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199 results on '"Günthard, H F."'

1. Time Trends in Causes of Death in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Insights From the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Author: Weber, M S R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-7655, Duran Ramirez, J J; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6657-0688, Hentzien, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2729-9420, Cavassini, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-7833, Bernasconi, E; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-8373, Hofmann, E; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-2438, Furrer, H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-3146, Kovari, H; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4896-4231, Stöckle, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-5078, Schmid, P, Haerry, D, Braun, D L; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4036-1030, Günthard, H F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-6723, Kusejko, K; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-1940, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Aebi-Popp, K, Anagnostopoulos, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Furrer, H, et al, Weber, M S R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-7655, Duran Ramirez, J J; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6657-0688, Hentzien, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2729-9420, Cavassini, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-7833, Bernasconi, E; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-8373, Hofmann, E; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-2438, Furrer, H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-3146, Kovari, H; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4896-4231, Stöckle, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-5078, Schmid, P, Haerry, D, Braun, D L; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4036-1030, Günthard, H F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-6723, Kusejko, K; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-1940, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Aebi-Popp, K, Anagnostopoulos, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Furrer, H, and et al
Abstract: Background Advancements in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care have led to a decline in AIDS-related deaths among people with HIV (PWH) in Switzerland. However, data on the ongoing changes in causes of death among PWH over the past 15 years are scarce. Methods We investigated all reported deaths in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 2005 and 2022. Causes of death were categorized using the Coding Causes of Death in HIV protocol. The statistical analysis included demographic stratification to identify time trends and logistic regression models to determine associated factors for the underlying cause of death. Results In total, 1630 deaths were reported, with 23.7% of individuals assigned female sex at birth. These deaths included 147 (9.0%) HIV/AIDS-related deaths, 373 (22.9%) due to non-AIDS, non-hepatic cancers, 166 (10.2%) liver-related deaths, and 158 (9.7%) cardiovascular-related deaths. The median age at death (interquartile range) increased from 45.0 (40.0–53.0) years in 2005–2007 to 61.0 (56.0–69.5) years in 2020–2022. HIV/AIDS- and liver-related deaths decreased, whereas deaths from non-AIDS, non-hepatic cancers increased and cardiovascular-related deaths remained relatively stable. Conclusions The proportionally decreasing HIV/AIDS and liver-related deaths showcase the effectiveness of ART, comprehensive HIV patient care, and interventions targeting hepatitis C virus coinfection. Future research should focus on managing cancer and cardiovascular-related conditions as the new leading causes of death among PWH. Comprehensive healthcare strategies focusing on non–AIDS-related comorbid conditions, cancer management, and sustaining liver and cardiovascular health are needed to bridge the ongoing health disparities between PWH and the general population.
Published: 2024

