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1. Differential exposure to second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors from continental and insular regions of the Iberian Peninsula

Author

Martín Cruz, Beatriz, Rial Berriel, Cristian, Acosta Dacal, Andrea, Carromeu-Santos, Ana, Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine, Gabriel, Sofia I., Pastor Tiburón, Natalia, González González, Fernando, Fernández Valeriano, Rocío, Henríquez-Hernández, Luis Alberto, Zumbado-Peña, Manuel, and Luzardo, Octavio P.

Published
2024
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2. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Author

Grilo, Clara, Afonso, Beatriz C., Afonso, Filipe, Alexandre, Marta, Aliácar, Sara, Almeida, Ana, Alonso, Ivan Prego, Álvares, Francisco, Alves, Paulo, Alves, Paulo Célio, Alves, Pedro, Amado, Anabela, Amendoeira, Vitor, Amorim, Francisco, da Silva Aparício, Guilherme, Araújo, Ricardo, Ascensão, Fernando, Augusto, Margarida, Bandeira, Victor, Barbosa, A. Márcia, Barbosa, Soraia, Barbosa, Sérgio, Barreiro, Silvia, Barros, Paulo, Barros, Tânia, Barros, Filomena, Basto, Mafalda, Bernardino, Joana, Bicho, Sara, Biedma, Luis Eduardo, Borges, Marta, Braz, Luis, Brito, José Carlos, Brito, Tiago, Cabral, João Alexandre, Calzada, Javier, Camarinha, Cláudia, Carapuço, Mafalda, Cardoso, Paulo, Carmo, Mário, Carrapato, Carlos, da Silva Carrilho, Maílis, Carvalho, Diogo Filipe T. C. S., Carvalho, Filipe, Carvalho, João, Castro, Diana, Castro, Guilherme, Castro, Joana, Castro, Luis Roma, Catry, Filipe Xavier, Cerveira, Ana M., Cid, André, Clarke, Rafael, Conde, Conceição, Conde, José, Costa, Jorge, Costa, Mafalda, Costa, Pedro, Costa, Cristina, do Couto, André Pedro, Craveiro, João, Dias, Marta, Dias, Sofia, Duarte, Beatriz, Duro, Virginia, Encarnação, Cláudia, Eufrázio, Sofia, Fael, António, Falé, João Salvador, Faria, Sandra, Fernandes, Carlos, Fernandes, Margarida, da Costa, Gonçalo Ferrão, Ferreira, Clara, Ferreira, Diogo F., Ferreira, Eduardo, Ferreira, Joaquim Pedro, Ferreira, João, Ferreira, Diana, Fonseca, Carlos, Fontes, Inês, Fragoso, Ricardo, Franco, Claudia, Freitas, Tamira, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gibb, Rory, Gil, Patricia, Gomes, Carla Patricia Jorge, Horta, Pedro, Gomes, Pedro, Gomes, Verónica, Grilo, Filipa, Guedes, Américo, Guilherme, Filipa, Gutiérrez, Iván, Harper, Henry, Herrera, José M., Hipólito, Dário, Infante, Samuel, Jesus, José, Jones, Kate E., Laborde, Marina I., de Oliveira, Luís Lamas, Leitão, Inês, Lemos, Rita, Lima, Cátia, Linck, Paloma, Lopes, Hugo, Lopes, Susana, López-Baucells, Adrià, Loureiro, Armando, Loureiro, Filipa, Lourenço, Rui, Lourenço, Sofia, Lucas, Paula, Magalhães, Ana, Maldonado, Cristina, Marcolin, Fabio, Marques, Sara, Marques, J. Tiago, Marques, Carina, Marques, Paulo, Marrecas, Pedro Caetano, Martins, Frederico, Martins, Raquel, Mascarenhas, Miguel, Mata, Vanessa A., Mateus, Ana Rita, Matos, Milene, Medinas, Denis, Mendes, Tiago, Mendes, Gabriel, Mestre, Frederico, Milhinhas, Catarina, Mira, António, Monarca, Rita I., Monteiro, Norberto, Monteiro, Barbara, Monterroso, Pedro, Nakamura, Mónia, Negrões, Nuno, Nóbrega, Eva K., Nóvoa, Miguel, Nunes, Manuel, Nunes, Nuno Jardim, Oliveira, Flávio, Oliveira, José Miguel, Palmeirim, Jorge M., Pargana, João, Paula, Anabela, Paupério, Joana, Pedroso, Nuno M., Pereira, Guilherme, Pereira, Pedro F., Pereira, José, Pereira, Maria João Ramos, Petrucci-Fonseca, Francisco, Pimenta, Miguel, Pinto, Sara, Pinto, Nuno, Pires, Rosa, Pita, Ricardo, Pontes, Carlos, Quaresma, Marisa, Queirós, João, Queirós, Luís, Rainho, Ana, da Graça Ramalhinho, Maria, Ramalho, Patrícia, Raposeira, Helena, Rasteiro, Francisco, Rebelo, Hugo, Regala, Frederico Tátá, Reto, Dyana, Ribeiro, Sérgio Bruno, Rio-Maior, Helena, Rocha, Ricardo, Rocha, Rita Gomes, Rodrigues, Luísa, Román, Jacinto, Roque, Sara, Rosalino, Luís Miguel, do Rosário, Inês T., Rossa, Mariana, Russo, Danilo, Sá, Pedro, Sabino-Marques, Helena, Salgueiro, Vânia, Santos, Helena, Santos, Joana, Santos, João P. V., Santos, Nuno, Santos, Sara, Santos, Carlos Pedro, Santos-Reis, Margarida, Serronha, Ana, Sierra, Pablo, Silva, Bruno, Silva, Carla S. G. M., Silva, Clara, Silva, Diogo, da Silva, Luís P., Silva, Ricardo, Silva, Carmen, da Silva, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues, Sousa, Pedro, Sousa-Guedes, Diana, Spadoni, Giulia, Tapisso, Joaquim T., Teixeira, Daniela, Teixeira, Sérgio, Teixeira, Nuno, Torres, Rita T., Travassos, Paulo, Vale-Gonçalves, Hélia, Cidraes-Vieira, Nuno, von Merten, Sophie, and da Luz Mathias, Maria

Published
2022

3. House Mice in the Atlantic Region: Genetic Signals of Their Human Transport.

Author

Gabriel, Sofia I., Hughes, Jonathan J., Herman, Jeremy S., Baines, John F., Giménez, Mabel D., Gray, Melissa M., Hardouin, Emilie A., Payseur, Bret A., Ryan, Peter G., Sánchez-Chardi, Alejandro, Ulrich, Rainer G., Mathias, Maria da Luz, and Searle, Jeremy B.

Subjects
*COLONIZATION (Ecology), *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA, *HAPLOTYPES, *MARITIME history, *COLONIZATION
Abstract

Background/Objectives: The colonization history of house mice reflects the maritime history of humans that passively transported them worldwide. We investigated western house mouse colonization in the Atlantic region through studies of mitochondrial D-loop DNA sequences from modern specimens. Methods: We assembled a dataset of 758 haplotypes derived from 2765 mice from 47 countries/oceanic archipelagos (a combination of new and published data). Our maximum likelihood phylogeny recovered five previously identified clades, and we used the haplotype affinities within the phylogeny to infer house mouse colonization history, employing statistical tests and indices. From human history, we predefined four European source areas for mice in the Atlantic region (Northern Europe excluding Scandinavia, Southern Europe, Scandinavia, and Macaronesia) and we investigated the colonization from these source areas to different geographic areas in the Atlantic region. Results: Our inferences suggest mouse colonization of Scandinavia itself from Northern Europe, and Macaronesia from both Southern Europe and Scandinavia/Germany (the latter likely representing the transport of mice by Vikings). Mice on North Atlantic islands apparently derive primarily from Scandinavia, while for South Atlantic islands, North America, and Sub-Saharan Africa, the clearest source is Northern Europe, although mice on South Atlantic islands also had genetic inputs from Macaronesia and Southern Europe (for Tristan da Cunha). Macaronesia was a stopover for Atlantic voyages, creating an opportunity for mouse infestation. Mice in Latin America also apparently had multiple colonization sources, with a strong Southern European signal but also input from Northern Europe and/or Macaronesia. Conclusions: D-loop sequences help discern the broad-scale colonization history of house mice and new perspectives on human history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Assessing Optimal Cell Counts in Sperm Shape Abnormality Assays in Rodents.

