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11. P80 natural essence spray and lozenges provide respiratory protection against Influenza A, B, and SARS-CoV-2

Author

Viktoria Zaderer, Gabriel Diem, Wilfried Posch, Thomas Jakschitz, Günther K. Bonn, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Lukas A. Huber, and Doris Wilflingseder

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, Influenza, Epithelial barrier model, Antiviral spray, Antiviral lozenges, P80, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Seasonally circulating viruses, such as Influenza, as well as newly emerging viruses and variants thereof, and waning immunity urge the need for safe, easy-to-use and inexpensive drugs to protect from these challenges. To prevent transmission of these viruses and subsequent excessive inflammatory reactions on mucous membranes, we tested the efficacy of the natural essence P80 as spray and in form of lozenges against respiratory infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs), influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B (Victoria). P80 natural essence, a Dimocarpus longan extract, shielded highly differentiated human airway epithelia from SARS-CoV-2 wildtype and Omicron variant as well as Influenza A and B infection and dampened inflammation by down-modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine and anaphylatoxin secretion. A single application of P80 natural essence spray maintained tissue integrity long-term. This also significantly reduced the release of infectious viral particles and the secretion of IP10, MCP1, RANTES and C3a, all of which mediate the migration of immune cells to the sites of infection. Even P80 lozenges dissolved in distilled water or non-neutralizing saliva efficiently prevented SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza-induced tissue destruction. Consequently, our in vitro data suggest that P80 natural essence can act as antiviral prophylactic, both in form of nasal or oral spray and in form of lozenges, independent of circulating respiratory challenges.

Published
2024
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16. GlyPerA™ effectively shields airway epithelia from SARS-CoV-2 infection and inflammatory events

Author

Viktoria Zaderer, Stefanie Dichtl, Wilfried Posch, Ivane Abiatari, Günther K. Bonn, Thomas Jakschitz, Lukas A. Huber, Teymuras V. Kurzchalia, and Doris Wilflingseder

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, Prophylaxis, Variants of concern, Antiviral, Transmission, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract New SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and waning immunity illustrate that quick and easy-to-use agents are needed to prevent infection. To protect from viral transmission and subsequent inflammatory reactions, we applied GlyperA™, a novel antimicrobial formulation that can be used as mouth gargling solution or as nasal spray, to highly differentiated human airway epithelia prior infection with Omicron VOCs BA.1 and BA.2. This formulation fully protected polarized human epithelium cultured in air–liquid interphase (ALI) from SARS-CoV-2-mediated tissue destruction and infection upon single application up to two days post infection. Moreover, inflammatory reactions induced by the Omicron VOCs were significantly lowered in tissue equivalents either pre-treated with the GlyperA™ solution, or even when added simultaneously. Thus, the GlyperA™ formulation significantly shielded epithelial integrity, successfully blocked infection with Omicron and release of viral particles, and decreased intracellular complement C3 activation within human airway epithelial cell cultures. Crucially, our in vitro data imply that GlyperA™ may be a simple tool to prevent from SARS-CoV-2 infection independent on the circulating variant via both, mouth and nose.

Published
2023
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35. Upscaling e-mental health in Europe: a six-country qualitative analysis and policy recommendations from the eMEN project

Author

Gaebel, Wolfgang, Lukies, R., Kerst, A., Stricker, J., Zielasek, J., Diekmann, S., Trost, N., Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, E., Bonroy, B., Cullen, K., Desie, K., Ewalds Mulliez, A. P., Gerlinger, G., Günther, K., Hiemstra, H. J., McDaid, S., Murphy, C., Sander, J., Sebbane, D., Roelandt, J. L., Thorpe, L., Topolska, D., Van Assche, E., Van Daele, T., Van den Broeck, L., Versluis, C., and Vlijter, O.

Published
2021
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37. EVAluation research based on data from routine clinical care 4 the MII (EVA4MII) - a consultancy platform for evaluation based research in the MII

Author

Günther, K, Ungethüm, K, Rücker, V, Pfaffenlehner, M, Behrens, M, Binder, N, Kesselmeier, M, Remo, F, Kleinert, P, Reese, JP, Binder, H, Scherag, A, Heuschmann, P, Günther, K, Ungethüm, K, Rücker, V, Pfaffenlehner, M, Behrens, M, Binder, N, Kesselmeier, M, Remo, F, Kleinert, P, Reese, JP, Binder, H, Scherag, A, and Heuschmann, P

Published
2024

38. Compositional clusters in the nasal microbiome as predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection - results from the German National Cohort (NAKO) study

