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1. Larval and adult morphology of Photuris elliptica Olivier (Coleoptera, Lampyridae) and a Halloweeny case of cave-dwelling firefly larva feeding on bat guano

Author

Paula M. Souto, Simone P. Rosa, Robson de A. Zampaulo, Sara C. Rivera, Thais G. Pellegrini, and Luiz F. L. da Silveira

Subjects
Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The predatory firefly Photuris elliptica is common throughout the Atlantic Forest and has been proposed as a biomonitor due to the species’ narrow niche and elevational range. However, the species is only known from adults, and a more effective monitoring of its populations hinges on the lack of knowledge on their immature stages. Recent sampling in ferruginous caves and inserted in other lithologies, on sites in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, have led to the capture of firefly larvae later reared to adults in the lab. Firefly larvae have been reported in South American caves before; however, they have only been identified to family due to the adult-biased taxonomy of Lampyridae. Here, we provide an updated diagnosis of Photuris elliptica, describe its immature stages for the first time, and update the distribution of the species. The larvae of Photuris elliptica were observed to interact with guano of several bat species, including that of vampire bats. These observations are consistent with the less specialized feeding preferences of photurine larvae, unlike most other firefly taxa, which specialize in gastropods and earthworms. It is yet unclear whether P. elliptica are cave specialists. However, since its occurrence outside caves remains unknown, protecting cave environments must be considered in conservation strategies for this important biomonitor species.

Published
2024
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3. Using morphometrics to sex adult and juvenile Soras ( Porzana carolina )

Author

Katherine A Dami, Allan D McQuarrie, Meredith Lewis, Alex G Pellegrini, Ayla M McDonough, and Gregory D Kearns

Subjects
logistic regression, non-invasive sexing, sex-linked morphology, sexual dimorphism, sora, rallidae, Zoology, QL1-991, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Determining the sex and age of individuals can be an essential element of conservation management, wildlife monitoring, and demographic analysis. For many members of the family Rallidae, distinguishing between males and females is challenging, even when the bird is in the hand. The Sora ( Porzana carolina ), a secretive rail that occupies freshwater wetlands throughout the United States and Canada, represents a species that is challenging to sex in the field. Morphometric measurements can help sex birds of an array of species, including rails. However, no comprehensive morphometric model has been fully validated for sexing Soras. We used DNA analysis to confirm the sex of Soras captured in the field and logistic regression models to determine which morphological features were the best predictors of sex. Measurements from 108 Soras (31 hatch year females (HY-F), 29 hatch year males (HY-M), 22 after hatch year females (AHY-F), and 26 after hatch year males (AHY-M) were used to create our logistic regression model. Color definition and connectivity of the auricular patch to eye or nape was used as an additional characteristic in adult birds. Our top-ranked model was further validated using a sample of 72 individuals exhibiting intermediate traits that would be particularly challenging to distinguish in the field. Our top performing model incorporated culmen length and tarsometatarsus length as the features most predictive of sex and had an overall accuracy of 85%. If higher accuracy is desired, an inconclusive band, which eliminates birds of low model score, i.e., scores indicative of inconclusive sex (below + or - 1.2), can be used. The accuracy of remaining birds (75% of sample) will be increased to 95%. Our model shows that simple measurements of culmen and tarsometatarsus is useful in discriminating the sex of a large percentage of live-caught Soras. This morphometric model will facilitate further demographic studies of this species and may be useful in designing morphometric studies of other species in the family Rallidae.

Published
2024
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4. Distribution of TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor phenotype and haplotypes among COVID-19 patients

Author

D. Risso, D. Carmagnola, G. Morini, G. Pellegrini, E. Canciani, M. Antinucci, D. Henin, and C. Dellavia

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 is expressed in the respiratory tract and can respond to quorum-sensing molecules produced by pathogens, stimulating the release of nitric oxide, with biocidal activity. TAS2R38 presents two main high-frequency haplotypes: the “taster” PAV and the “non-taster” AVI. Individuals carrying the AVI allele could be at greater risk of infections, including SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of PAV and AVI alleles in COVID-19 patients with severe or non-severe symptoms compared to healthy subjects to further corroborate, or not, the hypothesis that the PAV allele may act as a protecting factor towards SARS-CoV-2 infection while the AVI one may represent a risk factor. After careful selection, 54 individuals were included in the study and underwent genetic analysis and PROP phenotype assessment. Our investigation could not point out at a significant relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for PROP bitterness and presence/severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as previous studies suggested. Our results uncouple the direct genetic contribution of rs10246939, rs1726866 and rs713598 on COVID-19, calling for caution when proposing a treatment based on TAS2R38 phenotypes.

Published
2022
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5. Dependence of atmospheric muon flux on seawater depth measured with the first KM3NeT detection units

Author

M. Ageron, S. Aiello, F. Ameli, M. Andre, G. Androulakis, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J. Aublin, C. Bagatelas, G. Barbarino, B. Baret, S. Basegmez du Pree, A. Belias, E. Berbee, A. M. van den Berg, V. Bertin, V. van Beveren, S. Biagi, A. Biagioni, S. Bianucci, M. Billault, M. Bissinger, R. de Boer, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, M. Briel, M. Bruchner, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, G. Cacopardo, L. Caillat, C. Calì, D. Calvo, A. Capone, S. Celli, M. Chabab, N. Chau, S. Cherubini, V. Chiarella, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer Molla, S. Colonges, R. Coniglione, A. Cosquer, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, C. D’Amato, A. D’Amico, A. D’Onofrio, R. Dallier, M. De Palma, C. De Sio, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, R. Donà, C. Donzaud, L. van Dooren, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, M. Durocher, T. Eberl, T. van Eeden, I. El Bojaddaini, H. Eljarrari, D. Elsaesser, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, L. A. Fusco, D. Gajanana, T. Gal, A. Garcia Soto, F. Garufi, L. Gialanella, E. Giorgio, A. Giuliante, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, D. Grasso, T. Grégoire, G. Grella, A. Grimaldi, A. Grmek, D. Guderian, M. Guerzoni, C. Guidi, S. Hallmann, H. Hamdaoui, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, S. Henry, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, E. Huesca Santiago, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, P. Jansweijer, M. Jongen, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Kadler, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, F. Kayzel, P. Keller, N. R. Khan Chowdhury, F. van der Knaap, E. N. Koffeman, P. Kooijman, J. Koopstra, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, V. Kulikovskiy, K. K. Meghna, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Larosa, J. Laurence, R. Le Breton, F. Leone, E. Leonora, G. Levi, F. Librizzi, M. Lincetto, P. Litrico, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, A. Lonardo, F. Longhitano, D. Lopez-Coto, G. Maggi, J. Mańczak, K. Mannheim, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, F. Marzaioli, R. Mele, K. W. Melis, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, L. S. Miranda, C. M. Mollo, M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, M. Moser, A. Moussa, R. Muller, P. Musico, M. Musumeci, L. Nauta, S. Navas, C. A. Nicolau, C. Nielsen, B. Ó Fearraigh, M. Organokov, A. Orlando, V. Panagopoulos, G. Pancaldi, G. Papalashvili, R. Papaleo, C. Pastore, G. E. Păvălaş, G. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, P. Piattelli, K. Pikounis, O. Pisanti, C. Poirè, G. Polydefki, V. Popa, M. Post, T. Pradier, G. Pühlhofer, S. Pulvirenti, L. Quinn, F. Raffaelli, N. Randazzo, A. Rapicavoli, S. Razzaque, D. Real, S. Reck, J. Reubelt, G. Riccobene, L. Rigalleau, G. Rizza, R. Rocco, A. Rovelli, J. Royon, M. Salemi, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, M. Sanguineti, A. Santangelo, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schmelling, V. Sciacca, D. Sciliberto, J. Seneca, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, F. Simeone, A. Sinopoulou, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, J. Steijger, S. M. Stellacci, B. Strandberg, D. Stransky, T. Stüven, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, E. Tenllado, D. Tézier, T. Thakore, S. Theraube, P. Timmer, S. Tingay, A. Trovato, S. Tsagkli, E. Tzamariudaki, D. Tzanetatos, C. Valieri, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, G. de Wasseige, J. Wilms, R. Wojaczyński, E. de Wolf, D. Zaborov, A. Zegarelli, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract KM3NeT is a research infrastructure located in the Mediterranean Sea, that will consist of two deep-sea Cherenkov neutrino detectors. With one detector (ARCA), the KM3NeT Collaboration aims at identifying and studying TeV–PeV astrophysical neutrino sources. With the other detector (ORCA), the neutrino mass ordering will be determined by studying GeV-scale atmospheric neutrino oscillations. The first KM3NeT detection units were deployed at the Italian and French sites between 2015 and 2017. In this paper, a description of the detector is presented, together with a summary of the procedures used to calibrate the detector in-situ. Finally, the measurement of the atmospheric muon flux between 2232–3386 m seawater depth is obtained.

Published
2020
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6. Drivers of ant composition, richness, and trophic guilds in Neotropical iron ore cavities

Author

Rodrigo A. Castro-Souza, Thais G. Pellegrini, Marconi Souza-Silva, and Rodrigo L. Ferreira

Subjects
cave, myrmecofauna, formicidae, generalists, iron ore, brazil, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Subterranean habitats may be considered limiting for animal colonization, especially for ants, due to permanent darkness and mainly because of oligotrophic conditions. While not as deep as limestone caves, iron ore caves and other subterranean habitats may be more available for colonization because of their shallower depth. We use the richness and composition of ants to assess how differences in habitat structure affect the biodiversity and ecosystem function between cavities and surrounding epigean landscapes. We predicted that the distribution of ants would be different because of the variation in habitat structure and cavity conditions may act as a filter for colonization by ants. A high diversity of ants was found in the 20 sampled cavities (26 species), and most of them were grouped in the generalist trophic guilds. The distribution of ants occurred independently of the type of cavity to which they are associated (caves, impacted caves and mines). Significant differences were observed in ant richness between epigean and cavities habitats, with lower average richness in cavities. The physical attributes of the cavities did not influence richness, mainly because cavity use by ants can usually be explained by their opportunistic habits and generalist lifestyle. Ants can participate directly in the cavities assemblage, playing roles in species composition and trophic functionality, due to the lower use restriction.

Published
2019
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8. Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

The KM3NeT collaboration, S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, S. Aiello, A. Albert, F. Ameli, E. G. Anassontzis, M. Andre, G. Androulakis, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, T. Avgitas, G. Barbarino, E. Barbarito, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Mart, A. Belias, E. Berbee, A. van den Berg, V. Bertin, S. Beurthey, V. van Beveren, N. Beverini, S. Biagi, A. Biagioni, M. Billault, M. Bondì, R. Bormuth, B. Bouhadef, G. Bourlis, S. Bourret, C. Boutonnet, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, G. Cacopardo, L. Caillat, M. Calamai, D. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, S. Cecchini, S. Celli, C. Champion, S. Cherubini, V. Chiarella, L. Chiarelli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, L. Classen, D. Cobas, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, S. Colonges, R. Coniglione, M. Cordelli, A. Cosquer, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, C. D’Amato, A. D’Amico, A. D’Onofrio, G. De Bonis, C. De Sio, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Distefano, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, Q. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, M. Durocher, T. Eberl, S. Eichie, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, D. Elsaesser, A. Enzenhöfer, M. Favaro, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, G. Frascadore, M. Furini, L. A. Fusco, T. Gal, S. Galatà, F. Garufi, P. Gay, M. Gebyehu, F. Giacomini, L. Gialanella, V. Giordano, N. Gizani, R. Gracia, K. Graf, T. Grégoire, G. Grella, A. Grmek, M. Guerzoni, R. Habel, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, S. Harissopulos, T. Heid, A. Heijboer, E. Heine, S. Henry, J. J. Hernández-Rey, M. Hevinga, J. Hofestädt, C. M. F. Hugon, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, P. Jansweijerf, M. Jongen, M. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, A. Kappes, U. F. Katz, P. Keller, G. Kieft, D. Kießling, E. N. Koffeman, P. Kooijman, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Larosa, A. Leisos, F. Leone, E. Leonora, M. Lindsey Clark, A. Liolios, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, D. Lo Presti, H. Löhner, A. Lonardo, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, E. Maccioni, K. Mannheim, M. Manzali, A. Margiotta, A. Margotti, A. Marinelli, O. Maris, C. Markou, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, F. Marzaioli, R. Mele, K. W. Melis, T. Michael, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, A. Miraglia, C. M. Mollo, M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, A. Moussa, P. Musico, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, C. A. Nicolau, I. Olcina, C. Olivetto, A. Orlando, A. Orzelli, G. Pancaldi, A. Papaikonomou, R. Papaleo, G. E. Păvălas, H. Peek, G. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, C. Perrina, M. Pfutzner, P. Piattelli, K. Pikounis, M.-O. Pleinert, G. E. Poma, V. Popa, T. Pradier, F. Pratolongo, G. Pühlhofer, S. Pulvirenti, L. Quinn, C. Racca, F. Raffaelli, N. Randazzo, T. Rauch, D. Real, L. Resvanis, J. Reubelt, G. Riccobene, C. Rossi, A. Rovelli, M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez García, A. Sánchez Losa, M. Sanguineti, A. Santangelo, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, F. Schimmel, J. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, V. Sciacca, M. Sedita, T. Seitz, I. Sgura, F. Simeone, V. Sipala, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, G. Stavropoulos, J. Steijger, S. M. Stellacci, D. Stransky, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, F. Terrasi, D. Tézier, S. Theraube, P. Timmer, C. Tönnis, L. Trasatti, R. Travaglini, A. Trovato, A. Tsirigotis, S. Tzamarias, E. Tzamariudaki, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, J. Vermeulen, F. Versari, P. Vicini, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, M. Volkert, L. Wiggers, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, K. Zachariadou, S. Zani, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga

Subjects
Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Studying atmospheric neutrino oscillations in the few-GeV range with a multi-megaton detector promises to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. This is the main science goal pursued by the future KM3NeT/ORCA water Cherenkov detector in the Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, the processes that limit the obtainable resolution in both energy and direction in charged-current neutrino events in the ORCA detector are investigated. These processes include the composition of the hadronic fragmentation products, the subsequent particle propagation and the photon-sampling fraction of the detector. GEANT simulations of neutrino interactions in seawater produced by GENIE are used to study the effects in the 1-20 GeV range. It is found that fluctuations in the hadronic cascade in conjunction with the variation of the inelasticity y are most detrimental to the resolutions. The effect of limited photon sampling in the detector is of significantly less importance. These results will therefore also be applicable to similar detectors/media, such as those in ice.