Author

Cardoso, Elizandra, Mathias, Maria da Luz, Monarca, Rita I., and Gabriel, Sofia I.

Subjects
SPERM count, SPERMATOZOA, SCIENTIFIC literature, RODENT populations, LITERATURE reviews, RODENTS
Abstract

Simple Summary: The analysis of sperm shape abnormalities is commonly used to assess the toxicity of pollutants and drugs and their genotoxic effects. This methodology is widely used based on counting the number of abnormal spermatozoa; however, in the literature, there is a wide variety of sperm counts, and standardization for cost-effectiveness and robust results remains essential. In this study, we reviewed the literature on the number of sperm counts in such assessments involving rodents, published from 1969 to 2023. A new dataset involving the analysis of two wild rodent populations was produced to infer the number of counts that provides the highest robustness of assay results. A range of 100 to 6000 was recorded in the literature review, and for each animal in the populations herein studied, 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 cells were counted sequentially, and anomalies were recorded. We propose that studies addressing sperm shape abnormalities should standardize counts to an optimal value of 1000 cells per animal, ensuring statistical power and better cost-effectiveness. Rodents have been the preferred models for the evaluation of the toxicity of pollutants and drugs and their genotoxic effects, including sperm shape abnormalities. The scientific literature is dominated by studies conducted with model animals in laboratory conditions, but a generally accepted and standardized protocol addressing the optimal number of sperm cells to count is still lacking. In this study, we reviewed the literature regarding the number of counted sperm cells in such assessments, published from 1969 to 2023. To infer the number of counts providing the best cost/benefit regarding the robustness of the assay results, a new dataset involving the analysis of two populations of wild rodents was produced. We evaluated the frequency of sperm shape abnormalities in a total of 50 wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) captured in two port cities, aiming to detect the impact of differential sperm cell counts in the obtained results. During necropsy, the fresh epididymis tail of adult male rats was excised, and sperm cells were fixated in slides. For each animal, a total of 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 cells were sequentially counted, and head abnormalities were registered. Counting 300 sperm cells failed to detect significant differences between groups and 500 counts resulted in marginally significant differences. Only when 1000 or 2000 sperm cells were counted, significant differences emerged between groups. We propose that studies addressing sperm shape abnormalities should standardize counts to an optimal value of 1000 cells per animal, warranting robust statistical results while providing the best compromise concerning labor time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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9. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Author

Grilo, Clara, Afonso, Beatriz C., Afonso, Filipe, Alexandre, Marta, Aliácar, Sara, Almeida, Ana, Alonso, Ivan Prego, Álvares, Francisco, Alves, Paulo, Alves, Paulo Célio, Alves, Pedro, Duarte, Beatriz, Duro, Virginia, Encarnação, Cláudia, Eufrázio, Sofia, Fael, António, Falé, João Salvador, Faria, Sandra, Fernandes, C, Fernandes, Margarida, Lopes, Susana, Rosalino, L. M., Costa, Gonçalo Ferrão, Ferreira, Clara, Ferreira, Diogo F., Ferreira, Eduardo, Ferreira, Joaquim Pedro, Ferreira, João, Ferreira, Diana, Fonseca, Carlos, Fontes, Inês, Fragoso, Ricardo, Rosário, Inês T., López-Baucells, Adrià, Franco, Claudia, Freitas, Tamira, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gibb, Rory, Gil, Patricia, Gomes, Carla Patricia Jorge, Horta, Pedro, Gomes, Pedro, Gomes, Verónica, Rossa, Mariana, Grilo, Ana Filipa, Amado, Anabela, Guedes, Américo, Guilherme, Filipa, Gutiérrez, Iván, Harper, Henry, Herrera, José M., Hipólito, Dário, Infante, Samuel, Jesus, José, Russo, Danilo, Loureiro, Armando, Loureiro, Filipa, Lourenço, Rui, Lourenço, Sofia, Lucas, Paula, Magalhães, Ana, Maldonado, Cristina, Marcolin, Fabio, Marques, Sara, Marques, J. Tiago, Sá, Pedro, Amendoeira, Vitor, Marques, Carina, Marques, Paulo, Marrecas, Pedro Caetano, Martins, Frederico, Martins, Raquel, Mascarenhas, Miguel, Mata, Vanessa A., Mateus, Ana Rita, Matos, Milene, Sabino‐Marques, Helena, Medinas, Denis, Amorim, Francisco, Mendes, Tiago, Mendes, Gabriel, Mestre, Frederico, Milhinhas, Catarina, Mira, António, Monarca, Rita I., Monteiro, Norberto, Monteiro, Barbara, Salgueiro, Vânia, Monterroso, Pedro, Nakamura, Mónia, Silva Aparício, Guilherme, Negrões, Nuno, Nóbrega, Eva K., Nóvoa, Miguel, Nunes, Manuel, Nunes, Nuno Jardim, Oliveira, Flávio, Oliveira, José Miguel, Santos, Helena, M. Palmeirim, Jorge, Pargana, João, Paula, Anabela, Araújo, Ricardo, Paupério, Joana, Pedroso, Nuno M., Pereira, Guilherme, Pereira, Pedro F., Pereira, José, Pereira, Maria João Ramos, Santos, Joana, Petrucci-Fonseca, Francisco, Pimenta, Miguel, Pinto, Sara, Pinto, Nuno, Ascensão, Fernando, Pires, Rosa, Pita, Ricardo, Pontes, Carlos, Quaresma, Marisa, Queirós, João, Barbosa, A. Márcia, Queirós, Luís, Rainho, Ana, Graça Ramalhinho, Maria, Ramalho, Patrícia, Raposeira, Helena, Augusto, Margarida, Rasteiro, Francisco, Rebelo, Hugo, Regala, Frederico Tátá, Reto, Dyana, Jones, Kate E., Ribeiro, Sérgio Bruno, Rio‐Maior, Helena, Rocha, Ricardo, Rocha, Rita Gomes, Rodrigues, Luísa, Román, Jacinto, Bandeira, Victor, Roque, Sara, Santos, João P. V., Santos, Nuno, Santos, Sara, Santos, Carlos Pedro, Santos-Reis, Margarida, Serronha, Ana, Sierra, Pablo, Silva, Bruno, Silva, Carla S. G. M., Silva, Clara, Laborde, Marina I., Barbosa, Soraia, Silva, Diogo, Silva, Luís P., Silva, Ricardo, Silva, Carmen, Silva Júnior, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues, Sousa, Pedro, Sousa‐Guedes, Diana, Spadoni, Giulia, Tapisso, Joaquim T., Oliveira, Luís Lamas, Teixeira, Daniela, Barbosa, Sérgio, Teixeira, Sérgio, Teixeira, Nuno, Torres, Rita T., Travassos, Paulo, Vale‐Gonçalves, Hélia, Cidraes‐Vieira, Nuno, Merten, Sophie, Luz Mathias, Maria, Leitão, Inês, Barreiro, Silvia, Barros, Paulo, Barros, Tânia, Barros, Filomena, Pinto Basto, Mafalda, Bernardino, Joana, Bicho, Sara, Biedma, Luis Eduardo, Borges, Marta, Braz, Luis, Lemos, Rita, Brito, José Carlos, Brito, Tiago, Cabral, João Alexandre, Calzada, Javier, Camarinha, Cláudia, Carapuço, Mafalda, Cardoso, Paulo, Carmo, Mário, Carrapato, Carlos, Silva Carrilho, Maílis, Lima, Cátia, Carvalho, Diogo Filipe T. C. S., Carvalho, Filipe, Carvalho, João, Castro, Diana, Castro, Guilherme, Castro, Joana, Castro, Luis Roma, Catry, Filipe Xavier, Cerveira, Ana M., Cid, André, Linck, Paloma, Clarke, Rafael, Conde, Conceição, Conde, José, Costa, Jorge, Costa, Mafalda, Costa, Pedro, Costa, Cristina, Couto, André Pedro, Craveiro, João, Dias, Marta, Lopes, Hugo, Dias, Sofia, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

Abstract

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.

