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Aim of work To study the genetic variants of glutathione S-transferases and monocyte CD64 expression in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and to evaluate their role in disease susceptibility, activity and damage. Patients and methods Forty female SLE patients and 40 age matched controls were genotyped for GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, conventional PCR and were assessed for monocyte CD64 expression level using flow cytometry. SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and the systemic lupus international. collaborating clinics/damage index (SLICC DI) were considered. Results The patients mean age was 28.13 ± 4.56 years and disease duration of 6.4 ± 4.9 with a SLEDAI of 14.4 ± 7.1 and SLICC/DI 3.7 ± 1.5. The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype tended to be higher (55%) in SLE patients compared to the controls (and 42.5%) (p = 0.09). The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype was significantly higher in SLE patients (25%) compared to controls (12.5%) (p < 0.001) and with a 1.7-fold risk. The genotypes frequencies of GSTP1 polymorphism were comparable between SLE patients and controls. The monocyte CD64 expression was significantly increased in the patients (MFI: 46.23 ± 4.56) compared to the control (MFI: 14.05 ± 2.01) (p = 0.001). The GSTM1 and GSTT1 as well as CD64 significantly correlated with the serum creatinine (p = 0.005, p = 0.01 and p-0.001, respectively). Conclusion The GST gene polymorphisms together with monocyte CD64 expression level could have a significant relation with SLE and with increased risk in Egyptian patients. The GST gene polymorphisms and monocyte CD64 may form potential biomarkers for renal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies have reported the role of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) Ile105Val polymorphism with prostate cancer (PCa) risk. However, these studies have yielded conflicting results. Hence, we performed this meta-analysis to investigate the association between GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and PCa in different inheritance models. A total of 13 eligible studies were pooled into this meta-analysis. There was significant association between the GSTP1 Ile158Val variant genotypes and PCa for Ile/Ile vs Val/Val comparison [odds ratio (OR) = 0.705; I = 63.7 %; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) = 0.508-0.977], Ile/Val vs Val/Val comparison (OR = 0.736; I = 8.0 %; 95 % CI = 0.613-0.883), and dominant model (OR = 0.712; I = 45.5 %; 95 % CI = 0.555-0.913). However, no associations were detected for other genetic models. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significant associations between GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and PCa risk were also found among Caucasians (Ile/Ile vs Val/Val comparison OR = 0.818, I = 0.0 %, 95 % CI = 0.681-0.982; Ile/Val vs Val/Val comparison OR = 0.779, I = 0.0 %, 95 % CI = 0.651-0.933; and dominant model OR = 0.794, I = 0.0 %, 95 % CI = 0.670-0.941), while there were no associations found for other genetic models. However, no associations were found in Asians and African-Americans for all genetic models when stratified by ethnicity. In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicates that GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms contributed to the PCa susceptibility. However, a study with the larger sample size is needed to further evaluate gene-environment interaction on GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms and PCa risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Styrene is widely used in the production of various plastics, synthetic rubber and resins. The aim of this study was to evaluate if individual polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, related with the metabolic fate of styrene, could modify individual susceptibility to the possible genotoxic effects of the styrene exposure. Twenty-eight reinforced plastic workers and 28 control subjects were studied. In the selected population the urinary styrene metabolites mandelic (MA) and phenylglyoxylic (PGA) acids were quantified, sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) were assessed in peripheral lymphocytes and all the subjects were genotyped for GSTM1, GSTT1 (gene deletions), GSTP1 (codon 105 ile ⇒ val), EPHX1 (codons 113 tyr ⇒ his and 139 his ⇒ arg) and CYP2E1 (DraI polymorphism in intron 6).The results obtained showed a significant difference between the levels of SCE, but not in MN levels, in exposed workers as compared with the control group. The GSTP1 and CYP2E1 individual genotypes modulate the baseline levels of SCE that are lower in non-wild type individuals for both polymorphisms. The GSTM1 null individuals with low levels of exposure have significantly higher urinary levels of MA+PGA. The present data seem to suggest that apart from the methodology usually used for monitoring populations occupationally exposed to styrene (urinary metabolites and biomarkers of early biological effects) the analysis of individual genotypes associated with the metabolic fate of styrene should also be carried out in order to evaluate the individual genetic susceptibility of exposed populations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]