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1. Effect of Al addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of IN718 alloy fabricated by laser deposition manufacturing

Author: C Wang, X D Pan, H Sun, G Yang, J Z Yi, and D An
Subjects: laser deposition manufacturing, IN718 alloy, heat treatment, microstructure evolution, tensile properties, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: The IN718 alloys with different Al contents were fabricated by laser deposition manufacturing (LDM) technology. The microstructure and tensile properties of LDMed IN718 alloy with different Al contents before and after homogenization-solution-double aging (HSA) treatment were analyzed. The as-deposited samples show dendrite structure which develops with the addition of Al element. The microstructure of the as-deposited samples mainly consists of the γ matrix, Laves phases and a small amount of carbides. The HSA treatment improves the precipitation of γ ″, γ ′ and δ strengthening phases, and with the Al content increasing, the γ ′ phase increases, but the γ ″ phase decreases. With the increasing of Al content, the tensile strength of as-deposited samples increases, but the elongation decreases. For HSA-treated samples, the IN718+0.5Al alloy shows the highest tensile strength and elongation. The tensile fracture surfaces of LDMed IN718 alloys show dimpled surfaces, indicating the transgranular ductile failure mode.
Published: 2024
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2. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a newly developed Ti-6Al-2Mo-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2V alloy fabricated by laser directed energy deposition

Author: C Wang, J Z Yi, G Yang, J X Wang, J B Wu, Z Zhu, and C X Wang
Subjects: laser directed energy deposition, titanium alloy, solution and aging heat-treatment, microstructure evolution, anisotropy, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: With the rapid development of aviation industry, the study of novel titanium (Ti) alloy with superior mechanical properties is of great significance. In this paper, a newly developed Ti-6Al-2Mo-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2V alloy was fabricated by laser directed energy deposition (L-DED), which exhibits coarse β columnar grains containing the basket-weave structure knitted with α phases and β phases. After solution and aging heat-treatment, the fine secondary α phase precipitates, which leads to the increase in microhardness. The as-deposited sample exhibits the tensile strength of 1025 MPa and the elongation of 6.0%. With solution temperature increasing, the strength increases but the plasticity first increases and then decreases. The fracture mechanism shows a mixed of ductile and brittle fracture. The average impact toughness of as-deposited sample in building direction is 40.9 J cm ^−2 higher than that (23.4 J cm ^−2 ) in direction perpendicular to building direction. After solution and aging heat-treatment, the impact toughness improves significantly.
Published: 2024
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3. A 20-year (1998–2017) global sea surface dimethyl sulfide gridded dataset with daily resolution

Author: S. Zhou, Y. Chen, S. Huang, X. Gong, G. Yang, H. Zhang, H. Herrmann, A. Wiedensohler, L. Poulain, Y. Zhang, F. Wang, Z. Xu, and K. Yan
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: The oceanic emission of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) plays a vital role in the Earth's climate system and constitutes a substantial source of uncertainty when evaluating aerosol radiative forcing. Currently, the widely used monthly climatology of sea surface DMS concentration falls short of meeting the requirement for accurately simulating DMS-derived aerosols with chemical transport models. Hence, there is an urgent need for a high-resolution, multi-year global sea surface DMS dataset. Here we develop an artificial neural network ensemble model that uses nine environmental factors as input features and captures the variability of the DMS concentration across different oceanic regions well. Subsequently, a global sea surface DMS concentration and flux dataset (1° × 1°) with daily resolution spanning from 1998 to 2017 is established. According to this dataset, the global annual average concentration was ∼ 1.71 nM, and the annual total emissions were ∼ 17.2 Tg S yr−1, with ∼ 60 % originating from the Southern Hemisphere. While overall seasonal variations are consistent with previous DMS climatologies, notable differences exist in regional-scale spatial distributions. The new dataset enables further investigations into daily and decadal variations. Throughout the period 1998–2017, the global annual average concentration exhibited a slight decrease, while total emissions showed no significant trend. The DMS flux from our dataset showed a stronger correlation with the observed atmospheric methanesulfonic acid concentration compared to those from previous monthly climatologies. Therefore, it can serve as an improved emission inventory of oceanic DMS and has the potential to enhance the simulation of DMS-derived aerosols and associated radiative effects. The new DMS gridded products are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11879900 (Zhou et al., 2024).
Published: 2024
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4. Device Design and Reliability of GAA MBCFET.

Author: M. Kang, M. Chang, Y. Park, C. Noh, S. H. Hong, B. Park, Y. H. Park, Y. C. Jung, W. S. Lim, G. H. Kim, Y. Lee, H. Yang, D. Shin, J. G. Yang, K. H. Cho, W. C. Jeong, H.-J. Cho, Wook-Hyeon Kwon, D. W. Kim, K. Rim, and J. H. Song
Published: 2024
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5. System upgrade for $\mu$Bq/m$^3$ level $^{222}$Rn concentration measurement

Author: Liu, Y., Zhang, Y. P., Liu, J. C., Guo, C., Zhang, C. G. Yang. P., Tang, Q., Xu, Z. F., Li, C., Guan, T. Y., and Wang, S. B.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a 20 kton multipurpose underground liquid scintillator detector, was proposed for the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy as primary physics goal. The central detector will be submerged in a water Cherenkov detector to lower the background from the environment and cosmic muons. Radon is one of the primary background sources. Nitrogen will be used in several sub-systems, and a highly sensitive radon detector has to be developed to measure its radon concentration. A system has been developed based on $^{222}$Rn enrichment of activated carbon and $^{222}$Rn detection based on the electrostatic collection. This paper presents the detail of a $\mu$Bq/m$^3$ level $^{222}$Rn concentration measurement system and gives detailed information about how the adsorption coefficient was measured and how the temperature, flow rate, and $^{222}$Rn concentration affect the adsorption coefficient., Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2023

6. Charged-current non-standard neutrino interactions at Daya Bay

Author: The Daya Bay collaboration, F. P. An, W. D. Bai, A. B. Balantekin, M. Bishai, S. Blyth, G. F. Cao, J. Cao, J. F. Chang, Y. Chang, H. S. Chen, H. Y. Chen, S. M. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. X. Chen, Z. Y. Chen, J. Cheng, Y.-C. Cheng, Z. K. Cheng, J. J. Cherwinka, M. C. Chu, J. P. Cummings, O. Dalager, F. S. Deng, X. Y. Ding, Y. Y. Ding, M. V. Diwan, T. Dohnal, D. Dolzhikov, J. Dove, K. V. Dugas, H. Y. Duyang, D. A. Dwyer, J. P. Gallo, M. Gonchar, G. H. Gong, H. Gong, W. Q. Gu, J. Y. Guo, L. Guo, X. H. Guo, Y. H. Guo, Z. Guo, R. W. Hackenburg, Y. Han, S. Hans, M. He, K. M. Heeger, Y. K. Heng, Y. K. Hor, Y. B. Hsiung, B. Z. Hu, J. R. Hu, T. Hu, Z. J. Hu, H. X. Huang, J. H. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. B. Huang, P. Huber, D. E. Jaffe, K. L. Jen, X. L. Ji, X. P. Ji, R. A. Johnson, D. Jones, L. Kang, S. H. Kettell, S. Kohn, M. Kramer, T. J. Langford, J. Lee, J. H. C. Lee, R. T. Lei, R. Leitner, J. K. C. Leung, F. Li, H. L. Li, J. J. Li, Q. J. Li, R. H. Li, S. Li, S. C. Li, W. D. Li, X. N. Li, X. Q. Li, Y. F. Li, Z. B. Li, H. Liang, C. J. Lin, G. L. Lin, S. Lin, J. J. Ling, J. M. Link, L. Littenberg, B. R. Littlejohn, J. C. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. X. Liu, C. Lu, H. Q. Lu, K. B. Luk, B. Z. Ma, X. B. Ma, X. Y. Ma, Y. Q. Ma, R. C. Mandujano, C. Marshall, K. T. McDonald, R. D. McKeown, Y. Meng, J. Napolitano, D. Naumov, E. Naumova, T. M. T. Nguyen, J. P. Ochoa-Ricoux, A. Olshevskiy, J. Park, S. Patton, J. C. Peng, C. S. J. Pun, F. Z. Qi, M. Qi, X. Qian, N. Raper, J. Ren, C. Morales Reveco, R. Rosero, B. Roskovec, X. C. Ruan, B. Russell, H. Steiner, J. L. Sun, T. Tmej, W.-H. Tse, C. E. Tull, Y. C. Tung, B. Viren, V. Vorobel, C. H. Wang, J. Wang, M. Wang, N. Y. Wang, R. G. Wang, W. Wang, X. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. M. Wang, H. Y. Wei, L. H. Wei, W. Wei, L. J. Wen, K. Whisnant, C. G. White, H. L. H. Wong, E. Worcester, D. R. Wu, Q. Wu, W. J. Wu, D. M. Xia, Z. Q. Xie, Z. Z. Xing, H. K. Xu, J. L. Xu, T. Xu, T. Xue, C. G. Yang, L. Yang, Y. Z. Yang, H. F. Yao, M. Ye, M. Yeh, B. L. Young, H. Z. Yu, Z. Y. Yu, B. B. Yue, V. Zavadskyi, S. Zeng, Y. Zeng, L. Zhan, C. Zhang, F. Y. Zhang, H. H. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, Q. M. Zhang, S. Q. Zhang, X. T. Zhang, Y. M. Zhang, Y. X. Zhang, Y. Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. P. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, J. Zhao, R. Z. Zhao, L. Zhou, H. L. Zhuang, and J. H. Zou
Subjects: Neutrino Mixing, Non-Standard Neutrino Properties, Neutrino Interactions, SMEFT, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The full data set of the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is used to probe the effect of the charged current non-standard interactions (CC-NSI) on neutrino oscillation experiments. Two different approaches are applied and constraints on the corresponding CC-NSI parameters are obtained with the neutrino flux taken from the Huber-Mueller model with a 5% uncertainty. For the quantum mechanics-based approach (QM-NSI), the constraints on the CC-NSI parameters ϵ eα and ϵ eα s $$ {\epsilon}_{e\alpha}^s $$ are extracted with and without the assumption that the effects of the new physics are the same in the production and detection processes, respectively. The approach based on the weak effective field theory (WEFT-NSI) deals with four types of CC-NSI represented by the parameters [ε X ] eα . For both approaches, the results for the CC-NSI parameters are shown for cases with various fixed values of the CC-NSI and the Dirac CP-violating phases, and when they are allowed to vary freely. We find that constraints on the QM-NSI parameters ϵ eα and ϵ eα s $$ {\epsilon}_{e\alpha}^s $$ from the Daya Bay experiment alone can reach the order O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (0.01) for the former and O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (0.1) for the latter, while for WEFT-NSI parameters [ε X ] eα , we obtain O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (0.1) for both cases.
Published: 2024
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7. Improved Atmosphere‐Ocean Coupled Simulation by Parameterizing Sub‐Diurnal Scale Air‐Sea Interactions

Author: K. Wang, S. Zhang, Y. Jin, C. Zhu, Z. Song, Y. Gao, and G. Yang
Subjects: parameterization scheme, coupled model, upper ocean mixing, air‐sea interactions, cold bias, Physical geography, GB3-5030, Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract: Abstract The atmosphere‐ocean is a highly coupled system with significant diurnal and hourly variations. However, current coupled models usually lack sub‐diurnal scale processes at the air‐sea interface due to the finite vertical resolution for ocean discretization. Previous modeling studies showed that sub‐diurnal scale air‐sea interaction processes are important for ocean mixing. Here, by designing an integrated sub‐diurnal parameterization (ISDP) scheme which combines different temperature profiling functions, we stress sub‐diurnal air‐sea interactions to better represent the local ocean mixing. This scheme has been implemented into two coupled models which contributed to the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), referenced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—Community Earth System Model and Coupled Model version 2. The results show that the ISDP scheme improves model simulations with better climatology and more realistic spectra, especially in the tropics and North Pacific Ocean. With the scheme, the tropical cold tongue bias is significantly relaxed by reducing the overestimation of ocean upper mixing, and the cold bias of North Pacific Ocean is reduced due to the improvement on currents and net heat fluxes. Our scheme may help better the simulation and prediction skills of coupled models when their horizontal resolution becomes fine but vertical resolution remains relatively coarse as it describes high‐frequency air‐sea interactions more realistically.
Published: 2024
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8. Construction of a novel immune response prediction signature to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients

Author: Yao, Jiannan, Liang, Ziwei, Duan, Ling, G, Yang, Liu, Jian, and An, Guangyu
Published: 2023
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9. Real-Time Alignment for Connectomics.

Author: Neha Goyal, Yahiya Hussain, Gianna G. Yang, and Daniel Haehn
Published: 2022
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10. Real-Valued Group Testing for Quantitative Molecular Assays.

Author: Seyran Saeedi, Myrna G. Serrano, Dennis G. Yang, J. Paul Brooks, Gregory A. Buck, and Tomasz Arodz
Published: 2022
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11. Significant enhancements of the mesospheric Na layer bottom below 75 km observed by a full-diurnal-cycle lidar at Beijing (40.41° N, 116.01° E), China

Author: Y. Xia, J. Jiao, S. Nozawa, X. Cheng, J. Wang, C. Shi, L. Du, Y. Li, H. Zheng, F. Li, and G. Yang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Based on the full-diurnal-cycle sodium (Na) lidar observations at Beijing (40.41∘ N, 116.01∘ E), we report pronounced downward extensions of the Na layer bottomside to below 75 km near mid-December 2014. Considerable Na atoms were observed even as low as ∼ 72 km, where Na atoms are short-lived. More interestingly, an unprecedented Na density of ∼ 2500 atoms cm−3 around 75 km was observed on 17 December 2014. Such high Na atoms concentration was 2 orders of magnitude larger than that normally observed at the similar altitude region. The variations of Na density on the layer bottom were found to be accompanied by warming temperature anomalies and considerable perturbations of minor chemical species (H, O, O3) in the upper mesosphere. Different from the previous reported metal layer bottom enhancements mainly contributed by photolysis after sunrise, these observational results suggest more critical contributions were made by the Na neutral chemical reactions to the Na layer bottom extensions reported here. The time–longitudinal variations of background atmospheric parameters in the upper mesosphere and stratosphere from global satellite observations and ERA reanalysis data indicated that the anomalous structures observed near the lidar site in mid-December 2014 were associated with planetary wave (PW) activities. The anomalies of temperature and O3 perturbation showed opposite phase in the altitude range of 70–75 and 35–45 km. This implied that the vertical coupling between the mesosphere and stratosphere, possibly driven by the interactions of PW activities with background atmosphere and modulation of gravity wave (GW) filtering by stratospheric wind, contributed to the perturbations of background atmosphere. Furthermore, the bottom enhancement on 17 December 2014 was also accompanied by clear wavy signatures in the main layer. The strong downwelling regions are likely due to the superposition of tide and GW, suggesting the wave-induced adiabatic vertical motion of the air parcel contributed greatly to the formation of the much stronger Na layer bottom enhancement on 17 December 2014. These results provide a clear observational evidence for the Na layer bottom response to the planetary-scale atmospheric perturbations in addition to tide and GW through affecting the chemical balance. The results of this paper also have implications for the response of the metal layer to vertical coupling between the lower atmosphere and the mesosphere.
Published: 2022
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12. Separation of track- and shower-like energy deposits in ProtoDUNE-SP using a convolutional neural network