Published
2022

11. Macaronesia as a Fruitful Arena for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology

Author

Florencio, Margarita, Patiño, Jairo, Nogué, Sandra, Traveset, Anna, Borges, Paulo A. V., Schaefer, Hanno, Amorim, Isabel R., Arnedo, Miquel A., Ávila, Sérgio P., Cardoso, Pedro, de Nascimento, Lea, Fernández-Palacios, José María, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gil, Artur, Gonçalves, Vítor, Haroun, Ricardo, Illera, Juan Carlos, López-Darias, Marta, Martínez, Alejandro, Martins, Gustavo M., Neto, Ana I., Nogales, Manuel, Oromí, Pedro, Rando, J. Carlos, Raposeiro, Pedro M., Rigal, François, Romeiras, Maria M., Silva, Luís, Valido, Alfredo, Vanderpoorten, Alain, Vasconcelos, Raquel, Santos, Ana Margarida C., Zoology, Cabildo de Tenerife, and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil)

Subjects
biodiversity hotspot, Speciation, Biotic interactions, Alien species, alien species, RED LIST CRITERIA, MOUSE MUS-MUSCULUS, biotic interactions, INTRODUCED HONEY-BEES, volcanic oceanic islands, INTEGRATIVE TAXONOMIC REVISION, long distance dispersal, Biodiversity hotspots, reverse colonisation, 1172 Environmental sciences, Reverse colonisation, extinction, Extinction, LAND-USE CHANGE, Volcanic oceanic islands, Long distance dispersal, OCEANIC ISLANDS, SEED DISPERSAL, speciation, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, GENETIC DIVERSITY, ECHIUM-WILDPRETII BORAGINACEAE, SANTA-MARIA ISLAND
Abstract

Research in Macaronesia has led to substantial advances in ecology, evolution and conservation biology. We review the scientific developments achieved in this region, and outline promising research avenues enhancing conservation. Some of these discoveries indicate that the Macaronesian flora and fauna are composed of rather young lineages, not Tertiary relicts, predominantly of European origin. Macaronesia also seems to be an important source region for back-colonisation of continental fringe regions on both sides of the Atlantic. This group of archipelagos (Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canary Islands, and Cabo Verde) has been crucial to learn about the particularities of macroecological patterns and interaction networks on islands, providing evidence for the development of the General Dynamic Model of oceanic island biogeography and subsequent updates. However, in addition to exceptionally high richness of endemic species, Macaronesia is also home to a growing number of threatened species, along with invasive alien plants and animals. Several innovative conservation and management actions are in place to protect its biodiversity from these and other drivers of global change. The Macaronesian Islands are a well-suited field of study for island ecology and evolution research, mostly due to its special geological layout with 40 islands grouped within five archipelagos differing in geological age, climate and isolation. A large amount of data is now available for several groups of organisms on and around many of these islands. However, continued efforts should be made toward compiling new information on their biodiversity, to pursue various fruitful research avenues and develop appropriate conservation management tools. The Island Biology Interest Group (IBIG, http://www.ibigbiology.com) is grateful to the organisers of the 2016 Island Biology Conference held in the Azores for promoting the symposium that led to this manuscript. We thank Joaquin Hortal for useful comments on an early version of the manuscript, and also Guido Jones for his language editing funded by the Cabildo de Tenerife, under the TFinnova Programme supported by MEDI and FDCAN funds. We are grateful to Salvador de la Cruz and Elena Morales for extracting updated information from the Biodiversity Data Bank of the Canary Islands. We also thank Ricardo Ramalho (Cardiff University) for fruitful discussions on the geological age of the Cabo Verde islands. This manuscript is a contribution by the INCT in Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation funded by MCTIC/CNPq/FAPEG (grant 465610/2014-5).

Published
2021

13. Macaronesia as a Fruitful Arena for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology

Author

Florencio, Margarita, primary, Patiño, Jairo, additional, Nogué, Sandra, additional, Traveset, Anna, additional, Borges, Paulo A. V., additional, Schaefer, Hanno, additional, Amorim, Isabel R., additional, Arnedo, Miquel, additional, Ávila, Sérgio P., additional, Cardoso, Pedro, additional, de Nascimento, Lea, additional, Fernández-Palacios, José María, additional, Gabriel, Sofia I., additional, Gil, Artur, additional, Gonçalves, Vítor, additional, Haroun, Ricardo, additional, Illera, Juan Carlos, additional, López-Darias, Marta, additional, Martínez, Alejandro, additional, Martins, Gustavo M., additional, Neto, Ana I., additional, Nogales, Manuel, additional, Oromí, Pedro, additional, Rando, Juan Carlos, additional, Raposeiro, Pedro M., additional, Rigal, François, additional, Romeiras, Maria M., additional, Silva, Luís, additional, Valido, Alfredo, additional, Vanderpoorten, Alain, additional, Vasconcelos, Raquel, additional, and Santos, Ana M. C., additional

Published
2021
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14. Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Lineages of Staphylococcus aureus from Wild Rodents: First Report of mecC-Positive Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in Portugal

Author

Silva, Vanessa, primary, Gabriel, Sofia I., additional, Borrego, Sofia B., additional, Tejedor-Junco, Maria Teresa, additional, Manageiro, Vera, additional, Ferreira, Eugénia, additional, Reis, Lígia, additional, Caniça, Manuela, additional, Capelo, José L., additional, Igrejas, Gilberto, additional, and Poeta, Patrícia, additional

Published
2021
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15. Macaronesia as a Fruitful Arena for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology

Author

Cabildo de Tenerife, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), Florencio, Margarita, Patiño, Jairo, Nogué, Sandra, Traveset, Anna, Borges, Paulo A.V., Schaefer, Hanno, Amorim, Isabel R., Arnedo, Miquel A., Ávila, Sérgio P., Cardoso, Pedro, de Nascimento, Lea, Fernández-Palacios, José María, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gil, Artur, Gonçalves, Vítor, Haroun, Ricardo, Illera, Juan Carlos, López-Darias, Marta, Martínez García, Alejandro, Martins, Gustavo M., Neto, Ana I., Nogales, Manuel, Oromí, Pedro, Rando, J. Carlos, Raposeiro, Pedro M., Rigal, François, Romeiras, Maria M., Silva, Luis, Valido, Alfredo, Vanderpoorten, Alain, Vasconcelos, Raquel, Santos, Ana Margarida C., Cabildo de Tenerife, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), Florencio, Margarita, Patiño, Jairo, Nogué, Sandra, Traveset, Anna, Borges, Paulo A.V., Schaefer, Hanno, Amorim, Isabel R., Arnedo, Miquel A., Ávila, Sérgio P., Cardoso, Pedro, de Nascimento, Lea, Fernández-Palacios, José María, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gil, Artur, Gonçalves, Vítor, Haroun, Ricardo, Illera, Juan Carlos, López-Darias, Marta, Martínez García, Alejandro, Martins, Gustavo M., Neto, Ana I., Nogales, Manuel, Oromí, Pedro, Rando, J. Carlos, Raposeiro, Pedro M., Rigal, François, Romeiras, Maria M., Silva, Luis, Valido, Alfredo, Vanderpoorten, Alain, Vasconcelos, Raquel, and Santos, Ana Margarida C.

