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1. Recommendations for pre-symptomatic genetic testing for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis in the era of effective therapy: a multicenter Italian consensus

Author

M. Grandis, L. Obici, M. Luigetti, C. Briani, F. Benedicenti, G. Bisogni, M. Canepa, F. Cappelli, C. Danesino, G. M. Fabrizi, S. Fenu, G. Ferrandes, C. Gemelli, F. Manganelli, A. Mazzeo, L. Melchiorri, F. Perfetto, L. G. Pradotto, P. Rimessi, G. Tini, S. Tozza, L. Trevisan, D. Pareyson, and P. Mandich

Subjects
Attrv, Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis, Pre-symptomatic genetic testing, PST, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv, v for variant) is a late-onset, autosomal dominant disease caused by progressive extracellular deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils, leading to organ damage and death. For other late-onset fatal diseases, as Huntington’s disease, protocols for pre-symptomatic genetic testing (PST) are available since decades. For ATTRv, limited experience has been reported to date, mostly gathered before the availability of approved therapies. We aimed at developing recommendations for a safe and feasible PST protocol in ATTRv in the era of emerging treatments, taking also into account Italian patients’ characteristics and healthcare system rules. After an initial survey on ongoing approaches to PST for ATTRv in Italy, two roundtable meetings were attended by 24 experts from 16 Italian centers involved in the diagnosis and care of this disease. Minimal requirements for PST offer and potential critical issues were highlighted. By November 2019, 457 families affected by ATTRv with 209 molecularly confirmed pre-symptomatic carriers were counted. The median age at PST was 41.3 years of age, regardless of the specific mutation. Half of the Italian centers had a multidisciplinary team, including a neurologist, an internist, a cardiologist, a medical geneticist and a psychologist, although in most cases not all the specialists were available in the same center. A variable number of visits was performed at each site. Experts agreed that PST should be offered only in the context of genetic counselling to at risk individuals aged 18 or older. Advertised commercial options for DNA testing should be avoided. The protocol should consist of several steps, including a preliminary clinical examination, a pre-test information session, an interval time, the genetic test and a post-test session with the disclosure of the test results, in the context of an experienced multidisciplinary team. Recommendations for best timing were also defined. Protocols for PST in the context of ATTRv can be refined to offer at risk individuals the best chance for early diagnosis and timely treatment start, while respecting autonomous decisions and promoting safe psychological adjustment to the genetic result.

Published
2020
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2. Corrigendum to "The FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation of the magnetic spectrometer of the FOOT experiment" [Computer physics communications, Volume 307, (2025) 109398].

Author

Yunsheng Dong, Serena M. Valle, Giuseppe Battistoni, Ilaria Mattei, C. Finck, Vincenzo Patera, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, Giovanni Ambrosi, S. Argirò, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, M. G. Bisogni, V. Boccia, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. De Gregorio, Giovanni De Lellis, Antonio Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, M. Durante, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, E. Fiorina, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, G. Galati, L. Galli, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, A. Lauria, E. Lopez Torres, M. Magi, A. Manna, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, A. Mengarelli, A. Mereghetti, T. Minniti, A. Moggi, M. C. Montesi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, N. Pastrone, F. Peverini, F. Pennazio, C. Pisanti, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, L. Sabatini, L. Salvi, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, V. Tioukov, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, M. Toppi, A. Trigilio, G. Traini, G. Ubaldi, A. Valetti, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and S. Muraro

Published
2025
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3. The FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation of the magnetic spectrometer of the FOOT experiment.

Author

Yunsheng Dong, Serena M. Valle, Giuseppe Battistoni, Ilaria Mattei, C. Finck, Vincenzo Patera, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, M. G. Bisogni, V. Boccia, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. De Gregorio, G. De Lellis, Antonio Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, M. Durante, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, E. Fiorina, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, G. Galati, L. Galli, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, A. Lauria, E. Lopez Torres, M. Magi, A. Manna, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, A. Mengarelli, A. Mereghetti, T. Minniti, A. Moggi, M. C. Montesi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, N. Pastrone, F. Peverini, F. Pennazio, C. Pisanti, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, L. Sabatini, L. Salvi, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, Angelo Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, V. Tioukov, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, M. Toppi, A. Trigilio, G. Traini, G. Ubaldi, A. Valetti, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and S. Muraro

Published
2025
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4. Charge identification of fragments produced in 16O beam interactions at 200 MeV/n and 400 MeV/n on C and C2H4 targets

Author

G. Galati, V. Boccia, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, M. G. Bisogni, G. Bruni, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, S. Colombi, A. De Gregorio, G. De Lellis, A. Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, L. Galli, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, A. Lauria, E. Lopez Torres, M. Magi, A. Manna, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, I. Mattei, A. Mengarelli, A. Mereghetti, T. Minniti, A. Moggi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, F. Peverini, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, L. Salvi, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, V. Tioukov, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, M. Toppi, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, G. Ubaldi, A. Valetti, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and M. C. Montesi

Subjects
particle therapy, fragmentation, cross sections, nuclear emulsion detector, protons RBE, charge measurement, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Introduction: Charged Particle Therapy plays a key role in the treatment of deep-seated tumours, because of the advantageous energy deposition culminating in the Bragg peak. However, knowledge of the dose delivered in the entrance channel is limited by the lack of data on the beam and fragmentation of the target.Methods: The FOOT experiment has been designed to measure the cross sections of the nuclear fragmentation of projectile and target with two different detectors: an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments and a nuclear emulsion spectrometer for Z ≤ 3 fragments. In this paper, we analyze the data taken by exposing four nuclear emulsion spectrometers, with C and C2H4 targets, to 200 MeV/n and 400 MeV/n oxygen beams at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany), and we report the charge identification of produced fragments based on the controlled fading induced on nuclear emulsion films.Results: The goal of identifying fragments as heavy as lithium has been achieved.Discussion: The results will contribute to a better understanding of the nuclear fragmentation process in charged particle therapy and have implications for refining treatment planning in the presence of deep-seated tumors.

Published
2024
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5. Elemental fragmentation cross sections for a 16O beam of 400 MeV/u kinetic energy interacting with a graphite target using the FOOT ΔE-TOF detectors

Author

M. Toppi, A. Sarti, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, R. A Diaz, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, S. Biondi, M. G. Bisogni, M. Bon, G. Bruni, P. Carra, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. Clozza, S. Colombi, G. De Lellis, A. De Gregorio, A. Del Guerra, M. De Simoni, A. Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, V. Ferrero, E. Fiandrini, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, G. Galati, L. Galli, G. Giraudo, R. Hetzel, E. Iarocci, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A.C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, M. Laurenza, A. Lauria, E. L Torres, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, I. Mattei, A. Meneghetti, A. Mengarelli, R. Mirabelli, A. Moggi, M.C. Montesi, M.C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, F. Murtas, A. Muscato, A. Pastore, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, F. Peverini, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, V. Rosso, C. Sanelli, G. Sartorelli, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, A. Sécher, M. Selvi, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, G. Sportelli, A. Stahl, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, V. Tioukov, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, S.M. Valle, M. Vanstalle, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and M. Villa

Subjects
fragmentation, cross section, timing detectors, particle therapy, space radioprotection, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The study of nuclear fragmentation plays a central role in many important applications: from the study of Particle Therapy (PT) up to radiation protection for space (RPS) missions and the design of shielding for nuclear reactors. The FragmentatiOn Of Target (FOOT) collaboration aims to study the nuclear reactions that describe the interactions with matter of different light ions (like H1, He4, C12, O16) of interest for such applications, performing double differential fragmentation cross section measurements in the energy range of interest for PT and RPS. In this manuscript, we present the analysis of the data collected in the interactions of an oxygen ion beam of 400 MeV/u with a graphite target using a partial FOOT setup, at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research facility in Darmstadt. During the data taking the magnets, the silicon trackers and the calorimeter foreseen in the final FOOT setup were not yet available, and hence precise measurements of the fragments kinetic energy, momentum and mass were not possible. However, using the FOOT scintillator detectors for the time of flight (TOF) and energy loss (ΔE) measurements together with a drift chamber, used as beam monitor, it was possible to measure the elemental fragmentation cross sections. The reduced detector set-up and the limited available statistics allowed anyway to obtain relevant results, providing statistically significant measurements of cross sections eagerly needed for PT and RPS applications. Whenever possible the obtained results have been compared with existing measurements helping in discriminating between conflicting results in the literature and demonstrating at the same time the proper functioning of the FOOT ΔE-TOF system. Finally, the obtained fragmentation cross sections are compared to the Monte Carlo predictions obtained with the FLUKA software.

Published
2022
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6. Central nervous system involvement in two siblings affected by hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis 30 years after liver transplantation: a model for gene-silencing therapies

Author

A Di Paolantonio, A Romano, V Guglielmino, F Vitali, MA Sciarrone, G Bisogni, T Verdolotti, M Maceroni, AM Minnella, and M Luigetti

Subjects
liver transplant, Neurology, Attrv, gene-silencer, hereditary amyloid polyneuropathy, Settore MED/30 - MALATTIE APPARATO VISIVO, Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, transthyretin
Published
2023
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7. Inter-fractional monitoring of $$^{12}$$ 12 C ions treatments: results from a clinical trial at the CNAO facility

Author

M. Fischetti, G. Baroni, G. Battistoni, G. Bisogni, P. Cerello, M. Ciocca, P. De Maria, M. De Simoni, B. Di Lullo, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, A. Embriaco, V. Ferrero, E. Fiorina, G. Franciosini, F. Galante, A. Kraan, C. Luongo, M. Magi, C. Mancini-Terracciano, M. Marafini, E. Malekzadeh, I. Mattei, E. Mazzoni, R. Mirabelli, A. Mirandola, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, A. Schiavi, A. Sciubba, E. Solfaroli Camillocci, G. Sportelli, S. Tampellini, M. Toppi, G. Traini, S. M. Valle, B. Vischioni, V. Vitolo, and A. Sarti

Subjects
lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science
Abstract

The high dose conformity and healthy tissue sparing achievable in Particle Therapy when using C ions calls for safety factors in treatment planning, to prevent the tumor under-dosage related to the possible occurrence of inter-fractional morphological changes during a treatment. This limitation could be overcome by a range monitor, still missing in clinical routine, capable of providing on-line feedback. The Dose Profiler (DP) is a detector developed within the INnovative Solution for In-beam Dosimetry in hadronthErapy (INSIDE) collaboration for the monitoring of carbon ion treatments at the CNAO facility (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) exploiting the detection of charged secondary fragments that escape from the patient. The DP capability to detect inter-fractional changes is demonstrated by comparing the obtained fragment emission maps in different fractions of the treatments enrolled in the first ever clinical trial of such a monitoring system, performed at CNAO. The case of a CNAO patient that underwent a significant morphological change is presented in detail, focusing on the implications that can be drawn for the achievable inter-fractional monitoring DP sensitivity in real clinical conditions. The results have been cross-checked against a simulation study.

Published
2020
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8. Perspectives in linear accelerator for FLASH VHEE: study of a compact C-band system

Author

L. Faillace, D. Alesini, G. Bisogni, F. Bosco, M. Carillo, P. Cirrone, G. Cuttone, D. De Arcangelis, A. De Gregorio, F. Di Martino, V. Favaudon, L. Ficcadenti, D. Francescone, G. Franciosini, A. Gallo, S. Heinrich, M. Migliorati, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo, V. Patera, A. Patriarca, J. Pensavalle, F. Perondi, R. Remetti, A. Sarti, B. Spataro, G. Torrisi, A. Vannozzi, and L. Giuliano

Subjects
Radioprotection, Very-high electron energy beams for radiotherapy, High electron-beam current linear accelerators, Dosimetry, Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, FLASH effect, General Medicine, Particle Accelerators
Abstract

In order to translate the FLASH effect in clinical use and to treat deep tumors, Very High Electron Energy irradiations could represent a valid technique. Here, we address the main issues in the design of a VHEE FLASH machine. We present preliminary results for a compact C-band system aiming to reach a high accelerating gradient and high current necessary to deliver a Ultra High Dose Rate with a beam pulse duration of 3μs.The proposed system is composed by low energy high current injector linac followed by a high acceleration gradient structure able to reach 60-160 MeV energy range. To obtain the maximum energy, an energy pulse compressor options is considered. CST code was used to define the specifications RF parameters of the linac. To optimize the accelerated current and therefore the delivered dose, beam dynamics simulations was performed using TSTEP and ASTRA codes.The VHEE parameters Linac suitable to satisfy FLASH criteria were simulated. Preliminary results allow to obtain a maximum energy of 160 MeV, with a peak current of 200 mA, which corresponds to a charge of 600 nC.A promising preliminary design of VHEE linac for FLASH RT has been performed. Supplementary studies are on going to complete the characterization of the machine and to manufacture and test the RF prototypes.

Published
2022

9. FP.09 Analysis of muscle MRI of a large cohort of chronic motor neuropathy/neuronopathy patients reveals characteristic features useful for diagnosis

Author

D. Esteller, J. Morrow, D. Reyes, G. Bisogni, M. Monforte, G. Tasca, A. Alangary, C. Marini Bettolo, M. Sabatelli, G. Ramdharry, J. Alonso Perez, J. Turon Sans, M. Guglieri, A. Rossor, M. Olive, E. Bertini, V. Straub, M. Reilly, R. Rojas Garcia, and J. Díaz Manera

Subjects
Neurology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Neurology (clinical), Genetics (clinical)
Published
2022
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10. Inter-fractional monitoring in particle therapy treatments with 12C exploiting the detection of secondary particles: preliminary clinical trial results at the CNAO facility

Author

M. Fischetti, G. Battistoni, G. Bisogni, P. Cerello, M. Ciocca, M. De Simoni, B. Di Lullo, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, A. Embriaco, V. Ferrero, E. Fiorina, G. Franciosini, A.C. Kraan, C. Luongo, M. Magi, C. Mancini-Terracciano, M. Marafini, I. Mattei, R. Mirabelli, S. Muraro, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, A. Schiavi, A. Sciubba, E. Solfaroli Camillocci, G. Sportelli, S. Tampellini, M. Toppi, G. Traini, S.M. Valle, V. Vitolo, and A. Sarti

Subjects
Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published
2021
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11. The Drift Chamber detector of the FOOT experiment: Performance analysis and external calibration