2. Trends in mortality in people with HIV from 1999 to 2020: a multi-cohort collaboration

Author: Tusch, E, Ryom, L, Pelchen-Matthews, A, Mocroft, A, Elbirt, D, Oprea, C, Günthard, H, Staehelin, C, Zangerle, R, Suarez, I, Vehreschild, J, Wit, F, Menozzi, M, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Spagnuolo, V, Pradier, C, Carlander, C, Suanzes, P, Wasmuth, J, Carr, A, Petoumenos, K, Borgans, F, Bonnet, F, De Wit, S, El-Sadr, W, Neesgaard, B, Jaschinski, N, Greenberg, L, Hosein, S, Gallant, J, Vannappagari, V, Young, L, Sabin, C, Lundgren, J, Peters, L, Reekie, J, Calvo, G, Dabis, F, Kirk, O, Law, M, Monforte, A, Morfeldt, L, Reiss, P, Weber, R, Lind-Thomsen, A, Brandt, R, Hillebreght, M, Zaheri, S, Scherrer, A, Schöni-Affolter, F, Rickenbach, M, Tavelli, A, Fanti, I, Leleux, O, Mourali, J, Marec, F, Boerg, E, Thulin, E, Sundström, A, Bartsch, G, Thompsen, G, Necsoi, C, Delforge, M, Fontas, E, Caissotti, C, Dollet, K, Mateu, S, Torres, F, Blance, A, Huang, R, Puhr, R, Laut, K, Kristensen, D, Phillips, A, Kamara, D, Smith, C, Hatleberg, C, Raben, D, Matthews, C, Bojesen, A, Grevsen, A, Powderly, B, Shortman, N, Moecklinghoff, C, Reilly, G, Franquet, X, Smit, C, Ross, M, Fux, C, Morlat, P, Friis-Møller, N, Kowalska, J, Bohlius, J, Bower, M, Fätkenheuer, G, Grulich, A, Sjøl, A, Meidahl, P, Iversen, J, Reiss, C, Hillebregt, M, Prins, J, Kuijpers, T, Scherpbier, H, van der Meer, J, Godfried, M, van der Poll, T, Nellen, F, Geerlings, S, van Vugt, M, Pajkrt, D, Bos, J, Wiersinga, W, van der Valk, M, Goorhuis, A, Hovius, J, van Eden, J, Henderiks, A, van Hes, A, Mutschelknauss, M, Nobel, H, Pijnappel, F, Jurriaans, S, Back, N, Zaaijer, H, Berkhout, B, Cornelissen, M, Schinkel, C, Thomas, X, Ziekenhuis, A, van den Berge, M, Stegeman, A, Baas, S, de Looff, L, Versteeg, D, Ziekenhuis, C, Pronk, M, Ammerlaan, H, De Munnik, E, Jansz, A, Tjhie, J, Wegdam, M, Deiman, B, Scharnhorst, V, van der Plas, A, Weijsenfeld, A, van der Ende, M, De Vries-Sluijs, T, van Gorp, E, Schurink, C, Nouwen, J, Verbon, A, Rijnders, B, Bax, H, van der Feltz, M, Bassant, N, van Beek, J, Vriesde, M, van Zonneveld, L, de Oude-Lubbers, A, van den Berg-Cameron, H, Bruinsma-Broekman, F, de Groot, J, de Man, M, Boucher, C, Koopmans, M, van Kampen, J, Pas, S, Mc–sophia, E, Driessen, G, van Rossum, A, van der Knaap, L, Visser, E, Branger, J, Rijkeboer-Mes, A, de Ven, C, Ziekenhuis, H, Schippers, E, van Nieuwkoop, C, van IJperen, J, Geilings, J, van der Hut, G, Franck, P, van Eeden, A, Brokking, W, Groot, M, Elsenburg, L, Damen, M, Kwa, I, Groeneveld, P, Bouwhuis, J, van den Berg, J, van Hulzen, A, van der Bliek, G, Bor, P, Bloembergen, P, Wolfhagen, M, Ruijs, G, Kroon, F, de Boer, M, Bauer, M, Jolink, H, Vollaard, A, Dorama, W, van Holten, N, Claas, E, Wessels, E, den Hollander, J, Pogany, K, Roukens, A, Kastelijns, M, Smit, J, Smit, E, Struik-Kalkman, D, Tearno, C, Bezemer, M, van Niekerk, T, Pontesilli, O, Lowe, S, Lashof, A, Posthouwer, D, Ackens, R, Schippers, J, Vergoossen, R, Weijenberg-Maes, B, van Loo, I, Havenith, T, Leyten, E, Gelinck, L, van Hartingsveld, A, Meerkerk, C, Wildenbeest, G, Mutsaers, J, Jansen, C, Mulder, J, Vrouenraets, S, Lauw, F, van Broekhuizen, M, Paap, H, Vlasblom, D, Smits, P, Zuiderzee, M, Weijer, S, El Moussaoui, R, Bosma, A, van Vonderen, M, van Houte, D, Kampschreur, L, Dijkstra, K, Faber, S, Weel, J, Kootstra, G, Delsing, C, van der Burg-van de Plas, M, Heins, H, Lucas, E, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Stuart, J, Diederen, B, Pronk, D, van Truijen-Oud, F, van der Reijden, W, Jansen, R, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, G, Blok, W, Frissen, P, Lettinga, K, Schouten, W, Veenstra, J, Brouwer, C, Geerders, G, Hoeksema, K, Kleene, M, van der Meché, I, Spelbrink, M, Sulman, H, Toonen, A, Wijnands, S, Kwa, D, Witte, E, Koopmans, P, Keuter, M, van der Ven, A, ter Hofstede, H, Dofferhoff, A, van Crevel, R, Albers, M, Bosch, M, Grintjes-Huisman, K, Zomer, B, Stelma, F, Rahamat-Langendoen, J, Burger, D, Richter, C, Gisolf, E, Hassing, R, ter Beest, G, van Bentum, P, Langebeek, N, Tiemessen, R, Swanink, C, van Lelyveld, S, Soetekouw, R, Hulshoff, N, van der Prijt, L, van der Swaluw, J, Bermon, N, Herpers, B, Veenendaal, D, Verhagen, D, van Wijk, M, Ziekenhuis, S, van Kasteren, M, Brouwer, A, de Wiel, B, Kuipers, M, Santegoets, R, van der Ven, B, Marcelis, J, Buiting, A, Kabel, P, Bierman, W, Scholvinck, H, Wilting, K, Stienstra, Y, Jonge, H, van der Meulen, P, de Weerd, D, Ludwig-Roukema, J, Niesters, H, Riezebos-Brilman, A, van Leer-Buter, C, Knoester, M, Hoepelman, A, Mudrikova, T, Ellerbroek, P, Oosterheert, J, Arends, J, Barth, R, Wassenberg, M, Schadd, E, van Elst-Laurijssen, D, van Oers-Hazelzet, E, Vervoort, S, van Berkel, M, Schuurman, R, Verduyn-Lunel, F, Wensing, A, Peters, E, van Agtmael, M, Bomers, M, de Vocht, J, Heitmuller, M, Laan, L, Pettersson, A, Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C, Ang, C, Kinderziekenhuis, W, Geelen, S, Wolfs, T, Bont, L, Nauta, N, Bezemer, D, van Sighem, A, Boender, T, de Jong, A, Bergsma, D, Hoekstra, P, de Lang, A, Grivell, S, Jansen, A, Rademaker, M, Raethke, M, Meijering, R, Schnörr, S, de Groot, L, van den Akker, M, Bakker, Y, Claessen, E, El Berkaoui, A, Koops, J, Kruijne, E, Lodewijk, C, Munjishvili, L, Peeck, B, Ree, C, Regtop, R, Ruijs, Y, Rutkens, T, van de Sande, L, Schoorl, M, Timmerman, A, Tuijn, E, Veenenberg, L, van der Vliet, S, Wisse, A, Woudstra, T, Tuk, B, Dupon, M, Gaborieau, V, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Mercié, P, Neau, D, Pellegrin, J, Tchamgoué, S, Lazaro, E, Cazanave, C, Vandenhende, M, Vareil, M, Gérard, Y, Blanco, P, Bouchet, S, Breilh, D, Fleury, H, Pellegrin, I, Chêne, G, Thiébaut, R, Wittkop, L, Lawson-Ayayi, S, Gimbert, A, Desjardin, S, Lacaze-Buzy, L, Petrov-Sanchez, V, André, K, Bernard, N, Caubet, O, Caunegre, L, Chossat, I, Courtault, C, Dauchy, F, De Witte, S, Dondia, D, Duffau, P, Dutronc, H, Farbos, S, Faure, I, Ferrand, H, Gerard, Y, Greib, C, Hessamfar, M, Imbert, Y, Lataste, P, Marie, J, Mechain, M, Monlun, E, Ochoa, A, Pistone, T, Raymond, I, Receveur, M, Rispal, P, Sorin, L, Valette, C, Viallard, J, Wille, H, Wirth, G, Lafon, M, Trimoulet, P, Bellecave, P, Tumiotto, C, Haramburu, F, Miremeont-Salamé, G, Blaizeau, M, Decoin, M, Hannapier, C, Lenaud, E, Pougetoux, A, Delveaux, S, D’Ivernois, C, Diarra, F, Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Conte, V, Sapparrart, V, Law, C, Moore, R, Edwards, S, Hoy, J, Watson, K, Roth, N, Lau, H, Bloch, M, Baker, D, Cooper, D, O’Sullivan, M, Nolan, D, Guelfi, G, Calvo, C, Domingo, P, Sambeat, M, Gatell, J, Del Cacho, E, Cadafalch, J, Fuster, M, Codina, C, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, Gennotte, A, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Martin, C, Payen, M, Semaille, P, Van Laethem, Y, Neaton, C, Krum, E, Thompson, G, Wentworth, D, Luskin-Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Abrams, D, Cohn, D, Markowitz, N, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Crane, L, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Gazzard, B, Horban, A, Karpov, I, Losso, M, Pedersen, C, Ristola, M, Rockstroh, J, Fischer, A, Larsen, J, Podlekareva, D, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Shepherd, L, Schultze, A, Amele, S, Kundro, M, Schmied, B, Wien, P, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, V, Paduto, D, Florence, E, Vandekerckhove, L, Hadziosmanovic, V, Begovac, J, Machala, L, Jilich, D, Sedlacek, D, Kronborg, G, Benfield, T, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Møller, N, Ostergaard, L, Wiese, L, Nielsen, L, Zilmer, K, Smidt, J, Siseklinik, N, Aho, I, Viard, J, Duvivier, C, Schmidt, R, Degen, O, Stellbrink, H, Stefan, C, Goethe, J, Bogner, J, Chkhartishvili, N, Gargalianos, P, Xylomenos, G, Armenis, K, Sambatakou, H, Szlávik, J, Gottfredsson, M, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Shahar, E, Hassoun, G, Elinav, H, Haouzi, M, Sthoeger, Z, Esposito, R, Mazeu, I, Mussini, C, Mazzotta, F, Gabbuti, A, Annunziata, O, Vullo, V, Lichtner, M, Zaccarelli, M, Antinori, A, Acinapura, R, Plazzi, M, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Gianotti, N, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Uzdaviniene, V, Matulionyte, R, Staub, T, Hemmer, R, Ormaasen, V, Maeland, A, Bruun, J, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Inglot, M, Bakowska, E, Flisiak, R, Grzeszczuk, A, Parczewski, M, Maciejewska, K, Aksak-Was, B, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Smiatacz, T, Gensing, M, Jablonowska, E, Malolepsza, E, Wojcik, K, Mozer-Lisewska, I, Caldeira, L, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Radoi, R, Panteleev, A, Panteleev, O, Yakovlev, A, Trofimora, T, Khromova, I, Kuzovatova, E, Blokhina, I, Novogrod, N, Borodulina, E, Vdoushkina, E, Jevtovic, D, Tomazic, J, Miró, J, Moreno, S, Rodriguez, J, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Paredes, R, Tural, C, Puig, J, Bravo, I, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Laporte, J, Sonnerborg, A, Brännström, I, Flamholc, L, Cavassini, M, Calmy, A, Furrer, H, Battegay, M, Schmid, P, Kuznetsova, A, Kyselyova, G, Sluzhynska, M, Johnson, A, Simons, E, Johnson, M, Orkin, C, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Clarke, A, Leen, C, Morfeldt, C, Thulin, G, Åkerlund, B, Koppel, K, Karlsson, A, Håkangård, C, Castelli, F, Cauda, R, Perri, G, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Marchetti, G, Perno, C, von Schloesser, F, Viale, P, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Girardi, E, Caputo, S, Puoti, M, Andreoni, M, Ammassari, A, Balotta, C, Bandera, A, Bonfanti, P, Bonora, S, Borderi, M, Calcagno, A, Calza, L, Capobianchi, M, Cingolani, A, Cinque, P, De Luca, A, Biagio, A, Gori, A, Guaraldi, G, Lapadula, G, Madeddu, G, Maggiolo, F, Marcotullio, S, Monno, L, Nozza, S, Roldan, E, Rossotti, R, Rusconi, S, Santoro, M, Saracino, A, Galli, L, Lorenzini, P, Rodano, A, Shanyinde, M, Carletti, F, Carrara, S, Caro, A, Graziano, S, Petrone, F, Prota, G, Quartu, S, Truffa, S, Giacometti, A, Costantini, A, Barocci, V, Angarano, G, Santoro, C, Suardi, C, Donati, V, Verucchi, G, Minardi, C, Quirino, T, Abeli, C, Manconi, P, Piano, P, Cacopardo, B, Celesia, B, Vecchiet, J, Falasca, K, Pan, A, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Segala, D, Vichi, F, Cassola, G, Viscoli, C, Alessandrini, A, Bobbio, N, Mazzarello, G, Mastroianni, C, Belvisi, V, Caramma, I, Chiodera, A, Milini, P, Rizzardini, G, Moioli, M, Piolini, R, Salpietro, S, Tincati, C, Puzzolante, C, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Borgia, G, Orlando, R, Bonadies, G, Martino, F, Gentile, I, Maddaloni, L, Cattelan, A, Marinello, S, Cascio, A, Colomba, C, Baldelli, F, Schiaroli, E, Parruti, G, Sozio, F, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Cristaudo, A, Baldin, G, Capozzi, M, Cicalini, S, Sulekova, L, Iaiani, G, Latini, A, Mastrorosa, I, Savinelli, S, Vergori, A, Cecchetto, M, Viviani, F, Bagella, P, Rossetti, B, Franco, A, Del Vecchio, R, Francisci, D, Giuli, C, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Bassetti, M, Londero, A, Pellizzer, G, Manfrin, V, Starnini, G, Ialungo, A, Central, C, Dellamonica, P, Bernard, E, Courjon, J, Cua, E, De Salvador-Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Etienne, C, Ferrando, S, Mondain-Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost-Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rio, V, Risso, K, Roger, P, Aubert, V, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, D, Bucher, H, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, R, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, de