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1. Plant stress index (PSI) based irrigation scheduling of wheat in Punjab, India

Author

G. KAUR, S. SUBHASH, V. SHARMA, and V. CHHABRA

Subjects
Critical growth stages, Canopy temperature, Soil moisture, Water stress, Irrigation scheduling, Water use efficiency, Agriculture
Abstract

A field experiment was caried out over a period of two years (2022-23 and 2023-24) at Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab with eight irrigation treatments (based on PSI, soil moisture depletion & critical growth stages) and four replications in RBD Design. The different irrigation levels had an impact on plant growth, parameters contributing to yield, grain and straw production, as well as irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Among all the PSI based irrigation treatments, schedule irrigation at 0.50 PSI was found the best irrigation level for growing wheat with significant grain yield (5.67 t ha-1), IWUE (0.092 t ha-1 cm) and gave 11.16% water saving over I50% FC (irrigation as per farmer practices). To schedule irrigation as per the soil moisture depletion approach, irrigation levels I50% FC and I75% FC result in maximum grain yield over PSI & critical growth stage-based irrigation treatments, but this practice does not support sustainable wheat production in water-scarce regions. Therefore, irrigation can be tailored for wheat crops based on 0.5 PSI in water-scarce and water-abundant regions of Punjab.

Published
2024
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2. Re-investigation of the interplay of fission modes and non-equilibrium fission processes in heavy actinide nuclei 249Bk and 257Md

Author

R. Dubey, G. Kaur, Abhishek Yadav, N. Saneesh, Akhil Jhingan, P. Sugathan, Tathagata Banerjee, K.S. Golda, Hardev Singh, Meenu Thakur, and Ruchi Mahajan

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Measurements of mass and angular distributions of fission fragments from actinide nuclei 249Bk and 257Md, produced in fusion reactions 11B and 19F + 238U, are presented. Experimentally observed mass ratio distributions indicate “multi-chance fission” through the interplay of fission modes in the fission process, and they agree well with predictions from calculations using the GEF (“GEneral description of Fission observables”) model code. Furthermore, to test the signatures of events from non-compound nuclear processes in the fission of 249Bk and 257Md nuclei, Monte Carlo statistical decay model calculations using GEMINI++ were performed for the measured mass distribution at all energies. For comparison purposes, the fission fragment mass distributions of neighboring heavy actinide nuclei, previously measured in the fission of 250Cf and 254Fm nuclei produced by 12C and 16O projectiles on a 238U target, are also presented. The measured angular anisotropy data for the 19F + 238U reaction differ from the results of the Transition State Model (TSM) at energies below the fusion barrier. As a result of the present study, we suggest considering the interplay between K relaxation time, dynamic dissipation, and their influence on shell correction to understand the evolution of fission dynamics in heavy-ion-induced actinide nuclei.

Published
2024
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3. Effect of diet on the gut mycobiome and potential implications in inflammatory bowel disease

Author

J. Buttar, E. Kon, A. Lee, G. Kaur, and G. Lunken

Subjects
Gut, microbiome, mycobiome, diet, dietary modulation, inflammatory bowel disease, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

The gut microbiome is a complex, unique entity implicated in the prevention, pathogenesis, and progression of common gastrointestinal diseases. While largely dominated by bacterial populations, advanced sequencing techniques have identified co-inhabiting fungal communities, collectively referred to as the mycobiome. Early studies identified that gut inflammation is associated with altered microbial composition, known as gut dysbiosis. Altered microbial profiles are implicated in various pathological diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), though their role as a cause or consequence of systemic inflammation remains the subject of ongoing research. Diet plays a crucial role in the prevention and management of various diseases and is considered to be an essential regulator of systemic inflammation. This review compiles current literature on the impact of dietary modulation on the mycobiome, showing that dietary changes can alter the fungal architecture of the gut. Further research is required to understand the impact of diet on gut fungi, including the metabolic pathways and enzymes involved in fungal fermentation. Additionally, investigating whether dietary modulation of the gut mycobiome could be utilized as a therapy in IBD is essential.

Published
2024
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4. Investigation of microglial diversity in a LRRK2 G2019S mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Author

L. Iovino, J. VanderZwaag, G. Kaur, M. Khakpour, V. Giusti, M. Donadon, A. Chiavegato, L. Tenorio-Lopes, E. Greggio, M.E. Tremblay, and L. Civiero

Subjects
Parkinson's disease, Aging, LRRK2, Microglia, Dark microglia, CLEC7A, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Microglia contribute to the outcomes of various pathological conditions including Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglia are heterogenous, with a variety of states recently identified in aging and neurodegenerative disease models. Here, we delved into the diversity of microglia in a preclinical PD model featuring the G2019S mutation in LRRK2, a known pathological mutation associated with PD. Specifically, we investigated the ‘dark microglia’ (DM) and the ‘disease-associated microglia’ (DAM) which present a selective enrichment of CLEC7A expression. In the dorsal striatum - a region affected by PD pathology - extensive ultrastructural features of cellular stress as well as reduced direct cellular contacts, were observed for microglia from old LRRK2 G2019S mice versus controls. In addition, DM were more prevalent while CLEC7A-positive microglia had extensive phagocytic ultrastructural characteristics in the LRRK2 G2019S mice. Furthermore, our findings revealed a higher proportion of DM in LRRK2 G2019S mice, and an increased number of CLEC7A-positive cells with age, exacerbated by the pathological mutation. These CLEC7A-positive cells exhibited a selective enrichment of ameboid morphology and tended to cluster in the affected animals. In summary, we provide novel insights into the occurrence and features of recently defined microglial states, CLEC7A-positive cells and DM, in the context of LRRK2 G2019S PD pathology.

Published
2024
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5. Precision measurement of the specific activity of $$^{39}$$ 39 Ar in atmospheric argon with the DEAP-3600 detector

Author

P. Adhikari, R. Ajaj, M. Alpízar-Venegas, P.-A. Amaudruz, J. Anstey, G. R. Araujo, D. J. Auty, M. Baldwin, M. Batygov, B. Beltran, H. Benmansour, C. E. Bina, J. Bonatt, W. Bonivento, M. G. Boulay, B. Broerman, J. F. Bueno, P. M. Burghardt, A. Butcher, M. Cadeddu, B. Cai, M. Cárdenas-Montes, S. Cavuoti, M. Chen, Y. Chen, S. Choudhary, B. T. Cleveland, J. M. Corning, R. Crampton, D. Cranshaw, S. Daugherty, P. DelGobbo, K. Dering, P. Di Stefano, J. DiGioseffo, G. Dolganov, L. Doria, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, E. Ellingwood, A. Erlandson, S. S. Farahani, N. Fatemighomi, G. Fiorillo, S. Florian, A. Flower, R. J. Ford, R. Gagnon, D. Gallacher, P. García Abia, S. Garg, P. Giampa, A. Giménez-Alcázar, D. Goeldi, V. V. Golovko, P. Gorel, K. Graham, D. R. Grant, A. Grobov, A. L. Hallin, M. Hamstra, P. J. Harvey, S. Haskins, C. Hearns, J. Hu, J. Hucker, T. Hugues, A. Ilyasov, B. Jigmeddorj, C. J. Jillings, A. Joy, O. Kamaev, G. Kaur, A. Kemp, M. Kuźniak, F. La Zia, M. Lai, S. Langrock, B. Lehnert, A. Leonhardt, J. LePage-Bourbonnais, N. Levashko, J. Lidgard, T. Lindner, M. Lissia, J. Lock, L. Luzzi, I. Machulin, P. Majewski, A. Maru, J. Mason, A. B. McDonald, T. McElroy, T. McGinn, J. B. McLaughlin, R. Mehdiyev, C. Mielnichuk, L. Mirasola, J. Monroe, P. Nadeau, C. Nantais, C. Ng, A. J. Noble, E. O’Dwyer, G. Oliviéro, C. Ouellet, S. Pal, D. Papi, P. Pasuthip, S. J. M. Peeters, M. Perry, V. Pesudo, E. Picciau, M.-C. Piro, T. R. Pollmann, F. Rad, E. T. Rand, C. Rethmeier, F. Retière, I. Rodríguez García, L. Roszkowski, J. B. Ruhland, R. Santorelli, F. G. Schuckman II, N. Seeburn, S. Seth, V. Shalamova, K. Singhrao, P. Skensved, N. J. T. Smith, B. Smith, K. Sobotkiewich, T. Sonley, J. Sosiak, J. Soukup, R. Stainforth, C. Stone, V. Strickland, M. Stringer, B. Sur, J. Tang, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, L. Veloce, S. Viel, B. Vyas, M. Walczak, J. Walding, M. Ward, S. Westerdale, J. Willis, A. Zuñiga-Reyes, and DEAP Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The specific activity of the $$\beta $$ β decay of $$^{39}$$ 39 Ar in atmospheric argon is measured using the DEAP-3600 detector. DEAP-3600, located 2 km underground at SNOLAB, uses a total of (3269 ± 24) kg of liquid argon distilled from the atmosphere to search for dark matter. This detector is well-suited to measure the decay of $$^{39}$$ 39 Ar owing to its very low background levels. This is achieved in two ways: it uses low background construction materials; and it uses pulse-shape discrimination to differentiate between nuclear recoils and electron recoils. With 167 live-days of data, the measured specific activity at the time of atmospheric extraction is (0.964 ± 0.001 $$_\textrm{stat}$$ stat ± 0.024 $$_\textrm{sys}$$ sys ) Bq/kg $$_\textrm{atmAr}$$ atmAr , which is consistent with results from other experiments. A cross-check analysis using different event selection criteria and a different statistical method confirms the result.

Published
2023
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6. Status report of the n_TOF facility after the 2nd CERN long shutdown period

Author

N. Patronis, A. Mengoni, S. Goula, O. Aberle, V. Alcayne, S. Altieri, S. Amaducci, J. Andrzejewski, V. Babiano-Suarez, M. Bacak, J. Balibrea Correa, C. Beltrami, S. Bennett, A. P. Bernardes, E. Berthoumieux, R. Beyer, M. Boromiza, D. Bosnar, M. Caamaño, F. Calviño, M. Calviani, D. Cano-Ott, A. Casanovas, D. M. Castelluccio, F. Cerutti, G. Cescutti, S. Chasapoglou, E. Chiaveri, P. Colombetti, N. Colonna, P. Console Camprini, G. Cortés, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, L. Cosentino, S. Cristallo, S. Dellmann, M. Di Castro, S. Di Maria, M. Diakaki, M. Dietz, C. Domingo-Pardo, R. Dressler, E. Dupont, I. Durán, Z. Eleme, S. Fargier, B. Fernández, B. Fernández-Domínguez, P. Finocchiaro, S. Fiore, F. García-Infantes, A. Gawlik-Ramiega, G. Gervino, S. Gilardoni, E. González-Romero, C. Guerrero, F. Gunsing, C. Gustavino, J. Heyse, W. Hillman, D. G. Jenkins, E. Jericha, A. Junghans, Y. Kadi, K. Kaperoni, G. Kaur, A. Kimura, I. Knapová, M. Kokkoris, M. Krtička, N. Kyritsis, I. Ladarescu, C. Lederer-Woods, J. Lerendegui-Marco, G. Lerner, A. Manna, T. Martínez, A. Masi, C. Massimi, P. Mastinu, M. Mastromarco, E. A. Maugeri, A. Mazzone, E. Mendoza, V. Michalopoulou, P. M. Milazzo, R. Mucciola, F. Murtas, E. Musacchio-Gonzalez, A. Musumarra, A. Negret, A. Pérez de Rada, P. Pérez-Maroto, J. A. Pavón-Rodríguez, M. G. Pellegriti, J. Perkowski, C. Petrone, E. Pirovano, J. Plaza del Olmo, S. Pomp, I. Porras, J. Praena, J. M. Quesada, R. Reifarth, D. Rochman, Y. Romanets, C. Rubbia, A. Sánchez-Caballero, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, P. Schillebeeckx, D. Schumann, A. Sekhar, A. G. Smith, N. V. Sosnin, M. E. Stamati, A. Sturniolo, G. Tagliente, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia, D. Tarrío, P. Torres-Sánchez, E. Vagena, S. Valenta, V. Variale, P. Vaz, G. Vecchio, D. Vescovi, V. Vlachoudis, R. Vlastou, A. Wallner, P. J. Woods, R. Zarrella, and P. Zugec

