Search

Crop residues returned to the soil can maintain or enhance soil quality and productivity through favourable effects on soil properties and life-support processes. The field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2021-2022 at the Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla, ANGRAU, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh to study the “Responses of soil enzymatic activity to rice residue management technologies and fertilizer levels in the rice rhizosphere on a clay loam”. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with the rice residue management practices, assigned to the main plots and fertilizer levels to sub plots. The main plot comprised four different rice residue management practices viz; Straw burning (M1), Straw incorporation (M2), Straw incorporation + FYM @ 5.0 t ha-1 (M3) and Straw incorporation + DI (decomposing inoculum) + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 (M4). Three fertilizer levels were applied to rice viz., 75% RDF (S1), 100% RDF (S2) and 125% RDF (S3), as sub plot treatments. Enzyme activities viz., dehydrogenase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities at panicle initiation were significantly influenced by the crop residue management practices and fertilizer levels while their interactions were not significant. Straw incorporation + DI + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 showed significantly higher enzymatic activities among the residue management practices and among the fertilizer levels, 125% RDF is significantly superior over 75% RDF.

The present trend in electric power transmission technology evolves with the latest high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission network. Silicone rubber (SiR) composite insulators are predominantly used since two decades for high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission lines. In case of HVAC transmission line, the performance of SiR insulators is promising; however, there are failures reported with their uses for HVDC transmission line. In this research work, SiR composite formulations are varied to study their effective changes in the direct current (DC) tracking and erosion resistance. Four different weight percentage (wt%) aluminum trihydrate (ATH) fillers loaded SiR formulations are prepared and invariably subjected to positive polarity DC inclined plane tracking (DCIPT) test before and after ultraviolet (UV) aging. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study has been carried out to understand their morphological changes after and before UV aging. The results of these tests indicated that DC tracking and erosion resistance effectively reduced severe surface degradation for UV-aged SiR material. However, the 40 wt% ATH-filled SiR sample performed well exhibiting higher time to failure in positive DCIPT and thus could be better usable as HVDC insulation material.

We know, one Act has been initiated by the Government of India in September 2020, often known as Farm Bills or Indian Agricultural Act. This act has been affected farmers in many ways and led to opposition to the bills. As a result, there is a wide area for doing sentiment on the data taken from this domain, so we are making sentiment analysis on it. On comparing different algorithms like Logistic Regression, VADER, and BERT, we could see that BERT is having more accuracy as compared to the other algorithms. But we could see that VADER is a good algorithm as they are having special qualities as compared to that of the other algorithm. So, we thought to Improve VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner) sentiment analysis on Farm Bill Act. Along with this, we are doing Information Extraction on verb and analyzing sentiments on extracted phrases that are related to the verb, to get the accuracy of sentences with verb and without verb. Thus, we get the Dependency of the verb in the sentence.

This paper encapsulates the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with different weight percentages of praseodymium oxide (PrO 2 ), by low-cost environmentally friendly solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method. In this procedure metal nitrates are used as oxidizer with glycine as fuel for the synthesis of nanoparticles. This procedure involves propagation of self-sustained exothermic reactions in aqueous or sol-gel media. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared nanoparticles are examined by powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and ultra violet visible near infra-red (UV - Vis NIR) spectroscopy. The XRD patterns of the samples confirm that the average crystalline size of the praseodymium added ZnO samples decreases from 37.32 nm to 18.776 nm, when the praseodymium content increases from 5 to 20% by weight. The HRTEM and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) data clearly show the morphology and structure of the samples. Furthermore, the UV - vis spectra validate the presence of praseodymium content in the ZnO samples.

One of the rare congenital heart diseases is congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries. A pacemaker implantation in congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries is quiet challenging due to altered anatomy. we report a case of 14yr / girl presented with bradycardia, with a history of syncope to emergency department, incidentally CCTGA was discovered. Electrocardiogram shown complete heart block with junction escape rhythm of 55bpm and features suggesting of ventricular inversion. Chest X ray showed cardiomegaly. CCTGA was revealed on twodimensional echocardiography. The implantation of permanent DDDR pacemaker was uneventful, subsequently she recovered and was discharged.

Recently, the number of tweets on COVID-19 are increasing at an unprecedented rate by including positive, negative and neutral tweets. This diversified nature of tweets has attracted the researchers to perform sentiment analysis and analyze the varied emotions of a large public towards COVID-19. The traditional sentiment analysis techniques will only find out the polarity and classify it as either positive, negative or neutral tweets. As an advanced step, the proposed research work attempts to find the sentiment of tweets using Logistic Regression sentiment analysis, VADER sentiment analysis and BERT sentiment analysis. The proposed analysis methods are more sensitive to sentiment expressions in social media contexts, while it can be generalized on the basis of the domain. Even though 3 different algorithms are implemented, all the preprocessing and further steps excluding the sentiment analysis algorithm will remain identical. The identical processing steps will help to compare the proposed three different sentiment analysis algorithms. Furthermore, there are many useful applications with this proposed analysis, as this work obtains a public opinion for the government officials or even for the health officials and help them to work on the basis of the obtained results.

This paper introduces ‘muted bivariate distribution (MBD)’ as a new family of bivariate distributions possessing the property (P) that the concomitant of nth record value on one variable arising from any distribution of this family is distributed identically as the largest order statistic of a sample of size n arising from the marginal distribution of the same variable. Also if the property P is observed on any distribution, then we illustrate a process of impounding the probability density function (pdf) of the nth record value on one variable resulting due to P with the known form of the marginal pdf on the other variable to build up an appropriate MBD of the parent population. Some properties of the newly defined MBD are further derived. We identify the forms of the pdf of the concomitant of generalized upper record value and the pdf of the concomitant of the smallest order statistic of a sample of size n in order that each of the above pdf’s again can be used to generate MBD of the parent population, alternatively. We further observe MBD as a suitable model for describing an astronomical bivariate dataset relating to the galaxy luminosity measurements made under two conditions on globular clusters. For illustrative purposes, a real-life dataset on acacia trees obtained via concomitant record ranked set sampling methodology is considered as an application of this new family of bivariate distributions.