Author

Kleine Bardenhorst, S, Six-Merker, J, Peters, A, Krist, L, Keil, T, Nimptsch, K, Pischon, T, Gastell, S, Schulze, MB, Wolters, M, Günther, K, Schikowski, T, Schmidt, B, Stang, A, Michels, KB, Klee, B, Mikolajczyk, R, Harth, V, Obi, N, Lange, B, Klett-Tammen, CJ, Lieb, W, Becher, H, Kaaks, R, Karch, A, Berger, K, Nauck, M, Khattak M, N, Baurecht, H, Leitzmann, M, Holleczek, B, Brenner, H, Kemmling, Y, Panreck, L, Vital, M, Rübsamen, N, Kleine Bardenhorst, S, Six-Merker, J, Peters, A, Krist, L, Keil, T, Nimptsch, K, Pischon, T, Gastell, S, Schulze, MB, Wolters, M, Günther, K, Schikowski, T, Schmidt, B, Stang, A, Michels, KB, Klee, B, Mikolajczyk, R, Harth, V, Obi, N, Lange, B, Klett-Tammen, CJ, Lieb, W, Becher, H, Kaaks, R, Karch, A, Berger, K, Nauck, M, Khattak M, N, Baurecht, H, Leitzmann, M, Holleczek, B, Brenner, H, Kemmling, Y, Panreck, L, Vital, M, and Rübsamen, N

Published
2024

40. Sex differences in cardiovascular risk in relation to socioeconomic position in the NAKO study

Author

Moreno, I, Peters, S, Dragano, N, Greiser, KH, Doerr, M, Fischer, B, Berger, K, Hannemann, A, Schnabel, R, Nauck, M, goettlicher, s, Peters, A, Rospleszcz, S, Willich, SN, Krist, L, Schulze, MB, Gastell, S, Brand, T, Günther, K, Schikowski, T, Emmel, C, Schmidt, B, Michels, KB, Mikolajczyk, R, Kluttig, A, Harth, V, Obi, N, Castell, S, Klett-Tammen, CJ, Lieb, W, Becher, H, Winkler, V, Minnerup, H, Karch, A, Meinke-Franze, C, Leitzmann, MF, Stein, MJ, Bohn, B, Schoettker, B, trares, K, Pischon, T, Moreno, I, Peters, S, Dragano, N, Greiser, KH, Doerr, M, Fischer, B, Berger, K, Hannemann, A, Schnabel, R, Nauck, M, goettlicher, s, Peters, A, Rospleszcz, S, Willich, SN, Krist, L, Schulze, MB, Gastell, S, Brand, T, Günther, K, Schikowski, T, Emmel, C, Schmidt, B, Michels, KB, Mikolajczyk, R, Kluttig, A, Harth, V, Obi, N, Castell, S, Klett-Tammen, CJ, Lieb, W, Becher, H, Winkler, V, Minnerup, H, Karch, A, Meinke-Franze, C, Leitzmann, MF, Stein, MJ, Bohn, B, Schoettker, B, trares, K, and Pischon, T

Published
2024

41. Zur Frage der Erosionssicherheit unterströmter Erdstaudämme

Author

Günther, K. and Günther, K.

Abstract

In zunehmendem Umfang werden heute hohe Erdstaudämme auf mächtigen alluvialen Ablagerungen geschüttet. Häufig muß dabei auf eine völlige Abriegelung des Dammuntergrundes verzichtet werden, weil kein ausreichend mächtiger und dichter Horizont im Untergrund vorhanden ist oder dieser zu tief unter der Dammsohle liegt. Obwohl die Standsicherheit und die wirtschaftliche Bemessung solcher Dämme in entscheidendem Umfang von der richtigen Einschätzung ihrer Erosionssicherheit abhängig sind, herrschen in der Literatur immer noch grundsätzliche Meinungsverschiedenheiten über die Beurteilung der Erosionssicherheit unterströmter Erdstaudämme vor. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden deshalb die verschiedenen Verfahren zur Beurteilung der Erosionssicherheit eines Dammes auf ihre Anwendbarkeitsgrenzen hin untersucht und einem kritischen Vergleich unterzogen.