Subjects
Neutron time of flight, Spallation target, Nuclear astrophysics, Neutron physics, Neutron induced fission, Neutron reactions, Physics, QC1-999, Optics. Light, QC350-467, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85
Abstract

Abstract During the second long shutdown period of the CERN accelerator complex (LS2, 2019-2021), several upgrade activities took place at the n_TOF facility. The most important have been the replacement of the spallation target with a next generation nitrogen-cooled lead target. Additionally, a new experimental area, at a very short distance from the target assembly (the NEAR Station) was established. In this paper, the core commissioning actions of the new installations are described. The improvement in the n_TOF infrastructure was accompanied by several detector development projects. All these upgrade actions are discussed, focusing mostly on the future perspectives of the n_TOF facility. Furthermore, some indicative current and future measurements are briefly reported.

Published
2023
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7. Pulse-shape discrimination against low-energy Ar-39 beta decays in liquid argon with 4.5 tonne-years of DEAP-3600 data

Author

P. Adhikari, R. Ajaj, M. Alpízar-Venegas, P.-A. Amaudruz, D. J. Auty, M. Batygov, B. Beltran, H. Benmansour, C. E. Bina, J. Bonatt, W. Bonivento, M. G. Boulay, B. Broerman, J. F. Bueno, P. M. Burghardt, A. Butcher, M. Cadeddu, B. Cai, M. Cárdenas-Montes, S. Cavuoti, M. Chen, Y. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, J. M. Corning, D. Cranshaw, S. Daugherty, P. DelGobbo, K. Dering, J. DiGioseffo, P. Di Stefano, L. Doria, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, E. Ellingwood, A. Erlandson, S. S. Farahani, N. Fatemighomi, G. Fiorillo, S. Florian, T. Flower, R. J. Ford, R. Gagnon, D. Gallacher, P. García Abia, S. Garg, P. Giampa, D. Goeldi, V. Golovko, P. Gorel, K. Graham, D. R. Grant, A. Grobov, A. L. Hallin, M. Hamstra, P. J. Harvey, C. Hearns, T. Hugues, A. Ilyasov, A. Joy, B. Jigmeddorj, C. J. Jillings, O. Kamaev, G. Kaur, A. Kemp, I. Kochanek, M. Kuźniak, M. Lai, S. Langrock, B. Lehnert, A. Leonhardt, N. Levashko, X. Li, J. Lidgard, T. Lindner, M. Lissia, J. Lock, G. Longo, I. Machulin, A. B. McDonald, T. McElroy, T. McGinn, J. B. McLaughlin, R. Mehdiyev, C. Mielnichuk, J. Monroe, P. Nadeau, C. Nantais, C. Ng, A. J. Noble, E. O’Dwyer, G. Oliviéro, C. Ouellet, S. Pal, P. Pasuthip, S. J. M. Peeters, M. Perry, V. Pesudo, E. Picciau, M.-C. Piro, T. R. Pollmann, E. T. Rand, C. Rethmeier, F. Retière, I. Rodríguez-García, L. Roszkowski, J. B. Ruhland, E. Sánchez-García, R. Santorelli, D. Sinclair, P. Skensved, B. Smith, N. J. T. Smith, T. Sonley, J. Soukup, R. Stainforth, C. Stone, V. Strickland, M. Stringer, B. Sur, J. Tang, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, S. Viel, J. Walding, M. Waqar, M. Ward, S. Westerdale, J. Willis, A. Zuñiga-Reyes, and DEAP Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The DEAP-3600 detector searches for the scintillation signal from dark matter particles scattering on a 3.3 tonne liquid argon target. The largest background comes from $$^{39}\text{ Ar }$$ 39 Ar beta decays and is suppressed using pulse-shape discrimination (PSD). We use two types of PSD estimator: the prompt-fraction, which considers the fraction of the scintillation signal in a narrow and a wide time window around the event peak, and the log-likelihood-ratio, which compares the observed photon arrival times to a signal and a background model. We furthermore use two algorithms to determine the number of photons detected at a given time: (1) simply dividing the charge of each PMT pulse by the mean single-photoelectron charge, and (2) a likelihood analysis that considers the probability to detect a certain number of photons at a given time, based on a model for the scintillation pulse shape and for afterpulsing in the light detectors. The prompt-fraction performs approximately as well as the log-likelihood-ratio PSD algorithm if the photon detection times are not biased by detector effects. We explain this result using a model for the information carried by scintillation photons as a function of the time when they are detected.

Published
2021
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8. The liquid-argon scintillation pulseshape in DEAP-3600

Author

DEAP Collaboration, P. Adhikari, R. Ajaj, G. R. Araujo, M. Batygov, B. Beltran, C. E. Bina, M. G. Boulay, B. Broerman, J. F. Bueno, A. Butcher, B. Cai, M. Cárdenas-Montes, S. Cavuoti, Y. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, J. M. Corning, S. J. Daugherty, P. Di Stefano, K. Dering, L. Doria, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, A. Erlandson, N. Fatemighomi, G. Fiorillo, A. Flower, R. J. Ford, R. Gagnon, D. Gallacher, E. A. Garcés, P. García Abia, S. Garg, P. Giampa, D. Goeldi, V. V. Golovko, P. Gorel, K. Graham, D. R. Grant, A. Grobov, A. L. Hallin, M. Hamstra, P. J. Harvey, C. Hearns, A. Ilyasov, A. Joy, C. J. Jillings, O. Kamaev, G. Kaur, A. Kemp, I. Kochanek, M. Kuźniak, S. Langrock, F. La Zia, B. Lehnert, N. Levashko, X. Li, O. Litvinov, J. Lock, G. Longo, I. Machulin, P. Majewski, A. B. McDonald, T. McElroy, T. McGinn, J. B. McLaughlin, R. Mehdiyev, C. Mielnichuk, J. Monroe, P. Nadeau, C. Nantais, C. Ng, A. J. Noble, G. Oliviéro, C. Ouellet, S. Pal, P. Pasuthip, S. J. M. Peeters, V. Pesudo, M.-C. Piro, T. R. Pollmann, E. T. Rand, C. Rethmeier, F. Retière, E. Sanchez García, T. Sánchez-Pastor, R. Santorelli, N. Seeburn, P. Skensved, B. Smith, N. J. T. Smith, T. Sonley, R. Stainforth, C. Stone, V. Strickland, M. Stringer, B. Sur, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, L. Veloce, S. Viel, J. Walding, M. Waqar, M. Ward, S. Westerdale, J. Willis, and A. Zuñiga-Reyes

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract DEAP-3600 is a liquid-argon scintillation detector looking for dark matter. Scintillation events in the liquid argon (LAr) are registered by 255 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), and pulseshape discrimination (PSD) is used to suppress electromagnetic background events. The excellent PSD performance of LAr makes it a viable target for dark matter searches, and the LAr scintillation pulseshape discussed here is the basis of PSD. The observed pulseshape is a combination of LAr scintillation physics with detector effects. We present a model for the pulseshape of electromagnetic background events in the energy region of interest for dark matter searches. The model is composed of (a) LAr scintillation physics, including the so-called intermediate component, (b) the time response of the TPB wavelength shifter, including delayed TPB emission at $${\mathcal {O}}$$ O (ms) time-scales, and c) PMT response. TPB is the wavelength shifter of choice in most LAr detectors. We find that approximately 10% of the intensity of the wavelength-shifted light is in a long-lived state of TPB. This causes light from an event to spill into subsequent events to an extent not usually accounted for in the design and data analysis of LAr-based detectors.

Published
2020
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9. Molecular responses to drought stress in plants

Author

G. Kaur and B. Asthir

Subjects
abscisic acid, aquaporins, calcium, dehydrins, late embryogenesis abundant proteins, reactive oxygen species, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Plant ecology, QK900-989
Abstract

Drought is a severe environmental constraint to plant productivity. Being a multidimensional stress, it triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from physiological, biochemical to molecular levels. One of the inevitable consequences of drought stress is an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in different cellular compartments, namely the chloroplasts and mitochondria. This enhanced ROS production is, however, kept under tight control by a versatile and cooperative antioxidant system that modulates intracellular ROS content and sets the redoxstatus of the cell. Furthermore, ROS production under stresses functions as an alarm signal that triggers defence or acclimation. Specific signal transduction pathways involve, e.g., H2O2 as a secondary messenger. ROS signalling under drought is linked to abscisic acid (ABA) and Ca2+ fluxes. At molecular levels, several drought-responsive genes, transcription factors, aquaporins, late embryogenesis abundant proteins, heat shock proteins, and dehydrins have been identified. This review discusses recent understanding on molecular responses and protective mechanisms of drought stress.

Published
2017
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10. Potential therapeutic roles of stem cells in ischemia-reperfusion injury

Author

M. Barzegar, G. Kaur, F.N.E. Gavins, Y. Wang, C.J. Boyer, and J.S. Alexander

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI), produced by an initial interruption of organ blood flow and its subsequent restoration, contributes significantly to the pathophysiologies of stroke, myocardial infarction, renal I/RI, intestinal I/RI and liver I/RI, which are major causes of disability (including transplant failure) and even mortality. While the restoration of blood flow is required to restore oxygen and nutrient requirements, reperfusion often triggers local and systemic inflammatory responses and subsequently elevate the ischemic insult where the duration of ischemia determines the magnitude of I/RI damage. I/RI increases vascular leakage, changes transcriptional and cell death programs, drives leukocyte entrapment and inflammation and oxidative stress in tissues. Therapeutic approaches which reduce complications associated with I/RI are desperately needed to address the clinical and economic burden created by I/RI. Stem cells (SC) represent ubiquitous and uncommitted cell populations with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into one or more developmental ‘fates’. Like immune cells, stem cells can home to and penetrate I/R-injured tissues, where they can differentiate into target tissues and induce trophic paracrine signaling which suppress injury and maintain tissue functions perturbed by ischemia-reperfusion. This review article summarizes the present use and possible protective mechanisms underlying stem cell protection in diverse forms of ischemia-reperfusion. Keywords: Stem Cell, Ischemia reperfusion, Paracrine, Stroke, myocardial infarction, Intestinal IR, Retinal IR, Renal IR

Published
2019
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11. Proline: a key player in plant abiotic stress tolerance

Author

G. Kaur and B. Asthir

Subjects
cross tolerance, free radicals, glutamate, ornithine, pentose phosphate pathway, proline metabolism, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Plant ecology, QK900-989
Abstract

Dramatic accumulation of proline is a common physiological response in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. Accumulation of proline could be due to de novo synthesis, decreased degradation, lower utilization, or hydrolysis of proteins. Extensive intercellular proline transport occurs between the cytosol, chloroplasts, and mitochondria due to its compartmentalized metabolism. Although all functions of proline in stress tolerance are still a matter of debate, it is suggested that proline contributes to stabilization of sub-cellular structures, scavenging free radicals, and buffering cellular redox potential. It also chelates heavy metals, modulates cellular functions, and even triggers gene expression. Apparently, proline acts as stress-related signal exhibiting cross tolerance to a range of different stresses. Besides these significant roles, its metabolism is found to be coupled to several key pathways such as pentose phosphate, tricarboxylic acid, or urea cycles and contributes to, i.e., purine synthesis and the phenylpropanoid pathway. Although the molecular basis of regulation of proline metabolism is still largely obscure, the genetic engineering of proline content could lead to new opportunities to achieve plant stress tolerance.

