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C15H16N2O6S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.1325(3) Å, b = 6.2088(2) Å, c = 23.8080(6) Å, β = 99.266(2)°, V = 1,624.12(8) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0431, wRref (F 2) = 0.1271, T = 293(2) K.

C26H36N4O14Co, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.1895(7) Å, b = 8.7773(9) Å, c = 10.9067(11) Å, α = 98.180(2)°, β = 104.0480(10)°, γ = 90.180(2)°, V = 660.37(11) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt (F) = 0.0287, wRref (F 2) = 0.0751, T = 296.15 K.

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a severe syndrome affecting the urinary system for which there are no effective therapeutics. In this study, we investigate the effects and mechanisms of aminophylline in preventing CRF development. A rat model of chronic renal failure is established by 5/6 nephrectomy. The levels of serum creatinine (SCR), urinary protein (UPR), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are detected by ELISA. Histological evaluations of renal tissues are performed by H&E, Masson staining, and PAS staining. Functional protein expression is detected by western blot analysis or immunofluorescence microscopy. Glomerular cell apoptosis is determined using the TUNEL method. Results show that Aminophylline significantly reduces the levels of SCR, UPR, and BUN in the CRF model rats. Histological analyses show that aminophylline effectively alleviates renal tissue injuries in CRF rats. The protein expression levels of nephrin, podocin, SIRT1, p-AMPK, and p-ULK1 are greatly increased, while p-mTOR protein expression is markedly decreased by aminophylline treatment. Additionally, the protein level of LC3B in CRF rats is significantly increased by aminophylline. Moreover, aminophylline alleviates apoptosis in the glomerular tissues of CRF rats. Furthermore, resveratrol promotes SIRT1, p-AMPK, and p-ULK1 protein expressions and reduces p-mTOR and LC3B protein expressions in CRF rats. Selisistat (a SIRT1 inhibitor) mitigates the changes in SIRT1, p-AMPK, p-ULK1, p-mTOR, and LC3B expressions induced by aminophylline. Finally, RAPA alleviates renal injury and apoptosis in CRF rats, and 3-MA eliminates the aminophylline-induced inhibition of renal injury and apoptosis in CRF rats. Aminophylline suppresses chronic renal failure progression by modulating the SIRT1/AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy process.

The conventional triaxial loading tests were conducted under different saturation(50%, 80%) and confining pressures (12 MPa, 16 MPa, 20 MPa) to explore the applicability of Mohr-Coulomb(M-C) criterion, Hoek-Brown (H-B) criterion as well as Generalized Hoek-Brown(GH-B) criterion to gas hydrate-containing coal under high confining pressure condition. The stress-strain curves were analyzed, and the variation of the main principal stress with the confining pressure was fitted by using the formulas of three strength criteria. Meanwhile, the root mean square deviation RMSE and correlation coefficient were introduced to evaluate the applicability of different strength criteria for gas hydrate-containing coal. The results show that the stress-strain curves exhibit strain hardening characteristics under the condition of high confining pressure. The higher the confining pressure and saturation, the higher the peak strength. The confining pressure has a significant effect on the peak strength. M-C and GH-B criteria are proved to have good fitting effect on the test data, with higher correlation coefficient and lower RMSE value than H-B criterion. The linear fitting line between the predicted value and the test value is very close to the 1∶1 gradient line, indicating that the two criteria have good applicability to gas hydrate-containing coal. The correlation coefficient of H-B criterion is lower than M-C and GH-B criterion. The RMSE value is larger, and the applicability of H-B criterion to gas hydrate-containing coal is slightly lower than M-C criterion and GH-B criterion.

