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Titanium alloys have huge applications in the field of aerospace. However, finding the best combination of machining parameters is still a challenge for many researchers. The present work investigates the influence of cutting parameters on surface roughness and material removal rate while turning Ti–6Al–4 V using TiCN coated carbide tool. The effect of input parameters on the output responses is studied using response surface methodology (RSM) and machine learning techniques. The Box Behnken method (L15 array) is selected to design the set of experiments. In this investigation, three different levels of speed, feed, and depth of cut are considered as input parameters. The surface roughness and material removal rate are measured for each experiment, and the output factors are optimized using response surface methodology. The cutting parameters are optimized to obtain the least surface roughness and the highest material removal rate. The ANOVA analysis confirms that speed with 44.62% has the highest contribution for surface roughness and depth of cut with 64.43% has the highest contribution for material removal rate. The Root means square errors (RMSEs) obtained for MRR and surface roughness using an artificial neural network are 0.397 and 0.291, respectively, which shows significantly less error. The lower the RMSE value, the better is the model prediction. The machine learning technique (artificial neural network) exhibited 5.04% and 10.66% errors for surface roughness and MRR, respectively. The percentage error values resulting from the machine learning technique are less when compared to RSM.

Binary and ternary blends of poly lactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and tapioca cassava starch (TCS) were prepared by the help of melt blend method. Rheological and mechanical properties of the prepared blends were studied. Rheological properties were studied using capillary Rheometer, shear rate, shear stress, the non-Newtonian index, were determined .Mechanical properties were studied in terms of tensile properties, stress at break, strain at break and Young's modulus have been determined by help of Universal Test Machine (UTM-3969).The results shows the ternary blends reveals shear-thinning behavior, over the range of the studied shear rates where the true shear rate of the blend decreases while increasing the shear rate. It also found that the true viscosity of the blend decreases with increased ABS content.

Insect pests and diseases are the major biotic constraints in rice production. According to the ecosystem, the incidence of insect pests and diseases vary. The degree of loss due to different biotic stresses differ widely depending upon the predominant factors of abundance of these pests in a particular year, season or locality. Though around 800 insect species damaging rice in one way or another, the majority of them do very little damage. In India, about a dozen of insect species are of major pest status. Farmers bear an estimated average of 37% losses in rice crop due to insect pests and diseases every year. This review focuses on status of insect pests and diseases, extent of losses, different tools used in pest monitoring and management in rice. Among the important pest management tools used in rice pest and diseases management are forecasting model for real-time pest-advisory services, light trap, hyper-spectral remote sensing, computer-based decision support system, disruptive technologies (mobile apps).

In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) are, respectively, blended in 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70 ratios to form polymer blends, and tapioca cassava starch (TCS) is added at concentrations of 10, 15 and 20% to form PLA/ABS/TCS blend combinations, respectively. Thermal (DSC and TGA), morphological and tensile properties of these composite were investigated. PLA/ABS and PLA/ABS/TCS blends are miscible as indicated by single melting peaks in the DSC. The DSC results reveal that the TCS is primarily concentrated in the PLA phase of the PLA/ABS blends. TGA results show that the PLA/ABS blends are more thermal stable than the pure PLA polymer. The PLA/ABS/TCS blends also show same thermally stability like as PLA/ABS blends. Tensile results show that the PLA/ABS/TCS blends have superior mechanical properties, probably because of the more even distribution of ABS amongst PLA and TCS.

In aerospace and automobile industries, because of high strength and excellent anti-wear properties, aluminium silicon carbide composites are widely used. Hence, the current work investigates the tribological characteristics of powder metallurgy processed Al7075-x wt.% SiC (x = 10,15 and 20) composites using pin-on-disc equipment. Taguchi’s orthogonal array and analysis of variance are employed to study the effects of input parameters and their levels on output responses. The current study reveals that the wear loss decreases and increases when the reinforcement Wt.% changes from 10 to 20. It is also observed that the wear loss increases with an increase in load. The coefficient of friction increases with an increase in wt.% of reinforcement and sliding distance. The composite with 15 Wt.% SiC exhibits less coefficient of friction and wear loss. The wear effect was determined through morphological studies of worn out surface and worn out debris. The major influencing factors that control wear loss are sliding distance and load. The major influencing factors for coefficient of friction are % reinforcement and sliding distance. SEM analysis revealed that delamination and abrasion are the two-prominent wear mechanisms observed on worn-out surfaces of the specimens.