Author: A. Abed Abud, B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, M. R. Adames, G. Adamov, M. Adamowski, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, A. Aduszkiewicz, J. Aguilar, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, B. Aimard, B. Ali-Mohammadzadeh, T. Alion, K. Allison, S. Alonso Monsalve, M. AlRashed, C. Alt, A. Alton, R. Alvarez, P. Amedo, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. Andreotti, M. Andrews, F. Andrianala, S. Andringa, N. Anfimov, A. Ankowski, M. Antoniassi, M. Antonova, A. Antoshkin, S. Antusch, A. Aranda-Fernandez, L. Arellano, L. O. Arnold, M. A. Arroyave, J. Asaadi, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, V. Aushev, D. Autiero, V. Ayala Lara, M. Ayala-Torres, F. Azfar, M. Babicz, A. Back, H. Back, J. J. Back, C. Backhouse, I. Bagaturia, L. Bagby, N. Balashov, S. Balasubramanian, P. Baldi, B. Baller, B. Bambah, F. Barao, G. Barenboim, G. Barker, W. Barkhouse, C. Barnes, G. Barr, J. Barranco Monarca, A. Barros, N. Barros, J. L. Barrow, A. Basharina-Freshville, A. Bashyal, V. Basque, C. Batchelor, E. Batista das Chagas, J. Battat, F. Battisti, F. Bay, M. C. Q. Bazetto, J. Bazo Alba, J. F. Beacom, E. Bechetoille, B. Behera, C. Beigbeder, L. Bellantoni, G. Bellettini, V. Bellini, O. Beltramello, N. Benekos, C. Benitez Montiel, F. Bento Neves, J. Berger, S. Berkman, P. Bernardini, R. M. Berner, A. Bersani, S. Bertolucci, M. Betancourt, A. Betancur Rodríguez, A. Bevan, Y. Bezawada, T. S. Bezerra, A. Bhardwaj, V. Bhatnagar, M. Bhattacharjee, D. Bhattarai, S. Bhuller, B. Bhuyan, S. Biagi, J. Bian, M. Biassoni, K. Biery, B. Bilki, M. Bishai, A. Bitadze, A. Blake, F. Blaszczyk, G. Blazey, E. Blucher, J. Boissevain, S. Bolognesi, T. Bolton, L. Bomben, M. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, C. Bonilla-Diaz, F. Bonini, A. Booth, F. Boran, S. Bordoni, A. Borkum, N. Bostan, P. Bour, C. Bourgeois, D. Boyden, J. Bracinik, D. Braga, D. Brailsford, A. Branca, A. Brandt, J. Bremer, D. Breton, C. Brew, S. J. Brice, C. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, J. Brooke, A. Bross, G. Brunetti, M. Brunetti, N. Buchanan, H. Budd, I. Butorov, I. Cagnoli, T. Cai, D. Caiulo, R. Calabrese, P. Calafiura, J. Calcutt, M. Calin, S. Calvez, E. Calvo, A. Caminata, M. Campanelli, D. Caratelli, D. Carber, J. Carceller, G. Carini, B. Carlus, M. F. Carneiro, P. Carniti, I. Caro Terrazas, H. Carranza, T. Carroll, J. F. Castaño Forero, A. Castillo, C. Castromonte, E. Catano-Mur, C. Cattadori, F. Cavalier, G. Cavallaro, F. Cavanna, S. Centro, G. Cerati, A. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, M. Chalifour, A. Chappell, E. Chardonnet, N. Charitonidis, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, M. Chavarry Neyra, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, Z. Chen, Z. Chen-Wishart, Y. Cheon, D. Cherdack, C. Chi, S. Childress, R. Chirco, A. Chiriacescu, G. Chisnall, K. Cho, S. Choate, D. Chokheli, P. S. Chong, A. Christensen, D. Christian, G. Christodoulou, A. Chukanov, M. Chung, E. Church, V. Cicero, P. Clarke, G. Cline, T. E. Coan, A. G. Cocco, J. Coelho, N. Colton, E. Conley, R. Conley, J. Conrad, M. Convery, S. Copello, P. Cova, L. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, M. Crisler, E. Cristaldo, J. Crnkovic, R. Cross, A. Cudd, C. Cuesta, Y. Cui, D. Cussans, O. Dalager, H. Da Motta, L. Da Silva Peres, C. David, Q. David, G. S. Davies, S. Davini, J. Dawson, K. De, S. De, P. Debbins, I. De Bonis, M. Decowski, A. De Gouvea, P. C. De Holanda, I. L. De Icaza Astiz, A. Deisting, P. De Jong, A. Delbart, D. Delepine, M. Delgado, A. Dell’Acqua, N. Delmonte, P. De Lurgio, J. R. De Mello Neto, D. M. DeMuth, S. Dennis, C. Densham, G. W. Deptuch, A. De Roeck, V. De Romeri, G. De Souza, R. Devi, R. Dharmapalan, M. Dias, F. Diaz, J. Diaz, S. Di Domizio, L. Di Giulio, P. Ding, L. Di Noto, G. Dirkx, C. Distefano, R. Diurba, M. Diwan, Z. Djurcic, D. Doering, S. Dolan, F. Dolek, M. Dolinski, L. Domine, Y. Donon, D. Douglas, D. Douillet, A. Dragone, G. Drake, F. Drielsma, L. Duarte, D. Duchesneau, K. Duffy, P. Dunne, B. Dutta, H. Duyang, O. Dvornikov, D. Dwyer, A. Dyshkant, M. Eads, A. Earle, D. Edmunds, J. Eisch, L. Emberger, S. Emery, P. Englezos, A. Ereditato, T. Erjavec, C. Escobar, G. Eurin, J. J. Evans, E. Ewart, A. C. Ezeribe, K. Fahey, A. Falcone, M. Fani’, C. Farnese, Y. Farzan, D. Fedoseev, J. Felix, Y. Feng, E. Fernandez-Martinez, P. Fernandez Menendez, M. Fernandez Morales, F. Ferraro, L. Fields, P. Filip, F. Filthaut, M. Fiorini, V. Fischer, R. S. Fitzpatrick, W. Flanagan, B. Fleming, R. Flight, S. Fogarty, W. Foreman, J. Fowler, W. Fox, J. Franc, K. Francis, D. Franco, J. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, A. Friedland, F. Fuentes Robayo, S. Fuess, I. K. Furic, K. Furman, A. P. Furmanski, A. Gabrielli, A. Gago, H. Gallagher, A. Gallas, A. Gallego-Ros, N. Gallice, V. Galymov, E. Gamberini, T. Gamble, F. Ganacim, R. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, F. Gao, S. Gao, D. Garcia-Gamez, M. Á. García-Peris, S. Gardiner, D. Gastler, J. Gauvreau, G. Ge, N. Geffroy, B. Gelli, A. Gendotti, S. Gent, Z. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, P. Giammaria, T. Giammaria, N. Giangiacomi, D. Gibin, I. Gil-Botella, S. Gilligan, C. Girerd, A. Giri, D. Gnani, O. Gogota, M. Gold, S. Gollapinni, K. Gollwitzer, R. A. Gomes, L. Gomez Bermeo, L. S. Gomez Fajardo, F. Gonnella, D. Gonzalez-Diaz, M. Gonzalez-Lopez, M. C. Goodman, O. Goodwin, S. Goswami, C. Gotti, E. Goudzovski, C. Grace, R. Gran, E. Granados, P. Granger, A. Grant, C. Grant, D. Gratieri, P. Green, L. Greenler, J. Greer, J. Grenard, C. Griffith, M. Groh, J. Grudzinski, K. Grzelak, W. Gu, E. Guardincerri, V. Guarino, M. Guarise, R. Guenette, E. Guerard, M. Guerzoni, D. Guffanti, A. Guglielmi, B. Guo, A. Gupta, V. Gupta, K. Guthikonda, R. Gutierrez, P. Guzowski, M. M. Guzzo, S. Gwon, C. Ha, K. Haaf, A. Habig, H. Hadavand, R. Haenni, A. Hahn, J. Haiston, P. Hamacher-Baumann, T. Hamernik, P. Hamilton, J. Han, D. A. Harris, J. Hartnell, T. Hartnett, J. Harton, T. Hasegawa, C. Hasnip, R. Hatcher, K. W. Hatfield, A. Hatzikoutelis, C. Hayes, K. Hayrapetyan, J. Hays, E. Hazen, M. He, A. Heavey, K. M. Heeger, J. Heise, S. Henry, M. Hernandez Morquecho, K. Herner, J. Hewes, C. Hilgenberg, T. Hill, S. J. Hillier, A. Himmel, E. Hinkle, L. R. Hirsch, J. Ho, J. Hoff, A. Holin, E. Hoppe, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Hostert, A. Hourlier, B. Howard, R. Howell, J. Hoyos, I. Hristova, M. S. Hronek, J. Huang, Z. Hulcher, G. Iles, N. Ilic, A. M. Iliescu, R. Illingworth, G. Ingratta, A. Ioannisian, B. Irwin, L. Isenhower, R. Itay, C. M. Jackson, V. Jain, E. James, W. Jang, B. Jargowsky, F. Jediny, D. Jena, Y. Jeong, C. Jesús-Valls, X. Ji, L. Jiang, S. Jiménez, A. Jipa, R. Johnson, W. Johnson, N. Johnston, B. Jones, S. Jones, M. Judah, C. Jung, T. Junk, Y. Jwa, M. Kabirnezhad, A. Kaboth, I. Kadenko, I. Kakorin, A. Kalitkina, D. Kalra, F. Kamiya, N. Kaneshige, D. M. Kaplan, G. Karagiorgi, G. Karaman, A. Karcher, M. Karolak, Y. Karyotakis, S. Kasai, S. P. Kasetti, L. Kashur, N. Kazaryan, E. Kearns, P. Keener, K. J. Kelly, E. Kemp, O. Kemularia, W. Ketchum, S. H. Kettell, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, D. Kim, B. King, B. Kirby, M. Kirby, J. Klein, A. Klustova, T. Kobilarcik, K. Koehler, L. W. Koerner, D. H. Koh, S. Kohn, P. P. Koller, L. Kolupaeva, D. Korablev, M. Kordosky, T. Kosc, U. Kose, V. Kostelecky, K. Kothekar, R. Kralik, L. Kreczko, F. Krennrich, I. Kreslo, W. Kropp, T. Kroupova, S. Kubota, Y. Kudenko, V. A. Kudryavtsev, S. Kulagin, J. Kumar, P. Kumar, P. Kunze, N. Kurita, C. Kuruppu, V. Kus, T. Kutter, J. Kvasnicka, D. Kwak, A. Lambert, B. Land, C. E. Lane, K. Lang, T. Langford, M. Langstaff, J. Larkin, P. Lasorak, D. Last, A. Laundrie, G. Laurenti, A. Lawrence, I. Lazanu, R. LaZur, M. Lazzaroni, T. Le, S. Leardini, J. Learned, P. LeBrun, T. LeCompte, C. Lee, S. Lee, G. Lehmann Miotto, R. Lehnert, M. Leigui de Oliveira, M. Leitner, L. M. Lepin, S. Li, Y. Li, H. Liao, C. Lin, Q. Lin, S. Lin, R. A. Lineros, J. Ling, A. Lister, B. R. Littlejohn, J. Liu, Y. Liu, S. Lockwitz, T. Loew, M. Lokajicek, I. Lomidze, K. Long, T. Lord, J. LoSecco, W. C. Louis, X. Lu, K. Luk, B. Lunday, X. Luo, E. Luppi, T. Lux, V. P. Luzio, J. Maalmi, D. MacFarlane, A. Machado, P. Machado, C. Macias, J. Macier, A. Maddalena, A. Madera, P. Madigan, S. Magill, K. Mahn, A. Maio, A. Major, J. A. Maloney, G. Mandrioli, R. C. Mandujano, J. C. Maneira, L. Manenti, S. Manly, A. Mann, K. Manolopoulos, M. Manrique Plata, V. N. Manyam, L. Manzanillas, M. Marchan, A. Marchionni, W. Marciano, D. Marfatia, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, R. Marie, F. Marinho, A. D. Marino, D. Marsden, M. Marshak, C. Marshall, J. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, N. Martinez, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, P. Martínez Miravé, S. Martynenko, V. Mascagna, K. Mason, A. Mastbaum, F. Matichard, S. Matsuno, J. Matthews, C. Mauger, N. Mauri, K. Mavrokoridis, I. Mawby, R. Mazza, A. Mazzacane, E. Mazzucato, T. McAskill, E. McCluskey, N. McConkey, K. S. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. McNab, A. Mefodiev, P. Mehta, P. Melas, O. Mena, H. Mendez, P. Mendez, D. P. Méndez, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, M. Messier, W. Metcalf, T. Mettler, M. Mewes, H. Meyer, T. Miao, G. Michna, T. Miedema, V. Mikola, R. Milincic, G. Miller, W. Miller, J. Mills, O. Mineev, A. Minotti, O. G. Miranda, S. Miryala, C. Mishra, S. Mishra, A. Mislivec, M. Mitchell, D. Mladenov, I. Mocioiu, K. Moffat, N. Moggi, R. Mohanta, T. A. Mohayai, N. Mokhov, J. A. Molina, L. Molina Bueno, E. Montagna, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montanari, L. M. Montano Zetina, S. Moon, M. Mooney, A. F. Moor, D. Moreno, D. Moretti, C. Morris, C. Mossey, M. Mote, E. Motuk, C. A. Moura, J. Mousseau, G. Mouster, W. Mu, L. Mualem, J. Mueller, M. Muether, S. Mufson, F. Muheim, A. Muir, M. Mulhearn, D. Munford, H. Muramatsu, S. Murphy, J. Musser, J. Nachtman, S. Nagu, M. Nalbandyan, R. Nandakumar, D. Naples, S. Narita, A. Nath, A. Navrer-Agasson, N. Nayak, M. Nebot-Guinot, K. Negishi, J. K. Nelson, J. Nesbit, M. Nessi, D. Newbold, M. Newcomer, H. Newton, R. Nichol, F. Nicolas-Arnaldos, A. Nikolica, E. Niner, K. Nishimura, A. Norman, A. Norrick, R. Northrop, P. Novella, J. A. Nowak, M. Oberling, J. Ochoa-Ricoux, A. Olivier, A. Olshevskiy, Y. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, J. Ott, L. Pagani, G. Palacio, O. Palamara, S. Palestini, J. M. Paley, M. Pallavicini, C. Palomares, W. Panduro Vazquez, E. Pantic, V. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, R. Papaleo, A. Papanestis, S. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, E. Parozzi, Z. Parsa, M. Parvu, S. Pascoli, L. Pasqualini, J. Pasternak, J. Pater, C. Patrick, L. Patrizii, R. B. Patterson, S. Patton, T. Patzak, A. Paudel, B. Paulos, L. Paulucci, Z. Pavlovic, G. Pawloski, D. Payne, V. Pec, S. J. Peeters, A. Pena Perez, E. Pennacchio, A. Penzo, O. L. Peres, J. Perry, D. Pershey, G. Pessina, G. Petrillo, C. Petta, R. Petti, V. Pia, F. Piastra, L. Pickering, F. Pietropaolo, V. L. Pimentel, G. Pinaroli, K. Plows, R. Plunkett, R. Poling, F. Pompa, X. Pons, N. Poonthottathil, F. Poppi, S. Pordes, J. Porter, M. Potekhin, R. Potenza, B. V. Potukuchi, J. Pozimski, M. Pozzato, S. Prakash, T. Prakash, M. Prest, S. Prince, F. Psihas, D. Pugnere, X. Qian, J. Raaf, V. Radeka, J. Rademacker, B. Radics, A. Rafique, E. Raguzin, M. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, I. Rakhno, A. Rakotonandrasana, L. Rakotondravohitra, R. Rameika, M. Ramirez Delgado, B. Ramson, A. Rappoldi, G. Raselli, P. Ratoff, S. Raut, R. Razakamiandra, E. Rea, J. Real, B. Rebel, R. Rechenmacher, M. Reggiani-Guzzo, J. Reichenbacher, S. D. Reitzner, H. Rejeb Sfar, A. Renshaw, S. Rescia, F. Resnati, A. Reynolds, M. Ribas, S. Riboldi, C. Riccio, G. Riccobene, L. C. Rice, J. Ricol, A. Rigamonti, Y. Rigaut, E. V. Rincón, H. Ritchie-Yates, D. Rivera, A. Robert, L. Rochester, M. Roda, P. Rodrigues, M. J. Rodriguez Alonso, E. Rodriguez Bonilla, J. Rodriguez Rondon, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, M. Rosenberg, P. Rosier, B. Roskovec, M. Rossella, M. Rossi, J. Rout, P. Roy, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, B. Russell, D. Ruterbories, A. Rybnikov, A. Saa-Hernandez, R. Saakyan, S. Sacerdoti, T. Safford, N. Sahu, P. Sala, N. Samios, O. Samoylov, M. Sanchez, V. Sandberg, D. A. Sanders, D. Sankey, S. Santana, M. Santos-Maldonado, N. Saoulidou, P. Sapienza, C. Sarasty, I. Sarcevic, G. Savage, V. Savinov, A. Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. Scarpelli, T. Schefke, H. Schellman, S. Schifano, P. Schlabach, D. Schmitz, A. W. Schneider, K. Scholberg, A. Schukraft, E. Segreto, A. Selyunin, C. R. Senise, J. Sensenig, A. Sergi, D. Sgalaberna, M. Shaevitz, S. Shafaq, F. Shaker, M. Shamma, R. Sharankova, H. R. Sharma, R. Sharma, R. K. Sharma, T. Shaw, K. Shchablo, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Sheshukov, S. Shin, I. Shoemaker, D. Shooltz, R. Shrock, H. Siegel, L. Simard, J. Sinclair, G. Sinev, J. Singh, L. Singh, P. Singh, V. Singh, R. Sipos, F. Sippach, G. Sirri, A. Sitraka, K. Siyeon, K. Skarpaas, A. Smith, E. Smith, P. Smith, J. Smolik, M. Smy, E. Snider, P. Snopok, D. Snowden-Ifft, M. Soares Nunes, H. Sobel, M. Soderberg, S. Sokolov, C. J. Solano Salinas, S. Söldner-Rembold, S. Soleti, N. Solomey, V. Solovov, W. E. Sondheim, M. Sorel, A. Sotnikov, J. Soto-Oton, F. Soto Ugaldi, A. Sousa, K. Soustruznik, F. Spagliardi, M. Spanu, J. Spitz, N. J. C. Spooner, K. Spurgeon, M. Stancari, L. Stanco, C. Stanford, D. Stefan, R. Stein, H. Steiner, A. F. Steklain Lisbôa, J. Stewart, B. Stillwell, J. Stock, F. Stocker, T. Stokes, M. Strait, T. Strauss, L. Strigari, A. Stuart, J. G. Suarez, J. Suárez Sunción, R. Sulej, H. Sullivan, D. Summers, A. Surdo, V. Susic, L. Suter, C. Sutera, R. Svoboda, B. Szczerbinska, A. M. Szelc, H. Tanaka, S. Tang, A. Tapia, B. Tapia Oregui, A. Tapper, S. Tariq, E. Tarpara, N. Tata, E. Tatar, R. Tayloe, A. Teklu, P. Tennessen, M. Tenti, K. Terao, C. A. Ternes, F. Terranova, G. Testera, T. Thakore, A. Thea, J. L. Thompson, C. Thorn, S. Timm, V. Tishchenko, L. Tomassetti, A. Tonazzo, D. Torbunov, M. Torti, M. Tortola, F. Tortorici, N. Tosi, D. Totani, M. Toups, C. Touramanis, R. Travaglini, J. Trevor, S. Trilov, W. H. Trzaska, Y. Tsai, Z. Tsamalaidze, K. Tsang, N. Tsverava, S. Tufanli, C. Tull, E. Tyley, M. Tzanov, L. Uboldi, M. A. Uchida, J. Urheim, T. Usher, S. Uzunyan, M. R. Vagins, P. Vahle, S. Valder, G. A. Valdiviesso, E. Valencia, R. Valentim, Z. Vallari, E. Vallazza, J. W. Valle, S. Vallecorsa, R. Van Berg, R. G. Van de Water, D. Vanegas Forero, D. Vannerom, F. Varanini, D. Vargas, G. Varner, J. Vasel, S. Vasina, G. Vasseur, N. Vaughan, K. Vaziri, S. Ventura, A. Verdugo, S. Vergani, M. A. Vermeulen, M. Verzocchi, M. Vicenzi, H. Vieira de Souza, C. Vignoli, C. Vilela, B. Viren, T. Vrba, T. Wachala, A. V. Waldron, M. Wallbank, C. Wallis, H. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, M. H. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, K. Warburton, D. Warner, M. Wascko, D. Waters, A. Watson, K. Wawrowska, P. Weatherly, A. Weber, M. Weber, H. Wei, A. Weinstein, D. Wenman, M. Wetstein, A. White, L. H. Whitehead, D. Whittington, M. J. Wilking, A. Wilkinson, C. Wilkinson, Z. Williams, F. Wilson, R. J. Wilson, W. Wisniewski, J. Wolcott, T. Wongjirad, A. Wood, K. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, K. Wresilo, C. Wret, W. Wu, Y. Xiao, F. Xie, B. Yaeggy, E. Yandel, G. Yang, K. Yang, T. Yang, A. Yankelevich, N. Yershov, K. Yonehara, Y. Yoon, T. Young, B. Yu, H. Yu, J. Yu, Y. Yu, W. Yuan, R. Zaki, J. Zalesak, L. Zambelli, B. Zamorano, A. Zani, L. Zazueta, G. Zeller, J. Zennamo, K. Zeug, C. Zhang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, M. Zhao, E. Zhivun, G. Zhu, E. D. Zimmerman, S. Zucchelli, J. Zuklin, V. Zutshi, and R. Zwaska
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Liquid argon time projection chamber detector technology provides high spatial and calorimetric resolutions on the charged particles traversing liquid argon. As a result, the technology has been used in a number of recent neutrino experiments, and is the technology of choice for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). In order to perform high precision measurements of neutrinos in the detector, final state particles need to be effectively identified, and their energy accurately reconstructed. This article proposes an algorithm based on a convolutional neural network to perform the classification of energy deposits and reconstructed particles as track-like or arising from electromagnetic cascades. Results from testing the algorithm on experimental data from ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype of the DUNE far detector, are presented. The network identifies track- and shower-like particles, as well as Michel electrons, with high efficiency. The performance of the algorithm is consistent between experimental data and simulation.
Published: 2022
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13. The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on atmospheric new particle formation in Beijing

Author: C. Yan, Y. Shen, D. Stolzenburg, L. Dada, X. Qi, S. Hakala, A.-M. Sundström, Y. Guo, A. Lipponen, T. V. Kokkonen, J. Kontkanen, R. Cai, J. Cai, T. Chan, L. Chen, B. Chu, C. Deng, W. Du, X. Fan, X.-C. He, J. Kangasluoma, J. Kujansuu, M. Kurppa, C. Li, Y. Li, Z. Lin, Y. Liu, Y. Lu, W. Nie, J. Pulliainen, X. Qiao, Y. Wang, Y. Wen, Y. Wu, G. Yang, L. Yao, R. Yin, G. Zhang, S. Zhang, F. Zheng, Y. Zhou, A. Arola, J. Tamminen, P. Paasonen, Y. Sun, L. Wang, N. M. Donahue, F. Bianchi, K. R. Daellenbach, D. R. Worsnop, V.-M. Kerminen, T. Petäjä, A. Ding, J. Jiang, and M. Kulmala
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: During the COVID-19 lockdown, the dramatic reduction of anthropogenic emissions provided a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of reduced anthropogenic activity and primary emissions on atmospheric chemical processes and the consequent formation of secondary pollutants. Here, we utilize comprehensive observations to examine the response of atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) to the changes in the atmospheric chemical cocktail. We find that the main clustering process was unaffected by the drastically reduced traffic emissions, and the formation rate of 1.5 nm particles remained unaltered. However, particle survival probability was enhanced due to an increased particle growth rate (GR) during the lockdown period, explaining the enhanced NPF activity in earlier studies. For GR at 1.5–3 nm, sulfuric acid (SA) was the main contributor at high temperatures, whilst there were unaccounted contributing vapors at low temperatures. For GR at 3–7 and 7–15 nm, oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) played a major role. Surprisingly, OOM composition and volatility were insensitive to the large change of atmospheric NOx concentration; instead the associated high particle growth rates and high OOM concentration during the lockdown period were mostly caused by the enhanced atmospheric oxidative capacity. Overall, our findings suggest a limited role of traffic emissions in NPF.
Published: 2022
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14. The Double Chooz antineutrino detectors

