6,094 results on '"GUERRILLA warfare"'
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2. Proto-Insurgency, Repression-Driven Contagion, and Civil War Onset.
- Author
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Quinn, Jason, Mason, T. David, Kirisci, Mustafa, and Sharif, Sally
- Subjects
- *
CIVIL war , *INSURGENCY , *INTERNATIONAL conflict , *ACCESS to justice , *POLITICAL persecution , *GUERRILLA warfare , *POLITICAL refugees , *WAR - Abstract
The escalation of militarized interstate disputes (MIDs) into interstate wars has been studied extensively with opportunity and willingness frameworks. In this article, we conceptualize and operationalize proto-insurgencies as a civil war equivalent to MIDs. Just as most MIDs do not escalate into interstate war, most proto-insurgencies never make the key tactical transitions needed to produce the onset of civil war. We separately examine proto-insurgency formation and proto-insurgency escalation to onset. We find that proto-insurgency formation is associated with political persecution, such as denial of access to justice, regime corruption, and mid-range levels of repression. Our theoretical focus is on how state repressive violence creates diffusion effects that push proto-insurgencies toward the tactical transitions that enable the escalation to civil war. Proto-insurgency escalation to civil war onset is driven by high levels of state repressive violence directed against proto-insurgency and its area of origin. This leads to the dispersal of proto-insurgents and the displacement of surrounding populations, inducing the spread of state repression to a larger number of administrative units. This creates the foundation for guerrilla warfare and establishes the conditions for rebels to offer sanctuary to displaced persons in return for active support, marking the onset of civil war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Analysis on the Actions of Ukrainian Special Operations Forces in the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict (February 2022 – February 2024).
- Author
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Neag, Mihai Marcel and Solescu, Daniel
- Subjects
RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,SPECIAL forces (Military science) ,LOGISTICS ,RUSSIAN armed forces ,GUERRILLA warfare - Abstract
This article scrutinizes the actions of the Special Operations Forces in Ukraine to derive conclusions after nearly two years of warfare, shedding light on potential shifts in tactics for both the Russian and Ukrainian armed forces in the near future. It underscores the strategies employed by Ukraine's Special Operations Forces, emphasizing engagements behind enemy lines to dismantle command structures, neutralize VIPs within the Russian military, sabotage logistics hubs, and disrupt supply chains. Additionally, it examines the organization and resistance efforts within territories temporarily occupied by the Russian Federation's Army, showcasing the pivotal role played by Ukrainian special forces in impeding Russia's utilization of strategic assets and hampering its military endeavours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. BREAKING HISTORY’S WORST SIEGE.
- Author
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HARDIMAN, LOUIS
- Subjects
WORLD War II ,GUERRILLA warfare ,URBAN warfare ,AIR warfare ,TELECOMMUNICATION systems ,MORALE ,PRISONERS of war - Abstract
The article discusses the siege of Leningrad during World War II and the efforts made by the Red Army to break the siege. It highlights the experiences of both the Red Army soldiers and the civilians in Leningrad, who endured extreme suffering and starvation. The difficult terrain and the strong defenses of the Wehrmacht made it challenging for the Red Army to break out. However, through Operation Iskra, the Red Army was able to successfully break the siege and push the Wehrmacht west. The article also touches on the impact of partisan activity and the manipulation of history by Stalin to shape the Soviet Union's memory of the war. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
5. THE INCA AT WAR.
- Author
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Horton, James
- Subjects
INFANTRY ,INTELLIGENCE officers ,GUERRILLA warfare ,DECIMAL system ,AERIAL bombing ,INSURGENCY - Abstract
The Inca Empire's military played a crucial role in its rapid expansion and dominance over neighboring tribes. The Inca leaders used diplomacy to encourage tribes to join their empire peacefully, but they also had a powerful military to enforce their demands. The Inca army started as a standing force to protect farmers in the Cusco Valley and later transitioned to a temporary army made up of soldiers from subservient tribes. The army consisted of diverse warriors with different weapons and armor, and they relied on an extensive road network and intelligence network for efficient recruitment and deployment. However, the Inca army lacked advanced technology like iron and steel, which ultimately contributed to their downfall when the Spanish arrived. Despite their military prowess, the Inca were unable to overcome the superior weaponry and diseases brought by the Spanish conquistadors. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
6. HOME GUARD.
- Author
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CHATTERTON, ANDREW
- Subjects
SPANISH Civil War, 1936-1939 ,WORLD War I ,TRAINING of volunteers ,WORLD War II ,GUERRILLA warfare ,VOLUNTEER service - Abstract
The Home Guard in Britain during World War II was not like the characters in Dad's Army, but rather well-armed men with combat experience from World War I. The Home Guard had various roles, including countering parachutists, defending important sites, and even carrying out covert operations. The article discusses the existence of Home Guard guerrilla units in different regions of Britain, challenging the perception of the Home Guard as ill-equipped and ineffective. These guerrilla units would have played a crucial role in the overall defensive strategy against a potential German invasion. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
7. PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN WAR.
- Subjects
WAR ,REPUBLICANS ,GUERRILLA warfare ,MARTIAL law ,UNITED States armed forces ,WAR casualties - Abstract
This article provides a historical account of the Philippine-American War, which occurred after the Philippines gained independence from Spanish colonial rule. The United States, despite initially supporting Filipino revolutionaries against the Spanish, decided to colonize the Philippines. The war involved various battles and conflicts, with the US ultimately gaining control over the Philippines. The article also highlights the use of guerrilla warfare by Filipino insurgents and the resistance of the Moros Muslim population. The war officially ended with the passage of the Philippine Organic Act, although full independence was not granted until 1946. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
8. ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ В УМОВАХ ДІЇ ПРАВОВОГО РЕЖИМУ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ: МОЖЛИВОСТІ ТА НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ КООРДИНАЦІЙНИХ ДІЙ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ ПІД ЧАС ОТРИМАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ НА ТИМЧАСОВО ОКУПОВАНИХ ТА ПІДКОНТРОЛЬНИХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЯХ.
