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Plants are an important source of medicines and play a vital role in achieving the WHO’s goal of universal well-being. People are becoming aware of the medicinal value of natural needs. Among, many medicinal plants,Limonia acidissimaL. which belong to Rutaceae family, emerged out to be one of the most valuable plants owing multiple medicinal properties. Wood apple orLimonia acidissimaL.contains 15% citric acid, potassium, calcium and iron salt. The seed and pulp contain fats and protein. The present work was undertaken to lay down the physio-chemical evaluation, phytochemicals and biological parameters. Later the pulp powder of wood apple was extracted with and antidiabetic activity,where later two activities were performed by bioautography ethanol by Soxhlet method. The preliminary phytochemicals analysis revealed presence of all tested compounds like Alkaloids, Tannins, Phenolic compounds, Saponins, Steroids and flavonoids. When HPTLC was performed, plates were observed under UV Light and it gave characteristic banding pattern which is unique toLimonia acidissimaL. The ethanolic extract ofLimonia acidissimaL. showed a good antibacterial, antioxidant method.&nbsp

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are bursts of electromagnetic energy released when supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies violently disrupt stars that pass too close. TDEs provide a new window to study accretion onto supermassive black holes; in some cases, this accretion leads to launching of a relativistic jet, but the necessary conditions are not fully understood. Here, we report the optical discovery of AT2022cmc, a rapidly fading source located at redshift z=1.19325. Observations of a bright counterpart at other wavelengths, including X-rays, sub-millimeter, and radio, supports the interpretation of AT2022cmc as a jetted TDE containing a synchrotron ``afterglow.'' Using 4 years of Zwicky Transient Facility survey data, we calculated a rate of 0.02 ^{+ 0.04 }_{- 0.01 } Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1} for jetted TDEs based on the luminous, fast-fading red component, thus providing a measurement complementary to the rates derived from X--ray and radio observations (Brown et al., 2015), confirming that ~1% of TDEs have on-axis jets. Forthcoming observations of AT2022cmc could resolve the jet through high-resolution imaging, while optical surveys have the potential to unveil a population of cosmological flares of the AT2022cmc class.

A recommender system is a model which has the ability to predict the list of items according to the user’s preferences or ratings. Recommender systems have huge areas of application ranging from music, books, movies, search queries, and social sites to news. A recommender system filters information into various categories which may be personalized or non-personalized. Recommendation systems are very useful for the user in discovering those items which they may not have found else ways. These above-mentioned systems are quite similar to search queries except that search queries need to be explicitly provided by the user but recommender system may do it implicitly without the user having prior knowledge about its working. There are many algorithms used in recommendation systems such as restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM), slope one, singular value decomposition, alternating least squares. This paper presents an in-depth study and analysis of the following two algorithms: Review-based popularity model and collaborative filtering model. Popularity model is a straightforward model based on the popularity and rating of an item given to it by the user. Collaborative filtering model is a very efficient and popular model and is used by many popular organizations like Netflix, Amazon, and Facebook.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) today generate a large amount of data which is then analyzed on a centralized server to get actionable insights from the data. As the entire IoT infrastructure is expensive for the user, especially in the case of a farmer, precision agriculture improves the overall cost of farm products. Precision agriculture helps farmers by making farming efficient, and due to this, less wastage occurs during the process. This paper proposes an approach to get these actionable insights from the data within the WSNs. The analysis generated in the network will be shown on specified intelligent nodes which will handle all the processing. Due to this, the cost of maintaining a centralized server is reduced and the overall infrastructure cost for the analysis of crop monitoring system is affordable by a farmer. The analysis done in this paper is mainly on soil moisture data which helps in predicting the growth of the plant. By knowing the growth rate of the plant, a farmer can tweak this rate with the amount of water he pours and a prediction is provided for the growth of the plant. This way there is no excess amount of water used on the plant which may harm the plant. This analysis will help the farmer to monitor growth rate of the farm in a controlled manner.

Background: Post-acne facial scarring has always been a challenge to treat. It requires multiple therapeutic modalities as single modality is not hundred percent effective. Therefore, we have combined CO2 laser resurfacing with subcision in patients with acne scars for better results. Objectives: The aim is to study the effectiveness and side effects of CO2 laser with subcision in patients with atrophic acne scars. Methods: Fifty patients were selected for the study. Baseline grading was done with Goodman and Baron grading system. Twenty-five patients were randomly selected for subcision followed by CO2 laser and the remaining patients were selected for CO2 laser alone. The treatment was done for four sessions at 4-week interval. Clinical photographs were obtained for evaluation. Results: CO2 laser with subcision showed excellent response in grade-2 and -3 acne scars. Statistically there is a significant difference between CO2 laser following subcision and CO2 laser alone at 5% level (p < 0.05). Both proc...