In order to obtain the applicability of the strength criterion of gas hydrate coal under high saturation, based on Drucker-Prager criterion and combined with the stress-strain curve of gas hydrate coal under conventional triaxial compression, the error between the theoretical value and the experimental value under Drucker-Prager criterion was discussed. The applicability of Drucker-Prager criterion was analyzed and compared with Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The results show that the peak strength of gas hydrate coal increases with the increase of confining pressure and saturation under the coupling effect of high saturation and confining pressure. The maximum absolute errors of strength prediction by Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Drucker-Prager criterion were 6.77% and 3.66%, respectively, indicating that the test results were in good agreement with the prediction model. However, the absolute errors of intensity prediction of Drucker-Prager criterion are in the range of 0.92%-3.66%, and the range of error fluctuation is small, indicating that Drucker-Prager criterion is more suitable for high saturation.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of Qi-Tonifying preparations (Astragalus membranaceus and Atractylodes macrocephala) on hepatic fibrosis in rats. Methods Wistar rats (7 weeks old) were divided into normal control (n=10), model group (n=10), colchicine group (0.45 mg/kg, n=9), and Qi-Tonifying preparation group (3.6 g/kg, n=10). Corresponding drugs or normal saline were given to the rats intragastrically, once a day, for continuous 12 weeks. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated p38 mitogen activated protease (p-p38) in the liver tissues. RT-qPCR was employed to detect the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1a (MCP-1a) in the liver tissues. Immunohistochemical assay was adopted to detect the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) in the liver tissues. Results The results of Western blotting showed that the expression levels of α-SMA and p-ERK1/2 were significantly higher in the model group than the normal control group (P < 0.05), but no such difference was seen in that of p-p38 (P>0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of α-SMA and p-p38 were decreased in the Qi-Tonifying preparation group and the colchicine group (P < 0.05), and that of ERK1/2 was decreased obviously in the colchicine group (P < 0.05), but the level was similar in the Qi-Tonifying preparation group (P>0.05). These results suggested that Qi-Tonifying preparations alleviated the progression of liver fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of α-SMA, p-ERK1/2 and p-p38. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of MCP-1a was significantly increased in the model group than the normal control group (P < 0.05), and was down-regulated in the Qi-Tonifying group and the colchicine group than the model group (P < 0.05). Qi-Tonifying preparations alleviated the progression of liver fibrosis by down-regulating MCP-1a. Immunohistochemical assay showed that MMP-2 was obviously expressed in the normal control group, and observed in the model group. Its expression was stronger in the Qi-Tonifying group and the colchicine group than the model group. The expression of MMP-9 was mildly observed in the normal group, and was up-regulated in the model group than the normal group, but down-regulated in the Qi-Tonifying group and the colchicine group when compared with the model group. Conclusion Qi-Tonifying preparations can improve liver fibrosis in rats, and may reduce the release of inflammatory cells by inhibiting MCP-1, thereby suppressing the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways and reducing phosphorylated p-ERK1/2, P-p38 mediated signal transmission from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and then inhibits the expression of TIMP-1, promotes the release of MMP-2 and MMP-9, increases ECM degradation, reduces deposition, and finally, reverses liver fibrosis.

As an important means of atmospheric threat awareness, airborne weather radar plays an important role in aviation security. This paper analyzes the development process of airborne weather radar and products and technologies at home and abroad, looks forward to the development trend of airborne weather radar, and combs its key technologies and difficulties in order to promote the research and development of related technologies in China.

This study focuses on the energy variation rules of gas hydrate-bearing coal during deformation and failure, combined with the deviatoric stress-strain curves under conventional triaxial compression and the first law of thermodynamics. The results show that the elastic strain energy is dominant in the process of pre-peak deformation and failure of gas hydrate-bearing coal; while the gas hydrate-bearing coal may experience energy dissipation after the peak stress. Then, the total energy, elastic strain energy and dissipation energy all increase with increasing of the confining pressure and the saturation. Furthermore, the multiple linear regression equation depicting the viriation of saturation and confining pressure was established with the total energy of the critical failure point, with the better fitting effect. Moreover, the elastic energy accumulation at the failure point increases, thus producing the larger dissipation energy.