Author

Lante Valeria, M. G. Bisogni, Morrocchi Matteo, Sartorelli Gabriella, Fiandrini Emanuele, Mattei Ilaria, Colombi Sofia, Kanxheri Keida, Ionica Maria, Narici Livio, Spiriti Eleuterio, Giraudo Giuseppe, Laurenza Martina, Benedetto Di Ruzza, Argirò Stefano, Tomassini Sandro, Iarocci Enzo, Maria Cristina Montesi, Traini Giacomo, Mengarelli Alberto, Y. Dong, Sportelli Giancarlo, Ferrero Veronica, Antonia Di Crescenzo, Weber Ulrich, Schiavi Angelo, Alpat Behcet, Scifoni Emanuele, Franciosini Gaia, Spighi Roberto, Silvestre Gianluigi, Barbanera Mattia, Ciarrocchi Esther, Clozza Alberto, Chiara La Tessa, Pastore Alessandra, M. Villa, M. C. Morone, Alexandrov Andrey, Sato Osamu, Donetti Marco, Galli Luca, Ridolfi Riccardo, Massimi Cristian, Pastrone Nadia, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Sciubba Adalberto, Rosso Valeria, Cerello Piergiorgio, Alberto Del Guerra, Micol De Simoni, A.C. Kraan, Marafini Michela, Leonello Servoli, Ramello Luciano, Gentile Valerio, Raul Arteche Diaz, S. M. Valle, Pullia Marco, Galati Giuliana, Raffaelli Fabrizio, Franchini Matteo, Vincenzo Patera, Fiorina Elisa, Francesconi Marco, Savazzi Simone, Finck Christian, Toppi Marco, Pennazio Francesco, Selvi Marco, Schuy Christoph, Bellinzona Elettra, Durante Marco, Placidi Pisana, Giovanni De Lellis, Sanelli Claudio, Sécher Alexandre, Belcari Nicola, Bartosik Nazar, Francesco Tommasino, Sarti Alessio, Giuseppe Battistoni, Sitta Mario, Fischetti Marta, Ambrosi Giovanni, Valeri Tioukov, Hetzel Ronja, M. Vanstalle, Carra Pietro, Stahl Achim, Zoccoli Antonio, Muraro Silvia, Moggi Andrea, Lauria Adele, Bruni Graziano, Biondi Silvia, Scavarda Lorenzo, Dong Y., Gianluigi S., Sofia C., Andrey A., Behcet A., Giovanni A., Stefano A., Arteche Diaz R., Mattia B., Nazar B., Nicola B., Elettra B., S. Biondi, Bisogni M.G., G. Bruni, Pietro C., Piergiorgio C., Esther C., Alberto C., De Lellis G., Del Guerra A., De Simoni M., Di Crescenzo A., Di Ruzza B., Marco D., Veronica F., Emanuele F., Christian F., Elisa F., Marta F., Marco F., M. Franchini., Gaia F., Giuliana G., Luca G., Valerio G., Giuseppe G., Ronja H., Enzo I., Maria I., Keida K., Kraan A.C., Valeria L., La Tessa C., Martina L., Adele L., Lopez Torres E., Michela M., Cristian M., Ilaria M., A. Mengarelli, Andrea M., Montesi M.C., Morone M.C., Matteo M., Silvia M., Livio N., Alessandra P., Nadia P., Patera V., Francesco P., Pisana P., Marco P., Fabrizio R., Luciano R., R. Ridolfi, Valeria R., Claudio S., Alessio S., G. Sartorelli, Osamu S., Simone S., Lorenzo S., Angelo S., Christoph S., Emanuele S., Adalberto S., Alexandre S., Marco S., Mario S., R. Spighi, Eleuterio S., Giancarlo S., Achim S., Sandro T., Marco T., Giacomo T., Tioukov V., Valle S.M., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Ulrich W., A. Zoccoli, Battistoni G., Servoli L., Tommasino F., Dong, Yunsheng, Gianluigi, Silvestre, Sofia, Colombi, Alexandrov, Andrey, Behcet, Alpat, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Stefano, Argirò, Arteche Diaz, Raul, Mattia, Barbanera, Nazar, Bartosik, Nicola, Belcari, Elettra, Bellinzona, Silvia, Biondi, Bisogni, Maria Giuseppina, Graziano, Bruni, Pietro, Carra, Piergiorgio, Cerello, Esther, Ciarrocchi, Alberto, Clozza, De Lellis, Giovanni, Del Guerra, Alberto, De Simoni, Micol, Di Crescenzo, Antonia, Di Ruzza, Benedetto, Marco, Donetti, Durante, Marco, Veronica, Ferrero, Emanuele, Fiandrini, Christian, Finck, Elisa, Fiorina, Marta, Fischetti, Marco, Francesconi, Matteo, Franchini, Gaia, Franciosini, Galati, Giuliana, Luca, Galli, Valerio, Gentile, Giuseppe, Giraudo, Ronja, Hetzel, Enzo, Iarocci, Maria, Ionica, Keida, Kanxheri, Kraan, Aafke Christine, Valeria, Lante, La Tessa, Chiara, Martina, Laurenza, Lauria, Adele, Lopez Torres, Ernesto, Michela, Marafini, Cristian, Massimi, Ilaria, Mattei, Alberto, Mengarelli, Andrea, Moggi, Montesi, Maria Cristina, Morone, Maria Cristina, Matteo, Morrocchi, Silvia, Muraro, Livio, Narici, Alessandra, Pastore, Nadia, Pastrone, Patera, Vincenzo, Francesco, Pennazio, Pisana, Placidi, Marco, Pullia, Fabrizio, Raffaelli, Luciano, Ramello, Riccardo, Ridolfi, Valeria, Rosso, Claudio, Sanelli, Alessio, Sarti, Gabriella, Sartorelli, Osamu, Sato, Simone, Savazzi, Lorenzo, Scavarda, Angelo, Schiavi, Christoph, Schuy, Emanuele, Scifoni, Adalberto, Sciubba, Alexandre, Sécher, Marco, Selvi, Mario, Sitta, Roberto, Spighi, Eleuterio, Spiriti, Giancarlo, Sportelli, Achim, Stahl, Sandro, Tomassini, Marco, Toppi, Giacomo, Traini, Tioukov, Valeri, Valle, Serena Marta, Vanstalle, Marie, Villa, Mauro, Ulrich, Weber, Antonio, Zoccoli, Battistoni, Giuseppe, Servoli, Leonello, Tommasino, Francesco, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Silicon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, medicine.medical_treatment, Nuclear physics, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Microstrip, Optics, nuclear physics, Silicon microstrip detector, silicon microstrip detector, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Perpendicular, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Image resolution, Physics, drift chamber, Particle therapy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Projectile, business.industry, Settore FIS/04, Settore FIS/07, Detector, chemistry, Nuclear physic, Drift chamber, business, Beam energy
Abstract

The study that we present is part of the preparation work for the setup of the FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment whose main goal is the measurement of the double differential cross sections of fragments produced in nuclear interactions of particles with energies relevant for particle therapy. The present work is focused on the characterization of the gas-filled drift chamber detector composed of 36 sensitive cells, distributed over two perpendicular views. Each view consists of six consecutive and staggered layers with three cells per layer. We investigated the detector efficiency and we performed an external calibration of the space–time relations at the level of single cells. This information was then used to evaluate the drift chamber resolution. An external tracking system realized with microstrip silicon detectors was adopted to have a track measurement independent on the drift chamber. The characterization was performed with a proton beam at the energies of 228 and 80 MeV. The overall hit detection efficiency of the drift chamber has been found to be 0 . 929 ± 0 . 008 , independent on the proton beam energy. The spatial resolution in the central part of the cell is about 150 ± 10 μ m and 300 ± 10 μ m and the corresponding detector angular resolution has been measured to be 1 . 62 ± 0 . 16 mrad and 2 . 1 ± 0 . 4 mrad for the higher and lower beam energies, respectively. In addition, the best value on the intrinsic drift chamber resolution has been evaluated to be in the range 60 − 100 μ m. In the framework of the FOOT experiment, the drift chamber will be adopted in the pre-target region, and will be exploited to measure the projectile direction and position, as well as for the identification of pre-target fragmentation events.

Published
2021
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12. In-vivo inter-fractional monitoring in particle therapy with the INSIDE in-beam PET

Author

V. Ferrero, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, A. Berti, G. Bisogni, P. Cerello, M. Ciocca, M. De Simoni, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, I. Egidi, A. Embriaco, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, G. Franciosini, A. Kraan, G. Giraudo, F. Laruina, C. Luongo, M. Magi, E. Malekzadeh, C. Mancini-Terracciano, M. Marafini, I. Mattei, E. Mazzoni, R. Mirabelli, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, A. Patera, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, A. Retico, A. Rivetti, M.D. Rolo, V. Rosso, A. Sarti, A. Schiavi, A. Sciubba, E. Solfaroli Camillocci, G. Sportelli, S. Tampellini, M. Toppi, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, S.M. Valle, F. Valvo, V. Vitolo, and R. Wheadon

Subjects
Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published
2021
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13. THE FOOT EXPERIMENT: FRAGMENTATION MEASUREMENTS IN PARTICLE THERAPY

Author

E. Bellinzona, Nadia Pastrone, Alessandro Pastore, E. López Torres, M. Selvi, L. Alunni Solestizi, Pisana Placidi, E. Iarocci, F. Ferroni, Silvia Muraro, C. La Tessa, M. C. Morone, E. Spiriti, M. Ionica, P. Cerello, Y. Dong, R. Arteche Diaz, A. Zoccoli, A. Secher, Giuliana Galati, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, Christoph Schuy, M. De Simoni, M. Vanstalle, Luciano Ramello, K. Kanxheri, Stefano Argiro, S. M. Valle, M. Donetti, M. Garbini, A. C. Kraan, R. Ridolfi, Alberto Mengarelli, Marco Durante, N. Bartosik, A. Moggi, Valeria Rosso, M. Emde, Giacomo Traini, Angelo Schiavi, F. Raffaeli, Niccolò Camarlinghi, M. Pullia, M. Francesconi, G. De Lellis, L. Scavarda, M. Franchini, Mario Sitta, M. Villa, E. Fiandrini, M. Rovituso, Ilaria Mattei, R. Faccini, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, Gabriella Sartorelli, Graziano Bruni, Matteo Morrocchi, Esther Ciarrocchi, Vincenzo Patera, A. Di Crescenzo, A. Sciubba, A. Del Guerra, G. Ambrosi, Valeri Tioukov, M. Fischetti, Veronica Ferrero, E. Scifoni, Francesco Pennazio, Livio Narici, Osamu Sato, Alessio Sarti, Adele Lauria, Francesco Tommasino, S. Colombi, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, A. Stahl, V. Gentile, S. Bianucci, R. Mirabelli, Leonello Servoli, U. Weber, Luca Galli, R. Spighi, Nicola Belcari, M. Marafini, A. Embriaco, C. Sanelli, S. Tommasini, C. Finck, Maria Cristina Montesi, P. Carra, G. Silvestre, A. Alexandrov, R. Hetzel, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Giuseppe Giraudo, A. Alexandrov, L. Alunni Solestizi, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, R. Arteche Diaz, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, E. Bellinzona, S. Bianucci, S. Biondi, M. G. Bisogni, G. Bruni, N. Camarlinghi, P. Carra, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. Clozza, S. Colombi, G. De Lellis, A. Del Guerra, M. De Simoni, A. Di Crescenzo, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, A. Embriaco, M. Emde, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, F. Ferroni, E. Fiandrini, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Galati, L. Galli, M. Garbini, V. Gentile, G. Giraudo, R. Hetzel, E. Iarocci, M. Ionica, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, V. Lante, A. Lauria, C. La Tessa, E. Lopez Torres, M. Marafini, I. Mattei, A. Mengarelli, R. Mirabelli, A. Moggi, M. C. Montesi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, L. Narici, A. Pastore, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, F. Raffaeli, L. Ramello, R. Ridolfi, V. Rosso, M. Rovituso, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, G. Sartorelli, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, A. Sécher, M. Selvi, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, G. Sportelli, A. Stahl, V. Tioukov, S. Tommasini, F. Tommasino, G. Traini, S. M. Valle, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Webe, A. Zoccoli, Alexandrov, A., Alunni Solestizi, L., Ambrosi, G., Argirò, S., Arteche Diaz, R., Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., De Lellis, G., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lopez Torres, E., Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaeli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tommasini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., and Zoccoli, A.

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Particle therapy, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, medicine.medical_treatment, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Media Technology, medicine, Fragmentation (computing), Nuclear Experiment, fragmentation, hadrotherapy, cross section, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract

Charged Particle Therapy (CPT) is a powerful radiotherapy technique for the treatment of deep-seated tumours characterized by a large dose released in the Bragg peak area (corresponding to the tumour region) and a small dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissues. The precise measurement of the fragments produced in the nuclear interactions of charged particle beams with patient tissues is a crucial task to improve the clinical treatment plans. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment is an international project, funded by the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), aimed to study the dose released by the tissues and particle beams fragmentation. The target (16O, 12C) fragmentation induced by 150-400 MeV/n proton beams will be studied via the inverse kinematic approach, where 16O and 12C therapeutic beams collide on graphite and hydrocarbon target to provide the cross section on Hydrogen. A table-top detector is being developed and it includes a drift chamber as a beam monitor upstream of the target to measure the beam direction, a magnetic spectrometer based on silicon pixel and strip detectors, a scintillating crystal calorimeter able to stop the heavier produced fragments, and a ΔE detector, with TOF capability, for the particle identification. A setup based on the concept of the “Emulsion Cloud Chamber”, coupled with the interaction region of the electronic FOOT setup, will complement the physics program by measuring lighter charged fragments to extend the angular acceptance up to about 70 degrees. In this work, the experimental design and the requirements of the FOOT experiment will be discussed and preliminary results on the emulsion spectrometer tests will be presented.

Published
2019

14. Inter-fractional monitoring of 12 C ions treatments: results from a clinical trial at the CNAO facility

Author

Marco Donetti, Vincenzo Patera, Etesam Malekzadeh, A. Sciubba, Piergiorgio Cerello, P. De Maria, Carlo Mancini-Terracciano, Angelo Schiavi, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, Aafke Kraan, Francesco Pennazio, Alessio Sarti, G. Battistoni, A. Embriaco, Alfredo Mirandola, Gaia Franciosini, M. Marafini, Viviana Vitolo, Mario Ciocca, G. Bisogni, R. Mirabelli, M. Toppi, Erika Mazzoni, M. Fischetti, M. De Simoni, S. M. Valle, F. Galante, E. Solfaroli Camillocci, Y. Dong, B. Di Lullo, Guido Baroni, Veronica Ferrero, Barbara Vischioni, Elisa Fiorina, Giancarlo Sportelli, Sara Tampellini, Giacomo Traini, C. Luongo, Marco Magi, and Silvia Muraro

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Particle Therapy, Monitoring, Carbon Ions, Fiber tracker, Monitoring, medicine.medical_treatment, Carbon, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Ions, Radiometry, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Radiotherapy Planning, Healthy tissue, Fiber tracker, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Computer-Assisted, Carbon Ions, medicine, Dosimetry, Medical physics, Radiation treatment planning, Carbon ion, Multidisciplinary, Particle therapy, business.industry, Monitoring system, Clinical routine, Clinical trial, Particle Therapy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business
Abstract

The high dose conformity and healthy tissue sparing achievable in Particle Therapy when using C ions calls for safety factors in treatment planning, to prevent the tumor under-dosage related to the possible occurrence of inter-fractional morphological changes during a treatment. This limitation could be overcome by a range monitor, still missing in clinical routine, capable of providing on-line feedback. The Dose Profiler (DP) is a detector developed within the INnovative Solution for In-beam Dosimetry in hadronthErapy (INSIDE) collaboration for the monitoring of carbon ion treatments at the CNAO facility (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) exploiting the detection of charged secondary fragments that escape from the patient. The DP capability to detect inter-fractional changes is demonstrated by comparing the obtained fragment emission maps in different fractions of the treatments enrolled in the first ever clinical trial of such a monitoring system, performed at CNAO. The case of a CNAO patient that underwent a significant morphological change is presented in detail, focusing on the implications that can be drawn for the achievable inter-fractional monitoring DP sensitivity in real clinical conditions. The results have been cross-checked against a simulation study.

Published
2020

15. Antibodies to neurofascin, contactin-1, and contactin-associated protein 1 in CIDP: Clinical relevance of IgG isotype

Author

Angela Berardinelli, E Zardini, Luana Benedetti, Andrea Cortese, G. A. Marfia, Diego Franciotta, R. Lombardi, I Callegari, Marinella Carpo, Claudia Giannotta, Laura Piccolo, C. Manso, A. Romano, Federica Cerri, G. Bisogni, C. De Michelis, Fabio Giannini, A. Rigamonti, Ludivine Kouton, F Manganelli, S. Mariotto, Patrizia Dacci, G. Mataluni, Massimo Corbo, Enrico Marchioni, R. Fazio, Angelo Schenone, R. Curro, Jérôme Devaux, Anna Mazzeo, C. Stancanelli, M. Ruiz, E. Alfonsi, E. Vegezzi, Giuseppe Cosentino, Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, Alessandro Salvalaggio, Chiara Briani, Giuseppe Lauria, Pietro Emiliano Doneddu, Matteo Gastaldi, Mario Sabatelli, Emanuele Spina, A. M. Clerici, Sergio Ferrari, M Luigetti, A. Topa, Cortese, A., Lombardi, R., Briani, C., Callegari, I., Benedetti, L., Manganelli, F., Luigetti, M., Ferrari, S., Clerici, A. M., Marfia, G. A., Rigamonti, A., Carpo, M., Fazio, R., Corbo, M., Mazzeo, A., Giannini, F., Cosentino, G., Zardini, E., Curro, R., Gastaldi, M., Vegezzi, E., Alfonsi, E., Berardinelli, A., Kouton, L., Manso, C., Giannotta, C., Doneddu, P., Dacci, P., Piccolo, L., Ruiz, M., Salvalaggio, A., De Michelis, C., Spina, E., Topa, A., Bisogni, G., Romano, A., Mariotto, S., Mataluni, G., Cerri, F., Stancanelli, C., Sabatelli, M., Schenone, A., Marchioni, E., Lauria, G., Nobile-Orazio, E., Devaux, J., and Franciotta, D.

