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Background: Recommendations for adjuvant treatment for postoperative, early-stage endometrial cancer varies from observation through vaginal brachytherapy alone to pelvic radiation. While observation alone can lead to recurrence, external radiotherapy has increased morbidity. The aim of this study is to show our results with vaginal brachytherapy alone using a multichannel applicator for treatment of early-stage endometrial cancer. Materials and methods: Consecutive patients undergoing vaginal brachytherapy alone following surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer were examined. A Miami multichannel vaginal brachytherapy applicator was used to deliver HDR brachytherapy in 62 patients from May 2013 to June 2018. CT scan-based images guided planning. A dose of 5.5–6.5 Gy × 4 fractions was prescribed 5 mm from the surface of the applicator. Results: At a median follow up of 19 months (6–48 months), 93% of patients treated were alive with no recurrence. Two patients had only local recurrence, and 1 was salvaged with external radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There was only one nodal failure and 2 distant failures. There was no grade 2 or higher vaginal, gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicity. Conclusion: Vaginal brachytherapy alone using a multichannel applicator can be considered for early-stage endometrial cancers without compromising outcomes.

The treatment landscape of metastatic hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer has been changed in recent years. Availability of CDK 4/6 inhibitor and other hormone therapy has changed the treatment algorithm for these patient, we retrospectively analyzed our metastatic HR positive breast cancer patients.In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the case records of hr positive metastatic breast cancer patient treated at department of medical oncology from October 2016 to September 2018. Demographical characteristics, site of metastasis, objective response and clinical benefit response and toxicity profile were analyzed.We treated a total of 178 patients of MBC with HT at our center during the study period. One hundred fifty-two patients received HT alone (control group) and 26 patients received HT and CDK 4/6 inhibitor (study group). The median age of patients was 56 and 58 years in the control group and study group. The ORR was 41.7 versus 57.9 (95% CI [1.01-2.56]), and the CBR was 66.1% versus 78.9%; (CI [1.18-3.56]) (P0.05) of the patients in control and study groups, respectively.Among patients with HR-positive, advanced breast cancer, hormone therapy is efficacious addition of CDK 4/6 inhibitor improve the efficacy with tolerable side effects.

Purpose Surgical excision followed by postoperative radiation therapy is an accepted modality to prevent keloid recurrence. Our practice has been to use electron beam radiation postoperatively to prevent recurrence, and we share our experience with this method in this study. Methods and Materials Twenty-two patients with 40 keloids treated postoperatively with electron beam radiation at our institution from 2014 to 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Electron beam radiation was used for treatment in all cases, and radiation was initiated within 24 hours of surgery. A dose of 20 Gy in 5 fractions was delivered to the postoperative scar in 95% of the sites, and 8 Gy to 10 Gy in a single fraction was delivered to the remaining 5%. The patients were followed up, and recurrences were documented. Results At a mean follow-up of 35 months (range, 7-66 months), local control and cosmesis were achieved in 90% (36 of 40) of the treated sites with electron beam radiation therapy delivered at a dose of 20 Gy in 5 fractions. All recurrent keloids were located on the anterior chest wall over the sternum. There was no difference in outcome based on age, sex, or keloid length. Conclusions Electron beam radiation therapy is a feasible, convenient, and safe modality for postoperative treatment of keloids. It achieves excellent local control with no grade 3 or higher toxicities.