This work studies the effect of reinforcement weight percentage (Wt.%SiC) on wear and mechanical behaviour of the aluminium 7075 composites produced by the powder metallurgy technique. The three different reinforcements weight percentage used in this study are to 5,10 and 15. The hardness and toughness values reveals that with an increment in weight percentage of reinforcement, the mechanical properties decreases because of the development of large and more number of pores and agglomerations. The composites wear behaviour is examined by the wear testing equipment. The selected tribological parameters for the study are reinforcement weight percentage, applied load and sliding distance at three levels. The Design of Experiments, Box-Behnken method is used to design the number of experiments. ANOVA is used to find the effect of input parameters on output responses. The response surface methodology confirms that sliding distance and reinforcement weight percentage are two parameters which mostly affects wear loss.

Several industrial applications demand the dissimilar metal joints of aluminium and copper, and dissimilar metal welding has been always a challenge. An attempt has been made in the present work in joining pure aluminium and pure copper by continuous drive friction welding. The selected process parameters namely Spindle Speed, Friction Force, Upset Force and Burn-Off are optimized after carrying out the welds by using Taguchi L9 array, followed by ANOVA analysis. As the tensile strength of the joints obtained with optimized parameters is less compared to that of the parent materials, an attempt is made to carry out the dissimilar metal welding by changing the end profile of copper and also by using interlayers. No improvement of tensile strength was observed in welds with different end profiles of copper but there is an improvement in the tensile strength in welds with interlayers.

Al7075-SiC matrix is considered in the present study since it got potential applications in the field of aircraft and space industries because of its greater strength to weight ratio. This research describes the microstructure, and mechanical characteristics of SiCp reinforced Al7075 metal matrix composite (MMC). Particle reinforced aluminium composites are preferable because of its decreased cost, uniform properties and various fabrication techniques. Through Mixing, compacting, and sintering processes, Al/SiC composites are produced with varying SiC content (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 wt%). The Scanning Electron Microscope images revealed a uniform dispersion of SiC particles with fewer pores. The composite with 15 wt% SiC has recorded higher mechanical properties, hardness, toughness and flexural strength compared to other specimens because of uniformity in distribution of reinforcement particles in matrix materials without pores.

In the present research, a stepwise Al7075/SiC functionally graded materials (FGMs) are produced successfully through the powder metallurgy route with various graded layers and different weight per...

Melt mixing methods have been used to prepare binary and ternary combinations of poly lactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) and tapioca cassava starch (TCS). The impact on the me...

This paper investigates the mechanical and tribological characteristics of aluminum alloy 7075 (AA7075) composites reinforced with (2, 4 & 6) wt% of silicon carbide fabricated using powder metallurgy technique. The microstructural examination confirms the even distribution of SiC particles in the AA7075 matrix. An increase in hardness and density is observed with an increase in reinforcement Wt%. This is mainly due to the formation of interfacial bonds. Tribological examinations are carried on pin-on-disk equipment under dry conditions at three different loads (10, 20, and 30 N), three sliding distances (500, 1000, and 1500 m) at a constant sliding speed of 1 m/s. Volume loss is considered as output response in this research. Experiments have been conducted using L27 complete factorial design. The effect of sliding factors on volume loss is studied using analysis of variance and artificial neural networks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) identifies load as a primary contributing parameter for volume loss followed by sliding distance and wt% of SiC. Load at level-1(10 N), the sliding distance at level-1(500 m), and wt% of SiC at level-3(6wt%) are identified as optimal sliding parameters for minimum volume loss. The application of artificial neural networks resulted in MSE, RMSE, and MAE values of 0.11380, 0.3373, and 0.1768, respectively are extremely low, which implies that the predicted results from the model are in good agreement.

