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In this study we describe the Diversity and Distribution of Terrestrial Gastropod Fauna (Snails and Slugs) of Loralai Division, Balochistan Province, Pakistan, that how Diversity and Distribution of Terrestrial Gastropod Fauna (Snails and Slugs) are affected from change in climate or what is the present status. As native terrestrial snails and slugs are poorly studied and understood in Balochistan Province. The study was conducted during the period of March 2022 to March 2023 from the Loralai divisions. Specimens will be collected and preserved randomly from the soil, vegetation, gardens, humid and shaded places of each selected sites and will preserve in 70-80% ethyl alcohol in specimen bottles. A total 592 individuals of snails and slugs (Gastropods) “were sampled and examined. The gastropods were dominant in all” areas of the Loralai divisions. A total of five species were recorded from eight sampling sites during the study period which are B. similaris, M. sequax, Z. insularis, A. gracile, Z. detrita. These taxa were represented by a class Gastropoda; two orders viz., Stylommatophora and Pulmonata; five families and five genera. Seasonally, the species richness showed its highest value during Summer, followed by Spring, then Autumn, whereas the least catch was recorded in Winter in all studied sites. “The high value of soil pH was reported by in September to which present finding showed dissimilarity. Soil organic carbon and soil organic matter ranged (0.94 - 1.88) % and (1.70 - 3.24) % with maximum content of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and Soil Organic Matter (SOM) in site-5 and minimum in site-8”. It was Concluded that among the ten sites, Given the number and diversity of gastropods, it is clear from this study that there is an important suggestion between the distribution of gastropods and sediment quality.

Defining and recording the loss of species diversity is a daunting task, especially if identities of species under threat are not fully resolved. An example is the Pontocaspian biota. The mostly endemic invertebrate faunas that evolved in the Black Sea - Caspian Sea - Aral Sea region and live under variable salinity conditions are undergoing strong change, yet within several groups species boundaries are not well established. Collection efforts in the past decade have failed to produce living material of various species groups whose taxonomic status is unclear. This lack of data precludes an integrated taxonomic assessment to clarify species identities and estimate species richness of Pontocaspian biota combining morphological, ecological, genetic, and distribution data. In this paper, we present an expert-working list of Pontocaspian and invasive mollusc species associated to Pontocaspian habitats. This list is based on published and unpublished data on morphology, ecology, anatomy, and molecular biology. It allows us to (1) document Pontocaspian mollusc species, (2) make species richness estimates, and (3) identify and discuss taxonomic uncertainties. The endemic Pontocaspian mollusc species richness is estimated between 55 and 99 species, but there are several groups that may harbour cryptic species. Even though the conservation status of most of the species is not assessed or data deficient, our observations point to deterioration for many of the Pontocaspian species. ispartof: ZOOKEYS vol:827 issue:827 pages:31-124 ispartof: location:Bulgaria status: published

Das Profil Süttö 6 wird aus Löß aufgebaut, in welchen ein Paläoboden-Komplex eingeschaltet ist. Derselbe gehört in das letzte Interglazial. Die Vertebratenfauna, insbesondere die zahlreichen Kleinsäuger und die Molluskenfauna, lassen den Übergang von der Rißeiszeit zum R/W-Interglazial erkennen. Dabei zeigt sich, daß sich der faunistische Übergang zur Warmzeit bereits in der Phase der Lößbildung andeutet., research