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1. Efficiency and controllability of stochastic boolean function generation by a random network of non-linear nanoparticle junctions

Author

G. Martini, E. Tentori, M. Mirigliano, D. E. Galli, P. Milani, and F. Mambretti

Subjects
receptron, stochastic resistor network, unconventional computing, boolean functions, nanostructured films, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Amid efforts to address energy consumption in modern computing systems, one promising approach takes advantage of random networks of non-linear nanoscale junctions formed by nanoparticles as substrates for neuromorphic computing. These networks exhibit emergent complexity and collective behaviors akin to biological neural networks, characterized by self-organization, redundancy, and non-linearity. Based on this foundation, a generalization of n-inputs devices has been proposed, where the associated weights depend on all the input values. This model, called receptron, has demonstrated its capability to generate Boolean functions as output, representing a significant breakthrough in unconventional computing methods. In this work, we characterize and present two actual implementations of this paradigm. One approach leverages the nanoscale properties of cluster-assembled Au films, while the other utilizes the recently introduced Stochastic Resistor Network (SRN) model. We first provide a concise overview of the electrical properties of these systems, emphasizing the insights gained from the SRN regarding the physical processes within real nanostructured gold films at a coarse-grained scale. Furthermore, we present evidence indicating the minimum complexity level required by the SRN model to achieve a stochastic dynamics adequate to effectively model a novel component for logic systems. To support our argument that these systems are preferable to conventional random search algorithms, we discuss quantitative criteria based on Information-theoretic tools. This suggests a practical means to steer the stochastic dynamics of the system in a controlled way, thus focusing its random exploration where it is most useful.

Published
2024
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2. Connective tissue nevus misdiagnosed as juvenile localized scleroderma

Author

F. Tirelli, C. Giraudo, M. Soliani, F. Calabrese, G. Martini, P. Gisondi, A. Meneghel, and Francesco Zulian

Subjects
Scleroderma, Juvenile scleroderma, Morphea, Connective tissue nevus, Hamartoma, Pediatric dermatology, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background Connective tissue nevi (CTN) are congenital hamartomas caused by excessive proliferation of dermis components. In children, CTN can mimic juvenile localized scleroderma (JLS), an immune mediated skin disorder that requires aggressive immunosuppression. Objectives: Aim of our study was to describe a series of pediatric patients with CTN misdiagnosed as JLS and the discerning characteristics between the two conditions. Methods Retrospective analysis of children referred to our Center during the last two decades for JLS who received a final diagnosis of CTN. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological and instrumental data (MRI and thermography) were collected and compared with those with JLS. Results Seventeen patients with mean age at onset 4.6 years entered the study. All came to our Center with a certain diagnosis of JLS (n = 15) or suspected JLS (n = 2). The indurated skin lesions were flat and resembled either circumscribed morphea or pansclerotic morphea. In 14 patients (82.4%) they were mainly localized at the lower limbs and in three (17.6%) at the upper limbs. No patient had laboratory inflammatory changes or positive autoantibodies. Skin biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of CTN: non-familial collagenoma in eleven (64.7%), mixed CTN in four (23.5%) and familial CTN in two (11.8%). Mean age at final diagnosis was 9.5 years, with a mean diagnostic delay of 4.8 years (range 1–15 years). Sixteen patients underwent musculoskeletal MRI that was normal in all except two who showed muscle perifascial enhancement. Thermography was normal in all patients. At our first evaluation, eleven patients (64.7%) were on systemic treatment (methotrexate 11, corticosteroids 7, biologics 2), three (17.6%) on topical corticosteroids and three untreated. Conclusions CTN can be misdiagnosed as JLS and therefore aggressively treated with prolonged and inappropriate immunosuppression. The absence of inflammatory appearance of the skin lesions, normal instrumental and laboratory findings and the accurate evaluation of skin biopsy are crucial to address the right diagnosis.

Published
2023
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3. ItaLynch: an ongoing Italian study to evaluate the feasibility of mainstreaming the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome in colorectal cancer patients

Author

A. Puccini, F. Grillo, M. Fassan, S. Lonardi, M. Genuardi, R. Cannizzaro, G.M. Cavestro, F. Marmorino, V. Conca, L. Salvatore, F. Bergamo, F. Tosi, F. Morano, V. Daprà, C. Molica, D. Barana, A. Guglielmi, C. Signorelli, M. D’Amico, F. Zoratto, D. Iacono, A. Morabito, G. Martini, A. Fabbroncini, M. Duro, G. Bruera, A. Auriemma, B. Bonanni, A. Percesepe, M. Dono, L. Battistuzzi, R. Labianca, L. Boni, and S. Sciallero

Subjects
DNA mismatch repair deficiency, colorectal cancer, Lynch syndrome, universal screening, reflex testing, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Background: International guidelines recommend universal screening for Lynch syndrome (LS) through somatic DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) testing in all colorectal cancers (CRCs). However, LS remains largely underdiagnosed. Mainstreaming LS diagnosis through oncologist-driven genetic testing could increase detection rates, thus extending the benefits of precision prevention to patients with LS and their families. We aim to evaluate the feasibility of the mainstreaming diagnostic algorithm for LS. Patients and methods: ItaLynch is an ongoing, prospective, observational, multicenter, multidisciplinary, Italian study in patients with dMMR CRC. Being descriptive in nature, it does not attempt to test any specific, a priori, hypothesis. Patients with dMMR CRC are selected by universal screening by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In MLH1-deficient patients, reflex testing for BRAFV600E and, when appropriate, for MLH1 promoter hypermethylation is carried out. For all dMMR CRC, a ‘Lynch Alert’ is added to the pathology report: positive when a patient is at high risk for LS, due to reflex testing results or to loss of non-MLH1 proteins. Conversely, a ‘Lynch Alert’ is negative when the patient is likely to be a nonhereditary case (i.e. MLH1 loss and BRAFV600E or MLH1 promoter hypermethylation). In patients with a positive ‘Lynch Alert’, after providing a brief explanation about the risks and benefits of genetic testing, the oncologist asks patients for their consent to mainstream genetic testing. Thus a blood sample is drawn for constitutional variants of the MMR genes. Carriers of a germline variant are then referred to post-test genetic counseling. Referral to clinical genetic services is also advised for patients with clinical suspect criteria.

