae, Taxonomy
Abstract

Typhlodromus Scheuten 1857 Typhlodromus Scheuten 1857, p. 111; Chant and McMurtry, 2007 p. 147. Type species. Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 1857., Published as part of Palevsky, Eric, Gal, Shira & Ueckermann, Edward A., 2009, Phytoseiidae from date palms in Israel with descriptions of two new taxa and a key to the species found on date palms worldwide (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 1715-1747 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1737, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902969484, http://zenodo.org/record/5216635, {"references":["Scheuten A. 1857. Einiges uber Milben. Archiv fur Naturgesch. 23: 104 - 112.","Chant DA, McMurtry JA. 2007. Illustrated keys and diagnoses for the genera and subgenera of the Phytoseiidae of the world (Acari: Mesostigmata). West Bloomfield (MI): Indira Publishing House. 220 p."]}

Published
2009
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30. Intraguild interactions among specialised pollen feeders and generalist phytoseiids and their effect on citrus rust mite suppression.

Author

Maoz, Yonatan, Gal, Shira, Argov, Yael, Domeratzky, Sylvie, Coll, Moshe, and Palevsky, Eric

Subjects
PEST control, PREDATORY mite, SEEDLING diseases & pests, MITES, REPRODUCTION, FOOD
Abstract

BACKGROUND Antagonistic interactions among predators with shared prey are thought to hamper their ability to suppress herbivores. Our aim was to quantify intraguild interactions in omnivorous predatory mite assemblages in the presence of pollen, and assess their effect on pest populations. We focused on the following naturally occurring phytoseiid species in Israeli citrus orchards and their ability to suppress a key pest, the citrus rust mite ( CRM) Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Eriophyidae): the generalists Amblyseius swirskii and Typhlodromus athiasae and the specialised pollen feeders Iphiseius degenerans, Euseius scutalis, E. stipulatus and E. victoriensis. Evaluations were performed on two spatial scales, tree seedlings and leaf discs. RESULTS On seedlings, experiments were conducted to quantify the interactions between predators in the presence of pollen and its effects on CRM suppression. On leaf discs, intraguild interactions were studied between pairs of phytoseiid species in the presence of pollen without CRM. On seedlings, the specialised pollen predators were more effective at suppressing CRM populations than the generalist predators . CONCLUSION In most cases, the more aggressive intraguild predator was the specialised pollen feeder. Similarly, leaf-disc experiments suggest that in these interactions the specialised pollen feeders tend to be the intraguild predators more often than the intraguild prey. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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32. Biological activity of natural phytoecdysteroids from Ajuga iva against the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci and the persea mite Oligonychus perseae

Author

Aly, Radi, primary, Ravid, Uzi, additional, Abu-Nassar, Jackline, additional, Botnick, Ilan, additional, Lebedev, Galina, additional, Gal, Shira, additional, Ziadna, Hammam, additional, Achdari, Guy, additional, Smirov, Evgeny, additional, Meir, Ayala, additional, and Ghanim, Murad, additional

Published
2011
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39. Detection and Quantitation of Circulating Plasmodium falciparum DNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Author

Walker, John M., Lo, Y. M. Dennis, Chiu, Rossa W. K., Chan, K. C. Allen, Gal, Shira, and Wainscoat, James S.

Abstract

This chapter describes the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantitation of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in the plasma of malariainfected individuals. The procedure includes the following protocols: plasma sample preparation, DNA extraction, detection of P. falciparum DNA in the plasma by nested PCR, and quantitation of P. falciparum DNA in the plasma by real-time PCR technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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41. Determining an economic injury level for the persea mite, Oligonychus perseae, a new pest of avocado in Israel.

Author

Maoz, Yonatan, Gal, Shira, Zilberstein, Miriam, Izhar, Yoanatan, Alchanatis, Victor, Coll, Moshe, and Palevsky, Eric

Subjects
*AVOCADO, *ACARICIDES, *MITE control, *REGRESSION analysis, *LEAF diseases & pests
Abstract

