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Introduction Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, which is identified by repeated episodes of abnormal synchronous discharge of brain, resulting in several types of deficits. A percentage of them also have mental and motor deficits. Both the epileptic conditions and their medical management can influence oral health. Objective To assess and to compare the oral health status of epileptic children and the healthy children in Bengaluru city. Material and methodology Data was collected from the study group, which included 100 children between age-group 5 and 16 years registered under the Department of Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health (IGICH). Data collected from healthy children as control group and they visited Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, VS Dental College & Hospital (VSDCH) for routine dental check-up. All subjects were examined by single qualified examiner. Gingival Index, plaque index, decayed missing filled teeth for primary teeth (dmft) and for permanent teeth (DMFT) were recorded for both study and control group. Other findings were also recorded such as injury to dentition or oral soft tissues and gingival hyperplasia as side effect of antiepileptic drug therapy. Results There was no statistically significant difference found in dmft and DMFT between control group and study group. But, there was significant difference present in dmft and DMFT on gender basis between control and study group. Conclusion The group of children with epilepsy suffer from several oral health problems such as dental caries, gingival enlargement, periodontal disease, and injuries of the oral cavity, which are associated with seizure-related trauma. How to cite this article Tiwari S, Verma RK, Dhull KS, et al. Assessment of Oral Health Status in Epileptic Children and Healthy Children in Bengaluru City: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(6):768–773.

Hyperglycemia arises due to diabetes mellitus, which is a persistent and life-threatening ailment. In this paper deep convolution neural network can be embedded to long short-term memory networks to recognize early prediction of diabetes and to decrease the complications that can be occurred through diabetes irrespective to the age. Diabetes problem is being gradually growing and presently, it is reported as a significant cause of death in the top spot. According to the recent studies 48% of overall world population will be affected by diabetes by 2045. If diabetes unidentified in early stages, it may cause other additional cardiac problems. In the proposed based work, a deep learning framework deep combination of convolution neural network and long short-term memory is proposed by embedding both to leverage their respective advantages for diabetes recognition and to allow early prediction of diabetes to avoid other complications. The experimental evolution on the bunch mark of diabetes data set demonstrates the proposed model embedded deep long short-term memory outperforms other machine learning and conventional deep learning approaches. The proposed algorithm in this paper outperforms existing techniques and evaluates total effectiveness and accuracy of predicting whether a person will suffer from diabetes.

Loss of E-cadherin and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) are key steps in cancer progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play significant roles in cellular physiology and homeostasis. Roles of E-cadherin (CDH1), EMT and ROS are intriguingly illustrated in many cancers without focusing their collective concert during cancer progression. We report that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment modulate CDH1 gene expression by epigenetic modification(s). Sublethal dosage of H2O2 treatment decrease E-cadherin, increase DNMT1, HDAC1, Snail, Slug and enrich H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 in the CDH1 promoter. The effect of H2O2 was attenuated by ROS scavengers; NAC, lupeol and beta-sitosterol. DNMT inhibitor, AZA prevented the H2O2 induced promoter-CpG-island methylation of CDH1. Treatment of cells with U0126 (inhibitor of ERK) reduced the expression of DNMT1, Snail and Slug, increased CDH1. This implicates that CDH1 is synergistically repressed by histone methylation, DNA methylation and histone deacetylation mediated chromatin remodelling and activation of Snail and Slug through ERK pathway. Increased ROS leads to activation of epigenetic machineries and EMT activators Snail/Slug which in their course of action inactivates CDH1 gene and lack of E-cadherin protein promotes EMT in breast cancer cells. ROS and ERK signaling facilitate epigenetic silencing and support the fact that subtle increase of ROS above basal level act as key cell signaling molecules. Free radical scavengers, lupeol and beta-sitosterol may be tested for therapeutic intervention of breast cancer. This work broadens the amplitude of epigenome and open avenues for investigations on conjoint effects of canonical and intrinsic metabolite signaling and epigenetic modulations in cancer.