Tejada, B, Marzolini, C, Metzner, K, Müller, N, Nicca, D, Pantaleo, G, Paioni, P, Rauch, A, Rudin, C, Speck, R, Stöckle, M, Tarr, P, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Wandeler, G, Yerly, S, Valk, M, Hutchinson, J, Rupasinghe, D, Han, W, Appoyer, H, Vera, J, Broster, B, Barbour, L, Carney, D, Greenland, L, Coughlan, R, Saint-Pierre, C, Stephan, C, Bucht, M, Chokoshvili, O, Borghi, V, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Lampe, F, Burns, F, Chaloner, C, Muccini, C, Lolatto, R, Sönnerborg, A, Nowak, P, Vesterbacka, J, Mattsson, L, Carrick, D, Stigsäter, K, Kusejko, K, Schulze, N, Franke, B, Rooney, J, Mcnicholl, I, Garges, H, Campo, R, Volny-Anne, A, Dedes, N, Williams, E, Bruguera, A, Volny-Anne, R, Mendão, L, Timiryasova, A, Fursa, O, Jakobsen, M, Kraef, C, Gardizi, M, Andersen, K, Kumar, L, Elsing, T, Shahi, S, Valdenmaiier, O, Bansi-Matharu, L, Byonanebye, D, Bannister, W, Roen, A, Null, N, Tusch, Erich, Ryom, Lene, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mocroft, Amanda, Elbirt, Daniel, Oprea, Cristiana, Günthard, Huldrych F, Staehelin, Cornelia, Zangerle, Robert, Suarez, Isabelle, Vehreschild, Jörg Janne, Wit, Ferdinand, Menozzi, Marianna, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Spagnuolo, Vincenzo, Pradier, Christian, Carlander, Christina, Suanzes, Paula, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, Carr, Andrew, Petoumenos, Kathy, Borgans, Frauke, Bonnet, Fabrice, De Wit, Stephane, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Neesgaard, Bastian, Jaschinski, Nadine, Greenberg, Lauren, Hosein, Sean R, Gallant, Joel, Vannappagari, Vani, Young, Lital, Sabin, Caroline, Lundgren, Jens, Peters, Lars, Reekie, Joanne, Monforte, A d’Arminio, Brandt, R Salbøl, Wit, F W N M, Marec, F Le, Laut, K Grønborg, Sabin, C A, Phillips, A N, Kamara, D A, Smith, C J, Hatleberg, C I, Brandt, R S, Grevsen, A L, Lundgren, J D, Fux, C A, Monforte, A d'Arminio, Iversen, J S, Reiss, Central P, Prins, J M, Kuijpers, T W, Scherpbier, H J, van der Meer, J T M, Godfried, M H, Nellen, F J B, Geerlings, S E, Bos, J C, Wiersinga, W J, Hovius, J W, van Hes, A M H, Nobel, H E, Pijnappel, F J J, Back, N K T, Zaaijer, H L, Cornelissen, M T E, Schinkel, C J, Thomas, X V, Ziekenhuis, Admiraal De Ruyter, de Looff, L Hage, Ziekenhuis, Catharina, Pronk, M J H, Ammerlaan, H S M, De Munnik, E S, Jansz, A R, Wegdam, M C A, Weijsenfeld, A M, van der Ende, M E, De Vries-Sluijs, T E M S, van Gorp, E C M, Schurink, C A M, Nouwen, J L, Rijnders, B J A, Bax, H I, van Beek, J E A, van Zonneveld, L M, van den Berg-Cameron, H J, Bruinsma-Broekman, F B, de Man, M de Zeeuw, Boucher, C A B, Koopmans, M P G, van Kampen, J J A, Pas, S D, MC–Sophia, Erasmus, Driessen, G J A, van Rossum, A M C, van der Knaap, L C, de Ven, C J H M Duijf-van, Ziekenhuis, Haga, Schippers, E F, van IJperen, J M, Franck, P F H, Elsenburg, L J M, Kwa, I S, Groeneveld, P H P, Bouwhuis, J W, van den Berg, J F, van Hulzen, A G W, van der Bliek, G L, Bor, P C J, Wolfhagen, M J H M, Ruijs, G J H M, Kroon, F P, de Boer, M G J, Bauer, M P, Vollaard, A M, Claas, E C J, den Hollander, J 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Maddaloni, L, Cattelan, A, Marinello, S, Cascio, A, Colomba, C, Baldelli, F, Schiaroli, E, Parruti, G, Sozio, F, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Cristaudo, A, Baldin, G, Capozzi, M, Cicalini, S, Sulekova, L, Iaiani, G, Latini, A, Mastrorosa, I, Savinelli, S, Vergori, A, Cecchetto, M, Viviani, F, Bagella, P, Rossetti, B, Franco, A, Del Vecchio, R, Francisci, D, Giuli, C, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Bassetti, M, Londero, A, Pellizzer, G, Manfrin, V, Starnini, G, Ialungo, A, Central, C, Dellamonica, P, Bernard, E, Courjon, J, Cua, E, De Salvador-Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Etienne, C, Ferrando, S, Mondain-Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost-Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rio, V, Risso, K, Roger, P, Aubert, V, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, D, Bucher, H, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, R, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, de Tejada, B, Marzolini, C, Metzner, K, Müller, N, Nicca, D, Pantaleo, G, Paioni, P, Rauch, A, Rudin, C, Speck, R, Stöckle, M, Tarr, P, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Wandeler, G, Yerly, S, Valk, M, Hutchinson, J, Rupasinghe, D, Han, W, Appoyer, H, Vera, J, Broster, B, Barbour, L, Carney, D, Greenland, L, Coughlan, R, Saint-Pierre, C, Stephan, C, Bucht, M, Chokoshvili, O, Borghi, V, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Lampe, F, Burns, F, Chaloner, C, Muccini, C, Lolatto, R, Sönnerborg, A, Nowak, P, Vesterbacka, J, Mattsson, L, Carrick, D, Stigsäter, K, Kusejko, K, Schulze, N, Franke, B, Rooney, J, Mcnicholl, I, Garges, H, Campo, R, Volny-Anne, A, Dedes, N, Williams, E, Bruguera, A, Volny-Anne, R, Mendão, L, Timiryasova, A, Fursa, O, Jakobsen, M, Kraef, C, Gardizi, M, Andersen, K, Kumar, L, Elsing, T, Shahi, S, Valdenmaiier, O, Bansi-Matharu, L, Byonanebye, D, Bannister, W, Roen, A, Null, N, Tusch, Erich, Ryom, Lene, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mocroft, Amanda, Elbirt, Daniel, Oprea, Cristiana, Günthard, Huldrych F, Staehelin, Cornelia, Zangerle, Robert, Suarez, Isabelle, Vehreschild, Jörg Janne, Wit, Ferdinand, Menozzi, Marianna, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Spagnuolo, Vincenzo, Pradier, Christian, Carlander, Christina, Suanzes, Paula, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, Carr, Andrew, Petoumenos, Kathy, Borgans, Frauke, Bonnet, Fabrice, De Wit, Stephane, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Neesgaard, Bastian, Jaschinski, Nadine, Greenberg, Lauren, Hosein, Sean R, Gallant, Joel, Vannappagari, Vani, Young, Lital, Sabin, Caroline, Lundgren, Jens, Peters, Lars, Reekie, Joanne, Monforte, A d’Arminio, Brandt, R Salbøl, Wit, F W N M, Marec, F Le, Laut, K Grønborg, Sabin, C A, Phillips, A N, Kamara, D A, Smith, C J, Hatleberg, C I, Brandt, R S, Grevsen, A L, Lundgren, J D, Fux, C A, Monforte, A d'Arminio, Iversen, J S, Reiss, Central P, Prins, J M, Kuijpers, T W, Scherpbier, H J, van der Meer, J T M, Godfried, M H, Nellen, F J B, Geerlings, S E, Bos, J C, Wiersinga, W J, Hovius, J W, van Hes, A M H, Nobel, H E, Pijnappel, F J J, Back, N K T, Zaaijer, H L, Cornelissen, M T E, Schinkel, C J, Thomas, X V, Ziekenhuis, Admiraal De Ruyter, de Looff, L Hage, Ziekenhuis, Catharina, Pronk, M J H, Ammerlaan, H S M, De Munnik, E S, Jansz, A R, Wegdam, M C A, Weijsenfeld, A M, van der Ende, M E, De Vries-Sluijs, T E M S, van Gorp, E C M, Schurink, C A M, Nouwen, J L, Rijnders, B J A, Bax, H I, van Beek, J E A, van Zonneveld, L M, van den Berg-Cameron, H J, Bruinsma-Broekman, F B, de Man, M de Zeeuw, Boucher, C A B, Koopmans, M P G, van Kampen, J J A, Pas, S D, MC–Sophia, Erasmus, Driessen, G J A, van Rossum, A M C, van der Knaap, L C, de Ven, C J H M Duijf-van, Ziekenhuis, Haga, Schippers, E F, van IJperen, J M, Franck, P F H, Elsenburg, L J M, Kwa, I S, Groeneveld, P H P, Bouwhuis, J W, van den Berg, J F, van Hulzen, A G W, van der Bliek, G L, Bor, P C J, Wolfhagen, M J H M, Ruijs, G J H M, Kroon, F P, de Boer, M G J, Bauer, M P, Vollaard, A M, Claas, E C J, den Hollander, J G, Smit, J V, Lowe, S H, Lashof, A M L Oude, Ackens, R P, van Loo, I H M, Havenith, T R A, Leyten, E M S, Gelinck, L B S, Wildenbeest, G S, Mutsaers, J A E M, Jansen, C L, Mulder, J W, Vrouenraets, S M E, Lauw, F N, van Broekhuizen, M C, Vlasblom, D J, Smits, P H M, Zuiderzee, M C, Bosma, A S, van Vonderen, M G A, van Houte, D P F, Kampschreur, L M, Kootstra, G J, Delsing, C E, Stuart, J W T Cohen, Diederen, B M W, van Truijen-Oud, F A, van der Reijden, W A, van den Berk, G E L, Blok, W L, Frissen, P H J, Lettinga, K D, Schouten, W E M, Brouwer, C J, Geerders, G F, Kleene, M J, van der Meché, I B, Toonen, A J M, Koopmans, P P, van der Ven, A J A M, ter Hofstede, H J M, Dofferhoff, A S M, Bosch, M E W, Grintjes-Huisman, K J T, Zomer, B J, Stelma, F F, Gisolf, E H, Hassing, R J, van Bentum, P H M, Swanink, C M A, van Lelyveld, S F L, van der Prijt, L M M, Herpers, B L, Verhagen, D W M, Ziekenhuis, St Elisabeth, van Kasteren, M E E, Brouwer, A E, de Wiel, B A F M de Kruijf-van, Santegoets, R M W J, Marcelis, J H, Buiting, A G M, Kabel, P J, Bierman, W F W, Wilting, K R, Jonge, H de Groot-de, van der Meulen, P A, de Weerd, D A, Niesters, H G M, van Leer-Buter, C C, Hoepelman, A I M, Ellerbroek, P M, Oosterheert, J J, Arends, J E, Barth, R E, Wassenberg, M W M, Schadd, E M, van Elst-Laurijssen, D H M, van Oers-Hazelzet, E E B, Wensing, A M J, Peters, E J G, van Agtmael, M A, Laan, L M, Pettersson, A M, Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C M J E, Ang, C W, Kinderziekenhuis, Wilhelmina, Geelen, S P M, Wolfs, T F W, Bont, L J, Bezemer, D O, van Sighem, A I, Boender, T S, Rademaker, M J, Pellegrin, J L, Vareil, M O, Dauchy, F A, Receveur, M C, Vandenhende, M A, Viallard, J F, Lafon, Me, Blaizeau, M J, Boerg, Eloïse, Law, Central M, Calvo, Central G, Sambeat, M A, Gennotte, A F, Payen, M C, Neaton, Central J, El-Sadr, W M, Abrams, D I, Crane, L R, Fischer, A H, Larsen, J F, Wien, Pulmologisches Zentrum der Stadt, Mitsura, V M, Møller, N F, Nielsen, L N, Smidt, Jelena, Siseklinik, Nakkusosakond, Viard, J-P, Stellbrink, H J, Goethe, J W, Sthoeger, Z M, Monforte, A D’Arminio, Annunziata, Ospedale S Maria, Blokhina, I N, Novogrod, Nizhny, Gatell, J M, Miró, J M, Rodriguez, J M, Laporte, J M, Johnson, A M, Johnson, M A, Morfeldt, Central L, Perri, G Di, Marchetti, G C, Perno, C F, Caputo, S Lo, Capobianchi, M R, Biagio, A Di, Roldan, E Quiros, Santoro, M M, Caro, A Di, Manconi, P E, Moioli, M C, Ridolfo, A L, Martino, F Di, Cattelan, A M, Ursitti, M A, Sulekova, L Fontanelli, Plazzi, M M, Del Vecchio, R Fontana, Giuli, C Di, Orofino, G C, Roger, P M, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Günthard, H F, Hirsch, H H, Kouyos, R D, de Tejada, B Martinez, Metzner, K J, Scherrer, A U, Valk, Marc vd, Han, W Min, Saint-Pierre, C H U, Miro, J M, Wasmuth, J C, Vehreschild, J J, McNicholl, I, Williams, E D, Volny-Anne, R Campo Alain, Dedes, Nikos, Mendão, Luis, Jakobsen, M L, Kumar, L Ramesh, Elsing, T W, and null, null
Abstract: Background: Mortality among people with HIV declined with the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. We investigated trends over time in all-cause and cause-specific mortality in people with HIV from 1999-2020. Methods: Data were collected from the D:A:D cohort from 1999 through January 2015 and RESPOND from October 2017 through 2020. Age-standardized all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates, classified using Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe), were calculated. Poisson regression models were used to assess mortality trends over time. Results: Among 55716 participants followed for a median of 6 years (IQR 3-11), 5263 participants died (crude mortality rate [MR] 13.7/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 13.4-14.1). Changing patterns of mortality were observed with AIDS as the most common cause of death between 1999- 2009 (n = 952, MR 4.2/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 4.0-4.5) and non-AIDS defining malignancy (NADM) from 2010 -2020 (n = 444, MR 2.8/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 2.5-3.1). In multivariable analysis, all-cause mortality declined over time (adjusted mortality rate ratio [aMRR] 0.97 per year; 95%CI 0.96, 0.98), mostly from 1999 through 2010 (aMRR 0.96 per year; 95%CI 0.95-0.97), and with no decline shown from 2011 through 2020 (aMRR 1·00 per year; 95%CI 0·96-1·05). Mortality due all known causes except NADM also declined over the entire follow-up period. Conclusion: Mortality among people with HIV in the D:A:D and/or RESPOND cohorts decreased between 1999 and 2009 and was stable over the period from 2010 through 2020. The decline in mortality rates was not fully explained by improvements in immunologic-virologic status or other risk factors.
Published: 2024