Published
2024

42. The 10,000-year biocultural history of fallow deer and its implications for conservation policy

Author

Baker, Karis H., Miller, Holly, Doherty, Sean, Gray, Howard W. I., Daujat, Julie, Çakırlar, Canan, Spassov, Nikolai, Trantalidou, Katerina, Madgwick, Richard, Lamb, Angela L., Ameen, Carly, Atici, Levent, Baker, Polydora, Beglane, Fiona, Benkert, Helene, Bendrey, Robin, Binois-Roman, Annelise, Carden, Ruth F., Curci, Antonio, De Cupere, Bea, Detry, Cleia, Gál, Erika, Genies, Chloé, Kunst, Günther K., Liddiard, Robert, Nicholson, Rebecca, Perdikaris, Sophia, Peters, Joris, Pigière, Fabienne, Pluskowski, Aleksander G., Sadler, Peta, Sicard, Sandra, Strid, Lena, Sudds, Jack, Symmons, Robert, Tardio, Katie, Valenzuela, Alejandro, van Veen, Monique, Vuković, Sonja, Weinstock, Jaco, Wilkens, Barbara, Wilson, Roger J. A., Evans, Jane A., Hoelzel, A. Rus, Sykes, Naomi, Baker, Karis H., Miller, Holly, Doherty, Sean, Gray, Howard W. I., Daujat, Julie, Çakırlar, Canan, Spassov, Nikolai, Trantalidou, Katerina, Madgwick, Richard, Lamb, Angela L., Ameen, Carly, Atici, Levent, Baker, Polydora, Beglane, Fiona, Benkert, Helene, Bendrey, Robin, Binois-Roman, Annelise, Carden, Ruth F., Curci, Antonio, De Cupere, Bea, Detry, Cleia, Gál, Erika, Genies, Chloé, Kunst, Günther K., Liddiard, Robert, Nicholson, Rebecca, Perdikaris, Sophia, Peters, Joris, Pigière, Fabienne, Pluskowski, Aleksander G., Sadler, Peta, Sicard, Sandra, Strid, Lena, Sudds, Jack, Symmons, Robert, Tardio, Katie, Valenzuela, Alejandro, van Veen, Monique, Vuković, Sonja, Weinstock, Jaco, Wilkens, Barbara, Wilson, Roger J. A., Evans, Jane A., Hoelzel, A. Rus, and Sykes, Naomi

Abstract

Over the last 10,000 y, humans have manipulated fallow deer populations with varying outcomes. Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) are now endangered. European fallow deer (Dama dama) are globally widespread and are simultaneously considered wild, domestic, endangered, invasive and are even the national animal of Barbuda and Antigua. Despite their close association with people, there is no consensus regarding their natural ranges or the timing and circumstances of their human-mediated translocations and extirpations. Our mitochondrial analyses of modern and archaeological specimens revealed two distinct clades of European fallow deer present in Anatolia and the Balkans. Zooarchaeological evidence suggests these regions were their sole glacial refugia. By combining biomolecular analyses with archaeological and textual evidence, we chart the declining distribution of Persian fallow deer and demonstrate that humans repeatedly translocated European fallow deer, sourced from the most geographically distant populations. Deer taken to Neolithic Chios and Rhodes derived not from nearby Anatolia, but from the Balkans. Though fallow deer were translocated throughout the Mediterranean as part of their association with the Greco-Roman goddesses Artemis and Diana, deer taken to Roman Mallorca were not locally available Dama dama, but Dama mesopotamica. Romans also initially introduced fallow deer to Northern Europe but the species became extinct and was reintroduced in the medieval period, this time from Anatolia. European colonial powers then transported deer populations across the globe. The biocultural histories of fallow deer challenge preconceptions about the divisions between wild and domestic species and provide information that should underpin modern management strategies.

Published
2024

43. The 10,000-year biocultural history of fallow deer and its implications for conservation policy

Author

Arts and Humanities Research Council (UK), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, Valenzuela, Alejandro [0000-0001-6120-6246], Baker, Karis H., Miller, Holly, Doherty, Sean, Gray, Howard W. I., Daujat, Julie, Çakırlar, Canan, Spassov, Nikolai, Trantalidou, Katerina, Madgwick, Richard, Lamb, Angela L., Ameen, Carly, Atici, Levent, Baker, Polydora, Beglane, Fiona, Benkert, Helene, Bendrey, Robin, Binois-Roman, Annelise, Carden, Ruth F., Curci, Antonio, De Cupere, Bea, Detry, Cleia, Gál, Erika, Genies, Chloé, Kunst, Günther K., Liddiard, Robert, Nicholson, Rebecca, Perdikaris, Sophia, Peters, Joris, Pigière, Fabienne, Pluskowski, Aleksander G., Sadler, Peta, Sicard, Sandra, Strid, Lena, Sudds, Jack, Symmons, Robert, Tardio, Katie, Valenzuela, Alejandro, van Veen, Monique, Vuković, Sonja, Weinstock, Jaco, Wilkens, Barbara, Wilson, Roger J. A., Evans, Jane A., Hoelzel, A. Rus, Sykes, Naomi, Arts and Humanities Research Council (UK), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, Valenzuela, Alejandro [0000-0001-6120-6246], Baker, Karis H., Miller, Holly, Doherty, Sean, Gray, Howard W. I., Daujat, Julie, Çakırlar, Canan, Spassov, Nikolai, Trantalidou, Katerina, Madgwick, Richard, Lamb, Angela L., Ameen, Carly, Atici, Levent, Baker, Polydora, Beglane, Fiona, Benkert, Helene, Bendrey, Robin, Binois-Roman, Annelise, Carden, Ruth F., Curci, Antonio, De Cupere, Bea, Detry, Cleia, Gál, Erika, Genies, Chloé, Kunst, Günther K., Liddiard, Robert, Nicholson, Rebecca, Perdikaris, Sophia, Peters, Joris, Pigière, Fabienne, Pluskowski, Aleksander G., Sadler, Peta, Sicard, Sandra, Strid, Lena, Sudds, Jack, Symmons, Robert, Tardio, Katie, Valenzuela, Alejandro, van Veen, Monique, Vuković, Sonja, Weinstock, Jaco, Wilkens, Barbara, Wilson, Roger J. A., Evans, Jane A., Hoelzel, A. Rus, and Sykes, Naomi