To establish a method for the determination of phthalic acid esters in Peanut oil, Peanut oil samples were extracted with n-hexane saturated acetonitrile, purified by 25 mg PSA and 25 mg C18 and detected by GC-MS selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode detection, external standard method quantitative.The standard solution of 17 phthalates showed a good linearity in the concentration range of 0.02～3.0 mg/L,and the correlation coefficient (r) is above 0.999, the detection limit (LOD) was 0.01 mg/kg to 0.02 mg/kg,and the quantitative limit (LQD) was 0.03 mg/kg to 0.05 mg/kg. the recovery of standard addition was 92.47% to 108.72%, and the relative standard deviation was 1.10% to 5.94%.The method is simple, rapid,sensitive and accurate. and can be used for the determination of 17 phthalates in Peanut oils.

This paper aims at quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing the use and distribution of informality features in a comparable corpus of research articles (rAs) written by L1 Chinese scholars (Css) and L1 English scholars (Ess) across four disciplines. The normalized frequencies of eleven informal features were calculated and compared first between Ess’ and Css’ rAs in the same discipline and then across the four disciplines. Four features, namely first person pronouns, pronominal anaphoric reference, sentence-initial conjunctions/conjunctive adverbs, and imperatives, were identified to be the contributing factors and analyzed qualitatively. The results demonstrate that: (i) there is significant difference in the use of informality features between Ess and Css with Css employing informality features less frequently than Ess; (ii) disciplinary variations are present with Physics rAs sounding more informal and Linguistics rAs more formal; (iii) the distribution of specific informality features presents a diversified picture: Css’ use of first person pronouns and pronominal anaphoric references is less frequent, and their use of imperatives and sentence-initial conjunctions/conjunctive adverbs is more frequent than Ess’. These findings shed light on teaching academic writing and provide writers with some guidance about stylistic choice.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene 677C> T polymorphism and fetal congenital defects.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (including unplanned general anesthesia) and planned general anesthesia combined spinal epidural anesthesia for parturients diagnosed with pernicious placenta previa (PPP) undergoing caesarean section. Methods A total of 106 parturients (28 weeks of gestation) diagnosed with PPP by ultrasonography in our hospital during April 2015 and December 2017 were eligible to participate in the study. They were randomly allocated to SGA and CSA groups (n=53). The patients in the SGA group received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, and general anesthesia was induced after clamping of the umbilical cord. For those in the CSA group, they were given conventional combined spinal epidural anesthesia. The intraoperative bleeding amount, operation time, proportion of ICU admission, hemodynamic parameters, amounts of blood products administered, condition of breastfeeding and incidence of postpartum depression measured by the Edinburgh depression scale were compared between the 2 groups. Results ① There were 18 parturients in the CSA group who had to being converted to general anaesthesia due to uncomfortableness during surgery. This group of patients had larger amount of intraoperative bleeding (2 994±1 895 vs 1 181±504 mL), higher ratio of those with the bleeding volume over 2 000 mL (12 vs 6), higher proportion of ICU admission (10 vs 2), and higher incidence of postpartum depression in 30 d after delivery (22 vs 16) when compared to those in the CSA group but not with the conversion (all P < 0.01). ② The numbers of the patients with bleeding volume >2 000 mL (8 vs 18, P < 0.05), of ICU admission (3 vs 12, P < 0.05) and the incidence of postpartum depression (11/53 vs 38/53, P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the SGA group than the CSA group. Conclusion For the PPP parturients undergoing caesarean section, planned general anaesthesia after delivery of baby is superior to conversion from spinal to general anaesthesia in decreasing intraoperative blood loss, and reducing rates of massive bleeding and ICU admissions. What's more, the anaesthesia plan also decreases the incidence of postpartum depression by providing optimal operating conditions.