3. Time Trends in Causes of Death in People With HIV: Insights From the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Author: Weber, M S R, Ramirez, J J Duran, Hentzien, M, Cavassini, M, Bernasconi, E, Hofmann, E, Furrer, H, Kovari, H, Stöckle, M, Schmid, P, Haerry, D, Braun, D L, Günthard, H F, Kusejko, K, and Study, the Swiss HIV Cohort
Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality, LIVER tumors, RESEARCH funding, HIV-positive persons, HIV infections, CAUSES of death, LONGITUDINAL method, LIVER diseases, RESEARCH
Abstract: Background Advancements in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care have led to a decline in AIDS-related deaths among people with HIV (PWH) in Switzerland. However, data on the ongoing changes in causes of death among PWH over the past 15 years are scarce. Methods We investigated all reported deaths in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 2005 and 2022. Causes of death were categorized using the Coding Causes of Death in HIV protocol. The statistical analysis included demographic stratification to identify time trends and logistic regression models to determine associated factors for the underlying cause of death. Results In total, 1630 deaths were reported, with 23.7% of individuals assigned female sex at birth. These deaths included 147 (9.0%) HIV/AIDS-related deaths, 373 (22.9%) due to non-AIDS, non-hepatic cancers, 166 (10.2%) liver-related deaths, and 158 (9.7%) cardiovascular-related deaths. The median age at death (interquartile range) increased from 45.0 (40.0–53.0) years in 2005–2007 to 61.0 (56.0–69.5) years in 2020–2022. HIV/AIDS- and liver-related deaths decreased, whereas deaths from non-AIDS, non-hepatic cancers increased and cardiovascular-related deaths remained relatively stable. Conclusions The proportionally decreasing HIV/AIDS and liver-related deaths showcase the effectiveness of ART, comprehensive HIV patient care, and interventions targeting hepatitis C virus coinfection. Future research should focus on managing cancer and cardiovascular-related conditions as the new leading causes of death among PWH. Comprehensive healthcare strategies focusing on non–AIDS-related comorbid conditions, cancer management, and sustaining liver and cardiovascular health are needed to bridge the ongoing health disparities between PWH and the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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4. Heterogeneous Clearance Rates of Long-Lived Lymphocytes Infected with HIV: Intrinsic Stability Predicts Lifelong Persistence