Published
2024
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4. Cetuximab as third‐line rechallenge plus either irinotecan or avelumab is an effective treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients with baseline plasma RAS/BRAF wild‐type circulating tumor DNA: Individual patient data pooled analysis of CRICKET and CAVE trials

Author

G. Martini, D. Ciardiello, V. Famiglietti, D. Rossini, C. Antoniotti, T. Troiani, S. Napolitano, L. Esposito, T. P. Latiano, E. Maiello, M. Del Re, S. Lonardi, G. Aprile, D. Santini, G. Masi, A. Avallone, N. Normanno, F. Pietrantonio, C. Pinto, F. Ciardiello, C. Cremolini, and E. Martinelli

Subjects
cetuximab, immunotherapy, metastatic colorectal cancer, rechallenge, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract The rechallenge strategy is based on the concept that a subset of patients with RAS wild‐type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) could still benefit of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition, after progression to an anti‐EGFR based‐therapy. We performed a pooled analysis of two‐phase II prospective trials to determine the role of rechallenge in third‐line mCRC patients with RAS/BRAF WT baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Individual data of 33 and 13 patients from CAVE and CRICKET trials that received as third‐line therapy cetuximab rechallenge were collected. Overall survival (OS), Progression‐free survival (PFS), Overall response rate (ORR), Stable disease (SD) >6 months were calculated. Adverse events were reported. For the whole 46 patient population, median PFS (mPFS) was 3.9 months (95% Confidence Interval, CI 3.0–4.9) with median OS (mOS) of 16.9 months (95% CI 11.7–22.1). For CRICKET patients, mPFS was 3.9 months (95% CI 1.7–6.2); mOS was 13.1 months (95% CI 7.3–18.9) with OS rates at 12, 18, and 24 months of 62%, 23%, and 0%, respectively. For CAVE patients, mPFS was 4.1 months (95% CI 3.0–5.2); mOS was 18.6 months (95% CI 11.7–25.4) with OS rates at 12, 18, 24 months of 61%, 52%, 21%, respectively. Skin rash was more frequently reported in CAVE trial (87.9% vs. 30.8%; p = 0.001), whereas a increased incidence of hematological toxicities was observed in CRICKET trial (53.8%% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.003). Third‐line cetuximab rechallenge in combination with either irinotecan or avelumab in RAS/BRAF WT ctDNA mCRC patients represents a promising therapy.

Published
2023
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5. Divertor Tokamak Test facility project: status of design and implementation

Author

Francesco Romanelli, on behalf of DTT Contributors, D. Abate, E. Acampora, D. Agguiaro, R. Agnello, P. Agostinetti, M. Agostini, A. Aimetta, R. Albanese, G. Alberti, M. Albino, E. Alessi, S. Almaviva, M. Alonzo, R. Ambrosino, P. Andreoli, M. Angelone, M. Angelucci, C. Angioni, A. Angrisani Armenio, P. Antonini, D. Aprile, G. Apruzzese, M. Aquilini, G. Aragone, P. Arena, M. Ariola, G. Artaserse, L. Aucone, A. Augieri, F. Auriemma, J. Ayllon Guerola, N. Badodi, B. Baiocchi, L. Balbinot, C. Baldacchini, A. Balestri, T. Barberis, G. Barone, L. Barucca, M. Baruzzo, S. Begozzi, V. Belardi, F. Belli, A. Belpane, F. Beone, S. Bertolami, S. Bianucci, S. Bifaretti, S. Bigioni, W. Bin, P. Boccali, B. Boeswirth, E. Bogazzi, R. Bojoi, S. Bollanti, T. Bolzonella, F. Bombarda, M. Bonan, N. Bonanomi, A. Bonaventura, L. Boncagni, M. Bonesso, D. Bonfiglio, R. Bonifetto, D. Bonomi, D. Borgogno, T. Borzone, S. Botti, E. Boz, F. Braghin, M. Brena, S. Brezinsek, M. Brombin, A. Bruschi, S. Buonocore, P. Buratti, D. Busi, G. Calabrò, M. Caldora, G. Calvo, G. Camera, G. Campana, S. Candela, V. Candela, F. Cani, L. Cantone, F. Capaldo, S. Cappello, M. Caponero, S. Carchella, A. Cardinali, D. Carnevale, L. Carraro, C. Carrelli, V. Casalegno, I. Casiraghi, C. Castaldo, A. Castaldo, G. Castro, A. Carpignano, F. Causa, R. Cavazzana, M. Cavedon, M. Cavenago, M. Cecchini, S. Ceccuzzi, G. Celentano, L. Celona, C. Centioli, G.V. Centomani, S. Cesaroni, A.G. Chiariello, R. Chomicz, C. Cianfarani, F. Cichocki, M. Cinque, A. Cioffi, M. Ciotti, M. Cipriani, S. Ciufo, V. Claps, G. Claps, V. Coccorese, D. Coccorese, A. Colangeli, T. Coltella, F. Consoli, F. Cordella, D. Corradini, O. Costa, F. Crea, A. Cremona, F. Crescenzi, F. Crisanti, G. Cristofari, G. Croci, A. Cucchiaro, D. D’Ambrosio, M. Dal Molin, M. Dalla Palma, F. Danè, C. Day, M. De Angeli, V. De Leo, R. De Luca, E. De Marchi, G. De Marzi, G. De Masi, E. De Nardi, C. De Piccoli, G. De Sano, M. De Santis, G. De Tommasi, A. Del Nevo, A. Delfino, A. Della Corte, P. Deodati, S. Desiderati, E. Di Ferdinando, M.G. Di Florio, G. Di Gironimo, L.E. Di Grazia, V. Di Marzo, F. Di Paolo, E. Di Pietro, M. Di Pietrantonio, M. Di Prinzio, A. Di Silvestre, A. Di Zenobio, R. Dima, A. Domenichelli, A. Doria, G. Dose, S. Dubbioso, S. Dulla, I. Duran, M. Eboli, M. Elitropi, E. Emanuelli, B. Esposito, P. Ettorre, C. Fabbri, F. Fabbri, M. Fadone, M.M. Faggiano, F. Falcioni, M.V. Falessi, F. Fanale, P. Fanelli, A. Fassina, M. Favaretto, G. Favero, M. Ferraris, F. Ferrazza, C. Ferretti, A. Ferro, N. Ferron, C. Fiamozzi Zignani, L. Figini, F. Filippi, M. Filippini, A. Fimiani, M. Fincato, F. Fiorenza, D. Fiorucci, D. Flammini, F. Flora, N. Fonnesu, P. Franz, L. Frassinetti, A. Frattolillo, R. Freda, R. Fresa, A. Frescura, P. Frosi, M. Fulici, M. Furno Palumbo, V. Fusco, P. Fusco, L. Gabellier, P. Gaetani, E. Gaio, E. Gajetti, A. Galatà, J. Galdon Quiroga, D.L. Galindo Huertas, S. Gammino, G. Gandolfo, S. Garavaglia, J. Garcia Lopez, M. Garcia Muñoz, P. Gaudio, M. Gelfusa, G. Gervasini, L. Giannini, M. Giarrusso, C. Gil, F. Giorgetti, E. Giovannozzi, G. Giruzzi, L. Giudicotti, M. Gobbin, G. Gorini, G. Granucci, D. Grasso, T. Grasso, S. Grazioso, H. Greuner, G. Griva, G. Grosso, S. Guerini, J.P. Gunn, V. Hauer, J. Hidalgo Salaverri, M. Hoppe, M. Houry, M. Hoelzl, A. Iaboni, M. Iafrati, A. Iaiunese, V. Imbriani, D. Indrigo, P. Innocente, F. Koechl, B. Končar, A. Kryzhanovskyy, L. Laguardia, D.A. Lampasi, C. Lanchi, F. Lanzotti, A. Lanzotti, M. Laquaniti, F. Leone, J. Li, M. Libè, F. Lisanti, D. Liuzza, F. Locati, R. Lombroni, R. Lorenzini, P. Lorusso, L. Lotto, J. Loureiro, F. Lucca, T. Luda Di Cortemiglia, P. Maccari, G. Maddaluno, S. Magagnino, G. Manca, A. Mancini, P. Mandalà, B. Mandolesi, F. Mandrile, G. Manduchi, S. Manfrin, M. Manganelli, P. Mantica, G. Marchiori, N. Marconato, G. Marelli, A. Mariani, A. Marin, R. Marinari, M. Marinelli, F. Marino, P. Marino, D. Marocco, R. Marsilio, E. Martelli, P. Martin, F. Martinelli, G. Martini, R. Martone, A. Marucci, D. Marzullo, V. Masala, D. Mascali, F. Mascari, A. Masi, N. Massanova, S. Mastrostefano, M. Mattei, G. Mauro, S. Mauro, C. Meineri, L. Melaragni, A. Mele, P. Meller, S. Meloni, I. Menicucci, G. Messina, L. Mezi, G. Miccichè, M. Micheletti, S. Migliori, D. Milanesio, F. Milazzo, R. Milazzo, P. Minelli, S. Minucci, F. Mirizzi, M. Missirlian, D. Monarca, C. Monti, M. Mori, A. Moriani, L. Morici, A. Moro, F. Moro, P. Mosetti, R. Mozzillo, A. Murari, A. Muraro, D. Murra, P. Muscente, S. Musumeci, L. Muzzi, G.F. Nallo, F. Napoli, E. Nardon, E. Naselli, R. Neu, M. Nocente, M. Notazio, S. Nowak, E. Ocello, A. Oliva, V. Orsetti, A. Orsini, F.P. Orsitto, M. Ortino, M. Ottavi, G. Paccagnella, D. Pacella, I. Pagani, N. Paganucci, A. Pagliaro, V. Palazzolo, M. Palermo, S. Palomba, F. Panza, D. Paoletti, M. Parisi, R. Pasqualotto, S. Passarello, M. Passoni, T. Patton, L. Pelliccia, A. Peloso, A. Pepato, E. Perelli, A. Perencin, S. Peruzzo, A. Pesenti, N. Pedroni, P. Petrolini, V. Piergotti, A. Pidatella, L. Pigatto, M. Pillon, T. Pinna, S. Pipolo, S. Piras, C. Piron, L. Piron, A. Pironti, M. Pistilli, D. Placido, A. Pizzuto, P. Platania, A. Polimadei, F. Pollastrone, G.M. Polli, N. Pomaro, F. Pompili, C. Ponti, F. Porcelli, V. Prandelli, A. Previti, A. Princiotta, G. Pucino, F. Quaglia, A. Quercia, F. Raffaelli, G. Ramogida, G. Ranieri, B. Raspante, D. Ravarotto, G.L. Ravera, A. Reale, P. Rebesan, M. Recchia, D. Regine, F. Renno, B. Riccardi, D. Ricci, D. Rigamonti, M. Ripani, N. Rispoli, S. Roccella, G. Rocchi, H. Roche, M. Romanato, F. Romanelli, G. Romanelli, R. Romaniello, A. Romano, M. Romano, R. Romano, R. Rossi, G. Rubinacci, G. Rubino, S. Rubino, J. Rueda Rueda, A. Rufoloni, C. Salvia, P. Salvini, M. Scarpari, A. Salvitti, L. Salvò, S. Sandri, F. Santoro, A. Satriano, L. Savoldi, C. Scardino, G. Schettini, S. Schmuck, J. Scionti, M. Scisciò, M. Scungio, K. Sedlak, L. Senni, G. Sias, A. Sibio, A. Simonetto, L. Singh, A. Sirignano, C. Sozzi, I. Spada, S. Spagnolo, L. Spinicci, G. Spizzo, M. Spolaore, C. Stefanini, H. Strobel, F. Subba, F. Taccogna, B. Taheri, C. Tantos, A. Tarallo, M. Tarantino, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, P. Tarfila, A. Tenaglia, C. Terlizzi, D. Terranova, D. Testa, E. Testa, R. Testoni, V. Toigo, G. Torrisi, A. Trotta, G. Trovato, E. Tsitrone, A. Tuccillo, O. Tudisco, M. Turcato, S. Turtù, A. Uccello, M. Ugoletti, O. Uras, M. Uras, M. Utili, V. Vaccaro, F. Valentini, L. Valletti, M. Valisa, D. Van Eester, D. Vanzan, E. Vassallo, G. Vecchi, M. Vellucci, I. Venneri, G. Ventura, M. Veranda, L. Verdini, C. Verona, G. Verona Rinati, F. Veronese, N. Vianello, F. Viganò, O. Villano, R. Villari, F. Villone, P. Vincenzi, V. Vitale, F. Vivio, G. Vlad, M. Wischmeier, H.S. Wu, I. Wyss, R. Zanino, B. Zaniol, F. Zanon, A. Zappatore, G. Zavarise, P. Zito, A. Zoppoli, M. Zucchetti, M. Zuin, and P. Zumbolo