In this research paper explores about biodegradable polymers such as Poly lactic acid (PLA), Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Tapioca cassava starch powder (TCSP) and their blends prepared using conventional method. The prepared bio degradable polymer blends are analyzed with the help of Universal testing machine (UTM-3969), scanning electron microscopy (SEM).On the weight basis PLA, ABS, and TCSP are transferred into binary and ternary blends such as PLA, ABS, PLA/ABS, PLA/ABS/TCSP (wt.%) etc. are compared with various mechanical properties such as tensile stress v/s tensile strain, tensile strength v/s tensile module and compressive. The scanning electron microscopy images for tensile fractured samples showed smooth homogeneous finish and good partial distribution.

Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMCs) are known as lightweight and high-strength materials with potential applications in areas such as aerospace, automobile, defence, engineering, and other industries. AMCs have the advantage of significantly reduce the overall weight of the vehicles and aircraft while maintaining their structural strength. The scope of this work is to fabricate Silicon Carbide (SiC) particle Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) by stir casting combined with mechanical stirring and to investigate the effect of SiC particles on the hardness, tensile and impact the behaviour of SiC particle reinforced 7075 aluminium alloy composites. The reinforcement of micron-sized range particles with an aluminium matrix is expected to improve the mechanical properties in composite materials. Different weight % of SiC particles are used (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt. %) for the synthesis of composites. The manufactured composites were tested to determine their mechanical properties and the results prove that the sample with 10 percentage of silicon carbide has better mechanical properties, comparably.

A mild and metal-free one-pot synthetic strategy has been developed for the construction of substituted pyrroles by employing aza-Wittig reaction from a unique and unexplored combination of chromones and phenacyl azides. This method does not compromise the diverse substitutions on both the phenacyl azides and chromones. The merits of this method are wide substrate scope, easy functionalization, short reaction time, operationally simple, and higher yields. Moreover, this method is amenable for the generation of a library of key pyrrole building blocks.

Drug utilization reviews DUR also referred to be as drug utilization evaluation DUE . It is defined as authorized, structured. Ongoing review of healthcare provider prescribing pharmacist dispensing and patient use of medication. Drug utilization reviews involve a detailed review of patient’s prescription and medication data before, during dispensing and after dispensing to ensure appropriate medication decisions making and positive patient outcomes. World health organization (WHO) defines drug utilization review as authorized research as the marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drug in a society, with a special emphasis on the resulting medical, social, and economic sequences. Inherent in the definition, such studies provide logical background for determining the rationality of drug use as well as providing the evidence based guidance for making the policies and making decisions at various levels of health care. This review studies are Aimed to discuss in detail on drug utilization pattern in out patient general department.

Herein, we report Fe(III)(TPP)Cl as an effective catalyst for promoting arene C–H amidation through intramolecular cyclization of N-tosyloxyarylcarbamate substrates. The reaction proceeds via nitrene (outer sphere pathway) C(sp2)–H insertion to yield benzoxazolones under external-oxidant-free conditions at ambient temperature. The method is operationally simple and scalable with high-functional-group tolerance. Preliminary experimental and computational data indicates involvement of electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism for this aryl C–H amidation transformation, distinct from operating mechanism reported previously in aryl C–H amination using azide-based substrates.

An unprecedented metal- and oxidant-free (intermolecular) approach to access N-alkoxy oxindoles via [3 + 2] cycloadition of in situ generated electrophilic species viz. aryne and (putative) aza-oxyallyl cation is reported. This approach is amenable to both C3-unsubstituted as well as C3-substituted oxindoles. A one-pot manipulation further makes this reaction highly practical. The versatility of this approach was demonstrated through valuable synthetic transformations.

