531 results on '"GERMAN economic policy"'
Search Results
2. Discrimination against Foreigners: The Wuerttemberg Patent Law in Administrative Practice.
- Author
-
Lehmann-Hasemeyer, Sibylle and Streb, Jochen
- Subjects
- *
PATENT fees , *FOREIGN investments ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the patent office of the German state Wuerttemberg strategically discriminated against foreign inventors by charging comparatively high patent fees. We show that this administrative practice was driven by fiscal and protectionist motives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A Silver Age? The German Economy since Reunification.
- Author
-
Silvia, Stephen J.
- Subjects
- *
GERMAN Unification, 1990 , *UNEMPLOYMENT statistics , *COVID-19 pandemic , *CLIMATE change , *DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Since German unification, assessments of the German economy have swung from "sick man of the euro" in the early years to dominant hegemon of late. I argue that the German economy appears strong because of its recent positive performance in two politically salient areas: unemployment and the current account. A deeper assessment reveals, however, that German economic performance cannot be considered a second economic miracle, but is at best a mini miracle. The reduction in unemployment is an important achievement. That said, it was not the product of faster growth, but of sharing the same volume of work among more individuals. Germany's current account surpluses are as much the result of weak domestic demand as of export prowess. Germany has also logged middling performances in recent years regarding growth, investment, productivity, and compensation. The article also reviews seven challenges Germany has faced since unification: financial transfers from west to east, the global financial crisis, the euro crisis, internal and external migration, demographics, climate change, and upheavals in the automobile industry. German policy-makers managed the first four challenges largely successfully. The latter three will be more difficult to tackle in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Dynamics of Intra-EMS Interest Rate Linkages.
- Author
-
BAUM, CHRISTOPHER F. and BARKOULAS, JOHN
- Subjects
INTEREST rates ,MONETARY policy ,MONETARY systems ,GERMAN economic policy ,FINANCE - Abstract
A number of previous studies have questioned the dominant role of Germany within the European Monetary System (EMS). These conclusions are often based on empirical findings that the interest rates of EMS member countries are not affected by German interest rates, even in the long run. In this study, we demonstrate that intra-EMS interest rate differentials (vis-à-vis Germany) exhibit mean-reverting behavior characterized by long-memory dynamics. In a system incorporating six EMS countries and one non-EMS country (the U.S.A.), estimates from a fractional error correction model suggest the presence of short-run intra-EMS monetary-policy interdependencies but validate the German Dominance Hypothesis in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Ein Haus für unser Jahrhundert.
- Author
-
Brockmeier, Sarah
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
The article reports that German foreign Minister Heiko Maas and his ministry have decided to celebrate the 150th birthday of the Federal Foreign Office with many events in 2020.
- Published
- 2020
6. Die große Ambivalenz Deutschland ist nicht mehr nur von Freunden umgeben. Heraus aus der außenpolitischen Unsicherheit - aber wie?
- Author
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Lau, Jörg
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy ,POLITICIANS - Abstract
The article reports on the most recent foreign policy debates in Germany follow recurring pattern: shock-like experiences that have provoked the beliefs of leading German politicians that one wants to "take on more responsibility."
- Published
- 2020
7. Networks of economic policy expertise in Germany and the United States in the wake of the Great Recession.
- Author
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Flickenschild, Michael and Afonso, Alexandre
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC policy , *POLICY sciences , *GREAT Recession, 2008-2013 , *SOCIAL network analysis ,UNITED States economic policy ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
This article shows how the network structure of economic expertise can influence the diffusion of ideas in economic policymaking. Applying social network analysis, we analyse the networks of economic policy advice in the United States and Germany around the Council of Economic Advisors and the Sachverständigenrat. With the help of co-publication and institutional affiliation data, we argue that the more fragmented structure of academic expertise in Germany hindered the diffusion of new ideas and fostered continuity in the austerity paradigm. In contrast, the more connected structure of economic expertise in the United States facilitated the diffusion of ideas and changes in dominant ideas about economic intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Trade-offs zwischen Arbeitsmarkt- und Wirtschaftspolitik - Policy-Präferenzen von Landesregierungen im Vergleich.
- Author
-
Berzel, Alexander
- Subjects
LABOR market ,LABOR laws ,GERMAN economic policy ,CAPITAL investments ,EMPLOYMENT policy - Abstract
Copyright of Moderne Staat is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. "The World Will Have a New Face": Germans and the Post-World War I Global Economic Order.