Subjects
neuropathis, antibodies, CIDP, paranode, diagnosis, Settore MED/26, INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING POLYNEUROPATHY, Immunoglobulin G, 03 medical and health sciences, neurofascin, neuropathis, paranode, 0302 clinical medicine, neurofascin, BINDING, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), Medicine, PERIPHERAL-NERVE, nodal/paranodal proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Autoantibody, Polyradiculoneuropathy, medicine.disease, Isotype, Cell aggregation, 3. Good health, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, TARGET, Neurology, Skin biopsy, Immunology, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, AUTOANTIBODIES, Neurology (clinical), Antibody, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and isotypes of anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies to nodal/paranodal proteins in a large chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) cohort, compare clinical features in seronegative vs seropositive patients, and gather evidence of their isotype-specific pathogenic role.MethodsAntibodies to neurofascin-155 (Nfasc155), neurofascin-140/186 (Nfasc140/186), contactin-1 (CNTN1), and contactin-associated protein 1 (Caspr1) were detected with ELISA and/or cell-based assay. Antibody pathogenicity was tested by immunohistochemistry on skin biopsy, intraneural injection, and cell aggregation assay.ResultsOf 342 patients with CIDP, 19 (5.5%) had antibodies against Nfasc155 (n = 9), Nfasc140/186 and Nfasc155 (n = 1), CNTN1 (n = 3), and Caspr1 (n = 6). Antibodies were absent from healthy and disease controls, including neuropathies of different causes, and were mostly detected in patients with European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society (EFNS/PNS) definite CIDP (n = 18). Predominant antibody isotypes were immunoglobulin G (IgG)4 (n = 13), IgG3 (n = 2), IgG1 (n = 2), or undetectable (n = 2). IgG4 antibody-associated phenotypes included onset before 30 years, severe neuropathy, subacute onset, tremor, sensory ataxia, and poor response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Immunosuppressive treatments, including rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate, proved effective if started early in IVIG-resistant IgG4-seropositive cases. Five patients with an IgG1, IgG3, or undetectable isotype showed clinical features indistinguishable from seronegative patients, including good response to IVIG. IgG4 autoantibodies were associated with morphological changes at paranodes in patients' skin biopsies. We also provided preliminary evidence from a single patient about the pathogenicity of anti-Caspr1 IgG4, showing their ability to penetrate paranodal regions and disrupt the integrity of the Nfasc155/CNTN1/Caspr1 complex.ConclusionsOur findings confirm previous data on the tight clinico-serological correlation between antibodies to nodal/paranodal proteins and CIDP. Despite the low prevalence, testing for their presence and isotype could ultimately be part of the diagnostic workup in suspected inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide treatment.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class III evidence that antibodies to nodal/paranodal proteins identify patients with CIDP (sensitivity 6%, specificity 100%).

Published
2020

16. Development and characterization of a ΔE-TOF detector prototype for the FOOT experiment

Author

R. Hetzel, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Alessandra Pastore, M. Pullia, Marco Francesconi, Giovanni De Lellis, M. C. Morone, Pisana Placidi, Giuseppe Giraudo, Mario Sitta, Alberto Mengarelli, Graziano Bruni, Nicola Belcari, Adalberto Sciubba, E. Fiandrini, Niccolò Camarlinghi, A.C. Kraan, S. Colombi, Esther Ciarrocchi, Maria Ionica, A. Embriaco, Eleuterio Spiriti, Nadia Pastrone, Livio Narici, N. Bartosik, Alberto Del Guerra, Christoph Schuy, Sebastian Hild, P. Carra, L. Scavarda, M. Selvi, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, G. Silvestre, Sandro Tomassini, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, Behcet Alpat, Stefano Argiro, Marco Durante, Valeria Rosso, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, F. Ferroni, M. Emde, Ulrich Weber, R. Mirabelli, Veronica Ferrero, Francesco Pennazio, Keida Kanxheri, G. Ambrosi, M. Garbini, Valeri Tioukov, Alessio Sarti, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, Leonello Servoli, Achim Stahl, M. Fischetti, Raul Arteche Diaz, Silvia Muraro, S. M. Valle, Antonia Di Crescenzo, Micol De Simoni, M. Rovituso, Chiara La Tessa, C. Finck, Matteo Bertazzoni, Andrey Alexandrov, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, Y. Dong, E. Scifoni, V. Gentile, Ilaria Mattei, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, Matteo Morrocchi, M. Villa, Vincenzo Patera, Luciano Ramello, A. Schiavi, Roberto Spighi, Piergiorgio Cerello, L. Galli, C. Sanelli, Maria Cristina Montesi, Riccardo Faccini, M. Marafini, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Vanstalle, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Morrocchi, Matteo, Ciarrocchi, Esther, Alexandrov, Andrey, Alpat, Behcet, Ambrosi, Giovanni, Argirò, Stefano, Arteche Diaz, Raul, Bartosik, Nazar, Battistoni, Giuseppe, Belcari, Nicola, Bertazzoni, Matteo, Biondi, Silvia, Bruni, Graziano, Camarlinghi, Niccolò, Carra, Pietro, Cerello, Piergiorgio, Clozza, Alberto, Colombi, Sofia, De Lellis, Giovanni, Del Guerra, Alberto, Simoni, Micol De, Crescenzo, Antonia Di, Donetti, Marco, Dong, Yunsheng, Durante, Marco, Embriaco, Alessia, Emde, Max, Faccini, Riccardo, Ferrero, Veronica, Ferroni, Fernando, Fiandrini, Emanuele, Finck, Christian, Fiorina, Elisa, Fischetti, Marta, Francesconi, Marco, Franchini, Matteo, Galli, Luca, Garbini, Marco, Gentile, Valerio, Giraudo, Giuseppe, Hetzel, Ronja, Hild, Sebastian, Ionica, Maria, Kanxheri, Keida, Kraan, Aafke Christine, Lante, Valeria, Lauria, Adele, La Tessa, Chiara, Lopez Torres, Ernesto, Marafini, Michela, Mattei, Ilaria, Mengarelli, Alberto, Mirabelli, Riccardo, Montesi, Maria Cristina, Morone, Maria Cristina, Muraro, Silvia, Narici, Livio, Pastore, Alessandra, Pastrone, Nadia, Patera, Vincenzo, Pennazio, Francesco, Placidi, Pisana, Pullia, Marco, Ramello, Luciano, Ridolfi, Riccardo, Rosso, Valeria, Rovituso, Marta, Sanelli, Claudio, Sarti, Alessio, Sartorelli, Gabriella, Sato, Osamu, Savazzi, Simone, Scavarda, Lorenzo, Schiavi, Angelo, Schuy, Christoph, Scifoni, Emanuele, Sciubba, Adalberto, Selvi, Marco, Servoli, Leonello, Silvestre, Gianluigi, Sitta, Mario, Spighi, Roberto, Spiriti, Eleuterio, Sportelli, Giancarlo, Stahl, Achim, Tomassini, Sandro, Tommasino, Francesco, Traini, Giacomo, Tioukov, Valeri, Valle, Serena Marta, Vanstalle, Marie, Villa, Mauro, Weber, Ulrich, Zoccoli, Antonio, Bisogni, Maria Giuseppina, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Département de Radiobiologie, Hadronthérapie et Imagerie Moléculaire (DRHIM-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Frascati], Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria (SBAI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP), and UITP

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle therapy, Particle detectors, Particle detectors Particle therapy Plastic scintillator Silicon photomultiplier, Scintillator, Silicon photomultiplier, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Ion, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Plastic scintillator, Instrumentation, Irradiation, 010306 general physics, Image resolution, Particle detectors, Particle therapy, Plastic scintillator, Silicon photomultiplier, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Time of flight, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business
Abstract

This paper describes the development and characterization of a Δ E-TOF detector composed of a plastic scintillator bar coupled at both ends to silicon photomultipliers. This detector is a prototype of a larger version which will be used in the FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment to identify the fragments produced by ion beams accelerated onto a hydrogen-enriched target. The final Δ E-TOF detector will be composed of two layers of plastic scintillator bars with orthogonal orientation and will measure, for each crossing fragment, the energy deposited in the plastic scintillator ( Δ E), the time of flight (TOF), and the coordinates of the interaction position in the scintillator. To meet the FOOT experimental requirements, the detector should have energy resolution of a few percents and time resolution of 70 ps, and it should allow to discriminate multiple fragments belonging to the same event. To evaluate the achievable performances, the detector prototype was irradiated with protons of kinetic energy in the 70–230 MeV range and interacting at several positions along the bar. The measured energy resolution σ Δ E ∕ Δ E was 6–14%, after subtracting the fluctuations of the deposited energy. A time resolution σ between 120 and 180 ps was obtained with respect to a trigger detector. A spatial resolution σ of 1.9 cm was obtained for protons interacting at the center of the bar.

Published
2019
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17. Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Author

E. Bellinzona, Alberto Mengarelli, M. Villa, E. Fiandrini, F. Raffaelli, Y. Dong, M. Ionica, Esther Ciarrocchi, Marco Francesconi, Nadia Pastrone, Francesco Pennazio, P. Carra, R. Spighi, Alessio Sarti, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Pullia, F. Ferroni, Pisana Placidi, M. Vanstalle, G. Silvestre, M. Emde, C. La Tessa, S. Muraro, L. Narici, M. C. Morone, A.C. Kraan, Marco Durante, R. Arteche Diaz, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Alunni Solestizi, Valeria Rosso, A. Secher, Niccolò Camarlinghi, L. Ramello, Nicola Belcari, E. Iarocci, L. Galli, M. De Simoni, Riccardo Faccini, E. Lopez Torres, C. Finck, Mario Sitta, M. Rovituso, G. De Lellis, M. Marafini, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, V. Gentile, S. Bianucci, Vincenzo Patera, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, M. Fischetti, C. Sanelli, S. M. Valle, A. Sciubba, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, E. Scifoni, A. Embriaco, M. Selvi, Ambrosi Giovanni, Maria Cristina Montesi, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Veronica Ferrero, S. Colombi, K. Kanxheri, Christoph Schuy, Uli Weber, Leonello Servoli, A. Alexandrov, Achim Stahl, Stefano Argiro, A. Moggi, R. Mirabelli, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, M. Garbini, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, L. Scavarda, Eleuterio Spiriti, Piergiorgio Cerello, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, R. Hetzel, Alessandra Pastore, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, A. Del Guerra, Giuseppe Giraudo, G. Galati, N. Bartosik, Valeri Tioukov, Graziano Bruni, Sandro Tomassini, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, A. Schiavi, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montesi M.C., Lauria A., Alexandrov A., Solestizi L.A., Giovanni A., Argiro S., Diaz R.A., Bartosik N., Battistoni G., Belcari N., Bellinzona E., Bianucci S., Biondi S., Bisogni M.G., Bruni G., Camarlinghi N., Carra P., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., Colombi S., Guerra A.D., Simoni M.D., Crescenzo A.D., Donetti M., Dong Y., Durante M., Embriaco A., Emde M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Ferroni F., Fiandrini E., Finck C., Fiorina E., Fischetti M., Francesconi M., Franchini M., Galati G., Galli L., Garbini M., Gentile V., Giraudo G., Hetzel R., Iarocci E., Ionica M., Kanxheri K., Kraan A.C., Lante V., Tessa C.L., Torres E.L., Marafini M., Mattei I., Mengarelli A., Mirabelli R., Moggi A., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Narici L., Pastore A., Pastrone N., Patera V., Pennazio F., Placidi P., Pullia M., Raffaelli F., Ramello L., Ridolfi R., Rosso V., Rovituso M., Sanelli C., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Savazzi S., Scavarda L., Schiavi A., Schuy C., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Secher A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Silvestre G., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Stahl A., Tioukov V., Tomassini S., Tommasino F., Traini G., Valle S.M., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Weber U., Zoccoli A., Lellis G.D., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montesi, M. C., Lauria, A., Alexandrov, A., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Argirò, S., Diaz, R. Arteche, Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., Guerra, A. Del, Simoni, M. De, Crescenzo, A. Di, Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Tessa, C. La, Torres, E. Lopez, Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaelli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., and Lellis, G. De

Subjects
Health Physics and Radiation Effects, Materials science, QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, 29.40.Rg, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Charge identification, 0103 physical sciences, charged particles therapy, nuclear emulsions, Nuclear emulsion, ddc:530, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 42.62.Be, Nuclear Experiment, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/04, Physics, Settore FIS/07, Chemical physics
Abstract

In hadron therapy, the accelerated ions, interacting with the body of the patient, cause the fragmentation of both projectile and target nuclei. The fragments interact with the human tissues depositing energy both in the entrance channel and in the volume surrounding the tumor. The knowledge of the fragments features is crucial to determine the energy amount deposited in the human body, and - hence - the damage to the organs and to the tissues around the tumor target. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment aims at studying the fragmentation induced by the interaction of a proton beam (150-250 MeV/n) inside the human body. The FOOT detector includes an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments integrated with an emulsion spectrometer to measure Z ≤ 3 fragments. Charge identification by nuclear emulsions is based on the development of techniques of controlled fading of the particle tracks inside the nuclear emulsion, that extend the dynamical range of the films developed for the tracking of minimum ionising particles. The controlled fading strongly depends on temperature, relative humidity and treatment duration. In this study the performances in terms of charge separation of proton, helium and carbon particles, obtained on a batch of new emulsion films produced in Japan are reported.