Author: Strain, M. C., Günthard, H. F., Havlir, D. V., Ignacio, C. C., Smith, D. M., Leigh-Brown, A. J., Macaranas, T. R., Lam, R. Y., Daly, O. A., Fischer, M., Opravil, M., Levine, H., Bacheler, L., Spina, C. A., Richman, D. D., and Wong, J. K.
Published: 2003

5. Hepatitis delta infection among persons living with HIV in Europe

Author: Béguelin, C, Atkinson, A, Boyd, A, Falconer, K, Kirkby, N, Suter-Riniker, F, Günthard, H F, Rockstroh, J K, Mocroft, A, Rauch, A, Peters, L, and Wandeler, G
Subjects: 570 Life sciences, biology, 610 Medicine & health, 360 Social problems & social services
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS A high prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, the most severe form of viral hepatitis, has been reported among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Europe. We analyzed data from a large HIV cohort collaboration to characterize HDV epidemiological trends across Europe, as well as its impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS All PLWH with a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study and EuroSIDA between 1988 and 2019 were tested for anti-HDV antibodies and, if positive, for HDV RNA. Demographic and clinical characteristics at initiation of antiretroviral therapy were compared between HDV-positive and HDV-negative individuals using descriptive statistics. The associations between HDV infection and overall mortality, liver-related mortality as well as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were assessed using cumulative incidence plots and cause-specific multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS Of 2,793 HBsAg-positive participants, 1,556 (56%) had stored serum available and were included. The prevalence of HDV-coinfection was 15.2% (237/1556, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.5%-17.1%), and 66% (132/200) of HDV-positive individuals had active HDV replication. Among persons who inject drugs (PWID), the prevalence of HDV coinfection was 50.5% (182/360, 95% CI: 45.3%-55.7%), with similar estimates across Europe, compared to 4.7% (52/1109, 95% CI: 3.5%-5.9%) among other participants. During a median follow-up of 10.8 years (interquartile range 5.6-17.8), 82 (34.6%) HDV-positive and 265 (20.1%) HDV-negative individuals died. 41.5% (34/82) of deaths were liver-related in HDV-positive individuals compared to 17.7% (47/265) in HDV-negative individuals. HDV infection was associated with overall mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.6; 95% CI 1.2-2.1), liver-related death (2.9, 1.6-5.0) and HCC (6.3, 2.5-16.0). CONCLUSION We found a very high prevalence of hepatitis delta among PWID across Europe. Among PLWH who do not inject drugs, the prevalence was similar to that reported from populations without HIV. HDV coinfection was associated with liver-related mortality and HCC incidence.
Published: 2023
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6. Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia, and Lyme Borreliosis: Is There an Association? [with Reply]

Author: Strle, Franc, Horowitz, Harold W., Agger, William A., Wormser, Gary P., Péter, O., and Günthard, H. F.
Published: 1997

7. On the potential of a short‐term intensive intervention to interrupt HCV transmission in HIV‐positive men who have sex with men: A mathematical modelling study

