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Coating on the surface of the material create impact on their property especially emissivity is desirable property for the radiation absorbing part in solar related projects and equipments. In this experimental investigation discussed about the emissivity of the aluminium which is coated with black Nickel. This coating has the thickness of 0.2 mm on the surface. Emissivity of the coated surface obtained through traditional relation of black body and polished body surface temperatures measurements. Temperature measurements completed by the thermocouples connected through corresponding surfaces total setup placed in closed chamber for accurate outcome of experimental conditions.

A new series of octahedral Ru(III) complexes of the type [Ru (Cl)2 (DMAPIMP-X) (EPh3)2]; DMAPIMP={2-[(4-N,N’-dimethylaminophenylimino)-methyl]-4-X-phenol}; X = Cl, Br or I; E = P or As) have been prepared and characterized by spectral, magnetic and cyclic voltammetric studies. The Ru (III) complexes are low spin and paramagnetic with one unpaired electron. These complexes absorb strongly in the visible region owing to the metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition. The IR spectral data reveals that the monobasic bidentate Schiff base ligands are chelated to ruthenium through the imine nitrogen and the deprotonated phenolic oxygen. The three line e.s.r spectrum of RuIII complexes with gx ≠ gy ≠ gz indicates magnetic anisotropy and an asymmetry in the electronic environment around the Ru atom. All Ru(III) complexes display the redox couple in the range – 0.826 to – 0.971 V. Further more the DNA binding experiment of the complexes were carried out by UV–Vis absorption spectral titration and the binding constant Kb = 1.2 ± 0.3 × 104 M−1 to 4.4 ± 0.3 × 104 M−1 have been found. The hyperchromism with moderate red shift of 2–4 nm, such a small change in λmax is more in keeping with groove binding, leading to small perturbations.

Commonly Materials are designed t work with ambient conditions. Some special requirements, the materials may be designed to with the constraints of work at moisture, chemical environment, elevated temperature, high pressure without changing its natural properties of mechanical as well as physical. The material used for aesthetic decoration applications. Light weight low strength applications are very wide. This investigation focuses the natural fiber hybrid with artificial fiber based hybrid composite preparation. The banana fiber is used to prepare the composite with glass fiber. The banana fiber is here treated with specific concentration of White caustic in the distilled water. The composites synthesized with treated and untreated banana fibers. The alternate fashion of horizontal and vertical is followed for fibers’ orientation. The bio epoxy is employed as matrix material with mix of hardener. The prepared composite are characterized by water absorbability and also characterized by tensile properties, flexural properties and shock absorption capacities in wet condition.

In this experimental investigation is mainly concentrate about the augmentation of performance of heat exchanger. In lower temperature fluid medium Nano particles of naturally available Glay is mixed. There are lots of nano materials are available but novelty of this investigation is easily available natural Glay is chosen. The hot medium created artificially by the water heater with high capacity. In this investigation entry temperatures of cold and hot medium were 25OC and 180 OC respectively. Counter flow heat exchanger is used hear the two entry and two exit temperatures were measured by the thermocouples. The performance of the heat exchanger is measured by the heat transfer rate and effectiveness. These values were calculated mathematical relation between measured temperatures and specific heats and applied mass flow rates of the both mediums. Mass flow rate of the hot fluid medium is same and cold medium is different in each experiments of this investigation. Nano particles of Glay used performance values were compared with the normal cold water used heat exchanger performance results.

In this simple study on behavior of composites with augmentation of Silicon carbide (SiC) as 3% to 12% in the incremental order on Al6061 Aluminium alloy and variations of the different mechanical properties such as Tensile strength, percentage of elongation, harness strength and impact strength. The mentioned mechanical properties were measured with respect to each and every specimen by using the traditional measuring methods with high level of care and precision and the corresponding measured results were plotted for corresponding composites to identify the relation with the percentage of augmentation of SiC on the Al6061 alloy.