- Author
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Hamlin, David
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL economic relations , *ECONOMICS , *WORLD War I , *ECONOMIC warfare , *INTERNATIONAL trade , *COMMERCIAL treaties , *FOREIGN investments ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
World War I reshaped the international economy. This was, in part, the consequence of British mobilization of resources for its own war effort, which aligned producer interests around the world with those of the United Kingdom. But it was also a consequence of Western policy aimed at excluding German businessmen from global markets. German planners noted during World War I that Great Britain, in particular, was expressing an interest in continuing such exclusion after the war, with potentially enormous economic consequences for Germany. Combatting or preventing such an economic "war after the war" prompted German businessmen and politicians to support a series of policies that would have profoundly changed the institutions and norms of the prewar international economy. These policies ranged from imposing one-sided trade agreements, expanding the mark zone, and establishing German control over Eastern European industries and infrastructure, to creating shipping cartels and imposing compulsory raw material delivery agreements on the Western powers. The result of German efforts to direct trade and investment in ways preferable to the German state would have been a deeply politicized postwar international economy. The article argues that economic questions were thus a central component of German war aims, but that these were not fixed: they evolved over the course of the war in response to changes in the international economy, and they focused not on short-term emergencies but rather on longer-term structural changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Ist im Länderfinanzausgleich die isolierte Berechnung von Grenzentzugsraten für einzelne Steuern sinnvoll?
- Author
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Broer, Michael
- Subjects
FISCAL policy ,LOCAL taxation ,GOVERNMENT revenue ,TAX rates -- Government policy ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
In 2020 the new fiscal equalization system will come in force. One problem of the new system seems to be, that local tax revenues (e. g. local trade tax) are subject to much higher redistribution than under the status quo; the maximum of redistribution is higher than 100 %. But these results do ignore, that taxes could be seen as co-products. If e. g. the base of the local trade tax increases, the base of the corporation tax will raise, too. So it is not possible, to change only the revenue of one tax like the former analysis imply. Having this in mind, a simulation analysis shows, that the redistribution will always be lower than 100 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Ausländische Direktinvestitionen in Deutschland – die große Angst vor China.
- Author
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Görg, Holger
- Subjects
FOREIGN investments ,GOVERNMENT policy ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,MERGERS & acquisitions ,GERMAN economic policy ,GERMAN economy - Abstract
The current discussion in German policy circles suggests a strong scepticism towards foreign takeovers of German firms. This essay takes issue with this. It is firstly argued that Germany in actual fact receives relatively little inward investment. The essay then discusses the potential benefits from inward FDI which could also benefit the German economy. It then briefly reflects on the German policy initiatives which seem to be based on a fear of investment from China – though it is not clear at all what this fear is based on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Measuring fiscal spillovers in EMU and beyond: A Global VAR approach.
- Author
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Belke, Ansgar H. and Osowski, Thomas U.
- Subjects
FISCAL policy ,EXTERNALITIES ,MONETARY policy ,GERMAN economic policy ,FRENCH economic policy - Abstract
This paper identifies and measures fiscal spillovers in the EU countries empirically using a global vector autoregression (GVAR) model. Our aim was to look at the sign and the absolute values of fiscal spillovers in a countrywise perspective and at the time profile (impulse response) of the impacts of fiscal shocks. We find moderate spillover effects of fiscal policy shocks originating in Germany and France. However, there is significant variation regarding the magnitude of the spillovers on individual destination countries and country clusters. Furthermore, we find some evidence that German or French fiscal spillovers are stronger on EMU than on non‐EMU countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Core-Periphery Relations in the Eurozone.
- Author
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De Grauwe, Paul and Ji, Yuemei
- Subjects
MONETARY unions ,EUROZONE ,DETERMINISTIC processes ,GOVERNMENT securities ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
We argue that the case for the existence of some deterministic force that condemns countries in the periphery to stay in the periphery indefinitely, is weak. Countries that are in the periphery today can become part of the core and vice versa. We also argue that the long run success of the Eurozone depends on a continuing process of political unification. Political unification is needed because the Eurozone has dramatically weakened the power and legitimacy of nation states without creating a nation at the European level. This is particularly true in the field of stabilization. The political willingness to go in this direction, however, is non-existent today. There is no willingness to provide a common insurance mechanism that would put taxpayers in one country at risk of having to transfer money to other countries. Under those conditions the sovereign bond markets in the Eurozone will continue to be prone to instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Government Debt and Inflationary Expectations as Determinants of the Money Supply in Germany 1919-23.
- Author
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WEBB, STEVEN B.
- Subjects
MONEY supply ,PRICE inflation & public expenditures ,STATISTICAL correlation ,MONETARY policy ,PUBLIC debts ,GERMAN economic policy ,CHARTS, diagrams, etc. - Abstract
The article examines the impact of government debt and inflationary expectations on money supply in Germany. The article focuses on the significance of the money supply in the inflation process, as well as the correlations between monetary policy and credit policy. Analyzed is the influence of monetizable assets on the money supply. Included is a table the measures the growth of money, debt, and inflationary expectations on a monthly basis, beginning in January of 1919 and ending in October 1923.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. THE BLOCKED MARK PROBLEM (1931-54).