Published
2015
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12. The effect of prostaglandin synthase inhibitor, aspirin on the rat intestinal membrane structure and function El efecto del inhibidor de la sintasa de prostaglandina, aspirina, sobre la estructura y función de la membrana intestinal de la rata

Author

G. Kaur, J. Kaur, N. Mittal, and S. Nath Sanyal

Subjects
Aspirina, Estudios de transporte, FTIR, Disacaridasas, Fluorescencia pireno, Aspirin, Transport studies, Disaccharidases, Pyrene fluorescence, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Aspirin at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight was found to decrease the activity of the rat intestinal brush border membrane (BBM) - associated enzymes such as the sucrase, lactase, maltase and alkaline phosphatase. Aspirin treatment also led to a decrease in the microviscosity in the native as well as the benzyl alcohol treated membrane which might be due to the lipid peroxidative damage in the membrane. Physical correlation of the membrane oxidative damage was evident as the Fourier Transformation Infra Red (FTIR) study of the Aspirin treated membrane, which include an increased proportion of gauche to trans conformer, shift in the methylene C-H asymmetric and symmetric stretching frequencies, C = O double bond stretching, NH bending, antisymmetric (N)-CH3 bending, C-N stretching and antisymmetric CNC stretching while there was no change in the CH2 wagging and twisting as well as in NH-bending amide bond I and II. Aspirin treatment also caused an alteration in the glucose and histidine transport, as evident by a decreased Vmax value while the apparent Km remaining unchanged in the control and Aspirin-treated animals confirming that there was no change in the substrate affinity constant of the membrane transport proteins for the glucose and the basic amino acid, although the rate of transport decreased considerably. There was a decrease noted in the energy of activation of glucose and histidine transport when studied at different temperature but no change in the temperature of phase transition in the BBM with Aspirin treatment, thus implying that perhaps the thermotropic phase transition in the membrane may have relatively little effect on the transport processes. The result suggests an underlying molecular mechanism indicating the implied membrane damage by Aspirin, an important member of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) family which could possibly through an oxidative damage may lead to an altered molecular structure, physical state and biological functions of the intestinal membrane.Se encontró que la aspirina a una dosis de 50 mg/kg de peso corporal disminuye la actividad de las enzimas asociadas a la membrana con borde en cepillo (MBC) del intestino de la rata como la sucrasa, lactasa, maltasa y fosfata alcalina. El tratamiento con aspirina también produjo una disminución de la microviscosidad en la membrana nativa así como en la membrana tratada con alcohol bencílico, lo que podría deberse a la lesión de peroxidación lipídica de la membrana. La correlación física de la lesión oxidativa de la membrana fue evidente como mostró el estudio Fourier Transformation Infra Red (FTIR) de la membrana tratada con aspirina, que incluía un aumento en la proporción de la conformación levo a trans, un cambio en las frecuencias de estiramiento metileno C-H asimétrico y simétrico, el estiramiento de los dobles enlaces C = O, la curvatura NH, la curvatura anti-simétrica (N)-CH3, el estiramiento C-N y el estiramiento anti-simétrico CNC, mientras que no hubo cambios en el movimiento y retorcimiento CH2 ni en la curvatura NH del enlace amida I y II. El tratamiento con aspirina también produjo una alteración en el transporte de glucosa e histidina, como se evidenció por una disminución del valor de la Vmax mientras que la Km aparente permaneció inalterada en los animales control y tratados con aspirina, lo que confirma que no hubo cambios en la constante de afinidad por el sustrato de las proteínas transportadoras de membrana para la glucosa y el aminoácido básico, si bien la tasa de transporte disminuyó considerablemente. Se apreció un descenso en la energía de activación del transporte de glucosa e histidina cuando se estudiaron a temperaturas distintas, pero no hubo cambios en la temperatura de la fase de transición de la MBC con el tratamiento con aspirina, lo que implica que quizás la fase de transición termotrópica en la membrana pudiera tener un efecto relativamente pequeño sobre los procesos de transporte. El resultado sugiere un mecanismo molecular subyacente lo que indica el daño implícito de la membrana por la aspirina, un miembro importante de la familia de fármacos antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE), que posiblemente a través de un daño oxidativo podría producir una alteración de la estructura molecular, del estado físico y de las funcionesbiológicas de la membrana intestinal.

Published
2010

14. Numerical Modelling of an Exterior RC Beam Column Joint Subjected to Cyclic Loading Strengthened Using UHPFRC and CFRP

Author

Q. Fayaz, G. Kaur, and P.P. Bansal

Abstract

A poorly detailed reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column joint (BCJ) is highly susceptible to damage under seismic forces due to the generation of shear stresses. Shear stresses are generated due to the continuous change in the direction of the compression and tension forces acting on the beam-column joint. As a result, the strength, stiffness and the energy dissipation of the whole structure is affected. It needs to be addressed beforehand by improving its shear, tensile and energy dissipation capacities so that the damage is minimised. So a structure needs to be strengthened prior to any major damage. In the present study the seismic performance assessment of a BCJ strengthened by a combination of ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) and carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been done analytically in ABAQUS. The seismic parameters observed are the hysteresis response, strength, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation of the specimens strengthened both by UHPFRC and CFRP. From the results it is clear that the combination of the two strengthening schemes is very efficient in increasing the peak load 2.62 times and the ductility by almost 6% of the specimens as compared to the specimens strengthened using only one scheme. Also the energy dissipation shows an increase of 7.3% in case of using the combination strengthening strategy. The rate of degradation of the strength is also reduced substantially.

Published
2022

19. Neutron-induced cross section measurements

Author

C. Massimi, O. Aberle, V. Alcayne, S. Altieri, S. Amaducci, J. Andrzejewski, V. Babiano-Suarez, M. Bacak, J. Balibrea, C. Beltrami, S. Bennett, A. P. Bernardes, E. Berthoumieux, M. Boromiza, D. Bosnar, M. Caamaño, F. Calviño, M. Calviani, D. Cano-Ott, A. Casanovas, D. M. Castelluccio, F. Cerutti, G. Cescutti, S. Chasapoglou, E. Chiaveri, P. Colombetti, N. Colonna, P. Console Camprini, G. Cortés, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, L. Cosentino, S. Cristallo, S. Dellmann, M. Di Castro, S. Di Maria, M. Diakaki, M. Dietz, C. Domingo-Pardo, R. Dressler, E. Dupont, I. Durán, Z. Eleme, S. Fargier, B. Fernández, B. Fernández-Domínguez, P. Finocchiaro, S. Fiore, V. Furman, F. GarcíaInfantes, A. Gawlik-Ramięga, G. Gervino, S. Gilardoni, E. González-Romero, C. Guerrero, F. Gunsing, C. Gustavino, J. Heyse, W. Hillman, D. G. Jenkins, E. Jericha, A. Junghans, Y. Kadi, K. Kaperoni, G. Kaur, A. Kimura, I. Knapová, M. Kokkoris, Y. Kopatch, M. Krtička, N. Kyritsis, I. Ladarescu, C. Lederer-Woods, J. Lerendegui-Marco, G. Lerner, A. Manna, T. Martínez, A. Masi, P. Mastinu, M. Mastromarco, E. A. Maugeri, A. Mazzone, E. Mendoza, A. Mengoni, V. Michalopoulou, P. M. Milazzo, R. Mucciola, F. Murtas, E. Musacchio-Gonzalez, A. Musumarra, A. Negret, A. Pérez de Rada, P. Pérez-Maroto, N. Patronis, J. A. Pavón-Rodríguez, M. G. Pellegriti, J. Perkowski, C. Petrone, E. Pirovano, J. Plaza, S. Pomp, I. Porras, J. Praena, J. M. Quesada, R. Reifarth, D. Rochman, Y. Romanets, C. Rubbia, A. Sánchez, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, P. Schillebeeckx, D. Schumann, A. Sekhar, A. G. Smith, N. V. Sosnin, M. E. Stamati, A. Sturniolo, G. Tagliente, D. Tarrío, P. Torres-Sánchez, S. Urlass, E. Vagena, S. Valenta, V. Variale, P. Vaz, G. Vecchio, D. Vescovi, V. Vlachoudis, R. Vlastou, A. Wallner, P. J. Woods, T. Wright, R. Zarrella, P. Žugec, Freeman, S., Lederer-Woods, C., Manna, A., and Mengoni, A.

Subjects
Subatomär fysik, cross section, n_TOF, neutron time of flight, Subatomic Physics, General Medicine
Abstract

Neutron-induced cross sections represent the main nuclear input to models of stellar and Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. While (n,γ) reactions are relevant for the formation of elements heavier than iron, (n,p) and (n,α) reactions can play an important role in specific cases. The time-of-flight method is routinely used at n_TOF to experimentally determine the cross section data. In addition, recent upgrades of the facility will allow the use of activation techniques as well, possibly opening the way to a systematic study of neutron interaction with radioactive isotopes. In the last 20 years n_TOF has provided a large amount of experimental data for Nuclear Astrophysics. Our plan is to carry on challenging measurements and produce nuclear data in the next decades as well.