Published
2017
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10. Performance of neutron-irradiated 4H-Silicon Carbide diodes subjected to Alpha radiation

Author

P. Gaggl, A. Gsponer, R. Thalmeier, S. Waid, G. Pellegrini, P. Godignon, J.M. Rafí, and T. Bergauer

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The unique electrical and material properties of 4H-silicon-carbide (4H-SiC) make it a promising candidate material for high rate particle detectors. In contrast to the ubiquitously used silicon (Si), 4H-SiC offers a higher carrier saturation velocity and larger breakdown voltage, enabling a high intrinsic time resolution and mitigating pile-up effects. Additionally, as radiation hardness requirements grow more demanding, wide-bandgap materials such as 4H-SiC could offer better performance. In this work, the detector performance of 50 micron thick 4H-SiC p-in-n planar pad sensors was investigated at room temperature, using an 241Am alpha source at reverse biases of up to 1100 V. Samples subjected to neutron irradiation with fluences of up to 1e16/cm^2 were included in the study in order to quantify the radiation hardness properties of 4H-SiC. The obtained results are compared to previously performed UV-TCT studies. Samples exhibit a drop in charge collection efficiency (CCE) with increasing irradiation fluence, partially compensated at high reverse bias voltages far above full depletion voltage. A plateau of the collected charges is observed in accordance with the depletion of the volume the alpha particles penetrate for an unirradiated reference detector. For the neutron-irradiated samples, such a plateau only becomes apparent at higher reverse bias. For the highest investigated fluence, CCE behaves almost linearly with increasing reverse bias. Compared to UV-TCT measurements, the reverse bias required to deplete a sensitive volume covering full energy deposition is lower, due to the small penetration depth of the alpha particles. At the highest reverse bias, the measured CCE values agree well with earlier UV-TCT studies, with discrepancies between 1% and 5%., 10 pages (8 without references), 6 figures, 1 table, to be published in the Proceedings Section of Journal of Instrumentation (JINST) as a proceeding of iWoRiD2022

Published
2022

12. Adding palm oil to the diet of sheep alters fatty acids profile on yogurt: Benefits to consumers

Author

ANDERSON E. BIANCHI, ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA, ANGELISA H. BIAZUS, NEILA S.P.S. RICHARDS, LUIS G. PELLEGRINI, MATHEUS D. BALDISSERA, VICENTE P. MACEDO, and ANDRÉ L.F. DA SILVEIRA

Subjects
fatty acids, palm oil, sheep, yogurt, Science
Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to modify the fatty acid profile of yogurt from sheep milk by the inclusion of different concentrations of palm oil into their diet. Thus, thirty-six sheep during lactation were separated in four groups with nine animals each, as described below: the group T0 (0%); the group T2 (inclusion of 2% of palm oil); the group T4 (inclusion of 4% of palm oil) and the group T6 (inclusion of 6% of palm oil). After 60 days of the supplementation, milk samples were collected and yogurt was produced, which was evaluated regarding the concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA). A significant reduction (p

Published
2017
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13. Monolithic Integration of Graphene in SiC Radiation Sensors for Harsh-Environment Applications

Author

Sofía Otero Ugobono, J.M. Rafi, Philippe Godignon, G. Pellegrini, Gemma Rius, M.C. Jiménez Ramos, J. García López, A. García Osuna, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España, and European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)

Subjects
Radiation hardness, Epitaxial graphene, Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, Resistivity, General Materials Science, Detectors, CTLM, Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract

Due to their low leakage current, low noise levels, high thermal conductivity, and potential radiation hardness, SiC devices offer various advantages over Si devices in certain applications. As a result, they are being considered for operation in harsh environments, such as plasma diagnostic systems in future nuclear fusion reactors or in high energy physics applications. We report on relevant results of the GRACE project, which seeks to deliver a new generation of SiC sensors with graphene-enhanced contacts. Such devices are aimed to be radiation-hard and functional at high temperatures. The work presented in this paper focuses on the optimisation of the electrical contacts, along with the electrical characterisation and radiation-tolerance assessment of the first sensor prototypes produced., This work was supported by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. RTC-2017-6369-3.

Published
2022

14. Temporal diversity patterns of benthic insects in subterranean streams: a case study in Brazilian quartzite caves

Author

L. D. B. Faria, T. G. Pellegrini, and Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Homogenization (climate), STREAMS, respiratory system, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, β diversity, Temporal diversity, Species pool, Cave, Benthic zone, Predictability, human activities
Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate the diversity patterns of benthic insects and functional feeding groups by assessing the contribution of α and β diversity components over 1 year. Temporal diversity variation as a function of the diversity components and regional rainfall in subterranean streams was also verified. Diversity components varied significantly at different spatial scales. In general, α diversity tended to be smaller and less varied temporally than the β diversity components. In addition, we detected a higher contribution of β2, indicating the importance of the regional species pool. Finally, for all significant models relating diversity values with rainfall, the relationship was negative. Intense flows leached organisms, leading to homogenization of communities. On the other hand, despite this negative effect, each functional feeding group responds differently to the hydrological stress, which makes it difficult to develop community predictability models after a disturbance.

Published
2020

16. Investigation of the time resolution of 3D silicon sensors

Author

L. Diehl, O. Ferrer, M. Hauser, K. Jakobs, M. King, G. Kramberger, N. Moffat, U. Parzefall, G. Pellegrini, and D. Sperlich

Subjects
Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

Collider experiments as the upcoming Phase II-LHC or the future circular collider (FCC) will increase the demands on tracking detectors. In the FCC hadron collider, sensors will not only face fluences up to 1 × 1017 neq/cm2, but also high pile-up scenarios. Therefore, sensors will be required not only to have a good spatial resolution and a very high radiation hardness, but also an excellent time resolution of the order of 5 ps. Currently, Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are one of the main candidates when it comes to timing, achieving a resolution well below 30 ps. However, their radiation hardness is not sufficient for future colliders. 3D sensors are an interesting alternative due to their superior radiation hardness. In 3D sensors, which already have been thoroughly investigated for tracking purposes, the drift distances are short, the depletion voltage is very low and the electric field can be very high, thus the signals are fast and short. In this study, the time resolution of different 3D sensors was investigated with signals generated by MIP-like electrons, as well as by measurements using a laser with an infrared wavelength. It is shown that 3D pixel sensors can achieve time resolutions competitive with those of LGADs. Additionally, Transient Current Technique (TCT) timing measurements have been conducted. These allow to study the position dependence of the time resolution, which is interesting for 3D sensors due to their complex electric field structure. The measurements prove the direct correlation between the time resolution and the electric field configuration. Furthermore, the performance of the sensors is demonstrated before and after irradiation with reactor neutrons.

Published
2022

17. Distribution of TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor phenotype and haplotypes among COVID-19 patients

Author

D, Risso, D, Carmagnola, G, Morini, G, Pellegrini, E, Canciani, M, Antinucci, D, Henin, and C, Dellavia

Subjects
Phenotype, Genotype, Haplotypes, SARS-CoV-2, Taste, COVID-19, Humans, Taste Perception, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Abstract

Bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 is expressed in the respiratory tract and can respond to quorum-sensing molecules produced by pathogens, stimulating the release of nitric oxide, with biocidal activity. TAS2R38 presents two main high-frequency haplotypes: the "taster" PAV and the "non-taster" AVI. Individuals carrying the AVI allele could be at greater risk of infections, including SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of PAV and AVI alleles in COVID-19 patients with severe or non-severe symptoms compared to healthy subjects to further corroborate, or not, the hypothesis that the PAV allele may act as a protecting factor towards SARS-CoV-2 infection while the AVI one may represent a risk factor. After careful selection, 54 individuals were included in the study and underwent genetic analysis and PROP phenotype assessment. Our investigation could not point out at a significant relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for PROP bitterness and presence/severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as previous studies suggested. Our results uncouple the direct genetic contribution of rs10246939, rs1726866 and rs713598 on COVID-19, calling for caution when proposing a treatment based on TAS2R38 phenotypes.

Published
2021

18. Embedded software developments in KM3NeT phase I

Author

V. van Beveren, D. Real, T. Chiarusi, D. Calvo, S. Mastroianni, P. Musico, G. Pellegrini, P. Jansweijer, S. Colonges, C. Bozza, F. Filippini, C. Nicolau, A. Díaz, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), KM3NeT, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, data acquisition, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, programming, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Computer Science::Hardware Architecture, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 14. Life underwater, Neutrino detectors, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, KM3NeT, Mathematical Physics, FPGA, logic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Software Engineering, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), electronics: readout
Abstract

The KM3NeT Collaboration has already produced more than one thousand acquisition boards, used for building two deep-sea neutrino detectors at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, with the aim of instrumenting a volume of several cubic kilometers with light sensors to detect the Cherenkov radiation produced in neutrino interactions. The the so-called Digital Optical Modules, house the PMTs and the acquisition and control electronics of the module, the Central Logic Board, which includes a Xilinx FPGA and embedded soft processor. The present work presents the architecture and functionalities of the software embedded in the soft processor of the Central Logic Board., 5 pages (5 excluding references), 1 figure. VLVnT2021 proceeding contribution

Published
2021

19. Neutrino non-standard interactions with theKM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

Maarten De Jong, Ad van den Berg, Nick Lumb, A. Creusot, Gennaro Miele, Giorgio Riccobene, Lucio Gialanella, Nunzio Randazzo, Giuseppe Levi, F. Filippini, Frits van der Knaap, Steven Tingay, Domenico Santonocito, Alba Domi, D. Calvo, Clara Gatius Oliver, Piera Sapienza, Evelyne Garcon, V. Popa, Steffen Hallmann, Tommaso Chiarusi, Paolo Piattelli, J. Brunner, R. Coniglione, Silvia Celli, A. Sinopoulou, Gerd Puehlhofer, Richard Dallier, S. Biagi, Daan van Eijk, Emanuele Leonora, J.D. Zornoza, Manuel Bou Cabo, Fabio Longhitano, Sandra Zavatarelli, Alessandro Lonardo, D. Gajanana, Jihad Boumaaza, Bianca De Martino, Nadja Lessing, Luis Salvador Miranda Palacios, Soebur Razzaque, Jutta Schnabel, Daniele Vivolo, Davit Janezashvili, M. Taiuti, Emmanuel Le Guirriec, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, Ankur Sharma, S. Reck, Matthias Bissinger, Horea Branzas, Thomas Eberl, Chiara Filomena Lastoria, Mohamed Chabab, Francesco Benfenati, S. Colonges, J.A. Martínez-Mora, Alexis Coleiro, Gilles Quemener, Hannes Thiersen, Bhuti Nkosi, Stefano Ottonello, R. Muller, Fabrizio Ameli, Sergio Alves Garre, Nhan Chau, Emilio Migneco, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Mario Musumeci, S. R. Gozzini, Bouke Jisse Jung, Alfonso Lazo, Thierry Pradier, Emidio Giorgio, D. Guderian, Piotr Mijakowski, Tarik Yousfi, Massimiliano Cresta, V. Carretero, S. Henry, Kay Graf, Karel Melis, P. Keller, Piotr Kalaczyński, A. D'Amico, Gregory Lehaut, A. Cosquer, Giovanna Ferrara, Angelo Orlando, Carmelo Pellegrino, F. Garufi, Jhilik Majumdar, Salva Ardid, Christos Markou, C. Champion, Sergio Navas Concha, C. Pieterse, Mathieu Lamoureux, C. W. James, Ornella Leonardi, Marta Colomer Molla, E. Berbee, R. Bruijn, R. Wojaczyński, Andrey Romanov, Giuseppina Larosa, Riccardo Papaleo, Anvil Cruz, L. Maderer, G. Androulakis, R. Gracia, Mauro De Palma, V. Chiarella, H. M. Schutte, Jean-Paul Fransen, Uli Katz, Luigi Antonio Fusco, Jose Busto, T. Gal, C. Distefano, Manuel Doerr, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Hekalo, Christophe Lerouvillois, M.C. Bouwhuis, P. Timmer, J. Schmelling, T. Thakore, Imad El Bojaddaini, J. Zúñiga, M. Bouta, A. Martini, Jannik Hofestaedt, Markus Boettcher, Mancia Anguita, Lukas Hennig, H. Hamdaoui, Annarita Margiotta, Louis-Marie Rigalleau, Aurelien Marini, D. Tézier, Alice Paun, Pasquale Migliozzi, Joern Wilms, Els de Wolf, Dídac Diego-Tortosa, A. W. Chen, Jerome Laurence, Antoine Kouchner, Walid Idrissi Ibnsalih, Barbara Caiffi, Daniel Lopez Coto, Alexander Enzenhoefer, A. Zegarelli, G. Pellegrini, Ofelia Pisanti, Oleg Kalekin, Fabio Pratolongo, Nafis Rezwan Khan-Chowdhury, Michel André, Philippe Lagier, Salvatore Viola, Sébastien Le Stum, Juan Garcia Mendez, Mitchell O'Sullivan, Michael Kreter, Antonio Ambrosone, M. Anghinolfi, Rémy Le Breton, Antonio Rapicavoli, Raffaele Buompane, Irene Sgura, Vladimir Kulikovskiy, G. Vasileiadis, Antonio F. Díaz, J. Manczak, D. Elsaesser, M. Ardid, Antonio Marinelli, E. Buis, Giuseppe Grella, C. Boutonnet, Juan Paris P. Gonzalez, Sebastiano Aiello, Thomas Lipreau, Isabella Probst, Nicole Geisselbrecht, S. Theraube, Km NeT, M. D. Filipovic, G.E. Păvălaş, Corinne Donzaud, Riccardo Bruno, Maitha Alshamsi, D. Stavropoulos, Vincent van Beveren, Veronique Van Elewyck, Abdelilah Moussa, B. O'Fearraigh, Paolo Musico, Francesca Tatone, Francisco Salesa Greus, Doriane Drouhin, G. Papalashvili, Frank Kayzel, Ahmed Eddyamoui, Bernardino Spisso, C. Guidi, Jerome Royon, Hervé Carduner, Matthias Kadler, Gisela Anton, Thijs van Eeden, Rosanna Cocimano, Paul de Jong, Marco Circella, Suzan Basegmez du Pree, Gilles Bouvet, Joao Coelho, E. Tenllado, Giulia Illuminati, M. Mongelli, L. Nauta, E. Tzamariudaki, D. Tzanetatos, Giorgi Kistauri, Peter Jansweijer, Cristiano Bozza, Victor Espinosa Rosello, Robert Lahmann, P. Coyle, C. Pastore, Paolo Castaldi, Lilian Martin, Giacomo Ottonello, Giacomo Cuttone, Carlos LLorens Alvarez, Rezo Shanidze, Matteo Sanguineti, Stavroula Tsagkli, Julien Aublin, Diego Real, Roberto Cereseto, Alberto Rovelli, Fabio Marzaioli, Antonio Capone, Maurizio Spurio, F. Huang, A.J. Heijboer, Arnauld Albert, Zineb Aly, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Seneca, Carlo Alessandro Nicolau, Hassnae Eljarrari, William Assal, Massimiliano Lincetto, V. Bertin, Martin Friedrich Schneider, L. Caillat, Valentin Pestel, Miguel Gutiérrez, C. Poirè, Patrick Lamare, Daniele Zito, Hans van Haren, Irene Di Palma, S. M. Stellacci, Stefano Mastroianni, Marc Labalme, Agustin Sanchez Losa, Andrea Santangelo, Bruny Baret, M. Ageron, Stefano Campion, Damien Dornic, Jos Steijger, Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto, Julia Haefner, Miles Lindsey Clark, S. Beurthey, M. Bendahman, C. Bagatelas, M. Billault, P.M. Kooijman, J.J. Hernández-Rey, Silvio Cherubini, Paolo Fermani, J. Schumann, Francesco Leone, Sara Pulvirenti, Vasileios Tsourapis, Benoit Guillon, Yahya Tayalati, Jean Lesrel, Natalia Zywucka, Claudia Valieri, Federico Versari, and Alin Ilioni

Subjects
Physics, Dense array, Particle physics, KM3NeT, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Phase (waves), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Sensitivity (control systems), Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

KM3NeT/ORCA is a dense array that constitutes the low-energy branch of the KM3NeT project with the main goal of resolving the question of the neutrino mass ordering. At present, the KM3NeT/ORCA Phase 1 has already been deployed, which means that six out of the planned 115 detection lines are operational. Even with this limited configuration, neutrino oscillations can already be measured and studied. In this contribution, the sensitivity to the neutrino Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) parameter $\epsilon_{\mu \tau}$ using the current stage of the KM3NeT/ORCA detector together with the projections for the final configuration are presented.