Aim: To determine whether hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin improves outcome in advanced hypopharyngeal cancers. Methodology: From 2012 to 2014, twenty three patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of hypopharynx (Stg III-7, Stg IVA-14, and Stg IVB-2) were assigned to receive total dose of 75.9 Gy in 66 fractions @ 1.15 Gy/fraction, twice daily with inter-fraction interval of 6 hours, 5 days/week, over 45 days. Spinal cord shielding was done at 50.6 Gy in 44 fractions. Concurrent chemotherapy was delivered with cisplatin 40 mg/m2 once weekly. The tumor response was assessed at 6 weeks and 3 months after the completion of treatment. Results: All the recruited 23 patients completed the planned treatment. The complete response at 6 weeks and 3 months post treatment for primary and node was observed in 16/23 and 18/23, 13/23 and 16/23patients respectively. The grade I and II toxicities encountered during the treatment were mucositis (16 patients), radiation dermatitis (20 patients), neutropenia (9 patients), and leucopenia (18 patients). Grade 3 reactions seen were mucositis (6 patients), neutropenia (3 patients), leucopenia (2 patients), skin (2 patients) and none of the patients had grade IV reactions. The nutrition was maintained with feeding nasogastric tubes and parentral infusion though out the treatment. The median follow up was 18 months with a median overall survival of 24 months and median disease free survival was 18 months without any statistical significance. Conclusion: Hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with concurrent weekly cisplatin treatment for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancers can be considered with rigorous monitoring and management of the toxicities.

Background Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease which is divided broadly into luminal, HER2 and basal type based on molecular profiling. Increased body mass index (BMI) has been associated with the risk of developing breast cancer but the association based on molecular subtype remains conflicting. Methods This was an observational study carried out over a period of 2 years. Nonmetastatic breast cancer patients were evaluated for the tumour subtype based on surrogate markers (ER, PR and HER2). The BMI of these patients was correlated with the tumour subtype and size. Results We studied 476 patients with breast cancer with the median age of 46 years (range, 25-86) and 58% were premenopausal. The mean BMI of the cohort was 24.1, which was significantly higher in postmenopausal women (24.9 versus 23.6, p < 0.05). Overall, only 10% of patients were obese. The mean BMI in the luminal, HER2 and TNBC subtypes was 24.7, 22.4 and 23.9, respectively (p < 0.01). Also, the mean tumour size in luminal, HER2 and TNBC subtype was 4.02, 3.80 and 4.27 cm, respectively (p = 0.158). Conclusion The average BMI was higher in patients with luminal subtype followed by TNBC and lowest for HER2 at the time of diagnosis. The mean tumour size was numerically higher for TNBC and lowest for HER2 subtype although the difference was not statistically significant. Larger studies may provide clarity of association between the BMI and tumour subtype.

Aim of the Study: Aim was to assess the clinical significance of the rate of tumor regression in carcinoma buccal mucosa undergoing radical radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Sixty six patients were enrolled in the study with proven buccal cancers requiring radical radiotherapy, from 1990 to 1996. Radiotherapy was delivered using a combination of external beam and brachytherapy with preloaded cesium 137 needles. The response to the radiation was assessed at the completion of external beam radiation and 6 weeks after brachytherapy. An analysis correlating various parameters influencing the long term disease free survival and overall survival was done. Results: Response assessed at the end of external beam radiation correlated strongly with the overall survival and the disease free interval (P=0.000). No other factor influenced the survival. Conclusion: The rate of the tumor regression can predict the overall outcome in patients with buccal cancers treated with radiation. Completion of the planned course of radiation in patients who do not show a substantial reduction in size by 4.5 weeks of conventional radiation does not improve the results.

Introduction Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare entity with incidence of less than 0.05% of all malignant breast neoplasms. It occurs in young females without any associated risk factors. The tumor behaves aggressively and has a poor prognosis compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. Method It was a retrospective observational study done at a tertiary cancer center from January 2012 to December 2016. The medical records of patients diagnosed with primary breast angiosarcoma were reviewed for the study. Clinicopathological profile, treatment, and the outcomes were analyzed. Results Four patients were diagnosed with primary breast angiosarcoma out of 2560 breast cancer patients seen over a period of 5 years. Two had metastatic disease at presentation. Among four patients, two underwent surgery of the primary tumor, whereas, all received chemotherapy either as adjuvant or palliative setting. One patient received adjuvant radiation therapy. Three patients received 2nd line and one received 3rd line chemotherapy on disease progression. After a median follow-up of 18 months one patient was surviving on 3rd line chemotherapy with trabectedin. Other three succumbed to disease after progression. Conclusion Due to a small number of this malignancy randomized studies are difficult to perform and optimum treatment strategy still need to be defined.