Published
2023

20. 2021 Canadian Surgery Forum01. Design and validation of a unique endoscopy simulator using a commercial video game03. Is ethnicity an appropriate measure of health care marginalization?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcomes of diabetic foot ulceration in the Aboriginal population04. Racial disparities in surgery — a cross-specialty matched comparison between black and white patients05. Starting late does not increase the risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing common general surgical procedures06. Ethical decision-making during a health care crisis: a resource allocation framework and tool07. Ensuring stability in surgical training program leadership: a survey of program directors08. Introducing oncoplastic breast surgery in a community hospital09. Leadership development programs for surgical residents: a review of the literature10. Superiority of non-opioid postoperative pain management after thyroid and parathyroid operations: a systematic review and meta-analysis11. Timing of ERCP relative to cholecystectomy in patients with ductal gallstone disease12. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing intraoperative red blood cell transfusion strategies13. Postoperative outcomes after frail elderly preoperative assessment clinic: a single-institution Canadian perspective14. Selective opioid antagonists following bowel resection for prevention of postoperative ileus: a systematic review and meta-analysis15. Peer-to-peer coaching after bile duct injury16. Laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release: a video abstract17. Retroperitoneoscopic approach to adrenalectomy19. Endoscopic Zenker diverticulotomy: a video abstract20. Variability in surgeons’ perioperative management of pheochromocytomas in Canada21. The contribution of surgeon and hospital variation in transfusion practice to outcomes for patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a population-based analysis22. Perioperative transfusions for gastroesophageal cancers: risk factors and short- and long-term outcomes23. The association between frailty and time alive and at home after cancer surgery among older adults: a population-based analysis24. Psychological and workplace-related effects of providing surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia, Canada25. Safety of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a systematic review26. Complications and reintervention following laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis27. Synchronization of pupil dilations correlates with team performance in a simulated laparoscopic team coordination task28. Receptivity to and desired design features of a surgical peer coaching program: an international survey9. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rates of emergency department utilization due to general surgery conditions30. The impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on the exposure of general surgery trainees to operative procedures31. Association between academic degrees and research productivity: an assessment of academic general surgeons in Canada32. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for subepithelial gastric lesion: a video presentation33. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute care general surgery at an academic Canadian centre34. Opioid-free analgesia after outpatient general surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial35. Impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy or targeted therapies on surgical resection in patients with solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis37. Surgical data recording in the operating room: a systematic review of modalities and metrics38. Association between nonaccidental trauma and neighbourhood socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis39. Laparoscopic repair of a transdiaphragmatic gastropleural fistula40. Video-based interviewing in medicine: a scoping review41. Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for prevention of anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery: a cost analysis from the hospital payer’s perspective43. Perception or reality: surgical resident and faculty assessments of resident workload compared with objective data45. When illness and loss hit close to home: Do health care providers learn how to cope?46. Remote video-based suturing education with smartphones (REVISE): a randomized controlled trial47. The evolving use of robotic surgery: a population-based analysis48. Prophylactic retromuscular mesh placement for parastomal hernia prevention: a retrospective cohort study of permanent colostomies and ileostomies49. Intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a retrospective cohort study on anastomotic complications50. A lay of the land — a description of Canadian academic acute care surgery models51. Emergency general surgery in Ontario: interhospital variability in structures, processes and models of care52. Trauma 101: a virtual case-based trauma conference as an adjunct to medical education53. Assessment of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Surgical Risk Calculator for predicting patient-centred outcomes of emergency general surgery patients in a Canadian health care system54. Sustainability of a narcotic reduction initiative: 1 year following the Standardization of Outpatient Procedure (STOP) Narcotics Study55. Barriers to transanal endoscopic microsurgery referral56. Geospatial analysis of severely injured rural patients in a geographically complex landscape57. Implementation of an incentive spirometry protocol in a trauma ward: a single-centre pilot study58. Impostor phenomenon is a significant risk factor for burnout and anxiety in Canadian resident physicians: a cross-sectional survey59. Understanding the influence of perioperative education on performance among surgical trainees: a single-centre experience60. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on current and future endoscopic personal protective equipment practices: a national survey of 77 endoscopists61. Case report: delayed presentation of perforated sigmoid diverticulitis as necrotizing infection of the lower limb62. Investigating disparities in surgical outcomes in Canadian Indigenous populations63. Fundoplication is superior to medical therapy for Barrett esophagus disease regression and progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis64. Development of a novel online general surgery learning platform and a qualitative preimplementation analysis65. Hagfish slime exudate as a potential novel hemostatic agent: developing a standardized assessment protocol66. The effect of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical oncology case volumes and wait times67. Safety of same-day discharge in high-risk patients undergoing ambulatory general surgery68. External validation of the Codman score in colorectal surgery: a pragmatic tool to drive quality improvement69. Improved morbidity and gastrointestinal restoration rates without compromising survival rates for diverting loop ileostomy with colonic lavage versus total abdominal colectomy for fulminant Clostridioides difficile colitis: a multicentre retrospective cohort study70. Potential access to emergency general surgical care in Ontario71. Immersive virtual reality (iVR) improves procedural duration, task completion and accuracy in surgical trainees: a systematic review01. Clinical validation of the Canada Lymph Node Score for endobronchial ultrasound02. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients: a provincial population-based study03. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated lung cancer patients: a population-based study04. Is frailty associated with failure to rescue after esophagectomy? A multi-institutional comparative analysis of outcomes05. Routine systematic sampling versus targeted sampling of lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound: a feasibility randomized controlled trial06. Gastric ischemic conditioning reduces anastomotic complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis07. Move For Surgery, a novel preconditioning program to optimize health before thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled trial08. In case of emergency, go to your nearest emergency department — Or maybe not?09. Does preoperative SABR increase the risk of complications from lung cancer resection? A secondary analysis of the MISSILE trial10. Segmental resection for lung cancer: the added value of near-infrared fluorescence mapping diminishes with surgeon experience11. Toward competency-based continuing professional development for practising surgeons12. Stereotactic body radiotherapy versus surgery in older adults with NSCLC — a population-based, matched analysis of long-term dependency outcomes13. Role of adjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy and curative esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Evaluation of population characteristics on the incidence of thoracic empyema: an ecological study15. Determining the optimal stiffness colour threshold and stiffness area ratio cut-off for mediastinal lymph node staging using EBUS elastography and AI: a pilot study16. Quality assurance on the use of sequential compression stockings in thoracic surgery (QUESTs)17. The relationship between fissureless technique and prolonged air leak for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy18. CXCR2 inhibition as a candidate for immunomodulation in the treatment of K-RAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma19. Assessment tools for evaluating competency in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a systematic review20. Understanding the current practice on chest tube management following lung resection among thoracic surgeons across Canada21. Effect of routine jejunostomy tube insertion in esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis22. Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax following bullectomy with pleurodesis or pleurectomy: a retrospective analysis23. Surgical outcomes following chest wall resection and reconstruction24. Outcomes following surgical management of primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumours25. Does robotic approach offer better nodal staging than thoracoscopic approach in anatomical resection for non–small cell lung cancer? A single-centre propensity matching analysis26. Competency assessment for mediastinal mass resection and thymectomy: design and Delphi process27. The contemporary significance of venous thromboembolism (deep venous thrombosis [DVT] and pulmonary embolus [PE]) in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a prospective, multicentre cohort study to evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes of VTE after major esophageal resections28. Esophageal cancer: symptom severity at the end of life29. The impact of pulmonary artery reconstruction on postoperative and oncologic outcomes: a systematic review30. Association with surgical technique and recurrence after laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia: a single-centre experience31. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in esophagectomy32. Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer: trends in surgical approach and early mortality at a single institution over the past 18 years34. Adverse events and length of stay following minimally invasive surgery in paraesophageal hernia repair35. Long-term symptom control comparison of Dor and Nissen fundoplication following laparoscopic para-esophageal hernia repair: a retrospective analysis36. Willingness to pay: a survey of Canadian patients’ willingness to contribute to the cost of robotic thoracic surgery37. Radiomics in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma: a prediction tool for tumour immune microenvironments38. Effectiveness of intraoperative pyloric botox injection during esophagectomy: how often is endoscopic intervention required?39. An artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting lymph node malignancy during endobronchial ultrasound40. The effect of major and minor complications after lung surgery on length of stay and readmission41. Measuring cost of adverse events following thoracic surgery: a scoping review42. Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair: characterization by hospital and surgeon volume and impact on outcomes43. NSQIP 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index predicts morbidity but not mortality after esophagectomy44. Trajectory of perioperative HRQOL and association with postoperative complications in thoracic surgery patients45. Variation in treatment patterns and outcomes for resected esophageal cancer at designated thoracic surgery centres46. Patient-reported pretreatment health-related quality of life (HRQOL) predicts short-term survival in esophageal cancer patients47. Analgesic efficacy of surgeon-placed paravertebral catheters compared with thoracic epidural analgesia after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy: a retrospective noninferiority study48. Rapid return to normal oxygenation after lung surgery49. Examination of local and systemic inflammatory changes during lung surgery01. Implications of near-infrared imaging and indocyanine green on anastomotic leaks following colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis02. Repeat preoperative endoscopy after regional implementation of electronic synoptic endoscopy reporting: a retrospective comparative study03. Consensus-derived quality indicators for operative reporting in transanal endoscopic surgery (TES)04. Colorectal lesion localization practices at endoscopy to facilitate surgical and endoscopic planning: recommendations from a national consensus Delphi process05. Black race is associated with increased mortality in colon cancer — a population-based and propensity-score matched analysis06. Improved survival in a cohort of patients 75 years and over with FIT-detected colorectal neoplasms07. Laparoscopic versus open loop ileostomy reversal: a systematic review and meta-analysis08. Posterior mesorectal thickness as a predictor of increased operative time in rectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study09. Improvement of colonic anastomotic healing in mice with oral supplementation of oligosaccharides10. How can we better identify patients with rectal bleeding who are at high risk of colorectal cancer?11. Assessment of long-term bowel dysfunction in rectal cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study12. Observational versus antibiotic therapy for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: a noninferiority meta-analysis based on a Delphi consensus13. Radiotherapy alone versus chemoradiotherapy for stage I anal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Is the Hartmann procedure for diverticulitis obsolete? National trends in colectomy for diverticulitis in the emergency setting from 1993 to 201515. Sugammadex in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis16. Sexuality and rectal cancer treatment: a qualitative study exploring patients’ information needs and expectations on sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer treatment17. Video-based interviews in selection process18. Impact of delaying colonoscopies during the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer detection and prevention19. Opioid use disorder associated with increased anastomotic leak and major complications after colorectal surgery20. Effectiveness of a rectal cancer education video on patient expectations21. Robotic-assisted rectosigmoid and rectal cancer resection: implementation and early experience at a Canadian tertiary centre22. An online educational app for rectal cancer survivors with low anterior resection syndrome: a pilot study23. The effects of surgeon specialization on the outcome of emergency colorectal surgery24. Outcomes after colorectal cancer resections in octogenarians and older in a regional New Zealand setting — What are the predictors of mortality?25. Long-term outcomes after seton placement for perianal fistulae with and without Crohn disease26. A survey of patient and surgeon preference for early ileostomy closure following restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer — Why aren’t we doing it?27. Crohn disease independently associated with longer hospital admission after surgery28. Short-stay (≤ 1 d) diverting loop ileostomy closure can be selectively implemented without an increase in readmission and complication rates: an ACS-NSQIP analysis29. A comparison of perineal stapled rectal prolapse resection and the Altemeier procedure at 2 Canadian academic hospitals30. Mental health and substance use disorders predict 90-day readmission and postoperative complications following rectal cancer surgery31. Early discharge after colorectal cancer resection: trends and impact on patient outcomes32. Oral antibiotics without mechanical bowel preparation prior to emergency colectomy reduces the risk of organ space surgical site infections: a NSQIP propensity score matched study33. The impact of robotic surgery on a tertiary care colorectal surgery program, an assessment of costs and short-term outcomes — a Canadian perspective34. Should we scope beyond the age limit of guidelines? Adenoma detection rates and outcomes of screening and surveillance colonoscopies in patients aged 75–79 years35. Emergency department admissions for uncomplicated diverticulitis: a nationwide study36. Obesity is associated with a complicated episode of acute diverticulitis: a nationwide study37. Green indocyanine angiography for low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: a prospective before-and-after study38. The impact of age on surgical recurrence of fibrostenotic ileocolic Crohn disease39. A qualitative study to explore the optimal timing and approach for the LARS discussion01. Racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with breast cancer: a SEER-based population analysis02. First-line palliative chemotherapy for esophageal and gastric cancer: practice patterns and outcomes in the general population03. Frailty as a predictor for postoperative outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy04. Synoptic electronic operative reports identify practice variation in cancer surgery allowing for directed interventions to decrease variation05. The role of Hedgehog signalling in basal-like breast cancer07. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes in oncoplastic breast conservation surgery from a single surgeon’s practice in a busy community hospital in Canada08. Upgrade rate of atypical ductal hyperplasia: 10 years of experience and predictive factors09. Time to first adjuvant treatment after oncoplastic breast reduction10. Preparing to survive: improving outcomes for young women with breast cancer11. Opioid prescription and consumption in patients undergoing outpatient breast surgery — baseline data for a quality improvement initiative12. Rectal anastomosis and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Should we avoid diverting loop ileostomy?13. Delays in operative management of early-stage, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic — a multi-institutional matched historical cohort study14. Opioid prescribing practices in breast oncologic surgery15. Oncoplastic breast reduction (OBR) complications and patient-reported outcomes16. De-escalating breast cancer surgery: Should we apply quality indicators from other jurisdictions in Canada?17. The breast cancer patient experience of telemedicine during COVID-1918. A novel ex vivo human peritoneal model to investigate mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma (GCa)19. Preliminary uptake and outcomes utilizing the BREAST-Q patient-reported outcomes questionnaire in patients following breast cancer surgery20. Routine elastin staining improves detection of venous invasion and enhances prognostication in resected colorectal cancer21. Analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds: a new frontier in colon cancer screening and surveillance22. A clinical pathway for radical cystectomy leads to a shorter hospital stay and decreases 30-day postoperative complications: a NSQIP analysis23. Fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients: a population-based study24. Investigating factors associated with postmastectomy unplanned emergency department visits: a population-based analysis25. Impact of patient, tumour and treatment factors on psychosocial outcomes after treatment in women with invasive breast cancer26. The relationship between breast and axillary pathologic complete response in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer01. The association between bacterobilia and the risk of postoperative complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy02. Surgical outcome and quality of life following exercise-based prehabilitation for hepatobiliary surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis03. Does intraoperative frozen section and revision of margins lead to improved survival in patients undergoing resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis04. Prolonged kidney procurement time is associated with worse graft survival after transplantation05. Venous thromboembolism following hepatectomy for colorectal metastases: a population-based retrospective cohort study06. Association between resection approach and transfusion exposure in liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer07. The association between surgeon volume and use of laparoscopic liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer08. Immune suppression through TIGIT in colorectal cancer liver metastases09. 'The whole is greater than the sum of its parts' — a combined strategy to reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy10. Laparoscopic versus open synchronous colorectal and hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer11. Identifying prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with recurrent disease following liver resection for colorectal cancer metastasis12. Modified Blumgart pancreatojejunostomy with external stenting in laparoscopic Whipple reconstruction13. Laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: a single centre’s initial experience with introduction of a novel surgical approach14. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: a single-centre cohort analysis15. Thermal ablation and telemedicine to reduce resource utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic16. Cost-utility analysis of normothermic machine perfusion compared with static cold storage in liver transplantation in the Canadian setting17. Impact of adjuvant therapy on overall survival in early-stage ampullary cancers: a single-centre retrospective review18. Presence of biliary anaerobes enhances response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma19. How does tumour viability influence the predictive capability of the Metroticket model? Comparing predicted-to-observed 5-year survival after liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma20. Does caudate resection improve outcomes in patients undergoing curative resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis21. Appraisal of multivariable prognostic models for postoperative liver decompensation following partial hepatectomy: a systematic review22. Predictors of postoperative liver decompensation events following resection in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based study23. Characteristics of bacteriobilia and impact on outcomes after Whipple procedure01. Inverting the y-axis: the future of MIS abdominal wall reconstruction is upside down02. Progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum: a single-centre retrospective study03. The role of radiologic classification of parastomal hernia as a predictor of the need for surgical hernia repair: a retrospective cohort study04. Comparison of 2 fascial defect closure methods for laparoscopic incisional hernia repair01. Hypoalbuminemia predicts serious complications following elective bariatric surgery02. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band migration inducing jejunal obstruction associated with acute pancreatitis: aurgical approach of band removal03. Can visceral adipose tissue gene expression determine metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery?04. Improvement of kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease and severe obesity after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis05. A prediction model for delayed discharge following gastric bypass surgery06. Experiences and outcomes of Indigenous patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a mixed-methods scoping review07. What is the optimal common channel length in revisional bariatric surgery?08. Laparoscopic management of internal hernia in a 34-week pregnant woman09. Characterizing timing of postoperative complications following elective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy10. Canadian trends in bariatric surgery11. Common surgical stapler problems and how to correct them12. Management of choledocholithiasis following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