- Author
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Д. Г., Тінін
- Subjects
PROFESSIONAL orientations ,WAR ,MILITARY tactics ,GUERRILLA warfare ,SECURITY sector - Abstract
After the full-scale military invasion of the occupying country, the national security of Ukraine required drastic and urgent actions both on the battlefield and to ensure security within the state. The search for alternative and more effective ways of obtaining and transmitting information in the defense and security sector is an important issue for achieving peace in our country. The current state of repelling military aggression prompts Ukrainian society to format information and analytical support on new tracks and rapid training of personnel. The discovery of collaborators and aids of the aggressor country in the temporarily occupied territories among modern Ukrainians became a new resistance in the modern war. This phenomenon does not create a positive dynamic in expelling the occupier from Ukrainian land, which is due to betrayal, assistance and the need to fight against such elements. Modern war emphasizes the need to neutralize the enemy not only on the battlefield, but also in the middle of our country. In this aspect, receiving and transmitting information in the defense and security sector will make a significant contribution to achieving a positive result. The development of events without the appropriate armament conditions decision-making and their implementation in a way that does not correspond to traditional military tactics. Skillful processing of the received information can lead to a change in the situation on the battlefield in the shortest possible time. The use of traditional guerrilla warfare in modern conditions must be adapted to military practices and the latest technologies. However, this aspect is due to the lack of opportunities and the necessary support for the implementation of the assigned operational and service-combat tasks. In such conditions, the acquisition of skills in relevant fields before the onset of critical and/ or emergency situations becomes an important issue. After all, professional orientation involves understanding and internal perception of the goals and tasks of professional activity. The changes taking place in the content of professional orientation are reflected in the fact that they strengthen the motives related to professional activity, call for a desire to conscientiously perform one’s official duties, the desire to show oneself as a qualified specialist and achieve success not only at work, but also on the battlefield with the enemy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Palestinians in Lebanon and the "Political Ghassan Kanafani": An Interview with Marwan Abd el-'Al, PFLP.
- Author
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Abd el-'Al, Marwan
- Subjects
- *
NATIONAL liberation movements , *REFUGEE camps , *POLITICAL science writing , *PALESTINIANS , *GUERRILLA warfare - Abstract
This article is an interview with Marwan Abd el-'Al, a leading member of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), conducted in Beirut's Mar Elias refugee camp. The interview covers various topics, including the inception of the PFLP and its early years in Lebanon, the consequences of the wartime period in Lebanon for Palestinians, the priorities and goals of the PFLP in today's Lebanese context, the PFLP's position on the revolutionary movement in Lebanon in 2019, and the rising popularity of Ghassan Kanafani's work. The interview provides insights into the political and social situation faced by Palestinians in Lebanon and the role of the PFLP in advocating for their rights. Another part of the text focuses on Ghassan Kanafani, a Palestinian writer and political figure. The author discusses Kanafani's literature and its reflection of the Palestinian people's experiences and struggles. They also explore Kanafani's involvement in the PFLP and his contributions to the organization's political and organizational strategies. The author emphasizes Kanafani's dedication to the Palestinian cause and his belief in the role of culture in supporting resistance. They also address the controversy surrounding Kanafani's political affiliation and his assassination by Israel. Overall, the text provides insights into Kanafani's political and literary legacy. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Survival Strategies and Non-Aggression Pacts Between the Guardia Civil and the Republican Guerrilla in Spain's Irregular War, 1936–1952.
- Author
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Pasalodos, Arnau Fernández
- Subjects
- *
GUERRILLA warfare , *WAR , *GUERRILLAS , *COUNTERINSURGENCY , *MILITARY science - Abstract
Existing literature on the anti-Francoist guerrilla has focused on the origins, development and decline of guerrilla parties. However, many aspects of the irregular war of 1936–1952 that pitted rebel forces, and later the Francoist dictatorship, against Republican resistance fighters remain unexplored. Historians have often cited civil guards as sources on killings and torture that took place in spaces of anti-guerrilla warfare, and the violence employed by the guerrilla has also been the subject of a significant amount of research. In contrast, this article looks at how civil guards deployed in the irregular war and guerrilla fighters not only interacted peacefully, but in fact came to establish non-aggression pacts as a survival strategy. The existence of such agreements was known not only to the men on both sides, but also to the civilian population and the dictatorship itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Uncovering the sources of revolutionary violence: the case of Colombia's National Front (1958-1964).