Subjects
divertor, exhaust, plasma scenarios, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

An overview is presented of the progress since 2021 in the construction and scientific programme preparation of the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility. Licensing for building construction has been granted at the end of 2021. Licensing for Cat. A radiologic source has been also granted in 2022. The construction of the toroidal field magnet system is progressing. The prototype of the 170 GHz gyrotron has been produced and it is now under test on the FALCON facility. The design of the vacuum vessel, the poloidal field coils and the civil infrastructures has been completed. The shape of the first DTT divertor has been agreed with EUROfusion to test different plasma and exhaust scenarios: single null, double null, X-divertor and negative triangularity plasmas. A detailed research plan is being elaborated with the involvement of the EUROfusion laboratories.

Published
2024
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6. Dynamical stochastic simulation of complex electrical behavior in neuromorphic networks of metallic nanojunctions

Author

F. Mambretti, M. Mirigliano, E. Tentori, N. Pedrani, G. Martini, P. Milani, and D. E. Galli

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Nanostructured Au films fabricated by the assembling of nanoparticles produced in the gas phase have shown properties suitable for neuromorphic computing applications: they are characterized by a non-linear and non-local electrical behavior, featuring switches of the electric resistance whose activation is typically triggered by an applied voltage over a certain threshold. These systems can be considered as complex networks of metallic nanojunctions where thermal effects at the nanoscale cause the continuous rearrangement of regions with low and high electrical resistance. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the electrical properties of this nano granular system, we developed a model based on a large three dimensional regular resistor network with non-linear conduction mechanisms and stochastic updates of conductances. Remarkably, by increasing enough the number of nodes in the network, the features experimentally observed in the electrical conduction properties of nanostructured gold films are qualitatively reproduced in the dynamical behavior of the system. In the activated non-linear conduction regime, our model reproduces also the growing trend, as a function of the subsystem size, of quantities like Mutual and Integrated Information, which have been extracted from the experimental resistance series data via an information theoretic analysis. This indicates that nanostructured Au films (and our model) possess a certain degree of activated interconnection among different areas which, in principle, could be exploited for neuromorphic computing applications.