Multiple myeloma and acute leukemia may sometimes occur in the same patient, usually in patients with myeloma who receive chemotherapy and subsequently develop acute leukemia. However, simultaneous occurrence of myeloma and acute leukemia on presentation is rare, with only a handful of such cases reported in the literature.

Objective of the study is the retrospective evaluation of clinico-hematological and cytogenetic profile of patients with erythroleukemia (EL) in a south Indian population. Case records of all patients with acute myeloid leukemia seen in the Department of Medical Oncology at Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, between January 1997 and December 2004 were reviewed. Clinical details were noted and slides were reviewed. A total of 326 AML patient were diagnosed of whom 14 patients had AML M6. Contribution of EL to all forms of AML was 4.3%. The mean age was 37.1+13.9 yrs (range: 16-65); most patients were in their 4th decade, with a male: female ratio of 3.67: 1. Mean duration of symptoms in the present series was 10.9+6.9 weeks. Cytogenetics were normal in 71% of cases, and minor abnormalities were observed in 21% of cases. As a conclusion relative low incidence of secondary EL, more frequent normal karyotype, and relatively younger age observed in our series makes the picture of EL in our subcontinent different from that in other series reported thus far.

Post-acne facial scarring has always been a challenge to treat. It requires multiple therapeutic modalities as single modality is not hundred percent effective. Therefore, we have combined COThe aim is to study the effectiveness and side effects of COFifty patients were selected for the study. Baseline grading was done with Goodman and Baron grading system. Twenty-five patients were randomly selected for subcision followed by COCOThe highly versatile CO

Background: Vitiligo is a common depigmentation disorder involving persons of all ages and both genders uniformly throughout the races. The highest incidence of vitiligo has been recorded in Indians from the Indian subcontinent, along with Mexicans and Japanese.Methods: Patients visiting Dermatology OPD were recruited for the study at the tertiary health care centre, Mc Gann’s teaching district hospital Shivamogga. Data regarding health-related status and other factors were collected between May 2016 and October 2017.Results: Among the potential candidates, 8.6% of our study population was with the positive family history of vitiligo and 50.9% were females and 49.1% were males. Patients with age from 27-36 years were found to be affected mostly. The most common site of onset was the lower limbs (30%) followed by head and neck (25.4%) with the commonest pattern to be of acro-facial type.Conclusions: This study suggests that local epidemiological behavior of vitiligo was not the same across different regions. Variations did exist and may possibly be due to certain clinico-epidemiological parameters of Shimoga viz., prevalence of associated diseases and its extent of involvement.

The mixed ligand complexes MLA of Cu(II) and Co(II) with Schiff base derived from 4-amino antipyrine and 5-NO(2) salicylaldehyde (2,3 -dimethyl-1-phenyl-4-(2-hydroxy-5-nitro benzylideneamino)-pyrazol-5-one) as ONO donor (L) and A = 2,2 bipyridine (bpy),1,10 phenonthroline (1,10 phen) as N, N donor ligands have been prepared, owing to their biological and other applications. The structural features have arrived from their elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, Mass, IR, UV-VIS, powdered XRD and ESR spectral studies, that established MLA type of composition for the metal complexes. The electronic absorption spectral data of the complexes suggest an octahedral geometry around the central metal ion. The interaction of the complexes with Calf Thymus (CT) DNA has been studied using absorption spectra, viscosity measurements and fluorescence spectra. The binding constants (K(b)) of the complexes were determined as 2.1 × 10(6) M(-1) for complex 1, 2.5x10(6)M(-1) for complex 2, 1.16 × 10(6) M(-1) for complex 3,1.25x10(6)M(-1) for complex 4, DNA cleavage experiments performed on pBR-322 plasmids using metal complexes in the presence of H(2)O(2) showed that all the complexes afford a pronounced DNA cleavage. Molecular modelling studies were also performed to confirm the geometries of the complexes. The ligand and their metal complexes were screened for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria. The results showed that the metal complexes are biologically active.

Coffee is referred as Brown Gold as it accounts major share in Indian exchequer. In recent years, increase in the domestic coffee consumption attributed to expansion of domestic markets and growing young population. To study the trends in wholesale prices of coffee, the monthly price data of Arabica plantation ‘A’ and Robusta cherry ‘AB’ of Bengaluru, Chennai and Hyderabad markets were collected from Coffee Board of India, Bengaluru. These data were subjected to Linear trend, Co-integration and Granger Causality tests. The Markov chain model was fitted to study the structural changes in export. The results indicated that, the wholesale prices of Arabica plantation ‘A’ and Robusta cherry ‘AB’ in selected markets increased during the study period but the extent vary from market to market. The co-integration test indicated that, the wholesale prices at Bengaluru market for Arabica plantation ‘A’ and Robusta cherry ‘AB’ influence heavily on both Chennai and Hyderabad markets. Italy and Germany emerged as most loyal/stable importer of Arabica plantation ‘A’ whereas Italy and Spain for Robusta cherry ‘AB’ coffee.