- Author
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Dodd, Oliver
- Subjects
MILITARY offensives ,VIOLENCE ,SUBALTERN ,REVOLUTIONARIES ,GUERRILLA warfare - Abstract
Scholars often explain political violence by highlighting factors such as state weakness. This article shifts the analysis to a focus on state character. More specifically, the article analyses how the growth of revolutionary violence in 1960s Colombia was shaped by the earlier period of the National Front (1958–1964). This earlier period is crucial to understanding the outbreak of revolutionary violence because it gave rise to a project of state reorganization which refashioned the relationship between dominant and subaltern groups. The reorganization of alliances under the National Front helped to significantly reduce inter-party violence, but because of the way in which the form of state was reorganized, the National Front produced new conditions of conflict, which culminated in the growth of revolutionary violence. In making this case it is argued that the birth of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), reflected through the military offensive against Marquetalia in 1964, can only be effectively captured by appreciating how dominant forces implemented a state reorganization project, which produced new dynamics of conflict and ultimately failed to incorporate key subaltern groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Ideological Warfare: Interpreting Leftwing Insurgencies In Colombia.
- Author
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Karanxha, Valbona
- Abstract
Copyright of Saber & Scroll Historical Journal is the property of Policy Studies Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
13. A Man by Any Other Name: William Clarke Quantrill and the Search for American Manhood.
- Author
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Stith, Matthew M.
- Subjects
GUERRILLA warfare ,CIVIL war ,REPUTATION ,GUERRILLAS - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. El Empecinado y el General Hugo en Sigüenza.
- Author
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Sevilla Tarriño, Manuel
- Subjects
GUERRILLA warfare ,LEADERSHIP - Abstract
The article focuses on the historical events surrounding Don Juan Martín Díez, known as "El Empecinado," during the Spanish War of Independence, particularly highlighting his leadership and strategic maneuvers in defending Sigüenza against French forces. It details the battles and tactics employed by both sides, emphasizing the resilience and resourcefulness of the Spanish guerrilla fighters.
- Published
- 2024
15. History of UNITA in Angola
- Author
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Pearce, Justin
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Cold War Détente?: The Role of China in the Aftermath of Malaya's Failed Peace Talks in 1955.
- Author
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Yanqing, He, Cheok, Cheong Kee, and Ran, Li
- Subjects
- *
PEACE negotiations , *GUERRILLA warfare , *WORLD War II - Abstract
After World War II, the struggle for independence in Southeast Asia was complicated by the onset of the Cold War and the involvement of major external powers in the region, especially the People's Republic of China (PRC). Amid Cold War tensions, an opportunity arose for détente in Malaya in the early 1950s, despite the failure of peace talks between the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and the Malayan government. This opportunity arose from the PRC's proclaimed embrace of peaceful coexistence. Chinese leaders adopted the policy in the expectation that the new Malayan government would defer to China's wishes. This expectation proved unfounded; the government of independent Malaya had no desire to be subservient to the PRC. The adverse turn of events for China, and the subsequent emergence of a rift between Moscow and Beijing, thwarted efforts to establish formal ties between the MCP and the Malayan government, prompting the Malayan Communists to resume their campaign of guerrilla warfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Hearts and Minds--and Force: Counterinsurgency campaigns of the past used harsh tactics that harmed civilians and drove away supporters. In small wars, is there a better way?
- Author
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DiCrescenzo, David M. and Shankar, Arun
- Subjects
- *
COUNTERINSURGENCY , *GUERRILLA warfare , *CIVILIANS in war , *MILITARY personnel , *ARMED Forces - Published
- 2024
18. Going Underground: Scrambling through the hidden tunnel network of Khirbet Midras takes one back to the claustrophobic perils faced by the Bar Kokhba rebels.
- Author
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Hayardeni, Tamar
- Subjects
TUNNELS ,GUERRILLA warfare ,CAVES ,HIDING places ,ROMANS - Abstract
The article focuses on the underground tunnel network at Khirbet Midras, revealing the challenges faced by the Bar Kokhba rebels. Topics include the guerrilla tactics employed by Bar Kokhba's fighters, the intricate cave systems used as hideouts, and the ultimate failure of the rebellion against the Romans.
- Published
- 2024
19. A Different Kind of War: The Unknown Story of the U.S. Navy’s Guerrilla Forces in World War II China.
- Author
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Chick, Cody
- Subjects
- *
MILITARY planning , *WAR , *IRREGULAR warfare , *FORTIFICATION , *GUERRILLA warfare , *WORLD War II , *ATTACK on Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), 1941 - Abstract
During World War II, the U.S. Navy established a unique organization called the Sino-American Cooperative Organization (SACO) in China. The primary purpose of SACO was to establish weather stations along the Chinese coast to provide critical weather forecasts for military planning. However, SACO also trained Chinese guerrillas in intelligence collection and conducted sabotage operations against Japanese forces. The memoir "A Different Kind of War: The Unknown Story of the U.S. Navy's Guerrilla Forces in World War II China" by Milton E. Miles provides valuable insights into the development of SACO, the challenges of interservice rivalry, and the importance of working with indigenous populations. The book sheds light on the use of unconventional warfare and the positive effects it had on the Pacific theater at little cost to the U.S. Navy. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