Published
2019
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18. Cryogenic Characterization of FBK RGB-HD SiPMs

Author

C. E. Aalseth, F. Acerbi, P. Agnes, I. F. M. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. Alici, A. K. Alton, P. Ampudia, P. Antonioli, S. Arcelli, R. Ardito, I. J. Arnquist, D. M. Asner, H. O. Back, G. Batignani, E. Bertoldo, S. Bettarini, M. G. Bisogni, V. Bocci, A. Bondar, G. Bonfini, W. Bonivento, M. Bossa, B. Bottino, R. Bunker, S. Bussino, A. Buzulutskov, M. Cadeddu, M. Cadoni, A. Caminata, N. Canci, A. Candela, C. Cantini, M. Caravati, M. Cariello, M. Carlini, M. Carpinelli, A. Castellani, S. Catalanotti, V. Cataudella, P. Cavalcante, R. Cereseto, Y. Chen, A. Chepurnov, A. Chiavassa, C. Cicalò, L. Cifarelli, M. Citterio, A. G. Cocco, M. Colocci, S. Corgiolu, G. Covone, P. Crivelli, I. D'Antone, M. D'Incecco, M. D. Da Rocha Rolo, M. Daniel, S. Davini, A. De Candia, S. De Cecco, M. De Deo, G. De Filippis, G. De Guido, G. De Rosa, G. Dellacasa, P. Demontis, A. V. Derbin, A. Devoto, F. Di Eusanio, G. Di Pietro, C. Dionisi, A. Dolgov, I. Dormia, S. Dussoni, A. Empl, A. Ferri, C. Filip, G. Fiorillo, K. Fomenko, D. Franco, G. E. Froudakis, F. Gabriele, A. Gabrieli, C. Galbiati, P. Garcia Abia, A. Gendotti, A. Ghisi, S. Giagu, G. Gibertoni, C. Giganti, M. Giorgi, G. K. Giovanetti, M. L. Gligan, A. Gola, O. Gorchakov, A. M. Goretti, F. Granato, M. Grassi, J. W. Grate, G. Y. Grigoriev, M. Gromov, M. Guan, M. B. B. Guerra, M. Guerzoni, M. Gulino, R. K. Haaland, B. Harrop, E. W. Hoppe, S. Horikawa, B. Hosseini, D. Hughes, P. Humble, E. V. Hungerford, An. Ianni, S. Jimenez Cabre, T. N. Johnson, K. Keeter, C. L. Kendziora, S. Kim, G. Koh, D. Korablev, G. Korga, A. Kubankin, R. Kugathasan, M. Kuss, X. Li, M. Lissia, G. U. Lodi, B. Loer, G. Longo, R. Lussana, L. Luzzi, Y. Ma, A. A. Machado, I. N. Machulin, L. Mais, A. Mandarano, L. Mapelli, M. Marcante, A. Margotti, S. M. Mari, M. Mariani, J. Maricic, M. Marinelli, D. Marras, C. J. Martoff, M. Mascia, A. Messina, P. D. Meyers, R. Milincic, A. Moggi, S. Moioli, S. Monasterio, J. Monroe, A. Monte, M. Morrocchi, W. Mu, V. N. Muratova, S. Murphy, P. Musico, R. Nania, J. Napolitano, A. Navrer Agasson, I. Nikulin, V. Nosov, A. O. Nozdrina, N. N. Nurakhov, A. Oleinik, V. Oleynikov, M. Orsini, F. Ortica, L. Pagani, M. Pallavicini, S. Palmas, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, G. Paternoster, V. Pavletcov, F. Pazzona, K. Pelczar, L. A. Pellegrini, N. Pelliccia, F. Perotti, R. Perruzza, C. Piemonte, F. Pilo, A. Pocar, D. Portaluppi, S. S. Poudel, D. A. Pugachev, H. Qian, B. Radics, F. Raffaelli, F. Ragusa, K. Randle, M. Razeti, A. Razeto, V. Regazzoni, C. Regenfus, B. Reinhold, A. L. Renshaw, M. Rescigno, Q. Riffard, A. Rivetti, A. Romani, L. Romero, B. Rossi, N. Rossi, A. Rubbia, D. Sablone, P. Salatino, O. Samoylov, W. Sands, M. Sant, R. Santorelli, C. Savarese, E. Scapparone, B. Schlitzer, G. Scioli, E. Sechi, E. Segreto, A. Seifert, D. A. Semenov, S. Serci, A. Shchagin, L. Shekhtman, E. Shemyakina, A. Sheshukov, M. Simeone, P. N. Singh, M. D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, G. Sobrero, A. Sokolov, A. Sotnikov, C. Stanford, G. B. Suffritti, Y. Suvorov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, A. Tonazzo, A. Tosi, P. Trinchese, E. V. Unzhakov, A. Vacca, M. Verducci, T. Viant, F. Villa, A. Vishneva, B. Vogelaar, M. Wada, J. Wahl, S. Walker, H. Wang, Y. Wang, A. W. Watson, S. Westerdale, J. Wilhelmi, R. Williams, M. M. Wojcik, S. Wu, X. Xiang, X. Xiao, C. Yang, Z. Ye, F. Zappa, G. Zappalà, C. Zhu, A. Zichichi, G. Zuzel, Aalseth, C. E., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Ampudia, P., Antonioli, P., Arcelli, S., Ardito, R., Arnquist, I. J., Asner, D. M., Back, H. O., Batignani, G., Bertoldo, E., Bettarini, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cereseto, R., Chen, Y., Chepurnov, A., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Citterio, M., Cocco, A. G., Colocci, M., Corgiolu, S., Covone, G., Crivelli, P., D'Antone, I., D'Incecco, M., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Daniel, M., Davini, S., Candia, A. De, Cecco, S. De, Deo, M. De, Filippis, G. De, De Guido, Giorgia, De Rosa, Gianfranca, Dellacasa, G., Demontis, P., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Eusanio, F. Di, Pietro, G. Di, Dionisi, C., Dolgov, A., Dormia, I., Dussoni, S., Empl, A., Ferri, A., Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Froudakis, G. E., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Abia, P. Garcia, Gendotti, A., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Gibertoni, G., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M., Giovanetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Gola, A., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grassi, M., Grate, J. W., Grigoriev, G. Y., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerra, M. B. B., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Haaland, R. K., Harrop, B., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Cabre, S. Jimenez, Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kim, S., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kugathasan, R., Kuss, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Lodi, G. U., Loer, B., Longo, G., Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mais, L., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Marras, D., Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moioli, S., Monasterio, S., Monroe, J., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mu, W., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, S., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, J., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nikulin, I., Nosov, V., Nozdrina, A. O., Nurakhov, N. N., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pavletcov, V., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pelliccia, N., Perotti, F., Perruzza, R., Piemonte, C., Pilo, F., Pocar, A., Portaluppi, D., Poudel, S. S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Radics, B., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Randle, K., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Rivetti, A., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rubbia, A., Sablone, D., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Sechi, E., Segreto, E., Seifert, A., Semenov, D. A., Serci, S., Shchagin, A., Shekhtman, L., Shemyakina, E., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sobrero, G., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Vacca, A., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Wahl, J., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Williams, R., Wojcik, M. M., Wu, S., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zappa, F., Zappalà, G., Zhu, C., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DarkSide, Aalseth, C, Acerbi, F, Agnes, P, Albuquerque, I, Alexander, T, Alici, A, Alton, A, Ampudia, P, Antonioli, P, Arcelli, S, Ardito, R, Arnquist, I, Asner, D, Back, H, Batignani, G, Bertoldo, E, Bettarini, S, Bisogni, M, Bocci, V, Bondar, A, Bonfini, G, Bonivento, W, Bossa, M, Bottino, B, Bunker, R, Bussino, S, Buzulutskov, A, Cadeddu, M, Cadoni, M, Caminata, A, Canci, N, Candela, A, Cantini, C, Caravati, M, Cariello, M, Carlini, M, Carpinelli, M, Castellani, A, Catalanotti, S, Cataudella, V, Cavalcante, P, Cereseto, R, Chen, Y, Chepurnov, A, Chiavassa, A, Cicalò, C, Cifarelli, L, Citterio, M, Cocco, A, Colocci, M, Corgiolu, S, Covone, G, Crivelli, P, D'Antone, I, D'Incecco, M, Rolo, M, Daniel, M, Davini, S, Candia, A, Cecco, S, Deo, M, Filippis, G, Guido, G, Rosa, G, Dellacasa, G, Demontis, P, Derbin, A, Devoto, A, Eusanio, F, Pietro, G, Dionisi, C, Dolgov, A, Dormia, I, Dussoni, S, Empl, A, Ferri, A, Filip, C, Fiorillo, G, Fomenko, K, Franco, D, Froudakis, G, Gabriele, F, Gabrieli, A, Galbiati, C, Abia, P, Gendotti, A, Ghisi, A, Giagu, S, Gibertoni, G, Giganti, C, Giorgi, M, Giovanetti, G, Gligan, M, Gola, A, Gorchakov, O, Goretti, A, Granato, F, Grassi, M, Grate, J, Grigoriev, G, Gromov, M, Guan, M, Guerra, M, Guerzoni, M, Gulino, M, Haaland, R, Harrop, B, Hoppe, E, Horikawa, S, Hosseini, B, Hughes, D, Humble, P, Hungerford, E, Ianni, A, Cabre, S, Johnson, T, Keeter, K, Kendziora, C, Kim, S, Koh, G, Korablev, D, Korga, G, Kubankin, A, Kugathasan, R, Kuss, M, Li, X, Lissia, M, Lodi, G, Loer, B, Longo, G, Lussana, R, Luzzi, L, Ma, Y, Machado, A, Machulin, I, Mais, L, Mandarano, A, Mapelli, L, Marcante, M, Margotti, A, Mari, S, Mariani, M, Maricic, J, Marinelli, M, Marras, D, Martoff, C, Mascia, M, Messina, A, Meyers, P, Milincic, R, Moggi, A, Moioli, S, Monasterio, S, Monroe, J, Monte, A, Morrocchi, M, Mu, W, Muratova, V, Murphy, S, Musico, P, Nania, R, Napolitano, J, Agasson, A, Nikulin, I, Nosov, V, Nozdrina, A, Nurakhov, N, Oleinik, A, Oleynikov, V, Orsini, M, Ortica, F, Pagani, L, Pallavicini, M, Palmas, S, Pandola, L, Pantic, E, Paoloni, E, Paternoster, G, Pavletcov, V, Pazzona, F, Pelczar, K, Pellegrini, L, Pelliccia, N, Perotti, F, Perruzza, R, Piemonte, C, Pilo, F, Pocar, A, Portaluppi, D, Poudel, S, Pugachev, D, Qian, H, Radics, B, Raffaelli, F, Ragusa, F, Randle, K, Razeti, M, Razeto, A, Regazzoni, V, Regenfus, C, Reinhold, B, Renshaw, A, Rescigno, M, Riffard, Q, Rivetti, A, Romani, A, Romero, L, Rossi, B, Rossi, N, Rubbia, A, Sablone, D, Salatino, P, Samoylov, O, Sands, W, Sant, M, Santorelli, R, Savarese, C, Scapparone, E, Schlitzer, B, Scioli, G, Sechi, E, Segreto, E, Seifert, A, Semenov, D, Serci, S, Shchagin, A, Shekhtman, L, Shemyakina, E, Sheshukov, A, Simeone, M, Singh, P, Skorokhvatov, M, Smirnov, O, Sobrero, G, Sokolov, A, Sotnikov, A, Stanford, C, Suffritti, G, Suvorov, Y, Tartaglia, R, Testera, G, Tonazzo, A, Tosi, A, Trinchese, P, Unzhakov, E, Vacca, A, Verducci, M, Viant, T, Villa, F, Vishneva, A, Vogelaar, B, Wada, M, Wahl, J, Walker, S, Wang, H, Wang, Y, Watson, A, Westerdale, S, Wilhelmi, J, Williams, R, Wojcik, M, Wu, S, Xiang, X, Xiao, X, Yang, C, Ye, Z, Zappa, F, Zappalà, G, Zhu, C, Zichichi, A, Zuzel, G, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Da Rocha Rolo, M. D., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Garcia Abia, P., Ianni, A. n., Jimenez Cabre, S., Mari, Stefano Maria, Navrer Agasson, A., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Cicalã², C., G. De, Filippi, Guido, G. De, G. De, Rosa, and Zappalã , G.

Subjects
visible and IR photons, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, data acquisition, SiPMs, 1ST PROTOTYPES, 01 natural sciences, Photon detectors forUV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc), etc), Data acquisition, EMCCDs etc), APDs, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, EBCCDs, Si-PMTs, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Cryogenic detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state), G-APDs, Physics - Instrumentation and Detector, performance, Dark current, noise, ionization: yield, Dark matter, quenching, High density, Cryogenic detector, FOS: Physical sciences, DarkSide, Noise (electronics), programming, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Analysis software, photomultiplier: silicon, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], (solid-state) (PIN diodes, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, 010306 general physics, SILICON, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, CCDs, dark matter: detector, ITC-IRST, (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, time projection chamber: liquid argon, (solid-state), Photon detectors forUV, EMCCDs, RGB color model, business
Abstract

International audience; We report on the cryogenic characterization of Red Green Blue - High Density (RGB-HD) SiPMs developed at Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) as part of the DarkSide program of dark matter searches with liquid argon time projection chambers. A cryogenic setup was used to operate the SiPMs at varying temperatures and a custom data acquisition system and analysis software were used to precisely characterize the primary dark noise, the correlated noise, and the gain of the devices. We demonstrate that FBK RGB-HD SiPMs with low quenching resistance (RGB-HD-LRq) can be operated from 40 K to 300 K with gains in the range 10(5) to 10(6) and noise rates at a level of around 1 Hz/mm(2).

Published
2017
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19. The FOOT (Fragmentation Of Target) Experiment

Author

M. Garbini, Angelo Schiavi, Giacomo Traini, Valery Tioukov, Esther Ciarrocchi, Alessandra Pastore, Cristiana Peroni, Luciano Ramello, M. Franchini, M. Vanstalle, M. C. Morone, Niccolò Camarlinghi, Riccardo Paramatti, Nadia Pastrone, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, Alessio Sarti, Michela Marafini, C. Sanelli, Emanuele Scifoni, A. Zoccoli, Graziano Bruni, E. Iarocci, C. Finck, Andrey Alexandrov, Gabriella Sartorelli, Vincenzo Patera, M. Selvi, Christoph Schuy, M. Pullia, Piergiorgio Cerello, Maria Cristina Montesi, Sergio Brambilla, Marco Durante, Mario Sitta, Marianna Testa, Valeria Rosso, Eleuterio Spiriti, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Stefano Argiro, Keida Kanxheri, Leonello Servoli, Chiara La Tessa, Nicola Belcari, Riccardo Faccini, Marco Francesconi, Livio Narici, Luca Galli, Antonia Di Crescenzo, Francesco Tommasino, Giuseppe Giraudo, R. Spighi, F. Ferroni, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, R. Mirabelli, Giovanni De Lellis, M. Rovituso, Adalberto Sciubba, Alberto Clozza, Silvia Muraro, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, Veronica Ferrero, S. M. Valle, Ulrich Weber, M. Villa, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, medicine.medical_treatment, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Bragg peak, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Nuclear Experiment, Hadron therapy nuclear fragmentation, Physics, Particle therapy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Projectile, Settore FIS/07, Charged particle, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Particle therapy uses protons or $^{12}$C beams for the treatment of deep-seated solid tumors. Due to the features of the energy deposition of charged particles in matter, a limited amount of dose is released to the healthy tissue in the beam entrance region, while the maximum of the dose is released to the tumor at the end of the beam range, in the Bragg peak region. However nuclear interactions between beam and patient tissues induce fragmentation both of projectile and target. This has to be carefully taken into account since different ions have different effectiveness in producing a biological damage. par In $^{12}$C treatments the main concern are long range forward emitted secondary ions produced in projectile fragmentation that release dose in the healthy tissue after the tumor. Instead, in a proton treatment, the target fragmentation produces low energy, short range fragments along all the beam range. The FOOT experiment (FragmentatiOn Of Target) is designed to study these processes. Target nuclei ($^{16}$O, $^{12}$C) fragmentation induced by 150-250 MeV proton beam will be studied by means of the inverse kinematic approach: $^{16}$O,$^{12}$C therapeutic beams, at the quoted kinetic energy per nucleon, collide on graphite and hydrocarbons target. The cross section on Hydrogen can be then extracted by subtraction. This configuration explores also the projectile fragmentation of these O and C beams, or other ions of therapeutic interest, such as $^4$He for instance. The detector includes a magnetic spectrometer based on silicon pixel and strip detectors, a scintillating crystal calorimeter able to stop the heavier produced fragments, and a $\Delta E$ detector, with TOF capability, to achieve the needed energy resolution and particle identification. In addition to the electronic apparatus, an alternative setup based on the concept of the "Emulsion Cloud Chamber", coupled with the interaction region of the electronic FOOT setup, will provide the measurement of lighter charged fragments: protons, deuterons, tritons and Helium nuclei. The FOOT data taking is foreseen in the available experimental rooms existing in the presently operational charged particle therapy facilities in Europe, and possibly at GSI. An initial phase with the emulsion setup will start in early 2018, while the complete electronic detector will take data starting in 2019. In this work a general description of the FOOT experiment and of its expected performances is presented.