Author: H. de Kerret, Y. Abe, C. Aberle, T. Abrahão, J. M. Ahijado, T. Akiri, J. M. Alarcón, J. Alba, H. Almazan, J. C. dos Anjos, S. Appel, F. Ardellier, I. Barabanov, J. C. Barriere, E. Baussan, A. Baxter, I. Bekman, M. Bergevin, A. Bernstein, W. Bertoli, T. J. C. Bezerra, L. Bezrukov, C. Blanco, N. Bleurvacq, E. Blucher, H. Bonet, M. Bongrand, N. S Bowden, T. Brugière, C. Buck, M. Buizza Avanzini, J. Busenitz, A. Cabrera, E. Caden, E. Calvo, L. Camilleri, R. Carr, S. Cazaux, J. M. Cela, M. Cerrada, P. J. Chang, P. Charon, E. Chauveau, P. Chimenti, T. Classen, A. P. Collin, E. Conover, J. M Conrad, S. Cormon, O. Corpace, B. Courty, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, M. Cribier, K. Crum, S. Cuadrado, A. Cucoanes, M. D’Agostino, E. Damon, J. V. Dawson, S. Dazeley, M. Dierckxsens, D. Dietrich, Z. Djurcic, F. Dorigo, M. Dracos, V. Durand, Y. Efremeko, M. Elnimr, A. Etenko, E. Falk, M. Fallot, M. Fechner, J. Felde, S. M. Fernandes, C. Fernández-Bedoya, D. Francia, D. Franco, V. Fischer, A. J. Franke, M. Franke, H. Furuta, F. Garcia, J. Garcia, I. Gil-Botella, L. Giot, A. Givaudan, M. Göger-Neff, H. Gomez, L. F. G. Gonzalez, L. Goodenough, M. C. Goodman, J. Goon, B. Gramlich, D. Greiner, A. Guertin, B. Guillon, S. M. Habib, Y. Haddad, T. Hara, F. X. Hartmann, J. Hartnell, J. Haser, A. Hatzikoutelis, D. Hellwig, S. Hervé, R. Hofacker, G. Horton-Smith, A. Hourlier, M. Ishitsuka, K. Jänner, S. Jiménez, J. Jochum, C. Jollet, F. Kaether, K. Kale, L. Kalousis, Y. Kamyshkov, M. Kaneda, D. M. Kaplan, M. Karakac, T. Kawasaki, E. Kemp, Y. Kibe, T. Kirchner, T. Konno, D. Kryn, T. Kutter, M. Kuze, T. Lachenmaier, C. E. Lane, C. Langbrandtner, T. Lasserre, C. Lastoria, L. Latron, C. Leonardo, A. Letourneau, D. Lhuillier, H. P. Lima, M. Lindner, J. M. López-Castaño, J. M. LoSecco, B. Lubsandorzhiev, S. Lucht, J. Maeda, C. N. Maesano, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, F. Marie, J. J. Martinez, J. Martino, T. Matsubara, D. McKee, F. Meigner, G. Mention, A. Meregaglia, J. P. Meyer, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, J. F. Millot, A. Minotti, V. Mirones, H. Miyata, Th. A. Mueller, Y. Nagasaka, K. Nakajima, D. Navas-Nicolás, Y. Nikitenko, P. Novella, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, A. Onillon, A. Oralbaev, I. Ostrovskiy, C. Palomares, S. J. M. Peeters, I. M. Pepe, S. Perasso, P. Perrin, P. Pfahler, A. Porta, G. Pronost, J. C. Puras, R. Quéval, J. L. Ramirez, J. Reichenbacher, B. Reinhold, M. Reissfelder, A. Remoto, D. Reyna, I. Rodriguez, M. Röhling, R. Roncin, N. Rudolf, B. Rybolt, Y. Sakamoto, R. Santorelli, F. Sato, U. Schwan, S. Schönert, S. Schoppmann, L. Scola, M. Settimo, M. A. Shaevitz, R. Sharankova, V. Sibille, J.-L. Sida, V. Sinev, D. Shrestha, M. Skorokhvatov, P. Soldin, J. Spitz, A. Stahl, I. Stancu, P. Starzynski, M. R. Stock, L. F. F. Stokes, M. Strait, A. Stüken, F. Suekane, S. Sukhotin, T. Sumiyoshi, Y. Sun, Z. Sun, R. Svoboda, H. Tabata, N. Tamura, K. Terao, A. Tonazzo, F. Toral, M. Toups, H. Trinh Thi, F. Valdivia, G. Valdiviesso, N. Vassilopoulos, A. Verdugo, C. Veyssiere, B. Viaud, D. Vignaud, M. Vivier, S. Wagner, C. Wiebusch, B. White, L. Winslow, M. Worcester, M. Wurm, J. Wurtz, G. Yang, J. Yáñez, F. Yermia, and K. Zbiri
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract This article describes the setup and performance of the near and far detectors in the Double Chooz experiment. The electron antineutrinos of the Chooz nuclear power plant were measured in two identically designed detectors with different average baselines of about 400 m and 1050 m from the two reactor cores. Over many years of data taking the neutrino signals were extracted from interactions in the detectors with the goal of measuring a fundamental parameter in the context of neutrino oscillation, the mixing angle $$\theta _{13}$$ θ 13 . The central part of the Double Chooz detectors was a main detector comprising four cylindrical volumes filled with organic liquids. From the inside towards the outside there were volumes containing gadolinium-loaded scintillator, gadolinium-free scintillator, a buffer oil and, optically separated, another liquid scintillator acting as veto system. Above this main detector an additional outer veto system using plastic scintillator strips was installed. The technologies developed in Double Chooz were inspiration for several other antineutrino detectors in the field. The detector design allowed implementation of efficient background rejection techniques including use of pulse shape information provided by the data acquisition system. The Double Chooz detectors featured remarkable stability, in particular for the detected photons, as well as high radiopurity of the detector components.
Published: 2022
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15. Simulating the radiative forcing of oceanic dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Asia based on machine learning estimates

Author: J. Zhao, W. Ma, K. R. Bilsback, J. R. Pierce, S. Zhou, Y. Chen, G. Yang, and Y. Zhang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Dimethylsulfide (DMS) emitted from seawater is a key precursor to new particle formation and acts as a regulator in Earth's warming climate system. However, DMS's effects are not well understood in various ocean regions. In this study, we estimated DMS emissions based on a machine learning method and used the GEOS-Chem global 3D chemical transport model coupled with the TwO Moment Aerosol Sectional (TOMAS) microphysics scheme to simulate the atmospheric chemistry and radiative effects of DMS. The contributions of DMS to atmospheric SO42- aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations along with the radiative effects over the Asian region were evaluated for the first time. First, we constructed novel monthly resolved DMS emissions (0.5∘×0.5∘) for the year 2017 using a machine learning model; 4351 seawater DMS measurements (including the recent measurements made over the Chinese seas) and 12 relevant environment parameters were selected for model training. We found that the model could predict the observed DMS concentrations with a correlation coefficient of 0.75 and fill the values in regions lacking observations. Across the Asian seas, the highest seasonal mean DMS concentration occurred in March–April–May (MAM), and we estimate the annual DMS emission flux of 1.25 Tg (S), which is equivalent to 15.4 % of anthropogenic sulfur emissions over the entire simulation domain (which covered most of Asia) in 2017. The model estimates of DMS and methane sulfonic acid (MSA), using updated DMS emissions, were evaluated by comparing them with cruise survey experiments and long-term online measurement site data. The improvement in model performance can be observed compared with simulation results derived from the global-database DMS emissions. The relative contributions of DMS to SO42- and CCN were higher in remote oceanic areas, contributing 88 % and 42 % of all sources, respectively. Correspondingly, the sulfate direct radiative forcing (DRF) and indirect radiative forcing (IRF) contributed by DMS ranged from −200 to −20 mW m−2 and from −900 to −100 mW m−2, respectively, with levels varying by season. The strong negative IRF is mainly over remote ocean regions (−900 to −600 mW m−2). Generally, the magnitude of IRF derived by DMS was twice as large as its DRF. This work provides insights into the source strength of DMS and the impact of DMS on climate and addresses knowledge gaps related to factors controlling aerosols in the marine boundary layer and their climate impacts.
Published: 2022
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16. Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC

Author: A. Abed Abud, B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, M. R. Adames, G. Adamov, M. Adamowski, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, A. Aduszkiewicz, J. Aguilar, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, B. Aimard, B. Ali-Mohammadzadeh, T. Alion, K. Allison, S. Alonso Monsalve, M. AlRashed, C. Alt, A. Alton, R. Alvarez, P. Amedo, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. Andreotti, M. Andrews, F. Andrianala, S. Andringa, N. Anfimov, A. Ankowski, M. Antoniassi, M. Antonova, A. Antoshkin, S. Antusch, A. Aranda-Fernandez, L. Arellano, L. O. Arnold, M. A. Arroyave, J. Asaadi, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, V. Aushev, D. Autiero, V. Ayala Lara, M. Ayala-Torres, F. Azfar, A. Back, H. Back, J. J. Back, C. Backhouse, I. Bagaturia, L. Bagby, N. Balashov, S. Balasubramanian, P. Baldi, B. Baller, B. Bambah, F. Barao, G. Barenboim, P. Barham Alzas, G. Barker, W. Barkhouse, C. Barnes, G. Barr, J. Barranco Monarca, A. Barros, N. Barros, J. L. Barrow, A. Basharina-Freshville, A. Bashyal, V. Basque, C. Batchelor, E. Batista das Chagas, J. B. R. Battat, F. Battisti, F. Bay, M. C. Q. Bazetto, J. L. L. Bazo Alba, J. F. Beacom, E. Bechetoille, B. Behera, C. Beigbeder, L. Bellantoni, G. Bellettini, V. Bellini, O. Beltramello, N. Benekos, C. Benitez Montiel, F. Bento Neves, J. Berger, S. Berkman, P. Bernardini, R. M. Berner, A. Bersani, S. Bertolucci, M. Betancourt, A. Betancur Rodríguez, A. Bevan, Y. Bezawada, T. J. C. Bezerra, A. Bhardwaj, V. Bhatnagar, M. Bhattacharjee, D. Bhattarai, S. Bhuller, B. Bhuyan, S. Biagi, J. Bian, M. Biassoni, K. Biery, B. Bilki, M. Bishai, A. Bitadze, A. Blake, F. Blaszczyk, G. C. Blazey, E. Blucher, J. Boissevain, S. Bolognesi, T. Bolton, L. Bomben, M. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, C. Bonilla-Diaz, F. Bonini, A. Booth, F. Boran, S. Bordoni, A. Borkum, N. Bostan, P. Bour, C. Bourgeois, D. Boyden, J. Bracinik, D. Braga, D. Brailsford, A. Branca, A. Brandt, J. Bremer, D. Breton, C. Brew, S. J. Brice, C. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, J. Brooke, A. Bross, G. Brunetti, M. Brunetti, N. Buchanan, H. Budd, I. Butorov, I. Cagnoli, T. Cai, D. Caiulo, R. Calabrese, P. Calafiura, J. Calcutt, M. Calin, S. Calvez, E. Calvo, A. Caminata, M. Campanelli, D. Caratelli, D. Carber, J. C. Carceller, G. Carini, B. Carlus, M. F. Carneiro, P. Carniti, I. Caro Terrazas, H. Carranza, T. Carroll, J. F. Castaño Forero, A. Castillo, C. Castromonte, E. Catano-Mur, C. Cattadori, F. Cavalier, G. Cavallaro, F. Cavanna, S. Centro, G. Cerati, A. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, M. Chalifour, A. Chappell, E. Chardonnet, N. Charitonidis, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, M. S. S. Chavarry Neyra, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, Z. Chen, Z. Chen-Wishart, Y. Cheon, D. Cherdack, C. Chi, S. Childress, R. Chirco, A. Chiriacescu, G. Chisnall, K. Cho, S. Choate, D. Chokheli, P. S. Chong, A. Christensen, D. Christian, G. Christodoulou, A. Chukanov, M. Chung, E. Church, V. Cicero, P. Clarke, G. Cline, T. E. Coan, A. G. Cocco, J. A. B. Coelho, N. Colton, E. Conley, R. Conley, J. Conrad, M. Convery, S. Copello, P. Cova, L. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, M. Crisler, E. Cristaldo, J. Crnkovic, R. Cross, A. Cudd, C. Cuesta, Y. Cui, D. Cussans, O. Dalager, H. da Motta, L. Da Silva Peres, C. David, Q. David, G. S. Davies, S. Davini, J. Dawson, K. De, S. De, P. Debbins, I. De Bonis, M. P. Decowski, A. De Gouvêa, P. C. De Holanda, I. L. De Icaza Astiz, A. Deisting, P. De Jong, A. Delbart, D. Delepine, M. Delgado, A. Dell’Acqua, N. Delmonte, P. De Lurgio, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, D. M. DeMuth, S. Dennis, C. Densham, G. W. Deptuch, A. De Roeck, V. De Romeri, G. De Souza, R. Devi, R. Dharmapalan, M. Dias, F. Diaz, J. S. Díaz, S. Di Domizio, L. Di Giulio, P. Ding, L. Di Noto, G. Dirkx, C. Distefano, R. Diurba, M. Diwan, Z. Djurcic, D. Doering, S. Dolan, F. Dolek, M. Dolinski, L. Domine, Y. Donon, D. Douglas, D. Douillet, A. Dragone, G. Drake, F. Drielsma, L. Duarte, D. Duchesneau, K. Duffy, P. Dunne, B. Dutta, H. Duyang, O. Dvornikov, D. Dwyer, A. Dyshkant, M. Eads, A. Earle, D. Edmunds, J. Eisch, L. Emberger, S. Emery, P. Englezos, A. Ereditato, T. Erjavec, C. Escobar, G. Eurin, J. J. Evans, E. Ewart, A. C. Ezeribe, K. Fahey, A. Falcone, M. Fani’, C. Farnese, Y. Farzan, D. Fedoseev, J. Felix, Y. Feng, E. Fernandez-Martinez, P. Fernandez Menendez, M. Fernandez Morales, F. Ferraro, L. Fields, P. Filip, F. Filthaut, M. Fiorini, V. Fischer, R. S. Fitzpatrick, W. Flanagan, B. Fleming, R. Flight, S. Fogarty, W. Foreman, J. Fowler, W. Fox, J. Franc, K. Francis, D. Franco, J. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, A. Friedland, F. Fuentes Robayo, S. Fuess, I. K. Furic, K. Furman, A. P. Furmanski, A. Gabrielli, A. Gago, H. Gallagher, A. Gallas, A. Gallego-Ros, N. Gallice, V. Galymov, E. Gamberini, T. Gamble, F. Ganacim, R. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, F. Gao, S. Gao, D. Garcia-Gamez, M. Á. García-Peris, S. Gardiner, D. Gastler, J. Gauvreau, G. Ge, N. Geffroy, B. Gelli, A. Gendotti, S. Gent, Z. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, P. Giammaria, T. Giammaria, N. Giangiacomi, D. Gibin, I. Gil-Botella, S. Gilligan, C. Girerd, A. K. Giri, D. Gnani, O. Gogota, M. Gold, S. Gollapinni, K. Gollwitzer, R. A. Gomes, L. V. Gomez Bermeo, L. S. Gomez Fajardo, F. Gonnella, D. Gonzalez-Diaz, M. Gonzalez-Lopez, M. C. Goodman, O. Goodwin, S. Goswami, C. Gotti, E. Goudzovski, C. Grace, R. Gran, E. Granados, P. Granger, A. Grant, C. Grant, D. Gratieri, P. Green, L. Greenler, J. Greer, J. Grenard, W. C. Griffith, M. Groh, J. Grudzinski, K. Grzelak, W. Gu, E. Guardincerri, V. Guarino, M. Guarise, R. Guenette, E. Guerard, M. Guerzoni, D. Guffanti, A. Guglielmi, B. Guo, A. Gupta, V. Gupta, K. K. Guthikonda, R. Gutierrez, P. Guzowski, M. M. Guzzo, S. Gwon, C. Ha, K. Haaf, A. Habig, H. Hadavand, R. Haenni, A. Hahn, J. Haiston, P. Hamacher-Baumann, T. Hamernik, P. Hamilton, J. Han, D. A. Harris, J. Hartnell, T. Hartnett, J. Harton, T. Hasegawa, C. Hasnip, R. Hatcher, K. W. Hatfield, A. Hatzikoutelis, C. Hayes, K. Hayrapetyan, J. Hays, E. Hazen, M. He, A. Heavey, K. M. Heeger, J. Heise, S. Henry, M. A. Hernandez Morquecho, K. Herner, J. Hewes, C. Hilgenberg, T. Hill, S. J. Hillier, A. Himmel, E. Hinkle, L. R. Hirsch, J. Ho, J. Hoff, A. Holin, E. Hoppe, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Hostert, A. Hourlier, B. Howard, R. Howell, J. Hoyos, I. Hristova, M. S. Hronek, J. Huang, Z. Hulcher, G. Iles, N. Ilic, A. M. Iliescu, R. Illingworth, G. Ingratta, A. Ioannisian, B. Irwin, L. Isenhower, R. Itay, C. M. Jackson, V. Jain, E. James, W. Jang, B. Jargowsky, F. Jediny, D. Jena, Y. S. Jeong, C. Jesús-Valls, X. Ji, L. Jiang, S. Jiménez, A. Jipa, R. Johnson, W. Johnson, N. Johnston, B. Jones, S. Jones, M. Judah, C. K. Jung, T. Junk, Y. Jwa, M. Kabirnezhad, A. Kaboth, I. Kadenko, I. Kakorin, A. Kalitkina, D. Kalra, F. Kamiya, N. Kaneshige, D. M. Kaplan, G. Karagiorgi, G. Karaman, A. Karcher, M. Karolak, Y. Karyotakis, S. Kasai, S. P. Kasetti, L. Kashur, N. Kazaryan, E. Kearns, P. Keener, K. J. Kelly, E. Kemp, O. Kemularia, W. Ketchum, S. H. Kettell, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, D. Kim, B. King, B. Kirby, M. Kirby, J. Klein, A. Klustova, T. Kobilarcik, K. Koehler, L. W. Koerner, D. H. Koh, S. Kohn, P. P. Koller, L. Kolupaeva, D. Korablev, M. Kordosky, T. Kosc, U. Kose, V. A. Kostelecký, K. Kothekar, R. Kralik, L. Kreczko, F. Krennrich, I. Kreslo, W. Kropp, T. Kroupova, S. Kubota, Y. Kudenko, V. A. Kudryavtsev, S. Kulagin, J. Kumar, P. Kumar, P. Kunze, N. Kurita, C. Kuruppu, V. Kus, T. Kutter, J. Kvasnicka, D. Kwak, A. Lambert, B. Land, C. E. Lane, K. Lang, T. Langford, M. Langstaff, J. Larkin, P. Lasorak, D. Last, A. Laundrie, G. Laurenti, A. Lawrence, I. Lazanu, R. LaZur, M. Lazzaroni, T. Le, S. Leardini, J. Learned, P. LeBrun, T. LeCompte, C. Lee, S. Y. Lee, G. Lehmann Miotto, R. Lehnert, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, M. Leitner, L. M. Lepin, S. W. Li, Y. Li, H. Liao, C. S. Lin, Q. Lin, S. Lin, R. A. Lineros, J. Ling, A. Lister, B. R. Littlejohn, J. Liu, Y. Liu, S. Lockwitz, T. Loew, M. Lokajicek, I. Lomidze, K. Long, T. Lord, J. M. LoSecco, W. C. Louis, X.-G. Lu, K. B. Luk, B. Lunday, X. Luo, E. Luppi, T. Lux, V. P. Luzio, J. Maalmi, D. MacFarlane, A. A. Machado, P. Machado, C. T. Macias, J. R. Macier, A. Maddalena, A. Madera, P. Madigan, S. Magill, K. Mahn, A. Maio, A. Major, J. A. Maloney, G. Mandrioli, R. C. Mandujano, J. Maneira, L. Manenti, S. Manly, A. Mann, K. Manolopoulos, M. Manrique Plata, V. N. Manyam, L. Manzanillas, M. Marchan, A. Marchionni, W. Marciano, D. Marfatia, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, R. Marie, F. Marinho, A. D. Marino, D. Marsden, M. Marshak, C. Marshall, J. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martín-Albo, N. Martinez, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, P. Martínez Miravé, S. Martynenko, V. Mascagna, K. Mason, A. Mastbaum, F. Matichard, S. Matsuno, J. Matthews, C. Mauger, N. Mauri, K. Mavrokoridis, I. Mawby, R. Mazza, A. Mazzacane, E. Mazzucato, T. McAskill, E. McCluskey, N. McConkey, K. S. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. McNab, A. Mefodiev, P. Mehta, P. Melas, O. Mena, H. Mendez, P. Mendez, D. P. Méndez, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, M. D. Messier, W. Metcalf, T. Mettler, M. Mewes, H. Meyer, T. Miao, G. Michna, T. Miedema, V. Mikola, R. Milincic, G. Miller, W. Miller, J. Mills, O. Mineev, A. Minotti, O. G. Miranda, S. Miryala, C. S. Mishra, S. R. Mishra, A. Mislivec, M. Mitchell, D. Mladenov, I. Mocioiu, K. Moffat, N. Moggi, R. Mohanta, T. A. Mohayai, N. Mokhov, J. Molina, L. Molina Bueno, E. Montagna, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montanari, L. M. Montañno Zetina, S. H. Moon, M. Mooney, A. F. Moor, D. Moreno, D. Moretti, C. Morris, C. Mossey, M. Mote, E. Motuk, C. A. Moura, J. Mousseau, G. Mouster, W. Mu, L. Mualem, J. Mueller, M. Muether, S. Mufson, F. Muheim, A. Muir, M. Mulhearn, D. Munford, H. Muramatsu, S. Murphy, J. Musser, J. Nachtman, S. Nagu, M. Nalbandyan, R. Nandakumar, D. Naples, S. Narita, A. Nath, A. Navrer-Agasson, N. Nayak, M. Nebot-Guinot, K. Negishi, J. K. Nelson, J. Nesbit, M. Nessi, D. Newbold, M. Newcomer, H. Newton, R. Nichol, F. Nicolas-Arnaldos, A. Nikolica, E. Niner, K. Nishimura, A. Norman, A. Norrick, R. Northrop, P. Novella, J. A. Nowak, M. Oberling, J. Ochoa-Ricoux, A. Olivier, A. Olshevskiy, Y. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, J. Ott, L. Pagani, G. Palacio, O. Palamara, S. Palestini, J. M. Paley, M. Pallavicini, C. Palomares, W. Panduro Vazquez, E. Pantic, V. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, R. Papaleo, A. Papanestis, S. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, E. Parozzi, Z. Parsa, M. Parvu, S. Pascoli, L. Pasqualini, J. Pasternak, J. Pater, C. Patrick, L. Patrizii, R. B. Patterson, S. J. Patton, T. Patzak, A. Paudel, B. Paulos, L. Paulucci, Z. Pavlovic, G. Pawloski, D. Payne, V. Pec, S. J. M. Peeters, A. Pena Perez, E. Pennacchio, A. Penzo, O. L. G. Peres, J. Perry, D. Pershey, G. Pessina, G. Petrillo, C. Petta, R. Petti, V. Pia, F. Piastra, L. Pickering, F. Pietropaolo, V. L. Pimentel, G. Pinaroli, K. Plows, R. Plunkett, R. Poling, F. Pompa, X. Pons, N. Poonthottathil, F. Poppi, S. Pordes, J. Porter, M. Potekhin, R. Potenza, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, J. Pozimski, M. Pozzato, S. Prakash, T. Prakash, M. Prest, S. Prince, F. Psihas, D. Pugnere, X. Qian, J. L. Raaf, V. Radeka, J. Rademacker, B. Radics, A. Rafique, E. Raguzin, M. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, I. Rakhno, A. Rakotonandrasana, L. Rakotondravohitra, R. Rameika, M. A. Ramirez Delgado, B. Ramson, A. Rappoldi, G. Raselli, P. Ratoff, S. Raut, R. F. Razakamiandra, E. M. Rea, J. S. Real, B. Rebel, R. Rechenmacher, M. Reggiani-Guzzo, J. Reichenbacher, S. D. Reitzner, H. Rejeb Sfar, A. Renshaw, S. Rescia, F. Resnati, M. Ribas, S. Riboldi, C. Riccio, G. Riccobene, L. C. J. Rice, J. S. Ricol, A. Rigamonti, Y. Rigaut, E. V. Rincón, H. Ritchie-Yates, D. Rivera, A. Robert, L. Rochester, M. Roda, P. Rodrigues, M. J. Rodriguez Alonso, E. Rodriguez Bonilla, J. Rodriguez Rondon, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, M. Rosenberg, P. Rosier, B. Roskovec, M. Rossella, M. Rossi, J. Rout, P. Roy, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, B. Russell, D. Ruterbories, A. Rybnikov, A. Saa-Hernandez, R. Saakyan, S. Sacerdoti, T. Safford, N. Sahu, K. Sakashita, P. Sala, N. Samios, O. Samoylov, M. C. Sanchez, V. Sandberg, D. A. Sanders, D. Sankey, S. Santana, M. Santos-Maldonado, N. Saoulidou, P. Sapienza, C. Sarasty, I. Sarcevic, G. Savage, V. Savinov, A. Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. Scarpelli, T. Schefke, H. Schellman, S. Schifano, P. Schlabach, D. Schmitz, A. W. Schneider, K. Scholberg, A. Schukraft, E. Segreto, A. Selyunin, C. R. Senise, J. Sensenig, A. Sergi, D. Sgalaberna, M. H. Shaevitz, S. Shafaq, F. Shaker, M. Shamma, R. Sharankova, H. R. Sharma, R. Sharma, R. K. Sharma, T. Shaw, K. Shchablo, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Sheshukov, S. Shin, I. Shoemaker, D. Shooltz, R. Shrock, H. Siegel, L. Simard, J. Sinclair, G. Sinev, J. Singh, L. Singh, P. Singh, V. Singh, R. Sipos, F. W. Sippach, G. Sirri, A. Sitraka, K. Siyeon, K. Skarpaas, A. Smith, E. Smith, P. Smith, J. Smolik, M. Smy, E. Snider, P. Snopok, D. Snowden-Ifft, M. Soares Nunes, H. Sobel, M. Soderberg, S. Sokolov, C. J. Solano Salinas, S. Söldner-Rembold, S. R. Soleti, N. Solomey, V. Solovov, W. E. Sondheim, M. Sorel, A. Sotnikov, J. Soto-Oton, F. A. Soto Ugaldi, A. Sousa, K. Soustruznik, F. Spagliardi, M. Spanu, J. Spitz, N. J. C. Spooner, K. Spurgeon, M. Stancari, L. Stanco, C. Stanford, R. Stein, H. M. Steiner, A. F. Steklain Lisbôa, J. Stewart, B. Stillwell, J. Stock, F. Stocker, T. Stokes, M. Strait, T. Strauss, L. Strigari, A. Stuart, J. G. Suarez, J. M. Suárez Sunción, H. Sullivan, D. Summers, A. Surdo, V. Susic, L. Suter, C. M. Sutera, R. Svoboda, B. Szczerbinska, A. M. Szelc, H. Tanaka, S. Tang, A. Tapia, B. Tapia Oregui, A. Tapper, S. Tariq, E. Tarpara, N. Tata, E. Tatar, R. Tayloe, A. M. Teklu, P. Tennessen, M. Tenti, K. Terao, C. A. Ternes, F. Terranova, G. Testera, T. Thakore, A. Thea, J. L. Thompson, C. Thorn, S. C. Timm, V. Tishchenko, L. Tomassetti, A. Tonazzo, D. Torbunov, M. Torti, M. Tortola, F. Tortorici, N. Tosi, D. Totani, M. Toups, C. Touramanis, R. Travaglini, J. Trevor, S. Trilov, W. H. Trzaska, Y. Tsai, Y.-T. Tsai, Z. Tsamalaidze, K. V. Tsang, N. Tsverava, S. Tufanli, C. Tull, E. Tyley, M. Tzanov, L. Uboldi, M. A. Uchida, J. Urheim, T. Usher, S. Uzunyan, M. R. Vagins, P. Vahle, S. Valder, G. D. A. Valdiviesso, E. Valencia, R. Valentim, Z. Vallari, E. Vallazza, J. W. F. Valle, S. Vallecorsa, R. Van Berg, R. G. Van de Water, D. Vanegas Forero, D. Vannerom, F. Varanini, D. Vargas Oliva, G. Varner, J. Vasel, S. Vasina, G. Vasseur, N. Vaughan, K. Vaziri, S. Ventura, A. Verdugo, S. Vergani, M. A. Vermeulen, M. Verzocchi, M. Vicenzi, H. Vieira de Souza, C. Vignoli, C. Vilela, B. Viren, T. Vrba, T. Wachala, A. V. Waldron, M. Wallbank, C. Wallis, H. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, M. H. L. S. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, K. Warburton, D. Warner, M. O. Wascko, D. Waters, A. Watson, K. Wawrowska, P. Weatherly, A. Weber, M. Weber, H. Wei, A. Weinstein, D. Wenman, M. Wetstein, A. White, L. H. Whitehead, D. Whittington, M. J. Wilking, A. Wilkinson, C. Wilkinson, Z. Williams, F. Wilson, R. J. Wilson, W. Wisniewski, J. Wolcott, T. Wongjirad, A. Wood, K. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, K. Wresilo, C. Wret, W. Wu, Y. Xiao, F. Xie, B. Yaeggy, E. Yandel, G. Yang, K. Yang, T. Yang, A. Yankelevich, N. Yershov, K. Yonehara, Y. S. Yoon, T. Young, B. Yu, H. Yu, J. Yu, Y. Yu, W. Yuan, R. Zaki, J. Zalesak, L. Zambelli, B. Zamorano, A. Zani, L. Zazueta, G. P. Zeller, J. Zennamo, K. Zeug, C. Zhang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, M. Zhao, E. Zhivun, G. Zhu, E. D. Zimmerman, S. Zucchelli, J. Zuklin, V. Zutshi, R. Zwaska, and DUNE Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 $$\times $$ × 6 $$\times $$ × 6 m $$^3$$ 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019–2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.
Published: 2022
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17. Development of East Asia Regional Reanalysis based on advanced hybrid gain data assimilation method and evaluation with E3DVAR, ERA-5, and ERA-Interim reanalysis