20. Urban Operations: The Siege of Jerusalem, AD 70.
- Author
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Miranda, Joseph
- Subjects
URBAN warfare ,TUNNELS ,GUERRILLA warfare ,MARINES ,ADMINISTRATIVE & political divisions ,INSURGENCY - Abstract
The article discusses the military operations in urban terrain, specifically focusing on the Siege of Jerusalem in AD 70. The Roman-Judean War broke out in 66 AD, with Jewish rebels engaging in guerrilla warfare against the Roman province of Judea. The Roman emperor Nero dispatched General Vespasian to restore order, and his son Titus was placed in charge of storming Jerusalem. The article also describes the gameplay mechanics of a wargame that models the siege, including factors such as activation rules, terrain alterations, and logistical considerations. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
21. 'Il più grande dopo Shakespeare': Fenoglio e Lawrence d’Arabia
- Author
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Valter Boggione
- Subjects
beppe fenoglio ,thomas edward lawrence ,the italian resistance ,guerrilla warfare ,bible ,Language and Literature - Abstract
This article examines a selection of references to the figure of Lawrence of Arabia in Fenoglio’s work, direct quotations from his writings, his recollections, and personal re-elaborations, thus expanding the list of already familiar allusions. On these premises and through the limited documentary sources available, this study attempts to reconstruct Fenoglio’s approach to T. E. Lawrence’s texts and to demonstrate how the ways in which the war experience is represented in Seven Pillars constitute the basis for the overcoming of autobiographism in Appunti partigiani and the creation of an epic of resistance. Aiming to deliver fully original outcomes, Fenoglio carefully oscillates between affiliation and detachment, as shown by one of the best-known episodes from Partigiano Johnny – the investiture of the hero, when read in connection with Lawrence’s source.
- Published
- 2023
22. Ragama POW Camp Ceylon and the Scum of the Scum.
- Author
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ODDIE, GARY
- Subjects
BRITISH coins ,SOUTH African history ,COMBATANTS & noncombatants (International law) ,CONCENTRATION camps ,GUERRILLA warfare - Published
- 2024
23. 'No end of a lesson': the Anglo-Boer War and British espionage fiction.
- Author
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Fedyashin, Anton
- Subjects
- *
WAR , *SPY stories , *DOMESTIC fiction , *GUERRILLA warfare , *RECONNAISSANCE operations , *TWENTY-first century , *MASS markets - Abstract
In the first years of the twentieth century, the British government came to recognize the value of espionage for the defense of the empire. This was a logical outgrowth of increasing anxieties about the intentions of the German Kaiser and the experience of the Anglo-Boer War, in which a numerically superior British army found itself in a protracted battle with local forces skilled in the art of guerrilla warfare. Espionage fiction by writers such as Rudyard Kipling, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Erskine Childers, William Le Queux, and John Buchan used the example of the Anglo-Boer War to draw attention to the deficiencies in imperial intelligence, the potential threats to the empire, and the role of civilian patriots in thwarting internal and external threats. Espionage fiction educated British readers to perceive a need for systematic intelligence gathering, which ran counter to the democratic nature to which the British aspired. The popularity of non-professional patriotic spies as protagonists of mass market fiction allowed for the development of a broad popular constituency in favor of greater government commitment to intelligence gathering. And while this popular enthusiasm was beneficial to the Tory Party, it was not driven solely by conservative politicians, but rather by populist pressure stemming from mass culture inspired by literary reflections on the Anglo-Boer War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. El cacique en su laberinto: Ignacio Quispe Ninavilca y la guerra de independencia. Huarochirí, Perú, 1820-1824.
- Author
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Espinal Enciso, Víctor Felipe
- Subjects
GUERRILLA warfare ,WAR ,GUERRILLAS ,LOCAL foods ,PRACTICAL politics ,ORGANIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Trashumante. Revista Americana de Historia Social is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Crímenes masivos, tragedias individuales. Las verdades insoportables de la justicia transicional.
- Author
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Fernando Suárez, Andrés
- Subjects
WAR ,CRIME victims ,TRANSITIONAL justice ,GUERRILLA warfare ,TRUTH commissions ,PARAMILITARY forces - Abstract
Copyright of Sociedad y Economia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Опитувальник як методична форма вивчення революцій: на прикладі теорії Питирима Сорокіна.
- Author
-
ПРИШВА, РОДІОН
- Abstract
The article explores the interaction between sociological and historical knowledge using the example of Pitirim Sorokin’s theory of revolution and the methodological views of Marc Bloch. To achieve this goal, a general overview of the work «Sociology of Revolution» by an American researcher was conducted, and the identity of the methodological approaches presented therein to studying revolutionary processes with the questionnaire technique of a French historian was revealed. The obtained results allowed for the utilization of Pitirim Sorokin’s developments as a methodological framework by Marc Bloch for analyzing an archival document describing the Zvenyhorod uprising in the territory of Kyiv province in June 1918. As a result, it was demonstrated that constructing a questionnaire based on sociological theory is an important task for a researcher working in the field of historical sociology and sociology of revolutions. The use of the proposed methodological framework enables the enhancement of the quality of socio-historical knowledge, as the researcher can documentarily reproduce the life of society experiencing revolutionary conditions. Given close cooperation between sociologists and historians regarding the development of questionnaires, the coordination of procedures for selecting primary materials and methods of analysis, there is a real possibility of a documentary turn in historical sociology and sociology of revolutions in the future. A direct outcome of such processes could be the establishment of a proper methodological and empirical basis for the emergence of qualitatively new research in the field of sociology of revolutions, ultimately allowing sociologists to utilize more reliable sources for analyzing the causes, course, and consequences of revolutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Che Guevara and continental revolution.