Published
2021

20. The OctoPAES board for the validation of KM3NeT data acquisition system

Author

L. Degli Esposti, V. van Beveren, G. Balbi, D. Calvo, F. Benfenati, F. Filippini, G. Pellegrini, Tommaso Chiarusi, and Diego Real

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Computer science, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Complex programmable logic device, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Set (abstract data type), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Data acquisition, Calibration, Key (cryptography), Use case, Underwater, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Computer hardware
Abstract

A testbench has been set up at the INFN Sezione di Bologna to optimise key elements of the KM3NeT data acquisition system. A complete framework has been built to simulate a full detection unit and test the optical network, time synchronisation, and on-shore computing resources. A fundamental tool in the test-setup is a customized electronic board: “the OctoPAES”. Based on an Altera MAX10 CPLD, it is designed to emulate in a realistic way the optical and acoustic signals recorded by the underwater detectors. This allows us to test, in extreme conditions, the acquisition system and validate its performance with realistic data. If properly configured, the optical data provided by the OctoPAES can be combined to emulate the signals of a through-going muon or other calibration events. In this contribution the OctoPAES boards and some of their use cases at the testbench are presented.

Published
2021

21. Real-time Multi-Messenger Analysis Framework of KM3NeT

Author

Salva Ardid, Martin Friedrich Schneider, Louis-Marie Rigalleau, Richard Dallier, Bianca De Martino, Uli Katz, Imad El Bojaddaini, M. Bouta, L. Caillat, Nadja Lessing, Walid Idrissi Ibnsalih, Lukas Hennig, Annarita Margiotta, Thijs van Eeden, Paolo Fermani, Miguel Gutiérrez, Jutta Schnabel, Jean-Paul Fransen, S. Reck, Riccardo Bruno, T. Gal, C. Distefano, Manuel Doerr, Tommaso Chiarusi, P. Coyle, Giacomo Cuttone, Carlos LLorens Alvarez, A. Martini, S. Colonges, Jannik Hofestaedt, Daniele Vivolo, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Hekalo, J. Seneca, C. Poirè, Maarten De Jong, Ad van den Berg, G. Vannoye, Michel André, Sara Pulvirenti, Soebur Razzaque, G. Papalashvili, Stefano Ottonello, Ahmed Eddyamoui, Matthias Bissinger, Hassnae Eljarrari, William Assal, Tarik Yousfi, Nick Lumb, A. Creusot, Daan van Eijk, Davit Janezashvili, M. Taiuti, Emmanuel Le Guirriec, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, Massimiliano Lincetto, Frank Kayzel, D. Stavropoulos, Vincent van Beveren, Piera Sapienza, R. Muller, S. R. Gozzini, Bouke Jisse Jung, Bernardino Spisso, C. Guidi, Aurelien Marini, Giovanna Ferrara, Angelo Orlando, Isabella Probst, S. Theraube, V. Chiarella, P. Timmer, J. Schmelling, C. Champion, Vasileios Tsourapis, Stefano Campion, Damien Dornic, Jos Steijger, S. Beurthey, Maitha Alshamsi, Hans van Haren, Gennaro Miele, Gregory Lehaut, Irene Di Palma, Jhilik Majumdar, Veronique Van Elewyck, Abdelilah Moussa, Paolo Musico, Francesca Tatone, Doriane Drouhin, Thierry Pradier, Marco Circella, M. Mongelli, L. Nauta, J. Brunner, M. Bendahman, C. Bagatelas, Matteo Sanguineti, M. D. Filipovic, G.E. Păvălaş, Francisco Salesa Greus, Julia Haefner, Andrea Santangelo, Jose Busto, Miles Lindsey Clark, Rémy Le Breton, M. Billault, Silvia Celli, Massimiliano Cresta, V. Carretero, P.M. Kooijman, B. O'Fearraigh, Carmelo Pellegrino, F. Garufi, Benoit Guillon, Manuel Bou Cabo, Fabio Longhitano, R. Coniglione, Alba Domi, D. Calvo, Clara Gatius Oliver, Raffaele Buompane, Irene Sgura, Antonio F. Díaz, Hervé Carduner, Gisela Anton, Dídac Diego-Tortosa, Natalia Zywucka, Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto, Claudia Valieri, Luis Salvador Miranda Palacios, Bhuti Nkosi, Patrick Lamare, Daniele Zito, T. Thakore, J. Zúñiga, Evelyne Garcon, V. Popa, J.D. Zornoza, Ornella Leonardi, Marta Colomer Molla, E. Berbee, Federico Versari, Horea Branzas, Oleg Kalekin, Fabio Pratolongo, Juan Garcia Mendez, D. Gajanana, L. Maderer, H. M. Schutte, J.A. Martínez-Mora, Alexis Coleiro, Jean Lesrel, Thomas Eberl, Fabrizio Ameli, Nhan Chau, Mancia Anguita, Jihad Boumaaza, Steffen Hallmann, Nafis Rezwan Khan Chowdhury, E. Tzamariudaki, Emidio Giorgio, Daniel Lopez Coto, Yahya Tayalati, Giorgio Riccobene, Gilles Quemener, Philippe Lagier, Anvil Cruz, Km NeT, Christos Markou, S. Biagi, Lucio Gialanella, Nunzio Randazzo, Alessandro Lonardo, Giuseppe Levi, Corinne Donzaud, F. Filippini, Frits van der Knaap, C. Boutonnet, Steven Tingay, C. Pieterse, Mathieu Lamoureux, Juan Paris P. Gonzalez, Zineb Aly, Markus Boettcher, Michael Kreter, C. W. James, Domenico Santonocito, D. Guderian, M. Anghinolfi, M.C. Bouwhuis, R. Bruijn, Juan José Hernández-Rey, Antonio Rapicavoli, M. Perrin-Terrin, Piotr Kalaczyński, Alfonso Lazo, Antonio Marinelli, Kay Graf, Karel Melis, Alice Paun, Emanuele Leonora, R. Wojaczyński, Chiara Filomena Lastoria, Mohamed Chabab, R. Gracia, Carlo Alessandro Nicolau, A. Cosquer, Piotr Mijakowski, Christophe Lerouvillois, Sébastien Le Stum, Stavroula Tsagkli, Riccardo Papaleo, Antoine Kouchner, G. Vasileiadis, G. Androulakis, Ankur Sharma, Andrey Romanov, Julien Aublin, A. Zegarelli, Sergio Alves Garre, Emilio Migneco, Giuseppina Larosa, Mauro De Palma, Jerome Royon, Salvatore Viola, Matthias Kadler, Paul de Jong, Suzan Basegmez du Pree, Gilles Bouvet, Joao Coelho, E. Tenllado, Mitchell O'Sullivan, Luigi Antonio Fusco, Diego Real, Giulia Illuminati, A. W. Chen, Roberto Cereseto, Giacomo Ottonello, Fabio Marzaioli, Rezo Shanidze, Alberto Rovelli, S. M. Stellacci, Arnauld Albert, Stefano Mastroianni, Marc Labalme, P. Keller, Rosanna Cocimano, Antonio Capone, Pasquale Migliozzi, Joern Wilms, Peter Jansweijer, Maurizio Spurio, F. Huang, Victor Espinosa Rosello, A.J. Heijboer, C. Pastore, Antonio Ambrosone, Ofelia Pisanti, D. Tzanetatos, Giorgi Kistauri, Cristiano Bozza, Paolo Piattelli, A. Sinopoulou, Gerd Puehlhofer, M. Ardid, Sandra Zavatarelli, Nicole Geisselbrecht, H. Hamdaoui, Barbara Caiffi, G. Pellegrini, Francesco Benfenati, Hannes Thiersen, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Mario Musumeci, S. Henry, A. D'Amico, Robert Lahmann, Paolo Castaldi, Lilian Martin, Valentin Pestel, Agustin Sanchez Losa, Alin Ilioni, Bruny Baret, M. Ageron, Silvio Cherubini, J. Schumann, Francesco Leone, Vladimir Kulikovskiy, J. Manczak, D. Elsaesser, E. Buis, Giuseppe Grella, Sebastiano Aiello, Thomas Lipreau, Els de Wolf, S. Sánchez Navas, Jerome Laurence, Alexander Enzenhoefer, D. Tézier, V. Bertin, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), KM3NeT, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Bianca Keilhauer, Alexander Kappes, Assal, W., Dornic, D., Huang, F., Le Guirriec, E., Lincetto, M., Vannoye, G., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Alshamsi, M., Alves Garre, S., Aly, Z., Ambrosone, A., Ameli, F., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anguita, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Aublin, J., Bagatelas, C., Baret, B., Basegmez du Pree, S., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A. M., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Biagi, S., Billault, M., Bissinger, M., Boettcher, M., Bou Cabo, M., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Boutonnet, C., Bouvet, G., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Branzas, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Bruno, R., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Caillat, L., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Carduner, H., Carretero, V., Castaldi, P., Celli, S., Cereseto, R., Chabab, M., Champion, C., Chau, N., Chen, A., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colomer Molla, M., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Cresta, M., Creusot, A., Cruz, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amico, A., Dallier, R., De Martino, B., De Palma, M., Di Palma, I., Diaz, A. F., Diego-Tortosa, D., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dorr, M., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Eddyamoui, A., van Eeden, T., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Eljarrari, H., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Espinosa, V., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filipovic, M. D., Filippini, F., Fransen, J., Fusco, L. A., Gajanana, D., Gal, T., Garcia Mendez, J., Garcia Soto, A., Garcon, E., Garufi, F., Gatius, C., Geisselbrecht, N., Gialanella, L., Giorgio, E., Gozzini, S. R., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grella, G., Guderian, D., Guidi, C., Guillon, B., Gutierrez, M., Haefner, J., Hallmann, S., Hamdaoui, H., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hennig, L., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hofestadt, J., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Ilioni, A., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Janezashvili, D., Jansweijer, P., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jung, B. J., Kadler, M., Kalaczynski, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U. F., Kayzel, F., Keller, P., Khan Chowdhury, N. R., Kistauri, G., van der Knaap, F., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Labalme, M., Lagier, P., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Lamoureux, M., Larosa, G., Lastoria, C., Laurence, J., Lazo, A., Le Breton, R., Le Stum, S., Lehaut, G., Leonardi, O., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Lerouvillois, C., Lesrel, J., Lessing, N., Levi, G., Lindsey Clark, M., Lipreau, T., LLorens Alvarez, C., Lonardo, A., Longhitano, F., Lopez-Coto, D., Lumb, N., Maderer, L., Majumdar, J., Manczak, J., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Marini, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mastroianni, S., Melis, K. W., Miele, G., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miranda, L. S., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Nkosi, B., Fearraigh, B. O., O'Sullivan, M., Orlando, A., Ottonello, G., Ottonello, S., Palacios Gonzalez, J., Papalashvili, G., Papaleo, R., Pastore, C., Paun, A. M., Pavalas, G. E., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Pestel, V., Piattelli, P., Pieterse, C., Pisanti, O., Poire, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Probst, I., Puhlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quemener, G., Randazzo, N., Rapicavoli, A., Razzaque, S., Real, D., Reck, S., Riccobene, G., Rigalleau, L., Romanov, A., Rovelli, A., Royon, J., Salesa Greus, F., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanchez Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Schneider, M. F., Schumann, J., Schutte, H. M., Seneca, J., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Sinopoulou, A., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Taiuti, M., Tatone, F., Tayalati, Y., Tenllado, E., Tezier, D., Thakore, T., Theraube, S., Thiersen, H., Timmer, P., Tingay, S., Tsagkli, S., Tsourapis, V., Tzamariudaki, E., Tzanetatos, D., Valieri, C., Van Elewyck, V., Vasileiadis, G., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., de Wasseige, G., Wilms, J., Wojaczynski, R., de Wolf, E., Yousfi, T., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zito, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zuniga, J., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
data analysis method, accelerator, Computer science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Real-time computing, FOS: Physical sciences, GeV, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 03 medical and health sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), talk: online 2021/18/05, neutrino, 0302 clinical medicine, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, optical, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], neutrino: supernova, 14. Life underwater, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, KM3NeT, Mathematical Physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, gravitational radiation, Astronomy, trigger, oscillation, observatory, monitoring, electromagnetic, neutrino: oscillation, proposed experiment, on-line
Abstract

KM3NeT is a multi-purpose cubic-kilometer neutrino observatory under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of ORCA and ARCA (for Oscillation and Astroparticle Research with Cosmics in the Abyss, respectively), currently both have a few detection lines in operation. Although having different primary goals, both detectors can be used for neutrino astronomy over a wide energy range, from a few tens of MeVs to a few tens of PeV. In view of the growing field of time-domain astronomy, it is crucial to be able to identify neutrino candidates in real-time. This online neutrino sample will allow triggered neutrino alerts that will be sent to the astronomy community and to look for time/space coincidences around external electromagnetic and multi-messenger triggers. These real-time searches can significantly increase the discovery potential of transient cosmic accelerators and refine the pointing directions in the case of poorly localized triggers, such as gravitational waves. In the field of core-collapse supernovae (CCSN), the detection of the MeV-scale CCSN neutrinos is crucial as an early warning of the electromagnetic follow-up. KM3NeT's digital optical modules act as good detectors for these supernovae neutrinos. This proceeding presents the status of KM3NeT's real-time multi-messenger activities, including online event reconstruction, event classification and selection, alert distribution, and supernova monitoring., 6 pages, 6 figures, VLVNT2021 conference proceedings

Published
2021

22. KM3NeT Acquisition Electronics: New Developments and Advances in Reliability

Author

Daniela Calvo, V. van Beveren, Paolo Musico, S. Colonges, Antonio F. Díaz, G. Pellegrini, Diego Real, P. Jansweijer, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
logic, Engineering, photomultiplier, business.industry, tube, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, buildings, Reliability engineering, observatory, efficiency, optical, readout, sphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 14. Life underwater, Electronics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business, KM3NeT, Reliability (statistics), glass
Abstract

International audience; The KM3NeT Collaboration is currently building a neutrino observatory at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. The telescopes are equipped with thousands of Digital Optical Modules hosted in glass spheres, instrumenting a volume of several cubic kilometers. The acquisitionelectronics is housed inside the glass sphere performing the readout of the 31 Photo Multiplier Tubes of the Digital Optical Module. This work presents the latest developments in the acquisition electronics including the increase in efficiency on the Power Board, the new developments on the Central Logic Board and the different reliability methods used in KM3NeT to make the acquisition electronics more reliable.