M. Connell, W. Lin, A. Jarrar, A. Mierzwa, J. Shiroky, Z. Cloutier, F. Deaninck, W. He, Y. Lee, S. Keshavjee, M. Fortin, C. McLean, M. Melland-Smith, J. Frigault, G. Chartrand, N. Zuker, S. Elbekri, Z. Mir, R. Gilbert, V. Smith, H. Shrader, Y. Essaji, A. Webb, J. Glinka, E. Waugh, L. Park, M. Lund, M. Lemke, D. Henault, J. Zuckerman, N. Hanna, F. Reyna-Sepulveda, T. Lenet, K. Verhoeff, M. Parapini, D. Lim, S. Langer, D. Nguyen, C. Mardinger, A. Allard-Coutu, D. Cyr, K. Allen, D. Ng, L. Cadili, H. Kapur, S. Mysuria, É. Di Lena, V. Pravong, A. Alqaydi, A. Hunter-Smith, N. Gagnon, A. DiPasquale, W. Marini, M. Jacobson, V. Li, S. Merchant, A. Azin, R. Szwimer, N. Kasteel, E. Papillon, N. Alghaithi, M. Hegagi, Z. Harra, V. Wiseman, E. Salama, J. Moon, H. Roy, J. Liang, Z. Bayat, N. Caminsky, M.K. Motamedi, R. Ruxton, O. AlAamer, O. Monton, M. Li, C. Brown, J. Holland, R. Selvam, V. Brissette, T. McKechnie, H. AlSulaim, G. Talwar, R. Garfinkle, K. Purich, R. Hajjar, C. Cahill, G. Johnson, A. Bruinooge, K. Graham, H. Wang, M. Robinson, V. Gupta, E. Peters, L. Qu, D. Jones, C. Finley, I. Churchill, N. Hunka, M. Kaafarani, Y. Patel, D. Le Nguyen, S. Abdul, M. Humer, D. Sisson, A. Al Rawahi, C. Huynh, B. Greenberg, Y. Shargall, S. Turner, A. Alghamedi, V. Resende, S. Brophy, L. Esther, A. Kammili, M. De Meo, R. Razzak, N. Mistry, R. Nayak, D. Hirpara, J. Alaichi, A. Ednie, M. Abbas, U. Jogiat, K. Sullivan, G. Akhtar-Danesh, R. He, L. Lan, K. Larsen, M. Abou Khalil, K. Guidolin, G. Pang, J. Drung, C. Li, H. Wilson, N. Patro, E. Schmitz, W. Sun, R. Liu, C. Dwyer, R. Raskin, R. Wigen, K. Singh, G. Skelhorne-Gross, A. Rosenzveig, H. Muaddi, K. Ren, A. Lee, E. Walser, H. Forbes, C. Kruse, P.E. Serrano Aybar, U. Do, D. Skubleny, A. Fecso, A. Miles, S. Balvardi, L. Lee, L. Kerr, L. Glass, K. D’Souza, M. Nguyen, A. Zhu, K. Nabata, E. Ertel, R. Guo, J. Gentles, F. Shariff, K. Hickey, A. Vergis, B. Unger, J. Park, L. Gillman, D. Pace, K. Lam-Tin-Cheung, S. Chadi, F. Quereshy, J. Catton, B. Rubin, J. Bell, J. Marangos, A. Heesters, T. Stuart-McEwan, F. Wright, N. Ahmed, A. Nadler, J. Hallet, L. Chen, H. Hwang, R. Sidhu, T. Scott, A. Karimuddin, A. Nguyen, J. Osborn, S. Wiseman, L. Baker, M. Vered, A. Zahrai, R. Shorr, A. Davis, D. McIsaac, A. Tinmouth, D. Fergusson, G. Martel, S. Rummel, M. Stefic-Cubic, M. Stewart, A. Melck, T. Anpalagan, S. Ichhpuniani, K. Ramji, C. Eskicioglu, S. Deng, B. Greene, M. Tsang, V. Palter, S. Jayaraman, A. Mann, J. Tittley, M. Cadeddu, A. Madani, J. Pasternak, D. Hong, A. Istl, E. Tang, D. Gray, N. Coburn, J. Callum, R. McLeod, E. Pearsall, Y. Lin, A. Turgeon, A. Mahar, P. Kriviraltcheva-Kaneva, J. Cools-Lartigue, L. Ferri, C. Mueller, B. Haas, B. Tillman, M. Guttman, T. Chesney, V. Zuk, A. Hsu, W. Chan, R. Vasdev, L. Cadili J. Ling, R. Warburton, M. Hameed, H. Williamson, P. Murphy, K. Leslie, J. Hawel, S. Zablotny, H. Roldan, X. Jiang, B. Zheng, J. Fiore, L. Feldman, G. Fried, S. Valanci, J. Cipolla, P. Kaneva, S. Demyttenaere, M. Boutros, M. Alhashemi, J. Shapiro, D. Bigam, J. Kung, J. Mosko, P. Hamilton, S. Ghosh, S. Widder, D. Schiller, C. El Kefraoui, M. Pook, N. Barone, H. Montgomery, P. Nguyen-Powanda, F. Rajabiyazdi, H. Elhaj, M. Lapointe-Gagner, G. Olleik, A. Antoun, N. Safa, E. Di Lena, S. Meterissian, A. Meguerditchian, F. Lee, G. Baldini, S. Parpia, L. Ruo, K. Tywonek, S. Lee, C. O’Neill, N. Faisal, A. Alfayyadh, M. Gundayao, B.M. Meyers, R. Habashi, M. Levin, K. Aldrich, T. Grantcharov, A. Langerman, R. Anantha, V. Fawcett, A. Hetherington, M. Gervais, G. Rakovich, R. Hu, R. Musselman, I. Raiche, H. Moloo, A. Elnahas, N. Alkhamesi, A. Alnumay, C. Schlachta, C. Zhang, S. Cristancho, M. Ott, B. Niu, F. Balaa, N. Gawad, Y. Qiu, K. Hamann, N. How, C. Leveille, A. Davidson, A. Eqbal, Y. Sardiwalla, M. Korostensky, E. Lee, I. Yang, T. Stukel, C. de Mestral, A. Nathens, P. Karanicolas, S. Lemieux, D. Breton, P. Bouchard, A. Bouchard, R. Grégoire, F. Letarte, G. Bouchard, S. Drolet, S. Avoine, J. Gagné, C. Thibault, N. Jutras Bouthillette, M. Gosselin, T. Stuleanu, N. Kolozsvari, R. Nenshi, A. Jerath, D. Gomez, T. Amir, E. Liu, S. Farquharson, R. Mao, J. Yan, R. Tin, R. Brisebois, N. Bradley, L. Hartford, J. Van Koughnett, K. Vogt, R. Hilsden, N. Parry, L. Allen, J. Jones, K. Neumann, M. Strickland, D. O’Dochartaigh, K. Lobay, A. Kabaroff, E. Chang, J. Beck, J. Davidson, S. Jones, T. Van Hooren, M. El Hafid, J. Dang, V. Mocanu, G. Lutzak, R. Sultanian, C. Wong, S. Karmali, M. Petrera, M. Pickell, R. Auer, B. Li, N. Switzer, A. Al Hinai, A. Cieply, H. Hawes, E. Joos, A. Saleh, P. Engels, M. Kwong, J. Ellsmere, D. Chang, M. Hutter, R. Spence, C. Vasilevsky, N. Morin, Y. Longtin, S. Liberman, P. Montpetit, M. Poirier, K. Mukherjee, H. Sebajang, R. Younan, F. Schwenter, E. De Broux, A. Beckett, J. Nantais, J. Kay, R. Lohre, O. Ayeni, D. Goel, D. de SA, D. Hylton, E. Bedard, S. Johnson, B. Laing, A. Valji, W. Hanna, N. Akhtar-Danesh, B. Kidane, J. Limbachia, F. Farrokhyar, G. Leontiadis, F. Xie, A. Seely, J. Spicer, K. Yasufuku, M. Beauchamp, J. Wald, L. Mbuagbaw, J. Agzarian, C. Fahim, O. Olaiya, H. Begum, D. Palma, A. Warner, R. Malthaner, D. Fortin, M. Qiabi, T. Nguyen, A. Louie, G. Rodrigues, B. Yaremko, J. Laba, R. Inculet, B. Mador, H. Lai, J. White, M. Kim, G. Darling, M. Rousseau, Y. Samarasinghe, M. Lee, L. Thiru, O. Levine, R. Juergens, S. Brogly, W. Li, D. Lougheed, D. Petsikas, A. Gatti, C. Anestee, S. Gilbert, S. Sundaresan, P. Villeneuve, D. Maziak, A. Ashrafi, N. Tregobov, N. Hassanzadeh, S. Stone, A. Panjwani, T. Bong, R. Bond, A. Hafizi, R. Rayes, S. Milette, M. Vagai, M. Usatii, A. Chandrasekaran, B. Giannias, F. Bourdeau, V. Sangwan, N. Bertos, C. Moraes, S. Huang, D. Quail, L. Walsh, S. Camilleri-Broet, P. Fiset, E. Bilgic, A. Quaiattini, M. Maurice-Ventouris, S. Najmeh, J. Lu, R. Malhan, K. Brennan, D. French, M. Momtazi, O. Solaja, L. Donahoe, P. Bedard, A. Hansen, M. De Perrot, A. Simone, J. Huang, S. Murthy, J. Lin, H. Li, M. Crowther, L. Linkins, E. Lau, L. Schneider, J. Douketis, C. Allen-Avodabo, L. Davis, H. Zhao, C. Sirois, D. Mulder, S. Aftab Abdul, C. Anstee, E. Delic, H. Sasewich, T. Islam, D. Low, M. Kay, B. Shayegan, A. Adili, F. Chouiali, N. Muthukrishnan, F. Maleki, K. Ovens, M. Gold, M. Sorin, R. Falutz, R. Forghani, R. Kennedy, R. Bigsby, S. Bharadwaj, S. Gowing, K. Pearce, S. Kumar, M. Gingrich, Z. Ahmadzai, K. Thavorn, A. Namavarian, A. Mohammed, S. Uddin, A. Behzadi, A. Brar, G. Buduhan, L. Tan, S. Srinathan, J. Levy, J. Ringash, R. Sutradhar, L. Bednarek, D. MacDonald, S. Enns, A. Tan, E. Poole, C. Pascoe, T. Karakach, A. Halayko, B. Fang, D. Birch, H. Singh, O. Hershorn, D. Hochman, R. Helewa, R. Robertson, M. Lipson, A. Afzal, A. Maclean, S. Roen, W. Buie, M. Chu, N. Amin, H. Jaffer, R. Rebello, A. Doumouras, M. Oliero, T. Cuisiniere, G. Fragoso, A. Calvé, S. Djediai, B. Annabi, C. Richard, M. Santos, Y. Zhou, S. Dodd, B. Ring, Y. Yuan, S. Dell’Aniello, S. Bhatnagar, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, P. Brassard, A. Amar-Zifkin, R. Daniel, M. Alqahtani, S. Al-Masrouri, A. Chen, A. Patel, N. Al Busaidi, M. Demian, H. MacRae, F. Alam, M. Cwintal, G. Rigas, A. Pang, D. Marinescu, M. Raval, P. Phang, A. Ghuman, S. Muncner, I. Mihajlovic, M. Dykstra, R. Snelgrove, A. Smith, N. AlSelaim, M. AlMalki, A. Al-osail, P. Manuel, F. Mohamed, S. Serahati, L. Rajendran, T. Phang, K. Alavi, I. Paquette, T. MacLean, S. Wexner, S. Steele, S. Patel, L. Bordeianou, P. Sylla, E. Kennedy, C. Victor, A. Govindarajan, Z. Baig, A. Karimmudin, D. Gill, N. Ginther, F. Alrashid, L. Zhang, P. MacDonald, S.M. Merchant, K. Wattie Barnett, A. Caycedo-Marulanda, S.V. Patel, G. Kaur, S. Bindra, A. Malhotra, C. Graham, A. MacLean, P. Beck, H. Jijon, J. Ferraz, W. Kong, B. Gyawali, T. Hanna, W. Chung, S. Nanji, C. Booth, A. Awan, P. Serrano, M. Chanco, V. Wen, N. Singh, L. Peiris, J. Pasieka, P. Ghatage, D. Buie, A. Bouchard-Fortier, L. Mack, W. Zheng, C. Swallow, M. Reedijk, Z. Prus-Czrnecka, L. Delmar, R. Villiard, É. Martel, A. Cadrin-Chênevert, É. Ledoux, C. Racicot, A. Bazzarelli, J. Pao, M. Zhang, E. McKevitt, U. Kuusk, N. Van Laeken, E. Bovill, K. Isaac, C. Dingee, C. Cuthbert, K. Fergus, L. Barbera, Y. Efegoma, D. Howell, S. Isherwood, N. Levasseur, A. Scheer, C. Simmons, A. Srikantham, C. Temple-Orberle, Y. Xu, K. Metcalfe, M. Quan, J. la, G. Digby, A. Brind’Amour, L. Sidéris, P. Dubé, L. De Guerke, S. Fortin, M. Auclair, B. Trilling, J. Tremblay, B. Hopkins, S. Wong, S. Dumitra, A. Bazarelli, K. DeGirolamo, A. Ali, D. Eymae, K. Lee, S. Brar, J. Conner, M. Magalhaes, C. Baliski, A. Sari, D. Messenger, D. Driman, N. Assarzadegan, A. Juda, M. Brar, R. Kirsch, A. Lamontagne, Y. Gamache, C. Lee, R. Duckworth, M. Brindle, F. Fraulin, L. Austen, J. Kortbeek, M. Hyndman, G. Jamjoum, Y. Yuan Xu, S. Kong, H. Retrouvey, I. Kerrebijn, K. Butler, A. O’Neill, T. Cil, T. Zhong, S. Hofer, D. McCready, N. Look Hong, J. Skipworth, A. Mah, S. Desai, S. Chung, C. Scudamore, M. Segedi, E. Vasilyeva, J. Li, P. Kim, A. Deprato, K. Dajani, R. Smoot, C. Tzeng, F. Rocha, L. Yohanathan, S. Cleary, K. Bertens, D. Badrudin, B. Gala-Lopez, X. Wei, Y. Kaliwal, A. Wei, B. Barrette, S. Pelletier, P. Thebault, E. Beaudry-Simoneau, Z. Rong, M. Plasse, A. Roy M. Dagenais, R. Létourneau, R. Lapointe, F. Vandenbroucke-Menu, B. Nguyen, G. Soucy, S. Turcotte, D. Quan, A. Skaro, G. Jada, J. Daza, H. Msallak, B. Zhang, A. Workneh, S. Faisal, R. Faisal, M. Fabbro, C. Gu, M. Claassen, G. Sapisochin, D. Breadner, S. Welch, E. Lester, A. Shapiro, D. Eurich, A. Nayyar, M. Suraju, S. Williams-Perez, P. Ear, C. Chan, M. Rivers-Bowerman, A. Costa, A. Stueck, N. Campbell, S. Allen, H. Golding, S. McKeown, J. Flemming, P. Groome, M. Djerboua, E. Girard, P. Morency-Potvin, M. Dagenais, A. Roy, R. Letourneau, E. Simoneau, M. Oakley, B. Misheva, Y. Bendavid, L. Smith, J. Tan, U. Kahn, X. Paré, A. Doyon, K. Schwenger, J. Yadav, S. Fischer, T. Jackson, J. Allard, A. Okrainec, S. Anvari, O. Lovrics, I. Aditya, A. Khondker, M. Walsh, K. Hardy, R. Romanescu, J. Linton, M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, G. Shingoose, M. Zmudzinski, V. Archer, J. Abu Halimah, V. Boudreau, G. Marcil, A. Hardy-Henry, and J. Hagen

