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A method is proposed for determining the kinematic error in relative manipulation systems when translation and rotation with respect to Cartesian coordinate axes are added. The method is based on differentiation of the coordinates of a specific point within one module in the mobile coordinate system of another module. The differentials of the variable coordinates are approximately replaced by finite increments. The kinematic errors are determined for systems with two or three degrees of freedom.

The following paper aims to test and evaluate the accuracy of UAV data for volumetric measurements to the conventional GNSS techniques. For this purpose, an appropriate open pit quarry has been chosen. Two sets of measurements were performed. Firstly, a stockpile was measured by GNSS technologies and later other terrestrial GNSS measurements for modelling the berms of the quarry were taken. Secondly, the area of the whole quarry including the stockpile site was mapped by a UAV flight. Having considered how dynamic our world is, new techniques and methods should be presented in numerous fields. For instance, the management of an open pit quarry requires gaining, processing and storing a large amount of information which is constantly changing with time. Fast and precise acquisition of measurements regarding the process taking place in a quarry is the key to an effective and stable maintenance. In other words, this means getting an objective evaluations of the processes, using up-to-date technologies and reliable accuracy of the results. Often legislations concerning mine engineering state that the volumetric calculations are to present ±3% accuracy of the whole amount. On one hand, extremely precise measurements could be performed by GNSS technologies, however, it could be really time consuming. On the other hand, UAV photogrammetry presents a fast, accurate method for mapping large areas and calculating stockpiles volumes. The study case was performed as a part of a master thesis.

Summary Parvoviruses represent the most important infectious agents that are responsible for severe to fatal disease in carnivores. This study reports the results of a 10-year molecular survey conducted on carnivores in Bulgaria (n = 344), including 262 dogs and 19 cats with gastroenteritis, and 57 hunted wild carnivores. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), followed by virus characterization by minor groove binder (MGB) probe assays, detected 216 parvovirus positive dogs with a predominance of canine parvovirus type 2a (CPV-2a, 79.17%) over CPV-2b (18.52%) and CPV-2c (2.31%). Rottweilers and German shepherds were the most frequent breeds among CPV-positive pedigree dogs (n = 96). Eighteen cats were found to shed parvoviruses in their faeces, with most strains being characterized as FPLV (n = 17), although a single specimen tested positive for CPV-2a. Only two wild carnivores were parvovirus positive, a wolf (Canis lupus) and a red fox (Vulpes vulpes), both being infected by CPV-2a strains.

The angular dependence of the tensor Ayy and vector Ay analyzing powers in the inelastic scattering of deuterons with a momentum of 9.0 GeV/c on hydrogen and carbon have been measured. The range of measurements corresponds to the baryonic resonance excitation with masses 2.2--2.6 GeV/c^2. The Ayy data being in good agreement with the previous results demonstrate an approximate $t$ scaling up to -1.5 (GeV/c)^2. The large values of A_y show a significant role of the spin-dependent part of the elementary amplitude of the NN->NN* reaction. The results of the experiment are compared with model predictions of the plane-wave impulse approximation.

The tensor analyzing power A y y in inclusive breakup of 9.0 GeV/c deuterons on hydrogen and carbon has been measured at different emission angles of protons. The data are compared to calculations within the framework of light-front dynamics by using different deuteron wave functions. The results suggest that the relativistic deuteron structure may depend on more than one independent variable.

The invariant differential cross section, the tensor analyzing power A yy , and the vector analyzing power A y for the reaction 9Be(d, p)X are measured at an initial deuteron momentum of 4.5 GeV/c and a proton detection angle of about 80 mrad. The data obtained for the differential cross section are consistent with the results of measurements at 3.5 and 5.78 GeV/c and a proton emission angle of 2.5°. The values found for the tensor analyzing power A yy are compared with similar data obtained previously for the deuteron-fragmentation process occurring on a carbon target at various values of the initial deuteron momentum and leading to proton emission at zero angle. The data on the differential cross section for the reaction 9Be(d, p)X can be satisfactorily described within the relativistic impulse approximation by using standard deuteron wave functions; however, the approach based on this conceptual framework proves to be inadequate in dealing with data on the tensor analyzing power. These results indicate that it is necessary either to change the method for describing the relativistic deuteron or to take into account additional mechanisms.

The tensor-analyzing power A yy in inclusive breakup of 4.5 GeV/c deuterons on beryllium has been measured at ∼ 80 mr of the detected proton angle. The analyzing power remains positive up to the highest measured momentum of the proton, that is in definitive contradiction with the predictions of the existing models based on the standard deuteron wave functions. The results suggest that the deuteron structure at short distances may depend on more than one independent variable.