Published
2022
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7. A miniature Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) for real-driving monitoring of motorcycles

Author

M. Vojtisek-Lom, A. A. Zardini, M. Pechout, L. Dittrich, F. Forni, F. Montigny, M. Carriero, B. Giechaskiel, and G. Martini

Subjects
Environmental engineering, TA170-171, Earthwork. Foundations, TA715-787
Abstract

We present an exploratory study carried out with a new miniature portable emission measurement system (Mini-PEMS) specifically designed at the Technical University of Liberec (CZ) for applications on two-wheeler vehicles owing to its reduced size (45cm×30×20cm) and weight (≈15 kg). It measures the exhaust gas concentrations of hydrocarbons and carbon mono- and dioxide with a nondispersive infrared method and nitrogen mono- and dioxides and oxygen using an electrochemical cell. In addition, the instrument acquires the engine speed, manifold absolute pressure, inlet and exhaust gas temperature, geo-localization, and vehicle speed. The exhaust mass flow rate is calculated from engine and emission data. The Mini-PEMS was validated on three two-wheelers (one moped and two motorcycles) against laboratory-grade instrumentation in the Vehicle Emissions Laboratory of the European Commission in terms of measured concentrations, exhaust flow, fuel consumption, and mass emission of pollutants. The mean absolute deviations of gas concentrations were 8 % for HC, 8 % for CO, 13 % for NOx, and 2 % for CO2, while the mass emissions (which include the exhaust flow determination uncertainty) were 7 % for HC, 7 % for CO, 9 % for NOx, and 5 % for CO2. An agreement of 2 % was achieved between the fuel consumption measured in the laboratory and calculated by the Mini-PEMS. As an application, the instrument was tested on board the vehicles during on-road trips. The emissions measured on the road were consistent among repeated runs, with differences between laboratory and on-road tests much larger than those between the Mini-PEMS and laboratory. We found similar or larger HC and NOx real-driving emissions and larger CO emissions from motorcycles and smaller ones for the moped. Considering its size and weight, the Mini-PEMS proved to be an efficient tool for vehicle monitoring, research and development and could be tested for in-service monitoring applications related to carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides emissions. A tentative approach to characterize particulate mass and particle number was presented and compared to the existing filter method and nonvolatile particle number protocol.

Published
2020
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8. Triple blockade of EGFR, MEK and PD-L1 has antitumor activity in colorectal cancer models with constitutive activation of MAPK signaling and PD-L1 overexpression

Author

S. Napolitano, N. Matrone, A. L. Muddassir, G. Martini, A. Sorokin, V. De Falco, E. F. Giunta, D. Ciardiello, E. Martinelli, V. Belli, M. Furia, S. Kopetz, F. Morgillo, F. Ciardiello, and T. Troiani

Subjects
Colorectal cancer, MEK inhibitor resistance, PD-L1 inhibitors, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Molecular mechanisms driving acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are complex but generally involve the activation of the downstream RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK pathway. Nevertheless, even if inhibition of EGFR and MEK could be a strategy for overcoming anti-EGFR resistance, its use is limited by the development of MEK inhibitor (MEKi) resistance. Methods We have generated in vitro and in vivo different CRC models in order to underline the mechanisms of MEKi resistance. Results The three different in vitro MEKi resistant models, two generated by human CRC cells quadruple wild type for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PI3KCA genes (SW48-MR and LIM1215-MR) and one by human CRC cells harboring KRAS mutation (HCT116-MR) showed features related to the gene signature of colorectal cancer CMS4 with up-regulation of immune pathway as confirmed by microarray and western blot analysis. In particular, the MEKi phenotype was associated with the loss of epithelial features and acquisition of mesenchymal markers and morphology. The change in morphology was accompanied by up-regulation of PD-L1 expression and activation of EGFR and its downstream pathway, independently to RAS mutation status. To extend these in vitro findings, we have obtained mouse colon cancer MC38- and CT26-MEKi resistant syngeneic models (MC38-MR and CT26-MR). Combined treatment with MEKi, EGFR inhibitor (EGFRi) and PD-L1 inhibitor (PD-L1i) resulted in a marked inhibition of tumor growth in both models. Conclusions These results suggest a strategy to potentially improve the efficacy of MEK inhibition by co-treatment with EGFR and PD-L1 inhibitors via modulation of host immune responses.

Published
2019
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9. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

