4 results on '"GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC"'
Search Results
2. Trends in Maternal Mortality : 1990 to 2015
- Author
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World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and United Nations
- Subjects
TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS ,DEMOGRAPHERS ,NUMBER OF DEATHS ,NATIONAL COMMITTEE ,MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES ,CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES ,TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY ,GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ,HEALTH INSURANCE ,CHILD HEALTH ,HEALTH SYSTEM ,CHILDBIRTH COMPLICATIONS ,VULNERABLE POPULATIONS ,WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE ,ADOLESCENTS ,MORTALITY LEVELS ,SERVICE UTILIZATION ,EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE ,UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND ,EMPOWERING WOMEN ,POPULATION ,COMPLICATIONS ,MATERNITY SERVICES ,PREGNANCY-RELATED DEATHS ,PERINATAL MORBIDITY ,WORLD POPULATION ,WOMEN ,SKILLED ATTENDANTS ,ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ,HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ,MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOS ,REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY ,MOTHER ,MORTALITY RATIO ,RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS ,DISEASES ,POPULATIONS ,LEVEL OF FERTILITY ,SERVICE DELIVERY ,FAMILY PLANNING METHODS ,ADOLESCENT GIRLS ,UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION ,HUMAN REPRODUCTION ,LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES ,POPULATION FUND ,LIVE BIRTHS ,POPULATION DIVISION ,MALARIA ,PREGNANCY STATUS ,PURCHASING POWER ,FERTILITY ,NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMS ,FERTILITY RATE ,SOCIAL AFFAIRS ,PROGRESS ,PALESTINIAN TERRITORY ,MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL ,EMERGENCIES ,MORTALITY ,MATERNAL CAUSES ,WORKSHOP ,CAUSES OF DEATH ,MATERNAL HEALTH ,MODERN FAMILY PLANNING ,RESOLUTION ,NUMBER OF WOMEN ,POPULATION STRUCTURES ,HUMAN RIGHTS ,MATERNAL MORTALITY ,SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ,INFANT ,HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS ,LITERACY RATES ,PREGNANT WOMEN ,FAMILY MEMBERS ,NEWBORN ,NATIONAL POPULATION ,INFANT MORTALITY ,MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS ,WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ,ANTENATAL CARE ,GLOBAL HEALTH ,UNIVERSAL ACCESS ,MATERNAL MORTALITY DATA ,PREGNANCY-RELATED CAUSES ,RISK OF DEATH ,ABORTION ,OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS ,UNFPA ,DEVELOPMENT GOALS ,LIFE EXPECTANCY ,MIDWIVES ,OBSTETRIC CARE ,HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ,MORTALITY REDUCTION ,REGISTRATION SYSTEMS ,MINISTRY OF HEALTH ,MODERN FAMILY ,POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU ,NEWBORNS ,WOMAN ,HEALTH POLICY ,MORTALITY DECLINES ,PURCHASING POWER PARITY ,EARLY PREGNANCY ,COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY ,POLICY ,VITAL STATISTICS ,NATIONAL LEVELS ,FAMILY PLANNING ,HEALTH PROBLEMS ,HEALTH WORKERS ,LIFETIME RISK ,BABY ,MATERNITY CARE ,AIDS ,PREGNANCY ,MODERN FAMILY PLANNING METHODS ,HEALTH CARE ,AIDS EPIDEMIC ,ACCESS TO MATERNITY SERVICES ,HEALTH SYSTEMS ,STRATEGY FOR WOMEN ,RESPECT ,AIDS DEATHS ,CHILDBIRTH ,MATERNAL DEATHS ,HEALTH-CARE FACILITIES ,REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES ,MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE ,CIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEMS ,TRAINING ,AGE MORTALITY ,NEWBORN HEALTH ,LEGAL STATUS ,CHILDBEARING AGE ,CHILDBEARING ,EPIDEMIC ,parasitic diseases ,PREGNANCIES ,INEQUITIES ,KNOWLEDGE ,CHILD HEALTH SERVICES ,MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO ,SKILLED ATTENDANT ,GENDER MAINSTREAMING ,MORTALITY RATE ,MATERNAL MORTALITY REDUCTION ,POSTPARTUM PERIOD ,HIV ,LIVE BIRTH ,PREGNANT WOMAN ,MATERNAL DEATH ,HIV INFECTION ,HEALTH SERVICES ,DISCRIMINATION ,QUALITY OF CARE ,HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS ,HUMAN LIFE ,SCHOOL ATTENDANCE ,REFUGEES ,EFFECTIVE ACTION ,CAESAREAN SECTION ,REPRODUCTIVE AGE ,PUBLICATIONS ,GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC ,REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ,HOSPITAL ,LARGE POPULATIONS ,CENSUSES ,TETANUS - Abstract
In 2000, the United Nations (UN) Member States pledged to work towards a series of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), including the target of a three-quarters reduction in the 1990 maternal mortality ratio (MMR; maternal deaths per 100 000 live births), to be achieved by 2015. This target (MDG 5A) and that of achieving universal access to reproductive health (MDG 5B) together formed the two targets for MDG 5: Improve maternal health. In the five years counting down to the conclusion of the MDGs, a number of initiatives were established to galvanize efforts towards reducing maternal mortality. These included the UN Secretary-General’s Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health, which mobilized efforts towards achieving MDG 4 (Improve child health) as well as MDG 5, and the high-level Commission on Information and Accountability (COIA), which promoted “global reporting, oversight, and accountability on women’s and children’s health”. Now, building on the momentum generated by MDG 5, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) establish a transformative new agenda for maternal health towards ending preventable maternal mortality; target 3.1 of SDG 3 is to reduce the global MMR to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030.
- Published
- 2015
3. World Bank-Financed HIV Projects in the Caribbean : Lessons for Working with Small States
- Author
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Carpio, Carmen, De Geyndt, Willy, and Chao, Shiyan
- Subjects
PUBLIC INFORMATION ,COMMERCIAL SEX ,NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ,NEW INFECTIONS ,DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES ,DRUG USERS ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA ,WASTE ,SOCIAL FACTORS ,AIDS PROGRAMS ,THERAPY ,SHORT SUPPLY ,AIDS PROGRAM ,HEALTH SYSTEM ,POPULATION GROUPS ,VULNERABLE POPULATIONS ,LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH ,SEX WORKERS ,HEALTH REFORM ,MULTI-COUNTRY AIDS ,TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ,MOTHER-TO-CHILD ,POLICY MAKERS ,BLOOD SAFETY ,CHILD DEATHS ,MIGRANTS ,NATIONAL LEVEL ,IMMUNODEFICIENCY ,MEDICAL OFFICER ,RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS ,AIDS CASE ,TREATMENT SERVICES ,RESOURCE ALLOCATION ,WORLD POPULATION ,HEALTH INFORMATION ,WORKERS ,HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ,INFECTIOUS DISEASES ,CRIME ,STIS ,PREVENTION ACTIVITIES ,FEMALE ,DRUG RESISTANCE ,MOTHER ,NEGATIVE EFFECTS ,MEDICINES ,PRESIDENTIAL DECREE ,TRANSMISSION RATES ,REGIONAL NEEDS ,AIDS RELIEF ,NATIONAL AIDS ,HIV POSITIVE ,SEX WORKER ,HIV INFECTIONS ,ADULT POPULATION ,MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION ,SOCIAL ISSUES ,DISEASE PREVENTION ,NUMBER OF AIDS CASES ,CONDOM DISTRIBUTION ,DIAGNOSIS ,PATIENT ,CHRONIC DISEASES ,PUBLIC SERVICES ,NATIONAL LAWS ,MALARIA ,QUALITY CONTROL ,RESPONSE TO AIDS ,PATIENTS ,DRUG ADHERENCE ,PREVALENCE RATES ,PROGRESS ,CONDOM ,VULNERABILITY ,LONGER LIVES ,INFORMATION SYSTEM ,BEHAVIOR CHANGE ,HIV PREVENTION ,LEVELS OF KNOWLEDGE ,INJECTING DRUG USERS ,RISKY BEHAVIORS ,DYING ,VIRAL LOAD ,HUMAN RIGHTS ,HEALTH SECTOR ,PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS ,WORLD POPULATION DATA ,GLOBAL HIV/AIDS ,SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ,POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS ,VULNERABLE GROUPS ,COMMUNICABLE DISEASES ,HEALTH PROMOTION ,PREGNANT WOMEN ,SKILLED STAFF ,MOTHER TO CHILD ,REGIONAL MEETING ,PHARMACEUTICALS ,HIV AIDS ,COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS ,DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES ,ANTENATAL CARE ,ADULT PREVALENCE ,UNIVERSAL ACCESS ,PANDEMIC ,RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS ,NATIONAL STRATEGY ,LIMITED RESOURCES ,UNAIDS ,UNFPA ,CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,EMERGENCY PLAN ,INFECTIOUS DISEASE ,HEALTH MINISTRIES ,HEALTH RESEARCH ,PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION ,HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ,VOLUNTARY COUNSELING ,ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME ,MINISTRY OF HEALTH ,POLITICAL LEADERSHIP ,MINISTRIES OF HEALTH ,HEALTH POLICY ,HEALTH WORKFORCE ,INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS ,CONDOMS ,DISSEMINATION ,SOCIAL MOBILIZATION ,LABORATORY SERVICES ,SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE ,HEALTH WORKERS ,IMMUNE DEFICIENCY ,TB ,YOUTH ,HEALTH CARE ,RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS ,DISASTERS ,ORPHANS ,HEALTH SYSTEMS ,NUTRITION ,PUBLIC HEALTH ,ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT ,PREVENTION COUNSELING ,TREATMENT REGIMEN ,HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE ,NURSING ,HIV ANTIBODIES ,GOOD GOVERNANCE ,TRANSMISSION ,POPULATION STRATEGY ,GLOBAL AIDS PROGRAM ,EXERCISES ,POLICY RESPONSE ,PEOPLE WITH AIDS ,HUMAN CAPACITY ,ILLNESS ,DISTRIBUTION OF CONDOMS ,TUBERCULOSIS ,LEGAL STATUS ,ILLNESSES ,QUALITY OF LIFE ,SPECIALIST ,VULNERABLE CHILDREN ,NATIONAL AIDS COUNCILS ,DRUGS ,SEX WITH MEN ,FEMALE SEX WORKERS ,SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION ,WORKFORCE ,HIV AIDS PREVENTION ,PROSTITUTION ,DISEASE CONTROL ,HIV TRANSMISSION ,REFERRAL SYSTEMS ,HEALTH MANAGEMENT ,SEX WORK ,AT RISK GROUPS ,SMALL COUNTRIES ,WELLNESS ,HIV ,LAWS ,RISK POPULATIONS ,CAPACITY BUILDING ,HIV INFECTION ,DISCRIMINATION ,NURSE ,NUMBER OF PEOPLE ,CHRONIC DISEASE ,NATIONAL AIDS PREVENTION ,GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC ,NURSES ,AIDS PROJECTS - Abstract
This paper summarizes the key findings of an 'After Action Review' (AAR) that reflects a decade of experience in designing and implementing ten HIV/AIDS projects in the Caribbean, financed by the World Bank. The objective is to identify what worked (and what didn't) in the project approach, design and implementation, distilling useful lessons for other projects in small states.