Published
2017
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20. The DarkSide experiment

Author

Bottino, B., E. Aalseth, C., Acconcia, G., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Agostino, L., Albuquerque, I.F.M., Alexander, T., Alton, A., Ampudia, P., Ardito, R., Arisaka, K., J. Arnquist, I., M. Asner, D., O. Back, H., Baldin, B., Batignani, G., Biery, K., G. Bisogni, M., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buttafava, M., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calandri, N., Calaprice, F., Calvo, J., Campajola, L., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Cao, H., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Catalanotti, S., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Citterio, M., G. Cocco, A., Corgiolu, S., Covone, G., Crivelli, P., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Guido, G., De Vincenzi, M., Demontis, P., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Dolgov, A., Dromia, I., Dussoni, S., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Ferri, A., O. Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., E. Froudakis, G., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Gendotti, A., Ghioni, M., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Gibertoni, G., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M., K. Giovannetti, G., L. Gligan, M., Gola, A., Goretti, A., Granato, F., Grassi, M., W. Grate, J., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulinatti, A., K. Haaland, R., Hackett, B., Harrop, B., Herner, K., W. Hoppe, E., Horikawa, S., Hungerford, E., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., Ivashchuk, O., James, I., N. Johnson, T., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., W. Kuss, M., Lissia, M., Li, X., U. Lodi, G., Lombardi, P., Longo, G., Loverre, P., Luitz, S., Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Ma, Y., A. Machado, A., Machulin, I., Mais, L., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Mari, S., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Marini, L., J. Martoff, C., Mascia, M., Meregaglia, A., D. Meyers, P., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Miller, J.D., Moioli, S., Monasterio, S., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., E. Monzani, M., Morrocchi, M., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B., Mu, W., N. Muratova, V., Murphy, S., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Nelson, A., Nosov, V., N. Nurakhov, N., Odrowski, S., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Parmeggiano, S., Paternoster, G., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., A. Pellegrini, L., Pelliccia, N., Perasso, S., Peronio, P., Perotti, F., Perruzza, R., Piemonte, C., Pilo, F., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D., Qian, H., Radics, B., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Rech, I., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A., Rescigno, M., Ricotti, M., Riffard, Q., Rizzardini, S., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, D., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Salatino, P., Salemme, L., Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Sanzaro, M., Savarese, C., Sechi, E., Segreto, E., Semenov, D., Shchagin, A., Shekhtman, L., Shemyakina, E., Shields, E., Simeone, M., N. Singh, P., Skorokhvatov, M., Smallcomb, M., Smirnov, O., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., B. Suffritti, G., Suvorov, Y., Tamborini, D., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E., Vacca, A., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M., Wu, S., Xiang, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Yoo, J., Zappa, F., Zappalà, G., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., Zullo, A., Zullo, M., Zuzel, G., Bottino, B, Aalseth, C, Acconcia, G, Acerbi, F, Agnes, P, Agostino, L, Albuquerque, I, Alexander, T, Alton, A, Ampudia, P, Ardito, R, Arisaka, K, Arnquist, I, Asner, D, Back, H, Baldin, B, Batignani, G, Biery, K, Bisogni, M, Bocci, V, Bondar, A, Bonfini, G, Bonivento, W, Bossa, M, Brigatti, A, Brodsky, J, Budano, F, Bunker, R, Bussino, S, Buttafava, M, Buzulutskov, A, Cadeddu, M, Cadoni, M, Calandri, N, Calaprice, F, Calvo, J, Campajola, L, Canci, N, Candela, A, Cantini, C, Cao, H, Caravati, M, Cariello, M, Carlini, M, Carpinelli, M, Castellani, A, Catalanotti, S, Cavalcante, P, Chepurnov, A, Cicalò, C, Citterio, M, Cocco, A, Corgiolu, S, Covone, G, Crivelli, P, D'Angelo, D, D'Incecco, M, Daniel, M, Davini, S, De Cecco, S, De Deo, M, De Guido, G, De Vincenzi, M, Demontis, P, Derbin, A, Devoto, A, Di Eusanio, F, Di Pietro, G, Dionisi, C, Dolgov, A, Dromia, I, Dussoni, S, Edkins, E, Empl, A, Fan, A, Ferri, A, Filip, C, Fiorillo, G, Fomenko, K, Forster, G, Franco, D, Froudakis, G, Gabriele, F, Gabrieli, A, Galbiati, C, Gendotti, A, Ghioni, M, Ghisi, A, Giagu, S, Gibertoni, G, Giganti, C, Giorgi, M, Giovannetti, G, Gligan, M, Gola, A, Goretti, A, Granato, F, Grassi, M, Grate, J, Gromov, M, Guan, M, Guardincerri, Y, Gulinatti, A, Haaland, R, Hackett, B, Harrop, B, Herner, K, Hoppe, E, Horikawa, S, Hungerford, E, Ianni, A, Ivashchuk, O, James, I, Johnson, T, Jollet, C, Keeter, K, Kendziora, C, Kobychev, V, Koh, G, Korablev, D, Korga, G, Kubankin, A, Kuss, M, Lissia, M, Li, X, Lodi, G, Lombardi, P, Longo, G, Loverre, P, Luitz, S, Lussana, R, Luzzi, L, Ma, Y, Machado, A, Machulin, I, Mais, L, Mandarano, A, Mapelli, L, Marcante, M, Mari, S, Mariani, M, Maricic, J, Marinelli, M, Marini, L, Martoff, C, Mascia, M, Meregaglia, A, Meyers, P, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Miller, J, Moioli, S, Monasterio, S, Montanari, D, Monte, A, Montuschi, M, Monzani, M, Morrocchi, M, Mosteiro, P, Mount, B, Mu, W, Muratova, V, Murphy, S, Musico, P, Napolitano, J, Nelson, A, Nosov, V, Nurakhov, N, Odrowski, S, Oleinik, A, Orsini, M, Ortica, F, Pagani, L, Pallavicini, M, Palmas, S, Pantic, E, Paoloni, E, Parmeggiano, S, Paternoster, G, Pazzona, F, Pelczar, K, Pellegrini, L, Pelliccia, N, Perasso, S, Peronio, P, Perotti, F, Perruzza, R, Piemonte, C, Pilo, F, Pocar, A, Pordes, S, Pugachev, D, Qian, H, Radics, B, Randle, K, Ranucci, G, Razeti, M, Razeto, A, Rech, I, Regazzoni, V, Regenfus, C, Reinhold, B, Renshaw, A, Rescigno, M, Ricotti, M, Riffard, Q, Rizzardini, S, Romani, A, Romero, L, Rossi, B, Rossi, N, Rountree, D, Rubbia, A, Ruggeri, A, Sablone, D, Saggese, P, Salatino, P, Salemme, L, Sands, W, Sangiorgio, S, Sant, M, Santorelli, R, Sanzaro, M, Savarese, C, Sechi, E, Segreto, E, Semenov, D, Shchagin, A, Shekhtman, L, Shemyakina, E, Shields, E, Simeone, M, Singh, P, Skorokhvatov, M, Smallcomb, M, Smirnov, O, Sokolov, A, Sotnikov, A, Stanford, C, Suffritti, G, Suvorov, Y, Tamborini, D, Tartaglia, R, Tatarowicz, J, Testera, G, Tonazzo, A, Tosi, A, Trinchese, P, Unzhakov, E, Vacca, A, Verducci, M, Viant, T, Villa, F, Vishneva, A, Vogelaar, B, Wada, M, Walker, S, Wang, H, Wang, Y, Watson, A, Westerdale, S, Wilhelmi, J, Wojcik, M, Wu, S, Xiang, X, Xu, J, Yang, C, Yoo, J, Zappa, F, Zappalà, G, Zavatarelli, S, Zec, A, Zhong, W, Zhu, C, Zullo, A, Zullo, M, Zuzel, G, Bottino, B., Aalseth, C. E., Acconcia, G., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Agostino, L., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A., Ampudia, P., Ardito, R., Arisaka, K., Arnquist, I. J., Asner, D. M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bisogni, M. G., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buttafava, M., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calandri, N., Calaprice, F., Calvo, J., Campajola, Luigi, Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Cao, H., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Catalanotti, Sergio, Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cicalo, C., Citterio, M., Cocco, ALFREDO GIUSEPPE, Corgiolu, S., Covone, Giovanni, Crivelli, P., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Guido, G., De Vincenzi, M., Demontis, P., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Dolgov, A., Dromia, I., Dussoni, S., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Ferri, A., Filip, C. O., Fiorillo, Giuliana, Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., Froudakis, G. E., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Gendotti, A., Ghioni, M., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Gibertoni, G., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M., Giovannetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Gola, A., Goretti, A., Granato, F., Grassi, M., Grate, J. W., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulinatti, A., Haaland, R. K., Hackett, B., Harrop, B., Herner, K., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Hungerford, E., Ianni, A. l., Ianni, A. n., Ivashchuk, O., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M. W., Lissia, M., Li, X., Lodi, G. U., Lombardi, P., Longo, Giuseppe, Loverre, P., Luitz, S., Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I., Mais, L., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Mari, S., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Meregaglia, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Miller, J. D., Moioli, S., Monasterio, S., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., Monzani, M. E., Morrocchi, M., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B., Mu, W., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, S., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Nelson, A., Nosov, V., Nurakhov, N. N., Odrowski, S., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Parmeggiano, S., Paternoster, G., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pelliccia, N., Perasso, S., Peronio, P., Perotti, F., Perruzza, R., Piemonte, C., Pilo, F., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D., Qian, H., Radics, B., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Rech, I., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A., Rescigno, M., Ricotti, M., Riffard, Q., Rizzardini, S., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, D., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Salatino, Piero, Salemme, Lucia, Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Sanzaro, M., Savarese, C., Sechi, E., Segreto, E., Semenov, D., Shchagin, A., Shekhtman, L., Shemyakina, E., Shields, E., Simeone, Marino, Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M., Smallcomb, M., Smirnov, O., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tamborini, D., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E., Vacca, A., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, Susan Elizabeth, Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M., Wu, S., Xiang, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Yoo, J., Zappa, F., Zappala, G., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., Zullo, A., Zullo, M., Zuzel, G., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DarkSide, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Budano, Federico, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Campajola, L., Catalanotti, S., Cicalò, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., DE VINCENZI, Mario, Fiorillo, G., James, Irina, Longo, G., Mari, Stefano Maria, Salatino, P., Salemme, L., Simeone, M., Walker, S., Zappalà, G., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, background, scintillation counter: liquid, DarkSide, Astronomy and Astrophysics, WIMP: detector, dark matter: direct detection, Astronomy and Astrophysic, time projection chamber: liquid argon, dark matter, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), deep underground detector, Gran Sasso, cryogenics, radioactivity, atmosphere, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cherenkov, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], experimental results
Abstract

International audience; DarkSide is a dark matter direct search experiment at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). DarkSide is based on the detection of rare nuclear recoils possibly induced by hypothetical dark matter particles, which are supposed to be neutral, massive (m > 10 GeV) and weakly interactive (WIMP). The dark matter detector is a two-phase time projection chamber (TPC) filled with ultra-pure liquid argon. The TPC is placed inside a muon and a neutron active vetoes to suppress the background. Using argon as active target has many advantages, the key features are the strong discriminant power between nuclear and electron recoils, the spatial reconstruction and easy scalability to multi-tons size. At the moment DarkSide-50 is filled with ultra-pure argon, extracted from underground sources, and from April 2015 it is taking data in its final configuration. When combined with the preceding search with an atmospheric argon target, it is possible to set a 90% CL upper limit on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of 2.0×10−44 cm2 for a WIMP mass of 100 GeV/c2. The next phase of the experiment, DarkSide-20k, will be the construction of a new detector with an active mass of ∼ 20 tons.

Published
2017
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21. A MEDIPIX2-based imaging system for digital mammography with silicon pixel detectors

Author

M. G. Bisogni, P. Delogu, M. E. Fantacci, S. Linsalata, M. Novelli, M. G. Quattrocchi, V. Rosso, A. Stefanini, METTIVIER, GIOVANNI, MONTESI, MARIA CRISTINA, RUSSO, PAOLO, M. G., Bisogni, P., Delogu, M. E., Fantacci, S., Linsalata, Mettivier, Giovanni, Montesi, MARIA CRISTINA, M., Novelli, M. G., Quattrocchi, V., Rosso, Russo, Paolo, A., Stefanini, Bisogni, M. G., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Novelli, M., Quattrocchi, M., Rosso, V., and Stefanini, A.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Digital mammography, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), Integrated circuit, Square-wave resolution function (SWRF), Imaging phantom, law.invention, Optics, law, Single-photon counting chip, Nuclear electronics, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mammography, Silicon pixel detector, Image resolution, Physics, Pixel, business.industry, Detector, Digital imaging, 42.50.Ar Photon counting and statistic, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 07.85.Fv X-ray detectors, business, 87.59.ej digital mammography
Abstract

We present the first tests of a digital imaging system based on a silicon pixel detector bump bonded to an integrated circuit operating in single-photon counting mode. The X-ray sensor is a 300-/spl mu/m-thick silicon, 14/spl times/14 mm/sup 2/ sensitive area, upon which a matrix of 256 /spl times/ 256 (65536) square pixel, 55 /spl mu/m in side, has been built. The readout chip, named MEDIPIX2, has been developed at CERN within the MEDIPIX2 collaboration and it is composed by a matrix of 65536 readout channels exactly with the same geometry of the detector. The spatial resolution properties of the system have been assessed by measuring the square-wave resolution function and the first images of a standard mammographic phantom were acquired using a radiographic tube in the clinical irradiation condition.

Published
2004

22. DIGITAL SYSTEM BASED ON A BICHROMATIC X-RAY SOURCE AND A SINGLE-PHOTON COUNTING DEVICE: A SINGLE-EXPOSURE DUAL-ENERGY MAMMOGRAPHY APPROACH

Author

RUSSO, PAOLO, M. G. BISOGNI, S. FABBRI, M. GAMBACCINI, Larry E. Antonuk, Martin J. Yaffe, Russo, Paolo, M. G., Bisogni, S., Fabbri, and M., Gambaccini

Subjects
Digital mammography, Single photon counting detector
Abstract

In this work we exploit the advantages of using a bi-chromatic X-rays source coupled with a single photon counting pixel detector to perform a feasibility study for dual energy mammography. This technique allows enhancing the contrast between different breast tissues by composing two images acquired at two different energies. The high and low energy images have been acquired by a single X-ray shot. The bi-chromatic beam has been produced per diffraction of polychromatic photons by a monochromator crystal. The imaging system is based on a single photon counting silicon pixel detector. The data read-out is performed by a VLSI Integrated Circuit bump-bonded to the sensor. The energy threshold of each electronics channel can be individually trimmed. We set the threshold of one pixel below 16 keV while the threshold of the neighboring pixel between 16 and 32 keV. With a single exposure the information from both energies is recorded. After separation between low and high threshold pixels, we obtained two independent images. We acquired radiographs of phantoms made of three different materials. Appling a dual energy algorithm, we obtained synthesized images where any of the three materials is removed from the radiograph, enhancing the contrast between the two remaining.

Published
2002

23. BIORT: An experiment for the assessment of the biological effects of very high dose rate and dose per pulse electron irradiations

Author

SCAMPOLI, PAOLA, GIALANELLA, GIANCARLO, GROSSI, GIANFRANCO, MANTI, LORENZO, PUGLIESE, MARIAGABRIELLA, M. G. BISOGNI, C. CARPENTIERI, F. DI MARTINO, M. DURANTE, M. GIANNELLI, V. MAGADDINO, C. MORIELLO, S. RIGHI, Scampoli, Paola, Bisogni, M. G., C., Carpentieri, F., DI MARTINO, M., Durante, Gialanella, Giancarlo, M., Giannelli, Grossi, Gianfranco, V., Magaddino, Manti, Lorenzo, C., Moriello, Pugliese, Mariagabriella, and S., Righi

Published
2008

24. Misura dell'efficacia biologica relativa di fasci di elettroni prodotti da un acceleratore per IORT

Author

SCAMPOLI, PAOLA, GROSSI, GIANFRANCO, MANTI, LORENZO, PUGLIESE, MARIAGABRIELLA, M. G. Bisogni, C. Carpentieri, F. di Martino, M. Durante, G. Gialanella, M. Giannelli, V. Magaddino, C. Moriello, S. Righi, Società Italiana di Fisica, Scampoli, Paola, Bisogni, M. G., C., Carpentieri, F., di Martino, M., Durante, G., Gialanella, M., Giannelli, Grossi, Gianfranco, V., Magaddino, Manti, Lorenzo, C., Moriello, Pugliese, Mariagabriella, and S., Righi

Abstract

La radioterapia intraoperatoria (IORT) è una recente modalità di trattamento che prevede la somministrazione di una singola dose di elettroni in sede di intervento chirurgico. Le condizioni di irraggiamento prevedono ratei di dose e di dose per impulso molto più alti rispetto alle radioterapia convenzionale con LINAC (200 e 20 volte maggiori, rispettivamente), con nuovi problemi dosimetrici e radiobiologici da affrontare. Cellule di carcinoma mammario sono state irraggiate con elettroni prodotti dall???acceleratore per IORT dell???azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Pisa e con raggi X presso l???Università di Napoli Federico II per la misura della sopravvivenza clonogenica e la valutazione dell???efficacia biologica relativa.