Abstract

Research in Macaronesia has led to substantial advances in ecology, evolution and conservation biology. We review the scientific developments achieved in this region, and outline promising research avenues enhancing conservation. Some of these discoveries indicate that the Macaronesian flora and fauna are composed of rather young lineages, not Tertiary relicts, predominantly of European origin. Macaronesia also seems to be an important source region for back-colonisation of continental fringe regions on both sides of the Atlantic. This group of archipelagos (Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canary Islands, and Cabo Verde) has been crucial to learn about the particularities of macroecological patterns and interaction networks on islands, providing evidence for the development of the General Dynamic Model of oceanic island biogeography and subsequent updates. However, in addition to exceptionally high richness of endemic species, Macaronesia is also home to a growing number of threatened species, along with invasive alien plants and animals. Several innovative conservation and management actions are in place to protect its biodiversity from these and other drivers of global change. The Macaronesian Islands are a well-suited field of study for island ecology and evolution research, mostly due to its special geological layout with 40 islands grouped within five archipelagos differing in geological age, climate and isolation. A large amount of data is now available for several groups of organisms on and around many of these islands. However, continued efforts should be made toward compiling new information on their biodiversity, to pursue various fruitful research avenues and develop appropriate conservation management tools.

Published
2021

17. PRDM9 Diversity at Fine Geographical Scale Reveals Contrasting Evolutionary Patterns and Functional Constraints in Natural Populations of House Mice

Author

Vara, Covadonga, primary, Capilla, Laia, additional, Ferretti, Luca, additional, Ledda, Alice, additional, Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A, additional, Gabriel, Sofia I, additional, Albert-Lizandra, Guillermo, additional, Florit-Sabater, Beatriu, additional, Bello-Rodríguez, Judith, additional, Ventura, Jacint, additional, Searle, Jeremy B, additional, Mathias, Maria L, additional, and Ruiz-Herrera, Aurora, additional

Published
2019
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18. Colonization, mouse-style

Author

Searle Jeremy B, Jones Eleanor P, Jóhannesdóttir Fríða, and Gabriel Sofia I

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Several recent papers, including one in BMC Evolutionary Biology, examine the colonization history of house mice. As well as background for the analysis of mouse adaptation, such studies offer a perspective on the history of movements of the humans that accidentally transported the mice. See research article: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/10/325

Published
2010
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20. Demographic history of a recent invasion of house mice on the isolated Island of Gough

Author

Gray, Melissa M., Wegmann, Daniel, Haasl, Ryan J., White, Michael A., Gabriel, Sofia I., Searle, Jeremy B., Cuthbert, Richard J., Ryan, Peter G., and Payseur, Bret A.

Abstract

Island populations provide natural laboratories for studying key contributors to evolutionary change, including natural selection, population size and the colonization of new environments. The demographic histories of island populations can be reconstructed from patterns of genetic diversity. House mice (Mus musculus) inhabit islands throughout the globe, making them an attractive system for studying island colonization from a genetic perspective. Gough Island, in the central South Atlantic Ocean, is one of the remotest islands in the world. House mice were introduced to Gough Island by sealers during the 19th century and display unusual phenotypes, including exceptionally large body size and carnivorous feeding behaviour. We describe genetic variation in Gough Island mice using mitochondrial sequences, nuclear sequences and microsatellites. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial sequences suggested that Gough Island mice belong to Mus musculus domesticus, with the maternal lineage possibly originating in England or France. Cluster analyses of microsatellites revealed genetic membership for Gough Island mice in multiple coastal populations in Western Europe, suggesting admixed ancestry. Gough Island mice showed substantial reductions in mitochondrial and nuclear sequence variation and weak reductions in microsatellite diversity compared with Western European populations, consistent with a population bottleneck. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) estimated that mice recently colonized Gough Island (~100 years ago) and experienced a 98% reduction in population size followed by a rapid expansion. Our results indicate that the unusual phenotypes of Gough Island mice evolved rapidly, positioning these mice as useful models for understanding rapid phenotypic evolution.

Published
2014

21. Genetic differentiation within and away from the chromosomal rearrangements characterising hybridising chromosomal races of the western house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus)

Author

Foerster, Daniel W., Jones, Eleanor P., Johannesdottir, Frioa, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gimenez, Mabel D., Panithanarak, Thadsin, Hauffe, Heidi C., Searle, Jeremy B., Foerster, Daniel W., Jones, Eleanor P., Johannesdottir, Frioa, Gabriel, Sofia I., Gimenez, Mabel D., Panithanarak, Thadsin, Hauffe, Heidi C., and Searle, Jeremy B.

Abstract

The importance of chromosomal rearrangements for speciation can be inferred from studies of genetic exchange between hybridising chromosomal races within species. Reduced fertility or recombination suppression in karyotypic hybrids has the potential to maintain or promote genetic differentiation in genomic regions near rearrangement breakpoints. We studied genetic exchange between two hybridising groups of chromosomal races of house mouse in Upper Valtellina (Lombardy, Italy), using microsatellites. These groups differ by Robertsonian fusions and/or whole-arm reciprocal translocations such that F-1 hybrids have a chain-of-five meiotic configuration. Previous studies showed genetic differentiation in two chromosomes in the chain-of-five (10 and 12) close to their centromeres (i.e. the rearrangement breakpoints); we have shown here that the centromeric regions of the other two chromosomes in the chain (2 and 8) are similarly differentiated. The internal chromosomes of the chain (8 and 12) show the greatest differentiation, which may reflect pairing and recombination properties of internal and external elements in a meiotic chain. Importantly, we found that centromeric regions of some non-rearranged chromosomes also showed genetic differentiation between the hybridising groups, indicating a complex interplay between chromosomal rearrangements and other parts of the genome in maintaining or promoting differentiation and potentially driving speciation between chromosomal races.

Published
2016
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22. R2d2 drives selfish sweeps in the house mouse

Author

Didion, John P, Morgan, Andrew P, Yadgary, Liran, Bell, Timothy A, McMullan, Rachel C, de Solorzano, Lydia Ortiz, Britton-Davidian, Janice, Bult, Carol J, Campbell, Karl J, Castiglia, Riccardo, Ching, Yung-Hao, Chunco, Amanda J, Crowley, James J, Chesler, Elissa J, Förster, Daniel W, French, John E, Gabriel, Sofia I, Gatti, Daniel M, Garland, Theodore, Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B, Giménez, Mabel D, Grize, Sofia A, Günduz, Islam, Holmes, Andrew, Hauffe, Heidi C, Herman, Jeremy S, Holt, James M, Hua, Kunjie, Jolley, Wesley J, Lindholm, Anna K, Lopez-Fuster, Maria J, Mitsainas, George, da Luz Mathias, Maria, McMillan, Leonard, da Graca Morgado Ramalhinho, Maria, Rehermann, Barbara, Rosshart, Stephan P, Searle, Jeremy B, Shiao, Meng-Shin, Solano, Emanuela, Svenson, Karen L, Thomas-Laemont, Patricia, Threadgill, David W, Ventura, Jacint, Weinstock, George M, Pomp, Daniel, Churchill, Gary A, de Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel, Didion, John P, Morgan, Andrew P, Yadgary, Liran, Bell, Timothy A, McMullan, Rachel C, de Solorzano, Lydia Ortiz, Britton-Davidian, Janice, Bult, Carol J, Campbell, Karl J, Castiglia, Riccardo, Ching, Yung-Hao, Chunco, Amanda J, Crowley, James J, Chesler, Elissa J, Förster, Daniel W, French, John E, Gabriel, Sofia I, Gatti, Daniel M, Garland, Theodore, Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B, Giménez, Mabel D, Grize, Sofia A, Günduz, Islam, Holmes, Andrew, Hauffe, Heidi C, Herman, Jeremy S, Holt, James M, Hua, Kunjie, Jolley, Wesley J, Lindholm, Anna K, Lopez-Fuster, Maria J, Mitsainas, George, da Luz Mathias, Maria, McMillan, Leonard, da Graca Morgado Ramalhinho, Maria, Rehermann, Barbara, Rosshart, Stephan P, Searle, Jeremy B, Shiao, Meng-Shin, Solano, Emanuela, Svenson, Karen L, Thomas-Laemont, Patricia, Threadgill, David W, Ventura, Jacint, Weinstock, George M, Pomp, Daniel, Churchill, Gary A, and de Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel

Abstract

A selective sweep is the result of strong positive selection driving newly occurring or standing genetic variants to fixation, and can dramatically alter the pattern and distribution of allelic diversity in a population. Population-level sequencing data have enabled discoveries of selective sweeps associated with genes involved in recent adaptations in many species. In contrast, much debate but little evidence addresses whether “selfish” genes are capable of fixation – thereby leaving signatures identical to classical selective sweeps – despite being neutral or deleterious to organismal fitness. We previously described R2d2, a large copy-number variant that causes non-random segregation of mouse Chromosome 2 in females due to meiotic drive. Here we show population-genetic data consistent with a selfish sweep driven by alleles of R2d2 with high copy number (R2d2HC) in natural populations. We replicate this finding in multiple closed breeding populations from six outbred backgrounds segregating for R2d2 alleles. We find that R2d2HC rapidly increases in frequency, and in most cases becomes fixed in significantly fewer generations than can be explained by genetic drift. R2d2HC is also associated with significantly reduced litter sizes in heterozygous mothers, making it a true selfish allele. Our data provide direct evidence of populations actively undergoing selfish sweeps, and demonstrate that meiotic drive can rapidly alter the genomic landscape in favor of mutations with neutral or even negative effects on overall Darwinian fitness. Further study will reveal the incidence of selfish sweeps, and will elucidate the relative contributions of selfish genes, adaptation and genetic drift to evolution.