- Author
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Lust, Jan
- Subjects
- *
REVOLUTIONS , *GUERRILLA warfare , *CUBAN Revolution, 1959 , *INTERVENTION (International law) , *GUERRILLAS ,UNITED States armed forces - Abstract
The Cuban Revolution has inspired the guerrilla struggle in Latin America. Ernesto 'Che' Guevara was directly involved in processes that contributed to the organization of guerrilla forces in various Latin American countries. In this article, we argue that already at the beginning of the 1960s Guevara started to help organize and coordinate the organization of the revolutionary armed struggle in the Latin American continent. He considered that local socialist revolutions would not be able to survive if these were not accompanied by revolutionary struggle in other parts of Latin America. This paper presents Guevara's ideas on the necessity of continental revolution, in the context of United States military interventions in Latin America. It describes in detail Cuba's and Che's involvement in the organization of various guerrilla activities in South America, and demonstrates that guerrilla processes in Bolivia, Peru, and Argentina were the first stones for the development of continental guerrilla warfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Che Guevara and guerrilla warfare.
- Author
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Kruijt, Dirk
- Subjects
- *
GUERRILLA warfare , *CUBAN Revolution, 1959 , *GUERRILLAS , *INSURGENCY - Abstract
Che Guevara's life as a public figure (1959-1967) coincided with the golden years of the Cuban Revolution. Ernesto Guevara became Che Guevara, a glorified revolutionary guerrilla comandante and theoretician of guerrilla warfare in this short period. Especially during the sixties his texts on guerrilla strategy were studied and applied by many insurgents in Latin America and the Caribbean. Paradoxically, he supervised or was directly in charge of three ill-fated guerrilla campaigns in Bolivia/Argentina (1963/64), the Congo (1965), and again Bolivia (1966/67). The themes of this article are (1) a discussion about the use and evolution of the rural foco approach, for many followers the guiding doctrine of armed insurgency; (2) Che's three guerrilla campaigns and the reasons for failure; (3) the rural foco approach as implemented by other Latin American guerrilla leaders; and (4) some concluding remarks about post-foco guerrilla warfare in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Interpreting the Role of Insurgency Inside of the Yugoslavian Wars.
- Author
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Karanxha, Valbona
- Subjects
YUGOSLAV Wars, 1991-2001 ,INSURGENCY ,INTERNATIONAL law ,NATIONALISM ,GUERRILLA warfare - Abstract
Copyright of Saber & Scroll Historical Journal is the property of Policy Studies Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
30. Guerrilla and Cognitive Warfare in Transnational Left-wing Extremism
- Author
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Vandiver, Josh and Zúquete, José Pedro, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. ‘Yet Are Spain’s Maids No Race of Amazons’: Spain’s Female Warriors in Anglo-European Drama
- Author
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Burdett, Sarah, Mellor, Anne K., Series Editor, Siskin, Clifford, Series Editor, and Burdett, Sarah
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Sources of Conventional and Guerrilla Strategies in Ethno-Territorial Civil Wars.
- Author
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Horowitz, Shale
- Subjects
CIVIL war ,GUERRILLA warfare ,GUERRILLAS ,MILITARY strategy ,WAR ,MILITARY science - Abstract
In ethno-territorial civil wars, which factors influence whether rebels choose and retain conventional warfare as their primary military strategy throughout the conflict, or whether they use guerrilla warfare as a primary strategy during periods judged to be less advantageous to conventional warfare? The existing literature almost exclusively emphasizes relative power as the determining factor: rebels use guerrilla warfare because they typically lack the capability to fight conventional wars effectively against states. I find some support for this hypothesis: ethno-territorial rebels are much more likely to fight exclusively conventional wars when external states intervene conventionally on the rebel side. I also find that rebel leaders with more intense, far-reaching nationalist goals are more likely to employ guerrilla warfare as a primary war strategy. For such leaders, the higher costs of using guerrilla methods pending an eventual transition to conventional warfare are made more acceptable by a higher valuation of the far-reaching gains delivered by military victory—gains expected to be made more likely by interim periods in which guerrilla warfare is the primary strategy. Turning to other factors, I do not find that status quo conditions or a high level of state democracy have a significant influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A EXPANSÃO DO LIVRO E DA LEITURA: TRAVESSIAS ENTRECORTADAS PELA TECNOLOGIA.
- Author
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Taciana de Oliveira, Andréia Shirley
- Subjects
- *
TELECOMMUNICATION , *GUERRILLA warfare , *FILM scriptwriting , *MASS media , *CULTURE conflict - Abstract
The notion of a book has expanded and, from the old cultural guerrilla war with mass media such as television, digital culture has promoted a more effective adherence to screens as supports for writing and reading. From these practices, it can be said that, in a not very peaceful way, literature admitted the transition between the verbal and the non-verbal, as well as in the context of digital poetics, animation and sound that are also incorporated into creative language. In this sense, this article intends to discuss the reconfigurations of the book in the context of transformations in communication technologies driven by the digital and the impact of technological writings on reading processes, using theoretical references by Michel Melot (2012), Robert Scholes (1989), Roger Chartier (1999, 2004, 2010), Umberto Eco (2005), Alckmar Luiz dos Santos (2003), Katherine Hayles (2009), and Rui Torres (2004). In this way, it was possible to discuss some points of the current reading process, aiming at the contribution to a reflection on digital reading, as well as to problematize the book in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Guerrilla War of ZANLA and ZIPRA as Presented in Zimbabwean Nationalist Propaganda.