- Author
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DERNBURG, H. J.
- Subjects
EXTERNAL debts ,GERMAN economic policy ,FOREIGN exchange laws ,CAPITAL movements ,GERMAN investments ,BANKING industry - Abstract
The article focuses on the financial policies of Germany in the post World War II period, outlining the treatment of foreign exchange controls and external mark debts initiated in the 1930s and readdressed in the 1950s. Germany's efforts to unfreeze as many foreign fund sources as possible are discussed in depth. Blocked funds including not only banking loans, but also real estate holdings, security investments, and other long term assets are considered. Details of the conditions before the war which led to the developments are explained along with discussion of its ongoing efforts to resolve the problem.
- Published
- 1955
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. SOME BASIC ASPECTS OF THE GERMAN DEBT SETTLEMENT.
- Author
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DERNBURG, H. J.
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy ,EXTERNAL debts ,DEBT management ,INTERNATIONAL economic assistance - Abstract
The article discusses basic aspects of the German postwar debt settlement. Including the prewar debt, Germany has over $5.5 billion in outstanding debt. A settlement accord was reached in England and is important to Germany's economic future and stability but also the system of international lending. The author explains certain aspects of the settlement such as the negotiations to reduce the prewar debt based on territorial changes. Also, the United States wrote down the money owned to it by almost $2 billion.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The 1972 Report of the German Council of Economic Experts: Inflation and Stabilization.
- Author
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Neumann, Manfred J. M.
- Subjects
PRICE inflation ,ECONOMIC policy ,ECONOMIC stabilization ,CONSUMER price indexes ,GERMAN economy ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
The article offers a review of the 1972 report by the German Council of Economic Experts. The subject of the report was inflation in regards to finances and economic stabilization. Discussed are the factors associated with Germany's low inflation rate in the 1960s and the rate increase in the 1970s. The report also provides a detailed discussion on the developments of various price indices. It also takes issues with the view that inflation is an unavoidable result of economic growth. The report also warns the government not to accept inflation.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. What a Global Minimum Tax Means--Economically and Morally.
- Author
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WERTH, ANGELICA
- Subjects
GROUP of Seven countries ,CORPORATE taxes ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
The article discusses about the U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and the financial leaders of the other G7 nations (Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan) recently agreed to a minimum corporate tax rate of 15 percent, the global minimum corporate tax will require multinational companies with headquarters in any of the nations in the agreement to pay at least the minimum rate.
- Published
- 2021
19. Country/Territory Report - Germany.
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy ,ECONOMIC development ,POLITICAL risk (Foreign investments) - Abstract
A country report for Germany is presented from publisher IHS Global, with topics including economic growth, economic policy, country risk, and political structure.
- Published
- 2016
20. Commentary: Masculinity and the Racial State.
- Author
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Kühne, Thomas and Dillon, Christopher
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY of masculinity , *NAZI Germany, 1933-1945 , *HISTORY of homosexuality , *TWENTIETH century , *NATIONAL socialism , *MINORITIES , *HISTORY ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
In their 1991 monograph on Nazi Germany, The Racial State , Michael Burleigh and Wolfgang Wippermann asked why it was "acceptable to use anthropological categories in the case of youth or women, and apparently unacceptable to employ them in the case of men?" The expansive historiography of Nazism, they complained, offered nothing "beyond an isolated venture into the realm of male fantasies, or a few studies of homosexuals." The answer, in fact, had a lot more to do with scholarly motivation than acceptability. Put starkly, there was no intellectual frisson in recovering the history of "men" as a social category in Nazi Germany. Influential as The Racial State proved to be in driving the research agenda for historians of National Socialism, the authors' ensuing chapter, "Men in the Third Reich," merely confirmed as much. It presented a dry, empirical overview of Nazi racial and economic policies, excised of those specifically directed at women and children. The terms gender , masculine , or masculinity do not appear once in thirty-six dense pages of text. To be sure, this reflected the wider state of knowledge in the academy. Now, almost three decades later, historians can draw on a sociology of gender relations that was still in its infancy when Burleigh and Wippermann were writing. They study "men" to decode historical configurations of power. They no longer conceive of women, children, and men as discrete actor groups, but as protagonists in systems of gender relations. A sophisticated interdisciplinary literature has rendered men legible as gendered subjects, rather than as an unmarked norm. This scholarship stresses the plurality of masculine identities. It advises that a racial state, like all known states, will be a patriarchal institution, and that the gendering of oppressed ethnic minorities plays a key role in the construction of majority femininities and masculinities. By pondering the relationship between racial and social identities in Nazi Germany, Burleigh and Wippermann nevertheless raised questions with which historians continue to grapple. Each of the contributors to this special issue of Central European History focuses productively on the intersection of gender, ethnicity, and power in the "racial state." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Teilhabe für arbeitsmarktferne Arbeitslose durch einen Sozialen Arbeitsmarkt – Chancen und Risiken eines notwendigen Instruments.