Published
2021

23. Relación entre tamaño de partículas en heces de equinos y calidad nutricional del forraje consumido

Author

Maria Victoria Topayan, Nora Nidia Abbiati, María Silvia Borlandelli, Sergio Paz, and Ariel G. Pellegrini

Subjects
Physics, Animal science, Aerospace Engineering, Nutritional quality
Abstract

En la produccion y salud de caballos, la nutricion es critica; los equinos son herbivoros no rumiantes y conocer la calidad de los forrajes que pastorean, resulta primordial para la valoracion nutricional. Nos propusimos evaluar la proporcion de tamanos de particulas de heces frescas de equinos que pastoreaban distintos tipos de forrajes. Utilizamos el instrumento comercial Nasco Digestion Analyzer para lavar las muestras de heces frescas y pasarlas por una estructura de 3 tamices de acero inoxidable con diametro de poro decreciente, siendo: A:> 4,8 mm; B: 4,8-3,2 mm; C: 3,2-1,6 mm y D:< 1,6 mm, el remanente que escapa. Se obtuvieron 31 muestras de heces frescas de yeguas adultas de raza Sangre Pura de Carrera. Los tratamientos fueron: 1.Dieta Pp (n:9) pastura consociada; 2.Dieta Ss (n:8) verdeo de soja; 3.Dieta Mn (n:7) verdeo de maiz y 4.Dieta Aa (n:7) verdeo de avena. Las muestras de forrajes fueron analizadas para materia seca (MSf), digestibilidad in vitro (DIG), fibra en detergente neutro (FDN) y fibra en detergente acido (FDA). Nuestros resultados evidenciaron que las proporciones acumuladas por tamano de particulas del material de heces frescas, son diferentes segun el tipo de dieta (p

Published
2018

24. Cascading processes of the Vaia storm in the italian Rio Cordon mountain catchment

Author

Luca Mao, G. Pellegrini, Riccardo Rainato, Lorenzo Martini, and Lorenzo Picco

Subjects
Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Drainage basin, Environmental science, Storm
Abstract

Mountain basins can be affected by Large Infrequent Disturbances (LIDs) that have the power of changing their forest cover and morphological settings, and supplying high amounts of sediments to river networks. The resulting cascading processes are often underestimated although their understanding would improve river management strategies. The recent improvements in the field of sediment transport monitoring and analysis allow to gather a deeper understanding of these long-lasting and complex chains of processes, especially in mountain streams. This contribution aims at investigating the suspended sediment transport exhibited by two recent (summer-autumn 2020) over-bankfull (> 2.3 m3/s) flood events occurred in the Rio Cordon, an alpine basin (5 km2) strongly altered by the Vaia storm (October 2018). This LID blew down 139 trees along the main active channel that were removed by local forest operations after the event, leaving exposed banks and increasing the availability of fine sediment. Two water quality sondes were placed upstream and downstream the windthrow affected area (WAA) to monitor the Suspended Sediment Load (SSL) and quantify the contribution of the WAA in supplying sediments. Water discharge and suspended sediment transport were continuously measured by the two instrumentations, while water samples and direct discharge measurements (salt dilution method) were taken to derive rating curves and calibrate the turbidity meters. Results show that the early September 2020 event (Qmax=2.67 m3/s) produced a SSL = 39.27 t and a SSL increase of +5% between the downstream and upstream cross-section. To this, it was also registered a +44% variation of SS maximum concentration (SSC g/l) which can be ascribed to the contribution of the WWA. The event of October 2020 (Qmax=3.05 m3/s) instead, registered a SSL of 179.22 t and a SSL and SSCmax variation of +334% and +81%, respectively. The preliminary results suggest that the SS is not related to the water discharge but for this reason, further analysis and data collection will be made, also considering rainfall data. However, the ongoing monitoring of this area represents a suitable and promising approach for understanding the cascading processes on the SS dynamics in a mountain basin affected by a LID.

Published
2021

25. Architecture and performance of the KM3NeT front-end firmware

Author

Suzan Basegmez du Pree, Daan van Eijk, Silvia Celli, Francisco Salesa Greus, Fabrizio Raffaelli, Joao Coelho, E. Tenllado, M. Taiuti, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, S. Mazzou, Gisela Anton, Diego Real, S. Biagi, Antonio D'Onofrio, Giulia Illuminati, Alessandro Lonardo, E. Tzamariudaki, Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto, Uli Katz, Thijs van Eeden, David Muñoz Pérez, M. Morganti, Jörn Wilms, Thierry Pradier, S. Rivoire, P. Coyle, Imad El Bojaddaini, Zineb Aly, Giacomo Cuttone, M. Perrin-Terrin, Carlo Alessandro Nicolau, H. Brânzaş, Thomas Eberl, Dídac Diego-Tortosa, M. Bouta, K. Pikounis, Paolo Fermani, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Mario Musumeci, D. Stavropoulos, Vincent van Beveren, S. Colonges, Veronique Van Elewyck, Abdelilah Moussa, Paolo Musico, Tommaso Chiarusi, Miles Lindsey Clark, P.M. Kooijman, R. Muller, S. M. Stellacci, Emanuele Leonora, S. R. Gozzini, M. Ardid, Jose Busto, Bouke Jisse Jung, Michael Kreter, M. Anghinolfi, A. Martini, N. Geißelbrecht, Annarita Margiotta, A. D'Amico, Dario Grasso, T. Thakore, Sara Pulvirenti, Jean Lesrel, Stefano Mastroianni, A. W. Chen, Doriane Drouhin, H. Hamdaoui, Mohamed Chabab, Jutta Schnabel, Giovanna Ferrara, J.J. Hernández-Rey, Jürgen Brunner, Rémy Le Breton, Raffaele Buompane, Damien Dornic, Angelo Orlando, Jos Steijger, Rosanna Cocimano, Irene Sgura, Antonio F. Díaz, Andrea Biagioni, S. Reck, Corinne Donzaud, Barbara Caiffi, Piotr Mijakowski, G. Pellegrini, Michel André, Alin Ilioni, Francesco Simeone, Fabio Marzaioli, Giancarlo Barbarino, M. Richer, Paolo Piattelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. Bendahman, C. Bagatelas, Sandra Zavatarelli, Juan Paris P. Gonzalez, R. Wojaczyński, R. Bruijn, Arnauld Albert, Riccardo Papaleo, Julien Aublin, M. Dörr, G. Androulakis, R. Coniglione, T. Gal, R. Gracia, C. Distefano, Antoine Kouchner, Ofelia Pisanti, Richard Dallier, Daniele Vivolo, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Hekalo, Mancia Anguita, Matthias Bissinger, A. Zegarelli, Robert Lahmann, J. Hofestädt, Paolo Castaldi, Lilian Martin, Bernardino Spisso, C. Guidi, Pasquale Migliozzi, Jihad Boumaaza, Mitchell O'Sullivan, L. Maderer, R. Donà, Y. Gatelet, Natalia Zywucka, O. Rabyang, Agustin Sanchez Losa, Els Koffeman, Federico Versari, A. Belias, Bruny Baret, Markus Boettcher, Rezo Shanidze, Silvio Cherubini, J. Schumann, Francesco Leone, D. Guderian, D. Tzanetatos, Giorgi Kistauri, Cristiano Bozza, Kay Graf, Karel Melis, Walid Idrissi Ibnsalih, Soebur Razzaque, Piera Sapienza, V. Chiarella, J. Schmelling, G. Pühlhofer, Fabio Longhitano, V. Carretero, Nhan Chau, Piotr Kalaczyński, Giuseppina Larosa, Mauro De Palma, G. Papalashvili, Karl Mannheim, D. Zaborov, Marco Circella, Ahmed Eddyamoui, L. Nauta, Victor Espinosa Rosell, Matteo Sanguineti, Christos Markou, Carmelo Pellegrino, F. Garufi, C. Pieterse, V. Bertin, C. W. James, Alice Paun, M. D. Filipovic, G.E. Păvălaş, C. Poirè, G. Vasileiadis, Daniele Zito, S. Viola, Ankur Sharma, Ornella Leonardi, Maarten De Jong, Marta Colomer Molla, E. Berbee, Sergio Alves Garre, Emilio Migneco, Imanol Corredoira, Ad van den Berg, Nafis Rezwan Khan Chowdhury, Oleg Kalekin, M. Organokov, B. Ó Fearraigh, A. Creusot, Antonio Marinelli, Gennaro Miele, Giorgio Riccobene, Lucio Gialanella, J.D. Zornoza, Nunzio Randazzo, Giuseppe Levi, F. Filippini, Frits van der Knaap, Steven Tingay, Domenico Santonocito, J. Seneca, Michael Moser, Alba Domi, D. Calvo, Massimiliano Lincetto, D. Lopez-Coto, V. Popa, Steffen Hallmann, Hans van Haren, Irene Di Palma, Andrea Santangelo, Yahya Tayalati, Matthias Kadler, Paul de Jong, Peter Jansweijer, C. Pastore, Luis Salvador Miranda Palacios, J. Zúñiga, J.A. Martínez-Mora, Alexis Coleiro, Fabrizio Ameli, Alberto Rovelli, Emidio Giorgio, Vladimir Kulikovskiy, Luigi Antonio Fusco, Antonio Capone, J. Manczak, D. Elsaesser, Maurizio Spurio, E. Buis, F. Huang, A.J. Heijboer, M.C. Bouwhuis, Giuseppe Grella, Sebastiano Aiello, Thomas Lipreau, Els de Wolf, S. Sánchez Navas, Alexander Enzenhoefer, O. Gabella, KM3NeT (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Aiello, Sebastiano, Albert, Arnauld, Garre, Sergio Alve, Aly, Zineb, Ameli, Fabrizio, Andre, Michel, Androulakis, Giorgo, Anghinolfi, Marco, Anguita, Mancia, Anton, Gisela, Ardid, Miquel, Aublin, Julien, Bagatelas, Christo, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Baret, Bruny, Basegmez du Pree, Suzan, Belias, Anastasio, Bendahman, Meriem, Berbee, Edward, van den Berg, Ad M., Bertin, Vincent, van Beveren, Vincent, Biagi, Simone, Biagioni, Andrea, Bissinger, Matthia, Boettcher, Marku, Boumaaza, Jihad, Bouta, Mohammed, Bouwhuis, Mieke, Bozza, Cristiano, Brânzaş, Horea, Bruijn, Ronald, Brunner, Jurgen, Buis, Ernst-Jan, Buompane, Raffaele, Busto, Jose, Caiffi, Barbara, Calvo, David, Capone, Antonio, Carretero, Victor, Castaldi, Paolo, Celli, Silvia, Chabab, Mohamed, Chau, Nhan, Chen, Andrew W., Cherubini, Silvio, Chiarella, Vitaliano, Chiarusi, Tommaso, Circella, Marco, Cocimano, Rosanna, Coelho, Joao A. B., Coleiro, Alexi, Molla, Marta C., Colonges, Stephane, Coniglione, Rosa, Corredoira, Imanol, Coyle, Paschal, Creusot, Alexandre, Cuttone, Giacomo, Amico, Antonio D’, D’Onofrio, Antonio, Dallier, Richard, De Palma, Mauro, Di Palma, Irene, Díaz, Antonio F., Diego-Tortosa, Didac, Distefano, Carla, Domi, Alba, Donà, Roberto, Donzaud, Corinne, Dornic, Damien, Dörr, Manuel, Drouhin, Doriane, Eberl, Thoma, Eddyamoui, Ahmed, van Eeden, Thij, van Eijk, Daan, El Bojaddaini, Imad, Elsaesser, Dominik, Enzenhoefer, Alexander, Rosell, Victor Espinosa, Fermani, Paolo, Ferrara, Giovanna, Filipović, Miroslav D., Filippini, Francesco, Fusco, Luigi A., Gabella, Omar, Gal, Tama, Soto, Alfonso Andres Garcia, Garufi, Fabio, Gatelet, Yoann, Geißelbrecht, Nicole, Gialanella, Lucio, Giorgio, Emidio, Gozzini, Sara R., Gracia, Rodrigo, Graf, Kay, Grasso, Dario, Grella, Giuseppe, Guderian, Daniel, Guidi, Carlo, Hallmann, Steffen, Hamdaoui, Hassane, van Haren, Han, Heijboer, Aart, Hekalo, Amar, Hernández-Rey, Juan J., Hofestädt, Jannik, Huang, Feifei, Ibnsalih, Walid Idrissi, Ilioni, Alin, Illuminati, Giulia, James, Clancy W., Jansweijer, Peter, de Jong, Maartin, de Jong, Paul, Jung, Bouke Jisse, Kadler, Matthia, Kalaczyński, Piotr, Kalekin, Oleg, Katz, Uli F., Khan Chowdhury, Nafis R., Kistauri, Giorgi, van der Knaap, Frit, Koffeman, Els N., Kooijman, Paul, Kouchner, Antoine, Kreter, Michael, Kulikovskiy, Vladimir, Lahmann, Robert, Larosa, Giuseppina, Le Breton, Remy, Leonardi, Ornella, Leone, Francesco, Leonora, Emanuele, Lesrel, Jean, Levi, Giuseppe, Lincetto, Massimiliano, Lindsey Clark, Mile, Lipreau, Thoma, Lonardo, Alessandro, Longhitano, Fabio, Lopez-Coto, Daniel, Maderer, Luka, Mańczak, Jerzy M., Mannheim, Karl, Margiotta, Annarita, Marinelli, Antonio, Markou, Christo, Martin, Lilian, Martínez-Mora, Juan A., Martini, Agnese, Marzaioli, Fabio, Mastroianni, Stefano, Mazzou, Safaa, Melis, Karel W., Miele, Gennaro, Migliozzi, Pasquale, Migneco, Emilio, Mijakowski, Piotr, Miranda Palacios, Luis S., Mollo, Carlos M., Morganti, Mauro, Moser, Michael, Moussa, Abdelilah, Muller, Rasa, Pérez, David Muñoz, Musico, Paolo, Musumeci, Mario, Nauta, Lodewijk, Navas, Sergio, Nicolau, Carlo A., Fearraigh, Brian Ó., O’Sullivan, Mitchell, Organokov, Mukharbek, Orlando, Angelo, González, Juan Palacio, Papalashvili, Gogita, Papaleo, Riccardo, Pastore, Cosimo, Păun, Alice M., Păvălaş, Gabriela E., Pellegrini, Giuliano, Pellegrino, Carmelo, Perrin-Terrin, Mathieu, Piattelli, Paolo, Pieterse, Camiel, Pikounis, Konstantino, Pisanti, Ofelia, Poirè, Chiara, Popa, Vlad, Pradier, Thierry, Pühlhofer, Gerd, Pulvirenti, Sara, Rabyang, Omphile, Raffaelli, Fabrizio, Randazzo, Nunzio, Razzaque, Soebur, Real, Diego, Reck, Stefan, Riccobene, Giorgio, Richer, Marc, Rivoire, Stephane, Rovelli, Alberto, Salesa Greus, Francisco, Samtleben, Dorothea F. E., Sánchez Losa, Agustin, Sanguineti, Matteo, Santangelo, Andrea E., Santonocito, Domenico, Sapienza, Piera, Schmelling, Jan-Willem, Schnabel, Jutta, Schumann, Johanne, Seneca, Jordan, Sgura, Irene, Shanidze, Rezo, Sharma, Ankur, Simeone, Francesco, Sinopoulou, Anna, Spisso, Bernardino, Spurio, Maurizio, Stavropoulos, Dimitri, Steijger, Jo, Stellacci, Simona Maria, Taiuti, Mauro, Tayalati, Yahya, Tenllado, Enrique, Thakore, Tarak, Tingay, Steven, Tzamariudaki, Ekaterini, Tzanetatos, Dimitrio, Van Elewyck, Veronique, Vasileiadis, George, Versari, Federico, Viola, Salvo, Vivolo, Daniele, de Wasseige, Gwenhael, Wilms, Joern, Wojaczyński, Rafa, de Wolf, El, Zaborov, Dmitry, Zavatarelli, Sandra, Zegarelli, Angela, Zito, Daniele, de Dios Zornoza, Juan, Zúñiga, Juan, Zywucka, Natalia, Aiello, S., Albert, A., Garre, S. A., Aly, Z., Ameli, F., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anguita, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aublin, J., Bagatelas, C., Barbarino, G., Baret, B., Du Pree, S. B., Belias, A., Bendahman, M., Berbee, E., Van Den Berg, A. M., Bertin, V., Van Beveren, V., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Bissinger, M., Boettcher, M., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Branzas, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E. -J., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Carretero, V., Castaldi, P., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Chau, N., Chen, A., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Molla, M. C., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Corredoira, I., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., Amico, A. D., D'Onofrio, A., Dallier, R., De Palma, M., Di Palma, I., Diaz, A. F., Diego-Tortosa, D., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Dona, R., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Doerr, M., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Eddyamoui, A., Van Eeden, T., Van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhoefer, A., Rosell, V. E., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filipovic, M. D., Filippini, F., Fusco, L. A., Gabella, O., Gal, T., Soto, A. A. G., Garufi, F., Gatelet, Y., Geisselbrecht, N., Gialanella, L., Giorgio, E., Gozzini, S. R., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grasso, D., Grella, G., Guderian, D., Guidi, C., Hallmann, S., Hamdaoui, H., Van Haren, H., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hofestadt, J., Huang, F., Ibnsalih, W. I., Ilioni, A., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jansweijer, P., De Jong, M., De Jong, P., Jung, B. J., Kadler, M., Kalaczynski, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U. F., Chowdhury, N. R. K., Kistauri, G., Van Der Knaap, F., Koffeman, E. N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Larosa, G., Le Breton, R., Leonardi, O., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Lesrel, J., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Clark, M. L., Lipreau, T., Lonardo, A., Longhitano, F., Lopez-Coto, D., Maderer, L., Manczak, J. M., Mannheim, K., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mastroianni, S., Mazzou, S., Melis, K. W., Miele, G., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Palacios, L. S. M., Maximiliano Mollo, C., Morganti, M., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Perez, D. M., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Fearraigh, B. O., O'Sullivan, M., Organokov, M., Orlando, A., Gonzalez, J. P., Papalashvili, G., Papaleo, R., Pastore, C., Paun, A. M., Pavalas, G. E., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Pieterse, C., Pikounis, K., Pisanti, O., Poire, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Puhlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Rabyang, O., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Razzaque, S., Real, D., Reck, S., Riccobene, G., Richer, M., Rivoire, S., Rovelli, A., Salesa Greus, F., Samtleben, D. F. E., Losa, A. S., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A. E., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schmelling, J. -W., Schnabel, J., Schumann, J., Seneca, J., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Simeone, F., Sinopoulou, A., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Tenllado, E., Thakore, T., Tingay, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Tzanetatos, D., Van Elewyck, V., Vasileiadis, G., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., De Wasseige, G., Wilms, J., Wojaczynski, R., De Wolf, E., Zaborov, D., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zito, D., De Dios Zornoza, J., Zuniga, J., Zywucka, N., Groupe de Recherche en Physique des Hautes Energies (GRPHE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), KM3NeT, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-IUT de Colmar, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-15-CE31-0020,DAEMONS,Démonstration de la possibilité d'établir l'ordonnancement des masses de neutrinos dans la mer(2015), ANR-10-LABX-0023,UnivEarthS,Earth - Planets - Universe: observation, modeling, transfer(2010), ANR-18-IDEX-0001,Université de Paris,Université de Paris(2018), Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques

Subjects
Astrofísica, acquisition firmware, KM3NeT, neutrino telescope, time to digital converters, Computer science, data acquisition, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, time-to-digital converter, computer.software_genre, Astrophysics, Neutrino telescope, 01 natural sciences, Front and back ends, Time-to-digital converter, Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, time to digital converter, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, FPGA, Clocks, photomultiplier, Firmware, 4. Education, Physics, Electrical engineering, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Acquisition firmware, Neutrino, performance, Photomultiplier, Logic, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physique [physics]/Physique [physics], Partícules (Física nuclear), 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Quantization, 14. Life underwater, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Field-programmable gate array, Cherenkov radiation, Particles (Nuclear physics), Detectors òptics, Time to digital converters, Optical detectors, Control systems, Photons, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Telescopis, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Data acquisition, Field programmable gate arrays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Physique [physics]/Physique des Hautes Energies - Expérience [hep-ex], Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, FISICA APLICADA, electronics: readout, business, computer, Telescopes, electronics: design
Abstract

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Ile-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-18-1268), Georgia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP through Grant AF-13, Morocco; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; The National Science Centre, Poland (2015/18/E/ST2/00758); National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia (ref. SOMM17/6104/UGR), Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia (ref. GRISOLIA/2018/119) and GenT (ref. CIDEGENT/2018/034) programs, La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019), EU: MSC program (ref. 713673), Spain., The KM3NeT infrastructure consists of two deep-sea neutrino telescopes being deployed in the Mediterranean Sea. The telescopes will detect extraterrestrial and atmospheric neutrinos by means of the incident photons induced by the passage of relativistic charged particles through the seawater as a consequence of a neutrino interaction. The telescopes are configured in a three-dimensional grid of digital optical modules, each hosting 31 photomultipliers. The photomultiplier signals produced by the incident Cherenkov photons are converted into digital information consisting of the integrated pulse duration and the time at which it surpasses a chosen threshold. The digitization is done by means of time to digital converters (TDCs) embedded in the field programmable gate array of the central logic board. Subsequently, a state machine formats the acquired data for its transmission to shore. We present the architecture and performance of the front-end firmware consisting of the TDCs and the state machine., French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-15-CE31-0020, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund), France, Commission Europeenne (Marie Curie Program), France, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France, LabEx UnivEarthS, France ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-18-IDEX-0001, Paris Ile-de-France Region, France, Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), Georgia FR-18-1268, German Research Foundation (DFG), Greek Ministry of Development-GSRT, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S, PRIN 2017 program Italy NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S, Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP, Morocco AF-13, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Netherlands Government, National Science Centre, Poland 2015/18/E/ST2/00758, National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (MCIU/FEDER), Spain PGC2018-096663-B-C41 PGC2018-096663-A-C42 PGC2018-096663-B-C43 PGC2018-096663-B-C44, Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Spain, Junta de Andalucia European Commission SOMM17/6104/UGR, Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia program, Spain GRISOLIA/2018/119, Generalitat Valenciana: GenT program, Spain CIDEGENT/2018/034, La Caixa Foundation LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019, EU: MSC program, Spain 713673

Published
2021

26. Hydrological, geomorphic and sedimentological responses of an alpine basin to a severe weather event (Vaia storm)

Author

G. Pellegrini, Riccardo Rainato, Lorenzo Martini, and Lorenzo Picco

Subjects
Hydrology, Flood myth, Severe weather, Boulder mobility, Vaia storm, Sediment, Storm, Structural basin, Sediment transport, Monitoring program, Geomorphic changes, Large flood, Mountain basin, Environmental science, Precipitation, Stream power, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

To achieve a reliable analysis of the impacts induced in mountain basins by large and infrequent floods, all their main components, from the spatial-temporal distribution of meteorological agents to the hydrological, geomorphic and sedimentological response should be considered. Comprehensive study of the hydro-geomorphic responses is extremely valuable to increase the awareness of large floods, especially, in highly populated mountain areas. Such type of investigation requires a solid and wide dataset, which is why only few studies had the chance to describe the response in such a holistic way. This work comprehensively analyzed the high magnitude/low frequency Vaia event, a severe storm that affected northeastern Italy in October 2018 and thus the Rio Cordon study basin. The 80 h precipitation registered in the basin showed a total rainfall equal to 29.8% of the mean annual precipitation. The temporal distribution of rainfall presented two phases, i.e., a first characterized by moderate but persistent precipitation and a second more intense, exhibiting recurrence intervals over 50 years. A combination of indirect methods permitted the reconstruction of the hydraulic forcing acted in the Rio Cordon. Despite the implicit uncertainty, these methods clearly highlighted the high magnitude expressed by October 2018 flood, which generated a unit peak discharge equal to 3.3 m3 s−1 km−2 and a peak of unit stream power of 3865 W m−2, i.e., the highest hydraulic forcing conditions ever observed in 34 years. In terms of geomorphic changes, the use of pre- and post-event LiDAR data stressed out a moderate response of the hillslopes, where the (re)activation of the sediment sources was limited. Only few of these acted as sediment supplier to the main channel. The channel network instead, exhibited an evident response, with the Rio Cordon severely altered by wide lateral widening, deep streambed incision and armouring removal. The hydraulic and geomorphic forcing generated by October 2018 flood caused extensive streambed remobilization and boulder mobility that, in turn, induced the transport of a massive sediment volume. In this sense, the match between bedload observed and bedload predicted suggested the outstanding hydraulic forcing occurred and the quasi-unlimited supply conditions acted during the flood. The long-lasting monitoring program maintained in the Rio Cordon basin provided the rare opportunity to compare two high magnitude/low frequency floods and their induced effects. The September 1994 and October 2018 events were caused by different rainfall conditions, which resulted in different hydrological- and, especially, geomorphic- and sedimentological-responses. Particularly, the October 2018 flood induced an unprecedented alteration on the fluvial system, the effects of which could persist over the long-term.

Published
2021

27. Heterogeneity of pollen food allergy syndrome in seven Southern European countries: the @IT.2020 Multicenter Study

Author

Öztürk, Ayşe Bilge (ORCID 0000-0003-0166-424X & YÖK ID 147629); Saçkesen, Cansın (ORCID 0000-0002-1115-9805 & YÖK ID 182537); Yazıcı, Dilek, Lipp, T.; Acar Şahin, A.; Aggelidis, X.; Arasi, S.; Barbalace, A.; Bourgoin, A.; Bregu, B.; Brighetti, M. A.; Caeiro, E; Çağlayan Sözmen, S.; Caminiti, L.; Charpin, D.; Couto, M.; Delgado, L.; Di Rienzo Businco, A.; Dimier, C.; Dimou, M. V.; Fonseca, J. A. ; Göksel, O.; Güvensen, A.; Hernandez, D.; Hoffmann, T. M.; Jang, D. T.; Kalpaklıoğlu, F.; Lame, B.; Llusar, R.; Makris, M.; Mazon, A.; Mesonjesi, E.; Nieto, A.; Pahus, L.; Pajno, G.; Panasiti, I.; Papadopoulos, N. G.; Pellegrini, E.; Pelosi, S.; Pereira, A. M.; Pereira, M.; Pınar, N. M.; Potapova, E.; Priftanji, A.; Psarros, F.; Sfika, I.; Suarez, J.; Thibaudon, M.; Travaglini, A.; Tripodi, S.; Verdier, V.; Villella, V.; Xepapadaki, P.; Matricardi, P. M.; Dramburg, S., Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), School of Medicine, Öztürk, Ayşe Bilge (ORCID 0000-0003-0166-424X & YÖK ID 147629); Saçkesen, Cansın (ORCID 0000-0002-1115-9805 & YÖK ID 182537); Yazıcı, Dilek, Lipp, T.; Acar Şahin, A.; Aggelidis, X.; Arasi, S.; Barbalace, A.; Bourgoin, A.; Bregu, B.; Brighetti, M. A.; Caeiro, E; Çağlayan Sözmen, S.; Caminiti, L.; Charpin, D.; Couto, M.; Delgado, L.; Di Rienzo Businco, A.; Dimier, C.; Dimou, M. V.; Fonseca, J. A. ; Göksel, O.; Güvensen, A.; Hernandez, D.; Hoffmann, T. M.; Jang, D. T.; Kalpaklıoğlu, F.; Lame, B.; Llusar, R.; Makris, M.; Mazon, A.; Mesonjesi, E.; Nieto, A.; Pahus, L.; Pajno, G.; Panasiti, I.; Papadopoulos, N. G.; Pellegrini, E.; Pelosi, S.; Pereira, A. M.; Pereira, M.; Pınar, N. M.; Potapova, E.; Priftanji, A.; Psarros, F.; Sfika, I.; Suarez, J.; Thibaudon, M.; Travaglini, A.; Tripodi, S.; Verdier, V.; Villella, V.; Xepapadaki, P.; Matricardi, P. M.; Dramburg, S., Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), and School of Medicine

Abstract

Background: pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a frequently underdiagnosed disease due to diverse triggers, clinical presentations, and test results. This is especially relevant in geographic areas with a broad spectrum of pollen sensitization, such as Southern Europe. Objectives: to elucidate similarities and differences ofPFAS in nine Southern European centers and identify associated characteristics and unique markers of PFAS. Methods: as part of the @IT.2020 Multicenter Study, 815 patientswith seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), aged 10‐60 years, were recruited in seven countries. They completed questionnaires regarding SAR, comorbidities, family history, and PFAS, underwent skin prick testing (SPT) and serum IgE testing. Results: of the 815 patients, 167 (20.5%) reported PFAS reactions.Most commonly, eliciting foods were kiwi (58, 34.7%), peach (43, 25.7%), and melon (26, 15.6%). Reported reactions were mostlylocal (216/319, 67.7%), occurring within five minutes of contact with elicitors (209/319, 65.5%). Associated characteristicsincluded positive IgE to at least one panallergen (profilin, PR‐10, or nsLTP) (p=.007), maternal PFAS (OR:3.716, p=.026), and asthma (OR:1.752, p=.073).Between centers, heterogeneity in prevalence (Marseille: 7.5% vs. Rome: 41.4%, p<.001) and of clinical characteristics was apparent. Cypress played a limited role, with only 1/22 SPT mono‐sensitized patients reporting a food‐reaction (p<.073). Conclusions: PFAS is a frequent comorbidity in Southern European SARpatients. Significant heterogeneity of clinical characteristics in PFAS patients amongst the centers was observed, and may be related to the different pollen sensitization patterns in each geographical area.IgE to panallergen(s), maternal PFAS, and asthma could be PFAS‐associated characteristics., Euroimmun

Published
2021

28. Comunicazione pubblica e ricerca scientifica. Attività, destinatari e orientamenti delle istituzioni di ricerca italiane

Author

G. Pellegrini, B. Saracino, G. Pellerini, B. Saracino, Pellegrini, G., Saracino, B., G. Pellerini B. Saracino, G. Pellegrini, and B. Saracino

Subjects
comunicazione pubblica della scienza, Public Engagement with science and technology
Abstract

Il capitolo propone i principali risultati italiani dell'indagine internazionale More-Pe, dedicata allo studio della comunicazione della ricerca. Il testo presenta, le modalità, i destinatari e i principali orientamenti delle università e degli istituti di ricerca italiani nella comunicazione della ricerca

Published
2019

29. Il pubblico dei musei: tra partecipazione e aspettative

Author

A. Rubin, G. Pellegrini, B. Saracino, S. Martellos M. Celi, A. Rubin, G. Pellegrini, B. Saracino, S. Martellos, M. Celi, Rubin, A., Pellegrini, G., and Saracino, B.