Autism spectrum Disorder is a mental imbalance disorder. Research has distinguished that youngsters with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) as a rule show challenges in language securing, proficiency improvement, and social association. Albeit broad examinations have been led to portray shortages in language and social attitudes among youngsters with Autism range issue, inquire about on the proficiency advancement of this gathering is as yet meagre. This is the most valuable data for neurons to take care of a specific issue in light of the fact that the weight typically energizes or hinders the sign that is being conveyed. They will include the provision of information and advocacy, assessment, early intervention therapies, help at school, behavioral support, individual support, supported accommodation and respite. The National Autistic Society’s Pledges initiative, which offers neuro-typical people 18 ways to alter their behaviour in order to help friends and colleagues on the spectrum, they seemed really obvious. Every neuron has an inner state, which is called an actuation signal. Mental imbalance conduct expectation technique helps in dealing with the Autism lack utilizing a few grouping calculations and Neural Networks.

Aims The emphasis on caries prevention and early detection has led to a paradigm shift toward the concept of minimal intervention dentistry (MID). Despite the benefits of MID in the preservation of dental components and significant reliability, the clinical application is still limited. This study was, therefore, aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices, and clinical decision behaviors of dental professionals of Bengaluru city, Karnataka, India. Materials and methods A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted in Bengaluru city, Karnataka, India, in the year 2016 for a period of 1 month among dental professionals. Data were collected using 25 questions focused on knowledge, attitude, practice, and behavior toward MID. The descriptive data were analyzed; statistical evaluation was done by chi-square test. Results Among 100 respondents, the mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and clinical decision were 3.57 ± 0.685, 0 to 4; 18.84 ± 2.21, 5 to 25; and 4.69 ± 0.78, 0 to 6 respectively. Data showed that dental professionals had adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward MID. A weak positive correlation was seen between knowledge and attitude (r = –0.059, p = 0.55) and knowledge and clinical decision (r = –0.050, p = 0.62). Conclusion Adequate knowledge and positive attitude neither influenced their clinical decision-making behavior nor their practical application of MID. A nationwide awareness campaign has to be done to alarm the authorities in making and implementing a course of action for updating the practice and clinical decisions behaviors of dental professionals in the country. How to cite this article Suma G, Salman Y. Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and Practice toward Minimal Intervention Dentistry among Dental Professionals in Bengaluru City, India. J Health Sci Res 2017;8(1):20-24.

Contrast enhancement is an essential step to improve the medical images for analysis and for better visual perception of diseases. Fundus images help in screening and diagnosing the diabetic retinopathy. These images must be enhanced in contrast, and the brightness should be preserved to view the features correctly. In addition, the fundus image should be analyzed by Histogram Equalization-based methods to detect DR abnormalities effectively. In this paper, various image enhancements based on Histogram Equalization have been reviewed on fundus images and the results are compared using image quality measurement tools such as absolute mean brightness error to assess brightness preservation, peak signal-to-noise ratio to evaluate the contrast enhancement, entropy to measure richness of the details of the image. The proposed results show that the Adaptive Histogram Equalization is the best enhancement method which helps in the detection of diabetic retinopathy in fundus images.

Neovascularization is a serious sight-threatening complication of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) occurring in the diabetes mellitus persons, which causes progressive damage to the retina through the growth of new abnormal blood vessels. Preprocessing technique primarily extracts and normalizes the green plane of fundus image used to increase the level of contrast, the change in contrast level has been analyzed using Pair-wise Euclidean distance method. Normalized green plane image is subjected into the two-stage approach: detecting neovascularization region using compactness classifier and classifying neovascularization vessels using neural network. Compactness classifier with morphology-based operator and thresholding techniques are used to detect the neovascularization region. A function matrix box is added to categorize the neovascularization from normal blood vessels. Then, the feed-forward back-propagation neural network for the extracted features like number of segments, gray level, gradient, gradient variation, gray-level coefficient is attempted in Neovascularization region to get an indicative accuracy of classification. The proposed method is tested on images from online datasets and from two hospital eye clinic real-time images with varying quality and image resolution, achieves sensitivity and specificity of 80 and 100% respectively and with an accuracy of 90% gives encouraging abnormal blood vessels classification.