Abstract

Over the last 10,000 y, humans have manipulated fallow deer populations with varying outcomes. Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) are now endangered. European fallow deer (Dama dama) are globally widespread and are simultaneously considered wild, domestic, endangered, invasive and are even the national animal of Barbuda and Antigua. Despite their close association with people, there is no consensus regarding their natural ranges or the timing and circumstances of their human-mediated translocations and extirpations. Our mitochondrial analyses of modern and archaeological specimens revealed two distinct clades of European fallow deer present in Anatolia and the Balkans. Zooarchaeological evidence suggests these regions were their sole glacial refugia. By combining biomolecular analyses with archaeological and textual evidence, we chart the declining distribution of Persian fallow deer and demonstrate that humans repeatedly translocated European fallow deer, sourced from the most geographically distant populations. Deer taken to Neolithic Chios and Rhodes derived not from nearby Anatolia, but from the Balkans. Though fallow deer were translocated throughout the Mediterranean as part of their association with the Greco-Roman goddesses Artemis and Diana, deer taken to Roman Mallorca were not locally available Dama dama, but Dama mesopotamica. Romans also initially introduced fallow deer to Northern Europe but the species became extinct and was reintroduced in the medieval period, this time from Anatolia. European colonial powers then transported deer populations across the globe. The biocultural histories of fallow deer challenge preconceptions about the divisions between wild and domestic species and provide information that should underpin modern management strategies.

Published
2024

44. Zur Frage der Erosionssicherheit unterströmter Erdstaudämme

Author

Breth, H., Günther, K., Breth, H., and Günther, K.

Abstract

In zunehmendem Umfang werden heute hohe Erdstaudämme auf mächtigen alluvialen Ablagerungen geschüttet. Häufig muß dabei auf eine völlige Abriegelung des Dammuntergrundes verzichtet werden, weil kein ausreichend mächtiger und dichter Horizont im Untergrund vorhanden ist oder dieser zu tief unter der Dammsohle liegt. Obwohl die Standsicherheit und die wirtschaftliche Bemessung solcher Dämme in entscheidendem Umfang von der richtigen Einschätzung ihrer Erosionssicherheit abhängig sind, herrschen in der Literatur immer noch grundsätzliche Meinungsverschiedenheiten über die Beurteilung der Erosionssicherheit unterströmter Erdstaudämme vor. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden deshalb die verschiedenen Verfahren zur Beurteilung der Erosionssicherheit eines Dammes auf ihre Anwendbarkeitsgrenzen hin untersucht und einem kritischen Vergleich unterzogen.

Published
2024

45. Quantification of Health Claim-Relevant Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol after Direct Hydrolysis Improves Customer Understanding and Mitigates Market Distortion

Author

Alex Mair, Martin Fischnaller, Oliver M. D. Lutz, Danilo Corradini, Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis, Panagiotis Stathopoulos, Thomas A. E. Jakschitz, Matthias Rainer, and Günther K. Bonn

Subjects
olive oil, hydrolysis, health claim, phenols, bioactive, analysis, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The EFSA-approved claim that olive oil is beneficial for cardiovascular health suffers from ambiguities that lead to a vague and potentially subjective interpretation of the underlying analytical data. Misunderstandings among customers, but also market distortions are possible consequences. In this study, a rapid and simple analytical technique is presented that circumvents the ambiguity by measuring levels of putative health-promoting compounds as the equivalent of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, cleaving such moieties from more complex constituents such as oleuropein and oleocanthal. Since the direct hydrolysis of the olive oil is the central element of the process, the reaction temperature, time, reagent concentration and reagent type were optimized. In addition, the influence of co-solvents, which might support the intermittent miscibility of the two phases during hydrolysis, was investigated. The analytical and economic implications are discussed particularly in the context of a commonly used technique.

Published
2023
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