The persea mite, Oligonychus perseae Tuttle, Baker & Abbatiello (Acari: Tetranychidae), a pest of avocado, was first discovered in Israel in the autumn of 2001. It has since spread to most avocado growing areas in Israel. To establish an economic injury level (EIL), based on the percentage of leaf area damaged (PLAD), we conducted an extensive field study. For three consecutive seasons we created distinct pest infestation levels on the Hass avocado cv., by applying acaricides (spirodiclofen and abamectin) at 50, 100, and 250 mites per leaf levels, along with non-sprayed controls in a replicated block design. At harvest time we evaluated the level of leaf damage and fruit yields across treatments. In two out of the 3 years, trees sprayed at 50 and 100 mites per leaf levels had similar PLAD values, differing from trees treated at the 250 mites per leaf level and the non-treated control, the latter pair also being similar. Over the 3 years, mean yield attained at the two higher infestation levels was reduced by 20% in comparison to the mean yields recorded for plots sprayed at the lower thresholds. Accordingly, we suggest that scouts adopt an action threshold (AT) of 50-100 mites per leaf. Future research is needed to refine this AT. Mean annual cumulative mite days (CMDs) of the two higher levels was ca. 13500 ± 700 per leaf. Using the linear regression equation PLAD = 0.0009CMDs + 2.42, describing leaf damage as a function of CMDs, we estimated an EIL of ca. 15 PLAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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42. Detection of Plasmodium falciparumDNA in Plasma

Author

GAL, SHIRA, FIDLER, CARRIE, TURNER, SUE, LO, Y. M. DENNIS, ROBERTS, DAVID J., and WAINSCOAT, JAMES S.

Abstract

We present a new application in the field of circulating nucleic acids in plasma: the detection of parasite DNA in plasma. We have investigated the presence of Plasmodium falciparum(P. falciparum) DNA in the blood cells and plasma of patients with malaria. Ten blood samples from malaria patients and 9 blood samples from healthy volunteers were collected. Plasma was separated and DNA was extracted from both plasma and blood cells. DNA samples were subjected to a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the small subunit rRNA gene of P. falciparumand a control amplification of the human rRNA gene. All 6 cases positive by microscopy for P. falciparumwere positive by PCR on DNA extracted from blood cells and plasma. Two cases negative by microscopy for malaria were positive by PCR-the blood samples were taken from one of the cases at 7 days after successful treatment of malaria and the other case at the onset of the malaria illness. Two other cases were negative by microscopy and by PCR on blood cells and plasma, both after successful treatment of malaria. The quantitation of PlasmodiumDNA in plasma may prove to be a useful prognostic measurement in malaria, and the detection of P. falciparumDNA in archival stored plasma samples may allow the reconstruction of the recent historic evolution of the parasite genome.

Published
2001
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43. Climatic and cultivar effects on phytoseiid species establishment and seasonal abundance on citrus

Author

Warburg, Sharon, Gafni, Roni, Inbar, Moshe, Gal, Shira, Palevsky, Eric, and Sadeh, Asaf

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, Arthropoda, conservation biological control, predatory mites, Animalia, 15. Life on land, ecosystem services, Acari, intraguild interactions, Acariformes
Abstract

The structure of phytoseiid communities on citrus varies among orchards and seasons, with potential implications for biocontrol services. Such variation may be driven by meteorological conditions and cultivar-specific traits. We conducted an outdoor seedling experiment to determine the effects of different cultivars on the establishment of introduced predatory mites (Euseius stipulatus and E. scutalis) and colonization by naturally occurring phytoseiids (Amblyseius swirskii, Iphiseius degenerans, and Typhlodromus athiasae) across seasons. Euseius stipulatus persisted through the spring only where it was released, regardless of cultivar, and reduced colonization by I. degenerans. In early summer (hot and dry conditions), nearly all phytoseiid species essentially disappeared, and after that only the naturally occurring A. swirskii and T. athiasae re-established. In mid-summer, A. swirskii colonized cultivars differentially, especially where pollen was provisioned, and was negatively related with the colonization of T. athiasae, which is known as its intraguild prey. Additionally, we performed laboratory experiments that simulated daily temperature fluctuations typical to spring and mid-summer seasons, measuring key demographic parameters of A. swirskii and E. stipulatus on leaf disc arenas of two citrus cultivars. Simulated spring temperatures resulted in higher total reproductive output in E. stipulatus than in A. swirskii, whereas mid-summer temperatures resulted in the opposite pattern. Both results are consistent with the seasonal patterns observed in the outdoor experiment. Together with the phytoseiid dynamics observed previously in commercial orchards, these findings emphasize the role of meteorological conditions and cultivars in the structure and function of phytoseiid communities., Acarologia, 59, 443-455

44. Detection and quantitation of circulating Plasmodium falciparum DNA by polymerase chain reaction.

Author

Gal S and Wainscoat JS

Subjects
Animals, DNA analysis, Humans, Temperature, Time Factors, DNA metabolism, Malaria blood, Malaria parasitology, Plasmodium falciparum metabolism, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction methods
Abstract

This chapter describes the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantitation of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in the plasma of malaria-infected individuals. The procedure includes the following protocols: plasma sample preparation, DNA extraction, detection of P. falciparum DNA in the plasma by nested PCR, and quantitation of P. falciparum DNA in the plasma by real-time PCR technology.

Published
2006
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