Introduction: Dental erosion is the most common chronic disease in both children and adolescents. It is a progressive, irreversible loss of dental hard tissues by a chemical process. There is a limited literature with regard to the prevalence of dental erosion in school-going children in India. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and severity of dental erosion in school-going children in Bangalore. Aims: To assess tooth erosion and its relationship with dietary habits in 6–18-year-old schoolchildren. Methods and Materials: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Bangalore, India. A sample of 1000 schoolchildren, aged 6–18 years answered questionnaire containing information about dietary habits, gastric disorders, and oral hygiene and dental erosion was recorded using Modified O'Brien index. Results: Of the 1000 participants, 77 (7.7%) had erosive tooth wear. Frequent consumption of soft drinks and citrus fruit intake were strongly associated with dental erosion (P = 0.001). The posterior surface (5%) was most commonly affected by erosive lesions and milk was considered to be a protective indicator for erosion (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The findings give an inference that a low prevalence on dental erosion but a significant relation exists between diet and dental erosion and there is a need for enhancing awareness about dental erosion among the schoolchildren, their parents and should be recognized and treated early.

Introduction : Refractive surgery is considered a safe and effective method for correction of refractive errors in adults. Objective : To report an unusual case of a young child with partially accommodative esotropia presenting with deterioration of vision and worsening of esotropia following refractive surgery. Case report: Unanticipated and progressive irregular corneal astigmatism along with deterioration of visual acuity and loss of stereopsis developed post- LASIK in a seven-year-old Indian child with partially accommodative esotropia. Conclusion: Keratorefractive surgery in young children has to be undertaken with caution, especially in such cases where there is no medical indication for refractive surgery and waiting beyond teenage years is a viable option. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2013; 5(9):109-113 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v5i1.7836

If a child's general health is compromised, care for his/her oral and dental health becomes an absolute necessity. Children with heart diseases require special dental care because of the risk of developing infective endocarditis. Aims and objectives was to evaluate the oral health status, parental oral health care knowledge of the pediatric cardiac patients and non cardiac group and infective endocarditis awareness among the parents of the cardiac group. Materials and methods include a total of 50 children with heart diseases and 50 non -cardiac children aged 2-12 years were examined for dental caries index and simplified debris index. A structured, administered questionnaire for parents/caregivers about knowledge of infective endocarditis and oral health were used for data collection. Results showed no statistically significant differences between the caries experience score for the two groups and oral health knowledge. Knowledge about Infective Endocarditis in parents of study group was very poor. Simplified Debris Index of age group 6-12 years was higher in study groups compared to the controls. Conclusion: Improvements should be made in educating parents and children on the importance of caries prevention and maintaining a good oral hygiene in prevention of infective endocarditis.

Management and portfolio evaluations is one of the crucial tasks that accurately account for valuating a petroleum asset. Usually, variations in input parameters and uncertainty on the evaluation of oil assets affect those processes, as it has been occurring with the price of oil in the last year. This paper presents a new systematic process for the evaluation of portfolios of oil and gas fields where the performance and economic value of an entire portfolio decrease rapidly. The automated cash flow-curve analysis tool presented here uses an event detection algorithm combined with the design of quantile regression technique to provide a robust probabilistic estimate of future PDP (proved-developed-producing) reserves on a well-by-well basis. Individual well behaviors then aggregate stochastically to provide expected field and portfolio declines, with uncertainty ranges. Future well trends are estimated using probabilistic type-curves computed by data mining algorithms with a high-level of granularity. Most discussions and publications to date have centered on the methods to perform portfolio optimization. However, very little emphasis was put on using analytical and data mining methods to evaluate faster the status of a given portfolio. This paper will focus on the use of data mining related methods in analyzing oil assets/engineering data, identifying correlations, development of industry-based algorithms and in the determination of relationships that influence root cause and consequence of failure in mature fields. This paper proposes a new approach for mature fields. It includes models with technical Data Mining reserves estimation (either applied for volumetric calculations or performance data based in technical of Extracting hidden knowledge), an scenario matrix to account for the risk expressed in expectation curves, an estimation of the "Pseudo-limiting" risk and value terms, and defining a hierarchy of portfolio with data mining technique. Furthermore, it proposes a methodology of life-cycle assessment and surveillance of reserves estimation by integrating of the "Pseudo-limiting" risk and the ratio expected value to capital investment under the concepts of risk management. The developed models showed good performance with minimal prediction errors. These results are promising, lending credence to the application of computational Intelligence for even more complex reservoir systems. They should also boost confidence in the use of advanced well structures for field applications. The consideration of such needs bring up the following purposes: Extracting hidden knowledge or information not trivial of dataset to be used in making decision. Discovery of unknown models [1] [2] in order to discover meaningful patterns and rules [3].