- Author
-
Pattenden, Hugh
- Subjects
- *
GUERRILLA warfare , *WAR , *INTERNATIONAL conflict , *PROPAGANDA , *GUERRILLAS , *NATIONALISTS - Abstract
This article looks at a hitherto undeveloped area of the historiography of the Rhodesian Bush War/Zimbabwe War of Liberation, namely the ways in which the guerrilla forces presented themselves in their propaganda. The war in Rhodesia was a major media conflict and so the guerrilla forces had to carefully cultivate their image both domestically and on the international scene. ZANU and ZAPU knew that they had to overcome potential sources of negative press, surrounding, among other things, their early lack of military success, the nature of the insurgent war that they fought, and accusations of terrorism. It is argued here that they were able to generate a successful narrative which countered criticism, and that they were able to offer their supporters and sponsors a positive, dynamic version of the guerrilla forces in Rhodesia. Their propaganda may have lacked subtlety at times, however it was effective in portraying the guerrilla forces as viable challengers to the Rhodesian Security Forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
35. The Atheists from Moscow: An Encounter with Colombian Former Combatants.
- Author
-
MIRAMONTI, ANGELO
- Subjects
GRATITUDE ,ATHEISTS ,BROTHERS ,GUERRILLA warfare - Abstract
This article discusses the work of Julian, a former guerrilla fighter in Colombia who now operates a mobile library to bring books and ideas to remote areas of the country. Julian travels to villages without libraries, inviting the community to borrow books and organizing reading and storytelling workshops. He also interacts with soldiers and former guerrillas, lending them books and fostering understanding between them. The article highlights the oppressive social conditions in Colombia and the role that violence and armed groups play in offering opportunities or ways out. Julian believes that reading texts from enemies can help people understand different perspectives and challenge their own biases, and he hopes that his library can foster empathy and reconciliation among those involved in the conflict. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Not a battle, not a war, but definitely defiance
- Author
-
Fels, Marie Hansen
- Published
- 2023
37. Battles for the Yangtze : the riverine defence of China, 1927-1945
- Author
-
Wu, Di and Mitter, Rana
- Subjects
940.54 ,Riverine operations ,Air power ,Amphibious warfare ,Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945 ,China--History--Republic, 1912-1949 ,Warfare, Conventional ,Sea-power ,Geopolitics ,Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933 ,World War II Recorded History Collection ,Guerrilla warfare - Abstract
This research is a military-strategic history on the Kuomintang's riverine defence against Imperial Japan along the Yangtze River during the Second World War. While challenging various views regarding actual military operations, this research emphasizes the importance of the riverine environment and offers a new interpretation to the main historiography of the Second World War in China. It does so by filling an important gap the historiography of riverine and amphibious warfare and by providing the essential story of the defending side. In 1932, the Shanghai Incident made the Kuomintang realise that China was threatened by the Japanese from the land, sea, and the Yangtze. The Kuomintang, advised by German and Italian advisors, prioritised the defence of Central China and formulated a strategy to turn Central China into a bulwark. However, the military preparations guided by the strategy was problematic. The escalation of the war in Shanghai in 1937 was the result of the offensive war plans of both China and Japan. Before the fall of Madang, China's riverine defence focused primarily on the riverine front. After Madang, China realised the importance of the landward front, but its adaptation was nullified by their own unconventional method of making artificial floods. During the war, China and the Allies tried conventional, unconventional, symmetrical, and asymmetrical methods to deny Japan from using the Yangtze. The air interdictions succeeded in damaging Japanese riverine transport and contributed to the collapse of the Japanese wartime economy. Based on archival and published materials from China, Japan, Britain, the US, and Germany, this research aims to demonstrate that the Chinese hybrid riverine defence, meaning the combination of conventional, unconventional, symmetrical, and asymmetrical methods with the militarisation of terrain, was an essential part of the Second World War in China.
- Published
- 2021
38. The Battle of Shanghai (January-March 1932): A Study in the Space-time of War.
- Author
-
Henriot, Christian
- Subjects
- *
URBAN warfare , *RURAL-urban differences , *GUERRILLA warfare , *CIVILIANS in war , *IRREGULAR warfare ,JANUARY 28 Incident, Shanghai, China, 1932 - Abstract
The 1932 Battle of Shanghai was the first instance of a modern war waged in a large city. This paper examines how the conflict unfolded from one urban district--Zhabei--to a large area north of the city, all the way to Wusong, from a densely populated and built-up urban area to the countryside; and how the conflict's nature and the balance of power shifted drastically. The Japanese army was not prepared to wage a war that, in its first phase, amounted to an urban guerrilla campaign by the Chinese, while the displacement into rural areas played to the advantage of the Chinese troops. This paper looks at the crucial role spatial factors played in the successes and failures of the contending armies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
39. Understanding the Strategy of Guerrilla Warfare: The Case of the Tet Offensive, 1968
- Author
-
Mustafa Özveren and Kaan Kutlu Ataç
- Subjects
guerrilla warfare ,tet offensive ,strategy ,vietnam war ,viet cong ,Military Science - Abstract