In order to improve its transesterification process, performance and emission parameters, nanoparticles are mixed to neat biodiesel. This work aims to investigate the cause of alumina nanoparticles...

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the tissue dissolution efficacy of Azadirachta indica (A. indica) irrigant and sodium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods: 40 bovine muscle tissue specimens of equal dimensions were used in the experiment. Based on tissue specimen treatment, they were divided into four test groups - 3%NaOCl (Group I), 7.5% A. indica irrigant (Group II), alternative use of 3%NaOCl and 7.5% A. indica irrigant (Group III) and control group as distilled water (Group IV). Tissue specimens were weighed before and after placing in test solutions at 2 different time intervals (30,60 minutes). Results: The results revealed that 3%NaOCl showed highest tissue dissolution followed by alternative use of 3%NaOCl. and A. indica irrigant, A. indica alone and distilled water (Group I >III>II>IV). The larger the duration of contact with irrigant better is the tissue dissolution. Conclusion: 7.5% A. indica irrigant alone does not have any tissue dissolving property but in combination it acts as a neutral solution neither increasing nor decreasing the capability of 3%NaOCl.

Oral health disorders are major public health problems globally. There is a vast disparity in access to oral health care between developed and developing world as evident in reports of World Health Organisation (WHO) and Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI). The oral health goals of WHO, FDI and International Association of Dental Research (IADR) for the year 2020 have brought forth the critical issues prevalent worldwide. India with huge population of 1.21 billion (2011 census) is faced with certain unique issues due to low level of awareness, varied terrain, strained infrastructure, limited access to oral health care and indigenous cultural practices. Research institutes and centrally funded agencies have been working at par with world standards, however, the oral health research has been lacking in terms of quality and addressing of community issues. It was deeply felt that this area requires appropriate summarization and future directions. This has been done in three parts with present paper attempting to address global vision, research orientations and specific burden, past research and future directions related to dental caries in India.

One of the widespread problems facing by the world is unavailability of pure water. Water is a requisite resource, and its supply need to be guaranteed with an inexhaustible power source such as renewable energy. Almost 1.6 billion people have no access to potable water in the world. This paper focused on providing potable water by using solar panels (PV modules). A suitable charge controller of desired voltage (24v here) is used to regulate the voltage coming from panels. Since the solar power is intermittent, a charge controller is needed for continuous supply of desired voltage to run the motor. A DC motor is used to run the RO system without the use of inverter. Later the pure water is circulated through heat sinks at which a heat flux is generated by using a peltier to get hot and cold water simultaneously.

In today’s world, to meet the requirements of the extreme applications, the need for precisely manufactured components becomes necessary. The new materials developed for the extreme applications are difficult to machine by conventional machining processes due to their high hardness. Most of the materials irrespective of their hardness can be easily machined by EDM. In this present work, a prediction model for MRR in machining of Hastelloy C276 on EDM using Buckingham Pi theorem is developed to study the influence of process parameters. Further, the linear programming using MS-solver was applied to perform the optimization and the sensitivity analysis for the model developed. The theoretical and experimental results are compared and found that the predicted model results are satisfactory.

The centrifugal die casting process was observed at VACPL, at Vijayawada in India. In the present observation, for the production of cylinder liners, resin sand was used at the front door of the centrifugal die casting machine, and also, resin sand was dressed at the inner surface of the die. However, no resin sand is used at the back door, which results in the direct melt to metal contact at the back door and which increases the hardness of the casting excess than required, due to rapid cooling rate between the casting and die back door zone. Due to this hot spot, defects appear on the back door, and it decreases life of the back door and increases the scrap rate. The chilling length is removed by the parting operation, which increases the cost of production. In this research work, to eliminate that hot spot defect, the die back door was design and fabricated to introduce resin sand, and also, the temperature distributions of the die back doors were simulated by using ANSYS 18 software. Both old and new rear-end casting samples can be examined using the FE-SEM and EDX technique for microanalysis. Result in, no direct metal to metal contact, increasing the life of back door and the hardness of the cylinder casting is limited to as per requirement, parting operation and hot spot defects are eliminated. Instead of parting operation, facing operation is adopted. The time required for facing operation is 1/6th of the parting operation.