Published
2016

23. A Half-Century of Studies on a Chromosomal Hybrid Zone of the House Mouse

Author

Giménez, Mabel D., primary, Förster, Daniel W., additional, Jones, Eleanor P., additional, Jóhannesdóttir, Fríða, additional, Gabriel, Sofia I., additional, Panithanarak, Thadsin, additional, Scascitelli, Moira, additional, Merico, Valeria, additional, Garagna, Silvia, additional, Searle, Jeremy B., additional, and Hauffe, Heidi C., additional

Published
2016
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24. R2d2Drives Selfish Sweeps in the House Mouse

Author

Didion, John P., primary, Morgan, Andrew P., additional, Yadgary, Liran, additional, Bell, Timothy A., additional, McMullan, Rachel C., additional, Ortiz de Solorzano, Lydia, additional, Britton-Davidian, Janice, additional, Bult, Carol J., additional, Campbell, Karl J., additional, Castiglia, Riccardo, additional, Ching, Yung-Hao, additional, Chunco, Amanda J., additional, Crowley, James J., additional, Chesler, Elissa J., additional, Förster, Daniel W., additional, French, John E., additional, Gabriel, Sofia I., additional, Gatti, Daniel M., additional, Garland, Theodore, additional, Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B., additional, Giménez, Mabel D., additional, Grize, Sofia A., additional, Gündüz, İslam, additional, Holmes, Andrew, additional, Hauffe, Heidi C., additional, Herman, Jeremy S., additional, Holt, James M., additional, Hua, Kunjie, additional, Jolley, Wesley J., additional, Lindholm, Anna K., additional, López-Fuster, María J., additional, Mitsainas, George, additional, da Luz Mathias, Maria, additional, McMillan, Leonard, additional, Ramalhinho, Maria da Graça Morgado, additional, Rehermann, Barbara, additional, Rosshart, Stephan P., additional, Searle, Jeremy B., additional, Shiao, Meng-Shin, additional, Solano, Emanuela, additional, Svenson, Karen L., additional, Thomas-Laemont, Patricia, additional, Threadgill, David W., additional, Ventura, Jacint, additional, Weinstock, George M., additional, Pomp, Daniel, additional, Churchill, Gary A., additional, and Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando, additional

Published
2016
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25. R2d2 drives selfish sweeps in the house mouse

Author

Didion, John P, primary, Morgan, Andrew Parker, additional, Yadgary, Liran, additional, Bell, Timothy A, additional, McMullan, Rachel Clara, additional, Ortiz de Solorzano, Lydia, additional, Britton-Davidian, Janice, additional, Bult, Carol J, additional, Campbell, Karl J, additional, Castiglia, Riccardo, additional, Ching, Yung-Hao, additional, Chunco, Amanda J, additional, Crowley, James J, additional, Chesler, Elissa J, additional, French, John E, additional, Gabriel, Sofia I, additional, Gatti, Daniel M, additional, Garland, Theodore, additional, Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B, additional, Giménez, Mabel D, additional, Grize, Sofia A, additional, Gündüz, İslam, additional, Holmes, Andrew, additional, Hauffe, Heidi C, additional, Herman, Jeremy S, additional, Holt, James M, additional, Hua, Kunji, additional, Jolley, Wesley J, additional, Lindholm, Anna K, additional, López-Fuster, María J, additional, Mitsainas, George, additional, Mathias, Maria, additional, McMillan, Leonard, additional, Ramalhinho, M Graça, additional, Rehermann, Barbara, additional, Rosshart, Stephan P, additional, Searle, Jeremy B, additional, Shiao, Meng-Shin, additional, Solano, Emanuela, additional, Svenson, Karen L, additional, Thomas-Laemont, Pat, additional, Threadgill, David W, additional, Ventura Queija, Jacint, additional, Weinstock, George M, additional, Pomp, Daniel, additional, Churchill, Gary A, additional, and Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando, additional

Published
2015
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27. Colonization, mouse-style

Author

Gabriel, Sofia I., Jóhannesdóttir, Fríða, Jones, Eleanor P., Searle, Jeremy B., Gabriel, Sofia I., Jóhannesdóttir, Fríða, Jones, Eleanor P., and Searle, Jeremy B.

Abstract

Several recent papers, including one in BMC Evolutionary Biology, examine the colonization history of house mice. As well as background for the analysis of mouse adaptation, such studies offer a perspective on the history of movements of the humans that accidentally transported the mice.

Published
2010
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28. Phylogeography of Rattus norvegicus in the South Atlantic Ocean.

Author

Hingston, Melanie, Poncet, Sally, Passfield, Ken, Tabak, Michael A., Gabriel, Sofia I., Piertney, Stuart B., and Russell, James C.

Subjects
RATTUS norvegicus, RODENT geographical distribution, RODENT populations
Abstract

Norway rats are a globally distributed invasive species, which have colonized many islands around the world, including in the South Atlantic Ocean. We investigated the phylogeography of Norway rats across the South Atlantic Ocean and bordering continental countries. We identified haplotypes from 517 bp of the hypervariable region I of the mitochondrial D-loop and constructed a Bayesian consensus tree and median-joining network incorporating all other publicly available haplotypes via an alignment of 364 bp. Three Norway rat haplotypes are present across the islands of the South Atlantic Ocean, including multiple haplotypes separated by geographic barriers within island groups. All three haplotypes have been previously recorded from European countries. Our results support the hypothesis of rapid Norway rat colonization of South Atlantic Ocean islands by sea-faring European nations from multiple European ports of origin. This seems to have been the predominant pathway for repeated Norway rat invasions of islands, even within the same archipelago, rather than within-island dispersal across geographic barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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29. R2d2 Drives Selfish Sweeps in the House Mouse.

Author

Didion, John P., Morgan, Andrew P., Yadgary, Liran, Bell, Timothy A., McMullan, Rachel C., de Solorzano, Lydia Ortiz, Britton-Davidian, Janice, Bult, Carol J., Campbell, Karl J., Castiglia, Riccardo, Yung-Hao Ching, Chunco, Amanda J., Crowley, James J., Chesler, Elissa J., Förster, Daniel W., French, John E., Gabriel, Sofia I., Gatti, Daniel M., Garland Jr, Theodore, and Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B.