- Author
-
Kupka, Peter, Möller, Joachim, Lobato, Philipp Ramos, and Wolff, Joachim
- Subjects
JOB creation ,LABOR market ,SOCIAL integration ,MENTORING ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
We discuss a new scheme of subsidized jobs for unemployed people with extremely low job finding prospects. This scheme, referred to as Social Labour Market, primarily intends to promote their social inclusion. Research on public employment schemes has shown that it is of utmost importance to define very narrow criteria for participation in order to avoid lock-in-effects. Due to health issues and other severe employment impediments of the participants, the design of a social labour market should allow for flexible work arrangements and include some kind of mentoring ("job coaches"). We conclude that the scheme planned by the German government basically meets many criteria recommended by labour market researchers but still bears some risk of "creaming". We recommend to start with a small number of participants. This should help to test the process of assigning participants and assess the effectiveness of different designs of the scheme before boosting the number of participants to the ultimate size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Sozialer Arbeitsmarkt – ein Ansatz zur Erfüllung des Teilhabeauftrags des SGB II.
- Author
-
Knuth, Matthias
- Subjects
LABOR market ,SOCIAL integration ,JOB creation ,GERMAN economic policy ,PRIVATE sector - Abstract
In order to make the labour market more socially inclusive, the new German coalition endeavours to introduce a new instrument, which will eventually create 150,000 temporary subsidized jobs. Compared with the tradition of manifold forms of 'make work' in the past, new features are the targeting of people with extreme distance from the labour market, a focus on social integration and participation rather than on transitions to unsubsidized employment, and the creation of concomitant support structures aiming at assisting workers to adjust to a situation unfamiliar to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Job Insecurity: Differential Effects of Subjective and Objective Measures on Life Satisfaction Trajectories of Workers Aged 27-30 in Germany.
- Author
-
Helbling, Laura and Kanji, Shireen
- Subjects
- *
JOB security , *ECONOMIC security , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *EMPLOYMENT ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Job insecurity has become increasingly evident in European countries in recent years. In Germany, legislation has increased insecurity through erosion of the standard employment relationship. Fixed-term contracts are central to definitions of insecurity based on atypical or precarious work but there is still limited understanding of what creates insecurity and how it affects workers. Drawing on Bourdieu’s thesis that “insecurity is everywhere”, the relationships between subjective and objective measures of insecurity are examined for their impact on the 5-year trajectories of life satisfaction of men and women in the age group 27-30. Latent growth curve analysis of data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for 2010-2014 highlights the adverse and lasting effects of subjective concerns about job insecurity on life satisfaction trajectories. This association cuts across educational groups, with far reaching implications as subjective concerns about job security permeate young worker’s lives well beyond the objective condition of being employed on a fixed-term contract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The creeping influence of consultants on cities: McKinsey’s involvement in Berlin’s urban economic and social policies.
- Author
-
Vogelpohl, Anne and Klemp, Felicitas
- Subjects
URBAN growth ,GERMAN economic policy ,SOCIAL policy ,STRATEGIC planning ,BUSINESS consultants - Abstract
The involvement of management consultants in contemporary urban policymaking exemplifies how experts exercise political influence. In Berlin, the McKinsey consultancy has gained a particularly powerful role in shaping strategies in economic, but also social, issues. We examine two instances of its involvement from two different angles: Berlin 2020, a pro bono study by McKinsey that gives advice for a stronger economic dynamism, provides insights into how the consultancy establishes itself as a powerful actor in urban policymaking through stabilising the consensus on economic growth as a key goal for urban development; and the parliamentary debates on McKinsey’s support for the city’s integration plans reveal both intensified personal private–public networks and their political contestation. Both examples are thoroughly analysed by applying the documentary method. The entrepreneurial experts’ political influence indicates a combination of neoliberalisation, market regulation, urban crises, and a demand for fast policies. We expose consultants’ general tactics in contemporary policymaking and conceive these as a creeping expert influence on cities through organising consensuses and networks. We identify the processes of expert-driven local decision-making as mechanisms of concentrating urban political powers that are simultaneously endorsed and contested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Political budget cycles and divided government.
- Author
-
Garmann, Sebastian
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT spending policy ,ECONOMICS & politics ,TAXATION ,TAX rate laws ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The puzzle of public opposition to TTIP in Germany.
- Author
-
Chan, Alexsia T. and Crawford, Beverly K.