India is the upcoming industrial revolution, wherein its economy and its fuel consumption have been rising drastically over the past two decades. Petroleum resources are depreciating rapidly in the world biofuels and its blends are the alternative sources for stabilizing demand and supply. Biofuels are eco-friendly and substitute for conventional fuels. When compared to fossil fuels except for nitrogen oxide (NOx) remains emission particles are reduced. For effective reducing, NOx, an Exhaust Gas Recirculation system (EGR) is used as exuberance for a diesel engine. The present investigation carried on Coconut oil blend (CBD20) and Cottonseed oil blend (COBD20) biofuels was prepared by the transesterification process with Al2O3 as catalyst on a diesel engine with different EGR percentage ratios (10, 15, and 20%). In this analysis emission, performance parameters and exhaust gas temperature are measured and compared with two biofuels. In this study compared with neat diesel, EGR shows a better improvement on NOx level and performance levels are greasy.

Hierarchical layered composites are novel materials whose properties change gradually concerning their dimensions. These are light in weight and better in performance when compared to traditional composites. These have vast applications in the field of automobile and aerospace industries. In this research, to study the effect of silicon carbide particle size (37 and 60 µm) on physical and mechanical properties, two hierarchical composites with four and five layers were prepared through powder metallurgy. The microstructural characteristics of hierarchical layered composites are examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM); Rockwell and Charpy impact tests measure its mechanical properties hardness and toughness. Due to the presence of high silicon carbide content, the five-layered specimens exhibited better mechanical properties compared to four-layered specimens. The hierarchical composites' physical and mechanical properties are greatly influenced by silicon carbide’s weight percentage and size.

Integrated Business resource planning (IBRP) system consists of different sets of software that are used to integrate the business functions in a company or organization. Given that these solutions provide an integrated solution to the needs of an organization, these systems are in high demand by all organizations. The full potential of these systems can only be realized only if they are successfully implemented. However, the implementation process is costly and time consuming, and thus requires careful planning and organization. If successfully implemented, IBRP systems provide many benefits to those organizations that adopt them. On the other hand, if the implementation process is not successful, the venture can prove costly. By examining the existing literature on this topic, this paper focuses on how IBRP systems can be successfully implemented in organization and the critical success factors. The information provided in this paper may be used to guide organizations in the implementation of business management systems. Business management systems (IBRP) are theoretically based on industry best practices, and their makers intend that organizations deploy them as is, IBRP vendors do offer customers configuration options that let organizations incorporate their own business rules, but gaps in features often remain even after configuration is complete. IBRP customers have several options to reconcile feature gaps, each with their own pros/cons. Technical solutions include rewriting part of the delivered software, writing a homegrown module to work within the IBRP system, or interfacing to an external system.

Wire electrical discharge machining process is an electro thermal modern machining process, is mainly used to cut complicate profiles of dies and mould of engineering materials. In the modern machine tool industry machining time is very important. The machining time is mainly depends upon the gap current. So that optimum conditions are very much required to cut the components in optimum time. The present research work mainly shows the optimization of process parameters of WEDM by Taguchi Design. ANOVA is used to study the effect of process parameters on machining process. The machining parameters investigated are pulse on time(ON) , pulse off time (OFF), Peak current (IP), Spark gap set Voltage(SV), Wire tension (WT) and Water pressure (WP). An L27 orthogonal array has been used to plan and conduct the series of experiments and raw data and S/N ratio are employed to analyze the influence of these parameters on gap current. The main intention is to find out the crucial factors and combination of factors influencing the machining process to achieve the best gap current. In this study MINITAB is used to find out the effect of each parameter on response characteristic and to predict the optimum setting of control parameters. In this study Powder metallurgical cold worked tool Steel is used for the experimental work and ELECTRONICA ULTIMA 1F.