Abstract

A selective sweep is the result of strong positive selection driving newly occurring or standing genetic variants to fixation, and can dramatically alter the pattern and distribution of allelic diversity in a population. Population-level sequencing data have enabled discoveries of selective sweeps associated with genes involved in recent adaptations in many species. In contrast, much debate but little evidence addresses whether "selfis" genes are capable of fixation-thereby leaving signatures identical to classical selective sweeps0-despite being neutral or deleterious to organismal fitness. We previously described R2d2, a large copy-number variant that causes nonrandom segregation ofmouse Chromosome 2 in females due to meiotic drive. Here we show population-genetic data consistent with a selfish sweep driven by alleles of R2d2 with high copy number (R2d2HC) in natural populations. We replicate this finding inmultiple closed breeding populations from six outbred backgrounds segregating for R2d2 alleles. We find that R2d2HC rapidly increases in frequency, and in most cases becomes fixed in significantly fewer generations than can be explained by genetic drift. R2d2HC is also associated with significantly reduced litter sizes in heterozygous mothers, making it a true selfish allele. Our data provide direct evidence of populations actively undergoing selfish sweeps, and demonstrate that meiotic drive can rapidly alter the genomic landscape in favor of mutations with neutral or even negative effects on overall Darwinian fitness. Further study will reveal the incidence of selfish sweeps, and will elucidate the relative contributions of selfish genes, adaptation and genetic drift to evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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32. Colonization, mouse-style

Author

Gabriel, Sofia I, primary, Jóhannesdóttir, Fríða, additional, Jones, Eleanor P, additional, and Searle, Jeremy B, additional

Published
2010
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33. Genetic structure of house mouse ( M us musculus Linnaeus 1758) populations in the Atlantic archipelago of the Azores: colonization and dispersal.

Author

Gabriel, Sofia I., Mathias, Maria Da Luz, and Searle, Jeremy B.

Subjects
*MICE genetics, *MICROSATELLITE repeats, *NUCLEOTIDE sequence, *POPULATION genetics, *HETEROZYGOSITY, *ANIMAL species, *COLONIZATION (Ecology), *ANIMAL dispersal, *ARCHIPELAGOES
Abstract

We analyzed the genetic structure and relationships of house mouse ( M us musculus) populations in the remote Atlantic archipelago of the Azores using nuclear sequences and microsatellites. We typed Btk and Zfy2 to confirm that the subspecies M us musculus domesticus was the predominant genome in the archipelago. Nineteen microsatellite loci (one per autosome) were typed in a total of 380 individuals from all nine Azorean islands, the neighbouring Madeiran archipelago ( Madeira and Porto Santo islands), and mainland Portugal. Levels of heterozygosity were high on the islands, arguing against population bottlenecking. The Azorean house mouse populations were differentiated from the Portuguese and Madeiran populations and no evidence of recent migration between the three was obtained. Within the Azores, the Eastern, Western, and Central island groups tended to act as separate genetic units for house mice, with some exceptions. In particular, there was evidence of recent migration events among islands of the Central island group, whose populations were relatively undifferentiated. Santa Maria had genetically distinctive mice, which may relate to its colonization history. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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34. Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Lineages of Staphylococcus aureus from Wild Rodents: First Report of mec C-Positive Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in Portugal.

Author

Silva, Vanessa, Gabriel, Sofia I., Borrego, Sofia B., Tejedor-Junco, Maria Teresa, Manageiro, Vera, Ferreira, Eugénia, Reis, Lígia, Caniça, Manuela, Capelo, José L., Igrejas, Gilberto, and Poeta, Patrícia

Subjects
*METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus, *DRUG resistance in microorganisms, *STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, *RODENT populations, *GENETIC variation, *DRUG resistance in bacteria, *MURIDAE
Abstract

Simple Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is present in the microbiota of both humans and some animal species, being recognized as one of the most important opportunistic human pathogens. S. aureus is responsible for causing a variety of infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is particularly important, as it is becoming increasingly prevalent in the population. MRSA has been increasingly reported among wild free-living animals which may impose a public health concern due to its zoonotic potential. To investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus and MRSA in wild synanthropic rodent populations, we conducted this study on 204 rodents captured in port areas in Portugal. The antimicrobial resistance was investigated in all isolates as well as virulence genes and genetic lineages. Thirty-eight S. aureus were isolated. The results showed that six MRSA were detected with particularly interesting mecC-carrying MRSA isolates which had not yet been found in Portugal. A low frequency of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes was observed among the isolates. Nevertheless, a high diversity of clonal lineages was detected among S. aureus some of which are associated with livestock. The frequent carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), by wild animals along with its zoonotic potential poses a public health problem. Furthermore, the repeated detection of the mecA gene homologue, mecC, in wildlife raises the question whether these animals may be a reservoir for mecC-MRSA. Thus, we aimed to isolate S. aureus and MRSA from wild rodents living in port areas and to characterize their antimicrobial resistance and genetic lineages. Mouth and rectal swab samples were recovered from 204 wild rodents. The samples were incubated in BHI broth with 6.5% of NaCl and after 24 h at 37 °C the inoculum was seeded onto Baird-Parker agar, Mannitol Salt agar and ORSAB (supplemented with 2 mg/L of oxacillin) plates. Species identification was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method against 14 antibiotics. The presence of virulence and resistance genes was performed by PCR. The immune evasion cluster (IEC) system was investigated in all S. aureus. All isolates were characterized by MLST, spa- and agr typing. From 204 samples, 38 S. aureus were isolated of which six MRSA were detected. Among the six MRSA isolates, three harbored the mecC gene and the other three, the mecA gene. All mecC-MRSA isolates were ascribed to sequence type (ST) 1945 (which belongs to CC130) and spa-type t1535 whereas the mecA isolates belonged to ST22 and ST36 and spa-types t747 and t018. Twenty-five S. aureus were susceptible to all antibiotics tested. S. aureus isolates were ascribed to 11 MLST and 12 spa-types. S. aureus presents a great diversity of genetic lineages in wild rodents. This is the first report of mecC-MRSA in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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35. R2d2 Drives Selfish Sweeps in the House Mouse

Author

Searle, Jeremy B., Didion, John P., Pomp, Daniel, Solano, Emanuela, López-Fuster, María J., Ventura, Jacint, Ramalhinho, Maria Da Graça Morgado, Churchill, Gary A., Morgan, Andrew P., McMullan, Rachel C., Giménez, Mabel D., Ching, Yung-Hao, Garland, Theodore, Castiglia, Riccardo, Bult, Carol J., Gündüz, Islam, Bell, Timothy A., Grize, Sofia A., Chesler, Elissa J., Lindholm, Anna K., Weinstock, George M., Gatti, Daniel M., Hauffe, Heidi C., Förster, Daniel W., French, John E., Da Luz Mathias, Maria, Holmes, Andrew, Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B., Mitsainas, George, De Solorzano, Lydia Ortiz, Rehermann, Barbara, Rosshart, Stephan P., De Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel, Chunco, Amanda J., Britton-Davidian, Janice, Threadgill, David W., Svenson, Karen L., Holt, James M., Gabriel, Sofia I., Shiao, Meng-Shin, Crowley, James J., Campbell, Karl J., Hua, Kunjie, McMillan, Leonard, Jolley, Wesley J., Herman, Jeremy S., Yadgary, Liran, and Thomas-Laemont, Patricia

Subjects
2. Zero hunger
Abstract

A selective sweep is the result of strong positive selection driving newly occurring or standing genetic variants to fixation, and can dramatically alter the pattern and distribution of allelic diversity in a population. Population-level sequencing data have enabled discoveries of selective sweeps associated with genes involved in recent adaptations in many species. In contrast, much debate but little evidence addresses whether “selfish” genes are capable of fixation—thereby leaving signatures identical to classical selective sweeps—despite being neutral or deleterious to organismal fitness. We previously described R2d2, a large copy-number variant that causes nonrandom segregation of mouse Chromosome 2 in females due to meiotic drive. Here we show population-genetic data consistent with a selfish sweep driven by alleles of R2d2 with high copy number (R2d2HC) in natural populations. We replicate this finding in multiple closed breeding populations from six outbred backgrounds segregating for R2d2 alleles. We find that R2d2HC rapidly increases in frequency, and in most cases becomes fixed in significantly fewer generations than can be explained by genetic drift. R2d2HC is also associated with significantly reduced litter sizes in heterozygous mothers, making it a true selfish allele. Our data provide direct evidence of populations actively undergoing selfish sweeps, and demonstrate that meiotic drive can rapidly alter the genomic landscape in favor of mutations with neutral or even negative effects on overall Darwinian fitness. Further study will reveal the incidence of selfish sweeps, and will elucidate the relative contributions of selfish genes, adaptation and genetic drift to evolution.