In this preliminary report, we describe our experience with time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics-MR angiography (TRICKS-MRA) in the assessment of head-neck vascular anomalies (HNVAs).We prospectively studied six consecutive patients with clinically suspected or diagnosed HNVAs. All of them underwent TRICKS-MRA of the head and neck as part of the routine for treatment planning. A digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was also performed.TRICKS-MRA could be achieved in all cases. Three subjects were treated based on TRICKS-MRA imaging findings and subsequent DSA examination. In all of them, DSA confirmed the vascular architecture of HNVAs shown by TRICKS-MRA. In the other three patients, a close follow up to assess the evolution of the suspected haemangioma was preferred.TRICKS sequences add important diagnostic information in cases of HNVAs, helpful for therapeutic decisions and post-treatment follow up. We recommend TRICKS-MRA use (if technically possible) as part of routine MRI protocol for HNVAs, representing a possible alternative imaging tool to conventional DSA.

Peptide segments corresponding to antibacterial esculentin-1 (1–15), (33–44), (9–27), and their modified forms were synthesized on 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate cross-linked polystyrene (PS-BDODMA) support. Hydroxymethyl and aminomethyl 2% PS-BDODMA supports were used for the synthesis. The HMPB linker was appended to the aminomethyl resin using HBTU in presence of HOBt and the first amino acid was incorporated using MSNT. The conventional Fmoc synthetic protocol was used for the synthesis of peptides. The peptides were cleaved from the support using TFA. The peptides were purified by HPLC, and characterized by amino acid analysis and MALDI TOF MS. The secondary structures of the peptides were revealed by CD measurements. The synthesis of these peptides illustrates the utility of the new support for the synthesis of long-chain bioactive peptides. The synthetic peptides were tested for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli Mos blue, E. coli 2, Bacillus brevis, B. megaterium, Pseudomonas HTL, and Vibrio mimicus. The antibacterial activity of the peptides was explained on the basis of the helicity and charged nature of the sequences.

The main aim of this study was to assess the oral health status and oral hygiene practices in children with impaired hearing and speech. A total of 76 children in the age group of 5 to 18 years of both sexes were surveyed and information about their oral hygiene practices, previous dental visit and oral health knowledge were obtained through a questionnaire. Around 61% of the children had never visited a dentist, 82.89% and 17.11% of them brushed once and twice daily respectively. More than 90% of them cared about their teeth as much as any other part of the body. 42% of the children had dental caries, and gingivitis was seen in 35% of the children and malocclusion in 19% of them.

(2000). A FACILE METHOD WITH IMPROVED YIELDS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF 6-ARYLPYRIDO[2′,3′:4,5]PYRIMIDO[1,6-a]BENZIMIDAZOLES. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 99-101.

(2000). A FACILE METHOD WITH IMPROVED YIELDS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF 6-ARYLPYRIDO[2′,3′:4,5]PYRIMIDO[1,6-a]BENZIMIDAZOLES. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 99-101.