Author: Salazar‐Vizcaya, L., Kouyos, R. D., Fehr, J., Braun, D., Estill, J., Bernasconi, E., Delaloye, J., Stöckle, M., Schmid, P., Rougemont, M., Wandeler, G., Günthard, H. F., Keiser, O., and Rauch, A.
Published: 2018
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8. Ethnicity predicts viral rebound after travel to the tropics in HIV‐infected travelers to the tropics in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Author: Gebreselassie, HM, Kraus, D, Fux, CA, Haubitz, S, Scherrer, A, Hatz, C, Veit, O, Stoeckle, M, Fehr, J, de Lucia, S, Cavassini, M, Bernasconi, E, Schmid, P, Furrer, H, Staehelin, C, Aubert, V., Battegay, M., Böni, J., Braun, D. L., Bucher, H. C., Calmy, A., Ciuffi, A., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fellay, J., Günthard, H. F., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H. H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R. D., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., de Tejada, B. Martinez, Marzolini, C., Metzner, K. J., Müller, N., Nicca, D., Pantaleo, G., Paioni, P., Rauch, A., Rudin, C., Speck, R., Stöckle, M., Tarr, P., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Wandeler, G., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.
Published: 2017
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9. Inferring the age difference in HIV transmission pairs by applying phylogenetic methods on the HIV transmission network of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Author: Kusejko, Katharina, Kadelka, Claus, Marzel, Alex, Battegay, Manuel, Bernasconi, Enos, Calmy, Alexandra, Cavassini, Matthias, Hoffmann, Matthias, Böni, Jürg, Yerly, Sabine, Klimkait, Thomas, Perreau, Matthieu, Rauch, Andri, Günthard, Huldrych F., Kouyos, Roger D., Scherrer, Alexandra, Wild, Susanne, Perraudin, Danièle, Minichiello, Mirjam, Anagnostopoulos, A., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Braun, D L., Bucher, H C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Ciuffi, A., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C A., Günthard, H F., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Huber, M., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R D., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., Martinez de Tejada, B., Marzolini, C., Metzner, K J., Müller, N., Nicca, D., Paioni, P., Pantaleo, G., Perreau, M., Rauch, A., Rudin, C., Scherrer, A U., Schmid, P., Speck, R., Stöckle, M., Tarr, P., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Wandeler, G., Weber, R., and Yerly, S Morover
Abstract: Age-mixing patterns are of key importance for understanding the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-epidemics and target public health interventions. We use the densely sampled Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) resistance database to study the age difference at infection in HIV transmission pairs using phylogenetic methods. In addition, we investigate whether the mean age difference of pairs in the phylogenetic tree is influenced by sampling as well as by additional distance thresholds for including pairs. HIV-1 pol-sequences of 11,922 SHCS patients and approximately 240,000 Los Alamos background sequences were used to build a phylogenetic tree. Using this tree, 100 per cent down to 1 per cent of the tips were sampled repeatedly to generate pruned trees (N = 500 for each sample proportion), of which pairs of SHCS patients were extracted. The mean of the absolute age differences of the pairs, measured as the absolute difference of the birth years, was analyzed with respect to this sample proportion and a distance criterion for inclusion of the pairs. In addition, the transmission groups men having sex with men (MSM), intravenous drug users (IDU), and heterosexuals (HET) were analyzed separately. Considering the tree with all 11,922 SHCS patients, 2,991 pairs could be extracted, with 954 (31.9 per cent) MSM-pairs, 635 (21.2 per cent) HET-pairs, 414 (13.8 per cent) IDU-pairs, and 352 (11.8 per cent) HET/IDU-pairs. For all transmission groups, the age difference at infection was significantly (P
Published: 2021

10. Hemophagocytic syndrome caused by primary herpes simplex virus 1 infection: report of a first case

Author: Cusini, A., Günthard, H. F., Stussi, G., Schwarz, U., Fehr, T., Grueter, E., Meerbach, A., Bossart, W., Schaer, D. J., and Rudiger, A.
Published: 2010
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11. Pulmonary Toxoplasmosis, a Rare but Severe Manifestation of a Common Opportunistic Infection in Late HIV Presenters: Report of Two Cases

Author: Kovari, H., Ebnöther, C., Schweiger, A., Berther, N., Kuster, H., and Günthard, H. F.
Published: 2010
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12. Association of Incomplete Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy With Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Virologically Suppressed Persons With HIV: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Author: Castillo-Mancilla, Jose R, Cavassini, Matthias, Schneider Voirol, Marie Paule, Furrer, Hansjakob, Calmy, Alexandra, Battegay, Manuel, Scanferla, Giulia, Bernasconi, Enos, Günthard, Huldrych F, Glass, Tracy R, Anagnostopoulos, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Furrer, H, Fux, C A, Günthard, H F, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H H, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Huber, M, Kahlert, C R, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, R D, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, Martinez de Tejada, B, Marzolini, C, Metzner, K J, Müller, N, Nicca, D, Paioni, P, Pantaleo, G, Perreau, M, Rauch, A, Rudin, C, Scherrer, A U, Schmid, P, Speck, R, Stöckle, M, Tarr, P, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Wandeler, G, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Anagnostopoulos, A., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Braun, D.L., Bucher, H.C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Ciuffi, A., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C.A., Günthard, H.F., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H.H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Huber, M., Kahlert, C.R., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R.D., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., Martinez de Tejada, B., Marzolini, C., Metzner, K.J., Müller, N., Nicca, D., Paioni, P., Pantaleo, G., Perreau, M., Rauch, A., Rudin, C., Scherrer, A.U., Schmid, P., Speck, R., Stöckle, M., Tarr, P., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Wandeler, G., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, viral suppression, antiretroviral therapy, 610 Medicine & health, Disease, Major Articles, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, cardiovascular disease, Internal medicine, adherence, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Imputation (statistics), Stroke, ddc:615, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Hazard ratio, Cardiovascular disease, medicine.disease, Viral suppression, 030112 virology, Antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Diseases, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Oncology, Adherence, business, Cohort study
Abstract: BackgroundIncomplete antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, even if sufficient to maintain viral suppression, is associated with enhanced inflammation in persons with HIV (PWH). However, its clinical implications remain unknown.MethodsPWH enrolled in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) who initiated ART between 2003 and 2018 and had viral suppression (ResultsA total of 6971 PWH (74% male) were included in the analysis (median age [interquartile range {IQR}], 39 [32–47] years). The median (IQR) follow-up was 8 (4–11) years, with 14 (8–23) adherence questionnaires collected per participant. In total, 205 (3%) participants experienced a CVD event, and 186 (3%) died a non-CVD-related death. In an adjusted competing risk model where missing data were imputed, missing ≥1 ART dose showed an increased, but not statistically significant, risk for CVD events (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% CI, 0.85–1.79; P = .28). Non-CVD-related mortality showed a statistically significantly increased risk with missing ≥1 ART dose (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.00–2.07; P = .05) and missing ≥2 ART doses (HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.37–3.57; P = .001).ConclusionsIncomplete ART adherence was significantly associated with an increased risk for non-CVD-related mortality in PWH with virologic suppression. This highlights the potential role of nonadherence to ART as a driver of non-AIDS clinical outcomes.
Published: 2021
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13. Treatment outcomes of integrase inhibitors, boosted protease inhibitors and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in antiretroviral-naïve persons starting treatment

Author: Mocroft, A, Neesgard, B, Zangerle, R, Rieger, A, Castagna, A, Spagnuolo, V, et al, Günthard, H F, Rauch, Anita, University of Zurich, and Mocroft, A
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2736 Pharmacology (medical), 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2719 Health Policy
Published: 2020