The tensor analyzing power Ayy and the vector analyzing power Ay for the inelastic scattering of 4.5-GeV/c deuterons on beryllium nuclei at angle of about 80 mrad are measured in the vicinity of baryon-resonance excitation. These new data, presented as a function of t, comply well with the results of previous 4.5-, 5.5-, and 9-GeV/c measurements at zero angle in overlapping regions of t; all available data are described by a unified dependence on |t| upto about 0.9 (GeV/c)2. The experimental results are compared with the results of calculations performed within the multiple-scattering model and the model involving omega-meson exchange in the t channel.

The tensor analyzing power T20 of the reaction d +A→π − (0°)+X has been measured in the fragmentation of 9 GeV tensor polarized deuterons into pions with momenta from 3.5 to 5.3 GeV/c on hydrogen, beryllium and carbon targets. This kinematic range corresponds to the region of cumulative hadron production with the cumulative variable xc from 1.08 to 1.76. The values of T20 have been found to be small and consistent with positive values. This contradicts the predictions based on a direct mechanism assuming NN collision between a high momentum nucleon in the deuteron and a target nucleon (NN→NNπ).

The tensor analyzing power A yy in inclusive breakup of 9 GeV/c deuterons on carbon has been measured at the detected proton angle of 85 mr. The analyzing power remains positive at the highest measured momentum of the proton in definite contradiction with the predictions of the existing models. The vector analyzing power A y has been obtained simultaneously with A yy .

The Ayy data for deuteron inclusive breakup off hydrogen and carbon at a deuteron momentum of 9.0 GeV/c and large Pt of emitted protons are presented. The large values of Ayy independent of the target mass reflect the sensitivity of the data to the deuteron spin structure. The data obtained at fixed $x$ and plotted versus Pt clearly demonstrate the dependence of the deuteron spin structure at short internucleonic distances on two variables. The data are compared with the calculations using Paris, CD-Bonn and Karmanov's deuteron wave functions., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, talk given at the SPIN2004 Conf., 10-16 Oct. 2004, Triest, Italy

Vector Ay and tensor Ayy analyzing powers of the inelastic scattering of deuterons with the momenta of 4.5 GeV/c on 9Be and 9 GeV/c on 1H and 12C at an angle of ∼80 mr in the vicinity of the excitation of baryonic resonances with masses between 1200 and 2200 MeV/c2 have been measured. The values of parameter Ay suggest that the role of the spin‐dependent part of the NN → NN* elementary processes is significant. The new Ayy data are in good agreement with the previous data at 4.5, 5.5 and 9 GeV/c, obtained at a zero angle, in an overlapping region of t. The results of the experiments are compared with the calculations within the PWIA and ω‐meson exchange model. The data obtained show that polarization observables of (d,d′) reaction in the vicinity of the excitation of baryonic resonances may be used to study their properties.

The data on the tensor analyzing power Ayy in the deuteron breakup reaction on hydrogen and nuclei (9Be and 12C) obtained at 9 and 4.5 GeV/c up to proton transverse momenta of ∼900 MeV/c are presented. The data demonstrate an approximate independence on the A-value of the target, as well as on the deuteron initial momentum, when they are plotted versus variables α and pT, that describe the internal motion of nucleons in the deuteron. The results suggest that a deuteron structure function at short distances may depend on more than one independent variable unlike an ordinary wave function.

Preliminary data on the tensor analyzing power A yy in breakup of 9 GeV/c deuterons on hydrogen and carbon nuclei at secondary proton transverse momenta up to ~ 900 MeV/c are presented. The results suggest that a deuteron structure function at short distances can depend on more than one independent variable unlike an ordinary wave function.

The tensor analyzing power A yy in inclusive breakup of 9 GeV/c deuterons on carbon has been measured at 85 mrad of the detected proton angle using polarized beam of the Synchrophasotron of the Laboratory for High Energies of JINR. The analyzing power A yy remains positive at the highest measured momentum of the proton in definite contradiction with the predictions based on the standard nucleon-nucleon potentials.

Tensor analyzing power T 20 of the reaction d ↑ A → π–(0°)X was measured in the fragmentation of 9 GeV deuterons into pions with momenta from 3.5 to 5.3 GeV/c on hydrogen, beryllium and carbon targets. This momentum range corresponds to the region of cumulative production with the cumulative variable x c from 1.08 to 1.76. The values of T 20 were found to be small and consistent with positive values in contradiction with the predictions based on a direct mechanism assuming N N collision between a high momentum nucleon in the deuteron and a target nucleon (N N → N N π).