Published
2008

25. LCCAL: A CALORIMETER PROTOTYPE FOR FUTURE LINEAR COLLIDERS

Author

F. Simonetto, M. Alemi, J. Marczewski, B. Nadalut, M. Anelli, M. Cordelli, Massimo Caccia, G. Bisogni, E. Borsato, L. Ramina, A. Bulgheroni, Paolo Checchia, R. Peghin, E. Vallazza, Martino Margoni, S. Bertolucci, M. Prest, C. Fanin, and S. Miscetti

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Calorimeter (particle physics)
Published
2005
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26. The CALMA project

Author

S. R. Amendolia, M. G. Bisogni, U. Bottigli, M. A. Ciocci, P. Delogu, M. E. Fantacci, P. Maestro, V. M. Marzulli, E. Pernigotti, N. Romeo, V. Rosso, A. Samaritani, A. Stefanini, and S. Stumbo

Published
1998

27. Construction Techniques of the High Resolution Lead/Scintillating Fibre Electromagnetic Calorimeter for the KLOE Experiment

Author

M. Anelli, G. Bisogni, A. Ceccareli, A. De Paolis, A. Di Virgilio, G. Ferretti, E. Iacuessa, L. Iannotti, H.T. Li, U. Martini, A. Olivieri, A. Rutili, S. Valeri, C.S. Yang, Y. Yang, S. Tolaini, F. Basti, M. Bertino, A. Iacoangeli, C. Piscitelli, and M. Siteni

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

The electromagnetic calorimeter of the KLOE experiment at the DAFNE j-factory is a lead-scintillating fibre sampling device. This calorimeter is arranged as a "barrel" closed at both ends with an "end-cap" consists in 24 modules defining a cylinder, 4,3 long, with 4 m inner diameter. Each end-caps consists of 32 modules running vertically along the chords of the circle inscribed into the barrel. In this paper the calorimeter construction techniques are described.

Published
1997
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28. Particle beam microstructure reconstruction and coincidence discrimination in PET monitoring for hadron therapy.

Author

E Kostara, G Sportelli, N Belcari, N Camarlinghi, P Cerello, A Del Guerra, V Ferrero, E Fiorina, G Giraudo, M Morrocchi, F Pennazio, M Pullia, A Rivetti, M D Rolo, V Rosso, R Wheadon, and M G Bisogni

Subjects
HADRONS, PARTICLE beams, COINCIDENCE, POSITRON emission tomography, RADIOACTIVE decay, PROTON beams, ION beams
Abstract

Positron emission tomography is one of the most mature techniques for monitoring the particles range in hadron therapy, aiming to reduce treatment uncertainties and therefore the extent of safety margins in the treatment plan. In-beam PET monitoring has been already performed using inter-spill and post-irradiation data, i.e. while the particle beam is off or paused. The full beam acquisition procedure is commonly discarded because the particle spills abruptly increase the random coincidence rates and therefore the image noise. This is because random coincidences cannot be separated by annihilation photons originating from radioactive decays and cannot be corrected with standard random coincidence techniques due to the time correlation of the beam-induced background with the ion beam microstructure. The aim of this paper is to provide a new method to recover in-spill data to improve the images obtained with full-beam PET acquisitions. This is done by estimating the temporal microstructure of the beam and thus selecting input PET events that are less likely to be random ones. The PET detector we used was the one developed within the INSIDE project and tested at the CNAO synchrotron-based facility. The data were taken on a PMMA phantom irradiated with 72 MeV proton pencil beams. The obtained results confirm the possibility of improving the acquired PET data without any external signal coming from the synchrotron or ad hoc detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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29. Full-beam performances of a PET detector with synchrotron therapeutic proton beams.

Author

M A Piliero, F Pennazio, M G Bisogni, N Camarlinghi, P G Cerello, A Del Guerra, V Ferrero, E Fiorina, G Giraudo, M Morrocchi, C Peroni, G Pirrone, G Sportelli, and R Wheadon

Subjects
POSITRON emission tomography, PROTON therapy, TREATMENT effectiveness
Abstract

Treatment quality assessment is a crucial feature for both present and next-generation ion therapy facilities. Several approaches are being explored, based on prompt radiation emission or on PET signals by -decaying isotopes generated by beam interactions with the body. In-beam PET monitoring at synchrotron-based ion therapy facilities has already been performed, either based on inter-spill data only, to avoid the influence of the prompt radiation, or including both in-spill and inter-spill data. However, the PET images either suffer of poor statistics (inter-spill) or are more influenced by the background induced by prompt radiation (in-spill). Both those problems are expected to worsen for accelerators with improved duty cycle where the inter-spill interval is reduced to shorten the treatment time. With the aim of assessing the detector performance and developing techniques for background reduction, a test of an in-beam PET detector prototype was performed at the CNAO synchrotron-based ion therapy facility in full-beam acquisition modality. Data taken with proton beams impinging on PMMA phantoms showed the system acquisition capability and the resulting activity distribution, separately reconstructed for the in-spill and the inter-spill data. The coincidence time resolution for in-spill and inter-spill data shows a good agreement, with a slight deterioration during the spill. The data selection technique allows the identification and rejection of most of the background originated during the beam delivery. The activity range difference between two different proton beam energies (68 and 72 MeV) was measured and found to be in sub-millimeter agreement with the expected result. However, a slightly longer (2 mm) absolute profile length is obtained for in-spill data when compared to inter-spill data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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30. Evaluation of event position reconstruction in monolithic crystals that are optically coupled.

Author

M Morrocchi, W C J Hunter, A Del Guerra, T K Lewellen, P E Kinahan, L R MacDonald, M G Bisogni, and R S Miyaoka

Subjects
SCINTILLATORS, POSITRON emission tomography, CRYSTAL detectors
Abstract

A PET detector featuring a pseudo-monolithic crystal is being developed as a more cost-effective alternative to a full monolithic crystal PET detector. This work evaluates different methods to localize the scintillation events in quartered monolithic crystals that are optically coupled. A semi-monolithic crystal assembly was formed using four 26  ×  26  ×  10 mm3 LYSO crystals optically coupled together using optical adhesive, to mimic a 52  ×  52  ×  10 mm3 monolithic crystal detector. The crystal assembly was coupled to a 64-channel multi-anode photomultiplier tube using silicon grease. The detector was calibrated using a 34  ×  34 scan grid. Events were first filtered and depth separated using a multi-Lorentzian fit to the collected light distribution. Next, three different techniques were explored to generate the look up tables for the event positioning. The first technique was ‘standard interpolation’ across the interface. The second technique was ‘central extrapolation’, where a bin was placed at the midpoint of the interface and events positioned within the interface region were discarded. The third technique used a ‘central overlap’ method where an extended region was extrapolated at each interface. Events were then positioned using least-squares minimization and maximum likelihood methods. The least-squares minimization applied to the look up table generated with the standard interpolation technique had the best full width at half maximum (FWHM) intrinsic spatial resolution and the lowest bias. However, there were discontinuities in the event positioning that would most likely lead to artifacts in the reconstructed image. The central extrapolation technique also had discontinuities and a 30% sensitivity loss near the crystal–crystal interfaces. The central overlap technique had slightly degraded performance metrics, but it still provided ~2.1 mm intrinsic spatial resolution at the crystal–crystal interface and had a symmetric and continuously varying response function. Results using maximum likelihood positioning were similar to least-squares minimization for the central overlap data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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31. SiPM-matrix readout of two-phase argon detectors using electroluminescence in the visible and near infrared range

Author

C. E. Aalseth, S. Abdelhakim, P. Agnes, R. Ajaj, I. F. M. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. Alici, A. K. Alton, P. Amaudruz, F. Ameli, J. Anstey, P. Antonioli, M. Arba, S. Arcelli, R. Ardito, I. J. Arnquist, P. Arpaia, D. M. Asner, A. Asunskis, M. Ave, H. O. Back, V. Barbaryan, A. Barrado Olmedo, G. Batignani, M. G. Bisogni, V. Bocci, A. Bondar, G. Bonfini, W. Bonivento, E. Borisova, B. Bottino, M. G. Boulay, R. Bunker, S. Bussino, A. Buzulutskov, M. Cadeddu, M. Cadoni, A. Caminata, N. Canci, A. Candela, C. Cantini, M. Caravati, M. Cariello, F. Carnesecchi, A. Castellani, P. Castello, P. Cavalcante, D. Cavazza, S. Cavuoti, S. Cebrian, J. M. Cela Ruiz, B. Celano, R. Cereseto, S. Chashin, W. Cheng, A. Chepurnov, C. Cicalò, L. Cifarelli, M. Citterio, F. Coccetti, V. Cocco, M. Colocci, E. Conde Vilda, L. Consiglio, F. Cossio, G. Covone, P. Crivelli, I. D’Antone, M. D’Incecco, M. D. Da Rocha Rolo, O. Dadoun, M. Daniel, S. Davini, S. De Cecco, M. De Deo, A. De Falco, D. De Gruttola, G. De Guido, G. De Rosa, G. Dellacasa, P. Demontis, S. De Pasquale, A. V. Derbin, A. Devoto, F. Di Eusanio, L. Di Noto, G. Di Pietro, P. Di Stefano, C. Dionisi, G. Dolganov, F. Dordei, M. Downing, F. Edalatfar, A. Empl, M. Fernandez Diaz, C. Filip, G. Fiorillo, K. Fomenko, A. Franceschi, D. Franco, E. Frolov, G. E. Froudakis, N. Funicello, F. Gabriele, A. Gabrieli, C. Galbiati, M. Garbini, P. Garcia Abia, D. Gascón Fora, A. Gendotti, C. Ghiano, A. Ghisi, P. Giampa, R. A. Giampaolo, C. Giganti, M. A. Giorgi, G. K. Giovanetti, M. L. Gligan, O. Gorchakov, M. Grab, R. Graciani Diaz, M. Grassi, J. W. Grate, A. Grobov, M. Gromov, M. Guan, M. B. B. Guerra, M. Guerzoni, M. Gulino, R. K. Haaland, B. R. Hackett, A. Hallin, M. Haranczyk, B. Harrop, E. W. Hoppe, S. Horikawa, B. Hosseini, F. Hubaut, P. Humble, E. V. Hungerford, An. Ianni, A. Ilyasov, V. Ippolito, C. Jillings, K. Keeter, C. L. Kendziora, I. Kochanek, K. Kondo, G. Kopp, D. Korablev, G. Korga, A. Kubankin, R. Kugathasan, M. Kuss, M. La Commara, L. La Delfa, M. Lai, M. Lebois, B. Lehnert, N. Levashko, X. Li, Q. Liqiang, M. Lissia, G. U. Lodi, G. Longo, R. Lussana, L. Luzzi, A. A. Machado, I. N. Machulin, A. Mandarano, S. Manecki, L. Mapelli, A. Margotti, S. M. Mari, M. Mariani, J. Maricic, M. Marinelli, D. Marras, M. Martínez, A. D. Martinez Rojas, M. Mascia, J. Mason, A. Masoni, A. B. McDonald, A. Messina, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, A. Moggi, S. Moioli, J. Monroe, M. Morrocchi, T. Mroz, W. Mu, V. N. Muratova, S. Murphy, C. Muscas, P. Musico, R. Nania, T. Napolitano, A. Navrer Agasson, M. Nessi, I. Nikulin, V. Nosov, J. A. Nowak, A. Oleinik, V. Oleynikov, M. Orsini, F. Ortica, L. Pagani, M. Pallavicini, S. Palmas, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, F. Pazzona, S. Peeters, P. A. Pegoraro, K. Pelczar, L. A. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, N. Pelliccia, F. Perotti, V. Pesudo, E. Picciau, F. Pietropaolo, A. Pocar, T. R. Pollmann, D. Portaluppi, S. S. Poudel, P. Pralavorio, D. Price, B. Radics, F. Raffaelli, F. Ragusa, M. Razeti, C. Regenfus, A. L. Renshaw, S. Rescia, M. Rescigno, F. Retiere, L. P. Rignanese, C. Ripoli, A. Rivetti, J. Rode, A. Romani, L. Romero, N. Rossi, A. Rubbia, P. Sala, P. Salatino, O. Samoylov, E. Sánchez García, E. Sandford, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sant, D. Santone, R. Santorelli, C. Savarese, E. Scapparone, B. Schlitzer, G. Scioli, E. Segreto, A. Seifert, D. A. Semenov, A. Shchagin, A. Sheshukov, S. Siddhanta, M. Simeone, P. N. Singh, P. Skensved, M. D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, G. Sobrero, A. Sokolov, A. Sotnikov, R. Stainforth, A. Steri, S. Stracka, V. Strickland, G. B. Suffritti, S. Sulis, Y. Suvorov, A. M. Szelc, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, T. Thorpe, A. Tonazzo, A. Tosi, M. Tuveri, E. V. Unzhakov, G. Usai, A. Vacca, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, T. Viant, S. Viel, F. Villa, A. Vishneva, R. B. Vogelaar, J. Wahl, J. J. Walding, H. Wang, Y. Wang, S. Westerdale, R. J. Wheadon, R. Williams, J. Wilson, Ma. M. Wojcik, Ma. Wojcik, S. Wu, X. Xiao, C. Yang, Z. Ye, M. Zuffa, G. Zuzel, and The DarkSide-20k collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases is used in two-phase detectors for dark matter searches to record (in the gas phase) the ionization signal induced by particle scattering in the liquid phase. The “standard” EL mechanism is considered to be due to noble gas excimer emission in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). In addition, there are two alternative mechanisms, producing light in the visible and near infrared (NIR) ranges. The first is due to bremsstrahlung of electrons scattered on neutral atoms (“neutral bremsstrahlung”, NBrS). The second, responsible for electron avalanche scintillation in the NIR at higher electric fields, is due to transitions between excited atomic states. In this work, we have for the first time demonstrated two alternative techniques of the optical readout of two-phase argon detectors, in the visible and NIR range, using a silicon photomultiplier matrix and electroluminescence due to either neutral bremsstrahlung or avalanche scintillation. The amplitude yield and position resolution were measured for these readout techniques, which allowed to assess the detection threshold for electron and nuclear recoils in two-phase argon detectors for dark matter searches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical application of the NBrS effect in detection science.