Improper tyre pressure is a safety issue that is usually not taken seriously. In addition to causing accidents, under-inflated tyres can cause a reduction in mileage, tyre life, and performance. Over-inflated tyres also have a negative impact on the safety of the vehicle. In this paper, we are presenting the idea of using a Tyre Pressure Monitoring System in combination with an Android phone. Notifications and indications in the form of color changes are implemented to communicate proper warnings about under or over inflation of the tyres via Serial Port Bluetooth Profile (SPP).

Now a day facing many problems related to repairing, inspection and maintenance of interior pipelines. To avoid this risk and reduce the time of inspection, repairing, maintenance of interior pipes. One of the most important requirements in repairing and maintaining of pipelines is the ability to monitor and evaluate the pipes interior. This work deals with the modelling, simulation and prototyping of an apparatus to piping systems for inspection, cleaning and examination of the interior piping systems. The mechanism involves a central rod upon which a translational element is fitted which in turn is connected to three frames of links, joints and wheels. DC motors are attached to the wheels to achieve the drive required. The mechanism allows for small accommodation in pipe diameters. An electronic and controlling circuit consisting of relay switches is used to control the entire circuit of DC motors, camera and translational element. The camera is mounted on the top of the assembly of robot. The robot may allow for detection of cracks, buckle, corrosions, fitting and many others., {"references":["A A Hashem, M Eng - eng.cu.edu.eg; Oil and gas pipeline design, maintenance and repair, Cairo University, Department of Mining, Petroleum and Metallurgical Engineering, Egypt","Horodinca M, Dorftei I, Mignon E and Preumont A (2002), \"A Simple Architecture for in Pipe Inspection Robots\", in Proc. Int. Colloq. Mobile, Autonomous Systems,pp. 61-64","Mhramatsu M, Namiki N, Koyama U and Suga Y (2000), \"Autonomous Mobile Robot In Pipe for Piping Operations\", in Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intelligent Robots, Systems, Vol. 3","Atul Gargade, Dhanraj Tambuskar and Gajanan Thokal, Modeling and Analysis of Pipe Inspection Robot, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2013, pp 120-126","Kosuke Nagaya, Tomohiko Yoshino, Makoto Katayama, Iwanori Murakami, and Yoshinori Ando, Wireless Piping Inspection Vehicle using Magnetic Adsorption Force, IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, VOL. 17, NO. 3, JUNE 2012, pp 474-479","O. Tatar, D. Mandru, and I. Ardelean, \"Development of mobile mini-robots for in pipe inspection tasks,\" ISSN 1392-120, Mechanik, Nr.6 (68) pp. 60-64, 2007","Hun-ok Lim and Taku Ohki, \"Development of Pipe Inspection Robot\", ICROS-SICE International Joint Conference 2009"]}

The aim of this paper is to deal with a simulation study on effect of part launching, part sequencing at central buffer and tool selection rules on a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) involving tool movement along with part movement policy. A typical FMS is selected for a study of discrete event simulation model. Simulation experiments are conducted on various combinations of decision rules and it is found to be good in evaluated performance measures.

A facile method for the synthesis of a variety of β-carbolines and their natural products such as norharmane (2a), harmane (2b), eudistomins I, N, T, and U (6, 7, 9 and 10, respectively) has been successfully developed via a decorboxylative aromatization tool by employing N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) as a mild and efficient reagent. Gratifyingly, this reagent system proceeds in a one-pot manner and converted all the tetrahydro-β-carboline acids into their corresponding decorboxylative aromatic products with good to excellent yields. Additionally, this system works well in the case of tetrahydro-β-carboline esters to produce their aromatic partners in high yields.