Author: E.-G. Yang, H. M. Kim, and D.-H. Kim
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: The East Asia Regional Reanalysis (EARR) system is developed based on the advanced hybrid gain data assimilation method (AdvHG) using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and conventional observations. Based on EARR, the high-resolution regional reanalysis and reforecast fields are produced with 12 km horizontal resolution over East Asia for 2010–2019. The newly proposed AdvHG is based on the hybrid gain approach, weighting two different analyses for an optimal analysis. The AdvHG differs from the hybrid gain in that (1) E3DVAR is used instead of EnKF, (2) 6 h forecast of ERA5 is used to be more consistent with WRF, and (3) the preexisting, state-of-the-art reanalysis is used. Thus, the AdvHG can be regarded as an efficient approach for generating regional reanalysis datasets thanks to cost savings as well as the use of the state-of-the-art reanalysis. The upper-air variables of EARR are verified with those of ERA5 for January and July 2017 and the 10-year period 2010–2019. For upper-air variables, ERA5 outperforms EARR over 2 years, whereas EARR outperforms (shows comparable performance to) ERA-I and E3DVAR for January 2017 (July 2017). EARR represents precipitation better than ERA5 for January and July 2017. Therefore, although the uncertainties of upper-air variables of EARR need to be considered when analyzing them, the precipitation of EARR is more accurate than that of ERA5 for both seasons. The EARR data presented here can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/7P8MZT (Yang and Kim, 2021b) for data on pressure levels and https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/Q07VRC (Yang and Kim, 2021c) for precipitation.
Published: 2022
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18. Stable climate simulations using a realistic general circulation model with neural network parameterizations for atmospheric moist physics and radiation processes

Author: X. Wang, Y. Han, W. Xue, G. Yang, and G. J. Zhang
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: In climate models, subgrid parameterizations of convection and clouds are one of the main causes of the biases in precipitation and atmospheric circulation simulations. In recent years, due to the rapid development of data science, machine learning (ML) parameterizations for convection and clouds have been demonstrated to have the potential to perform better than conventional parameterizations. Most previous studies were conducted on aqua-planet and idealized models, and the problems of simulation instability and climate drift still exist. Developing an ML parameterization scheme remains a challenging task in realistically configured models. In this paper, a set of residual deep neural networks (ResDNNs) with a strong nonlinear fitting ability is designed to emulate a super-parameterization (SP) with different outputs in a hybrid ML–physical general circulation model (GCM). It can sustain stable simulations for over 10 years under real-world geographical boundary conditions. We explore the relationship between the accuracy and stability by validating multiple deep neural network (DNN) and ResDNN sets in prognostic runs. In addition, there are significant differences in the prognostic results of the stable ResDNN sets. Therefore, trial and error is used to acquire the optimal ResDNN set for both high skill and long-term stability, which we name the neural network (NN) parameterization. In offline validation, the neural network parameterization can emulate the SP in mid- to high-latitude regions with a high accuracy. However, its prediction skill over tropical ocean areas still needs improvement. In the multi-year prognostic test, the hybrid ML–physical GCM simulates the tropical precipitation well over land and significantly improves the frequency of the precipitation extremes, which are vastly underestimated in the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5), with a horizontal resolution of 1.9∘ × 2.5∘. Furthermore, the hybrid ML–physical GCM simulates the robust signal of the Madden–Julian oscillation with a more reasonable propagation speed than CAM5. However, there are still substantial biases with the hybrid ML–physical GCM in the mean states, including the temperature field in the tropopause and at high latitudes and the precipitation over tropical oceanic regions, which are larger than those in CAM5. This study is a pioneer in achieving multi-year stable climate simulations using a hybrid ML–physical GCM under actual land–ocean boundary conditions that become sustained over 30 times faster than the target SP. It demonstrates the emerging potential of using ML parameterizations in climate simulations.
Published: 2022
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19. A Data-Based Policy Model for Intelligent Turbine Cascade Design

Author: Z. Li, Y. Liu, J. G. Yang, and H. Q. Wang
Subjects: cascade design, surrogate model, artificial intelligence, optimization design, neural network, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570
Abstract: The study of intelligent design methods is becoming a hot topic for the design of turbine cascades. This paper proposes a data-based policy model to achieve intelligent design. To gain a high-quality policy model, empirical equations and "space extending + elitism" are adopted to dynamically optimize database. This guarantees the quality of the model. Compared to traditional optimization design approaches, the proposed method relies on less human experience to design a turbine cascade. Ten different turbine cascades are used to verify this method. Results show that, aerodynamic performance of the cascades redesigned is either the same as or better than that of the traditional cascades. The computing time is reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared to a "CFD + optimization algorithm" or "surrogate model + optimization algorithm" method. With the advantages in computing time and intelligence, the proposed novel method shows the possibility of replacing traditional design methods.
Published: 2022
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20. Two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of impacts of aerosol feedbacks on meteorology and air quality

Author: C. Gao, A. Xiu, X. Zhang, Q. Tong, H. Zhao, S. Zhang, G. Yang, and M. Zhang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Atmospheric aerosols can exert an influence on meteorology and air quality through aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI) and aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI), and this two-way feedback has been studied by applying two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models. As one of the regions with the highest aerosol loading in the world, Asia has attracted many researchers to investigate the aerosol effects with several two-way coupled models (WRF-Chem, WRF-CMAQ, GRAPES-CUACE, WRF-NAQPMS, and GATOR-GCMOM) over the last decade. This paper attempts to offer a bibliographic analysis regarding the current status of applications of two-way coupled models in Asia, related research focuses, model performances, and the effects of ARI and/or ACI on meteorology and air quality. There were a total of 160 peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2019 in Asia meeting the inclusion criteria, with more than 79 % of papers involving the WRF-Chem model. The number of relevant publications has an upward trend annually, and East Asia, India, and China, as well as the North China Plain are the most studied areas. The effects of ARI and both ARI and ACI induced by natural aerosols (particularly mineral dust) and anthropogenic aerosols (bulk aerosols, different chemical compositions, and aerosols from different sources) are widely investigated in Asia. Through the meta-analysis of surface meteorological and air quality variables simulated by two-way coupled models, the model performance affected by aerosol feedbacks depends on different variables, simulation time lengths, selection of two-way coupled models, and study areas. Future research perspectives with respect to the development, improvement, application, and evaluation of two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models are proposed.
Published: 2022
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21. Group Testing Matrix Design for PCR Screening with Real-Valued Measurements.

Author: Seyran Saeedi, Myrna G. Serrano, Dennis G. Yang, J. Paul Brooks, Gregory A. Buck, and Tomasz Arodz
Published: 2022
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22. A Keyword-Grouping Inverted Index Based Multi-Keyword Ranked Search Scheme Over Encrypted Cloud Data.

Author: Hua Dai 0003, Maohu Yang, T. G. Yang, Yang Xiang 0001, Zheng Hu, and Huaqun Wang
Published: 2022
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23. CEERS MIRI Imaging: Data Reduction and Quality Assessment

Author: G. Yang, C. Papovich, M. B. Bagley, H. C. Ferguson, S. L. Finkelstein, A. M. Koekemoer, P. G. Pérez-González, P. Arrabal Haro, L. Bisigello, K. I. Caputi, Y. Cheng, L. Costantin, M. Dickinson, A. Fontana, J. P. Gardner, A. Grazian, N. A. Grogin, S. Harish, B. W. Holwerda, E. Iani, J. S. Kartaltepe, L. J. Kewley, A. Kirkpatrick, D. D. Kocevski, V. Kokorev, J. M. Lotz, R. A. Lucas, R. Navarro-Carrera, L. Pentericci, N Pirzkal, S. Ravindranath, P. Rinaldi, L. Shen, R. S. Somerville, J. R. Trump, A. de la Vega, S. M. Wilkins, and L. Y. Aaron Yung
Subjects: James Webb Space Telescope, Galaxy evolution, Star formation, Astronomy data reduction, Active galactic nuclei, Infrared photometry, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS), targeting the Extended Groth Strip extragalactic field, is one of the James Webb Space Telescope Director’s Discretionary Early Release Science programs. To date, all observations have been executed and include NIRCam/MIRI imaging and NIRSpec/NIRCam spectroscopic exposures. Here we discuss the MIRI imaging, which includes eight pointings, four of which provide deep imaging with the bluer bands (F560W and F770W) and four of which provide contiguous wavelength coverage in F1000W, F1280W, F1500W, and F1800W, where two of these also include coverage in F770W and F2100W. We present a summary of the data, data quality, and data reduction. The data reduction is based on the jwst calibration pipeline combined with custom modifications and additional steps designed to enhance the output quality, including improvements in astrometry and the removal of detector artifacts. We estimate the image depth of the reduced mosaics and show that these generally agree with expectations from the Exposure Time Calculator. We compare the MIRI F560W and F770W flux densities for bright sources to measurements from Spitzer/IRAC Ch3 (5.8 μ m) and Ch4 (8.0 μ m), and we find that they agree with systematic differences of
Published: 2023
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24. Numerical Investigation on Aerodynamic Drag and Noise of Pantographs with Modified Structures

Author: Y. Yao, Z. Sun, G. Li, P. Prapamonthon, G. Cheng, and G. Yang
Subjects: high speed train, pantograph, resistance, aerodynamic noise, acoustic finite element method, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570
Abstract: It is well known that the pantograph, which works as a complex component of high-speed trains, is an important source of aerodynamic drag and aerodynamic noise of a high-speed train (HST) that can affect HST performance, comfort for passengers, and quietness of nearby communities. Thus, comprehensive studies on aerodynamic characteristics including aerodynamic drag and aerodynamic noise obtained by the pantograph need to be conducted. This work presents the aerodynamic characteristics including aerodynamic resistance and aerodynamic noise generated by the prototype pantograph of a high-speed train running at a speed of 300 km/h using numerical techniques of improved delayed detached-eddy simulation (IDDES) and acoustic finite element method (FEM). Then, the structure of the original pantograph is modified by wrapping the insulators, and the base frame, so that aerodynamic resistance and aerodynamic noise may be reduced as expected. Numerical results obtained from the pantograph without modification, with two modifications to the original design i.e. the base frame, and the insulators, are discussed. Compared to the original pantograph, the two modifications of the pantograph at the base frame and the support insulators are conducive to reducing the aerodynamic drag of the pantograph. However, the results also show that the modified insulator may not achieve considerable success in noise reduction. Only the modified base frame shows that noise is reduced significantly. Therefore, this suggests that the pantograph with base frame modification is a better choice for resistance and noise reduction.
Published: 2022
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25. Alloplastic and Implant Materials for Bone Grafting: a Literature Review

Author: U. F. Mukhametov, S. V. Lyulin, D. Y. Borzunov, I. F. Gareev, O. A. Beylerli, and G. Yang
Subjects: костная пластика, имплантационные материалы, дефект, остеокондукция, остеоиндукция, остеогенез, биосовместимые материалы, Surgery, RD1-811, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Bone reconstruction aft er trauma, infection, tumour or congenital genetic disorder is an important subject of modern medicine usually relying on bone graft ing materials. Autologous bone or autograft is still considered the “gold standard” most eff ective in bone defect reconstruction and osseous regeneration. Having the advantages of autograft ing, a series of issues remain related to a limited donor material, painful graft taking and the risk of putative complications (nonunions, graft rejection, infection, iatrogenic fractures, post-microsurgery arteriovenous shunt thrombosis, etc.). Th erefore, improved biomaterials are demanded to adequately meet the autograft criteria. Choosing optimal graft materials becomes relevant, aside to the rationale of selecting new surgical techniques. Th e osteoconductive and osteoinductive property evaluation in modern osteoplastic materials comprises a research avenue into optimal graft development for osseous correction in maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery, traumatology and orthopaedics. Such biomaterials can be combined with alloplastic graft s to attain the required properties of osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteogenesis. Th is analytic literature review focuses on current state-of-the-art in alloplastic graft ing that, in our opinion, grounds the progress of auto- and allograft innovative development.
Published: 2021
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26. Treatment of imipramine-induced hyperpigmentation with quality-switched ruby and picosecond lasers

Author: Ramiz Nayyer Hamid, MD, MPH, Rachel G. Yang, NP-C, and Girish S. Munavalli, MD, MHS
Subjects: 532-nm Nd:YAG, drug-melanosome complex, hyperpigmentation, imipramine, imipramine-induced hyperpigmentation, laser, Dermatology, RL1-803
Published: 2021
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27. Using Space‐Based CO2 and NO2 Observations to Estimate Urban CO2 Emissions