This study analyses how the Tet Offensive of the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong in 1968, the turning point of the Vietnam War, achieved political victory despite a military defeat. War, in general, and guerrilla struggle, in particular, is a process of violent events involving political goals. In this sense, one of the most important goals of the armed struggle is to impose the superiority of the will on the opponent with the least loss of life. Psychology is among the most important variables of this challenge. As a matter of fact, the greatest success in war is to break the resistance of the opponent by keeping the damage to a minimum. In this context, guerrilla warfare, as a war of attrition that includes unconventional warfare methods, is a field of study revealing psychological elements. This study aims to explain the strategic nature of guerrilla warfare through the example of the Tet Offensive in 1968. The Tet Offensive, which has been widely accepted in the literature to be the turning point of the Vietnam War, is essential in understanding how a military defeat can achieve political success. This military attack, in which the Viet Kong guerrillas suffered seven times more damage than their adversaries, drove the adversaries of Viet Kong guerrillas into despair about the Vietnam War. This study analyses how the Tet Offensive achieved political victory despite a military defeat. The historical limitation of the study is between 1967 and 1975. The study is expected to contribute to Turkish literature by examining the issue of guerrilla warfare through the Tet Offensive. The analysis shows that the intangible dimensions of the war such as psychological aspects can be one of the determining factors of the war in terms of its capacity and the impact it creates.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The Communist Parties of Cuba and Venezuela in the 1960-1970s: a difficult way from the unity … to the unity
- Author
-
Jeifets Victor and Jeifets Lazar
- Subjects
communist party of venezuela ,communist party of cuba ,teodoro petkoff ,guerrilla warfare ,international communist movement ,links between the parties ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 - Abstract
The article analyzes the evolution of complicated relations between the Communist Party of Venezuela and the Communist Party of Cuba in the 60s and 70s of XX century. Both Communist Parties originally were very close and had aided to each other during both the Venezuelan and Cuban revolutions of 1958-1959. After the triumph of Castroist forces in Cuba, the Venezuelan leftists tried to repeat the successes obtained by Cuban Rebels in Venezuelan soil and started full-scale rural and urban guerrilla. However, the failure of this armed struggle not only led the PCV to abandon the guerrilla activities, but also initiated a serie of energic debates between Cuban and Venezuelan communista. Based on the documents of the International Department of the CC of the CPSU kept in Moscow (in the RGANI archive), the published memoirs, the international communist hemerography, as also publications by the Cuban and Soviet media, the authors try to recover a little-known aspects of the history of the Communist Party of Venezuela in the past centurу.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Churchill’s Butchers: Mission 204’s Operations in China, 1942–1945.
- Author
-
Lim, Preston Jordan
- Subjects
- *
WORLD War II , *GUERRILLAS , *GUERRILLA warfare , *NATIONALISTS , *MILITARY education ,20TH century British military history ,AUSTRALIAN military history - Abstract
Mission 204, a mixed British and Australian force, operated in Nationalist China from 1942 to 1945 with the objective of training Nationalist guerrillas. Historians have tended to focus only on the mission's record in 1942, when British and Australian commandos deployed to eastern Jiangxi Province and suffered from a high incidence of disease. This paper not only reframes the narrative concerning 1942, but also argues that the mission met with success from 1943 to 1945, due to adaptations in the mission’s force structure and an increased willingness to suit Chinese desires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
42. Rivers, Rails, and Rebels: Logistics and Struggle to Supply U.S. Army Depot at Nashville, 1862–1865.
- Author
-
Kemmerly, Phillip R.
- Subjects
- *
AMERICAN Civil War, 1861-1865 , *MILITARY supplies , *RAILROAD stations , *GUERRILLA warfare - Abstract
The Union war effort west of the Appalachians during the American Civil War depended on the ability to supply and defend the massive Union depot in Nashville, Tennessee. Detailed analysis of the logistical problems in supplying Nashville Depot from late February 1862 through April 1865—via the Louisville and Nashville Railroad and the Cumberland River—reveals how the depot was able to support the thousands of Federal troops occupying the city, and also feed, clothe, and arm nearly 150,000 troops during periods of significant guerrilla insurgency. Logistical necessity required control of the Cumberland River from its mouth on the Ohio River to Nashville, and the U.S. Navy was essential to this strategic imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
43. İRAN'IN VEKİL AKTÖR STRATEJİSİNDE İSTİHBARAT ÖRGÜTLERİNİN ROLÜ: KUDÜS GÜCÜ ÖRNEĞİ.
- Author
-
İPEK, Cemil Doğaç and ÖZÇELİK, Ali
- Subjects
- *
GUERRILLA warfare , *RECONNAISSANCE operations , *MILITARY education , *INTELLIGENCE service , *INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
As different disciplines of social sciences potently assert the fundamental changes in the nature of international relations, non-traditional actors of power-struggle take their presence in studies that focus on evaluating this contemporary transformation. Concordantly, Iran's adaptation to the transformation of international-setting and acts towards creating non-traditional/proxy actor networks through its intelligence communities for expanding its sphere of influence and achieving its regional strategic goals lay the argumentation basis of this study. The study investigates the role of the Quds Force, a branch of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, in constructing and maintaining Iran's proxy network. In aforementioned context, it concludes that the Quds Force functionalizes its capabilities in intelligence gathering, guerrilla warfare, and covert operations to provide financial resources, military training, and guidance to proxy actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. 'First Essentials of Survival': Ensuring the Support and Compliance of Civilians in the Guerrilla Conflict with Japan on Panay, 1942–1945.
- Author
-
Maddox, Kelly
- Subjects
- *
GUERRILLAS , *GUERRILLA warfare , *WAR - Abstract
This article offers a detailed examination of the strategies employed by the resistance leadership in Panay to mobilize and, if necessary, coerce civilians into supporting them in their guerrilla conflict with Japan. It argues that their ability to adapt and, thereby, continually ensure the support and compliance of the civilian population were as important, if not more so, to their overall success than strictly military accomplishments. The primary aim of this article is to bring the importance of civilians into focus and deepen our historical understanding of a much-understudied and understated aspect of resistance to Japanese occupation in the Philippines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The Development of Hezbollah's Deterrence Strategy Toward Israel.