Subjects
Surgery
Published
2021

23. Amyloidosis-related echo features and mortality in patients with multiple myeloma

Author

Z Cui, F Castagna, W Hanif, S Apple, L Zhang, J Tauras, I Braunschweig, G Kaur, M Janakiram, Y Wang, Y Fang, P A Pellikka, M J Garcia, N Shah, and L Slipczuk

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Background/Introduction Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are at increased risk of developing AL amyloidosis. It was determined by screening fat pad and bone marrow biopsy that 38% MM patients had amyloidosis at time of diagnosis and the majority were asymptomatic (1). However, whether amyloidosis-related echo features in MM affect survival remains unknown (1, 2). Purpose The goals of our study are to: 1) characterize prevalence of amyloidosis-related echo features in patients with multiple myeloma, 2) investigate whether decrease in longitudinal strain affect survival outcomes. Methods Patients diagnosed with MM between Jan 1, 2000 and Dec 31, 2017 at our institution were identified through Clinical Looking Glass. Those with echo within 1 year after myeloma diagnosis and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) greater than 40% were included. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LVEF measurements were done using EchoGo (Ultromics, Oxford, UK). The average of GLS obtained from apical 4-chamber and apical 2-chamber views was used for analysis, with decreased GLS defined as absolute value less than 18%. Statistical analysis was conducted with STATA13, using Chi square test and Kruskal-Wallis for univariable analysis and Cox regression model for survival analysis. Results From a total cohort of 909 patients, 252 met inclusion criteria, of which 59 (23.4%) patients had decreased average GLS (see Table 1). Patients' mean age was 63±11 years, 44.8% were male and most were Black (42.7%) and the rest Hispanic (33.3%) and White (7.9%). Median follow up time was 4.25 years. The group with decreased GLS had lower percentage of females (22% vs 51.8%, p Among patients with decreased GLS, five-year mortality rate was 63.3% compared to 46.0% in those with preserved GLS (p Forty-seven (18.6%) patients had end diastolic inter-ventricular septum (IVSd) thickness ≥1.2cm. Median GLS in patients with increased IVSd thickness was 19% compared to 21% in those without (p=0.01). Nine patients had the apical sparing strain pattern for amyloidosis. Total of 158 patients had bone marrow specimen stained with Congo-red with 7 (4.4%) testing positive. Median GLS was 19% in the group staining positive for Congo-red compared 21% in the group with negative stain (p=0.03). Conclusions Decrease in GLS on baseline echo correlates with increased mortality in patients with MM and may be due to subclinical cardiac amyloidosis. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Published
2022