Published
2021
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32. The foot (Fragmentation Of Target) experiment

Author

Argiro, S., Barbosa, D., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bruni, G., Bisogni, M. G., Brambilla, S., Camarlinghi, N., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Lellis, G., Di Crescenzo, A., Durante, M., Faccini, R., Veronica Ferrero, Ferroni, F., Fioralelli, M., Franchini, M., Garbini, M., Giraudo, G., Hild, S., Iacomino, A., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lotti, J., Mattei, I., Marafini, M., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Paramatti, R., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Peroni, C., Ramello, L., Rosso, V., Rovitusog, M., Sanelli, C., Salvatore, M., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Schiavi, A., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spinnato, P., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Testa, M., Tioukov, V., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Villa, M., Zoccoli, A., Argiro, S., D., Barbosa, G., Battistoni, N., Belcari, G., Bruni, M. G., Bisogni, S., Brambilla, N., Camarlinghi, P., Cerello, E., Ciarrocchi, A., Clozza, DE LELLIS, Giovanni, DI CRESCENZO, Antonia, M., Durante, R., Faccini, V., Ferrero, F., Ferroni, M., Fioralelli, M., Franchini, M., Garbini, G., Giraudo, S., Hild, A., Iacomino, Lauria, Adele, C., La Tessa, J., Lotti, Mattei, M., Marafini, Montesi, MARIA CRISTINA, M. C., Morone, M., Morrocchi, S., Muraro, L., Narici, R., Paramatti, N., Pastrone, V., Patera, C., Peroni, L., Ramello, V., Rosso, M., Rovituso, C., Sanelli, M., Salvatore, A., Sarti, G., Sartorelli, O., Sato, A., Schiavi, E., Scifoni, A., Sciubba, M., Selvi, L., Servoli, M., Sitta, R., Spighi, P., Spinnato, E., Spiriti, G., Sportelli, M., Testa, V., Tioukov, F., Tommasino, G., Traini, S. M., Valle, M., Villa, A., Zoccoli, Argiro S., Barbosa D., Battistoni G., Belcari N., Bruni G., Bisogni M.G., Brambilla S., Camarlinghi N., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., De Lellis G., Di Crescenzo A., Durante M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Ferroni F., Fioralelli M., Franchini M., Garbini M., Giraudo G., Hild S., Iacomino A., Lauria A., La Tessa C., Lotti J., Mattei I., Marafini M., Montesi M.C., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Narici L., Paramatti R., Pastrone N., Patera V., Peroni C., Ramello L., Rosso V., Rovitusog M., Sanelli C., Salvatore M., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Schiavi A., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spinnato P., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Testa M., Tioukov V., Tommasino F., Traini G., Valle S.M., Villa M., and Zoccoli A.

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Foot, fragmentation, hadrotherapy, cross section, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Physics::Medical Physics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Nuclear Physics, Particle Therapy, Target Fragmentation, Nuclear Experiment, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract

Particle therapy uses proton or 12C beams for the treatment of deep-seated solid tumors. Due to the features of energy deposition of charged particles a small amount of dose is released to the healthy tissue in the beam entrance region, while the maximum of the dose is released to the tumor at the end of the beam range, in the Bragg peak region. However nuclear interactions between beam and patient tissues induce fragmentation both of projectile and target and must be carefully taken into account. In 12C treatments the main concern are long range fragments due to projectile fragmentation that release dose in the healthy tissue after the tumor, while in proton treatment the target fragmentation produces low energy, short range fragments along all the beam range. The FOOT experiment (FragmentatiOn Of Target) is designed to study these processes. Target nuclei (16O,12C) fragmentation induced by 150-250 AMeV proton beam will be studied via inverse kinematic approach. 16O,12C therapeutic beams, with the quoted kinetic energy, collide on graphite and hydrocarbons target to provide the cross section on Hydrogen. This configuration explores also the projectile fragmentation of these 16O,12C beams. The detector includes a magnetic spectrometer based on silicon pixel detectors and drift chamber, a scintillating crystal calorimeter with TOF capabilities, able to stop the heavier fragments produced, and a ΔE detector to achieve the needed energy resolution and particle identification. An alternative setup of the experiment will exploit the emulsion chamber capabilities. A specific emulsion chambers will be coupled with the interaction region of the FOOT setup to measure the production in target fragmentation of light charged fragments as protons, deuterons, tritons and Helium nuclei. The FOOT data taking is foreseen at the CNAO experimental room and will start during early 2018 with the emulsion setup, while the complete electronic detector will take data since 2019.

Published
2016

33. GaAs pixel radiation detector as an autoradiography tool for genetic studies

Author

E. Bertolucci, S. R. Amendolia, Maria Agnese Ciocci, Maria Evelina Fantacci, U. Bottigli, Paolo Russo, Valeria Rosso, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, A. M. Stefanini, Simone Stumbo, N. Romeo, V. Marzulli, A. Ceccopieri, Pasquale Delogu, E. Pernigotti, Giovanni Mettivier, Marcello Rossetti Conti, Paolo Maestro, Bertolucci, Ennio, Conti, Maurizio, Mettivier, Giovanni, Russo, Paolo, S. R., Amendolia, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, A., Ceccopieri, M. A., Ciocci, P., Delogu, M. E., Fantacci, P., Maestro, V. M., Marzulli, E., Pernigotti, N., Romeo, V., Rosso, A., Stefanini, and S., Stumbo

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Pixel, business.industry, GaAs, Monte Carlo method, Detector, autoradiography, Noise (electronics), Particle detector, Semiconductor detector, Optics, Genetic, "Autoradiography", genetics, Sensitivity (control systems), business, Instrumentation, Image resolution
Abstract

We present an autoradiography tool to be used mainly for genetic studies. It performs a quantitative analysis of radioactivity and can follow a dynamic process. We designed several applications, in particular one aimed at detecting hybridization of radio-labeled DNA fragments with known DNA-probes deposited on a micro-array. The technique is based on GaAs pixel array detector and low threshold, large dynamic range and good sensitivity integrated electronics developed for medical applications, suitable to detect markers (gamma or beta) such as 14C, 35S, 33P, 32P, 125I, even at very low activities. A Monte Carlo simulation of β− detection in GaAs is presented here in order to study the spatial resolution characteristics of such a system. For several biological applications, the electronics is required to perform at high temperatures (from 37° to 68°): we present here studies of noise and minimum threshold as a function of the temperature.

Published
1999
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34. Autoradiography with silicon strip detectors

Author

Angelo Taibi, M. Caria, Mauro Gambaccini, E. Mancini, Valeria Rosso, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Paolo Russo, A. M. Stefanini, Maria Evelina Fantacci, Michele Marziani, G. Madonna, A. Del Guerra, E. Bertolucci, Paolo Randaccio, Salvator Roberto Amendolia, Marcello Rossetti Conti, R. Beccherle, G. Grossi, U. Bottigli, Raffaele Tripiccione, R Marchesini, E., Bertolucci, M., Conti, Grossi, Gianfranco, G., Madonna, E., Mancini, Russo, Paolo, M., Caria, P., Randaccio, A., DEL GUERRA, M., Gambaccini, R., Marchesini, M., Marziani, A., Taibi, R., Beccherle, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, M. E., Fantacci, V., Rosso, A., Stefanini, R., Tripiccione, and S. R., Amendolia

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Activity measurements, Silicon, chemistry, Detector, Radiochemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Mammary cells, Linearity, Active surface, Instrumentation
Abstract

A digital autoradiography system based on double sided silicon strip detectors (1.6 × 1.6 mm2 active surface with 100 μm pitch) has been developed and successfully tested with beta-emitting tracers. It is shown here that the system is able to perform imaging of organic material with specific sensitivity as small as 0.002 nCi/mm2, and to record activity measurements with good linearity in the range 0.002–20 nCi/mm2. Autoradiographic images of clusters of mammary cells marked with ortho-(32P)phosphate, obtained with an exposure time of about 10 min are presented.

Published
1996
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35. LOW-DOSE EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATIONS IN IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: A MULTI-SCALE APPROACH STUDY

Author

Antoccia A, Argazzi E. b, Balata M, Bedogni R, Bisogni G, Bono M, Bottigli U, Brunetti A, Buttafava A, Castellani G, Centis F, Cesarini W, Cherubini R, Cossu A, Cugia G, Dattena M, De Nadal V, Dondi D, Esposito A, Faucitano A, Fiori P. L, Fusco E, Gerardi S, Laubenstein M, Lucarini A, Marengo M, Masala G. L, Nieri D, Nisi S, Picardi F, Pintus G, Posadino A, Randaccio P, Remondini D, Stramigioli S, Tanzarella C, Valentini M, Zamai L, Zini G, Zironi I., BERARDINELLI, FRANCESCO, SGURA, Antonella, A. Antoccia, E. Argazzi, M. Balata, R. Bedogni, F. Berardinelli, G. Bisogni, M. Bono, U. Bottigli, A. Brunetti, A. Buttafava, G. Castellani, F. Centi, W. Cesarini, R. Cherubini, A. Cossu, G. Cugia, M. Dattena, V. De Nadal, D. Dondi, A. Esposito, A. Faucitano, P. L. Fiori, E. Fusco, S. Gerardi, M. Laubenstein, A. Lucarini, M. Marengo, G. L. Masala, D. Nieri, S. Nisi, F. Picardi, G. Pintu, A. Posadino, P. Randaccio, D. Remondini, A. Sgura, S. Stramigioli, C. Tanzarella, M. Valentini, L. Zamai, G. Zini, I. Zironi, Antoccia, A, Argazzi E., B, Balata, M, Bedogni, R, Berardinelli, Francesco, Bisogni, G, Bono, M, Bottigli, U, Brunetti, A, Buttafava, A, Castellani, G, Centis, F, Cesarini, W, Cherubini, R, Cossu, A, Cugia, G, Dattena, M, De Nadal, V, Dondi, D, Esposito, A, Faucitano, A, Fiori P., L, Fusco, E, Gerardi, S, Laubenstein, M, Lucarini, A, Marengo, M, Masala G., L, Nieri, D, Nisi, S, Picardi, F, Pintus, G, Posadino, A, Randaccio, P, Remondini, D, Sgura, Antonella, Stramigioli, S, Tanzarella, C, Valentini, M, Zamai, L, Zini, G, and Zironi, I.

Subjects
ionizing radiation, apoptosis, cell survival, apoptosis, ionizing radiation, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, cell survival
Abstract

""Long-term biological effects of low-dose radiation are little known nowadays and its carcinogenic risk is estimated on the assumption that the risk remains linearly proportional to the radiation dose down to low-dose levels. However in the last 20 years this hypothesis has gradually begun to seem in contrast with a huge collection of experimental evidences, which has shown the presence of a plethora of non-linear phenomena (including hypersensitivity and induced radioresistance, adaptive response, and non-targeted phenomena like bystander effect and genomic instability) occurring after low-dose irradiation. These phenomena might imply a non-linear behaviour of cancer risk curves in the low-dose region and question the validity of the Linear No-Threshold (LNT) model currently used for cancer risk assessment through extrapolation from existing high-dose data. Moreover only few information is available regarding the effects induced on cryopreserved cells by multi-year background radiation exposure, which might induce a radiation-damage accumulation, due to the inhibition of cellular repair mechanisms. In this framework, the multi-year EXCALIBUR (EXposure effeCts At Low doses of Ionizing radiation in Biological CultURes) experiment, funded by INFN-CNS5, has undertaken a multiscale approach investigation on the biological effects induced in in vitro and in vivo biological systems, in culture and cryopreserved conditions, as a function of radiation quality (X\\\/γ-rays, protons, He-4 ions of various energies) and dose, with particular emphasis on the low-dose region and non-linear phenomena, in terms of different biological endpoints. PACS 87.53.-j-Effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems. PACS 87.53.Ay-Biophysical mechanisms of interaction. PACS 87.53.Bn-Dosimetry\\\/exposure assessment. PACS 87.18.Gh-Cell-cell communication; collective behavior of motile cells""

Published
2011

39. Photons counting of a 2D silicon μ-strip detector in high X-rays flux environment: double coincidences recovery

Author

R Marchesini, A.S.R. Tripiccione, Paolo Russo, R. Beccherle, Marcello Rossetti Conti, E. Fantacci, Valeria Rosso, A. Del Guerra, Mauro Gambaccini, E. Bertolucci, U. Bottigli, Michele Marziani, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Angelo Taibi, A., Del Guerra, M., Gambaccini, M., Marziani, R., Marchesini, A., Taibi, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, E., Fantacci, V., Rosso, A. S. R., Tripiccione, E., Bertolucci, M., Conti, Russo, Paolo, and R., Beccherle

Subjects
Physics, medicine.medical_specialty, Digital mammography, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Monte Carlo method, X-ray detector, Coincidence, Photon counting, Optics, medicine, Medical physics, business, Parametric statistics
Abstract

The double coincidence probability is a well known limitation to the rate capability of a 2-D detector with independent X- and Y-readout. The authors have implemented a parametric Monte Carlo simulation which could help in optimizing the double coincidence recovery. They have applied the parametric simulation to a specific 2-D solid state detector, they are developing for application in digital mammography.

Published
2002
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40. Detection performance of SIGaAs detectors for nuclear medicine

Author

Adriano Cola, Paolo Russo, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Paolo Maestro, Maria Evelina Fantacci, E. Bertolucci, Lorenzo Vasanelli, U. Bottigli, A. M. Stefanini, Valeria Rosso, Fabio Quaranta, Giovanni Mettivier, Marcello Rossetti Conti, Bertolucci, Ennio, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, Conti, Maurizio, A., Cola, M. E., Fantacci, P., Maestro, Mettivier, Giovanni, F., Quaranta, V., Rosso, Russo, Paolo, A., Stefanini, and L., Vasanelli

Subjects
radiation detector, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Photon, business.industry, Gaas detectors, Radiation, Signal, Spectral line, Nuclear medicine, Detection performance, GaA, Irradiation, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

Thiscollaborationhasalreadyobtainedencouragingresultsabouttheperformanceof200and600mmthicksemi-insulatingGaAsdetectors,intermsofchargecollectionefficiency(c.c.e.),detectionefficiencyandimagingcapabilities,tobeusedassinglephotoncountingdetectorswithphotonsintheradiographicenergyrange.Thepossibleuseofsuchdetectorsinnuclearmedicineimpliesdetectionofmoreenergeticphotons,uptothe140keVofthe 99m Tcsource;thusefficientdetectorsmustbethickerthanthosepreviouslystudied.Inthispaper,wepresenttheresultsoftheinvestigationofelectricalanddetectionproperties(spectra,c.c.e.,energyresolution)ofaseriesofdetectors,whosethicknessrangesfrom 200to1000mm, when irradiated with radioactive sources over the energy range used in nuclear medicine.# 2001 ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved. 1. IntroductionIn nuclear medicine, in applications as scinti-graphy and single photon emission computedtomography(SPECT)thephotonstobedetectedare emitted by a radioisotope present into thepatient thanks to a radiopharmaceutical (radio-isotope-taggedcompound),whichcanbeinjected,ingested or breathed [1], in order to ‘‘trace’’variousfunctionsofthebody.Oneoftheprimaryadvantages associated with the use of radionu-clides is the large signal (the emitted radiation)obtainedfromtherelativelysmallmassofradio-nuclide employed for a given study. The minutemass of the radiolabeled material allows for theobservation without disturbance of the systemunder study through pharmacological or toxico-logicaleffect.Thephysicalcharacteristicsofradio-nuclides that are desirable for nuclear medicineimaginginclude:asuitablephysicalhalf-life;decayvia photon emission; associated photon energyhigh enough to penetrate the body tissue withminimal tissue attenuation and low enough toallowingforminimalthicknessofcollimatorsepta;absenceofparticulateemission.

Published
2001

41. Investigation on semi-insulating GaAs detectors using laser-induced current pulses

Author

Giovanni Mettivier, Marcello Rossetti Conti, Fabio Quaranta, E. Bertolucci, M. Quattrocchi, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Lorenzo Vasanelli, Maria Evelina Fantacci, Paolo Russo, Adriano Cola, U. Bottigli, Bertolucci, Ennio, Conti, Maurizio, Mettivier, Giovanni, M., Quattrocchi, Russo, Paolo, A., Cola, F., Quaranta, L., Vasanelli, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, and M. E., Fantacci

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Drift velocity, business.industry, Schottky barrier, GaAs, Detector, Schottky diode, Saturation velocity, laser, Electric field, detectors, transient current technique, lasers, Optoelectronics, GaA, business, Instrumentation, Diode, Voltage, Radiation detector
Abstract

Current pulses produced by absorption of picosecond near-infrared light pulses have been used in order to analyze the shape of the electric field and charge transport properties in semi-insulating (SI) GaAs Schottky barrier X- and gamma-ray detectors. Diodes with square pads of side 0.2–1 mm on 200, 600 and 1000-μm-thick SI GaAs substrates have been illuminated from the front (Schottky) contact, from the back (ohmic) side and laterally between the contacts. Current pulses have been recorded with a fast digital sampling oscilloscope, at room temperature, without using any signal amplification. Current and charge pulse shapes have been analyzed as a function of reverse bias voltage, positioned on the detector surface and optical wavelength around the near-infrared absorption edge of GaAs. The wavelength tuning allows for increasing light penetration lengths. Signal analysis gives the peak current, total collected charge and the charge collection time, which are related to the average strength of the electric field and the drift velocity field, while pulse shape depends on the local value of these fields. The experimental results show that a complete detector characterization is feasible with this optical technique, in a manner analogous to that commonly done with gamma- or X- or alpha-ray sources, with the advantage of analyzing the charge collection time. An additional advantage is represented by focusing the light beam on the detector surface, for 1D or 2D scan.