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the breast is a rarely reported in adults, and it occurrence is mostly observed in children. We report a case of primary rhabdomyosarcoma of breast in a 40-year-old lady, who presented in early stage and is in complete remission after one year of treatment.

Imatinib is presently the commonest prescribes drug for patients of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CP) worldwide. Its ocular side effects are little known. Optic neuritis caused by this drug has not been reported (Medline search). We describe perhaps the first case of optic neuritis caused by this drug.

17017 Background: Oral cancer is a major problem in India. Most of these patients present with locally advanced disease not amenable to upfront surgery. The treatments of these patients are often c...

20710 Background: The long duration and frequent administration of chemotherapy in cancer patients requires long term venous access. Subclavian central venous catheters (SCVC) and peripherally inse...

17077 Background: The cancer load in India is enormous and majority of the cases present in an advanced stage. There is no valid translation of 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in Kannada, which is a simple but indispensable tool in the comprehensive cancer care (both for metastatic and in adjuvant settings). Therefore we thought of developing and validating the GHQ-12 Questionnaire into Kannada language. Methods: The study was conducted at kidwai memorial institute of Oncology, Bangalore, a tertiary cancer center with an annual attendance of 16,000 new cases. We have chosen educated patients who can speak and write both English and Kannada. We used ’forward-backward’ translation procedure into Kannada. We used scores from 0–3 for the Questionnaire. Total score for both languages was calculated. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Validity was performed using convergent validity. Finally, the factor structure of the questionnaire was extracted by performing principal component analysis using oblique factor solution. Results: A total of 118 patients with various malignancies were entered into the study. The mean age was 36.8 ± 12.1 years. The mean GHQ score was 21.6 ± 9.1 for the English and 22.6 ± 8.1 for Kannada. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory result (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.79). The principal component analysis with oblique rotation solution showed that the GHQ-12 was a measure of psychological morbidity with four -factor structure that jointly accounted for 48 % of the variance. Conclusions: The Kannada version of the GHQ-12 is a reliable and valid instrument with a good structural characteristic. It can be used for measuring psychological well being at our institute for those patients who can read and write only Kannada. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

11043 Aim: To analyze the efficacy, tolerability, toxicity profile, quality of life, survival rates and pharmaco-economics of TAC vs. FAC in women with ER/PR positive breast cancer and >4 involved lymph nodes. Methods: 100 patients with >4 node-positive breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive either 6 cycles of taxane-based (TAC) or anthracycline-based (FAC) adjuvant chemotherapy. All the patients received adjuvant radiotherapy and hormonal therapy after completion of chemotherapy. The primary end point was to assess disease-free survival (2 years), toxicity profile, QOL and to analyze the pharmaco-economics of both therapies. All patients completed EORTC QLQ 30, BR 23 questionnaire before randomization and before every cycle of chemotherapy. Pharmaco-economic feasibility was determined using cost of drugs, duration of hospital stay, laboratory investigations, management of complications and loss of wages. Treatment: The treatment (dose in mg/m2) was as follows: TAC: docetaxel 75, doxorubicin 50, cyclophosphamide 500; CAF: 5 flourouracil 500, doxorubicin 50, cyclophosphamide 500. Results: The patient demographics and primary tumor characteristics were comparable in both the arms. Taxane- based regimen was associated with decreased global QOL and physical function. The cost of TAC regimen was 25 times more than FAC regimen. Conclusion: Although TAC regimen had longer DFS as compared to FAC, it was associated with a higher incidence of side effects and increased duration of hospital stay. Further, high cost precludes its wide-spread use, and FAC regimen still continues to be the first choice treatment of high-risk node and receptor-positive breast cancer in a third world country like India. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