Author

Jitendra PS. Sawhney, Veerappa A. Kothiwale, Vikas Bisne, Rajashekhar Durgaprasad, Praveen Jadhav, Manoj Chopda, Velam Vanajakshamma, Ramdhan Meena, Govindan Vijayaraghavan, Kamaldeep Chawla, Jagan Allu, Karen S. Pieper, A. John Camm, Ajay K. Kakkar, Jean-Pierre Bassand, David A. Fitzmaurice, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Shinya Goto, Sylvia Haas, Werner Hacke, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Martin van Eickels, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Gloria Kayani, Keith A.A. Fox, Bernard J. Gersh, Hector Lucas Luciardi, Harry Gibbs, Marianne Brodmann, Frank Cools, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Stuart J. Connolly, Alex Spyropoulos, John Eikelboom, Ramon Corbalan, Dayi Hu, Petr Jansky, Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen, Hany Ragy, Pekka Raatikainen, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Harald Darius, Matyas Keltai, Sanjay Kakkar, Jitendra Pal Singh Sawhney, Giancarlo Agnelli, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Yukihiro Koretsune, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez Díaz, Hugo Ten Cate, Dan Atar, Janina Stepinska, Elizaveta Panchenko, Toon Wei Lim, Barry Jacobson, Seil Oh, Xavier Viñolas, Marten Rosenqvist, Jan Steffel, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Ali Oto, Alex Parkhomenko, Wael Al Mahmeed, David Fitzmaurice, D.Y. Hu, K.N. Chen, Y.S. Zhao, H.Q. Zhang, J.Z. Chen, S.P. Cao, D.W. Wang, Y.J. Yang, W.H. Li, Y.H. Yin, G.Z. Tao, P. Yang, Y.M. Chen, S.H. He, Ying Wang, Yong Wang, G.S. Fu, X. Li, T.G. Wu, X.S. Cheng, X.W. Yan, R.P. Zhao, M.S. Chen, L.G. Xiong, P. Chen, Y. Jiao, Y. Guo, L. Xue, F.Z. Wang, H. Li, Z.M. Yang, C.L. Bai, J. Chen, J.Y. Chen, X. Chen, S. Feng, Q.H. Fu, X.J. Gao, W.N. Guo, R.H. He, X.A. He, X.S. Hu, X.F. Huang, B. Li, J. Li, L. 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Robiro Robiro, M. Roca, C. Roca Saumell, C. Rodrigo, E. Rodriguez, M. Rodriguez Garcia, S. Saez Jimenez, P. Sanchez Calderon, L. Sanchez Mendez, S. Sanchez Parra, C. Santolaya, M.R. Senan Sanz, A. Seoane Blanco, E. Serralvo, N. Sierra, C. Simon Valero, J. Sorribes Lopez, M. Teixido Fontanillas, M. Terns Riera, G. Tobajas, C. Torres, J. Torres Marques, M. Ubeda Pastor, M. Rosenqvist, A. Wirdby, J. Linden, K. Henriksson, M. Elmersson, A. Egilsson, U. Börjesson, G. Svärd, B. Liu, A. Lindh, L.-B. Olsson, M. Gustavsson, Lars Andersson, Lisbeth Andersson, L. Benson, C. Bothin, A. Hajimirsadeghi, K. Kadir, M. Ericsson, A. Ohlsson, H. Lindvall, P. Svensson, K. Thorne, H. Handel, P. Platonov, B. Eriksson, I. Timberg, K. Romberg, M. Crisby, J.-E. Karlsson, S.A. Jensen, A. Andersson, L. Malmqvist, B. Martinsson, F. Bernsten, J. Engdahl, J. Thulin, A. Hot-Bjelac, P. Stalby, H. Aaröe, E. Ahbeck, H. Ahlmark, F. Al-Khalili, G. Bonkowski, S. Dzeletovic, A.-B. Ekstrand, G.-B. Eriksson, K. Floren, C. Grässjö, S. Hahn, P. Jaensson, B. Jansson, J.-H. Jansson, R.-M. Kangert, A. Koch, D. Kusiak, A. Lettenström, A. Lindberg, C.-J. Lindholm, A. Mannermyr, K. Mansson, M. Millborg, C. Nilsson, A.-M. Ohlin, A. Olofsson, A. Osberg, A. Pedersen, K. Risbecker, K. Rosenberg, J. Samuelsson, M. Shayesteh, K. Skoglund, M. Stjernberg, C. Thorsen, J. Steffel, J.H. Beer, J. Debrunner, D. Amstutz, J. Bruegger, G. Elise, A. Grau, A. Guinand, I. Henriette, E. Saga, S. Winnik, A. Parkhomenko, I. Rudyk, V. Tseluyko, O. Karpenko, S. Zhurba, I. Kraiz, I. Kupnovytska, N. Serediuk, Y. Mostovoy, O. Ushakov, O. Koval, I. Kovalskyi, Y. Svyshchenko, O. Sychov, M. Stanislavchuk, O. Kraydashenko, A. Yagensky, S. Tykhonova, I. Fushtey, R. Belegai, G. Berko, L. Burdeuna, O. Chabanna, I. Daniuk, A. Ivanov, E. Kamenska, P. Kaplan, O. Khyzhnyak, S. Kizim, O. Matova, O. Medentseva, V. Mochonyi, M. Mospan, V. Nemtsova, T. Ovdiienko, O. Palamarchuk, M. Pavelko, R. Petrovskyy, D. Plevak, O. Proshak, S. Pyvovar, L. Rasputina, O. Romanenko, O. Romanova, A. Sapatyi, O. Shumakov, R. Stets, L. Todoriuk, V. Varenov, D. Fitzmaurice, N. Chauhan, D. Goodwin, P. Saunders, R. Evans, J. Leese, P.S. Jhittay, A. Ross, M.S. Kainth, G. Pickavance, J. McDonnell, A. Williams, T. Gooding, H. Wagner, S. Suryani, A. Singal, S. Sircar, R. Bilas, P. Hutchinson, A. Wakeman, M. Stokes, N. Paul, M. Aziz, C. Ramesh, P. Wilson, S. Franklin, S. Fairhead, J. Thompson, V. St Joseph, G. Taylor, D. Tragen, D. Seamark, C. Paul, M. Richardson, A. Jefferies, H. Sharp, H. Jones, C. Giles, M. Page, O. Oginni, J. Aldegather, S. Wetherwell, W. Lumb, P. Evans, F. Scouller, N. Macey, Y. Stipp, R. West, S. Thurston, P. Wadeson, J. Matthews, P. Pandya, A. Gallagher, T. Railton, B. Sinha, D. Russell, J.A. Davies, P. Ainsworth, C.P. Jones, P. Weeks, J. Eden, D. Kernick, W. Murdoch, L. Lumley, R.P. Patel, S.W. Wong, M. Saigol, K. Ladha, K. Douglas, D.F. Cumberlidge, C. Bradshaw, G. Van Zon, K.P. Jones, M.J. Thomas, E. Watson, B. Sarai, N. Ahmad, W. Willcock, J. Cairns, S. Sathananthan, N. de Kare-Silver, A. Gilliland, E. Strieder, A. Howitt, B. Vishwanathan, N. Bird, D. Gray, M. Clark, J. Bisatt, J. Litchfield, E. Fisher, T. Fooks, A.R. Kelsall, E. Alborough, J. Wakeling, M. Parfitt, K. Milne, S. Rogers, R. Priyadharshan, J.L. Oliver, E. Davies, S. Abushal, M. Jacobs, C. Hutton, N.I. Walls, R. Thompson, C. Chigbo, S.M.A. Zaidi, M. Howard, K.C. Butter, S. Barrow, H. Little, I.U. Haq, L. Gibbons, S. Glencross, A.J. McLeod, K. Poland, C. Mulholland, A. Warke, P. Conn, G. Burns, R.N. Smith, S. Lowe, R. Kamath, H.S. Dau, J. Webster, I. Hodgins, S. Vercoe, P.C. Roome, H. Pinnock, J.R.A. Patel, A. Ali, N. Hart, R. Davies, E. Stuart, C.A. Neden, M. Danielsen, R. Heath, P. Sharma, S. Galloway, C. Hawkins, R. Oliver, M. Aylward, S. Mannion, M. Braddick, D. Edwards, A.C. Rothwell, A. Sabir, F. Choudhary, S. Khalaque, A. Wilson, S. Peters, W. Coulson, N. Roberts, A. Heer, S. Coates, B. Ward, D. Jackson, S. Walton, D. Shepherd, M. Sterry, T. Wong, M. Boon, R. Bunney, R. Haria-Shah, R.T. Baron, S. Davies, T. Schatzberger, N. Hargreaves, T. Stephenson, H. Choi, R. Batson, L. Lucraft, T. Myhill, S. Estifano, D. Geatch, J. Wilkinson, R. Veale, K. Forshaw, T. Davies, K. Zaman, P. Vinson, C. Liley, M. Bandrapalli, P. McGinty, R. Wastling, P. McEleny, A. Beattie, P. Cooke, M. Wong, J. Gunasegaram, M. Pugsley, S. Ahmad, C. A'Court, J. Ayers, J. Bennett, S. Cartwright, S. Dobson, C. Dooldeniya, A. Flynn, R. Fox, J. Goram, A. Halpin, A. Hay, P. Jacobs, L. Jeffers, L. Lomax, I. Munro, R. Muvva, M. Nadaph, K. Powell, S. Randfield, D. Redpath, R. Reed, M. Rickenbach, G. Rogers, P.B. Saunders, C. Seamark, J. Shewring, P. Simmons, H. Simper, H. Stoddart, A. Sword, N. Thomas, A. Thomson, H. Gibbs, A. Blenkhorn, B. Singh, W. Van Gaal, W. Abhayaratna, R. Lehman, P. Roberts-Thomson, J. Kilian, D. Coulshed, A. Catanchin, D. Colquhoun, H. Kiat, D. Eccleston, J. French, L. Zimmett, B. Ayres, T. Phan, P. Blombery, D. Crimmins, D. O'Donnell, A. Choi, P. Astridge, M. Arstall, N. Jepson, M. Binnekamp, A. Lee, J. Rogers, G. Starmer, P. Carroll, J. Faunt, A. Aggarwala, L. Barry, C. Batta, R. Beveridge, A. Black, M. Bonner, J. Boys, E. Buckley, M. Campo, L. Carlton, A. Connelly, B. Conway, D. Cresp, H. Dimitri, S. Dixon, M. Dolman, M. Duroux, M. Eskandari, R. Eslick, A. Ferreira-Jardim, T. Fetahovic, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Geraghty, J. Gibbs, T. Grabek, M.H. Modi, K. Hayes, M.P. Hegde, L. Hesketh, B. Hoffmann, B. Jacobson, K. Johnson, C. Juergens, I. Kassam, V. Lawlor, M. Lehman, S. Lehman, D. Leung, S. Mackay, M. MacKenzie, C. McCarthy, C. McIntosh, L. McKeon, H. Morrison, C. Mussap, J.-D. Myers, V. Nagalingam, G. Oldfield, V. O'May, J. Palmer, L. Parsons, K. Patching, T. Patching, V. Paul, M. Plotz, S. Preston, H. Rashad, M. Ratcliffe, S. Raynes, J. Rose, L. Sanders, M. Seremetkoska, H. Setio, S. Shone, P. Shrestha, C. Singh, C. Singleton, N. Stoyanov, S. Sutcliffe, K. Swaraj, J. Tarrant, S. Thompson, I.M. Tsay, M. Vorster, A. Waldman, L. Wallis, E. Wilford, K. Wong, S.J. Connolly, A. Spyropoulos, J. Eikelboom, R. Luton, M. Gupta, A.S. Pandey, S. Cheung, R. Leader, P. Beaudry, F. Ayala-Paredes, J. Berlingieri, J. Heath, G. Poirier, M. Du Preez, R. Nadeau, G. Dresser, R. Dhillon, T. Hruczkowski, B. Schweitzer, B. Coutu, P. Angaran, P. MacDonald, S. Vizel, S. Fikry, R. Parkash, A. Lavoie, J. Cha, B. Ramjattan, J. Bonet, K. Ahmad, L. Aro, T. Aves, K. Beaudry, C. Bergeron, J. Bigcanoe, N. Bignell, L. Breakwell, E. Burke, L. Carroll, B. Clarke, T. Cleveland, S. Daheb, P. Dehghani, I. Denis, Z. Djaidani, P. Dorian, S. Douglass, J. Dunnigan, A. Ewert, D. Farquhar, A. Fearon, L. Ferleyko, D. Fournier, B. Fox, M.-C. Grenier, W. Gulliver, K. Haveman, C. Hines, K. Hines, A.M. Jackson, C. Jean, G. Jethoo, R. Kahlon, S. Kelly, R. Kim, V. Korley, J. Kornder, L. Kwan, J. Largy, C. Lewis, S. Lewis, I. Mangat, R. Moor, J. Navratil, I. Neas, J. Otis, R. Otis, M. Pandey, F. Petrie, A. Pinter, M. Raines, P. Roberts, M. Robinson, G. Sas, S. Schulman, L. Snell, S. Spearson, J. Stevenson, T. Trahey, S. Wong, D. Wright, H. Ragy, A. Abd El-Aziz, S.K. Abou Seif, M.G. El Din, S. El Etriby, A. Elbahry, A. El-Etreby, M. Elkhadem, A. Katta, T. Khairy, A. Mowafy, M. Nawar, A. Ohanissian, A. Reda, M. Reda, H. Salem, N. Sami, S. Samir, M. Setiha, M. Sobhy, A. Soliman, N. Taha, M. Tawfik, E. Zaatout, D. Kettles, J. Bayat, H. Siebert, A. Horak, Y. Kelfkens, R. Garda, T. Pillay, M. Guerra, L. van Zyl, H. Theron, A. Murray, R. Louw, D. Greyling, P. Mntla, V. Ueckermann, R. Loghdey, S. Ismail, F. Ahmed, J. Engelbrecht, A. Ramdass, S. Maharajh, W. Oosthuysen, G. Angel, C. Bester, M. Booysen, C. Boshoff, C. Cannon, S. Cassimjee, C. Chami, G. Conway, A. Davids, L. de Meyer, G. Du Plessis, T. Ellis, L. Henley, M. Karsten, E. Loyd, J. Marks, L. Mavhusa, M. Mostert, A. Page, L. Rikhotso, M. Salie, J. Sasto, F. Shaik, A. Skein, L. Smith, G. Tarr, T. Tau, F. van Zyl, W. Al Mahmeed, G. Yousef, A. Agrawal, M. Nathani, M. Ibrahim, E.M. Esheiba, R. Singh, A. Naguib, M. Abu-Mahfouz, M. Al Omairi, A. Al Naeemi, R. Maruthanayagam, N. Bazargani, A. Wassef, R. Gupta, M. Khan, B. Subbaraman, A. Abdul, A. Al Mulla, S. El Bardisy, P. Haridas, S. Jadhav, K. Magdaluyo, M. Makdad, I. Maqsood, R. Mohamed, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, M. Thanzeel, S.Z. Goldhaber, R. Canosa, P. Rama, E. Blumberg, J. Garcia, P. Mullen, V. Wilson, A. Quick, K. Ferrick, W.M. Kutayli, M. Cox, M. Franco, S. Falkowski, R. Mendelson, M. Williams, S. Miller, S. Beach, A. Alfieri, T. Gutowski, I. Haque, R. Reddy, W. Ahmed, P. Delafontaine, D. Diercks, D. Theodoro, K. Remmel, M. Alberts, R. Ison, H. Noveck, P. Duffy, S. Pitta, D. Nishijima, C. Treasure, N. Asafu-Adjaye, K. Ball, M. Bartlett, M. Bentley, S. Bowers, A. Brown, A. Browne, J. Cameron-Watts, M. Canova, D. Cassidy, K. Cervellione, S. Congal, J. DePauw, A. Dickerson, M. Eley, L. Evans, S. Felpel, K. Ferdinand, D. Fielder, P. Gentry, A. Haideri, F. Hakimi, T. Harbour, E. Hartranft, B. Hawkins, M. Headlee, L. Henson, C. Herrick, T. Hicks, S. Jasinski, A. Jones, L. Jones, P. Jones, S. Karl, M. Keeling, J. Kerr, P. Knowles, J. Langdon, M. Lay, J.A. Lee, T. Lincoln, E. Malone, A. Merliss, D. Merritt, J. Minardo, B. Mooso, C. Orosco, V. Palumbo, M. Parker, T. Parrott, S. Paserchia, G. Pearl, J. Peterson, N. Pickelsimer, T. Purcell, J. Raynor, S. Raziano, C. Richard, T. Richardson, C. Robertson, A. Sage, T. Sanghera, P. Shaw, J. Shoemaker, K. Smith, B. Stephanie, A. Thatcher, H. Theobald, N. Thompson, L. Treasure, T. Tripti, C. Verdi, and V. Worthy