Author: Emily G. Yang, Eric A. Kort, Lesley E. Ott, Tomohiro Oda, and John C. Lin
Published: 2023
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28. Multiple cooperative systems obtained by powder metallurgy-like processing method: Adenine containing phthalonitrile/graphene/ Fe3O4 high-performance composites with ultra-high EMI shielding

Author: H. Xiao, K. Zeng, J. H. Hu, and G. Yang
Subjects: polymer composites, adenine containing phthalonitrile, electromagnetic interference, heat resistance, uniform dispersion system, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: Adenine containing phthalonitrile (ADCN)/graphene/Fe3O4 composites with excellent EMI performance, outstanding thermal, thermo-oxidative stability, and heat resistance ae introduced. The interactions between ADCN and nanofillers combined with high-energy ball milling-molding sintering processing method ensure the uniform dispersion of nanofillers in the matrix. The EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of ADCN/G/Fe3O4 is up to 50 dB with only 0.5 mm thickness, which is one of the best EMI performance compared with previous reports on conductive polymer composites (CPCs). The high-performance ADCN polymer introduces outstanding thermal, thermo-oxidative stability and heat resistance into the composites. The T5% in the air of composites could still maintain more than 491 °C, and the EMI value of composites after flame retardancy test could reach 40 dB. The results prove that ADCN/G/Fe3O4 composite is a promising candidate that could be used in the aerospace industry and under extreme working conditions.
Published: 2021
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29. Search for signatures of sterile neutrinos with Double Chooz

Author: T. Abrahão, H. Almazan, J. C. dos Anjos, S. Appel, J. C. Barriere, I. Bekman, T. J. C. Bezerra, L. Bezrukov, E. Blucher, T. Brugière, C. Buck, J. Busenitz, A. Cabrera, M. Cerrada, E. Chauveau, P. Chimenti, O. Corpace, J. V. Dawson, Z. Djurcic, A. Etenko, H. Furuta, I. Gil-Botella, A. Givaudan, H. Gomez, L. F. G. Gonzalez, M. C. Goodman, T. Hara, J. Haser, D. Hellwig, L. Heuermann, A. Hourlier, M. Ishitsuka, J. Jochum, C. Jollet, K. Kale, M. Kaneda, M. Karakac, T. Kawasaki, E. Kemp, H. de Kerret, D. Kryn, M. Kuze, T. Lachenmaier, C. E. Lane, T. Lasserre, C. Lastoria, D. Lhuillier, H. P. Lima Jr, M. Lindner, J. M. López-Casta no, J. M. LoSecco, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. Maeda, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, J. Martino, T. Matsubara, G. Mention, A. Meregaglia, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, A. Minotti, D. Navas-Nicolás, P. Novella, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, A. Onillon, A. Oralbaev, C. Palomares, I. M. Pepe, G. Pronost, J. Reichenbacher, B. Reinhold, S. Schönert, S. Schoppmann, L. Scola, R. Sharankova, V. Sibille, V. Sinev, M. Skorokhvatov, P. Soldin, A. Stahl, I. Stancu, L. F. F. Stokes, F. Suekane, S. Sukhotin, T. Sumiyoshi, Y. Sun, C. Veyssiere, B. Viaud, M. Vivier, S. Wagner, C. Wiebusch, G. Yang, and F. Yermia
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We present a search for signatures of neutrino mixing of electron anti-neutrinos with additional hypothetical sterile neutrino flavors using the Double Chooz experiment. The search is based on data from 5 years of operation of Double Chooz, including 2 years in the two-detector configuration. The analysis is based on a profile likelihood, i.e. comparing the data to the model prediction of disappearance in a data-to-data comparison of the two respective detectors. The analysis is optimized for a model of three active and one sterile neutrino. It is sensitive in the typical mass range $${5 \times 10^{-3}}\,\mathrm{eV}^2 \lesssim \varDelta m^2_{41} \lesssim {3 \times 10^{-1}}\,\mathrm{eV}^2 $$ 5 × 10 - 3 eV 2 ≲ Δ m 41 2 ≲ 3 × 10 - 1 eV 2 for mixing angles down to $$\sin ^2 2\theta _{14} \gtrsim {0.02} $$ sin 2 2 θ 14 ≳ 0.02 . No significant disappearance additionally to the conventional disappearance related to $$\theta _{13} $$ θ 13 is observed and correspondingly exclusion bounds on the sterile mixing parameter $$\theta _{14} $$ θ 14 as a function of $$ \varDelta m^2_{41} $$ Δ m 41 2 are obtained.
Published: 2021
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30. Editorial: Neuroimaging and informatics for successful aging

Author: Toshiharu Nakai, Eric Tatt Wei Ho, Henning Müller, Fanpei G. Yang, and Hanna Lu
Subjects: neuroinformatics, older adults, aging, neuroimaging, cognitive intervention, cohort study, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Published: 2022
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31. Water sharing policies conditioned on hydrologic variability to inform reservoir operations

Author: G. Yang and P. Block
Subjects: Technology, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Water resources infrastructure is critical for energy and food security; however, the development of large-scale infrastructure, such as hydropower dams, may significantly alter downstream flows, potentially leading to water resources management conflicts and disputes. Mutually agreed upon water sharing policies for the operation of existing or new reservoirs is one of the most effective strategies for mitigating conflict, yet this is a complex task involving the estimation of available water, identification of users and demands, procedures for water sharing, etc. A water sharing policy framework that incorporates reservoir operating rules optimization based on conflicting uses and natural hydrologic variability, specifically tailored to drought conditions, is proposed. First, the trade-off between downstream and upstream water availability utilizing multi-objective optimization of reservoir operating rules is established. Next, reservoir operation with the candidate (optimal) rules is simulated, followed by their performance evaluations, and the rule selections for balancing water uses. Subsequently, a relationship between the reservoir operations simulated from the selected rules and drought-specific conditions is built to derive water sharing policies. Finally, the reservoir operating rules are re-optimized to evaluate the effectiveness of the drought-specific water sharing policies. With a case study of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile river, it is demonstrated that the derived water sharing policy can balance GERD power generation and downstream releases, especially in dry conditions, effectively sharing the hydrologic risk in inflow variability among riparian countries. The proposed framework offers a robust approach to inform water sharing policies for sustainable management of water resources.
Published: 2021
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32. Supernova neutrino burst detection with the deep underground neutrino experiment

Author: B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, G. Adamov, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, T. Alion, S. Alonso Monsalve, C. Alt, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. P. Andrews, F. Andrianala, S. Andringa, A. Ankowski, M. Antonova, S. Antusch, A. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, L. O. Arnold, M. A. Arroyave, J. Asaadi, A. Aurisano, V. Aushev, D. Autiero, F. Azfar, H. Back, J. J. Back, C. Backhouse, P. Baesso, L. Bagby, R. Bajou, S. Balasubramanian, P. Baldi, B. Bambah, F. Barao, G. Barenboim, G. J. Barker, W. Barkhouse, C. Barnes, G. Barr, J. Barranco Monarca, N. Barros, J. L. Barrow, A. Bashyal, V. Basque, F. Bay, J. L. Bazo Alba, J. F. Beacom, E. Bechetoille, B. Behera, L. Bellantoni, G. Bellettini, V. Bellini, O. Beltramello, D. Belver, N. Benekos, F. Bento Neves, J. Berger, S. Berkman, P. Bernardini, R. M. Berner, H. Berns, S. Bertolucci, M. Betancourt, Y. Bezawada, M. Bhattacharjee, B. Bhuyan, S. Biagi, J. Bian, M. Biassoni, K. Biery, B. Bilki, M. Bishai, A. Bitadze, A. Blake, B. Blanco Siffert, F. D. M. Blaszczyk, G. C. Blazey, E. Blucher, J. Boissevain, S. Bolognesi, T. Bolton, M. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, F. Bonini, A. Booth, C. Booth, S. Bordoni, A. Borkum, T. Boschi, N. Bostan, P. Bour, S. B. Boyd, D. Boyden, J. Bracinik, D. Braga, D. Brailsford, A. Brandt, J. Bremer, C. Brew, E. Brianne, S. J. Brice, C. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, G. Brooijmans, J. Brooke, A. Bross, G. Brunetti, N. Buchanan, H. Budd, D. Caiulo, P. Calafiura, J. Calcutt, M. Calin, S. Calvez, E. Calvo, L. Camilleri, A. Caminata, M. Campanelli, D. Caratelli, G. Carini, B. Carlus, P. Carniti, I. Caro Terrazas, H. Carranza, A. Castillo, C. Castromonte, C. Cattadori, F. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, S. Centro, G. Cerati, A. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, M. Chalifour, C. Chang, E. Chardonnet, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, J. Chaves, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, D. Cherdack, C. Chi, S. Childress, A. Chiriacescu, K. Cho, S. Choubey, A. Christensen, D. Christian, G. Christodoulou, E. Church, P. Clarke, T. E. Coan, A. G. Cocco, J. A. B. Coelho, E. Conley, J. M. Conrad, M. Convery, L. Corwin, P. Cotte, L. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, E. Cristaldo, R. Cross, C. Cuesta, Y. Cui, D. Cussans, M. Dabrowski, H. da Motta, L. Da Silva Peres, C. David, Q. David, G. S. Davies, S. Davini, J. Dawson, K. De, R. M. De Almeida, P. Debbins, I. De Bonis, M. P. Decowski, A. de Gouvêa, P. C. De Holanda, I. L. De Icaza Astiz, A. Deisting, P. De Jong, A. Delbart, D. Delepine, M. Delgado, A. Dell-Acqua, P. De Lurgio, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, D. M. DeMuth, S. Dennis, C. Densham, G. Deptuch, A. De Roeck, V. De Romeri, J. J. De Vries, R. Dharmapalan, M. Dias, F. Diaz, J. S. Díaz, S. Di Domizio, L. Di Giulio, P. Ding, L. Di Noto, C. Distefano, R. Diurba, M. Diwan, Z. Djurcic, N. Dokania, M. J. Dolinski, L. Domine, D. Douglas, F. Drielsma, D. Duchesneau, K. Duffy, P. Dunne, T. Durkin, H. Duyang, O. Dvornikov, D. A. Dwyer, A. S. Dyshkant, M. Eads, D. Edmunds, J. Eisch, S. Emery, A. Ereditato, C. O. Escobar, L. Escudero Sanchez, J. J. Evans, E. Ewart, A. C. Ezeribe, K. Fahey, A. Falcone, C. Farnese, Y. Farzan, J. Felix, E. Fernandez-Martinez, P. Fernandez Menendez, F. Ferraro, L. Fields, A. Filkins, F. Filthaut, R. S. Fitzpatrick, W. Flanagan, B. Fleming, R. Flight, J. Fowler, W. Fox, J. Franc, K. Francis, D. Franco, J. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, A. Friedland, S. Fuess, I. Furic, A. P. Furmanski, A. Gago, H. Gallagher, A. Gallego-Ros, N. Gallice, V. Galymov, E. Gamberini, T. Gamble, R. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, S. Gao, D. Garcia-Gamez, M. Á. García-Peris, S. Gardiner, D. Gastler, G. Ge, B. Gelli, A. Gendotti, S. Gent, Z. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, D. Gibin, I. Gil-Botella, C. Girerd, A. K. Giri, D. Gnani, O. Gogota, M. Gold, S. Gollapinni, K. Gollwitzer, R. A. Gomes, L. V. Gomez Bermeo, L. S. Gomez Fajardo, F. Gonnella, J. A. Gonzalez-Cuevas, M. C. Goodman, O. Goodwin, S. Goswami, C. Gotti, E. Goudzovski, C. Grace, M. Graham, E. Gramellini, R. Gran, E. Granados, A. Grant, C. Grant, D. Gratieri, P. Green, S. Green, L. Greenler, M. Greenwood, J. Greer, W. C. Griffith, M. Groh, J. Grudzinski, K. Grzelak, W. Gu, V. Guarino, R. Guenette, A. Guglielmi, B. Guo, K. K. Guthikonda, R. Gutierrez, P. Guzowski, M. M. Guzzo, S. Gwon, A. Habig, A. Hackenburg, H. Hadavand, R. Haenni, A. Hahn, J. Haigh, J. Haiston, T. Hamernik, P. Hamilton, J. Han, K. Harder, D. A. Harris, J. Hartnell, T. Hasegawa, R. Hatcher, E. Hazen, A. Heavey, K. M. Heeger, J. Heise, K. Hennessy, S. Henry, M. A. Hernandez Morquecho, K. Herner, L. Hertel, A. S. Hesam, J. Hewes, A. Higuera, T. Hill, S. J. Hillier, A. Himmel, J. Hoff, C. Hohl, A. Holin, E. Hoppe, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Hostert, A. Hourlier, B. Howard, R. Howell, J. Huang, J. Hugon, G. Iles, N. Ilic, A. M. Iliescu, R. Illingworth, A. Ioannisian, R. Itay, A. Izmaylov, E. James, B. Jargowsky, F. Jediny, C. Jesùs-Valls, X. Ji, L. Jiang, S. Jiménez, A. Jipa, A. Joglekar, C. Johnson, R. Johnson, B. Jones, S. Jones, C. K. Jung, T. Junk, Y. Jwa, M. Kabirnezhad, A. Kaboth, I. Kadenko, F. Kamiya, G. Karagiorgi, A. Karcher, M. Karolak, Y. Karyotakis, S. Kasai, S. P. Kasetti, L. Kashur, N. Kazaryan, E. Kearns, P. Keener, K. J. Kelly, E. Kemp, W. Ketchum, S. H. Kettell, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, D. Kim, B. King, B. Kirby, M. Kirby, J. Klein, K. Koehler, L. W. Koerner, S. Kohn, P. P. Koller, M. Kordosky, T. Kosc, U. Kose, V. A. Kostelecký, K. Kothekar, F. Krennrich, I. Kreslo, Y. Kudenko, V. A. Kudryavtsev, S. Kulagin, J. Kumar, R. Kumar, C. Kuruppu, V. Kus, T. Kutter, A. Lambert, K. Lande, C. E. Lane, K. Lang, T. Langford, P. Lasorak, D. Last, C. Lastoria, A. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, I. Lazanu, R. LaZur, T. Le, J. Learned, P. LeBrun, G. Lehmann Miotto, R. Lehnert, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, M. Leitner, M. Leyton, L. Li, S. Li, S. W. Li, T. Li, Y. Li, H. Liao, C. S. Lin, S. Lin, A. Lister, B. R. Littlejohn, J. Liu, S. Lockwitz, T. Loew, M. Lokajicek, I. Lomidze, K. Long, K. Loo, D. Lorca, T. Lord, J. M. LoSecco, W. C. Louis, K. B. Luk, X. Luo, N. Lurkin, T. Lux, V. P. Luzio, D. MacFarland, A. A. Machado, P. Machado, C. T. Macias, J. R. Macier, A. Maddalena, P. Madigan, S. Magill, K. Mahn, A. Maio, A. Major, J. A. Maloney, G. Mandrioli, J. Maneira, L. Manenti, S. Manly, A. Mann, K. Manolopoulos, M. Manrique Plata, A. Marchionni, W. Marciano, D. Marfatia, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, F. Marinho, A. D. Marino, M. Marshak, C. Marshall, J. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, N. Martinez, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, S. Martynenko, K. Mason, A. Mastbaum, M. Masud, S. Matsuno, J. Matthews, C. Mauger, N. Mauri, K. Mavrokoridis, R. Mazza, A. Mazzacane, E. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, N. McConkey, K. S. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. McNab, A. Mefodiev, P. Mehta, P. Melas, M. Mellinato, O. Mena, S. Menary, H. Mendez, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, M. D. Messier, W. Metcalf, M. Mewes, H. Meyer, T. Miao, G. Michna, T. Miedema, J. Migenda, R. Milincic, W. Miller, J. Mills, C. Milne, O. Mineev, O. G. Miranda, S. Miryala, C. S. Mishra, S. R. Mishra, A. Mislivec, D. Mladenov, I. Mocioiu, K. Moffat, N. Moggi, R. Mohanta, T. A. Mohayai, N. Mokhov, J. Molina, L. Molina Bueno, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montanari, L. M. Montano Zetina, J. Moon, M. Mooney, A. Moor, D. Moreno, B. Morgan, C. Morris, C. Mossey, E. Motuk, C. A. Moura, J. Mousseau, W. Mu, L. Mualem, J. Mueller, M. Muether, S. Mufson, F. Muheim, A. Muir, M. Mulhearn, H. Muramatsu, S. Murphy, J. Musser, J. Nachtman, S. Nagu, M. Nalbandyan, R. Nandakumar, D. Naples, S. Narita, D. Navas-Nicolás, N. Nayak, M. Nebot-Guinot, L. Necib, K. Negishi, J. K. Nelson, J. Nesbit, M. Nessi, D. Newbold, M. Newcomer, D. Newhart, R. Nichol, E. Niner, K. Nishimura, A. Norman, A. Norrick, R. Northrop, P. Novella, J. A. Nowak, M. Oberling, A. Olivares Del Campo, A. Olivier, Y. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, J. Ott, L. Pagani, S. Pakvasa, O. Palamara, S. Palestini, J. M. Paley, M. Pallavicini, C. Palomares, E. Pantic, V. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, R. Papaleo, A. Papanestis, S. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, Z. Parsa, M. Parvu, S. Pascoli, L. Pasqualini, J. Pasternak, J. Pater, C. Patrick, L. Patrizii, R. B. Patterson, S. J. Patton, T. Patzak, A. Paudel, B. Paulos, L. Paulucci, Z. Pavlovic, G. Pawloski, D. Payne, V. Pec, S. J. M. Peeters, Y. Penichot, E. Pennacchio, A. Penzo, O. L. G. Peres, J. Perry, D. Pershey, G. Pessina, G. Petrillo, C. Petta, R. Petti, F. Piastra, L. Pickering, F. Pietropaolo, J. Pillow, J. Pinzino, R. Plunkett, R. Poling, X. Pons, N. Poonthottathil, S. Pordes, M. Potekhin, R. Potenza, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, J. Pozimski, M. Pozzato, S. Prakash, T. Prakash, S. Prince, G. Prior, D. Pugnere, K. Qi, X. Qian, J. L. Raaf, R. Raboanary, V. Radeka, J. Rademacker, B. Radics, A. Rafique, E. Raguzin, M. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, I. Rakhno, H. T. Rakotondramanana, L. Rakotondravohitra, Y. A. Ramachers, R. Rameika, M. A. Ramirez Delgado, B. Ramson, A. Rappoldi, G. Raselli, P. Ratoff, S. Ravat, H. Razafinime, J. S. Real, B. Rebel, D. Redondo, M. Reggiani-Guzzo, T. Rehak, J. Reichenbacher, S. D. Reitzner, A. Renshaw, S. Rescia, F. Resnati, A. Reynolds, G. Riccobene, L. C. J. Rice, K. Rielage, Y. Rigaut, D. Rivera, L. Rochester, M. Roda, P. Rodrigues, M. J. Rodriguez Alonso, J. Rodriguez Rondon, A. J. Roeth, H. Rogers, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, M. Rossella, J. Rout, S. Roy, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, B. Russell, J. Russell, D. Ruterbories, R. Saakyan, S. Sacerdoti, T. Safford, N. Sahu, P. Sala, N. Samios, M. C. Sanchez, D. A. Sanders, D. Sankey, S. Santana, M. Santos-Maldonado, N. Saoulidou, P. Sapienza, C. Sarasty, I. Sarcevic, G. Savage, V. Savinov, A. Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. Scarpelli, T. Schaffer, H. Schellman, P. Schlabach, D. Schmitz, K. Scholberg, A. Schukraft, E. Segreto, J. Sensenig, I. Seong, A. Sergi, F. Sergiampietri, D. Sgalaberna, M. H. Shaevitz, S. Shafaq, M. Shamma, H. R. Sharma, R. Sharma, T. Shaw, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, S. Shin, D. Shooltz, R. Shrock, L. Simard, N. Simos, J. Sinclair, G. Sinev, J. Singh, V. 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Tsverava, S. Tufanli, C. Tull, E. Tyley, M. Tzanov, M. A. Uchida, J. Urheim, T. Usher, M. R. Vagins, P. Vahle, G. A. Valdiviesso, E. Valencia, Z. Vallari, J. W. F. Valle, S. Vallecorsa, R. Van Berg, R. G. Van de Water, D. Vanegas Forero, F. Varanini, D. Vargas, G. Varner, J. Vasel, G. Vasseur, K. Vaziri, S. Ventura, A. Verdugo, S. Vergani, M. A. Vermeulen, M. Verzocchi, H. Vieira de Souza, C. Vignoli, C. Vilela, B. Viren, T. Vrba, T. Wachala, A. V. Waldron, M. Wallbank, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, K. Warburton, D. Warner, M. Wascko, D. Waters, A. Watson, P. Weatherly, A. Weber, M. Weber, H. Wei, A. Weinstein, D. Wenman, M. Wetstein, M. R. While, A. White, L. H. Whitehead, D. Whittington, M. J. Wilking, C. Wilkinson, Z. Williams, F. Wilson, R. J. Wilson, J. Wolcott, T. Wongjirad, K. Wood, L. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, C. Wret, W. Wu, Y. Xiao, G. Yang, T. Yang, N. Yershov, K. Yonehara, T. Young, B. Yu, J. Yu, R. Zaki, J. Zalesak, L. Zambelli, B. Zamorano, A. Zani, L. Zazueta, G. P. Zeller, J. Zennamo, K. Zeug, C. Zhang, M. Zhao, E. Zhivun, G. Zhu, E. D. Zimmerman, M. Zito, S. Zucchelli, J. Zuklin, V. Zutshi, and R. Zwaska
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The deep underground neutrino experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projection chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron-neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE’s ability to constrain the $$\nu _e$$ ν e spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered.
Published: 2021
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33. Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