High cost charged for the materials which specifically designed for wet application. The pre defined properties are related to water based damages like corrosive properties, and other related chemical properties. This investigation is on wet strength of hybrid composited. The hybrid composite consists of the natural fiber (banana fiber) and artificial fiber (glass fiber). The treated banana fiber is used to prepare the composite with selective glass fiber. The banana fiber is here treated with specific concentration of Caustic soda in the distilled water. The composites synthesized with treated and untreated banana fibers. The alternate fashion of horizontal and vertical is followed for fibers’ orientation. The bio epoxy is employed as matrix material with mix of hardener. The prepared composite are characterized by water absorbability, tensile properties, flexural properties and shock absorption capacities under wet condition.

Heat exchanger is one the most essential heat transfer equipment in thermal area. On that heat transfer and effectiveness enhancement by using nano particles is recently developing method. In this study enhancement of effectiveness focused by using nano particles mixed with cold fluid used in the heat exchanger. Hot fluid is water with 200 °C flow into Counter flow heat exchanger and the cold fluid is mixed with 5% of nano particles which is combination of Aluminium oxide and Magnesium oxides with equal proportion. The inlet temperature of the cold fluid is maintained at 30 °C throughout the experiments. The temperatures of the each place need to measure are obtained by the thermocouples connected on the particular portion of the setup. There are different mass flow rate of cold fluid passed in each successive experiments for the same mass flow rate and inlet temperature of the hot fluid. The consequent exit temperatures of hot and cold fluids were measured and considered for the mathematical calculations of the outcome of the experiments.

Optical and magnetic properties of Nd-doped Co3O4 are investigated by the microwave method. Nd-doped Co3O4 for structural, morphological, and photoluminescence properties were analyzed by using UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Nd-doped Co3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were spherical in shape. The crystal/particle size of the nanoparticles is around 18–23 nm approximately. However, Nd-doped Co3O4 synthesis and the optical properties are correlated to their magnetic abilities, along with their performance when introduced to other properties from Nd (0.01, 002, and 0.03) dopants.

Hexagonal shape Nd doped Mn3O4 samples were prepared via microwave route using urea as reducing agent. Nd doped Mn3O4 magnetic, structural, optical and morphological properties of the synthesized hexagonal like particles were examined by diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL), XRD, SEM, TEM and vibrating sample measurements (VSM) studies. Morphological results showed the hexagonal shape morphology and uniform size dispersal. The crystallite size and the particle size calculated and the TEM monographs designate the correlation of the data obtained from both measurements. It could be noted that saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanence (Mr) values reduce by maximizing neodymium replacement.

Our body's major excretory waste is Urine. It causes various water borne diseases and foul odor besides urine serves as a source of electrolytes and can be profitably utilized in microbial fuel cells (MFCs)as anolyte. MFCs are the bio-electrochemical system that converts chemical energy of urine (organic matter) into electrical energy by using various catalytic actives of microorganisms. This present project publishes a novel of electronic urinal by combining a continuous flow microbial fuel cell with urinal. It will be an efficient power source for the decentralized areas and tested under laboratory controls.

In this modern era, everything needs much power for its operations, and at present, these operations are powered mostly with the use of fossil fuels. In this paper, we have presented a method to harvest eco-friendly electricity by using the piezoelectric effect. This paper proposes a greener solution for minor power demands. The piezoelectric effect is a material's ability to generate an electric charge when a mechanical stress is applied. This paper assesses the commercial viability of piezoelectric based techniques in roadways. The work involves using piezoelectric transducers that can be implanted beneath the roadbed to harvest electricity from the vibrations produced by the moving vehicles on the road and can be used for streetlight applications. The energy is produced from consumer participation, and it does not require any separate source of input energy. The piezoelectric road is an energy revolutionary concept to provide a sustainable solution to the generation of electricity. In this paper, two different sizes of piezoelectric crystal performances are compared using laboratory tests, and the results are displayed.