25. Status of Phenolic Metabolism and Glutathione Detoxification Pathway in Waterlogged Maize as Affected by KNO3 Treatment

Author

A. Lal, K. Kaur, and G. Kaur

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Chemistry, Glutathione peroxidase, food and beverages, Plant Science, Glutathione, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, Polyphenol oxidase, chemistry.chemical_compound, Horticulture, Shoot, biology.protein, Phenols, Tyrosine ammonia-lyase, Peroxidase
Abstract

The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of potassium nitrate in the modulation of phenolic metabolism and glutathione detoxification pathway in contrasting maize genotypes, with differential response towards waterlogging stress. Waterlogging led to a higher increase in the peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, tyrosine ammonia lyase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in seedlings of the tolerant genotype, I 172 as compared to the susceptible one, LM 11. Acid and alkaline protease activities were increased in roots and shoots of both the genotypes, though, I 172 seedlings showed lower protease activity than LM 11, under stress conditions. The contents of phenols, flavonoids, ortho-dihydroxyphenols and reduced glutathione were increased in seedlings of both the genotypes. The content of H2O2 and MDA were higher in LM 11 seedlings, under stress conditions. Foliar application of KNO3 further increased the peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and tyrosine ammonia lyase activities in roots and shoots of both the genotypes with a parallel increase in the content of phenolic compounds. It reduced glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and protease activities in roots and shoots of waterlogged seedlings of both the genotypes. With the foliar treatment of potassium nitrate, the contents of GSH, H2O2 and MDA decreased in roots and shoots of I 172 seedlings at both the growth stages. It may be suggested that both K+ and $${\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ ions have a significant role in improving the phenolic metabolism and glutathione detoxification pathway leading to the enhanced tolerance of maize towards waterlogging stress.

Published
2021

27. Multicentric Hospital-Based Surveillance of Pertussis Amongst Infants Admitted in Tertiary Care Facilities in India

Author

J. B. Chowdhury, A. Palani, Sarala Premkumar, P. Venkat Ramanan, Prasad S. Kulkarni, Monjori Mitra, D. Macina, Ashish Bavdekar, Sanjay Jain, Aditi Apte, G. Kaur, R. K. Shrivastava, Jugesh Chhatwal, N. Javadekar, Sonali Sanghavi, and Ranjeet Kumar

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, business.industry, Apnea, Pharmacy, Disease, medicine.disease, Vaccination, Pneumonia, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Pediatric surgery, Medicine, Pertussis vaccine, medicine.symptom, business, Disease burden, medicine.drug
Abstract

To estimate the disease and economic burden of pertussis amongst hospitalised infants in India. Multicentric hospital-based surveillance study. Hospitalised infants with clinical suspicion of pertussis based on predefined criteria. Proportion of infants with laboratory-confirmed pertussis, economic burden of pertussis amongst hospitalised infants. 693 clinically suspected infants were recruited of which 32 (4.62%) infants had laboratory-confirmed pertussis. Progressive cough with post-tussive emesis (50%) and pneumonia (34%) were the common clinical presentations; apnea in young infants was significantly associated with pertussis. Infants with pertussis were more likely to be younger (median age 102.5 days vs. 157 days) and born preterm (42.9% vs 24.5%). Almost 30% infants with pertussis had not received vaccine for pertussis with 50% of these infants aged less than 2 months. Pertussis was associated with higher costs of hospitalisation, pharmacy and loss of working days by caregivers as compared to non-pertussis cases. Younger infants, those born preterm and those inadequately immunised against pertussis are at higher risk of pertussis infection. Timely childhood immunisation and introduction of maternal immunisation for pertussis can help in reducing the disease burden.

Published
2021

28. Characterization of radish leaf protein concentrates for biochemical, functional properties, antioxidant activity, mineral content and microbial stability

Author

G. Kaur and S. Bhatia

Subjects
Antioxidant, Mineral, Chemistry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine, Food science
Abstract

Leaf protein concentrate was extracted from radish leaves using heat coagulation and analyzed for its antioxidant capacity, mineral content, functional properties and microbial stability. Radish leaf protein concentrates (RLPC) constituted 48.3 % protein content and a yield of 38.51% (DW). Glutelins (42.27 %), prolamins (29.07%) and albumins (19.32 %) were found to be three major fractions of protein concentrate, while globulins (9.38%) was a minor component and their apparent molecular weights ranged between 12-60 kDa. Antioxidant activities (FRAP, ABTS and DPPH ) were higher in RLPC as compared to the isolated fractions. Among fractions, globulins and prolamins exhibited highest DPPH and FRAP activity while highest ABTS activity was associated with glutelins, respectively. Functional properties viz., water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability of the RLPC were 545, 347, 51.8 and 49.4%, respectively. The maximum solubility of RLPC was observed at pH 12 (44.64%) and the minimum solubility was observed at pH 4 (28.24%). A considerable amount of minerals were present in the RLPC, Ca and Fe being the most abundant. Microbial load of RLPC remained in acceptable limits up to 35 and 21 days of storage under refrigerated and ambient conditions, respectively. These results indicated that LPC have desirable functional properties, a considerable mineral content, high antioxidant activity and sufficient microbial stability. Thus they could be used as a functional ingredient to be incorporated in food products to supplement diet and combat protein deficiency.

Published
2021

29. A study on the adoption, innovation and current status of the ancient craft of Durrie weaving.

Author

P., Kapila and G., Kaur

Subjects
WEAVING, ARTISANS, HOUSEHOLDS, WAGES
Abstract

The craft of Durrie weaving has undergone many changes over the last few decades. This traditional craft, which was a common household practice initially, is still practiced in some districts of Punjab. The craft is learned mainly from the elders of the family as there are no formal training centres to impart the skill and preserve the art form. Majority of the respondents are involved with the craft along with the senior members of the family. Durrie, rugs and foot mats are the most common articles prepared by the artisans. High cost of production and low wages for the artisans as well as lack of a good marketing network are the major challenges faced by the respondents. Absence of attractive promotion opportunities on a regular platform is hampering the demand for these traditional products which are a part of our heritage and need to be preserved for our future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
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32. EP-565 Four different causes of bowel obstruction in single patient – case report and review of management of small bowel obstruction

Author

Ugam Shah, Simon Lau, Tasveer Javed, and G Kaur

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

Introduction The most common causes of Small bowel obstruction (SBO) in adults are adhesions, hernias, cancer, Crohn's, Diverticulitis, volvulus, etc; in children, intussusception. Overall mortality is 10%, increasing to 30% with complications. Urgent investigation, aggressive medical management and appropriate timely surgery are key to successful outcome. Aim We present a patient with 4 causes of bowel obstruction due to a single pathology, to highlight different causes and management of SBO with the aim of improving patient outcomes. Case presentation A 55 year old lady presented with SBO, and mass RIF. CT demonstrated subacute SBO. Four causes of obstruction were found at laparotomy 1. intraluminal lesion proximal jejunum 2. intussuscepting ileal lesion 3. terminal - ileal lesion perforated /adherent to pelvic side wall, and 4. RIF mass lesion from ascending colon. Right hemicolectomy + terminal ileal resection (lesions 2, 3, 4) and jejunal resection-anastomosis (lesion 1) were performed. She made a good post- operative recovery. Histology found the morphological appearances and immunoprofile were soft tissue sarcoma arising in the GIT: gastrointestinal clear cell sarcoma/ malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumour. She is under review with the specialist regional sarcoma team. Conclusion There are over 22 000 admissions for bowel obstruction in England/Wales each year; 6.4% result in death within 90 days. Depending on the cause, SBO may resolve with medical therapy but timely surgery is needed for total obstruction, complications such as bowel perforation, ischaemia, or failure of conservative therapy. Our case report highlights the importance of urgent investigations and appropriate management of SBO.

Published
2022

33. EP-555 The telescoping sigmoid – a rare presentation of acute large bowel obstruction

Author

Ali Al-Sabbagh, Shaker Alseifi, and G Kaur

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

Background Adult bowel intussusception is a rare cause of bowel obstruction (1–5%) and requires urgent treatment, usually emergency surgery. Aim We wish to highlight the diagnosis and management of the rare entity of acute bowel obstruction secondary to intussusception with our adult patient with sigmoid colon intussusception. Case presentation We present a 65 years old male who attended with constipation, abdominal discomfort and per-rectal bleeding. Clinical examination revealed multiple subcutaneous lipomas, mild LUQ tenderness and large ‘lump’ 10 cm from anal verge on rigid sigmoidoscopy. CT abdomen/pelvis showed intussusception of the sigmoid into the rectum with a large ‘polyp’ as the lead point. On- table Flexible sigmoidoscopy was unsuccessful in reducing the intussusception. We proceeded to laparotomy with reduction of intussusception, high anterior resection with end- to- end stapled anastomosis. He made an excellent recovery. Post-operative histology which was reviewed in detail in MDT did not reveal any neoplastic/lipomatous lesion to account for the intussusception. The patient was very well on outpatient review. Conclusion Adult bowel intussusception is rare (5% of all intussusceptions), especially in the left colon. When it does occur, it is usually secondary to lipoma, neoplasm, or nodal mass acting as a lead point. These patients can be diagnostically challenging due to lack of clear obstructive symptoms on presentation. Early diagnosis (via a CT scan) and treatment of adult colonic intussusception (usually via surgery) is necessary to avoid serious complications such as bowel perforation/peritonitis. Postoperative histology review is also imperative to plan any appropriate further management.

Published
2022

35. Combined Action of Salicylic Acid and Thiourea Alleviated Heat Stress in Maize by Stimulating Varied Antioxidant Response in Tissues

Author

P. Parmar, K. Kaur, and G. Kaur

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, biology, medicine.medical_treatment, Glutathione reductase, food and beverages, Plant Science, APX, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Horticulture, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Catalase, Shoot, biology.protein, medicine, Proline, Salicylic acid, 010606 plant biology & botany, Peroxidase
Abstract

The combined effect of salicylic acid (SA) and thiourea (TU) on antioxidative response was determined in maize (Zea mays L.) exposed to high temperature stress. Among the varied concentrations used, 200 µM SA + 9 mM TU improved seedling growth in CML 32 (relatively tolerant towards high temperature) and LM 11 (relatively susceptible towards high temperature) genotypes. The increased activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) in the roots of CML 32 and shoots of LM 11 seedlings may indicate that SA + TU application induced Halliwell-Asada pathway in these tissues. It might be also suggested that H2O2 detoxification was primarily carried out by SA + TU induced catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities in the roots of LM 11 and shoots of CML 32 seedlings. With foliar spray of SA + TU, proline content increased in roots of both the genotypes that might help the maize genotypes in combating heat stress by maintaining osmotic adjustments or by acting as an antioxidant. The contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in the roots and shoots of foliar sprayed seedlings of both the genotypes.

Published
2021

36. Esophageal Foreign Body in a Patient with COVID-19 Infection - A Case Report

Author

S. Mahajan, G. Kaur, K. S. Sandhu, O. Thomas, K. L. Mao, and M. Singh

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, General surgery, Esophageal foreign body, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Accidental, Medicine, Ingestion, Esophagus, Dentures, Foreign body, business, Foreign Body Ingestion
Abstract

Foreign body ingestion is not an uncommon encounter in adults, especially denture ingestion in the elderly. Dentures usually studded with wires can be categorized among sharp, irregularly shaped, and impacted foreign bodies, which necessitates their urgent removal considering their capability of triggering fatal complications if left unattended. Aerosolization procedures, especially in patients who are positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a high-risk procedure that may cause infections in health-care professionals. We hereby present the challenges faced and the protocol followed for managing the case of a 60-year-old patient with COVID-19 infection who presented with accidental denture ingestion, which manifested as a foreign body in the upper end of the esophagus.