- Subjects
TRANSATLANTIC Trade & Investment Partnership ,GERMAN economic policy ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,FREE trade ,COLLECTIVE action - Abstract
Germany is pivotal to the success of any trade agreement between the European Union and the United States. As the third largest exporter in the world, Germany is dependent on open markets; throughout the post-war period, government support for free trade has been unequivocal. Despite these positive incentives for expanding free trade, both German business and the wider public voiced fierce opposition to the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). TTIP became a flash point for the German public to overcome collective action problems and create a broad protest movement against a free trade agreement for the first time in German history. This movement enabled the public to successfully exercise influence on German foreign economic policy-making, which had long been protected from public pressure. By 2015, the success of that pressure in penetrating the policy-making apparatus combined with growing government concern about the potential of international firms to undermine national policy. As a result of the confluence of these two forces, German leaders changed their position in TTIP negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. POST-PERSHING GERMANY.
- Author
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Laqueur, Walter
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC policy , *ECONOMICS ,GERMAN politics & government ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Comments on changes in economic policy in Germany in 1984. Political consequences of the issue; Political factors behind the economic shift in Germany; Implications on German politics and economics.
- Published
- 1984
28. Erhard's economic miracle.
- Author
-
Herrera, Stephan
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Argues that the true reason for the economic turnaround in post-World War II Germany was the economic policy of Ludwig Erhard, the German senior economic advisor to General Lucius Clay, the man in charge of the American zone in West Germany. Erhard's free market beliefs; The 50th anniversary of the Marshall Plan in 1997; Economic conditions in Germany in 1997; Statistics; The rise of the welfare state. INSET: In his own words..
- Published
- 1997
29. Fact and Comment.
- Author
-
Forbes Jr., Malcolm S.
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
States that a serious economic and financial crisis is brewing because Germany's Bundesbank has raised real interest rates to levels not seen since the Great Depression. Battering European economies; Effects on the United States economy; Effects of tight monetary policy in Japan.
- Published
- 1992
30. A Time-Bomb Ticks in East Germany.
- Author
-
Raffner, Sebastian
- Subjects
- *
SOCIALIST parties , *POLITICAL parties , *ECONOMIC history ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
The article reports that early last month, Herr Bruno Leuschner, head of the State Planning Commission and member of the Politburo of the East German Socialist Unity Party, made a great statement. Speaking to the Central Committee of the Party at a meeting in East Berlin, he announced the virtual collapse of the economic plan for 1957; and he submitted facts and figures which add up to a desperately serious economic situation. Leuschner said, it was still planned to spend 6 billion Deutsche Marks in new investments ,and to increase popular consumption by 12 billion Deutsche Marks in 1957.
- Published
- 1957
31. Hartz IV: The Solution to the Unemployment Problems in the Eurozone?
- Author
-
Bofinger, Peter
- Subjects
ECONOMIC reform ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,GERMAN economic policy ,ECONOMIC models ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
The Hartz IV reforms are consistently regarded as a successful German model for the reduction of structural unemployment. Is it therefore appropriate to advise other member states of the European monetary union to carry out similar reforms? This paper strongly disagrees, arguing that the reduction in unemployment in Germany since 2005 is mainly due to cyclical factors and to the petering out of the negative employment effects caused by the economic transformation after German unification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The impact of aircraft noise on apartment prices: a differences-in-differences hedonic approach for Frankfurt, Germany.
- Author
-
Winke, Tim
- Subjects
AIRCRAFT noise ,APARTMENTS ,ENDOGENEITY (Econometrics) ,HEDONIC damages ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
This paper assesses the implicit valuation of aircraft noise by looking at changes in list offer prices for owner-occupied apartments around the airport of Frankfurt, Germany. A differences-in-differences research design permits circumvention of typical endogeneity problems in hedonic price estimations: Namely, the construction of the northwest runway in 2011 led to new aircraft noise exposure and subsequent price decreases in some southern parts of Frankfurt. The paper compares price changes in differentially affected areas around the announcement of the runway location in December 2007 and around its commissioning in October 2011. Noise changes are measured using publicly known noise projections as well as detailed noise assessment data for 2007 and 2012. The results suggest very little realization of externality costs before noise is actually apparent. Once aircraft noise came into effect, a price devaluation of around 1.7% per decibel of additional noise due to the new runway is measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. DIGITALISIERUNG DEMOKRATISCHER ÖFFENTLICHKEITEN.
- Author
-
Ingold, Albert
- Subjects
DIGITAL technology ,DEMOCRACY ,INFORMATION technology ,SOCIAL media ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
The article focuses on the digitization of democratic public affairs in Germany. Topics discussed include network connected to communication infrastructures and political economy in Germany; the Network Enforcement Act which brought changes in the social networks in Germany; and the relationship between social media, information technology, and democracy in Germany.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Urban Improvement Districts as new form of local governance.