17539 Background: One of the common toxicities observed with small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors are skin rashes, which were proven to predict the response to therapy in cases of lung cancer (Ann. Onc., 2005; 16(5): 780 - 785). However, very few have evaluated the same in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) on treatment with imatinib. Therefore we thought of doing a prospective study to evaluate skin rashes, and compare it with the clinical, hematological, cytogenetic and molecular remission rates in CML patients on Imatinib therapy. Methods: It is a non randomized, prospective study conducted at a tertiary care cancer center with an approximate attendance of 15,000 new cases. The patients were stratified into those who had skin reactions and do not. CTC version 3.0 was used to assess the skin toxicity. Differences in the proportions were calculated with the help of Medcalc Version 7.5. Results: A total of 314 patients with CML were evaluated who were on regular treatment with Imatinib. Hematological response was assessed monthly, cytogenetic analysis (available in 212 patients) at the end of 3rd month and molecular response (available in 136 patients) at the end of 6th months respectively. The response rates in two groups are as follows. *Percentages calculated for the subset of patients in whom results of either cytogenetic or molecular response are available Conclusion: Our findings suggest that skin reactions are not a good marker to predict either response rates or progression free interval in cases of CML. This is further substantiated by the findings that the percent of skin reactions in west are far less compared to our results, who had a better molecular as well as cytogenetic responses. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Background: In patients with small-volume disseminated disease of germ cell tumors, cure can be achieved with four cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). However, around 20% of these cases are not curable. Strategies to improve cure rates have shown that none of the currently available modalities were superior to the others. Among the most used ones, BEP and VIP (etoposide, cisplatin, and ifosfamide) have been the most studied. However, there are no reports comparing the two, except for a few in abstract forms from southern India. Therefore, we did a treatment outcome and cost-effectiveness analysis of two chemotherapeutic regimens (BEP vs VIP) that are used in poor-prognosis metastatic germ cell tumors. Materials and Methods: All male patients with germ cell tumors, diagnosed as having poor risk by IGCCCG, between January 2002 and December 2004 were included in the study. Clinical, laboratory, and other data were recorded. The patients were stratified into two categories on the basis of the type of chemotherapeutic regimen they received. Results: In all, 46 patients were analyzed, with a median follow up of 26.6 months. The baseline characteristics (age, stage, PS, histology, and serum markers) were not different in the two treatment arms. There is no significant difference in the outcome with either of the chemotherapeutic modalities. VIP is less cost effective and more toxic compared to BEP. Conclusion: In view of the greater toxicity and cost of therapy, as well as lack of either overall or disease free survival advantage, VIP is not a preferred option for patients with high-risk germ cell tumors in the Indian setting and it is still advisable to treat patients with BEP.

16522 Background: Skin reactions are observed in up to 30–45% of all patients of CML on imatinib therapy. Owing to its low molecular weight it is less likely to be immunologically mediated. Therefore most of them can be managed without discontinuation of therapy. We tried to look into the spectrum of the skin reactions observed in CML patients receiving imatinib, and tried to see any change with the phase of the disease (chronic/accelerated/blast crisis) or difference in the brand of drug they are receiving. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India. A total of 235 patients were analyzed between Jan 2004 and Dec 2005. Clinical details were noted from the case records. Differences were calculated for the means using SPSS 13.0 for windows. Results: The age, total episodes of reactions, mean time to develop and to heal along with grade of reactions are summarized in the table . A total of 191 patients received the international brand and the total episodes of skin reactions observed were 68 with 4 grade III/IV toxicities. 54 patients received local brand and 17 of them developed skin reactions and 2 of which were grade III/IV. There is no difference in the time taken for resolution of skin reactions (23.8 + 6.7 vs. 25.2 + 7.5) (p = NS). Conclusion: There are no significant differences in skin reactions observed with brand of imatinib used. Patients with accelerated phase and blast crisis developed reactions at little earlier. As most of the patients in the later said conditions had a shorter survival, we could not comment conclusively on the time to heal according to phase of the disease. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

14638 Purpose: Retrospective comparison of treatment out come and cost effective analysis in two chemotherapeutic regimens (BEP vs. VIP) for poor-prognosis metastatic germ cell tumors in India, a resource poor nation. Methods: All male patients with poor risk germ cell tumors were included in the study between 2001–2003. The patients were stratified into two categories depending on the type of the regimens they received. Results: Finally 36 patients were analyzed with median follow up of 21.8 months. Medical 7.5 for windows was used for the analysis. The baseline characters (age, stage, PS, histology and serum markers) were not different in two treatment arms (P > 0.05). The different treatments (BEP vs. VIP) had no statistically significant influence on the outcome. VIP is less cost effective and more toxic compared to BEP. Conclusion: In view of absence of survival advantage and more toxicities as well as cost of therapy it would be appropriate to still treat the patients of high risk germ cell tumors with the conventional BEP rather than VIP in the Indian setting and keeping the later reserved for the relapse. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Metastasis from colorectal carcinoma occurs by either lymphatic or hematogenous spread. The most common sites of colorectal metastasis are the liver and lung. Involvement of the skin, muscles and bones are quite rare. The prognosis in such patients is usually poor. Herewith, we are reporting a case of colonic carcinoma who had cutaneous metastasis, muscular involvement and diffuse skeletal metastasis. At the end, she had brain metastasis, but liver and lung involvement was not observed till the end.