Subjects
scienza nella società, esposizione alla scienza, esposizione alla scienza, orientamenti dei cittadini, partecipazione e coinvolgimento del pubblico, scienza nella società, orientamenti dei cittadini, partecipazione e coinvolgimento del pubblico
Abstract

Negli ultimi anni si è manifestato un consistente aumento di partecipazione ad attività di comunicazione pubblica della scienza. Un ruolo rilevante è ricoperto dai musei scientifici, dalle mostre e dai festival della scienza. Attraverso un’indagine campionaria, Observa Science in Society studia ogni anno gli atteggiamenti e i comportamenti dell’opinione pubblica nei confronti della scienza e della tecnologia. Da una recente rilevazione emerge che il 37% dei cittadini italiani frequenta annualmente un museo scientifico o una mostra. Oltre ai dati sulla partecipazione e la frequenza del pubblico, il paper propone anche informazioni sulle aspettative dei cittadini. Ma che cosa chiede il pubblico alle istituzioni museali? I risultati fanno emergere l’esigenza di trovare nei musei spazi di incontro e dialogo con i ricercatori e gli esperti per ascoltare dalla loro voce i risultati delle ricerche, la storia delle collezioni e gli obiettivi delle mostre. Questa percezione indica che i musei non sono solo meri espositori della scienza consolidata ma istituzioni in grado di operare per la diffusione della scienza attraverso la mediazione culturale e la diffusione di nuovi saperi scientifici. In recent years there has been a significant increase in participation in public science communication activities. An important role is played by scientific museums, exhibitions and science festivals. Through a sample survey, Observa Science in Society studies, every year, the attitudes and behaviors of the public towards science and technology. A recent survey shows that 37% of Italian citizens annually attend a science museum or an exhibition. In addition to data on participation and attendance of the public, the paper also offers information on citizens’ expectations. What does the public ask of the museums? The results highlight the need to find in the museums spaces for meeting and dialogue with researchers and experts to hear the results of the research, the history of the collections and the objectives of the exhibitions from their voices. This perception indicates that museums are not only exhibitors of established science but institutions able to operate for diffusion of science through cultural mediation and diffusion of new scientific knowledge.

Published
2019

30. Avenanthramides Prevent Osteoblast and Osteocyte Apoptosis and Induce Osteoclast Apoptosis in Vitro in an Nrf2-Independent Manner

Author

Gretel G. Pellegrini, Cynthya C. Morales, Taylor C. Wallace, Lilian I. Plotkin, and Teresita Bellido

Subjects
avenanthramides, oxidative stress, apoptosis, gene expression, bone cells, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Oats contain unique bioactive compounds known as avenanthramides (AVAs) with antioxidant properties. AVAs might enhance the endogenous antioxidant cellular response by activation of the transcription factor Nrf2. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species plays a critical role in many chronic and degenerative diseases, including osteoporosis. In this disease, there is an imbalance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts, which is accompanied by increased osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis and decreased osteoclast apoptosis. We investigated the ability of the synthethic AVAs 2c, 2f and 2p, to 1-regulate gene expression in bone cells, 2-affect the viability of osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts, and the generation of osteoclasts from their precursors, and 3-examine the potential involvement of the transcription factor Nrf2 in these actions. All doses of AVA 2c and 1 and 5 µM dose of 2p up-regulated collagen 1A expression. Lower doses of AVAs up-regulated OPG (osteoprotegerin) in OB-6 osteoblastic cells, whereas 100 μM dose of 2f and all concentrations of 2c down-regulated RANKL gene expression in MLO-Y4 osteocytic cells. AVAs did not affect apoptosis of OB-6 osteoblastic cells or MLO-Y4 osteocytic cells; however, they prevented apoptosis induced by the DNA topoisomerase inhibitor etoposide, the glucocorticoid dexamethasone, and hydrogen peroxide. AVAs prevented apoptosis of both wild type (WT) and Nrf2 Knockout (KO) osteoblasts, demonstrating that AVAs-induced survival does not require Nrf2 expression. Further, KO osteoclast precursors produced more mature osteoclasts than WT; and KO cultures exhibited less apoptotic osteoclasts than WT cultures. Although AVAs did not affect WT osteoclasts, AVA 2p reversed the low apoptosis of KO osteoclasts. These in vitro results demonstrate that AVAs regulate, in part, the function of osteoblasts and osteocytes and prevent osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis and increase osteoclast apoptosis; further, these regulatory actions are independent of Nrf2.

Published
2016
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31. Author response for 'Skeletal Protection and Promotion of Microbiome Diversity by Dietary Boosting of the Endogenous Antioxidant Response'

Author

Roy B Choi, Cindy H. Nakatsu, Olivia Johnson, David B. Burr, George P. McCabe, Kevin McAndrews, Mary Ann Lila, Maria Maiz, Connie M. Weaver, Linda D McCabe, Mario G. Ferruzzi, Gretel G. Pellegrini, Amy Y. Sato, Meloney Cregor, Teresita Bellido, and Munro Peacock

Subjects
Boosting (doping), Promotion (rank), business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Endogeny, Antioxidant response element, Microbiome, Biology, business, Diversity (business), Biotechnology, media_common
Published
2020

32. The morphological response of the Tegnas alpine catchment (Northeast Italy) to a Large Infrequent Disturbance

Author

Marco Cavalli, Lorenzo Picco, Antonio Cazorzi, Lorenzo Martini, Riccardo Rainato, and G. Pellegrini

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Disturbance (geology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Index of Connectivity (IC), 010501 environmental sciences, Structural basin, 01 natural sciences, Deposition (geology), Alpine catchment, Geomorphic changes, Large Infrequent Disturbance (LID), Tegnas Torrent, Vaia storm, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Landslide, Storm, Pollution, Debris, Erosion, Physical geography, Geology, Channel (geography)
Abstract

A recent storm (27th–30th October 2018), named Vaia, hit most part of the Northeast of Italy affecting the geomorphic aspect of almost all mountain catchments of the area. The event triggered new instabilities such as windthrows, landslides and debris flows. At present, few studies dealt with the analysis of the impact of a Large Infrequent Disturbance at large catchment scale. This work provides a focus on the Tegnas Torrent Basin (Belluno Province) and aims at detecting how, where, and how much this storm affected the basin. Moreover, it integrates two different approaches considering both the dynamic and static aspects of the sediment, via DEM of Difference (DoD) and Index of Connectivity (IC), respectively. The Tegnas sub-basins responded contrastingly: the Bordina (volcanic origin and covered by pastures and spruce forests) was mainly affected by windthrows (7% of the sub-basin area) and landslides (0.5%), while the Angheraz (outcropping dolomite rocks), was stricken only by debris flows (1.0%). Morphological changes were clear along the entire channel network, with predominant erosion in the steepest upstream parts (over 2 m of the channel elevation), and deposition in the lower main valley floor (over 3 m of the channel elevation). The IC analysis along the instabilities highlighted that the windthrows occurred mainly in areas of high connectivity, which may be important for future management strategies. Moreover, the proposed integrated approach, based on the combination IC-DoD, permitted a detailed identification of sediment routing and a contemporary estimation of erosion and deposition volumes generated by a high magnitude low-frequency event. Based on these results, cascading processes are expected and further analysis are required to fully consider the impact of a Large Infrequent Disturbance.

Published
2020

33. Aminobisphosphonate‐treated ewes as a model of osteonecrosis of the jaw and of dental implant failure

Author

Marina Soledad Bonanno, Leonardo Lyardet, Perla Araceli Torres, Graciela Noemi Yaful, Mario Ricardo Davison, Mariana Preliasco, Gretel G. Pellegrini, and Susana Noemi Zeni

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD, Ovariectomy, Osteoporosis, Medicina Clínica, OSTEOPOROSIS, Bone remodeling, Odontología, Medicina y Cirugía Oral, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, N-terminal telopeptide, BISPHOSPHONATE-ASOCIATED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAW, Bone Density, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Bone mineral, Dental Implants, Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw, Sheep, Bone Density Conservation Agents, Diphosphonates, business.industry, Sham surgery, Imidazoles, Osteonecrosis, DENTAL IMPLANT, 030206 dentistry, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, ZOLEDRONIC ACID, Ovariectomized rat, Periodontics, Female, METABOLIC BONE DISEASES, Osteonecrosis of the jaw, business
Abstract

Fil: Davison, Mario Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; Carrera de Odontología. Rio Negro. Argentina Fil: Lyardet, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; Carrera de Odontología. Rio Negro. Argentina Fil: Preliasco, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Carrera de Odontología. Rio Negro. Argentina Fil: Yaful, Graciela Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Carrera de Ciencias Veterinarias. Rio Negro. Argentina Fil: Torres, Perla Araceli. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Carrera de Ciencias Veterinarias. Rio Negro. Argentina Fil: Bonanno, Marina Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina Fil: Pellegrini, Gretel Gisella.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina Fil: Zeni, Susana Noemi.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina Bisphosphonate (BP)-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and dental implant failure are two negative side effects of chronic aminoBP treatment. Methods: Eleven ovariectomized (OVX) ewes and four ewes subjected to sham surgery (SHAM) were treated as follows: OVX (n = 5): OVX plus saline solution; zoledronic acid-treated group (ZOL) (n = 6): OVX plus ZOL; SHAM (n = 4): SHAM plus saline solution. Extraction of the first upper molar was performed at 1 year, dental implant placement at 2 years, and sacrifice at 28 months. Results: Implants remained in place in SHAM and OVX ewes but were lost in all ZOL ewes. ZOL sheep (2/6) showed inflammation and necrotic bone at mandibular region. No differences in serum calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi) or 25-hydroxyvitamin D were observed, whereas bone alkaline phosphatase levels decreased in the three studied groups (P

Published
2020

35. Evaluating the Effects of Forest Cover Changes on Sediment Connectivity in a Catchment Affected by Multiple Wildfires

Author

G. Pellegrini, Lorenzo Picco, Lorenzo Faes, Andrés Iroumé, Lorenzo Martini, Cordelia Scalari, and Mario Aristide Lenzi

Subjects
Hydrology, Routing (hydrology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Disturbance (ecology), Drainage basin, Sediment, Sampling (statistics), Environmental science, Wildfires · Fire severity · Land cover change · Sediment connectivity · Chile, Structural basin, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Channel (geography)
Abstract

Wildfire-related impacts on the hydrogeomorphic properties of river basins is scarcely studied in South American sites. Fire affects river systems by altering the forest cover, decreasing the soil infiltration capacity, modifying the sediment yields and leading to channel instability. To study the effect of the disturbance in the sediment routing, the analysis of changes in sediment connectivity, i.e. the degree of linkage between source and sink areas, has been recently used. The main aim of the present research is to adapt and apply the Index of Connectivity (IC) in a Chilean catchment affected by subsequent wildfires in 2002 and 2015. Specific objectives involve the derivation of fire severity maps of both wildfires, and the development of a weighting factor, which properly represents the impedance to sediment fluxes. We made use of satellite images and sampling plots to carry out the fire severity maps and then the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the computation of the weighting factor maps used in the connectivity analysis. The results demonstrated not only the applicability of this approach, which permitted to highlights the changes in IC patterns but even the predominant changes in forest cover as well as the preferential sources of sediment within the basin.

Published
2020

37. The morphological response of an Alpine catchment to a large infrequent disturbance

Author

Marco Cavalli, G. Pellegrini, Lorenzo Picco, Lorenzo Martini, Riccardo Rainato, and A. Cazorzi

Subjects
Hydrology, geography, VaiaStorm, Large infrequent disturbance, geography.geographical_feature_category, Disturbance (geology), Drainage basin, Geology, Sediment connectivity
Abstract

Large disturbances highly affect the morphological settings and the dynamics of mountain river basins, above all if they are dealing with water and wind. The Vaia storm that hit the northeastern part of Italy in late October 2018 caused the activation of new sediment sources, the generation of widespread instabilities and the destruction of hectares. The following research focuses on the Tegnas River basin (Belluno Province) and investigates the morphological changes of the active channel after the Vaia storm as well as the connectivity before the event. Both field surveys and remote sensing data were used to carry out DoD analysis (DEM of difference) and IC (Index of Connectivity) computation. On the one hand, evidence of erosion was identified in the upstream portion of the basin, especially on the Bordina Stream sub-catchment, where the riverbed deepened by more than 3.0 m. On the other hand, the event caused deposition of more than 1.5 m along the valley floor of the Tegnas River basin, modifying catchment-scale sediment connectivity and highlighting the different response of the basin according to the channel steepness. For this reason, in the forthcoming future, second-step consequences will occur producing cascading processes affecting the morphology and the equilibrium of the entire system. Therefore, the comprehension of these mechanisms will give important tips for future management strategies that will permit to decrease risks and to guarantee the maintenance of the natural appearance of the San Lucano valley.