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. Methods and results: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012–2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P

Published
2018
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10. Cone beam computed tomography for the assessment of linear scleroderma of the face

Author

C. Di Giovanni, S. Puggina, A. Meneghel, F. Vittadello, G. Martini, and F. Zulian

Subjects
Localized scleroderma, Morphea, Scleroderma en coup de sabre, Linear scleroderma of the face, Cone beam computed tomography, Outcome measure, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background To date, standardized methods for assessing the disease progression of linear scleroderma of the face (LSF) are lacking. Objectives We investigated whether Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) may represent a reliable tool for assessing linear scleroderma of the face (LSF). Methods Ten patients with LSF and five age-matched controls underwent CBCT assessment. The transverse sections at three anatomic levels of the maxillofacial bones were analyzed. Measurements of soft tissue and total thickness of both affected and unaffected side of the face were made by a standardized methodology. Six raters evaluated CBCTs twice and blindly one from the other. The intra- and inter-rater reliability was assessed by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results CBCT was fast and well tolerated by the patients. The inter-rater concordance for the total thickness was excellent, mean ICC 0.75 for patients, 0.89 for controls. The mean ICC for soft tissue thickness was 0.49 for patients, 0.66 for controls. 58.3% of the measurements for patients and 91.2% of those for controls showed excellent ICC results (≥ 0.75). The intra-rater concordance resulted optimal (ICC 0.77–0.99). Conclusions CBCT is a reliable technique to assess skin and bony changes of LSF.

