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Purpose: A vertical jump (VJ) is a common task performed in several sports, with the height achieved correlated to skilled performance. Loaded VJs are often used in the training of recreational and professional athletes. The bilateral deficit (BLD), which refers to the difference between the heights achieved by a bilateral jump and the sum of two unilateral jumps, has not been reported for loaded jumps and the findings for unloaded jumps are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was threefold: (a) to quantify and compare BLD in countermovement (CMJ) and squat jumps (SJ), (b) to explore the effects of an additional 10% of body weight (BW) load on the BLD in both CMJ and SJ, and (c) examine the relationship between magnitude of BLD and jump performance in both jumps and conditions. Methods: Forty participants (22 for CMJ and 18 for SJ) performed a bilateral jump and unilateral jumps on each leg with and without an added load equivalent to 10% of each participant's bodyweight. Results: BLD was evident in all conditions, with CMJ BLD values nearly double those for the SJ. The extra load did not affect the magnitude of BLD. BLD had a significant correlation with unilateral jump height, expect for the 110%BW SJ. Conclusions: BLD is present in SJs and CMJs at both loaded and unloaded conditions. The SJs have about half of the BLD observed in CMJs regardless of additional load. Participants who had higher single leg jumps seemed to also have higher BLDs, but there was no evidence of association between the bilateral jump height and BLD.

Objective: To report outcomes of a large cohort of patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) for resection of a pituitary adenoma with subsequent Resorb-X plate (RXP) sellar reconstruction. Methods: A retrospective review of 620 EETS operations performed at a single academic center between 2005 and 2020 was conducted. Results: A total of 215 EETS operations of 208 patients were identified between 2012 and 2020 who underwent reconstruction with the RXP after EETS for pituitary tumor resection with a final pathologic diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. Analysis of pooled data revealed a mean preoperative tumor volume of 6.8 cm3 (range: 0.038-51.03 cm3). Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak occurred in 2 patients (0.93%). Postoperative meningitis occurred in 1 patient (0.47%). There were no cases of RXP extrusion. Conclusions: The rate of postoperative CSF leak and meningitis after use of the RXP for sellar reconstruction compares favorably to other methods, including use of autologous grafts and flaps. Use of RXP during EETS is a safe and efficacious method of sellar reconstruction and may obviate the need for autologous tissue reconstruction after pituitary adenoma resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Endoscopic repair of skull base defects is required following resection of intracranial pathology via the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). Many closure techniques have been described, but choosing between techniques remains controversial. We report outcomes of 560 EEA procedures of skull base reconstruction performed on 508 patients over a 15‐year‐period. Halfway through this period, we adopted the use of a rigid, bioabsorbable extrasellar plate for reconstruction, enabling a comparison between this technique and those used previously. Methods: All patients undergoing EEA from 2005 to 2019 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information, surgical pathology, tumor dimensions and radiographic features, reconstructive technique, and patient‐related outcomes were collected and analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistical modeling. Results: Five‐hundred sixty procedures were performed on 508 patients. The series complication rate was 8.2%. Overall, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rate was 5.0% but varied significantly across closure techniques (p < 0.001). Critically, the CSF leak rate in the 272 cases prior to our 2013 adoption of the Resorb‐X Plate (RXP) was 8.5%, whereas leak rate in the subsequent 288 cases was 1.7%. RXP was protective against CSF leak (p = 0.001), whereas gross total resection (GTR) correlated with increased leak rate (p = 0.001). Patient BMI was significantly associated with risk of leak (p = 0.047). Other variables did not impact leak risk. Conclusion: Reconstructive technique, extent of resection, and patient BMI significantly contributed to CSF leak rate. GTR was associated with increased leak risk while the RXP was protective. The bioabsorbable RXP is an effective option for rigid skull base repair with comparatively few complications. Level of Evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 133:1092–1098, 2023 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]