Published
2021

44. Impact of sulphur dioxide generating pads and liners on enhancing market acceptability and post-harvest life of grapes

Author

N.K. Arora, R. Arora, and G. Kaur

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, chemistry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, chemistry.chemical_element, Environmental science, Toxicology, Pulp and paper industry, Sulfur
Abstract

Aim: To identify most suitable packaging material combination consisting of sulphur dioxide (SO2) generating pads for cold storage of grapes cv. Perletteto achieve longer storage life. Methodology: Treatments included packing of grape bunches in low density polyethylene (LDPE) film with single sheet of SO2 generating pad, LDPE with double sheet of SO2 generating and LDPE without SO2 generating pad and all these were further placed in Corrugated Fibre Board (CFB) boxes. In case of control, fruits were kept in CFB lined with newspaper only.? Results: The use of SO2 pads on berries of Perlette grapes stored under varying cold storage environments with different packaging showed significant improvements in post-harvest life. LDPE packaging with single and double sheet of SO2 generating pad expressed the lowest berry shattering and spoilage. The said combination had profound impact on prevention of stem browning of bunches. Physiological loss of weight of stored berries was minimum for LDPE packaging with single sheet of SO2 generating pads (1.56%). No differences were observed among the treatments with respect to other physico-chemical evaluations. Interpretation: The present investigations implicated that the detrimental effects on physico-chemical attributes of grape berries under cold storage can be lessened by synergistic utilization of single sheet of sulphur dioxide generating pads and low-density poly-ethylene packaging.

Published
2020

47. The liquid-argon scintillation pulseshape in DEAP-3600

Author

N. J. T. Smith, V. Strickland, M. Batygov, B. Lehnert, J. B. McLaughlin, K. Dering, I. N. Machulin, P. Garcia Abia, T. Pollmann, J. F. Bueno, D. Goeldi, C. Ng, R. Santorelli, J. M. Corning, P. Skensved, D. Gallacher, Jocelyn Monroe, M. Waqar, E. A. Garcés, F. La Zia, M. Kuźniak, C. Rethmeier, Laurelle Maria Veloce, Miguel Cárdenas-Montes, G. Fiorillo, Stefano Cavuoti, T. Sánchez-Pastor, Mark Guy Boulay, P. Pasuthip, C. Hearns, F. Retiere, C. J. Jillings, C. Ouellet, C. Nantais, B. Smith, Bei Cai, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, O. Kamaev, M. C. Piro, C. Stone, N. Levashko, A. Butcher, S. Westerdale, Darren Grant, P. Giampa, F. A. Duncan, B. Broerman, B. Beltran, N. Seeburn, O. Litvinov, P. Nadeau, A. Joy, X. Li, Monica Dunford, T. Sonley, S. Viel, A. L. Hallin, V. Pesudo, S. J. M. Peeters, N. Fatemighomi, R. Ford, P. Adhikari, E. Sanchez Garcia, Giuseppe Longo, J. Walding, P. Majewski, A. Kemp, G. Kaur, R. Ajaj, R. Mehdiyev, A. Ilyasov, S. Langrock, P. Gorel, B. T. Cleveland, Martin Ward, C. Mielnichuk, Bhaskar Sur, C. E. Bina, G. R. Araujo, P. J. Harvey, I. Kochanek, J. Lock, A. Zuñiga-Reyes, S. J. Daugherty, A. Erlandson, J. Willis, Luca Doria, S. Pal, S. Garg, E. T. Rand, V. V. Golovko, T. McGinn, T. McElroy, R. Stainforth, P. Di Stefano, A. Grobov, K. Graham, A. B. McDonald, Y. Chen, A. Flower, M. Stringer, A. J. Noble, G. Oliviéro, M. Hamstra, R. Gagnon, Adhikari, P., Ajaj, R., Araujo, G. R., Batygov, M., Beltran, B., Bina, C. E., Boulay, M. G., Broerman, B., Bueno, J. F., Butcher, A., Cai, B., Cárdenas-Montes, M., Cavuoti, S., Chen, Y., Cleveland, B. T., Corning, J. M., Daugherty, S. J., Di Stefano, P., Dering, K., Doria, L., Duncan, F. A., Dunford, M., Erlandson, A., Fatemighomi, N., Fiorillo, G., Flower, A., Ford, R. J., Gagnon, R., Gallacher, D., Garcés, E. A., García Abia, P., Garg, S., Giampa, P., Goeldi, D., Golovko, V. V., Gorel, P., Graham, K., Grant, D. R., Grobov, A., Hallin, A. L., Hamstra, M., Harvey, P. J., Hearns, C., Ilyasov, A., Joy, A., Jillings, C. J., Kamaev, O., Kaur, G., Kemp, A., Kochanek, I., Kuźniak, M., Langrock, S., La Zia, F., Lehnert, B., Levashko, N., Li, X., Litvinov, O., Lock, J., Longo, G., Machulin, I., Majewski, P., Mcdonald, A. B., Mcelroy, T., Mcginn, T., Mclaughlin, J. B., Mehdiyev, R., Mielnichuk, C., Monroe, J., Nadeau, P., Nantais, C., Ng, C., Noble, A. J., Oliviéro, G., Ouellet, C., Pal, S., Pasuthip, P., Peeters, S. J. M., Pesudo, V., Piro, M. -C., Pollmann, T. R., Rand, E. T., Rethmeier, C., Retière, F., Sanchez García, E., Sánchez-Pastor, T., Santorelli, R., Seeburn, N., Skensved, P., Smith, B., Smith, N. J. T., Sonley, T., Stainforth, R., Stone, C., Strickland, V., Stringer, M., Sur, B., Vázquez-Jáuregui, E., Veloce, L., Viel, S., Walding, J., Waqar, M., Ward, M., Westerdale, S., Willis, J., and Zuñiga-Reyes, A.

Subjects
Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, Scintillator, Wavelength shifter, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, DEAP, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, Scintillation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillation counter, lcsh:QC770-798, business
Abstract

DEAP-3600 is a liquid-argon scintillation detector looking for dark matter. Scintillation events in the liquid argon (LAr) are registered by 255 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), and pulseshape discrimination (PSD) is used to suppress electromagnetic background events. The excellent PSD performance of LAr makes it a viable target for dark matter searches, and the LAr scintillation pulseshape discussed here is the basis of PSD. The observed pulseshape is a combination of LAr scintillation physics with detector effects. We present a model for the pulseshape of electromagnetic background events in the energy region of interest for dark matter searches. The model is composed of (a) LAr scintillation physics, including the so-called intermediate component, (b) the time response of the TPB wavelength shifter, including delayed TPB emission at $${\mathcal {O}}$$O(ms) time-scales, and c) PMT response. TPB is the wavelength shifter of choice in most LAr detectors. We find that approximately 10% of the intensity of the wavelength-shifted light is in a long-lived state of TPB. This causes light from an event to spill into subsequent events to an extent not usually accounted for in the design and data analysis of LAr-based detectors.

Published
2020

48. Synthesis and Evaluation of Pyrazole Derivatives as Potent Antinemic Agents

Author

N. Jain, N. K. Dhillon, Divya Utreja, and G. Kaur

Subjects
biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Halogenation, Carbon-13 NMR, Pyrazole, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, embryonic structures, Meloidogyne incognita, Root-knot nematode, Organic chemistry
Abstract

Pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by bromination of pyrazole, followed by N-alkylation of 4-bromopyrazole. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by microanalytical data and IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectra and were evaluated for their nematicidal activity against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. The compounds were screened for their egg hatch inhibition and mortality potential, and they showed significant nematicidal activity as compared to the control. 1H-Pyrazol-5(4H)-one was found to be most effective in egg hatch inhibition, and 4-bromopyrazole was found to be most effective in juvenile mortality.

Published
2020

50. Overview of the dissemination of n_TOF experimental data and resonance parameters

Author

E. Dupont, N. Otuka, D. Rochman, G. Nogèure, O. Aberle, V. Alcayne, S. Altieri, S. Amaducci, J. Andrzejewski, V. Babiano-Suarez, M. Bacak, J. Balibrea, C. Beltrami, S. Bennett, A.P. Bernardes, E. Berthoumieux, R. Beyer, M. Boromiza, D. Bosnar, M. Caamaño, F. Calviño, M. Calviani, D. Cano-Ott, A. Casanovas, F. Cerutti, G. Cescutti, E. Chiaveri, P. Colombetti, N. Colonna, P. Console Camprini, G. Cortés, M.A. Cortés-Giraldo, L. Cosentino, S. Cristallo, S. Dellmann, M. Di Castro, S. Di Maria, M. Diakaki, M. Dietz, C. Domingo-Pardo, R. Dressler, I. Durán, Z. Eleme, S. Fargier, B. Fernández, B. Fernández-Domínguez, P. Finocchiaro, S. Fiore, V. Furman, F. García-Infantes, A. Gawlik-Ramięga, G. Gervino, S. Gilardoni, E. González-Romero, C. Guerrero, F. Gunsing, C. Gustavino, J. Heyse, W. Hillman, G.D. Jenkins, E. Jericha, A. Junghans, Y. Kadi, K. Kaperoni, G. Kaur, A. Kimura, I. Knapová, M. Kokkoris, Y. Kopatch, M. Krtička, N. Kyritsis, I. Ladarescu, C. Lederer-Woods, J. Lerendegui-Marco, G. Lerner, A. Manna, T. Martínez, A. Masi, C. Massimi, P. Mastinu, M. Mastromarco, E.A. Maugeri, A. Mazzone, E. Mendoza, A. Mengoni, V. Michalopoulou, P.M. Milazzo, R. Mucciola, F. Murtas, E. Musacchio-Gonzalez, A. Musumarra, A. Negret, A. Pérez de Rada, P. Pérez-Maroto, N. Patronis, J.A. Pavón-Rodrgíuez, M.G. Pellegriti, J. Perkowski, C. Petrone, E. Pirovano, J. Plaza, S. Pomp, I. Porras, J. Praena, J.M. Quesada, R. Reifarth, Y. Romanets, C. Rubbia, A. Sánchez-Caballero, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, P. Schillebeeckx, D. Schumann, A. Sekhar, A.G. Smith, N.V. Sosnin, M.E. Stamati, A. Sturniolo, G. Tagliente, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia, D. Taríro, P. Torres-Sánchez, E. Vagena, S. Valenta, V. Variale, P. Vaz, G. Vecchio, D. Vescovi, V. Vlachoudis, R. Vlastou, A. Wallner, P.J. Woods, T. Wright, R. Zarrella, and P. Žugec

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

The n_TOF neutron time-of-flight facility at CERN is used for nuclear data measurements. The n_TOF Collaboration works closely with the Nuclear Reaction Data Centres (NRDC) network to disseminate the experimental data through the international EXFOR library. In addition, the Collaboration helps integrate the results in the evaluated library projects. The present contribution describes the dissemination status of n_TOF results, their impact on evaluated libraries and ongoing efforts to provide n_TOF resonance parameters in ENDF-6 format for further use by evaluation projects.

Published
2023

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