36. Demographic history of a recent invasion of house mice on the isolated Island of Gough

Author

Gray, Melissa M., Wegmann, Daniel, Haasl, Ryan J., White, Michael A., Gabriel, Sofia I., Searle, Jeremy B., Cuthbert, Richard J., Ryan, Peter G., Payseur, Bret A., Gray, Melissa M., Wegmann, Daniel, Haasl, Ryan J., White, Michael A., Gabriel, Sofia I., Searle, Jeremy B., Cuthbert, Richard J., Ryan, Peter G., and Payseur, Bret A.

Abstract

Island populations provide natural laboratories for studying key contributors to evolutionary change, including natural selection, population size and the colonization of new environments. The demographic histories of island populations can be reconstructed from patterns of genetic diversity. House mice (Mus musculus) inhabit islands throughout the globe, making them an attractive system for studying island colonization from a genetic perspective. Gough Island, in the central South Atlantic Ocean, is one of the remotest islands in the world. House mice were introduced to Gough Island by sealers during the 19th century and display unusual phenotypes, including exceptionally large body size and carnivorous feeding behaviour. We describe genetic variation in Gough Island mice using mitochondrial sequences, nuclear sequences and microsatellites. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial sequences suggested that Gough Island mice belong to Mus musculus domesticus, with the maternal lineage possibly originating in England or France. Cluster analyses of microsatellites revealed genetic membership for Gough Island mice in multiple coastal populations in Western Europe, suggesting admixed ancestry. Gough Island mice showed substantial reductions in mitochondrial and nuclear sequence variation and weak reductions in microsatellite diversity compared with Western European populations, consistent with a population bottleneck. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) estimated that mice recently colonized Gough Island (~100 years ago) and experienced a 98% reduction in population size followed by a rapid expansion. Our results indicate that the unusual phenotypes of Gough Island mice evolved rapidly, positioning these mice as useful models for understanding rapid phenotypic evolution.

37. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL: A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Author

Clara Grilo, Beatriz C. Afonso, Filipe Afonso, Marta Alexandre, Sara Aliácar, Ana Almeida, Ivan Prego Alonso, Francisco Álvares, Paulo Alves, Paulo Célio Alves, Pedro Alves, Anabela Amado, Vitor Amendoeira, Francisco Amorim, Guilherme Silva Aparício, Ricardo Araújo, Fernando Ascensão, Margarida Augusto, Victor Bandeira, A. Márcia Barbosa, Soraia Barbosa, Sérgio Barbosa, Silvia Barreiro, Paulo Barros, Tânia Barros, Filomena Barros, Mafalda Basto, Joana Bernardino, Sara Bicho, Luis Eduardo Biedma, Marta Borges, Luis Braz, José Carlos Brito, Tiago Brito, João Alexandre Cabral, Javier Calzada, Cláudia Camarinha, Mafalda Carapuço, Paulo Cardoso, Mário Carmo, Carlos Carrapato, Maílis Silva Carrilho, Diogo Filipe T. C. S. Carvalho, Filipe Carvalho, João Carvalho, Diana Castro, Guilherme Castro, Joana Castro, Luis Roma Castro, Filipe Xavier Catry, Ana M. Cerveira, André Cid, Rafael Clarke, Conceição Conde, José Conde, Jorge Costa, Mafalda Costa, Pedro Costa, Cristina Costa, André Pedro Couto, João Craveiro, Marta Dias, Sofia Dias, Beatriz Duarte, Virginia Duro, Cláudia Encarnação, Sofia Eufrázio, António Fael, João Salvador Falé, Sandra Faria, Carlos Fernandes, Margarida Fernandes, Gonçalo Ferrão Costa, Clara Ferreira, Diogo F. Ferreira, Eduardo Ferreira, Joaquim Pedro Ferreira, João Ferreira, Diana Ferreira, Carlos Fonseca, Inês Fontes, Ricardo Fragoso, Claudia Franco, Tamira Freitas, Sofia I. Gabriel, Rory Gibb, Patricia Gil, Carla Patricia Jorge Gomes, Pedro Horta, Pedro Gomes, Verónica Gomes, Filipa Grilo, Américo Guedes, Filipa Guilherme, Iván Gutiérrez, Henry Harper, José M. Herrera, Dário Hipólito, Samuel Infante, José Jesus, Kate E. Jones, Marina I. Laborde, Luís Lamas Oliveira, Inês Leitão, Rita Lemos, Cátia Lima, Paloma Linck, Hugo Lopes, Susana Lopes, Adrià López‐Baucells, Armando Loureiro, Filipa Loureiro, Rui Lourenço, Sofia Lourenço, Paula Lucas, Ana Magalhães, Cristina Maldonado, Fabio Marcolin, Sara Marques, J. Tiago Marques, Carina Marques, Paulo Marques, Pedro Caetano Marrecas, Frederico Martins, Raquel Martins, Miguel Mascarenhas, Vanessa A. Mata, Ana Rita Mateus, Milene Matos, Denis Medinas, Tiago Mendes, Gabriel Mendes, Frederico Mestre, Catarina Milhinhas, António Mira, Rita I. Monarca, Norberto Monteiro, Barbara Monteiro, Pedro Monterroso, Mónia Nakamura, Nuno Negrões, Eva K. Nóbrega, Miguel Nóvoa, Manuel Nunes, Nuno Jardim Nunes, Flávio Oliveira, José Miguel Oliveira, Jorge M. Palmeirim, João Pargana, Anabela Paula, Joana Paupério, Nuno M. Pedroso, Guilherme Pereira, Pedro F. Pereira, José Pereira, Maria João Ramos Pereira, Francisco Petrucci‐Fonseca, Miguel Pimenta, Sara Pinto, Nuno Pinto, Rosa Pires, Ricardo Pita, Carlos Pontes, Marisa Quaresma, João Queirós, Luís Queirós, Ana Rainho, Maria Graça Ramalhinho, Patrícia Ramalho, Helena Raposeira, Francisco Rasteiro, Hugo Rebelo, Frederico Tátá Regala, Dyana Reto, Sérgio Bruno Ribeiro, Helena Rio‐Maior, Ricardo Rocha, Rita Gomes Rocha, Luísa Rodrigues, Jacinto Román, Sara Roque, Luís Miguel Rosalino, Inês T. Rosário, Mariana Rossa, Danilo Russo, Pedro Sá, Helena Sabino‐Marques, Vânia Salgueiro, Helena Santos, Joana Santos, João P. V. Santos, Nuno Santos, Sara Santos, Carlos Pedro Santos, Margarida Santos‐Reis, Ana Serronha, Pablo Sierra, Bruno Silva, Carla S. G. M. Silva, Clara Silva, Diogo Silva, Luís P. Silva, Ricardo Silva, Carmen Silva, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues Silva Júnior, Pedro Sousa, Diana Sousa‐Guedes, Giulia Spadoni, Joaquim T. Tapisso, Daniela Teixeira, Sérgio Teixeira, Nuno Teixeira, Rita T. Torres, Paulo Travassos, Hélia Vale‐Gonçalves, Nuno Cidraes‐Vieira, Sophie Merten, Maria Luz Mathias, Grilo, Clara, Afonso, Beatriz C, Afonso, Filipe, Alexandre, Marta, Aliácar, Sara, Almeida, Ana, Alonso, Ivan Prego, Álvares, Francisco, Alves, Paulo, Alves, Paulo Célio, Alves, Pedro, Amado, Anabela, Amendoeira, Vitor, Amorim, Francisco, da Silva Aparício, Guilherme, Araújo, Ricardo, Ascensão, Fernando, Augusto, Margarida, Bandeira, Victor, Barbosa, A Márcia, Barbosa, Soraia, Barbosa, Sérgio, Barreiro, Silvia, Barros, Paulo, Barros, Tânia, Barros, Filomena, Basto, Mafalda, Bernardino, Joana, Bicho, Sara, Biedma, Luis Eduardo, Borges, Marta, Braz, Lui, Brito, José Carlo, Brito, Tiago, Cabral, João Alexandre, Calzada, Javier, Camarinha, Cláudia, Carapuço, Mafalda, Cardoso, Paulo, Carmo, Mário, Carrapato, Carlo, da Silva Carrilho, Maíli, Carvalho, Diogo Filipe T C S, Carvalho, Filipe, Carvalho, João, Castro, Diana, Castro, Guilherme, Castro, Joana, Castro, Luis Roma, Catry, Filipe Xavier, Cerveira, Ana M, Cid, André, Clarke, Rafael, Conde, Conceição, Conde, José, Costa, Jorge, Costa, Mafalda, Costa, Pedro, Costa, Cristina, do Couto, André Pedro, Craveiro, João, Dias, Marta, Dias, Sofia, Duarte, Beatriz, Duro, Virginia, Encarnação, Cláudia, Eufrázio, Sofia, Fael, António, Falé, João Salvador, Faria, Sandra, Fernandes, Carlo, Fernandes, Margarida, da Costa, Gonçalo Ferrão, Ferreira, Clara, Ferreira, Diogo F, Ferreira, Eduardo, Ferreira, Joaquim Pedro, Ferreira, João, Ferreira, Diana, Fonseca, Carlo, Fontes, Inê, Fragoso, Ricardo, Franco, Claudia, Freitas, Tamira, Gabriel, Sofia I, Gibb, Rory, Gil, Patricia, Gomes, Carla Patricia Jorge, Horta, Pedro, Gomes, Pedro, Gomes, Verónica, Grilo, Filipa, Guedes, Américo, Guilherme, Filipa, Gutiérrez, Iván, Harper, Henry, Herrera, José M, Hipólito, Dário, Infante, Samuel, Jesus, José, Jones, Kate E, Laborde, Marina I, de Oliveira, Luís Lama, Leitão, Inê, Lemos, Rita, Lima, Cátia, Linck, Paloma, Lopes, Hugo, Lopes, Susana, López-Baucells, Adrià, Loureiro, Armando, Loureiro, Filipa, Lourenço, Rui, Lourenço, Sofia, Lucas, Paula, Magalhães, Ana, Maldonado, Cristina, Marcolin, Fabio, Marques, Sara, Marques, J Tiago, Marques, Carina, Marques, Paulo, Marrecas, Pedro Caetano, Martins, Frederico, Martins, Raquel, Mascarenhas, Miguel, Mata, Vanessa A, Mateus, Ana Rita, Matos, Milene, Medinas, Deni, Mendes, Tiago, Mendes, Gabriel, Mestre, Frederico, Milhinhas, Catarina, Mira, António, Monarca, Rita I, Monteiro, Norberto, Monteiro, Barbara, Monterroso, Pedro, Nakamura, Mónia, Negrões, Nuno, Nóbrega, Eva K, Nóvoa, Miguel, Nunes, Manuel, Nunes, Nuno Jardim, Oliveira, Flávio, Oliveira, José Miguel, Palmeirim, Jorge M, Pargana, João, Paula, Anabela, Paupério, Joana, Pedroso, Nuno M, Pereira, Guilherme, Pereira, Pedro F, Pereira, José, Pereira, Maria João Ramo, Petrucci-Fonseca, Francisco, Pimenta, Miguel, Pinto, Sara, Pinto, Nuno, Pires, Rosa, Pita, Ricardo, Pontes, Carlo, Quaresma, Marisa, Queirós, João, Queirós, Luí, Rainho, Ana, da Graça Ramalhinho, Maria, Ramalho, Patrícia, Raposeira, Helena, Rasteiro, Francisco, Rebelo, Hugo, Regala, Frederico Tátá, Reto, Dyana, Ribeiro, Sérgio Bruno, Rio-Maior, Helena, Rocha, Ricardo, Rocha, Rita Gome, Rodrigues, Luísa, Román, Jacinto, Roque, Sara, Rosalino, Luís Miguel, do Rosário, Inês T, Rossa, Mariana, Russo, Danilo, Sá, Pedro, Sabino-Marques, Helena, Salgueiro, Vânia, Santos, Helena, Santos, Joana, Santos, João P V, Santos, Nuno, Santos, Sara, Santos, Carlos Pedro, Santos-Reis, Margarida, Serronha, Ana, Sierra, Pablo, Silva, Bruno, Silva, Carla S G M, Silva, Clara, Silva, Diogo, da Silva, Luís P, Silva, Ricardo, Silva, Carmen, da Silva Júnior, Flavio Manoel Rodrigue, Sousa, Pedro, Sousa-Guedes, Diana, Spadoni, Giulia, Tapisso, Joaquim T, Teixeira, Daniela, Teixeira, Sérgio, Teixeira, Nuno, Torres, Rita T, Travassos, Paulo, Vale-Gonçalves, Hélia, Cidraes-Vieira, Nuno, von Merten, Sophie, and da Luz Mathias, Maria