Published
2018
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12. Safety profile of drugs used in the treatment of osteoporosis: a systematical review of the literature

Author

M. Varenna, F. Bertoldo, M. Di Monaco, A. Giusti, G. Martini, M. Rossini, On behalf of SIOMMMS, and Endorsed by SIR

Subjects
Osteoporosi, Trattamento, Farmaci, Eventi avversi, Medicine, Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract

The range of osteoporosis treatments is increasingly large and, like any disease, the pharmacological management of patients should involve a risk/benefit evaluation to attain the greatest reduction in risk of fracture with the lowest incidence of adverse events. The aim of this review is to critically appraise the literature about the safety issues of the main pharmacological treatments of osteoporosis. This document is the result of a consensus of experts based on a systematic review of regulatory documents, randomized controlled trials, metaanalyses, pharmacovigilance surveys and case series related to possible adverse drug reactions to osteoporosis treatment with calcium and vitamin D supplements, bisphosphonates, strontium ranelate, selective estrogen receptor modulators, denosumab, and teriparatide. As expected, randomized controlled trials showed only the most common adverse events due to the samples size and the short observation time. Case series and observational studies are able to provide data about uncommon side effects, but in some cases a sure cause-effect relationship needs still to be confirmed. Consistently with methodological limitations, the newer drugs have a tolerance profile that has not been fully explored yet. Osteoporosis treatments showed an overall good tolerance profile with rare serious adverse events that, however, must be well known by the clinician who prescribes these drugs. The concern about possible adverse events should be weighed against the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with a significant fracture risk reduction.

Published
2013
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13. Controle químico de parreira-brava (Cissampelos glaberrima) na cultura da cana-de-açúcar Chemical control of Cissampelos glaberrima in sugarcane crop

Author

J.C. Durigan, P.C. Timossi, G. Martini, and G.J. Leite

Subjects
herbicidas, plantas daninhas, hormonais, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, herbicides, weeds, hormonal, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

A parreira-brava (Cissampelos glaberrima) e a erva-palha (Blainvillea romboidea) estão no início de sua dispersão na cultura da cana-de-açúcar no Estado de São Paulo e são espécies de extrema agressividade e de difícil controle. Objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar a eficácia dos herbicidas trifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryne, picloram + 2,4-D, 2,4-D e fluroxypyr, aplicados em pós-emergência, no controle de parreira-brava e ervapalha em canaviais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram feitas avaliações visuais das porcentagens de controle, aos 7, 14, 21, 29, 36, 42, 56 e 90 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos herbicidas. Medidas das alturas das plantas de cana-de-açúcar foram feitas aos 29 e 56 DAA, e a contagem do número de afilhos foi feita aos 33 DAA. Na colheita, fez-se a contagem do número de colmos, e a produção foi calculada através da pesagem dos colmos da parcela. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o trifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryne (1.500 g ha-1) agiu rápida e eficientemente na parte aérea das plantas adultas de parreirabrava, porém não impediu que as brotações surgissem após os 42 dias da aplicação. No entanto, o picloram + 2,4-D (a 2.040 g ha-1) e o fluroxypyr (345 g ha-1) mantiveram níveis de controle da parreira-brava superiores a 90%, até 90 DAA. O controle de erva-palha mostrouse não-satisfatório com a aplicação de trifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryne e bastante eficaz (100%) com os demais herbicidas.Cissampelos glaberrima and Blainvillea romboidea are aggressive species and difficult to be controlled in the beginning of their dispersal in sugarcane crops in the state of Sao Paulo. The objective of this experiment was to study the efficacy of trifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryne, picloram + 2,4-D, 2,4-D and fluroxypyr, applied in post emergence, in controlling these weed species in sugarcane crops. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. Visual evaluations of the treatments were performed at 7, 14, 21, 29, 36, 42, 56, and 90 days after application (DAA) . Sugarcane plant height was measured at 29 and 56 DAA and the number of shoots counted at 33 DAA. At harvest, the number and weight of shoots were also evaluated. Although trifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryne had a quick effect on shoots of C. glaberrima adult plants, it did not prevent their re-growth at 42 days after its application .However, picloram + 2,4-D (2,040 g ha-1) and fluroxypyr (345 g ha¹) maintained control levels of C. glaberrima above 90%, up to 90 DAA. B. romboidea control was not satisfactory with trifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryne application, but rather effective (100%) with the other chemical treatments.

Published
2004
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14. Influência do teor de água na superfície do solo sobre a eficácia e seletividade do flazasulfuron, na cultura de cana-de-açúcar Influence of soil surface water content on the efficacy and selectivity of flazasulfuron in sugarcane culture

Author

G. Martini and J.C. Durigan

Subjects
pré-emergência, plantas daninhas, herbicidas, pre emergence, weeds, herbicides, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia e a seletividade do herbicida flazasulfuron aplicado em pré-emergência de Panicum maximum, Brachiaria plantaginea e Digitaria horizontalis e das plantas de cana-de-açúcar, em solos argilosos com diferentes teores de água na superfície, após os primeiros cinco dias da aplicação. Foram testadas as seguintes doses de flazasulfuron isolado: 37,5; 50,0; e 75,0 g ha-1. O herbicida foi misturado, na menor dose (37,5 g ha-1), com ametrine e diuron, ambos a 1.000 g ha¹, e com acetochlor na dose de 1.536 g ha-1. Esses tratamentos foram comparados aos padrões comerciais: isoxaflutole (112,5 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (1.000 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1) e diuron + hexazinone (1.500 g ha-1). Mantiveram-se as testemunhas capinada e infestada. Todos os herbicidas foram seletivos aos cultivares de cana-de-açúcar testados (RB 845257 e RB 855536). O herbicida flazasulfuron, bem como alguns padrões comerciais, proporcionou ótimos níveis de controle das plantas daninhas onde o solo se encontrava com bons teores de água nesse período. Os resultados foram insatisfatórios - sobretudo para o flazasulfuron isolado ou em misturas com ametrine, acetochlor e diuron - para o controle de P. maximum e B. plantaginea em solo com menor teor de água na superfície. Com a dose de 37,5 g ha-1 do flazasulfuron, o controle de B. plantaginea aos 90 dias após a aplicação, foi de 42,5% em função da redução do teor de água de 22% (CC) a 7,1%, na camada de 0 a 2,5 cm do solo. O controle aumentou para 97,5% quando a variação foi de 25% a 21%.The efficacy and selectivity of the herbicide flazasulfuron, applied on Panicum maximum, Brachiaria plantaginea, and Digitaria horizontalis and sugarcane plants were evaluated during pre emergence under different soil surface water content conditions after the first five days of application. The following isolated Flazasulfuron rates were tested: 37.5, 50.0 and 75.0 g ha-1. The smallest rate (37.5 g ha-1) was mixed with 1000.0 g ha-1 ametrine or diuron and with 1536.0 g ha-1 acetochlor rates. All flazasulfuron rates alone or mixed were compared with the commercial herbicides isoxaflutole (112.5 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (1000 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1), and diuron + hexazinone (1500 g ha-1), plus two checks, with and without weeds. All the herbicides were selective to the tested sugarcane plant cultivars RB 845257 and RB 855536. Flazasulfuron and some commercial herbicides provided excellent weed control in moist surface soil. Unsatisfactory results for P. maximum and B. plantaginea control in dry surface soil were obtained with flazasulfuron alone or mixed with ametrine, acetochlor and diuron. Flazasulfuron herbicide with the rate of 37.5 g ha-1 to B. plantaginea controlled 42.5% when the reduction of soil water content was 22% to 7% in the 0-2.5 cm layer. The control increased to 97.5% when the variation of soil water content was 25% to 21%, ninety days after application.