The prodigious growth of automobile users has introduced a strong sense of competition among the manufacturers; eventually, forcing the industry to provide comfort, performance, and serviceability to the consumers. Automobiles with manual transmission do not provide smooth driving. It is difficult to achieve wide ratio coverage through a high number of gears in manual transmission. This paper aims at improving the comfort level of the automobiles with a keen focus on automatic gear changing by incorporating pulse width modulation (PWM) controlled current drivers to control the solenoid valve which in turn governs the automatic gear changing system. In this paper, pulse width modulated voltage signal is given as an input to the MOSFET acting as a switch. The output current from this switch is used to control the movement of the plunger in the solenoid. The torque created due to the movement of the plunger results in the change in pressure of the hydraulic fluid. This pressure controls the clutch pads in turn controlling the planetary gear sets. This results in the change of gear ratio thereby changing the gear of the four-wheeler.

In the present study, dielectric and thermal properties of poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK)-nanocomposites with varying weight percentage of magnesium oxide (MgO) have been reported. The thermal properties of PAEK/MgO nanocomposites were studied using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, thermo-mechanical analysis and thermal conductivity. Transmission electron microscopy of the developed nanocomposites shows agglomerate-free dispersion of MgO nanoparticles in PAEK matrix. From the dielectric properties, dielectric constant of 13 was achieved for 10 wt% PAEK/MgO nanocomposite at 230°C. Further, minimum tan δ and maximum volume resistivity were found for 10 wt% PAEK/MgO nanocomposite. Data from thermal studies indicate that the incorporation of MgO into PAEK significantly enhanced the glass transition temperature and slightly deteriorated the thermal stability, char yield, and flame-retardant properties. Also, highest thermal conductivity and lowest coefficient of thermal expansion were achieved at 10 wt% of the MgO content. An excellent combination of both dielectric and thermal properties of the PAEK/MgO nanocomposites developed in the present study finds its potential application in microelectronics and electrical insulation in power equipments.

This paper presents an ontology-driven question- answering system for Motor Vehicle Department(MVD). The MVD uses the motor vehicle act that regulates almost all the aspects of road transport vehicles. It defines a set of offenses and related penalties. At present all this information are unstructured, so in this work, we propose a Natural Language Processing(NLP) based structured representation for these offenses and its related penalties. We have used Semantic Role Labeling(SRL) to identify the roles of each word in the offenses. We use the result of SRL to create the ontology.

The biodiversity of the Earth, constituted of all the living beings and their environment, plays an important role in the subsistence of life. Due to the recent rapid advancements in science and technology and globalisation, use of biodiversity is at unprecedented levels. This has also brought forth many instances of exploitation and destruction of important biological resources. Recognition in the international community about the importance of the conservation of natural biodiversity, and its components and processes, which was considered as common heritage of mankind till 1992, led to the rise of many multi-lateral international agreements for legal facilitation of utilization of biodiversity for the global economy. This chapter deals with introducing the legal framework under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of 1992, Nagoya Protocol, 2010, and the Indian Biological Diversity Act, 2002, and related rules/regulations for the utilisation of horticultural genetic resources (HGR), with focus on medicinal plants. This chapter also highlights the modes of application of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, in India and the obligations of various stakeholders with respect to utilisation of bio-resources. Few case studies are also provided at the end of the chapter to put the CBD and the BD Act, 2002, in perspective and the challenges in implementation of the Act in an Indian context.

Background: The effect of perineural versus intravenous (i.v.) dexamethasone (4 mg) when added to levobupivacaine as an adjuvant has not been well studied. Aims: This study was conducted to compare the analgesic efficacy of perineural and i.v. dexamethasone as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in infraclavicular brachial plexus (ICBP) block. Settings and Design: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 68 patients with the ultrasound-guided ICBP block, randomly allocated into two groups (34 each). Four patients had failed block (2 in each group) that was excluded from the study. Group A received 25 mL of levobupivacaine 0.5% and 1 mL of normal saline for the block and i.v. dexamethasone 4 mg. Group B received 25 mL of levobupivacaine 0.5% with 4 mg of perineural dexamethasone for the block. Postoperative vitals and different block characteristics were assessed. Statistical Analysis Used: Student's independent sample t-test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The duration of motor block and analgesia in Group A was 1245.94 ± 153.22 min and 1310.16 ± 151.68 min, respectively. However, in Group B, the duration of motor block and analgesia was 1768.13 ± 309.86 min and 1743.59 ± 231.39 min, respectively, which was more when compared to Group A (P < 0.001). The Visual Analog Scale score of ≥3 in Group A was 37% and in Group B was 9% (P = 0.008). Four cases had delayed regression of motor block in the perineural group. Conclusions: Perineural dexamethasone significantly prolonged the duration of motor block promoted by levobupivacaine in infraclavicular brachial plexus block, reduced pain intensity and rescue analgesia needs in the postoperative period when compared with the intravenous dexamethasone.

In this paper, we establish the role of concomitants of order statistics in the unique identification of the parent bivariate distribution. From the results developed, we have illustrated by examples the process of determination of the parent bivariate distribution using a marginal pdf and the pdf of either of the concomitant of largest or smallest order statistic on the other variable. An application of the results derived in modeling of a bivariate distribution for data sets drawn from a population as well is discussed.