- Author
-
Boehme, René and Warsewa, Günter
- Subjects
- *
URBAN planning , *URBAN growth , *URBANIZATION , *REAL property , *GOVERNMENT policy ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
A growing number of German towns established Urban Improvement Districts (UIDs) as instrument of redevelopment of urban neighbourhoods. Real-estate owners and further actors participate politically and contribute financially to the process of revaluation, but this brings about problems of local democracy, legitimation, participation and accountability. The article examines the implementation of UIDs in three German cities and compares experiences made with this new instrument of participative urban development. It focuses on the implications for local democracy and explores whether UIDs could be useful instruments of city governance and appropriate arrangements to unlock additional resources at local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. IG Metall’s comeback: Trade union renewal in times of crisis.
- Author
-
Schmalz, Stefan and Thiel, Marcel
- Subjects
LABOR movement ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Germany’s biggest trade union, IG Metall, is celebrating a comeback. IG Metall seized the window of opportunity offered by the 2008–2009 financial and economic crisis to consolidate its political influence, and since 2011 has registered a continuous rise in membership. In this article, we analyse the renewal of IG Metall by invoking and adding to the international discussion on trade union revitalisation and by emphasising the importance of leadership in the organisation’s multilevel structures. We argue that organisational renewal and the consolidation of power resources have taken place at various levels of IG Metall. This process was structured by incentives from the union’s national leadership, such as the creation of a central innovation fund. IG Metall has successfully developed strategic capabilities, reorganised its structure, improved its public image and seized the shock of the financial crisis to revive political dialogue with the government on employment policies. However, the renewal process continues to be fragile, as IG Metall faces new challenges, such as the rise of the extreme political right in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Deutsche Wirtschaftspolitik zwischen Dirigismus und Liberalismus.
- Author
-
Bührer, Werner
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy ,GERMAN economy ,GERMAN Unification, 1990 ,HISTORY - Abstract
The article focuses on the economic policy of Germany as implied by country's federal ministry on business enterprises. Various topics discussed include liberalism in the country, economic condition of Germany, reunification in 1990s, problem-oriented history of country, its contemporary history and its planned economy.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Works Councils and Collective Bargaining in Germany: A Simple Theoretical Extension to Reconcile Conflicting Empirical Findings.
- Author
-
Jirjahn, Uwe
- Subjects
WORKS councils ,LABOR-management committees ,EMPLOYEE participation in management ,CORPORATE culture ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
A model by Hübler and Jirjahn (2003) suggests that redistribution activities of works councils are more limited in establishments covered by collective bargaining. The model predicts that works councils have stronger productivity effects and weaker wage effects in covered than in uncovered establishments. While empirical studies provide supporting evidence for the predicted productivity effects, the results on the wage effects are mixed. This article extends the model to reconcile the empirical findings. It takes into account that collective-bargaining coverage not only limits redistribution activities but also strengthens the effectiveness of performance-enhancing work practices negotiated between employers and works councils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Quantifying the Subjective Value of Certainty.
- Author
-
Eisenhauer, Joseph G.
- Subjects
RISK aversion ,EXPECTED utility ,BERNOULLI hypothesis (Risk) ,THEORY of knowledge ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Traditional measures of risk preference require that an agent's utility function be twice differentiable and that the risk be miniscule. We introduce a discrete index that requires no assumptions regarding the functional form of utility or the magnitude of the risk. The index quantifies the value of certainty by contrasting the relief that one experiences from the absence of a loss to the regret that (s)he feels at a foregone opportunity for gain. It exhibits a consistent range across different data types, and signals any economically irrational behavior. Empirical estimates are made with reservation price data and reservation probability data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Biographical Research Methods and Their Use in the Study of Senior Tourism.
- Author
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Huber, Dominik, Milne, Simon, and Hyde, Kenneth F.
- Subjects
TOURISTS ,TOURISM ,LEISURE -- Social aspects ,SOCIAL interaction ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
This paper explores the use of biographical research methods in the study of tourism behaviour among older adults in Freising, Germany. A qualitative biographical participatory research approach is argued to provide an emic perspective on seniors' tourism behaviour over their life course. A variety of techniques for the collection and analysis of biographical data are developed and applied including approaches to the graphical presentation of summaries of biographical data, life history guides, ecomaps and the use of vacation photos and travel records. This study suggests that researching individual biographies in depth can provide a contextualized understanding of tourism behaviour changes in old age. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. What's Right about the Left–Right Dimension? The Causes and the Consequences of Ideological Inconsistency on Economic Issues in Germany.