Published
2004
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15. Influência da chuva na eficácia do glyphosate em mistura com adjuvantes na dessecação de plantas daninhas Influence of rain on the efficacy of glyphosate in mixture with adjuvants in weed desiccation

Author

A.F.F Pedrinho Junior, F.M. Piva, G. Martini, G.V. Felici, and J.C. Durigan

Subjects
controle de plantas daninhas, chuva simulada, clima, weed control, rainfastness, climate, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Com o objetivo de estudar a influência do momento da chuva após a aplicação do herbicida glyphosate isolado e em mistura com adjuvantes na dessecação de plantas daninhas, foram instalados dois experimentos na Fazenda Experimental de Ensino e Pesquisa da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP - campus de Jaboticabal-SP, em duas épocas: inverno de 2000 (junho - agosto) e verão de 2001 (janeiro-março). Os experimentos foram instalados no delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 4 (tratamentos herbicidas) x 5 (períodos livres de chuva simulada) + 1, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de glyphosate SAqC (360 g e.a. ha-1) isolado ou adicionado de uréia (50 g L-1 de calda) ou óleo vegetal (100 ml L-1 de calda) ou sulfato de amônio (100 g L-1 de calda), com cinco períodos de chuva simulada (1, 2, 4, 6 e > 48 horas após a aplicação), além de uma testemunha. A chuva foi simulada com um sistema de irrigação por aspersão, e a quantidade aplicada variou entre 18 e 19 mm. Em ambas as épocas a chuva foi prejudicial à ação do glyphosate, principalmente nos menores períodos livres de chuva após a aplicação. Os sintomas de fitointoxicação apareceram mais rapidamente no verão. A utilização de adjuvantes na calda de pulverização não beneficiou o desempenho do herbicida glyphosate no controle das plantas daninhas, no inverno. A adição de uréia (50 g L¹) é uma boa alternativa para o controle de plantas daninhas, no verão, em situações sujeitas à chuva até duas horas após a aplicação.The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of the moment of rain on the activity of the herbicide glyphosate, applied alone and in combination with surfactants, on two growing seasons (winter and summer); at FCAV-UNESP Experimental Station, Jaboticabal-SP, Brazil,, during 2000/2001. The winter experiment was installed from June to August 2000 and the summer one from January to March 2001. The treatments were glyphosate SAqC (360 g e.a. ha-1), alone or in combination with urea (50 g L-1), vegetable oil (100 ml L-1) or ammonium sulfate (100 g L-1), and five periods of simulated rainfall (1, 2, 4, 6 or 48 hours after application) and a check treatment. The experimental design was set up in a randomized block factorial, 5 (herbicides) x 6 (moment of rain) + 1 (controls treatment), with four replications. The artificial rain was provided by a top irrigation system supplying 18-19 mm rain during one hour. The artificial rain reduced the glyphosate action, mainly in the earlier periods. The herbicide symptoms appeared sooner in the summer trial. The use of surfactants in the spray mixture did not improve the performance of glyphosate on weed control during the winter. The addition of urea (50 g L-1), is a good alternative for weed control during summer, when rainfall is expected after the application.

Published
2002
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16. Momento da chuva após a aplicação e a eficácia dos herbicidas sulfosate e glyphosate aplicados em diferentes formulações Rainfastness and glyphosate and sulfosate efficacy using different formulations

Author

A.F.F. Pedrinho Júnior, G. Martini, G.V. Felici, F.M. Piva, and J.C. Durigan

Subjects
controle de plantas daninhas, chuva simulada, glyphosate, sulfosate, weed control, winter and summer, rainfastness, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Com o objetivo de estudar a influência da chuva sobre o desempenho dos herbicidas sulfosate e glyphosate em diferentes formulações, foram conduzidos dois experimentos, um no inverno de 2000 e outro no verão de 2001, na Fazenda Experimental de Ensino e Pesquisa da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal-SP. Os experimentos foram instalados segundo o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, no arranjo fatorial de 4x5+1, ou seja, quatro tratamentos de herbicidas, cinco períodos sem chuva após a aplicação e uma testemunha, que não recebeu chuva. As formulações de glyphosate foram: SAqC (1,0 L ha-1), GrDA (0,5 kg ha-1), SAqC Transorb (0,75 L ha-1), mais o sulfosate SAqC (1,09 L ha¹). Os períodos sem chuva após a aplicação foram de 1, 2, 4, 6 e > 48 horas. Os herbicidas foram aplicados em pós-emergência das plantas daninhas, utilizando-se de um pulverizador costal, à pressão constante (mantida por ar comprimido) de 30 lbf pol-2. A chuva foi simulada com um sistema de irrigação por aspersão. A lâmina de água variou entre 18 e 19 mm. Em ambas as épocas, a chuva simulada foi prejudicial à ação dos herbicidas, principalmente quando feita nos menores intervalos após a aplicação. Os sintomas de fitointoxicação apareceram mais rapidamente no verão. A formulação Transorb, comercializada como não sendo afetada pela chuva uma hora após a aplicação, não teve o desempenho esperado, tanto no inverno quanto no verão, para períodos de até seis horas sem chuva após a aplicação. O sulfosate apresentou o melhor controle geral das plantas avaliadas, quando se simulou chuva após seis horas, em ambas as épocas. A formulação GrDA foi a mais afetada pela ação da chuva em ambas as épocas.Two field assays were carried out to evaluate the rainfall effects on sulfosate and glyphosate herbicide activity, using different formulations, under two growing seasons (winter and summer). The experiments were conducted at the FCAV/UNESP Experimental Station, Jaboticabel, Brazil, during 2000/01. The formulations were glyphosate SA (1.0 L ha-1), WG (0.5 L ha-1), Transorb (0.75 L ha-1) and sulfosate SA (1.09 L ha-1). In the field, all the trials were arranged in a randomized block experimental design, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in factorial design 5 x 4 + 1 factors, with five periods between the herbicide spraying and the rain incidence (1, 2, 4, 6 and > 48 h), plus one control treatment. The herbicide treatments were applied using a back spraying, with six nozzles DG 11002, spaced by 0.5 m, at 30 p.s.i. constant pression. Artificial rain was provided by a top irrigation system raining 18-19 mm during one hour. The artificial rain reduced glyphosate action, mainly in the shorter periods between herbicide application and the rain incidence. The herbicide symptoms appeared quicker in the summer trials. The Transorb formulation (advertised as not affected by rain one hour after spraying) had the phytointoxication symptoms reduced by the rain up to six hours after spraying, both in the summer and winter. The herbicide sulfosate promoted better control when the rain occurred six hours after spraying, in both seasons.

Published
2002
Full Text
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