Accurate determination of the characteristics of coal mine gas separation products is the key for gas separation applications based on hydrate technology. Gas hydrates are synthesized from gases with two types of compositions (CO2-CH4-N2). The separation products were analyzed by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the mixed-gas hydrate was determined, and the cage occupancy and hydration index were calculated based on the various vibrational modes of the molecules according to the “loose cage-tight cage” model and the Raman band area ratio combined with the van der Waals-Platteeuw model. The results show that the two mixed-gas hydrate samples both have a type I structure. Large cages of mixed-gas hydrate are mostly occupied by guest molecules, with large cage occupancies of 98.57 and 98.52%; however, small cages are not easy to occupy, with small cage occupancies of 29.93 and 33.87%. The average cage occupancies of these two hydrates are 81.41 and 82.36%, and the stability of the crystal structure of the mixed-gas hydrate in the presence of 75% CO2 is better than that of the mixed-gas hydrate in the presence of 70% CO2. The hydration indices of the two hydrate gas samples are 7.14 and 6.98, which are greater than the theoretical value of structure l.

Against the background that ecological environment quality has become a hot research topic in recent years, ecological environment quality assessment has emerged as an emerging discipline. By adopting scientific methods, it objectively and quantitatively reveals the real situation of ecological environment quality, and is committed to providing support basis for environmental protection and comprehensive prevention and control. Therefore, how to develop a reasonable eco-environmental quality assessment system has become the focus of attention. Based on this, this paper summarizes the research results in this field at home and abroad, and discusses and illustrates the main existing evaluation methods and evaluation models through horizontal and vertical analysis. The development status of ecological environment quality evaluation research field and the application characteristics of different evaluation methods are analyzed, some problems in theoretical innovation, model construction and application of conclusions are discussed, and the development trend of ecological environment quality evaluation research is proposed based on this.

With the rapid development of Internet technology and mobile terminals, users’ demand for high-speed networks is increasing. Mobile edge computing proposes a distributed caching approach to deal with the impact of massive data traffic on communication networks, in order to reduce network latency and improve user service quality. In this paper, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed to solve the task unloading problem of multi-service nodes. The simulation platform iFogSim and data set Google Cluster Trace are used to carry out experiments. The final results show that the task offloading strategy based on DDQN algorithm has a good effect on energy consumption and cost, it has verified the application prospect of deep reinforcement learning algorithm in mobile edge computing.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) interstitial lung disease (ILD) is among the leading causes of SSc-related morbidity and mortality. Tocilizumab (TCZ, anti-IL6RA) has demonstrated a reduced rate of pulmonary function decline in two phase 2/3 trials (faSScinate and focuSSced) in SSc-ILD patients. We performed transcriptome analysis of skin biopsy samples collected in the studies to decipher gene networks that were potentially associated with clinical responses to TCZ treatment. One module correlated with disease progression showed pharmacodynamic changes with TCZ treatment, and was characterized by plasma cell (PC) genes. PC signature gene expression levels were also significantly increased in both fibrotic SSc and IPF lungs compared to controls. scRNAseq analyses confirmed that PC signature genes were co-expressed in CD38 and CD138 expressing PC subsets in SSc lungs. These data provide insights into the potential role of PC in disease progression and mechanisms of action of TCZ in fibrotic interstitial lung diseases.

Altered myeloid inflammation and lymphopenia are hallmarks of severe infections. We identified the upregulated EN-RAGE gene program in airway and blood myeloid cells from patients with acute lung injury from SARS-CoV-2 or other causes across 7 cohorts. This program was associated with greater clinical severity and predicted future mechanical ventilation and death. EN-RAGEhi myeloid cells express features consistent with suppressor cell functionality, including low HLA-DR and high PD-L1. Sustained EN-RAGE program expression in airway and blood myeloid cells correlated with clinical severity and increasing expression of T cell dysfunction markers. IL-6 upregulated many EN-RAGE program genes in monocytes in vitro. IL-6 signaling blockade by tocilizumab in a placebo-controlled clinical trial led to rapid normalization of EN-RAGE and T cell gene expression. This identifies IL-6 as a key driver of myeloid dysregulation associated with worse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients and provides insights into shared pathophysiological mechanisms in non-COVID-19 ARDS.