- Published
- 2010
4. The Long-Run Economic Costs of AIDS : A Model with an Application to South Africa
- Author
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Shantayanan Devarajan, Clive Bell, and Hans Gersbach
- Subjects
ADVERSE EFFECT ,LEVELS OF MORTALITY ,PROSTITUTES ,USE OF CONDOMS ,ECONOMIC GROWTH ,NUCLEAR FAMILIES ,Gross domestic product ,NUCLEAR FAMILY ,PUBLIC SUPPORT ,SINGLE PARENTS ,Capital accumulation ,Economic cost ,Economics ,DESCENT ,TOTAL REVENUE ,MOTHER-TO-CHILD ,YOUNG ADULTS ,CHILD REARING ,SINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLD ,MACROECONOMICS ,ORPHANAGES ,EDUCATION OF CHILDREN ,NUMBER OF CHILDREN ,DISPOSABLE INCOME ,MOTHER ,PREMATURE ADULT MORTALITY ,GENERIC DRUGS ,PER CAPITA INCOME ,MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION ,DISEASES ,LEVEL OF FERTILITY ,RATE OF GROWTH ,SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ,EARNINGS ,OLD AGE ,MARGINAL COST ,LABOR SUPPLY ,LEVEL OF MORTALITY ,VICIOUS CYCLE ,ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY ,LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH ,INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION ,Development ,DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ,IMPACT OF AIDS ,REGRESSION ANALYSIS ,FERTILITY ,UNIVERSAL EDUCATION ,OPTIMIZATION ,DISABILITY ,GDP PER CAPITA ,CHANGES IN FERTILITY ,EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ,VICTIMS ,EXPECTED VALUE ,Life expectancy ,LEVEL OF EDUCATION ,INEQUALITY ,HUSBAND ,SINGLE-PARENT FAMILIES ,PREMATURE DEATH ,Economic growth ,EXCESS MORTALITY ,LOWER FERTILITY ,FAMILY STRUCTURE ,PHYSICAL CAPITAL ,PUBLIC GOOD ,SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ,GDP ,PARENTAL CARE ,Physical capital ,ECONOMIC SYSTEM ,INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION ,ACCOUNT ,PARENTAL DEATH ,LIFE EXPECTANCY ,PUBLIC FUNDS ,LIFE SKILLS ,FINANCES ,CHILDREN PER COUPLE ,WILL ,HEALTH POLICY ,CHILD LABOR ,ECONOMETRICS ,BENCHMARK ,BENCHMARKS ,FISCAL POLICY ,FORMAL EDUCATION ,AIDS EPIDEMIC ,HUMAN CAPITAL ,OPPORTUNITY COSTS ,ORPHANS ,INSURANCE ,NUTRITION ,RESPECT ,TAX BURDEN ,Economics and Econometrics ,UNION ,EARLY DEATH ,ECONOMIC POLICY ,MEDICAL CARE ,PUBLIC POLICY ,Overlapping generations model ,DEPENDENCY RATIO ,FEWER CHILDREN ,Human capital ,POLICY RESEARCH ,EXPENDITURES ,TAX REVENUES ,GROWTH RATE ,MORTALITY RISK ,OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS MODEL ,INTERNATIONAL BANK ,EPIDEMIC ,Accounting ,PREVENTIVE MEASURES ,YOUNG CHILD ,Development economics ,SOCIAL CUSTOMS ,POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER ,SINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDS ,HOUSEHOLD LEVEL ,ORPHAN ,WIFE ,Child rearing ,HIV ,GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT ,CAPITAL ACCUMULATION ,CARE OF ORPHANS ,LABOR FORCE ,SAVINGS ,HEALTH SERVICES ,SOCIAL SECTORS ,SCHOOL ATTENDANCE ,ECONOMIC RESEARCH ,DIMINISHING RETURNS ,FAMILY INCOME ,GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC ,Finance ,EXPENDITURE - Abstract
Primarily a disease of young adults, Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) imposes economic costs that could be devastatingly high in the long run by undermining the transmission of human capital the main driver of long-run economic growth across generations. AIDS makes it harder for victims' children to obtain an education and deprives them of the love, nurturing, and life skills that parents provide. These children will in turn find it difficult to educate their children, and so on. An overlapping generations model is used to show that an otherwise growing economy could decline to a low level subsistence equilibrium if hit with an AIDS type increase in premature adult mortality. Calibrating the model for South Africa, where the HIV prevalence rate is over 20 percent, simulations reveal that the economy could shrink to half its current size in about four generations in the absence of intervention. Programs to combat the disease and to support needy families could avert such a collapse, but they imply a fiscal burden of about 4 percent of Gross domestic product (GDP).
- Published
- 2006
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