Subjects
1873-2021, Mammals, EuropeIberian Peninsula, Portugal, Animal, Climate Change, Carnivora, Eulipotyphla, Rodentia, Rabbit, Lagomorpha, Mammal, Europe, Rodentiaspecies distribution, Chiroptera, Animals, species distribution, Rabbits, Cetartiodactyla, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, Iberian Peninsula
Abstract

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n=12,159], Monachus monachus [n=1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications.

Published
2021

38. Of Mice and ‘Convicts’: Origin of the Australian House Mouse, Mus musculus

Author

Maria da Luz Mathias, Mark I. Stevens, Sofia I. Gabriel, Jeremy B. Searle, Gabriel, Sofia I, Stevens, Mark I, da Luz, Mathias Maria, and Searle, Jeremy B

Subjects
Mitochondrial DNA, genomic DNA, Mouse, Animal Evolution, Molecular Sequence Data, lcsh:Medicine, Zoology, Tasmania, House mouse, Invasive species, animal tissue, Mice, Model Organisms, Phylogenetics, genetic variability, Animals, Humans, Colonization, lcsh:Science, Biology, Phylogeny, mouse, Evolutionary Biology, Multidisciplinary, Source area, Geography, biology, lcsh:R, Haplotype, Australia, Paleontology, Genetic Variation, Animal Models, biology.organism_classification, Organismal Evolution, Phylogeography, Mammalogy, Biogeography, Evolutionary Ecology, lcsh:Q, Research Article
Abstract

The house mouse, Mus musculus, is one of the most ubiquitous invasive species worldwide and in Australia is particularly common and widespread, but where it originally came from is still unknown. Here we investigated this origin through a phylogeographic analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences (D-loop) comparing mouse populations from Australia with those from the likely regional source area in Western Europe. Our results agree with human historical associations, showing a strong link between Australia and the British Isles. This outcome is of intrinsic and applied interest and helps to validate the colonization history of mice as a proxy for human settlement history. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2011
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39. Assessing Optimal Cell Counts in Sperm Shape Abnormality Assays in Rodents.

Author

Cardoso E, Mathias MDL, Monarca RI, and Gabriel SI

Abstract

Rodents have been the preferred models for the evaluation of the toxicity of pollutants and drugs and their genotoxic effects, including sperm shape abnormalities. The scientific literature is dominated by studies conducted with model animals in laboratory conditions, but a generally accepted and standardized protocol addressing the optimal number of sperm cells to count is still lacking. In this study, we reviewed the literature regarding the number of counted sperm cells in such assessments, published from 1969 to 2023. To infer the number of counts providing the best cost/benefit regarding the robustness of the assay results, a new dataset involving the analysis of two populations of wild rodents was produced. We evaluated the frequency of sperm shape abnormalities in a total of 50 wild brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) captured in two port cities, aiming to detect the impact of differential sperm cell counts in the obtained results. During necropsy, the fresh epididymis tail of adult male rats was excised, and sperm cells were fixated in slides. For each animal, a total of 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 cells were sequentially counted, and head abnormalities were registered. Counting 300 sperm cells failed to detect significant differences between groups and 500 counts resulted in marginally significant differences. Only when 1000 or 2000 sperm cells were counted, significant differences emerged between groups. We propose that studies addressing sperm shape abnormalities should standardize counts to an optimal value of 1000 cells per animal, warranting robust statistical results while providing the best compromise concerning labor time.

Published
2023
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