Author: B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, G. Adamov, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, T. Alion, S. Alonso Monsalve, C. Alt, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. P. Andrews, F. Andrianala, S. Andringa, A. Ankowski, M. Antonova, S. Antusch, A. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, L. O. Arnold, M. A. Arroyave, J. Asaadi, A. Aurisano, V. Aushev, D. Autiero, F. Azfar, H. Back, J. J. Back, C. Backhouse, P. Baesso, L. Bagby, R. Bajou, S. Balasubramanian, P. Baldi, B. Bambah, F. Barao, G. Barenboim, G. J. Barker, W. Barkhouse, C. Barnes, G. Barr, J. Barranco Monarca, N. Barros, J. L. Barrow, A. Bashyal, V. Basque, F. Bay, J. L. Bazo Alba, J. F. Beacom, E. Bechetoille, B. Behera, L. Bellantoni, G. Bellettini, V. Bellini, O. Beltramello, D. Belver, N. Benekos, F. Bento Neves, J. Berger, S. Berkman, P. Bernardini, R. M. Berner, H. Berns, S. Bertolucci, M. Betancourt, Y. Bezawada, M. Bhattacharjee, B. Bhuyan, S. Biagi, J. Bian, M. Biassoni, K. Biery, B. Bilki, M. Bishai, A. Bitadze, A. Blake, B. Blanco Siffert, F. D. M. Blaszczyk, G. C. Blazey, E. Blucher, J. Boissevain, S. Bolognesi, T. Bolton, M. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, F. Bonini, A. Booth, C. Booth, S. Bordoni, A. Borkum, T. Boschi, N. Bostan, P. Bour, S. B. Boyd, D. Boyden, J. Bracinik, D. Braga, D. Brailsford, A. Brandt, J. Bremer, C. Brew, E. Brianne, S. J. Brice, C. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, G. Brooijmans, J. Brooke, A. Bross, G. Brunetti, N. Buchanan, H. Budd, D. Caiulo, P. Calafiura, J. Calcutt, M. Calin, S. Calvez, E. Calvo, L. Camilleri, A. Caminata, M. Campanelli, D. Caratelli, G. Carini, B. Carlus, P. Carniti, I. Caro Terrazas, H. Carranza, A. Castillo, C. Castromonte, C. Cattadori, F. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, S. Centro, G. Cerati, A. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, M. Chalifour, C. Chang, E. Chardonnet, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, J. Chaves, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, D. Cherdack, C. Chi, S. Childress, A. Chiriacescu, K. Cho, S. Choubey, A. Christensen, D. Christian, G. Christodoulou, E. Church, P. Clarke, T. 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Grant, D. Gratieri, P. Green, S. Green, L. Greenler, M. Greenwood, J. Greer, W. C. Griffith, M. Groh, J. Grudzinski, K. Grzelak, W. Gu, V. Guarino, R. Guenette, A. Guglielmi, B. Guo, K. K. Guthikonda, R. Gutierrez, P. Guzowski, M. M. Guzzo, S. Gwon, A. Habig, A. Hackenburg, H. Hadavand, R. Haenni, A. Hahn, J. Haigh, J. Haiston, T. Hamernik, P. Hamilton, J. Han, K. Harder, D. A. Harris, J. Hartnell, T. Hasegawa, R. Hatcher, E. Hazen, A. Heavey, K. M. Heeger, J. Heise, K. Hennessy, S. Henry, M. A. Hernandez Morquecho, K. Herner, L. Hertel, A. S. Hesam, J. Hewes, A. Higuera, T. Hill, S. J. Hillier, A. Himmel, J. Hoff, C. Hohl, A. Holin, E. Hoppe, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Hostert, A. Hourlier, B. Howard, R. Howell, J. Huang, J. Hugon, G. Iles, N. Ilic, A. M. Iliescu, R. Illingworth, A. Ioannisian, R. Itay, A. Izmaylov, E. James, B. Jargowsky, F. Jediny, C. Jesùs-Valls, X. Ji, L. Jiang, S. Jiménez, A. Jipa, A. Joglekar, C. Johnson, R. Johnson, B. Jones, S. Jones, C. K. Jung, T. Junk, Y. 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LoSecco, W. C. Louis, K. B. Luk, X. Luo, N. Lurkin, T. Lux, V. P. Luzio, D. MacFarland, A. A. Machado, P. Machado, C. T. Macias, J. R. Macier, A. Maddalena, P. Madigan, S. Magill, K. Mahn, A. Maio, J. A. Maloney, G. Mandrioli, J. Maneira, L. Manenti, S. Manly, A. Mann, K. Manolopoulos, M. Manrique Plata, A. Marchionni, W. Marciano, D. Marfatia, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, F. Marinho, A. D. Marino, M. Marshak, C. Marshall, J. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, N. Martinez, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, S. Martynenko, K. Mason, A. Mastbaum, M. Masud, S. Matsuno, J. Matthews, C. Mauger, N. Mauri, K. Mavrokoridis, R. Mazza, A. Mazzacane, E. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, N. McConkey, K. S. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. McNab, A. Mefodiev, P. Mehta, P. Melas, M. Mellinato, O. Mena, S. Menary, H. Mendez, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, M. D. Messier, W. Metcalf, M. Mewes, H. Meyer, T. Miao, G. Michna, T. Miedema, J. Migenda, R. Milincic, W. Miller, J. Mills, C. Milne, O. Mineev, O. G. Miranda, S. Miryala, C. S. Mishra, S. R. Mishra, A. Mislivec, D. Mladenov, I. Mocioiu, K. Moffat, N. Moggi, R. Mohanta, T. A. Mohayai, N. Mokhov, J. Molina, L. Molina Bueno, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montanari, L. M. Montano Zetina, J. Moon, M. Mooney, A. Moor, D. Moreno, B. Morgan, C. Morris, C. Mossey, E. Motuk, C. A. Moura, J. Mousseau, W. Mu, L. Mualem, J. Mueller, M. Muether, S. Mufson, F. Muheim, A. Muir, M. Mulhearn, H. Muramatsu, S. Murphy, J. Musser, J. Nachtman, S. Nagu, M. Nalbandyan, R. Nandakumar, D. Naples, S. Narita, D. Navas-Nicolás, N. Nayak, M. Nebot-Guinot, L. Necib, K. Negishi, J. K. Nelson, J. Nesbit, M. Nessi, D. Newbold, M. Newcomer, D. Newhart, R. Nichol, E. Niner, K. Nishimura, A. Norman, A. Norrick, R. Northrop, P. Novella, J. A. Nowak, M. Oberling, A. Olivares Del Campo, A. Olivier, Y. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, J. Ott, L. Pagani, S. Pakvasa, O. Palamara, S. Palestini, J. M. Paley, M. Pallavicini, C. Palomares, E. Pantic, V. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, R. Papaleo, A. Papanestis, S. Paramesvaran, J. C. Park, S. Parke, Z. Parsa, M. Parvu, S. Pascoli, L. Pasqualini, J. Pasternak, J. Pater, C. Patrick, L. Patrizii, R. B. Patterson, S. J. Patton, T. Patzak, A. Paudel, B. Paulos, L. Paulucci, Z. Pavlovic, G. Pawloski, D. Payne, V. Pec, S. J. M. Peeters, Y. Penichot, E. Pennacchio, A. Penzo, O. L. G. Peres, J. Perry, D. Pershey, G. Pessina, G. Petrillo, C. Petta, R. Petti, F. Piastra, L. Pickering, F. Pietropaolo, J. Pillow, J. Pinzino, R. Plunkett, R. Poling, X. Pons, N. Poonthottathil, S. Pordes, M. Potekhin, R. Potenza, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, J. Pozimski, M. Pozzato, S. Prakash, T. Prakash, S. Prince, G. Prior, D. Pugnere, K. Qi, X. Qian, J. L. Raaf, R. Raboanary, V. Radeka, J. Rademacker, B. Radics, A. Rafique, E. Raguzin, M. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, I. Rakhno, H. T. Rakotondramanana, L. Rakotondravohitra, Y. A. Ramachers, R. Rameika, M. A. Ramirez Delgado, B. Ramson, A. Rappoldi, G. Raselli, P. Ratoff, S. Ravat, H. Razafinime, J. S. Real, B. Rebel, D. Redondo, M. Reggiani-Guzzo, T. Rehak, J. Reichenbacher, S. D. Reitzner, A. Renshaw, S. Rescia, F. Resnati, A. Reynolds, G. Riccobene, L. C. J. Rice, K. Rielage, Y. Rigaut, D. Rivera, L. Rochester, M. Roda, P. Rodrigues, M. J. Rodriguez Alonso, J. Rodriguez Rondon, A. J. Roeth, H. Rogers, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, M. Rossella, J. Rout, S. Roy, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, B. Russell, J. Russell, D. Ruterbories, R. Saakyan, S. Sacerdoti, T. Safford, N. Sahu, P. Sala, N. Samios, M. C. Sanchez, D. A. Sanders, D. Sankey, S. Santana, M. Santos-Maldonado, N. Saoulidou, P. Sapienza, C. Sarasty, I. Sarcevic, G. Savage, V. Savinov, A. Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. Scarpelli, T. Schaffer, H. Schellman, P. Schlabach, D. Schmitz, K. Scholberg, A. Schukraft, E. Segreto, J. Sensenig, I. Seong, A. Sergi, F. Sergiampietri, D. Sgalaberna, M. H. Shaevitz, S. Shafaq, M. Shamma, H. R. Sharma, R. Sharma, T. Shaw, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, S. Shin, D. Shooltz, R. Shrock, L. Simard, N. Simos, J. Sinclair, G. Sinev, J. Singh, V. Singh, R. Sipos, F. W. Sippach, G. Sirri, A. Sitraka, K. Siyeon, D. Smargianaki, A. Smith, E. Smith, P. Smith, J. Smolik, M. Smy, P. Snopok, M. Soares Nunes, H. Sobel, M. Soderberg, C. J. Solano Salinas, S. Söldner-Rembold, N. Solomey, V. Solovov, W. E. Sondheim, M. Sorel, J. Soto-Oton, A. Sousa, K. Soustruznik, F. Spagliardi, M. Spanu, J. Spitz, N. J. C. Spooner, K. Spurgeon, R. Staley, M. Stancari, L. Stanco, H. M. Steiner, J. Stewart, B. Stillwell, J. Stock, F. Stocker, D. Stocks, T. Stokes, M. Strait, T. Strauss, S. Striganov, A. Stuart, D. Summers, A. Surdo, V. Susic, L. Suter, C. M. Sutera, R. Svoboda, B. Szczerbinska, A. M. Szelc, R. Talaga, H. A. Tanaka, B. Tapia Oregui, A. Tapper, S. Tariq, E. Tatar, R. Tayloe, A. M. Teklu, M. Tenti, K. Terao, C. A. Ternes, F. Terranova, G. Testera, A. Thea, J. L. Thompson, C. Thorn, S. C. Timm, J. Todd, A. Tonazzo, M. Torti, M. Tortola, F. Tortorici, D. Totani, M. Toups, C. Touramanis, J. Trevor, W. H. Trzaska, Y.-T. Tsai, Z. Tsamalaidze, K. V. Tsang, N. Tsverava, S. Tufanli, C. Tull, E. Tyley, M. Tzanov, M. A. Uchida, J. Urheim, T. Usher, M. R. Vagins, P. Vahle, G. A. Valdiviesso, E. Valencia, Z. Vallari, J. W. F. Valle, S. Vallecorsa, R. Van Berg, R. G. Van de Water, D. Vanegas Forero, F. Varanini, D. Vargas, G. Varner, J. Vasel, G. Vasseur, K. Vaziri, S. Ventura, A. Verdugo, S. Vergani, M. A. Vermeulen, M. Verzocchi, H. Vieira de Souza, C. Vignoli, C. Vilela, B. Viren, T. Vrba, T. Wachala, A. V. Waldron, M. Wallbank, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, K. Warburton, D. Warner, M. Wascko, D. Waters, A. Watson, P. Weatherly, A. Weber, M. Weber, H. Wei, A. Weinstein, D. Wenman, M. Wetstein, M. R. While, A. White, L. H. Whitehead, D. Whittington, M. J. Wilking, C. Wilkinson, Z. Williams, F. Wilson, R. J. Wilson, J. Wolcott, T. Wongjirad, K. Wood, L. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, C. Wret, W. Wu, Y. Xiao, G. Yang, T. Yang, N. Yershov, K. Yonehara, T. Young, B. Yu, J. Yu, R. Zaki, J. Zalesak, L. Zambelli, B. Zamorano, A. Zani, L. Zazueta, G. P. Zeller, J. Zennamo, K. Zeug, C. Zhang, M. Zhao, Y. Zhao, E. Zhivun, G. Zhu, E. D. Zimmerman, M. Zito, S. Zucchelli, J. Zuklin, V. Zutshi, and R. Zwaska
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE’s sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach.
Published: 2021
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34. Reactor rate modulation oscillation analysis with two detectors in Double Chooz

Author: The Double Chooz collaboration, T. Abrahão, H. Almazan, J. C. dos Anjos, S. Appel, J. C. Barriere, I. Bekman, T. J. C. Bezerra, L. Bezrukov, E. Blucher, T. Brugière, C. Buck, J. Busenitz, A. Cabrera, M. Cerrada, E. Chauveau, P. Chimenti, O. Corpace, J. V. Dawson, Z. Djurcic, A. Etenko, H. Furuta, I. Gil-Botella, A. Givaudan, H. Gomez, L. F. G. Gonzalez, M. C. Goodman, T. Hara, J. Haser, D. Hellwig, A. Hourlier, M. Ishitsuka, J. Jochum, C. Jollet, K. Kale, M. Kaneda, M. Karakac, T. Kawasaki, E. Kemp, H. de Kerret, D. Kryn, M. Kuze, T. Lachenmaier, C. E. Lane, T. Lasserre, C. Lastoria, D. Lhuillier, H. P. Lima, M. Lindner, J. M. López-Castaño, J. M. LoSecco, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. Maeda, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, J. Martino, T. Matsubara, G. Mention, A. Meregaglia, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, A. Minotti, D. Navas-Nicolás, P. Novella, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, A. Onillon, A. Oralbaev, C. Palomares, I. M. Pepe, G. Pronost, J. Reichenbacher, B. Reinhold, S. Schönert, S. Schoppmann, L. Scola, R. Sharankova, V. Sibille, V. Sinev, M. Skorokhvatov, P. Soldin, A. Stahl, I. Stancu, L. F. F. Stokes, F. Suekane, S. Sukhotin, T. Sumiyoshi, Y. Sun, C. Veyssiere, B. Viaud, M. Vivier, S. Wagner, C. Wiebusch, G. Yang, and F. Yermia
Subjects: Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Oscillation, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract A θ 13 oscillation analysis based on the observed antineutrino rates at the Double Chooz far and near detectors for different reactor power conditions is presented. This approach provides a so far unique simultaneous determination of θ 13 and the total background rates without relying on any assumptions on the specific background contributions. The analysis comprises 865 days of data collected in both detectors with at least one reactor in operation. The oscillation results are enhanced by the use of 24.06 days (12.74 days) of reactor-off data in the far (near) detector. The analysis considers the ν ¯ e $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$ interactions up to a visible energy of 8.5 MeV, using the events at higher energies to build a cosmogenic background model considering fast-neutrons interactions and 9Li decays. The background-model-independent determination of the mixing angle yields sin2(2θ 13) = 0.094 ± 0.017, being the best-fit total background rates fully consistent with the cosmogenic background model. A second oscillation analysis is also performed constraining the total background rates to the cosmogenic background estimates. While the central value is not significantly modified due to the consistency between the reactor-off data and the background estimates, the addition of the background model reduces the uncertainty on θ 13 to 0.015. Along with the oscillation results, the normalization of the anti-neutrino rate is measured with a precision of 0.86%, reducing the 1.43% uncertainty associated to the expectation.
Published: 2021
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35. Integrated simulation analysis of the HL-2M high-parameter hybrid scenario

Author: Y. Zhong, G. Yang, X. Gong, P. Yu, Q. Tan, Q. Huang, P. Zheng, L. Yin, T. Yang, Z. Gao, Z. Wang, and M. Xu
Subjects: OMFIT, impurity concentration, pedestal density, HL-2M, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: On the basis of the OMFIT integrated simulation platform and the parameters of the HL-2M device, a hybrid scenario with a typical safety factor q profile is simulated using the joint injection method of neutral beam and electron cyclotron wave with a normalized toroidal beta ( β _N ) of 2.39. At the same time, by analyzing the effect of impurity concentration ( Z _eff ) and pedestal density ( n _e,ped ) on confinement, a higher parameters hybrid scenario is obtained, with β _N reaching 3.118. The research results indicate that the turbulent stabilization effect caused by Z _eff gradually decreases from strong to weak with the increase of Z _eff , whereas the radiation power loss increases linearly as Z _eff increases. Consequently, there exists an optimal Z _eff value for optimal confinement. In addition, it is found that the optimal Z _eff value decreases with the increase of n _e,ped . The research results are crucial for the HL-2M device to accomplish the 1 MA advanced scenario discharge target, and they serve as a reference for future impurity seeding experiments.
Published: 2023
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36. Recessed gate Pt-AlGaN/GaN HEMT H2 sensor.