Nowadays there are more efforts taken to improve the techniques associated Microbial Fuel cells and to enhance their potential towards practical application. By incorporating the recent developments in biotechnology and organic chemistry, we can increase the efficiency and performance of MFCs. Due to these incorporations we can achieve low production cost, high portability and easy usage. Bio electrodes and polymeric foam substrate are used in MFCs to enhance the efficiency of MFCs to obtain more energy. The usage of Nanotechnology in the application of conducting material on the electrodes of MFCs has improved its performance. The maximum power density obtained is about 4.20W/m^2.

In this research work, for several temperature based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles had been prepared by the sol–gel approach. The physicochemical properties of these catalysts were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffused reflectance spectra, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and vibrating sample magnetometer. Fe3O4 nanoparticles, TEM images and the XRD analysis designated that the chain-like Fe3O4 has a crystal phase of cubic lattice by way for a mean measurement of around 25 nm. The effect of catalyst and solvent on the catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol using the Fe3O4 catalyst prepared by sol–gel method was also investigated.

At ambient temperature, nickel oxide (undoped), as well as a variety of Nd-doped NiO, NdxNi1−xO (x = 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03) hexagonal-like particles, have been synthesized by employing a microwave synthesis approach. The synthesized samples properties were known by various instrumental techniques, for instance, XRD (X-ray diffraction), TEM and SEM (transmission and scanning electron microscopy), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) methods. Nd doping increases the crystallite size. X-ray diffraction information of NiO indicates that substitution of Nd increases the lattice parameter and crystallite size. The surface morphology results showed that the distribution of homogeneous particles alongside aggregation that is caused by interactions of dipole-dipole. The as-synthesized samples' soft magnetic characters were examined.

The reaction of the chelating Schiff base ligands 2-[(4-N,N′-dimethylaminophenylimino)-methyl]-4-X-phenol with [Ru(Cl)3(EPh3)3]; (E = P or As); (X = Cl, Br or I) in the benzene afforded new stable ruthenium complexes of the general formula [Ru(Cl)2(EPh3)2(L)] (L = anion of bidentate Schiff bases). The newly synthesized complexes were characterized using molar conductivity, spectral (UV–vis, FT-IR and EPR) and electrochemical studies. The molar conductance measurements proved that all these complexes are non-electrolytes. All complexes show strong d–d transition in the visible region. The coordination of imine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen of ligands to ruthenium metal was confirmed with the change in the IR stretching frequency values. The EPR spectral data showed that the complexes are paramagnetic with one unpaired electrons. The redox behaviour of the complexes have been investigated by the cyclic voltammetric technique. All the complexes display an irreversible reduction (RuIII/RuII) in the range of −0.826 to −0.971 V. In view of the biological activity, the ligands and the complexes were observed that all the complexes showed moderate activity. Also the antibacterial activity of the ligand increased on chelation with metal ion.

In the title compound, C19H14OS, the naphthothiophene moiety is almost planar except for the S atom of the five-membered ring, which is situated 0.047 (6) Å out of the C4 plane (with an r.m.s. deviation of fitted atoms = 0.0009 Å). The dihedral angle between the naphthothiophene plane and the attached methoxyphenyl ring is 67.6 (2)°. In the crystal, a C—H...π interaction is observed between a methoxyphenyl C—H group and the outer benzene ring of the naphthothiophene moiety. The five-membered ring of the naphthothiophene moiety is disordered, with the S and opposite non-fused C atom approximately exchanging positions, with a site-occupancy factors of 0.808 (3) and 0.187 (3).

The two molecules of the title compound, C13H8BrClFNO, in the asymmetric unit are interconnected by π–π interactions between the salicylaldehyde and aniline units, the shortest interplanar distance being 3.317 (3) Å. These pairs and their translation equivalents are further linked by C—H...F hydrogen bonds, forming a one-dimensional infinite chain. In addition, there is an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond connecting the OH group and the imine N atom.