Published
2001

42. SI-GaAs detectors with epitaxial junction

Author

Adriano Cola, R. Fucci, A. Passaseo, R. Rossi, F. Quaranta, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Giovanni Mettivier, Marcello Rossetti Conti, Maria Evelina Fantacci, G. Melone, Paolo Russo, A., Cola, F., Quaranta, R., Fucci, G., Melone, R., Rossi, A., Passaseo, Conti, Maurizio, Mettivier, Giovanni, Russo, Paolo, M. G., Bisogni, and M. E., Fantacci

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, business.industry, Schottky barrier, GaAs, Doping, epitaxy, Electron, Epitaxy, Particle detector, Gallium arsenide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Optoelectronics, nuclear detector, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Leakage (electronics), Voltage
Abstract

High leakage currents and incomplete charge collection limit the performance of detectors obtained from bulk semi-insulating (SI) GaAs. In this contest, a crucial role is played by the electron limiting contact. We have investigated the effect of an epitaxial p-type layer deposited on the semi-insulating substrate in place of the usual Schottky contact. Electrical characterization evidences an effect of the p-layer only at low voltages, but radiation detection experiments show an improvement of the charge collection efficiency, which is function of the doping level of the p-layer. In particular both /spl alpha/ and X irradiations give evidence of gain mechanisms in the collected charge. From these results, the strong relation between the structure of the electron-blocking interface and the charge collection properties of these detectors comes out.

Published
1999

43. Use of silicon and GaAs pixel detectors for digital autoradiography

Author

R Marchesini, E. Bertolucci, N. Romeo, C. Da Via, E. Heijen, Valeria Rosso, G. Grossi, Val O'Shea, Paolo Russo, Paolo Randaccio, W. Snoeys, Salvator Roberto Amendolia, Saverio D'Auria, P. Middelkamp, Michael Campbell, E. Mancini, A. Del Guerra, Mauro Gambaccini, R. Beccherle, E. Chesi, A. M. Stefanini, Kevin M. Smith, Maria Evelina Fantacci, L. Scharfetter, Ubaldo Bottigli, Maria Agnese Ciocci, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Marcello Rossetti Conti, E., Bertolucci, M., Conti, Grossi, Gianfranco, E., Mancini, Russo, Paolo, M., Campbell, E., Chesi, E., Heijne, P., Middelkamp, L., Scharfetter, P., Randaccio, R., Beccherle, A., Del Guerra, M., Gambaccini, R., Marchesini, C., Da Via', S., D'Auria, V., O'Shea, K., Smith, W., Snoey, S. R., Amedolia, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, M. A., Ciocci, M. E., Fantacci, N., Romeo, V., Rosso, O. A., Stefanini, S. R., Amendolia, C., Davia, A., Delguerra, S., Dauria, V., Oshea, and A., Stefanini

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Radioactive tracer, Pixel, Silicon, Detector, Analytical chemistry, Solid-state, chemistry.chemical_element, Biomedical equipment, hybrid pixel detector, law.invention, Electrophoresis, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, law, Electronic engineering, Silicon pixel detector, Autoradiography, GaA, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Silicon radiation detectors
Abstract

Solid state detectors made of Si (4.8/spl times/8 mm/sup 2/) and GaAs (6.4/spl times/8 mm/sup 2/) pixel matrices bump-bonded to the Omega2 and Omega3 electronic read-out systems, developed at CERN for H.E.P. experiments, have been used to obtain autoradiographic images of clusters of human epithelial cells and DNA fragments separated via electrophoresis, both labeled with /sup 32/P. The system has shown a good minimum detectable activity per unit area of 2.10/sup -4/ cps mm/sup -2/, and has proved linear for a count rate in the range 0.2-20 cpa, typical of autoradiography. The pixel dimensions are 75/spl times/500 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ (Si-Omega2) and 50/spl times/500 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ (GaAs-Omega3), respectively. We are able to clearly localize clusters of cells which have incorporated the radioactive tracer and DNA fragments on an electrophoretic gel on paper (blots).

Published
1997

44. Single photon 2-D imaging system prototype for biopsy digital mammography

Author

Cisternino, A., Del Guerra, A., Folli, M., Gambaccini, M., Marziani, M., Marchesini, R., Taibi, A., Bisogni, M. G., Bottigli, U., Fantacci, E., Rosso, V., Stefanini, A., raffaele tripiccione, Bertolucci, E., Conti, M., Russo, P., Beccherle, R., A., Cisternino, A. D., Guerra, M., Folli, M., Gambaccini, M., Marziani, R., Marchesini, A., Taibi, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, E., Fantacci, V., Rosso, A., Stefanini, R., Tripiccione, E., Bertolucci, M., Conti, Russo, Paolo, and R., Beccherle

Subjects
Microstrip detector, RADIOGRAPHY, DETECTOR
Abstract

We have developed a digital radiography system based on double sided microstrip silicon crystals. The detector is 300 mu m thick, equipped with 320 channels for each side. The strip pitch is 100 mu m. The read-out system consists of a VLSI integrated analog circuit with low noise preamplification, pulse shaping, threshold discrimination. The two main issues of this Front End chip are low noise and good timing information. It has 64 channels which provide a digital pulse whenever one strip of the detector is hit. The channel number is then encoded by the digital chip which is directly bonded to the analog Front-End. This is accomplished on both sides independently. To reconstruct the spatial position an X-Y coincidence unit is used. The two signals produced along the two coordinates are lime related by sampling the Front-End outputs with a common clock signal. The two correlated signals are then presented to the coincidence unit at the same clock cycle. To accomplish the on-line image reconstruction the time unit recognizes these correlated signals as one real event and updates a related histogram. This system is suitable for X-ray imaging, optimized for stereotaxic mammography in the 18-22 keV photon energy range.

Published
1997

45. A high-rate X-Y coincidence VLSI system for 2-D imaging detectors

Author

Valeria Rosso, U. Bottigli, A. M. Stefanini, R Marchesini, Mauro Gambaccini, E. Bertolucci, Raffaele Tripiccione, Paolo Russo, A. Del Guerra, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Marcello Rossetti Conti, E. Fantacci, R. Beccherle, A., Delguerra, M., Gambaccini, R., Marchesini, E., Bertolucci, M., Conti, Russo, Paolo, R., Beccherle, M. G., Bisogni, U., Bottigli, E., Fantacci, V., Rosso, A., Stefanini, and R., Tripiccione

Subjects
Very-large-scale integration, Physics, High rate, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Digital mammography, business.industry, Detector, Vlsi chip, Coincidence, DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY, Data acquisition, business, Instrumentation, Computer hardware, Silicon microstrip detectors
Abstract

We describe a VLSI-based processing system performing X - Y coincidence at a very high rate in the synchronous mode. The processor has been designed for applications in digital mammography with two-sided μ-strip silicon detectors but can be used to provide the computational section of any imaging system that needs fast coincidence. The VLSI chip has been successfully tested on a 32 + 32 channels DAQ chain.

Published
1997

46. The biological effectiveness of Intra-Operative RadioTherapy (IORT) beams

Author

Manti, L., Scampoli, P., Di Martino, F., Magaddino, V., Moriello, C., Annalisa D'Arco, Bisogni, G., Carpentieri, C., Gialanella, G., Giannelli, M., Grossi, G., Manti, Lorenzo, Scampoli, Paola, F., Di Martino, Magaddino, Vera, C., Moriello, A., D’Arco, G., Bisogni, C., Carpentieri, Gialanella, Giancarlo, M., Giannelli, and Grossi, Gianfranco

Subjects
Intra Operative Radiation Therapy, biological effects, high dose rate

47. Exploring the Role of CCNF Variants in Italian ALS Patients.

Author

Bisogni G, Conte A, Costantino U, Lattante S, Bernardo D, Lucioli G, Patanella AK, Cimbolli P, Del Giudice E, Vettor F, Marangi G, Doronzio PN, Zollino M, and Sabatelli M

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Italy, Middle Aged, Aged, Mutation, Missense, Cyclins genetics, Frontotemporal Dementia genetics, Frontotemporal Dementia pathology, Genetic Association Studies, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Phenotype, Adult, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genetics
Abstract

Objectives: Variants in Cyclin F ( CCNF ) have been associated to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and/or frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in a group of cases. The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of CCNF in a large cohort of Italian ALS patients, to look for genotype-phenotype correlation of the mutations and to evaluate the CCNF -associated clinical features. Methods: We applied next-generation sequencing technologies on 971 unrelated Italian ALS patients and we filtered results to look for variants in CCNF gene. Results: We identified 13 rare missense variants in 16 index cases (2 familial and 14 sporadic), with a cumulative mutational frequency of 1.6%. The most prevalent variant was p.Phe197Leu, found in three patients. The clinical presentation was heterogeneous, with a classic phenotype in eight patients, upper motor neuron dominant (UMN-D) phenotype in four patients, and flail arm in four patients. Clinical evaluation for cognitive impairment was performed in 13 patients using the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS) test, demonstrating that almost half of the patients ( n = 6) had variable degrees of frontal dysfunction. Discussion: In our cohort, we observed CCNF variants in 1.6% of patients (16/971), a percentage similar to that found in other series. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, but CCNF variants are significantly associated to cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Our study expands the CCNF genetic variant spectrum in a large cohort of Italian ALS patients. Further studies are needed to assess genotype-phenotype associations of CCNF variants and to specify the role of each variant, which are quite common, especially in sALS patients.

Published
2024
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48. Clinical and genetic features of CMT2T in Italian patients confirm the importance of MME pathogenic variants in idiopathic, late-onset axonal neuropathies.

Author

Geroldi A, La Barbera A, Mammi A, Origone P, Gaudio A, Ponti C, Sanguineri F, Matà S, Sperti M, Carboni I, Bellone E, Gotta F, Gemelli C, Massucco S, Valeria G, Marinelli L, Grandis M, Bisogni G, Sabatelli M, Piscosquito G, Esposito G, Schenone A, Manganelli F, Mandich P, Tozza S, and Luigetti M

Subjects
Humans, Female, Male, Italy, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Age of Onset, Mutation, Metalloendopeptidases genetics, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease genetics, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease physiopathology
Abstract

Background and Aims: Since 2016, biallelic mutations in the membrane metalloendopeptidase (MME) gene have been associated with late-onset recessive CMT2 (CMT2T). More recently, heterozygous mutations have also been identified in familial and sporadic patients with late-onset axonal neuropathy, ranging from subclinical to severe. This indicates that the heterozygous MME variants may not be fully penetrant, or alternatively, that they may be a potential risk factor for neuropathy. Here, we describe the clinical, neurophysiological, and genetic findings of 32 CM2T Italian patients., Methods: The patients were recruited from four different Italian referral centers. Following a comprehensive battery of neurological, electrophysiological, and laboratory examinations, the patients' DNA was subjected to sequencing in order to identify any variants in the gene. Bioinformatic and modeling analyses were performed to evaluate the identified variants' effects., Results: We observe a relatively mild axonal sensory-motor neuropathy with a greater impairment of the lower extremities. Biallelic and monoallelic patients exhibit comparable disease severity, with an earlier onset observed in those with biallelic variants. When considering a subgroup with more than 10 years of disease, it becomes evident that biallelic patients exhibit a more severe form of neuropathy. This suggests that they are more prone to quick progression., Interpretation: CM2T has been definitively defined as a late-onset neuropathy, with a typical onset in the fifth to sixth decades of life and a more rapidly progressing worsening for biallelic patients. CMT2T can be included in the neuropathies of the elderly, particularly if MME variants heterozygous patients are included., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Peripheral Nerve Society.)

Published
2024
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49. Long-term treatment of SOD1 ALS with tofersen: a multicentre experience in 17 patients.

Author

Sabatelli M, Cerri F, Zuccarino R, Patanella AK, Bernardo D, Bisogni G, Tanel R, Sansone V, Filosto M, Lattante S, Martello F, Doronzio PN, Stano S, Zanfini BA, Coccia M, Costantini EM, Lizio A, Lucioli G, Padovani A, Merlini GP, and Conte A

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Neurofilament Proteins blood, Neurofilament Proteins cerebrospinal fluid, Disease Progression, Adult, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Cohort Studies, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis drug therapy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis blood, Superoxide Dismutase-1 genetics
Abstract

Background: In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients with SOD1 mutation the intrathecal administration of tofersen slowed down the progression of disease in a controlled clinical study, but results were not statistically significant., Methods: In this multicentre, observational study, we evaluated a cohort of 27 ALS-SOD1 patients who were treated with tofersen, focussing on 17 patients who were followed for at least 48 weeks (median period of 84 weeks, range 48-108). We compared the clinical slopes, as measured by ALSFRS-R, MRC scale and Forced Vital Capacity, during tofersen treatment with retrospective data at 1 year prior to therapy. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum neurofilament light chains (NFL) were measured in all patients., Results: Cumulative evaluation of the ALSFRS-R and MRC progression rates showed a statistically significant change during treatment with respect to the period prior to therapy (p = 0.023 and p = 0.007, respectively). The analysis of individual patients showed that nine of the seventeen patients substantially stabilized or slightly improved. Four patients deteriorated during treatment, while in the remaining patients the very slow course did not allow to identify significant changes. CSF and serum NFL concentration markedly decreased in the near totality of patients. Increased levels of white blood cells and proteins in the CSF were found in 60% of patients. Such alterations were clinically asymptomatic in all but two patients who showed an acute pure motor radiculitis, which responded to steroid therapy., Conclusions: Clinical findings and NFL analysis strongly suggest that tofersen may have a disease-modifying effect in a subset of SOD1-ALS patients., (© 2024. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2024
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50. Early detection of nerve involvement in presymptomatic TTR mutation carriers: exploring potential markers of disease onset.

Author

Romano A, Guglielmino V, Bisogni G, Di Paolantonio A, Truini A, Minnella AM, Sciarrone MA, Vitali F, Maceroni M, Galosi E, Sabatelli M, and Luigetti M

Subjects
Humans, Prealbumin genetics, Early Diagnosis, Mutation genetics, Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial diagnosis, Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial genetics, Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial therapy
Abstract

Background: Hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis is a heterogeneous, progressive, multisystemic disease with a life-threatening course if left untreated. Given the current availability of effective therapies, close follow-up of presymptomatic TTR mutation carriers is essential to recognize disease onset at the earliest sign. In addition to routine techniques, in recent years several novel tools have been proposed, although a consensus on their use has not been reached yet. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate possible markers of neuropathic disease onset intended to discriminate clinically asymptomatic carriers from early symptomatic patients, thus allowing timely treatment initiation., Methods: Thirty-eight presymptomatic carriers were enrolled. Clinical and electrophysiological findings at first evaluation and follow-up were collected. All carriers underwent an extensive clinical and instrumental evaluation according to the standard clinical practice. One or more non-routine investigations, whose use in this field is not yet validated (henceforth "unconventional"), were additionally assessed in a subgroup of individuals., Results: Based on the exclusive use of routine investigations, it was possible to define disease onset in 4/38 carriers during the follow-up. Employing additionally one or more "unconventional" tests, abnormal findings, indicative of a possible "conversion" to symptomatic disease, were detected in further 12 cases. More than half of our study cohort showed findings suggestive of small nerve fiber (SF) involvement at either invasive or non-invasive tests., Conclusions: A close, multidisciplinary monitoring of presymptomatic TTR mutation carriers is fundamental, and diagnostic workup should include both routine and "unconventional" tests. Assessment of SF involvement is important also in non-endemic countries., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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