Author: Robert Sokolovskij, J. Zhang, H. Zheng, W. Li, Yang Jiang, G. Yang, Hongyu Yu, Pasqualina M. Sarro, and G. Q. Zhang
Published: 2019
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37. Measurement of the charged-current electron (anti-)neutrino inclusive cross-sections at the T2K off-axis near detector ND280

Author: The T2K collaboration, K. Abe, N. Akhlaq, R. Akutsu, A. Ali, C. Alt, C. Andreopoulos, L. Anthony, M. Antonova, S. Aoki, A. Ariga, T. Arihara, Y. Asada, Y. Ashida, E. T. Atkin, Y. Awataguchi, S. Ban, M. Barbi, G. J. Barker, G. Barr, D. Barrow, C. Barry, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, A. Beloshapkin, F. Bench, V. Berardi, L. Berns, S. Bhadra, S. Bienstock, A. Blondel, S. Bolognesi, T. Bonus, B. Bourguille, S. B. Boyd, D. Brailsford, A. Bravar, D. Bravo Berguño, C. Bronner, S. Bron, A. Bubak, M. Buizza Avanzini, J. Calcutt, T. Campbell, S. Cao, S. L. Cartwright, M. G. Catanesi, A. Cervera, A. Chappell, C. Checchia, D. Cherdack, N. Chikuma, G. Christodoulou, M. Cicerchia, J. Coleman, G. Collazuol, L. Cook, D. Coplowe, A. Cudd, A. Dabrowska, G. De Rosa, T. Dealtry, P. F. Denner, S. R. Dennis, C. Densham, F. Di Lodovico, N. Dokania, S. Dolan, T. A. Doyle, O. Drapier, J. Dumarchez, P. Dunne, A. Eguchi, L. Eklund, S. Emery-Schrenk, A. Ereditato, P. Fernandez, T. Feusels, A. J. Finch, G. A. Fiorentini, G. Fiorillo, C. Francois, M. Friend, Y. Fujii, R. Fujita, D. Fukuda, R. Fukuda, Y. Fukuda, K. Fusshoeller, C. Giganti, T. Golan, M. Gonin, A. Gorin, M. Guigue, D. R. Hadley, J. T. Haigh, P. Hamacher-Baumann, M. Hartz, T. Hasegawa, S. Hassani, N. C. Hastings, T. Hayashino, Y. Hayato, A. Hiramoto, M. Hogan, J. Holeczek, N. T. Hong Van, T. Honjo, F. Iacob, A. K. Ichikawa, M. Ikeda, T. Ishida, T. Ishii, M. Ishitsuka, K. Iwamoto, A. Izmaylov, N. Izumi, M. Jakkapu, B. Jamieson, S. J. Jenkins, C. Jesús-Valls, M. Jiang, S. Johnson, P. Jonsson, C. K. Jung, X. Junjie, P. B. Jurj, M. Kabirnezhad, A. C. Kaboth, T. Kajita, H. Kakuno, J. Kameda, D. Karlen, S. P. Kasetti, Y. Kataoka, Y. Katayama, T. Katori, Y. Kato, E. Kearns, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, T. Kikawa, H. Kikutani, H. Kim, S. King, J. Kisiel, A. Knight, A. Knox, T. Kobata, T. Kobayashi, L. Koch, T. Koga, A. Konaka, L. L. Kormos, Y. Koshio, A. Kostin, K. Kowalik, H. Kubo, Y. Kudenko, N. Kukita, S. Kuribayashi, R. Kurjata, T. Kutter, M. Kuze, L. Labarga, J. Lagoda, M. Lamoureux, D. Last, M. Laveder, M. Lawe, M. Licciardi, T. Lindner, R. P. Litchfield, S. L. Liu, X. Li, A. Longhin, L. Ludovici, X. Lu, T. Lux, L. N. Machado, L. Magaletti, K. Mahn, M. Malek, S. Manly, L. Maret, A. D. Marino, L. Marti-Magro, J. F. Martin, T. Maruyama, T. Matsubara, K. Matsushita, V. Matveev, C. Mauger, K. Mavrokoridis, E. Mazzucato, M. McCarthy, N. McCauley, J. McElwee, K. S. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. Mefodiev, C. Metelko, M. Mezzetto, A. Minamino, O. Mineev, S. Mine, M. Miura, L. Molina Bueno, S. Moriyama, J. Morrison, Th. A. Mueller, L. Munteanu, S. Murphy, Y. Nagai, T. Nakadaira, M. Nakahata, Y. Nakajima, A. Nakamura, K. G. Nakamura, K. Nakamura, Y. Nakano, S. Nakayama, T. Nakaya, K. Nakayoshi, C. Nantais, C. E. R. Naseby, T. V. Ngoc, K. Niewczas, K. Nishikawa, Y. Nishimura, E. Noah, T. S. Nonnenmacher, F. Nova, P. Novella, J. Nowak, J. C. Nugent, H. M. O’Keeffe, L. O’Sullivan, T. Odagawa, T. Ogawa, R. Okada, K. Okumura, T. Okusawa, S. M. Oser, R. A. Owen, Y. Oyama, V. Palladino, J. L. Palomino, V. Paolone, M. Pari, W. C. Parker, S. Parsa, J. Pasternak, P. Paudyal, M. Pavin, D. Payne, G. C. Penn, L. Pickering, C. Pidcott, G. Pintaudi, E. S. Pinzon Guerra, C. Pistillo, B. Popov, K. Porwit, M. Posiadala-Zezula, A. Pritchard, B. Quilain, T. Radermacher, E. Radicioni, B. Radics, P. N. Ratoff, E. Reinherz-Aronis, C. Riccio, E. Rondio, S. Roth, A. Rubbia, A. C. Ruggeri, C. A. Ruggles, A. Rychter, K. Sakashita, F. Sánchez, G. Santucci, C. M. Schloesser, K. Scholberg, J. Schwehr, M. Scott, Y. Seiya, T. Sekiguchi, H. Sekiya, D. Sgalaberna, R. Shah, A. Shaikhiev, F. Shaker, A. Shaykina, M. Shiozawa, W. Shorrock, A. Shvartsman, A. Smirnov, M. Smy, J. T. Sobczyk, H. Sobel, F. J. P. Soler, Y. Sonoda, J. Steinmann, S. Suvorov, A. Suzuki, S. Y. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, A. A. Sztuc, M. Tada, M. Tajima, A. Takeda, Y. Takeuchi, H. K. Tanaka, H. A. Tanaka, S. Tanaka, Y. Tanihara, M. Tani, N. Teshima, L. F. Thompson, W. Toki, C. Touramanis, T. Towstego, K. M. Tsui, T. Tsukamoto, M. Tzanov, Y. Uchida, M. Vagins, S. Valder, Z. Vallari, D. Vargas, G. Vasseur, C. Vilela, W. G. S. Vinning, T. Vladisavljevic, V. V. Volkov, T. Wachala, J. Walker, J. G. Walsh, Y. Wang, D. Wark, M. O. Wascko, A. Weber, R. Wendell, M. J. Wilking, C. Wilkinson, J. R. Wilson, R. J. Wilson, K. Wood, C. Wret, Y. Yamada, K. Yamamoto, C. Yanagisawa, G. Yang, T. Yano, K. Yasutome, S. Yen, N. Yershov, M. Yokoyama, T. Yoshida, M. Yu, A. Zalewska, J. Zalipska, K. Zaremba, G. Zarnecki, M. Ziembicki, E. D. Zimmerman, M. Zito, S. Zsoldos, and A. Zykova
Subjects: Other experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The electron (anti-)neutrino component of the T2K neutrino beam constitutes the largest background in the measurement of electron (anti-)neutrino appearance at the far detector. The electron neutrino scattering is measured directly with the T2K off-axis near detector, ND280. The selection of the electron (anti-)neutrino events in the plastic scintillator target from both neutrino and anti-neutrino mode beams is discussed in this paper. The flux integrated single differential charged-current inclusive electron (anti-)neutrino cross-sections, dσ/dp and dσ/d cos(θ), and the total cross-sections in a limited phase-space in momentum and scattering angle (p > 300 MeV/c and θ ≤ 45°) are measured using a binned maximum likelihood fit and compared to the neutrino Monte Carlo generator predictions, resulting in good agreement.
Published: 2020
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38. Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment

Author: B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, G. Adamov, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, T. Alion, S. Alonso Monsalve, C. Alt, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. P. Andrews, F. Andrianala, S. Andringa, A. Ankowski, M. Antonova, S. Antusch, A. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, L. O. Arnold, M. A. Arroyave, J. Asaadi, A. Aurisano, V. Aushev, D. Autiero, F. Azfar, H. Back, J. J. Back, C. Backhouse, P. Baesso, L. Bagby, R. Bajou, S. Balasubramanian, P. Baldi, B. Bambah, F. Barao, G. Barenboim, G. J. Barker, W. Barkhouse, C. Barnes, G. Barr, J. Barranco Monarca, N. Barros, J. L. Barrow, A. Bashyal, V. Basque, F. Bay, J. L. Bazo Alba, J. F. Beacom, E. Bechetoille, B. Behera, L. Bellantoni, G. Bellettini, V. Bellini, O. Beltramello, D. Belver, N. Benekos, F. Bento Neves, J. Berger, S. Berkman, P. Bernardini, R. M. Berner, H. Berns, S. Bertolucci, M. Betancourt, Y. Bezawada, M. Bhattacharjee, B. Bhuyan, S. Biagi, J. Bian, M. Biassoni, K. Biery, B. Bilki, M. Bishai, A. Bitadze, A. Blake, B. Blanco Siffert, F. D. M. Blaszczyk, G. C. Blazey, E. Blucher, J. Boissevain, S. Bolognesi, T. Bolton, M. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, F. Bonini, A. Booth, C. Booth, S. Bordoni, A. Borkum, T. Boschi, N. Bostan, P. Bour, S. B. Boyd, D. Boyden, J. Bracinik, D. Braga, D. Brailsford, A. Brandt, J. Bremer, C. Brew, E. Brianne, S. J. Brice, C. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, G. Brooijmans, J. Brooke, A. Bross, G. Brunetti, N. Buchanan, H. Budd, D. Caiulo, P. Calafiura, J. Calcutt, M. Calin, S. Calvez, E. Calvo, L. Camilleri, A. Caminata, M. Campanelli, D. Caratelli, G. Carini, B. Carlus, P. Carniti, I. Caro Terrazas, H. Carranza, A. Castillo, C. Castromonte, C. Cattadori, F. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, S. Centro, G. Cerati, A. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, M. Chalifour, C. Chang, E. Chardonnet, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, J. Chaves, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, D. Cherdack, C. Chi, S. Childress, A. Chiriacescu, K. Cho, S. Choubey, A. Christensen, D. Christian, G. Christodoulou, E. Church, P. Clarke, T. E. Coan, A. G. Cocco, J. A. B. Coelho, E. Conley, J. M. Conrad, M. Convery, L. Corwin, P. Cotte, L. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, E. Cristaldo, R. Cross, C. Cuesta, Y. Cui, D. Cussans, M. Dabrowski, H. da Motta, L. Da Silva Peres, C. David, Q. David, G. S. Davies, S. Davini, J. Dawson, K. De, R. M. De Almeida, P. Debbins, I. De Bonis, M. P. Decowski, A. de Gouvêa, P. C. De Holanda, I. L. De Icaza Astiz, A. Deisting, P. De Jong, A. Delbart, D. Delepine, M. Delgado, A. Dell’Acqua, P. De Lurgio, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, D. M. DeMuth, S. Dennis, C. Densham, G. Deptuch, A. De Roeck, V. De Romeri, J. J. De Vries, R. Dharmapalan, M. Dias, F. Diaz, J. S. Díaz, S. Di Domizio, L. Di Giulio, P. Ding, L. Di Noto, C. Distefano, R. Diurba, M. Diwan, Z. Djurcic, N. Dokania, M. J. Dolinski, L. Domine, D. Douglas, F. Drielsma, D. Duchesneau, K. Duffy, P. Dunne, T. Durkin, H. Duyang, O. Dvornikov, D. A. Dwyer, A. S. Dyshkant, M. Eads, D. Edmunds, J. Eisch, S. Emery, A. Ereditato, C. O. Escobar, L. Escudero Sanchez, J. J. Evans, E. Ewart, A. C. Ezeribe, K. Fahey, A. Falcone, C. Farnese, Y. Farzan, J. Felix, E. Fernandez-Martinez, P. Fernandez Menendez, F. Ferraro, L. Fields, A. Filkins, F. Filthaut, R. S. Fitzpatrick, W. Flanagan, B. Fleming, R. Flight, J. Fowler, W. Fox, J. Franc, K. Francis, D. Franco, J. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, A. Friedland, S. Fuess, I. Furic, A. P. Furmanski, A. Gago, H. Gallagher, A. Gallego-Ros, N. Gallice, V. Galymov, E. Gamberini, T. Gamble, R. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, S. Gao, D. Garcia-Gamez, M. Á. García-Peris, S. Gardiner, D. Gastler, G. Ge, B. Gelli, A. Gendotti, S. Gent, Z. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, D. Gibin, I. Gil-Botella, C. Girerd, A. K. Giri, D. Gnani, O. Gogota, M. Gold, S. Gollapinni, K. Gollwitzer, R. A. Gomes, L. V. Gomez Bermeo, L. S. Gomez Fajardo, F. Gonnella, J. A. Gonzalez-Cuevas, M. C. Goodman, O. Goodwin, S. Goswami, C. Gotti, E. Goudzovski, C. Grace, M. Graham, E. Gramellini, R. Gran, E. Granados, A. Grant, C. Grant, D. Gratieri, P. Green, S. Green, L. Greenler, M. Greenwood, J. Greer, W. C. Griffith, M. Groh, J. Grudzinski, K. Grzelak, W. Gu, V. Guarino, R. Guenette, A. Guglielmi, B. Guo, K. K. Guthikonda, R. Gutierrez, P. Guzowski, M. M. Guzzo, S. Gwon, A. Habig, A. Hackenburg, H. Hadavand, R. Haenni, A. Hahn, J. Haigh, J. Haiston, T. Hamernik, P. Hamilton, J. Han, K. Harder, D. A. Harris, J. Hartnell, T. Hasegawa, R. Hatcher, E. Hazen, A. Heavey, K. M. Heeger, J. Heise, K. Hennessy, S. Henry, M. A. Hernandez Morquecho, K. Herner, L. Hertel, A. S. Hesam, J. Hewes, A. Higuera, T. Hill, S. J. Hillier, A. Himmel, J. Hoff, C. Hohl, A. Holin, E. Hoppe, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Hostert, A. Hourlier, B. Howard, R. Howell, J. Huang, J. Hugon, G. Iles, N. Ilic, A. M. Iliescu, R. Illingworth, A. Ioannisian, R. Itay, A. Izmaylov, E. James, B. Jargowsky, F. Jediny, C. Jesùs-Valls, X. Ji, L. Jiang, S. Jiménez, A. Jipa, A. Joglekar, C. Johnson, R. Johnson, B. Jones, S. Jones, C. K. Jung, T. Junk, Y. Jwa, M. Kabirnezhad, A. Kaboth, I. Kadenko, F. Kamiya, G. Karagiorgi, A. Karcher, M. Karolak, Y. Karyotakis, S. Kasai, S. P. Kasetti, L. Kashur, N. Kazaryan, E. Kearns, P. Keener, K. J. Kelly, E. Kemp, W. Ketchum, S. H. Kettell, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, D. Kim, B. King, B. Kirby, M. Kirby, J. Klein, K. Koehler, L. W. Koerner, S. Kohn, P. P. Koller, M. Kordosky, T. Kosc, U. Kose, V. A. Kostelecký, K. Kothekar, F. Krennrich, I. Kreslo, Y. Kudenko, V. A. Kudryavtsev, S. Kulagin, J. Kumar, R. Kumar, C. Kuruppu, V. Kus, T. Kutter, A. Lambert, K. Lande, C. E. Lane, K. Lang, T. Langford, P. Lasorak, D. Last, C. Lastoria, A. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, I. Lazanu, R. LaZur, T. Le, J. Learned, P. LeBrun, G. Lehmann Miotto, R. Lehnert, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, M. Leitner, M. Leyton, L. Li, S. Li, S. W. Li, T. Li, Y. Li, H. Liao, C. S. Lin, S. Lin, A. Lister, B. R. Littlejohn, J. Liu, S. Lockwitz, T. Loew, M. Lokajicek, I. Lomidze, K. Long, K. Loo, D. Lorca, T. Lord, J. M. LoSecco, W. C. Louis, K. B. Luk, X. Luo, N. Lurkin, T. Lux, V. P. Luzio, D. MacFarland, A. A. Machado, P. Machado, C. T. Macias, J. R. Macier, A. Maddalena, P. Madigan, S. Magill, K. Mahn, A. Maio, J. A. Maloney, G. Mandrioli, J. Maneira, L. Manenti, S. Manly, A. Mann, K. Manolopoulos, M. Manrique Plata, A. Marchionni, W. Marciano, D. Marfatia, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, F. Marinho, A. D. Marino, M. Marshak, C. Marshall, J. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, N. Martinez, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, S. Martynenko, K. Mason, A. Mastbaum, M. Masud, S. Matsuno, J. Matthews, C. Mauger, N. Mauri, K. Mavrokoridis, R. Mazza, A. Mazzacane, E. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, N. McConkey, K. S. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. McNab, A. Mefodiev, P. Mehta, P. Melas, M. Mellinato, O. Mena, S. Menary, H. Mendez, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, M. D. Messier, W. Metcalf, M. Mewes, H. Meyer, T. Miao, G. Michna, T. Miedema, J. Migenda, R. Milincic, W. Miller, J. Mills, C. Milne, O. Mineev, O. G. Miranda, S. Miryala, C. S. Mishra, S. R. Mishra, A. Mislivec, D. Mladenov, I. Mocioiu, K. Moffat, N. Moggi, R. Mohanta, T. A. Mohayai, N. Mokhov, J. Molina, L. Molina Bueno, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montanari, L. M. Montano Zetina, J. Moon, M. Mooney, A. Moor, D. Moreno, B. Morgan, C. Morris, C. Mossey, E. Motuk, C. A. Moura, J. Mousseau, W. Mu, L. Mualem, J. Mueller, M. Muether, S. Mufson, F. Muheim, A. Muir, M. Mulhearn, H. Muramatsu, S. Murphy, J. Musser, J. Nachtman, S. Nagu, M. Nalbandyan, R. Nandakumar, D. Naples, S. Narita, D. Navas-Nicolás, N. Nayak, M. Nebot-Guinot, L. Necib, K. Negishi, J. K. Nelson, J. Nesbit, M. Nessi, D. Newbold, M. Newcomer, D. Newhart, R. Nichol, E. Niner, K. Nishimura, A. Norman, A. Norrick, R. Northrop, P. Novella, J. A. Nowak, M. Oberling, A. Olivares Del Campo, A. Olivier, Y. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, J. Ott, L. Pagani, S. Pakvasa, O. Palamara, S. Palestini, J. M. Paley, M. Pallavicini, C. Palomares, E. Pantic, V. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, R. Papaleo, A. Papanestis, S. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, Z. Parsa, M. Parvu, S. Pascoli, L. Pasqualini, J. Pasternak, J. Pater, C. Patrick, L. Patrizii, R. B. Patterson, S. J. Patton, T. Patzak, A. Paudel, B. Paulos, L. Paulucci, Z. Pavlovic, G. Pawloski, D. Payne, V. Pec, S. J. M. Peeters, Y. Penichot, E. Pennacchio, A. Penzo, O. L. G. Peres, J. Perry, D. Pershey, G. Pessina, G. Petrillo, C. Petta, R. Petti, F. Piastra, L. Pickering, F. Pietropaolo, J. Pillow, J. Pinzino, R. Plunkett, R. Poling, X. Pons, N. Poonthottathil, S. Pordes, M. Potekhin, R. Potenza, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, J. Pozimski, M. Pozzato, S. Prakash, T. Prakash, S. Prince, G. Prior, D. Pugnere, K. Qi, X. Qian, J. L. Raaf, R. Raboanary, V. Radeka, J. Rademacker, B. Radics, A. Rafique, E. Raguzin, M. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, I. Rakhno, H. T. Rakotondramanana, L. Rakotondravohitra, Y. A. Ramachers, R. Rameika, M. A. Ramirez Delgado, B. Ramson, A. Rappoldi, G. Raselli, P. Ratoff, S. Ravat, H. Razafinime, J. S. Real, B. Rebel, D. Redondo, M. Reggiani-Guzzo, T. Rehak, J. Reichenbacher, S. D. Reitzner, A. Renshaw, S. Rescia, F. Resnati, A. Reynolds, G. Riccobene, L. C. J. Rice, K. Rielage, Y. Rigaut, D. Rivera, L. Rochester, M. Roda, P. Rodrigues, M. J. Rodriguez Alonso, J. Rodriguez Rondon, A. J. Roeth, H. Rogers, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, M. Rossella, J. Rout, S. Roy, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, B. Russell, J. Russell, D. Ruterbories, R. Saakyan, S. Sacerdoti, T. Safford, N. Sahu, P. Sala, N. Samios, M. C. Sanchez, D. A. Sanders, D. Sankey, S. Santana, M. Santos-Maldonado, N. Saoulidou, P. Sapienza, C. Sarasty, I. Sarcevic, G. Savage, V. Savinov, A. Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. Scarpelli, T. Schaffer, H. Schellman, P. Schlabach, D. Schmitz, K. Scholberg, A. Schukraft, E. Segreto, J. Sensenig, I. Seong, A. Sergi, F. Sergiampietri, D. Sgalaberna, M. H. Shaevitz, S. Shafaq, M. Shamma, H. R. Sharma, R. Sharma, T. Shaw, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, S. Shin, D. Shooltz, R. Shrock, L. Simard, N. Simos, J. Sinclair, G. Sinev, J. Singh, V. Singh, R. Sipos, F. W. Sippach, G. Sirri, A. Sitraka, K. Siyeon, D. Smargianaki, A. Smith, E. Smith, P. Smith, J. Smolik, M. Smy, P. Snopok, M. Soares Nunes, H. Sobel, M. Soderberg, C. J. Solano Salinas, S. Söldner-Rembold, N. Solomey, V. Solovov, W. E. Sondheim, M. Sorel, J. Soto-Oton, A. Sousa, K. Soustruznik, F. Spagliardi, M. Spanu, J. Spitz, N. J. C. Spooner, K. Spurgeon, R. Staley, M. Stancari, L. Stanco, H. M. Steiner, J. Stewart, B. Stillwell, J. Stock, F. Stocker, T. Stokes, M. Strait, T. Strauss, S. Striganov, A. Stuart, D. Summers, A. Surdo, V. Susic, L. Suter, C. M. Sutera, R. Svoboda, B. Szczerbinska, A. M. Szelc, R. Talaga, H. A. Tanaka, B. Tapia Oregui, A. Tapper, S. Tariq, E. Tatar, R. Tayloe, A. M. Teklu, M. Tenti, K. Terao, C. A. Ternes, F. Terranova, G. Testera, A. Thea, J. L. Thompson, C. Thorn, S. C. Timm, A. Tonazzo, M. Torti, M. Tortola, F. Tortorici, D. Totani, M. Toups, C. Touramanis, J. Trevor, W. H. Trzaska, Y. T. Tsai, Z. Tsamalaidze, K. V. Tsang, N. Tsverava, S. Tufanli, C. Tull, E. Tyley, M. Tzanov, M. A. Uchida, J. Urheim, T. Usher, M. R. Vagins, P. Vahle, G. A. Valdiviesso, E. Valencia, Z. Vallari, J. W. F. Valle, S. Vallecorsa, R. Van Berg, R. G. Van de Water, D. Vanegas Forero, F. Varanini, D. Vargas, G. Varner, J. Vasel, G. Vasseur, K. Vaziri, S. Ventura, A. Verdugo, S. Vergani, M. A. Vermeulen, M. Verzocchi, H. Vieira de Souza, C. Vignoli, C. Vilela, B. Viren, T. Vrba, T. Wachala, A. V. Waldron, M. Wallbank, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, K. Warburton, D. Warner, M. Wascko, D. Waters, A. Watson, P. Weatherly, A. Weber, M. Weber, H. Wei, A. Weinstein, D. Wenman, M. Wetstein, M. R. While, A. White, L. H. Whitehead, D. Whittington, M. J. Wilking, C. Wilkinson, Z. Williams, F. Wilson, R. J. Wilson, J. Wolcott, T. Wongjirad, K. Wood, L. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, C. Wret, W. Wu, Y. Xiao, G. Yang, T. Yang, N. Yershov, K. Yonehara, T. Young, B. Yu, J. Yu, R. Zaki, J. Zalesak, L. Zambelli, B. Zamorano, A. Zani, L. Zazueta, G. P. Zeller, J. Zennamo, K. Zeug, C. Zhang, M. Zhao, E. Zhivun, G. Zhu, E. D. Zimmerman, M. Zito, S. Zucchelli, J. Zuklin, V. Zutshi, and R. Zwaska
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5 $$\sigma $$ σ , for all $$\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$$ δ CP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3 $$\sigma $$ σ (5 $$\sigma $$ σ ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all $$\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$$ δ CP values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to $$\sin ^{2} 2\theta _{13}$$ sin 2 2 θ 13 to current reactor experiments.
Published: 2020
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39. Optimizing high-resolution Community Earth System Model on a heterogeneous many-core supercomputing platform