- Author
-
Otjes, Simon
- Subjects
- *
PRACTICAL politics & society , *IDEOLOGY & society , *POLITICAL science & economics , *TWENTY-first century , *TWENTIETH century ,GERMAN economic policy ,GERMAN politics & government - Abstract
There is growing evidence that policy preferences of citizens on economic issues do not follow an ideological left–right pattern; that is, from the perspective of political science theory, citizens' economic policy preferences are ideologically inconsistent. This article examines this phenomenon for the German case. It shows that a large share of German citizens have ideologically inconsistent views on economic issues. The article further investigates the causes of this ideological inconsistency and its consequences for democratic representation: citizens with inconsistent views tend to be more dissatisfied with their own societal position and tend to have less political knowledge. The article further shows that citizens with ideologically inconsistent views are less satisfied with democracy and less likely to vote in elections, because they cannot find adequate representation among the established parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Country/Territory Report - Germany.
- Subjects
GERMAN economic policy ,GERMAN politics & government ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
A country report for Germany is presented from publisher IHS Global Inc. with topics including business environment and risk, political situation and risk, and economic growth.
- Published
- 2015
42. The ambivalence of geographic origin effects: evidence from the globalizing pork industry.
- Author
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Klein, Oliver and Tamásy, Christine
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL intensification ,COMMERCIAL products ,GLOBAL production networks ,PORK industry ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Current discourses on the agrifood sector indicate that issues like provenance, regionality or traceability are becoming more and more relevant. This also applies to the globalizing pork industry which is the focus of this paper. On the basis of a case study on the Oldenburger Münsterland, Northwest Germany, the impact of geographic origin effects on multiscalar networks of pork production is examined from the perspective of three conceptual frameworks (global production networks, commodity cultures, and imaginative geographies). The empirical findings based on expert interviews show that key actors of the pork industry (e.g. slaughterers, manufacturers, retailers) adopt specific strategies that are related to changing (and partly delusive) meanings of provenance and regionality. In this respect, several export-oriented firms emphasize a guaranteed German origin primarily in order to develop markets (particularly in East Asian countries). Regional and small-scale strategies, however, are obviously not of such a great importance as media-dominated discourses on geographic origins of foods would have us believe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Risk, Uncertainty, and Learning in Nanomaterials Regulation: An Analytical Framework.
- Author
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Reichow, Aline
- Subjects
- *
INDUSTRIAL safety , *ACCIDENT prevention , *UNCERTAINTY , *NANOSTRUCTURED materials , *LAW , *ECONOMICS ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
The regulation of nanomaterials is still surrounded by scientific uncertainty regarding their potential human health risks. It is therefore useful to consider learning approaches in the process of regulation. Effective regulation is conceptualised with regard to collaborative activities of state and non-state actors that enable mutual learning regarding the health risks of nanomaterials. A theoretical framework is offered for studying learning processes in the area of occupational safety and health. Drawing on the network governance literature, three learning types (namely substantive, strategic, and institutional learning) are distinguished. Analytical conditions are proposed and applied to the case of nanomaterials in Germany, thereby offering insights into learning processes in industry-initiated collaborative activities. It is concluded that the development of trust among network collaborators is decisive for learning processes. Accordingly, a proposal for research into specific stages of trust development is made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Institutional conditioning of the German labour market in the face of the global economic crisis 2008-2009.
- Author
-
MOSZYŃSKI, MICHAŁ
- Subjects
LABOR market ,GLOBAL Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ,GERMAN economic policy ,EMPLOYMENT ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
Aim: The scientific objective of this study is an attempt to clarify the institutional aspects of the functioning of the labour market in Germany that are relevant to the response to the global economic crisis of 2008-2009. Motivation: The reaction of German labour market was totally different than during previous recessions and the explanation of the sources of this response constitutes the main motivation to undertake this study. The considerations rely on the thesis that it could be attributed to the institutional infrastructure combined with clever economic policy of the state and responsible behaviour of social partners. The economic theory suggests how an isolated institution functions, but in the real world they works in the whole institutional network. Therefore the broader context and some linkages are mentioned. Results: After a brief review of the main macroeconomic indicators and selected labour market institutions in Germany in comparison to the OECD countries, the labour market reforms undertaken in the period between 2002 and 2007 will be discussed. Then, selected on the basis of literature studies, institutional buffers of the labour market mitigating shocks are examined with particular emphasis on the instruments of internal flexibility, social partners' behaviour and institutional connections of labour markets with other domains of economic order. The elements of institutional framework are subject to qualitative analysis backed up by available official statistical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Can Germany save itself from negative rates?