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process used for welding similar and dissimilar materials. The process is widely used because it does not have common problems such as solidification and liquefaction cracking associated with the fusion welding techniques. The objective of the present research is to find the best combination of friction stir welding process parameters to join aluminium 5052 and 6061 alloy materials. The combination of process parameters is helpful to improve ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, percentage of elongation and hardness of welded joint. To achieve the research objective taguchi based grey analysis was used. The optimum process parameters were found be at rotational speed is 1400 rpm, transverse speed of 100 mm/min and axial force is at 11 KN.

Modern manufacturers, seeking to remain competitive in the market, rely on their Manufacturing engineers and production personnel to quickly and effectively set up manufacturing processes for new products. This paper presents the multi response optimization of turning parameters for Turning on AISI 4340 Alloy Steel. Experiments are designed and conducted based on Taguchi’s L27 Orthogonal array design. This paper discusses an investigation into the use of Taguchi parameter Design and Regression analysis to predict and optimize the Surface Roughness, Metal Removal Rate and Power Consumption in turning operations using CVD Cutting Tool. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is employed to analyze the influence of Process Parameters during Turning. This paper also remarks the advantages of multi-objective optimization approach over the single-objective one. The useful results have been obtained by this research for other similar type of studies and can be helpful for further research works on the Tool life and Vibration of tools etc.

The synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new N-diethylmalonyl derivatives of nifedipine and other isosteric analogues (7a–7n) were described. Anticonvulsant screening was performed by subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizures tests. Majority of the compounds were effective in scPTZ and MES screens. Compound 7k showed good activity displaying maximum protection, which may be due to the presence of styryl moiety at position 4 of 1,4-dihydropyridine nucleus and the methyl groups of diester functionality. Compounds 7a–7d, 7g, 7i and 7k obeyed the Lipinski's “rule of five” and have drug-likeness. Based on computational prediction of molecular and pharmacokinetic properties, it was found that the compounds have good oral absorption.

This paper introduced on advancing the wire electrical discharge machine (WEDM) process parameters for the normal surface roughness (Ra) acquired in machining of VANADIS 4e (Powder metallurgical cold worked Tool steel). The Machining analyses were performed at WEDM machine utilizing 0.25 mm wire as electrode material on p/m cold worked tool steel. Taguchi L 27 orthogonal array (OA) was utilized to outline of trial. Ideal methodology parameters were resolved utilizing the signal- to- noice (S/N) proportion which was computed for R a as per “the- smaller- the-better” approach. The methodology parameters of WEDM procedure were pulse on time (ON), pulse off time (OFF), servo voltage (SV), peak current (IP), wire tension (WT) and water pressure (WP). The impacts of the methodology parameters on surface roughness were assessed by the examination of change (ANOVA). The most essential associations, that impact surface roughness of machined surfaces, are between the pulse on time (ON) and pulse on time(ON), pulse off time(OFF) and Peak current(IP), and between pulse on time(on) and Peak current(IP). The ideal estimation of surface roughness is anticipated at the ideal levels of noteworthy as Pulse on time (A1), pulse off time (B3), peak current (C3) and spark gap set voltage (D1) and wire tension (E3).

The tube hydro forming process (THF) is an unconven tional metal forming process, where in tube is defo rmed internally and thus it is forced to expand and conform to the shape of the su rrounding die. The performance of this process depe nds on various parameters like internal pressure, axial loading etc. For FEA simulation, it requires proper combination of mater ial selection, part design and boundary conditions. The estimated process paramete rs are optimized using FEA simulations. In this work, free bulge shaped tube die was modele d by using Auto CAD. Subsequently, the processes we re simulated using DEFORM-3D and it has been verified with experimenta l work under proper boundary and loading condition. Process parameters study also been conducted. It has been found that tprocess parameters, developed branch hand the wall thickness distribution along different planes are in good coi ncidence with experimental results.