Published
2020

38. NEW DEVELOPMENTS ON SIC DOSIMETERS FOR ADVANCED RADIOTHERAPIES

Author

C. Fleta, G. Pellegrini, P. Godignon, J.M. Rafi, F. Gomez, J. Paz-Martin, D. Gonzalez-Castaño, and N. Gomez-Fernandez

Subjects
Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published
2022

39. 'Whole' vs 'fragmented' approach to EAACI pollen season definitions: a multicenter study in six Southern European cities

Author

Öztürk, Ayşe Bilge (ORCID 0000-0003-0166-424X & YÖK ID 147629); Saçkesen, Cansın (ORCID 0000-0002-1115-9805 & YÖK ID 182537); Yazıcı, Duygu, Hoffmann, Tara Maria; Şahin, Aydan Acar; Aggelidis, Xenophon; Arasi, Stefania; Barbalace, Andrea; Bourgoin, Anne; Bregu, Blerina; Brighetti, Maria Antonia; Caeiro, Elsa; Sozmen, Sule Caglayan; Caminiti, Lucia; Charpin, Denis; Couto, Mariana; Delgado, Luis; Businco, Andrea Di Rienzo; Dimier, Claire; Dimou, Maria, V; Fonseca, Joao A.; Göksel, Özlem; Güvensen, Aykut; Hernandez, Dolores; Jang, Dah Tay; Kalpaklıoğlu, Füsun; Lame, Blerta; Llusar, Ruth; Makris, Michael P.; Mazon, Angel; Mesonjesi, Eris; Nieto, Antonio; Pahus, Laurie; Pajno, Giovanni Battista; Panasiti, Ilenia; Panetta, Valentina; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Pellegrini, Elisabetta; Pelosi, Simone; Pereira, Ana Margarida; Pereira, Mariana; Pinar, Munevver; Pfaar, Oliver; Potapova, Ekaterina; Priftanji, Alfred; Psarros, Fotis; Sfika, Ifigenia; Suarez, Javier; Thibaudon, Michel; Travaglini, Alessandro; Tripodi, Salvatore; Verdier, Valentine; Villella, Valeria; Xepapadaki, Paraskevi; Matricardi, Paolo M.; Dramburg, Stephanie, Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), Koç University Hospital, School of Medicine; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Öztürk, Ayşe Bilge (ORCID 0000-0003-0166-424X & YÖK ID 147629); Saçkesen, Cansın (ORCID 0000-0002-1115-9805 & YÖK ID 182537); Yazıcı, Duygu, Hoffmann, Tara Maria; Şahin, Aydan Acar; Aggelidis, Xenophon; Arasi, Stefania; Barbalace, Andrea; Bourgoin, Anne; Bregu, Blerina; Brighetti, Maria Antonia; Caeiro, Elsa; Sozmen, Sule Caglayan; Caminiti, Lucia; Charpin, Denis; Couto, Mariana; Delgado, Luis; Businco, Andrea Di Rienzo; Dimier, Claire; Dimou, Maria, V; Fonseca, Joao A.; Göksel, Özlem; Güvensen, Aykut; Hernandez, Dolores; Jang, Dah Tay; Kalpaklıoğlu, Füsun; Lame, Blerta; Llusar, Ruth; Makris, Michael P.; Mazon, Angel; Mesonjesi, Eris; Nieto, Antonio; Pahus, Laurie; Pajno, Giovanni Battista; Panasiti, Ilenia; Panetta, Valentina; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Pellegrini, Elisabetta; Pelosi, Simone; Pereira, Ana Margarida; Pereira, Mariana; Pinar, Munevver; Pfaar, Oliver; Potapova, Ekaterina; Priftanji, Alfred; Psarros, Fotis; Sfika, Ifigenia; Suarez, Javier; Thibaudon, Michel; Travaglini, Alessandro; Tripodi, Salvatore; Verdier, Valentine; Villella, Valeria; Xepapadaki, Paraskevi; Matricardi, Paolo M.; Dramburg, Stephanie, Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), Koç University Hospital, and School of Medicine; Graduate School of Health Sciences

Abstract

Background: the adequate definition of pollen seasons is essential to facilitate a correct diagnosis, treatment choice, and outcome assessment in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. A position paper by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) proposed season definitions for Northern and Middle Europe. Objective To test the pollen season definitions proposed by EAACI in six Mediterranean cities for seven pollen taxa. Methods: as part of the @IT.2020 multi-center study, pollen counts for Poaceae, Oleaceae, Fagales, Cupressaceae, Urticaceae (Parietaria spp.), and Compositae (Ambrosia spp., Artemisia spp.) were collected from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Based on these data, pollen seasons were identified according to EAACI criteria. A unified monitoring period for patients in AIT trials was created and assessed for feasibility. Results: the analysis revealed a great heterogeneity between the different locations in terms of pattern and length of the examined pollen seasons. Further, we found a fragmentation of pollen seasons in several segments (max. 8) separated by periods of low pollen counts (intercurrent periods). Potential monitoring periods included often many recording days with low pollen exposure (max. 341 days). Conclusion: the Mediterranean climate leads to challenging pollen exposure times. Monitoring periods for AIT trials based on existing definitions may include many intermittent days with low pollen concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to find an adapted pollen season definition as individual solution for each pollen and geographical area., Euroimmun

Published
2020

40. KM3NeT acquisition: the new version of the Central Logic Board and its related Power Board, with highlights and evolution of the Control Unit

Author

Diego Real, V. van Beveren, F. Carrio, S. Colonges, D. Calvo, Tommaso Chiarusi, Federico Versari, P. Jansweijer, Cristiano Bozza, Antonio F. Díaz, Paolo Musico, G. Pellegrini, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), KM3NeT, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Computer science, data acquisition, Control unit, 01 natural sciences, programming, Reliability (semiconductor), 0103 physical sciences, 14. Life underwater, Electronics, Digital electronic circuits, Neutrino detectors, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, KM3NeT, Mathematical Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Suite, Term (time), Power (physics), Neutrino detector, Systems engineering, control system, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The KM3NeT collaboration is currently building two deep sea neutrino telescopes at the bottom of the Mediterranean sea. The acquisition electronics for the first phase of the telescopes has been produced and several Detection Units have already been deployed. For subsequent phases, an improved version of the acquisition electronics has been designed with the goal of reducing the power consumption and improving the long term reliability of the boards. The control software suite, named Control Unit, is also being upgraded, in particular to overcome hardware failures. In this article, we present the last versions of the Central Logic Board and its associated Power Board, together with the evolution of the Control Unit.

Published
2019

41. Reliability studies for the White Rabbit Switch in KM3NeT: FIDES and Highly Accelerated Life Tests

Author

Daniela Calvo, F. Carrio, V. van Beveren, S. Colonges, G. Pellegrini, P. Jansweijer, Diego Real, Antonio F. Díaz, Paolo Musico, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KM3NeT, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer science, electronics, measurement methods, 01 natural sciences, Reliability engineering, Automatic Keywords, neutrino: detector, 0103 physical sciences, electronics: readout, 14. Life underwater, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, KM3NeT, Mathematical Physics, Reliability (statistics), White rabbit, performance, Fides, electronics: design
Abstract

International audience; Two neutrino telescopes are being installed in the Mediterranean Sea by the KM3NeT Collaboration. The Collaboration is currently validating the viability of the standard White Rabbit technology for the next phase of the project. One of the necessary studies for this validation is the reliability assessment of the Switching Core Board and its carrier, the main electronics components of the White Rabbit Switch. This contribution presents the reliability studies, based on the FIDES method, performed to the Switch Core Board and the KM3NeT carrier in order to obtain an estimate of the Failure In Time, as well as to find which components can be optimised in order to increase the reliability of the system. Moreover, the Highly Accelerated Life Tests, a stress testing methodology for enhancing product reliability, performed to the first prototypes of the switch electronics boards, produced with the FIDES modifications, are presented.

Published
2019

42. Aberrantly elevated Wnt signaling is responsible for cementum overgrowth and dental ankylosis

Author

Sydnee Hyman, Xue Yuan, Liao Wang, Kristy C. Perez, Jill A. Helms, Gretel G. Pellegrini, Benjamin Salmon, Teresita Bellido, and Yan Wu

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Histology, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD, Periodontal Ligament, Physiology, Tooth Ankylosis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tooth eruption, Osteoclasts, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Article, Tooth Eruption, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, stomatognathic system, Ankylosis, medicine, Animals, Periodontal fiber, Cementum, PERIODONTIUM, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Mastication, beta Catenin, Dental alveolus, Dental Cementum, ANKYLOSIS, CEMENTUM, Wnt signaling pathway, purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1 [https], Periodontium, DENTAL, Anatomía y Morfología, medicine.disease, Cell biology, stomatognathic diseases, Medicina Básica, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mutation, purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https], TOOTH ERUPTION
Abstract

Vertebrate teeth are attached to the jawbones using a variety of methods but in mammals, a fibrous connection is the norm. This fibrous periodontal ligament (PDL) allows teeth to move in the jawbones in response to natural eruptive forces, mastication, and orthodontic tooth movement. In some disease states the PDL either calcifies or is replaced by a mineralized tissue and the result is ankylosis, where the tooth is fused to the alveolar bone. To understand how the PDL maintains this fibrous state, we examined a strain of mice in which tooth movement is arrested. DaβcatOt mice express a stabilized form of β-catenin in DMP1-positive alveolar bone osteocytes and cementocytes, which results in elevated Wnt signaling throughout the periodontium. As a consequence, there is an accrual of massive amounts of cellular cementum and alveolar bone, the PDL itself calcifies and teeth become ankylosed. These data suggest that to maintain its fibrous nature, Wnt signaling must normally be repressed in the PDL space. Fil: Wu, Yan. Stomatology Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; China. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos Fil: Yuan, Xue. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos Fil: Perez, Kristy C.. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos Fil: Hyman, Sydnee. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos Fil: Wang, Liao. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos. Sichuan University; China Fil: Pellegrini, Gretel Gisela. Indiana University; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina Fil: Salmon, Benjamin. Paris Descartes University; Francia Fil: Bellido, Teresita. Indiana University; Estados Unidos Fil: Helms, Jill A.. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos

Published
2019

43. L'utilizzo di ausili assorbenti di profilo tecnico elevato nel management delle perdite genitali post-partum: valutazione dell'adeguatezza e della soddisfazione da parte delle donne in puerperio dopo parto vaginale. Studio multicentrico randomizzato condotto su 800 pazienti

Author

Mario Filippo Segatore, Anna Natali, Valerio P. Piscitelli, Caterina Pizzicaroli, Giovanni Larciprete, Maria G. Pellegrini, Paolo Fusco, Marco Bonito, Daniela Angelo, Silvio Tartaglia, and Alessandro Giordani

Subjects
business.industry, Medicine, General Medicine, business
Published
2019

45. Epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection and sepsis in critically ill patients: 'AbSeS', a multinational observational cohort study and ESICM Trials Group Project