- Subjects
INFLATION forecasting ,PRICE inflation ,GERMAN economy ,GERMAN economic policy ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
German inflation looks set to rise in response to diminishing slack in the economy. But this will be a mixed blessing for those in Germany hit by negative policy rates and ECB asset purchases. Higher German inflation may eliminate the need for further ECB policy action, but it is unlikely to trigger imminent rate hikes. As a result, the rise in inflation will merely lower real interest rates for German savers., Structural cross-country differences mean that the ECB is better able to hit its inflation target when the peripheral economies rather than Germany are the region's growth engine. A key reason for this is that the German Phillips curve is flat by Eurozone standards, meaning that policymakers need to work hard to generate sufficient inflation in Germany to offset sustained weakness elsewhere., Despite this, there is evidence to suggest that the tightening labour market is beginning to push German wage growth higher. And if productivity growth remains subdued, this will lead to faster unit labour cost growth., While firms could respond by lowering their margins, the strength of household spending suggests that firms may be more inclined than in the past to pass on higher costs to consumers., In all, we expect German inflation to rise more sharply than elsewhere to around 2% in 2017, meaning that the ECB will not unveil further unconventional policy support. But it would take much sharper rises in German wage growth and inflation than in our baseline forecast to prompt the ECB to bring forward interest rate rises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The Quest for Robust Counterfeit and Piracy Figures: Custom Agencies as Statistical Decision-makers and Recent Evidence Based on German Imports.
- Author
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Cuntz, Alexander
- Subjects
PRODUCT counterfeiting ,PIRACY (Copyright) ,DECISION making ,CUSTOMS inspection ,FOREIGN trade regulation ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Based on unique custom seizure data, we extrapolate robust figures on the amount of counterfeit and piracy in German imports. We therefore outline a simple model which explores estimation biases in counterfeit statistics provided by utility-maximising custom agencies. Our empirical strategy sets out to (i) provide evidence on bias and, (ii) guided by theory, identify an unbiased subsample of the data. Upper bound population estimates (counterfeit shares) for 2010-11 suggest that around 17 per cent of all German imports are counterfeit. In addition, we highlight differences in counterfeit trade by commodity and distribution channel, and conclude with policy advice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Theorizing national preference formation.
- Author
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Kim, Min-hyung
- Subjects
- *
INTERSTATE agreements , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *TWENTY-first century ,BRITISH economic policy ,GERMAN economic policy ,FRENCH economic policy - Abstract
This article seeks to explain through the contextualized comparisons of a few critical cases how national preferences on an interstate bargaining issue are formed domestically. It proposes an interaction framework of national preference formation (NPF), which emphasizes the government's policy autonomy, the size of the ruling party or coalition, and the party unity in aggregating divergent domestic preferences for interstate bargaining. The framework is tested against major European Community members' preference formation on Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Case studies reveal that the interaction framework quite accurately describes the national preferences of Germany, Britain, and France over EMU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Weimar als Herausforderung. Die Weimarer Republik und die Demokratie im 21. Jahrhundert.
- Author
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Noak, Ronny
- Subjects
- *
EMPLOYMENT , *DEMOCRACY , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *TWENTIETH century ,GERMAN politics & government ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Information on Weimar als Herausforderung. Die Weimarer Republik und die Demokratie im 21. Jahrhundert, a conference that was held in Weimar, Germany from November 27-29, 2015 is presented. Topics discussed include economic policy of Germany in 20th century, democracy in the country and employment. The symposium featured several historians including Michael Dreyer, Detlef Lehnert and Moritz Kilger.
- Published
- 2016
49. Germany and the Euro-Zone Crisis: The European Reformation of the German Banking Crisis and the Future of the Euro.
- Author
-
Thompson, Helen
- Subjects
- *
BANKING industry , *EURO , *FINANCIAL crises ,ECONOMIC conditions in the Eurozone ,GERMAN economic policy - Abstract
Analysis of the German response to the euro crisis has been framed around a narrative of the relationship between domestic sacrifice and hegemony and sustains an assumption that the German commitment to the euro is proven. Such analysis downplays the importance of the banking crisis in Germany in explaining the decision-making of the German government around the euro-zone debt crisis. Giving German interests in relation to the German banking crisis analytical weight can explain both the positions taken by the German government and their consequences for the underlying structural problems the euro-zone faces as a monetary union. Since the outcomes of German policy have advanced German interests, German handling of the euro-zone crisis cannot sustain a claim that Germany has demonstrated its commitment to the euro. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Determinants of Work-at-Home Arrangements for German Employees.
- Author
-
Sarbu, Miruna
- Subjects
EMPLOYEES ,TELECOMMUTING ,DISCRETE choice models ,WORK environment ,GERMAN economic policy ,TWENTY-first century ,PHYSIOLOGY ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Flexible work arrangements such as allowing employees to work at home are increasingly widespread among firms. Using individual-level data from 10,884 German employees, this paper analyses the determinants of working at home. The analysis is based on descriptive analyses and a discrete choice model. The results reveal that men have a higher probability to work at home, but women are more likely to work at home intensively. Education, tenure, and the use of computers increase the probability of working at home whereas firm size and young age of employees reduce it. Having children less than 6 years old, overtime, and work time have a positive impact on both working at home and on working at home intensively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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