This project consists of how the proposed centraliz ed air conditioning and mechanical ventilation syst em is designed and its criterion for a new building in Hyderabad. It consists of sev en floors and two basements having an area of 39000 sft per floor. The two basement (lower and upper) and major part of ground floor shall be meant for offices with a total area of 273000sft. The main objective is to create a thermally control led environment within the space of a building enve lope such as office space, BMS room, society room, entrance lobby etc. and buildin g mechanical ventilation namely basement ventilatio n, staircase pressurisation, lift well pressurisation, toilet exhaust etc. Design and planning of the above system shall meet the requir ed below customer objectives, like econoical in cost,energy efficient,simple and flexible with respect to operation and maintenance. The tentative air conditioning load for the system shall be 800TR apprix. Air cooled screw chillers wi th secondary variable pumping system are proposed to make the system energy effic ient. The proposed air conditioning plant shall be located on the sw side on the building terrace.

Background/Objectives: The intention of this simulation study is to inspect the effect of multi-level scheduling rules on the four different performance measures of proposed FMS (flexible manufacturing system). Methods/Statistical Analysis: Input data has been collected from the real existing system and proposed FMS simulation model has been developed using JAVA programming. Findings: The flow of parts through the system has been managed with multi-level scheduling rules related to launching of parts in to a system. The proposed simulation model has been modeled for the existing system and a common optimum part selection rule for the performance parameters such as MFT(mean flow time), make span, mean machine utilization, and mean Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) utilization has been developed. Application/Improvements: Case study has been conducted on the existing system and the proposed simulation model has been created. The shortest processing time rule was found to be optimum upon comparing other two scheduling rules when output performance measures considered. The proposed simulation model aids in better scheduling of automobile and electronics applications.

Energy is a major input for overall socio-economic development of any society. Hydel energy is the fastest growing renewable energy. From Decades man has been trying to convert Hydel power to mechanical &, more recently, electric power. Hydel technology has improved significantly over the past two decades, and Hydel energy has become increasingly competitive with other power generation options. A zero head water turbine can be used as a Hydro-Electricity device referring to generate the electrical power through by the use of the gravitational force of falling water. It works on natural flow of water to generate a specific power output. The power is however limited by flow of water which is sufficient to keep generate a suitable number of revolutions per minutes for the blades. When waterfalls with certain velocity on the vanes of the zero head blade set which drives the dc geared motor to rotate in either clockwise or anticlockwise direction. It works on the principle of converting kinetic energy of hydel blade set to mechanical energy. It is proposed to design and manufacture a micro zero head turbine prototype. This can produce sufficient power to light couple of bulbs & energy will save 50 to 60 wattage. The application for power generated by this method can be used frequently in all hilly areas and heavy rain fall areas. &nbsp

In recent years, an increasing concern of environmental issues of emissions, in particular global warming and the limitations of energy resources has resulted in extensive research into novel technologies of generating electrical power. Thermoelectric power generators have emerged as a promising alternative green technology due to their distinct advantages. Their typical efficiencies are around 5-8%. Older Seebeck-based devices used bimetallic junctions and were bulky while more recent devices use semiconductor p-n junctions made from bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), lead telluride (PbTe), calcium manganese oxide, or combinations thereof, depending on temperature. These are solid state devices and unlike dynamos have no moving parts, with the occasional exception of a fan or pump. In this paper the recent patents of solar thermo-electric power generation with their important and relevant applications to solar energy as a backup protection &storage of power will be reviewed and discussed. It is proposed to develop thermo electric power generator which use solar energy as a alternative green source to develop power. &nbsp

A facile method for the synthesis of a variety of β-carbolines and their natural products such as norharmane (2a), harmane (2b), eudistomins I, N, T, and U (6, 7, 9 and 10, respectively) has been successfully developed via a decorboxylative aromatization tool by employing N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) as a mild and efficient reagent. Gratifyingly, this reagent system proceeds in a one-pot manner and converted all the tetrahydro-β-carboline acids into their corresponding decorboxylative aromatic products with good to excellent yields. Additionally, this system works well in the case of tetrahydro-β-carboline esters to produce their aromatic partners in high yields.