- Author
-
Schweitzer, Yoram, Mizrahi, Orna, and Shapira, Anat
- Abstract
2022 marked 40 years since Hezbollah's establishment and 30 years since Nasrallah became the leader of the organization. Over the years Hezbollah has developed from a classic terrorist organization into a multifaceted and multi-identity organization that is a military force with conventional capabilities and the spearhead of the Shiite "axis of resistance." Throughout these years, and especially since the Second Lebanon War (2006), the organization has gained military strength but refrained from exercising its offensive capabilities against Israel; its activity is driven by the goal of maintaining and consolidating its balance of deterrence with Israel, in the interest of avoiding deterioration into another full-scale war. This article examines the elements that have shaped the "deterrence equation" between Hezbollah and Israel, which combines kinetic military activity and cognitive warfare, its gradual development over the course of the 40 years of conflict, and the nature of the current balance of deterrence; this is the background to assess how Israel might best deal with the challenge posed by the organization. The article contends that the balance of deterrence is rooted in Hezbollah's origins and evolution and constitutes a central component of the organization's current strategy. However, given Nasrallah's tendency to take risks and the changing regional reality, this does not guarantee the prevention of a future large-scale conflict between the organization and the IDF, which could develop into a multi-arena war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
46. Priverstinis Lietuvos-Lenkijos pasienio gyventojų iškeldinimas 1941 ir 1946 metais.
- Author
-
GIBAS, JUOZAS
- Subjects
GUERRILLA warfare ,CARTOGRAPHIC materials ,ARCHIVAL resources ,WAR ,SELF-reliant living ,CHRONOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Lituanistica is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. DE LA REVOLUCIÓN CUBANA AL CORDOBAZO. EL TROTSKISMO ARGENTINO FRENTE A LA LUCHA ARMADA (1959-1969).
- Author
-
Mangiantini, Martín and Díaz, Javier
- Subjects
- *
POLITICAL debates , *POLITICAL violence , *CUBAN Revolution, 1959 , *GUERRILLA warfare , *POLITICAL development , *NINETEEN sixties - Abstract
This article aims to investigate how political violence was conceptualized within the Argentine Trotskyist organizations of the 1960s. The influence of the Cuban Revolution, the growth of foquismo (theory of guerrilla warfare) and the crisis of the political regime impacted on their debates regarding the relation between violence and the development of a political strategy. We will analyze the positions towards armed struggle developed by the different organizations belonging to the field of Trotskyism concerning three aspects: the actions carried out, the controversies between various groups and the tensions and internal debates that led to crisis or splits from within and towards Trotskyism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Family Matters in Conflict: Displacement and the Formulation of Politics among Syrians in Lebanon and Turkey.
- Author
-
Holst, Birgitte Stampe
- Subjects
SYRIAN Civil War, 2011- ,POLITICAL movements ,POLITICAL change ,GUERRILLA warfare ,AUTHORITARIANISM - Abstract
Through an ethnographic account of quotidian family activities like cooking or watching the news, this article investigates how authoritarian history and ongoing conflict in Syria play out in the everyday life of Syrians displaced to Lebanon and Turkey. It traces the day-to-day activities through which the value of the anti-authoritarian actions of some family members is recalibrated in friction with the social and material price the family has paid for such actions, the futures various family members imagine for themselves and the particular family history of adaptation to authoritarian rule. The article argues that unfolding these recalibrations among the displaced allows us to see how Syrians formulate the conflict (also) as a family matter. Investigating this family layer of the conflict in turn alerts us to the ways in which political contestation and collaboration in authoritarian contexts is navigated (also) through ethical propositions related to the family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The Other Side of the Border: Solidarity and the Syrian Displacement in Lebanon.
- Author
-
Ferreri, Veronica
- Subjects
SYRIAN Civil War, 2011- ,BORDER security ,GUERRILLA warfare ,POLITICAL movements ,SOCIAL problems - Abstract
In the wake of the Syrian uprising in 2011, Syrian dissidents in Lebanon cultivated their revolutionary commitment with the support of Lebanese communities. This political solidarity morphed into humanitarian care toward wounded and displaced Syrians in response to the emergency created by the war. With the mutations of the war in Syria and the collapse of the revolution as a political project, these solidarities were reconfigured to tackle the everyday hardship of displacement. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Lebanon (2014–2019), the article retraces the manifold incarnations of revolutionary solidarity in Lebanon and their relation to the other side of the border. By moving away from hospitality, the article rethinks the Syrian displacement in Lebanon through the concept of solidarity and its spatial and temporal intricacies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Call from Raqqa: Reconfiguring Future Imaginaries in Forced Displacement.
- Author
-
Askari, Lana
- Subjects
SYRIAN Civil War, 2011- ,IMMIGRANTS ,GUERRILLA warfare ,POLITICAL movements - Abstract
This article discusses how the ongoing conflict in Syria and the Rojava Revolution gave way to newly imagined futures and political possibilities for displaced Kurdish Syrians. It examines the Syrian war and the broader Middle Eastern context as a system of unpredictable escalations (Højer et al. 2018) and the liberation of Kobanî as a "critical" and "generative" moment (Das 1995; Kapferer 2015) in the Kurdish imaginary. Using ethnographic (audiovisual) material, I point to how people in forced displacement must constantly navigate uncertainty and reconfigure and consolidate their unknown future paths. I argue that my interlocutor Mihemed stabilized these uncertainties through his capacity to hold multiple future possibilities open simultaneously in order to keep every outcome viable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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