Author: S. Zhang, H. Fu, L. Wu, Y. Li, H. Wang, Y. Zeng, X. Duan, W. Wan, L. Wang, Y. Zhuang, H. Meng, K. Xu, P. Xu, L. Gan, Z. Liu, S. Wu, Y. Chen, H. Yu, S. Shi, S. Xu, W. Xue, W. Liu, Q. Guo, J. Zhang, G. Zhu, Y. Tu, J. Edwards, A. Baker, J. Yong, M. Yuan, Y. Yu, Q. Zhang, M. Li, D. Jia, G. Yang, Z. Wei, J. Pan, P. Chang, G. Danabasoglu, S. Yeager, N. Rosenbloom, and Y. Guo
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: With semiconductor technology gradually approaching its physical and thermal limits, recent supercomputers have adopted major architectural changes to continue increasing the performance through more power-efficient heterogeneous many-core systems. Examples include Sunway TaihuLight that has four management processing elements (MPEs) and 256 computing processing elements (CPEs) inside one processor and Summit that has two central processing units (CPUs) and six graphics processing units (GPUs) inside one node. Meanwhile, current high-resolution Earth system models that desperately require more computing power generally consist of millions of lines of legacy code developed for traditional homogeneous multicore processors and cannot automatically benefit from the advancement of supercomputer hardware. As a result, refactoring and optimizing the legacy models for new architectures become key challenges along the road of taking advantage of greener and faster supercomputers, providing better support for the global climate research community and contributing to the long-lasting societal task of addressing long-term climate change. This article reports the efforts of a large group in the International Laboratory for High-Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP) that was established by the cooperation of Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM), Texas A&M University (TAMU), and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), with the goal of enabling highly efficient simulations of the high-resolution (25 km atmosphere and 10 km ocean) Community Earth System Model (CESM-HR) on Sunway TaihuLight. The refactoring and optimizing efforts have improved the simulation speed of CESM-HR from 1 SYPD (simulation years per day) to 3.4 SYPD (with output disabled) and supported several hundred years of pre-industrial control simulations. With further strategies on deeper refactoring and optimizing for remaining computing hotspots, as well as redesigning architecture-oriented algorithms, we expect an equivalent or even better efficiency to be gained on the new platform than traditional homogeneous CPU platforms. The refactoring and optimizing processes detailed in this paper on the Sunway system should have implications for similar efforts on other heterogeneous many-core systems such as GPU-based high-performance computing (HPC) systems.
Published: 2020
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40. Solvent-free synthesis of oleic acid-based wax esters using recyclable acidic deep eutectic solvent

Author: Z. Li, W. Liu, and G. Yang
Subjects: Liquid wax esters, Esterification, Deep eutectic solvents, Solvent-free, p-toluenesulfonic acid, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: Wax esters have been widely used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Oleic acid wax esters can be used to replace spermaceti oil or jojoba oil. In this work, the acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride and p-toluenesulfonic acid (1:4, mol/mol) was used as an efficient recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of oleic acid-based liquid wax esters through an esterification reaction. The esterification conversion of cetyl alcohol reached 99.1% under the following optimal reaction conditions: 5% DES as catalyst, molar ratio of fatty acid to alcohol of 1.3:1 and reaction temperature of 70 oC for 3h. The catalyst recovery experiments showed that this low-price acidic DES catalyst could be reused five times with uniform activity. Moreover, DES-catalyzed solvent-free esterification could be applied in the preparation of other oleic acid-based wax esters and excellent conversions (> 96%) could be obtained under such mild conditions.
Published: 2022
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41. Oxygenated products formed from OH-initiated reactions of trimethylbenzene: autoxidation and accretion

Author: Y. Wang, A. Mehra, J. E. Krechmer, G. Yang, X. Hu, Y. Lu, A. Lambe, M. Canagaratna, J. Chen, D. Worsnop, H. Coe, and L. Wang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Gas-phase oxidation pathways and products of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly aromatics, are the subject of intensive research, with attention paid to their contributions to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and potentially new particle formation (NPF) in the urban atmosphere. In this study, a series of OH-initiated oxidation experiments of trimethylbenzene (TMB, C9H12) including 1,2,4-TMB, 1,3,5-TMB, 1,2,3-TMB, and 1,2,4-(methyl-D3)-TMBs (C9H9D3) were investigated in an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) in the absence and presence of NOx. Products were measured using a suite of state-of-the-art instruments, i.e. a nitrate-based chemical ionization–atmospheric pressure interface time-of-flight mass spectrometer (nitrate CI-APi-TOF), an iodide-adduct chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (iodide CI-TOF) equipped with a Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO), and a Vocus proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (Vocus PTR). A large number of C9 products with 1–11 oxygen atoms and C18 products presumably formed from dimerization of C9 peroxy radicals were observed, hinting at the extensive existence of autoxidation and accretion reaction pathways in the OH-initiated oxidation reactions of TMBs. Oxidation products of 1,2,4-(methyl-D3)-TMBs with deuterium atoms in different methyl substituents were then used as a molecular basis to propose potential autoxidation reaction pathways. Accretion of C9 peroxy radicals is the most significant for aromatics with meta-substituents and the least for aromatics with ortho-substituents if the number and size of substituted groups are identical. The presence of NOx would suppress the formation of highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs) of C18 and enhance the formation of organonitrates and even dinitrate organic compounds. Our results show that the oxidation products of TMB are much more diverse and could be more oxygenated than the current mechanisms predict.
Published: 2020
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42. Sterile neutrino oscillometry with Jinping

Author: M. V. Smirnov, Zh. J. Hu, J. J. Ling, Yu. N. Novikov, Z. Wang, and G. Yang
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The existence of sterile neutrino is an open question in neutrino physics up to now. The method of neutrino oscillometry provides a powerful tool to test the common 3 + 1 sterile neutrino hypothesis, i.e. three active flavors and one sterile flavor. There are several antineutrino sources which can be used for this method. One of them is the well known isotope chain of $$^{144}\mathrm{Ce}$$ 144Ce –$$^{144}{\mathrm{Pr}}$$ 144Pr with initial activity around 50–100 kCi. It has compact size and might be installed either outside or inside the detector. Another one is the short-lived isotope $$^8{\mathrm{Li}}$$ 8Li , which can be produced in nuclear reaction of a proton beam hitting a beryllium target. The lithium source has only the out-of-detector option due to its large size. The proposed Jinping water-based liquid scintillator detector will be used as a detection volume. Above experimental setups will allow us to cover the current best fit values of oscillation parameters with 90% C.L. At the same time, it is sensitive to the region of the Neutrino-4 result.
Published: 2020
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43. Non-Coding RNA Extraction from Nucleus Pulposus of Intervertebral Discs with Subsequent Expression Profiling

Author: I. F. Gareev, O. A. Beylerli, G. Yang, and D. Zhang
Subjects: микро-рнк, длинные некодирующие рнк, студенистое ядро, генная экспрессия, полимеразная цепная реакция в реальном времени, коллагеназа ii типа, межпозвоночные диски, рнк расщепление, Surgery, RD1-811, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Background. With numerous extraction protocols for total RNA and RNA fractions, like microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), available for various cell and tissue types, obtaining a high quantitative and qualitative yield from some special material, such as the nucleus pulposus, remains challenging. Nucleus pulposus is troublesome to manage in common RNA isolation protocols due to low cell content and high biopolymer concentrations, including proteoglycans and glycoproteins, which impair overall purity and yield. A major lack of reproducible methods for total and fraction RNA isolation directly from the nucleus pulposus impedes effective real-time PCR applications for downstream miRNA and lncRNA expression profiling in the course of intervertebral disc degeneration. In this study, we exploit the collagenase type II lytic properties to facilitate extraction of total and fraction RNA from the nucleus pulposus and compare results with the standard RNA isolation method.Materials and methods. Nucleus pulposus samples (n = 8) were obtained from September 2017 to December 2018 from patients with herniated discs in the lumbosacral spine diagnosed during surgery. Equal portions of samples were processed with the standard and original RNA isolation protocols.Results and discussion. Th e enzymatic lysis method for total and fraction RNA isolation from the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs demonstrated excellent integrity and high purity. No protein, polysaccharide or collagen contamination was detected.Conclusion. Th e method reported allows an improved quantitative and qualitative total and fraction RNA yield from the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs. Th e method can be used in future research on miRNA and lncRNA expression profiling with real-time PCR by improving the average cycle threshold value.
Published: 2020
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44. Theia: an advanced optical neutrino detector

Author: M. Askins, Z. Bagdasarian, N. Barros, E. W. Beier, E. Blucher, R. Bonventre, E. Bourret, E. J. Callaghan, J. Caravaca, M. Diwan, S. T. Dye, J. Eisch, A. Elagin, T. Enqvist, V. Fischer, K. Frankiewicz, C. Grant, D. Guffanti, C. Hagner, A. Hallin, C. M. Jackson, R. Jiang, T. Kaptanoglu, J. R. Klein, Yu. G. Kolomensky, C. Kraus, F. Krennrich, T. Kutter, T. Lachenmaier, B. Land, K. Lande, J. G. Learned, V. Lozza, L. Ludhova, M. Malek, S. Manecki, J. Maneira, J. Maricic, J. Martyn, A. Mastbaum, C. Mauger, F. Moretti, J. Napolitano, B. Naranjo, M. Nieslony, L. Oberauer, G. D. Orebi Gann, J. Ouellet, T. Pershing, S. T. Petcov, L. Pickard, R. Rosero, M. C. Sanchez, J. Sawatzki, S. H. Seo, M. Smiley, M. Smy, A. Stahl, H. Steiger, M. R. Stock, H. Sunej, R. Svoboda, E. Tiras, W. H. Trzaska, M. Tzanov, M. Vagins, C. Vilela, Z. Wang, J. Wang, M. Wetstein, M. J. Wilking, L. Winslow, P. Wittich, B. Wonsak, E. Worcester, M. Wurm, G. Yang, M. Yeh, E. D. Zimmerman, S. Zsoldos, and K. Zuber
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract New developments in liquid scintillators, high-efficiency, fast photon detectors, and chromatic photon sorting have opened up the possibility for building a large-scale detector that can discriminate between Cherenkov and scintillation signals. Such a detector could reconstruct particle direction and species using Cherenkov light while also having the excellent energy resolution and low threshold of a scintillator detector. Situated deep underground, and utilizing new techniques in computing and reconstruction, this detector could achieve unprecedented levels of background rejection, enabling a rich physics program spanning topics in nuclear, high-energy, and astrophysics, and across a dynamic range from hundreds of keV to many GeV. The scientific program would include observations of low- and high-energy solar neutrinos, determination of neutrino mass ordering and measurement of the neutrino CP-violating phase $$\delta $$ δ , observations of diffuse supernova neutrinos and neutrinos from a supernova burst, sensitive searches for nucleon decay and, ultimately, a search for neutrinoless double beta decay, with sensitivity reaching the normal ordering regime of neutrino mass phase space. This paper describes Theia, a detector design that incorporates these new technologies in a practical and affordable way to accomplish the science goals described above.
Published: 2020
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45. DROUGHT MONITORING IN SHANDONG PROVINCE BASED ON MODIFIED TEMPERATURE-VEGETATION-SOIL MOISTURE DRYNESS INDEX (TVMDI)

Author: H. Wan, Z. D. Wang, P. Guo, B. Wang, X. C. Li, C. H. Meng, and G. Yang
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: Drought is one of the frequent natural disasters in Shandong province, which is characterized by high frequency and wide range. In response to frequent droughts that are not monitored in time, monitoring the changes of drought is of great significance to agricultural production and social development. This study used the Temperature-Vegetation-soil Moisture Dryness Index (TVMDI) model, combined with the optical MODIS land surface temperature, vegetation index, surface albedo data and microwave FY-3B soil moisture data, to monitor the drought of Shandong province in 2016. The precipitation and temperature data of weather station were used to validate the monitoring results. The results show that, in 2016, the drought in Shandong province mainly occurred in winter and spring, and the drought in summer was alleviated. From the perspective of space, the northern Shandong and the Shandong peninsula areas are relatively humid with less drought time, while the local areas in the central and southern Shandong province suffer from severe drought with longer drought time. From the perspective of correlation with meteorological factors, the average correlation coefficient between TVMDI and precipitation can reach 0.45, and the average correlation coefficient between TVMDI and temperature can reach 0.63.
Published: 2020
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46. THE METHODOLOGY AND APPLICATION OF NEW THREE-DIMENSIONAL GUIDE SYSTEM AND INTELLIGENT SERVICE IN INTELLIGENT SCENIC SPOT: A CASE STUDY OF QIXING SCENIC SPOT IN GUILIN CITY, GUANGXI, CHINA

Author: B. S. Li, S. K. Wu, X. Li, J. H. Guo, B. L. Zhu, and W. G. Yang
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: Nowadays, 3D navigation systems and intelligent services are costly to use, and the accuracy of intelligent navigation does not meet the needs of tourists, and the practicality is not strong. Based on the current situation of the construction of the smart scenic navigation system and the actual needs of tourists, this study determines the main principles and methods of the tour guide system and intelligent services. Taking a certain scenic spot as the specific research object, the A* algorithm is used to solve the path. By optimizing the online gracing service of the arc gis server network, the appropriate data interpolation method is used to improve the accuracy of the elevation data of the scenic spot, and the characteristics of the three-dimensional symbol system are combined. The 3D symbol design system is optimized, and a high-precision 3D navigation map model is established. Finally, the corresponding 3D tour guide system and scenic area intelligent service are designed based on this, and the principle and application flow of the intelligent scenic area navigation system construction are summarized. The three-dimensional map model and its navigation system designed by this research institute reduce the risk of tourists during the tour, improve the quality and efficiency of the tour, and provide a practical service optimization solution for the smart scenic three-dimensional navigation system. The construction and use cost of the high-precision three-dimensional navigation system in the scenic spot is reduced.
Published: 2020
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47. Review: Enhancing intramuscular fat development via targeting fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells in meat animals

Author: X. Li, X. Fu, G. Yang, and M. Du
Subjects: adipogenesis, fibro-adipogenic progenitors, skeletal muscle, marbling, meat, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: In the livestock industry, subcutaneous and visceral fat pads are considered as wastes, while intramuscular fat or marbling fat is essential for improving flavor and palatability of meat. Thus, strategies for optimizing fat deposition are needed. Intramuscular adipocytes provide sites for lipid deposition and marbling formation. In the present article, we addressed the origin and markers of intramuscular adipocyte progenitors – fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), as well as the latest progresses in mechanisms regulating the proliferation and differentiation of intramuscular FAPs. Finally, by targeting intramuscular FAPs, possible nutritional manipulations to improve marbling fat deposition are discussed. Despite recent progresses, the properties and regulation of intramuscular FAPs in livestock remain poorly understood and deserve further investigation.
Published: 2020
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48. OpenArray v1.0: a simple operator library for the decoupling of ocean modeling and parallel computing

Author: X. Huang, D. Wang, Q. Wu, Y. Li, S. Zhang, Y. Chen, M. Wang, Y. Gao, Q. Tang, Z. Fang, Z. Song, and G. Yang
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Rapidly evolving computational techniques are making a large gap between scientific aspiration and code implementation in climate modeling. In this work, we design a simple computing library to bridge the gap and decouple the work of ocean modeling from parallel computing. This library provides 12 basic operators that feature user-friendly interfaces, effective programming, and implicit parallelism. Several state-of-the-art computing techniques, including computing graph and just-in-time compiling, are employed to parallelize the seemingly serial code and speed up the ocean models. These operator interfaces are designed using native Fortran programming language to smooth the learning curve. We further implement a highly readable and efficient ocean model that contains only 1860 lines of code but achieves a 91 % parallel efficiency in strong scaling and 99 % parallel efficiency in weak scaling with 4096 Intel CPU cores. This ocean model also exhibits excellent scalability on the heterogeneous Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer. This work presents a promising alternative tool for the development of ocean models.
Published: 2019
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49. Extraction of Exosomes from Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients’ Blood Plasma

Author: I. F. Gareev, O. A. Beylerli, Sh. Zhao, G. Yang, J. Sun, A. T. Beilerli, and Sh. M. Safin
Subjects: глиобластома, новообразования, экзосомы, плазма, экстракция, центрифугирование, биомаркеры, Surgery, RD1-811, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Introduction. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary malignant brain tumour in adults associated with a poor prognosis. Exosomes have been shown to be useful non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours, GBM included. Exosomes play a role of biological carriers which can perform various tasks through various signalling pathways of carcinogenesis, such as PI3K/AKT, SOX2, PTEN, ERK and STAT3.Materials and methods. Exosomes were isolated from blood plasma taken from patients diagnosed with GBM prior to surgical resection.Results and discussion. Plasma exosomes from patients with GBM had spherical shape and varied in size from 40 to 100 nm matching the exosomes’ morphological characteristics. The combination of ultrafiltration and double ultracentrifugation makes it possible to extract exosome examples from plasma without the presence of contaminating particles over 100 nm in size; the shape and size of these vesicles match the characteristics of exosomes isolated from other biological fluids.Conclusion. The experimental protocol for the extraction of exosomes from GBM patients’ plasma described here proves effective as a method used to ensure the purity of exosomes. Applying this method offers further opportunities for research into the role of exosomes in GBM pathogenesis. Equally this method can be used in research involving other human pathologies.
Published: 2019
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50. Cooperative trajectory shaping guidance law for multiple anti-ship missiles

Author: G. Yang, Y. Fang, W. Ma, S. Zhu, and W. Fu
Subjects: Aerospace Engineering
Abstract: To enhance the performance of anti-ship missiles cooperative attack, this paper proposes a finite-time trajectory shaping-based cooperative guidance law (TSCGL). Firstly, the cooperative guidance model is established on segmented linearisation of the missile’s heading angle. Then, a trajectory shaping guidance law for a single missile is derived by a weighted optimal energy cost function and Schwarz inequality. On this basis, a finite-time TSCGL is proposed combined with trajectory shaping technology and finite-time theory. The desirable finite-time convergence performance can ensure a simultaneous attack. Through an improved method of time-to-go estimation, it is independent of small-angle assumption and relaxes the launching conditions of the missiles. Additionally, the proposed finite-time TSCGL can achieve better damage performance through energy management. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed finite-time TSCGL.
Published: 2023

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