Author

Blot, S. Antonelli, M. Arvaniti, K. Blot, K. Creagh-Brown, B. de Lange, D. De Waele, J. Deschepper, M. Dikmen, Y. Dimopoulos, G. Eckmann, C. Francois, G. Girardis, M. Koulenti, D. Labeau, S. Lipman, J. Lipovestky, F. Maseda, E. Montravers, P. Mikstacki, A. Paiva, J.-A. Pereyra, C. Rello, J. Timsit, J.-F. Vogelaers, D. Lamrous, A. Rezende-Neto, J. Cardenas, Y. Vymazal, T. Fjeldsoee-Nielsen, H. Kott, M. Kostoula, A. Javeri, Y. Einav, S. Makikado, L.D.U. Tomescu, D. Gritsan, A. Jovanovic, B. Venkatesan, K. Mirkovic, T. Creagh-Brown, B. Lamrous, A. Emmerich, M. Canale, M. Dietz, L.S. Ilutovich, S. Miñope, J.T.S. Silva, R.B. Montenegro, M.A. Martin, P. Saul, P. Chediack, V. Sutton, G. Couce, R. Balasini, C. Gonzalez, S. Lascar, F.M. Descotte, E.J. Gumiela, N.S. Pino, C.A. Cesio, C. Valgolio, E. Cunto, E. Dominguez, C. Nelson, N.F. Abegao, E.M. Pozo, N.C. Bianchi, L. Correger, E. Pastorino, M.L. Miyazaki, E.A. Pozo, N.C. Grubissich, N. Garcia, M. Bonetto, N. Quevedo, N.E. Gomez, C.D. Queti, F. Estevarena, L.G. Fernandez, R. Santolaya, I. Pozo, N.C. Grangeat, S.H. Doglia, J. Zakalik, G. Pellegrini, C. Lloria, M.M. Chacon, M.E. Fumale, M. Leguizamon, M. Hidalgo, I.B. Tiranti, R.J. Capponi, P. Tita, A. Cardonnet, L. Bettini, L. Ramos, A. Lovesio, L. Miranda, E.M. Farfan, A.B. Tolosa, C. Segura, L. Bellocchio, A. Alvarez, B. Manzur, A. Lujan, R. Fernandez, N. Scarone, N. Zazu, A. Groh, C. Fletcher, J. Smith, J. Azad, R. Chavan, N. Wong, H. Kol, M. Campbell, L. Starr, T. Roberts, B. Wibrow, B. Warhurst, T. Chinthamuneedi, M. Ferney, B.B. Simon, M. De Backer, D. Wittebole, X. De Bels, D. Collin, V. Dams, K. Jorens, P. Dubois, J. Gunst, J. Haentjens, L. De Schryver, N. Dugernier, T. Rezende-Neto, J. Rizoli, S. Santillan, P. Han, Y. Biskup, E. Qu, C. Li, X. Yu, T. Weihua, L. Molano-Franco, D. Rojas, J. Oviedo, J.M.P. Pinilla, D. Cardenas, Y. Celis, E. Arias, M. Vukovic, A. Vudrag, M. Belavic, M. Zunic, J. Kuharic, J. Kricka, I.B. Filipovic-Grcic, I. Tomasevic, B. Obraz, M. Bodulica, B. Dohnal, M. Malaska, J. Kratochvil, M. Satinsky, I. Schwarz, P. Kos, Z. Blahut, L. Maca, J. Protus, M. Kieslichová, E. Nielsen, L.G. Krogh, B.M. Rivadeneira, F. Morales, F. Mora, J. Orozco, A.S. MorochoTutillo, D.R. Vargas, N.R. Yepez, E.S. Villamagua, B. Alsisi, A. Fahmy, A. Dupont, H. Lasocki, S. Paugam-Burtz, C. Foucrier, A. Nica, A. Barjon, G. Mallat, J. Marcotte, G. Leone, M. Duclos, G. Burtin, P. Atchade, E. Mahjoub, Y. Misset, B. Timsit, J.-F. Dupuis, C. Veber, B. Debarre, M. Collange, O. Pottecher, J. Hecketsweiler, S. Fromentin, M. Tesnière, A. Koch, C. Sander, M. Kott, M. Elke, G. Wrigge, H. Simon, P. Chalkiadaki, A. Tzanidakis, C. Pneumatikos, I. Sertaridou, E. Mastora, Z. Pantazopoulos, I. Papanikolaou, M. Papavasilopoulou, T. Floros, J. Kolonia, V. Diakaki, C. Rallis, M. Paridou, A. Kalogeromitros, A. Romanou, V. Nikolaou, C. Kounougeri, K. Tsigou, E. Psallida, V. Karampela, N. Mandragos, K. Kontoudaki, E. Pentheroudaki, A. Farazi-Chongouki, C. Karakosta, A. Chouris, I. Radu, V. Malliotakis, P. Kokkini, S. Charalambous, E. Kyritsi, A. Koulouras, V. Papathanakos, G. Nagky, E. Lampiri, C. Tsimpoukas, F. Sarakatsanos, I. Georgakopoulos, P. Ravani, I. Prekates, A. Sakellaridis, K. Christopoulos, C. Vrettou, E. Stokkos, K. Pentari, A. Marmanidou, K. Kydona, C. Tsoumaropoulos, G. Bitzani, M. Kontou, P. Voudouris, A. Elli-Nikki Flioni Antypa, E. Chasou, E. Anisoglou, S. Papageorgiou, E. Paraforou, T. Tsioka, A. Karathanou, A. Vakalos, A. Shah, B. Thakkar, C. Jain, N. Gurjar, M. Baronia, A. Sathe, P. Kulkarni, S. Paul, C. Paul, J. Masjedi, M. Nikandish, R. Zand, F. Sabetian, G. Mahmoodpoor, A. Hashemian, S.M. Bala, M. Flocco, R. Torrente, S. Pota, V. Spadaro, S. Volta, C. Serafini, G. Boraso, S. Tiberio, I. Cortegiani, A. Misseri, G. Barbagallo, M. Nicolotti, D. Forfori, F. Corradi, F. De Pascale, G. Pelagalli, L. Brazzi, L. Vittone, F.G. Russo, A. Simion, D. Cotoia, A. Cinnella, G. Toppin, P. Johnson-Jackson, R. Hayashi, Y. Yamamoto, R. Yasuda, H. Kishihara, Y. Shiotsuka, J. Sanchez-Hurtado, L.A. Tejeda-Huezo, B. Gorordo, L. Ñamendys-Silva, S.A. Garcia-Guillen, F.J. Martinez, M. Romero-Meja, E. Colorado-Dominguez, E. van den Oever, H. Kalff, K.M. Vermeijden, W. Cornet, A.D. Beck, O. Cimic, N. Dormans, T. Bormans, L. Bakker, J. Van Duijn, D. Bosman, G. Vos, P. Haas, L. Henein, A. Miranda, A.M. Makikado, L.D.U. Malca, G.E.G. Arroyo-Sanchez, A. Misiewska-Kaczur, A. Akinyi, F. Czuczwar, M. Luczak, K. Sulkowski, W. Tamowicz, B. Swit, B. Baranowski, B. Smuszkiewicz, P. Trojanowska, I. Rzymski, S. Sawinski, M. Trosiak, M. Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M. Alves, R. Leal, D. Krystopchuk, A. Mendonca, P.M.H. Pereira, R.A. de Carvalho, M.R.L.M. Candeias, C. Molinos, E. Ferreira, A. Castro, G. Pereira, J.-M. Santos, L. Ferreira, A. Pascoalinho, D. Ribeiro, R. Domingos, G. Gomes, P. Nora, D. Costa, R.P. Santos, A. Alsheikhly, A.S. Tomescu, D. Popescu, M. Grigoras, I. Patrascanu, E. Zabolotskikh, I. Musaeva, T. Gaigolnik, D. Kulabukhov, V. Belskiy, V. Zubareva, N. Tribulev, M. Abdelsalam, A. Aldarsani, A. Al-Khalid, M. Almekhlafi, G. Mandourah, Y. Jovanovic, B. Doklestic, K. Velickovic, J. Velickovic, D. Jankovic, R. Vukovic, A. Skoric-Jokic, S. Radovanovic, D. Richards, G. Alli, A. del Carmen Cordoba Nielfa, M. Iniesta, R.S. Martínez, A.B.-C. Bernedo, C.G. Gil, S.A.P. Nuvials, X. Garcia, J.G. Peña, J.M.G. Jimenez, R. Herrera, L. Barrachina, L.G. Monzon, I.C. Redondo, F.J. Villazala, R. Zapata, D.F.M. Lopez, I.M.V. Moreno-Gonzalez, G. Lopez-Delgado, J.C. Marin, J.S. Sanchez-Zamora, P. Vidal, M.V. González, J.F. Salinas, I. Hermosa, C. Martinez-Sagasti, F. Domingo-Marín, S. Victorino, J.A. Garcia-Alvarez, R. Calleja, P.L.-A. de la Torre-Prados, M.-V. Vidal-Cortes, P. del Río-Carbajo, L. Izura, J. Minguez, V. Alvarez, J.T. Prous, A.P. Paz, D. Roche-Campo, F. Aguilar, G. Belda, J. Rico-Feijoo, J. Aldecoa, C. Zalba-Etayo, B. Lang, M. Dullenkopf, A. Trongtrakul, K. Chtsomkasem, A. Akbas, T. Unal, M.N. Ozcelik, M. Gumus, A. Ramazanoglu, A. Memis, D. Mehmet, I. Urkmez, S. Ozgultekin, A. Demirkiran, O. Aslan, N.A. Kizilaslan, D. Kahveci, F. Ünlü, N. Ozkan, Z. Kaye, C. Jansen, J. O’Neill, O. Nutt, C. Jha, R. Hooker, N. Grecu, I. Petridou, C. Shyamsundar, M. McNamee, L. Trinder, J. Hagan, S. Kelly, C. Silversides, J. Groba, C.B. Boyd, O. Bhowmick, K. Humphreys, S. Summers, C. Polgarova, P. Margarson, M. Dickens, J. Pearson, S. Chinery, E. Hemmings, N. O’Kane, S. Austin, P. Cole, S. Plowright, C. Box, R. Wright, C. Young, L. Montague, L. Parker, R. Morton, B. Ostermann, M. Bilinska, J. Rose, B.O. Reece-Anthony, R. Ryan, C. Hamilton, M. Hopkins, P. Wendon, J. Brescia, G. Ijaz, N. Wood, J. George, M. Toth-Tarsoly, P. Yates, B. Armstrong, M. Scott, C. Boyd, C. Szakmany, T. Rees, D. Pulak, P. Coggon, M. Saha, B. Kent, L. Gibson, B. Camsooksai, J. Reschreiter, H. Morgan, P. Sangaralingham, S. Lowe, A. Vondras, P. Jamadarkhana, S. Cruz, C. Bhandary, R. Hersey, P. Furneval, J. Innes, R. Doble, P. Attwood, B. Parsons, P. Page, V. Zhao, X. Grecu, I. Dalton, J. Hegazy, M. Awad, Y. Naylor, D. Naylor, A. Lee, S. Brevard, S. Davis, N. the Abdominal Sepsis Study (AbSeS) group on behalf of the Trials Group of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection in an international cohort of ICU patients according to a new system that classifies cases according to setting of infection acquisition (community-acquired, early onset hospital-acquired, and late-onset hospital-acquired), anatomical disruption (absent or present with localized or diffuse peritonitis), and severity of disease expression (infection, sepsis, and septic shock). Methods: We performed a multicenter (n = 309), observational, epidemiological study including adult ICU patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal infection. Risk factors for mortality were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The cohort included 2621 patients. Setting of infection acquisition was community-acquired in 31.6%, early onset hospital-acquired in 25%, and late-onset hospital-acquired in 43.4% of patients. Overall prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was 26.3% and difficult-to-treat resistant Gram-negative bacteria 4.3%, with great variation according to geographic region. No difference in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was observed according to setting of infection acquisition. Overall mortality was 29.1%. Independent risk factors for mortality included late-onset hospital-acquired infection, diffuse peritonitis, sepsis, septic shock, older age, malnutrition, liver failure, congestive heart failure, antimicrobial resistance (either methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria, or carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria) and source control failure evidenced by either the need for surgical revision or persistent inflammation. Conclusion: This multinational, heterogeneous cohort of ICU patients with intra-abdominal infection revealed that setting of infection acquisition, anatomical disruption, and severity of disease expression are disease-specific phenotypic characteristics associated with outcome, irrespective of the type of infection. Antimicrobial resistance is equally common in community-acquired as in hospital-acquired infection. © 2019, The Author(s).

Published
2019

46. New Drugs?

Author

G. Pellegrini

Published
2019

47. Blueberry containing diets protect from bone loss induced by sex steroid deficiency differently depending on sex and by mechanisms independent of canonical sex steroid receptor signaling

Author

Olivia Johnson, Teresita Bellido, Kevin McAndrews, Connie M. Weaver, George P. McCabe, Amy Y. Sato, Roy B Choi, Munro Peacock, Emily G. Atkinson, Gretel G Pellegrini, Meloney Cregor, Maria Maiz, David B. Burr, and Linda D McCabe

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, Ocean Engineering, Endogeny, Receptor signaling, Biology, Unmet needs, Endocrinology, Sex steroid, Internal medicine, Gene expression, medicine, Transcription factor, Gene
Abstract

Background and Hypothesis: There is an unmet need for interventions that prevent bone loss induced by sex steroid deficiency. Loss of estrogens or androgens increases ROS in bone. We hypothesized that diets containing blueberries with antioxidant properties would protect from bone loss induced by sex steroid deficiency, depending on sex and on the expression of Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates the endogenous antioxidant response. Experimental Design: SHAM, ovariectomized (OVX), or orchidectomized (ORX) 4-month-old, wild type (WT) or Nrf2 knockout (KO) male and female mice were fed with control diet or diets containing 3 types of blueberries. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and microscopic computed tomography, respectively; and gene expression was quantified in bone RNA by quantitative PCR. Results: Control-fed OVX or ORX mice exhibited the expected BMD loss, to a similar extent, in WT and KO mice. One of the blueberry diets (Montgomery) prevented bone loss, totally in females and partially in males; and prevented ~50% of microarchitecture deterioration in ORX mice, independently of Nrf2 expression. OVX and ORX decreased expression of estrogen-response-element gene C3 or androgen-response-element gene Rhox5, respectively, in both WT and KO mice fed control or Montgomery diets, indicating that bone protection is not due to estrogenic/androgenic actions of the diet. Conclusion and Potential Impact: Montgomery diet prevented bone loss due to sex steroid deficiency fully in females and partially in males. Thus, optimal skeletal benefits might be achieved by tailoring antioxidant-rich diets to patients of either sex.

Published
2018

48. Control of Bone Anabolism in Response to Mechanical Loading and PTH by Distinct Mechanisms Downstream of the PTH Receptor

Author

Lilian I. Plotkin, Teresita Bellido, Kali Kuhlenschmidt, Gretel G Pellegrini, Rafael Pacheco-Costa, Jesus Delgado-Calle, Kevin McAndrews, Munro Peacock, Xiaolin Tu, Rachel Edwards, Alexander G. Robling, and Naomie Olivos

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Anabolism, Chemistry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Parathyroid hormone, DMP1, Bone resorption, Bone remodeling, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, Sclerostin, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Cortical bone, Cancellous bone
Abstract

Osteocytes integrate the responses of bone to mechanical and hormonal stimuli by poorly understood mechanisms. We report here that mice with conditional deletion of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor 1 (Pth1r) in dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1)-8kb-expressing cells (cKO) exhibit a modest decrease in bone resorption leading to a mild increase in cancellous bone without changes in cortical bone. However, bone resorption in response to endogenous chronic elevation of PTH in growing or adult cKO mice induced by a low calcium diet remained intact, because the increased bone remodeling and bone loss was indistinguishable from that exhibited by control littermates. In contrast, the bone gain and increased bone formation in cancellous and cortical bone induced by daily injections of PTH and the periosteal bone apposition induced by axial ulna loading were markedly reduced in cKO mice compared to controls. Remarkably, however, wild-type (WT) control littermates and transgenic mice overexpressing SOST injected daily with PTH exhibit similar activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, increased bone formation, and cancellous and cortical bone gain. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that Pth1r in DMP1-8kb-expressing cells is required to maintain basal levels of bone resorption but is dispensable for the catabolic action of chronic PTH elevation; and it is essential for the anabolic actions of daily PTH injections and mechanical loading. However, downregulation of Sost/sclerostin, previously shown to be required for bone anabolism induced by mechanical loading, is not required for PTH-induced bone gain, showing that other mechanisms downstream of the Pth1r in DMP1-8kb-expressing cells are responsible for the hormonal effect. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Published
2016

49. PTHrP-Derived Peptides Restore Bone Mass and Strength in Diabetic Mice: Additive Effect of Mechanical Loading

Author

Pedro Esbrit, Kevin McAndrews, Matthew R. Allen, Marta Maycas, Lilian I. Plotkin, Arancha R. Gortazar, Drew M. Brown, Gretel G. Pellegrini, Teresita Bellido, and Amy Y. Sato

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Parathyroid hormone-related protein, Chemistry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Wnt signaling pathway, Stimulation, medicine.disease, Streptozotocin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Apoptosis, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, medicine, Sclerostin, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Signal transduction, medicine.drug
Abstract

There is an unmet need to understand the mechanisms underlying skeletal deterioration in diabetes mellitus (DM) and to develop therapeutic approaches to treat bone fragility in diabetic patients. We demonstrate herein that mice with type 1 DM induced by streptozotocin exhibited low bone mass, inferior mechanical and material properties, increased bone resorption, decreased bone formation, increased apoptosis of osteocytes, and increased expression of the osteocyte-derived bone formation inhibitor Sost/sclerostin. Further, short treatment of diabetic mice with parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP)-derived peptides corrected these changes to levels undistinguishable from non-diabetic mice. In addition, diabetic mice exhibited reduced bone formation in response to mechanical stimulation, which was corrected by treatment with the PTHrP peptides, and higher prevalence of apoptotic osteocytes, which was reduced by loading or by the PTHrP peptides alone and reversed by a combination of loading and PTHrP peptide treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the PTHrP peptides or mechanical stimulation by fluid flow activated the survival kinases ERKs and induced nuclear translocation of the canonical Wnt signaling mediator β-catenin, and prevented the increase in osteocytic cell apoptosis induced by high glucose. Thus, PTHrP-derived peptides cross-talk with mechanical signaling pathways to reverse skeletal deterioration induced by DM in mice. These findings suggest a crucial role of osteocytes in the harmful effects of diabetes on bone and raise the possibility of targeting these cells as a novel approach to treat skeletal deterioration in diabetes. Moreover, our study suggests the potential therapeutic efficacy of combined pharmacological and mechanical stimuli to promote bone accrual and maintenance in diabetic subjects. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Published
2016

50. Sinus floor elevation using a new bovine bone grafting material: Case report

Author

Cintya P. Contreras Morales, Luis A. Corso, Miguel A. Pellegrini, Andrea S. Mattiuzzi, Gretel G. Pellegrini, Susana Noemi Zeni, and Elizabeth Arandia Osinaga

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Bovine bone, lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Grafting (decision trees), medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, lcsh:RC925-935, business, Sinus floor elevation, Surgery
Published
2020

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