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6 results on '"GILBERTSON, Kenneth L."'

1. Environmental Attitude Scale for Secondary School, High School and Undergraduate Students: Validity and Reliability Study

Author

Uzun, Naim, Gilbertson, Kenneth L., Keles, Ozgul, and Ratinen, Ilkka

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable "Environmental Attitude Scale" (EAS) for secondary school (5th, 8th grade), high school (11th) and undergraduate college students. The reliability and validity studies of the scale were carried out in three different countries (Finland, USA and Turkey). The sampling size was 1687 students. For the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was run and in order to test the accuracy of the obtained factor structure. The scale was composed of three sub scales: "Environmental Behaviour Sub Scale (EBSS)", "Environmental Opinion Sub Scale (EOSS)" and "Environmental Emotion Sub Scale (EESS)". The EBSS and EESS consist of two factors each and the EOSS consists of one factor. The EBSS had 13 items, EOSS 11 items and EESS 16 items, all using a 5- point Likert scale. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient for the whole scale was found to be a=.94, and reliability coefficient of the first subscale was found to be a=0.91, second subscale a=.82 and third subscale a=0.94 and the Spearman Brown coefficients were found to be .85, .83, .80 and .85, respectively. Reliability and validity results of the study show that the "Environmental Attitude Scale" can be used to measure the environmental attitudes of the different levels of students.

Published
2019

2. Cognitive Structures of University Students about Environmental Education, Climate Change and Consumption Concepts

Author

Keles, Özgül, Gilbertson, Kenneth L., and Uzun, Naim

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine cognitive structures and the retention of knowledge about environmental education, climate change and consumption concepts. The field of Environmental Education is increasingly including both climate change and consumption in the context of sustainability. Thus, this research is investigating the construction of cognitive structures using all three concepts. The study group consisted of 52 students (28 females and 24 males) attending the University of Minnesota Duluth, USA. A word association instrument was used for data collection. In order to evaluate the study results, the responses given about the key concepts were examined in detail. A frequency table was constructed to show which words or concepts best represented each key concept included in the instrument. Based on our findings, a frequency table and associated concept maps were generated to indicate how cognitive structures were formed about the three concepts. The findings showed that respondents generated many ideas related to the key concepts presented in the instrument. However, respondents did not appear to see the broad environmental concepts as a network of related ideas. Implications for using the word association test in the classroom are discussed.

Published
2016

3. Outdoor Educators and K-12 Education: Making the Connection.

Author

Gilbertson, Kenneth L.

Abstract

New federal and state legislation calling for environmental education creates the opportunity for outdoor educators to become an active part of the K-12 educational system. This will require that the outdoor educational community modify their professional training at the post-secondary level as well as understand the formal educational system. An outdoor educator must be competent in three general areas: (1) physical skills; (2) understanding of ecological relationships beyond minimum impact; and (3) interpersonal skills. The three general areas of knowledge are combined to propose a model for outdoor education leading to environmental literacy. The teaching license is the essential credential that shows the educational community that the person has been trained to the accepted standards of formal education. Specific course work in outdoor education teaching methods and theory should also be included in the pre-service educators' training. The State of Minnesota has recently passed a law mandating that all students who receive an education in Minnesota be environmentally literate when they graduate from high school. Environmental literacy includes an understanding of ecological relationships, a knowledge of pollution and solutions to prevent it, and humans' effect on the environment. Adventure-based education is a valid teaching method for gaining an awareness of the outdoors. (KS)

Published
1992

6. Tettegouche state park summer visitors' perceptions on ecosystem services of the park and management practices they support

Author

Funda Varnaci Uzun, Kenneth L. Gilbertson, Eğitim Fakültesi, and [Uzun, Funda Varnaci] Aksaray Univ, Fac Educ, Aksaray, Turkey -- [Gilbertson, Kenneth L.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Ctr Environm Educ, Dept Appl Human Sci, Duluth, MN USA

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Resource (biology), Nature-based Tourism, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Geography, Planning and Development, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Development, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Park Management, Marketing, Ecosystem Services, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, Visitor pattern, Environmental resource management, Attendance, Natural resource, 020801 environmental engineering, Geography, Sustainability, Signage, Protected Nature Areas, business, Tourism
Abstract

WOS: 000402441600005, It has been said that youth and their parents are losing their connection to nature as evidenced by attendance in protected nature areas (PNA's) such as state and national parks (Outdoor Foundation, 2010, 2014; Monz, Cole, Leung & Marion, 2010). Managers have increased their efforts to encourage greater attendance through advertisements and specialized programs. A challenge to park managers is to manage the park in a manner that protects the natural resource while also managing the visitor experience (Francis, 2016; Lofthouse & Simmons, 2016). A primary benefit of a PNA to a visitor exists through Ecosystem Services, which is an outcome of the quality of the park experience (MEA, 2005). The quality of the visitor experience is determined to be beneficial to ones quality of life or sense of well-being (Diversitas, 2016). Using a survey design, we queired park visitors at one of the most popular state parks in the state of Minnesota called Tettegouche State Park. Visitors (n=222) were administered a questionnaire during two weeks in August, 2013, which is peak season. We asked respondents about the purpose and quality of their visit. Additionally, visitors' perceptions of ecosystem services related to the park were asked (e.g. "I believe that Tettegouche State Park is particularly important because it is a place of scenic beauty"). The ecosystem services items were based on the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES, 2013, 2016). Analysis used descriptive statistics and a factor analysis to determine groupings of perceived ecosystem services and management actions. Results indicated a positive park experience with respondents indicating that they intended to revisit the park. Factor analyses revealed visits for "A place of scenic beauty", "A place for hiking", and "A place for the use and enjoyment by people". Management views were to "Provide more information about plants and animals along the trails" and "Educate more about sustainability of park resources". These results indicate a challenge to park managers to manage the park for a more deliberately improved visitor experience beyond resources protection and more toward education provided about sustainability of the resource. This can be a dilema for PNA managers because maintaining the balance between an enhanced visitor experience through additional signage can conflict with sustainability of the natural resources. This can also be a conflict because increased use can directly conflict with sustainability of the PNA (Francis, 2016; Lofthouse & Simmons, 2016).

Published
2017

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