14. Using longitudinally sampled viral nucleotide sequences to characterize the drivers of HIV-1 transmission

Author: Reichmuth, M L, Chaudron, S E, Bachmann, N, Nguyen, H, Böni, J, Metzner, K J, Perreau, M, Klimkait, T, Yerly, S, Hirsch, H H, Hauser, C, Ramette, A, Vernazza, P, Cavassini, M, Bernasconi, E, Günthard, H F, Kusejko, K, Kouyos, R D, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Kaiser, Laurent, University of Zurich, and Chaudron, S E
Subjects: 10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, 610 Medicine & health, HIV Infections, Odds, law.invention, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Cohort Studies, Phylogenetic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Epidemiology, 2736 Pharmacology (medical), Transmission, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Phylogeny, ddc:616, Molecular epidemiology, Base Sequence, business.industry, Health Policy, 2725 Infectious Diseases, Directionality of HIV-1 transmission, medicine.disease, 2719 Health Policy, 030112 virology, Confidence interval, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Coinfection, HIV-1, 570 Life sciences, biology, business, Viral load, Cohort study, Demography
Abstract: OBJECTIVES Understanding the drivers of HIV-1 transmission is of importance for curbing the ongoing epidemic. Phylogenetic methods based on single viral sequences allow us to assess whether two individuals are part of the same viral outbreak, but cannot on their own assess who potentially transmitted the virus. We developed and assessed a molecular epidemiology method with the main aim to screen cohort studies for and to characterize individuals who are 'potential HIV-1 transmitters', in order to understand the drivers of HIV-1 transmission. METHODS We developed and validated a molecular epidemiology approach using longitudinally sampled viral Sanger sequences to characterize potential HIV-1 transmitters in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. RESULTS Our method was able to identify 279 potential HIV-1 transmitters and allowed us to determine the main epidemiological and virological drivers of transmission. We found that the directionality of transmission was consistent with infection times for 72.9% of 85 potential HIV-1 transmissions with accurate infection date estimates. Being a potential HIV-1 transmitter was associated with risk factors including viral load [adjusted odds ratio$_{multivariable}$ (95% confidence interval): 1.86 (1.49-2.32)], syphilis coinfection [1.52 (1.06-2.19)], and recreational drug use [1.45 (1.06-1.98)]. By contrast for the potential HIV-1 recipients, this association was weaker or even absent [1.18 (0.82-1.72), 0.89 (0.52-1.55) and 1.53 (0.98-2.39), respectively], indicating that inferred directionality of transmission is useful at the population level. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that longitudinally sampled Sanger sequences do not provide sufficient information to identify transmitters with high certainty at the individual level, but that they allow the drivers of transmission at the population level to be characterized.
Published: 2020

15. Chemsex drugs on the rise: a longitudinal analysis of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study from 2007 to 2017

Author: Hampel, B, Kusejko, K, Kouyos, R D, Böni, J, Flepp, M, Stöckle, M, Conen, A, Béguelin, C, Künzler-Heule, P, Nicca, D, Schmidt, A J, Nguyen, H, Delaloye, J, Rougemont, M, Bernasconi, E, Rauch, A, Günthard, H F, Braun, D L, Fehr, J, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, University of Zurich, and Hampel, B
Subjects: 10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2736 Pharmacology (medical), 610 Medicine & health, 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2719 Health Policy
Published: 2020

16. Gonococcal Tonsillar Infection—A Case Report and Literature Review

Author: Balmelli, C. and Günthard, H. F.
Published: 2003
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17. Expansion of interferon-γ-secreting HIV-specific T cells during successful antiretroviral therapy

Author: Gasser, O, Brander, C, Wolbers, M, Brown, N V, Rauch, A, Günthard, H F, Battegay, M, and Hess, C
Published: 2013
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18. HLA-Bw4 identifies a population of HIV-infected patients with an increased capacity to control viral replication after structured treatment interruption

Author: Stern, M, Czaja, K, Rauch, A, Rickenbach, M, Günthard, H F, Battegay, M, Fellay, J, Hirschel, B, and Hess, C
Published: 2012
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19. Spontaneous Splenic Rupture as Manifestation of the Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV Type 1 Infected Patient with Tuberculosis

Author: Weber, E., Günthard, H. F., Schertler, T., and Seebach, J. D.
Published: 2009
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20. Prevalence of etravirine mutations and impact on response to treatment in routine clinical care: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS)

Author: Scherrer, A U, Hasse, B, von Wyl, V, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Bürgisser, P, Klimkait, T, Bucher, H C, Ledergerber, B, and Günthard, H F
Published: 2009
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21. Predictive Value of Known and Novel Alleles of CYP2B6 for Efavirenz Plasma Concentrations in HIV-infected Individuals

Author: Rotger, M, Tegude, H, Colombo, S, Cavassini, M, Furrer, H, Décosterd, L, Blievernicht, J, Saussele, T, Günthard, H F, Schwab, M, Eichelbaum, M, Telenti, A, and Zanger, U M
Published: 2007
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22. Quantifying the drivers of HIV transmission and prevention in men who have sex with men: a population model-based analysis in Switzerland

Author: Kusejko, K, Marzel, A, Hampel, B, Bachmann, N, Nguyen, H, Fehr, J, Braun, D L, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Hoffmann, M, Böni, J, Yerly, S, Klimkait, T, Perreau, M, Rauch, A, Günthard, H F, Kouyos, R D, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, University of Zurich, and Kusejko, K
Subjects: 10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2736 Pharmacology (medical), 610 Medicine & health, 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2719 Health Policy
Published: 2018

23. On the potential of a short-term intensive intervention to interrupt HCV transmission in HIV-positive men who have sex with men: A mathematical modelling study

Author: Salazar-Vizcaya, L, Kouyos, R D, Fehr, J, Braun, D, Estill, J, Bernasconi, E, Delaloye, J, Stöckle, M, Schmid, P, Rougemont, M, Wandeler, G, Günthard, H F, Keiser, O, Rauch, A, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, University of Zurich, and Salazar-Vizcaya, L
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2406 Virology, 610 Medicine & health, 2721 Hepatology, 2725 Infectious Diseases
Published: 2018
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24. Reply

Author: Péter, O., Gubler, J., and Günthard, H. F.
Published: 2017

25. Efavirenz Intoxication Due to Slow Hepatic Metabolism [Abstract]

Author: Günthard, H. F. and Krause, M.
Published: 2005

26. Contribution of APOBEC3G/F activity to the development of low-abundance drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants

Author: Noguera-Julian, M, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Di Giallonardo, F, Schuurman, R, Däumer, M, Aitken, S, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Geretti, A M, Booth, C L, Kaiser, R, Michalik, C, Jansen, K, Masquelier, B, Bellecave, P, Kouyos, R D, Castro, E, Furrer, H, Schultze, A, Günthard, H F, Brun-Vezinet, F, Metzner, K J, Paredes, R, University of Zurich, and Noguera-Julian, M
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2726 Microbiology (medical)
Published: 2016
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27. Protease inhibitors to treat hepatitis C in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study: high efficacy but low treatment uptake

Author: Schaerer, V, Haubitz, S, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Ambrosioni, J, Cavassini, M, Stoeckle, M, Schmid, P, Decosterd, L, Aouri, M, Böni, J, Günthard, H F, Furrer, H, Metzner, K J, Fehr, J, Rauch, A, University of Zurich, and Rauch, A
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, hepatitis C virus/HIV coinfection, treatment uptake, treatment efficacy, 10033 Clinic for Immunology, 2736 Pharmacology (medical), hepatitis C virus protease inhibitors, 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2719 Health Policy
Published: 2015
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28. Efavirenz Intoxication Due to Slow Hepatic Metabolism

Author: Hasse, B., Günthard, H. F., Bleiber, G., Krause, M., Hasse, B., Günthard, H. F., Bleiber, G., and Krause, M.
Abstract: We describe a human immunodeficiency virus-positive woman who presented with severe psychosis while she was receiving therapy with efavirenz. Her plasma efavirenz level was excessively high. Genetic investigation showed that she was homozygous for the CYP2B6 G516T allele, resulting in slow hepatic metabolism. After the dosage of efavirenz was lowered, all neuropsychiatric symptoms subsided
Published: 2017

29. Emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance in previously untreated patients initiating combination antiretroviral treatment: a comparison of different regimen types

Author: von Wyl, V, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Bürgisser, P, Klimkait, T, Battegay, M, Furrer, H, Telenti, A, Hirschel, B, Vernazza, P L, Bernasconi, E, Rickenbach, M, Perrin, L, Ledergerber, B, Günthard, H F, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, University of Zurich, and Günthard, H F
Subjects: 10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 2724 Internal Medicine, 570 Life sciences, biology, 610 Medicine & health
Published: 2007
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30. Predictors of CD4+ T-Cell Counts of HIV Type 1-Infected Persons After Virologic Failure of All 3 Original Antiretroviral Drug Classes

Author: Ledergerber, B, Costagliola, D, Lodwick, R, Torti, C, van Sighem, A, Podzamczer, D, Mocroft, A, Dorrucci, M, Masquelier, B, Günthard, H F, de Luca, A, Michalik, C, University of Zurich, and Ledergerber, B
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases
Published: 2013
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31. Early versus late initial echocardiographic assessment in infective endocarditis: similar findings and no difference in clinical outcome

Author: Bonetti, N R, Namdar, M, Günthard, H F, Gruner, C, Greutmann, M, Steffel, J, Hürlimann, D, Ruef, C, Tanner, F C, Jenni, R, Biaggi, P, and University of Zurich
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 610 Medicine & health
Published: 2012

32. MPER-specific antibodies induce gp120 shedding and irreversibly neutralize HIV-1

Author: Ruprecht, C R, Krarup, A, Reynell, L, Mann, A M, Brandenberg, O F, Berlinger, L, Abela, I A, Regoes, R R, Günthard, H F, Rusert, P, Trkola, A, University of Zurich, and Trkola, A
Subjects: 10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2403 Immunology, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, 570 Life sciences, biology, 610 Medicine & health
Published: 2011

33. Efficacy of etravirine combined with darunavir or other ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors in HIV-1-infected patients:an observational study using pooled European cohort data

Author: Vingerhoets, J, Calvez, V, Flandre, P, Marcelin, A-G, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Perno, C-F, Mercedes Santoro, M, Bateson, R, Nelson, M, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Grarup, J, Lundgren, J, Incardona, F, Kaiser, R, Sonnerborg, A, Clotet, B, Paredes, R, Günthard, H F, Ledergerber, B, Hoogstoel, A, Nijs, S, Tambuyzer, L, Lavreys, L, Opsomer, M, Vingerhoets, J, Calvez, V, Flandre, P, Marcelin, A-G, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Perno, C-F, Mercedes Santoro, M, Bateson, R, Nelson, M, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Grarup, J, Lundgren, J, Incardona, F, Kaiser, R, Sonnerborg, A, Clotet, B, Paredes, R, Günthard, H F, Ledergerber, B, Hoogstoel, A, Nijs, S, Tambuyzer, L, Lavreys, L, and Opsomer, M
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: This observational study in antiretroviral treatment-experienced, HIV-1-infected adults explored the efficacy of etravirine plus darunavir/ritonavir (DRV group; n = 999) vs. etravirine plus an alternative boosted protease inhibitor (other PI group; n = 116) using pooled European cohort data.METHODS: Two international (EuroSIDA; EUResist Network) and five national (France, Italy, Spain, Switzerland and UK) cohorts provided data (collected in 2007-2012). Stratum-adjusted (for confounding factors) Mantel-Haenszel differences in virological responses (viral load < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived.RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were balanced between groups except for previous use of antiretrovirals (≥ 10: 63% in the DRV group vs. 49% in the other PI group), including previous use of at least three PIs (64% vs. 53%, respectively) and mean number of PI resistance mutations (2.3 vs. 1.9, respectively). Week 24 responses were 73% vs. 75% (observed) and 49% vs. 43% (missing = failure), respectively. Week 48 responses were 75% vs. 73% and 32% vs. 30%, respectively. All 95% CIs around unadjusted and adjusted differences encompassed 0 (difference in responses) or 1 (ORs). While ORs by cohort indicated heterogeneity in response, for pooled data the difference between unadjusted and adjusted for cohort ORs was small.CONCLUSIONS: These data do not indicate a difference in response between the DRV and other PI groups, although caution should be applied given the small size of the other PI group and the lack of randomization. This suggests that the efficacy and virology results from DUET can be extrapolated to a regimen of etravirine with a boosted PI other than darunavir/ritonavir.
Published: 2015

34. Genome-wide mRNA expression correlates of viral control in CD4+ T-cells from HIV-1-infected individuals

Author: Rotger, M, Dang, K K, Fellay, J, Heinzen, E L, Feng, S, Descombes, P, Shianna, K V, Ge, D, Günthard, H F, Goldstein, D B, Telenti, A, University of Zurich, and Rotger, M
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2403 Immunology, 1311 Genetics, 2404 Microbiology, 2405 Parasitology, 1312 Molecular Biology, 2406 Virology, 610 Medicine & health
Published: 2010

35. Cushing-Syndrom nach Steroid-Infiltration bei zwei behandelten HIV-infizierten Patienten

Author: Herold, M A, Günthard, H F, University of Zurich, and Herold, M A
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 610 Medicine & health, 2700 General Medicine, General Medicine
Published: 2010
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36. Effect of raltegravir-containing intensification on HIV burden and T-cell activation in multiple gut sites of HIV-positive adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy

Author: Yukl, S A, Shergill, A K, McQuaid, K, Gianella, S, Lampiris, H, Hare, C B, Pandori, M, Sinclair, E, Günthard, H F, Fischer, M, Wong, J K, Havlir, D V, and University of Zurich
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2403 Immunology, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases
Published: 2010
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37. Heilung von HIV: Wo stehen wir heute?

Author: Günthard, H F, Kamber, R, and University of Zurich
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 610 Medicine & health
Published: 2009
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38. The European HIV Drug Resistance Guidelines 2009

Author: Günthard, H F, et al, University of Zurich, and European AIDS Clinical Society
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 610 Medicine & health
Published: 2009

39. Antibody responses in primary HIV-1 infection

Author: Frost, D W, Trkola, A, Günthard, H F, Richman, D D, and University of Zurich
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2403 Immunology, 2720 Hematology, 2406 Virology, 610 Medicine & health, 2730 Oncology, 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2917 Oncology (nursing)
Published: 2008
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40. Dynamics of total, linear nonintegrated, and integrated HIV-1 DNA in vivo and in vitro

Author: Koelsch, K K, Liu, L, Haubrich, R, May, S, Havlir, D, Günthard, H F, Ignacio, C C, Campos-Soto, P, Little, S J, Shafer, R, Robbins, G K, D'Aquila, R T, Kawano, Y, Young, K, Dao, P, Spina, C A, Richman, D D, Wong, J K, University of Zurich, and Koelsch, K K
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases
Published: 2008
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41. Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adult HIV-1 infection: 2008 recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panel

Author: Hirsch, M S, Günthard, H F, Schapiro, J M, Brun-Vézinet, F, Clotet, B, Hammer, S M, Johnson, V A, Kuritzkes, D R, Mellors, J W, Pillay, D, Yeni, P G, Jacobsen, D M, Richman, D D, and University of Zurich
Subjects: 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 610 Medicine & health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, 2726 Microbiology (medical)
Published: 2008
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42. Emergence of Minor Populations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Carrying the M184V and L90M Mutations in Subjects Undergoing Structured Treatment Interruptions

Author: Metzner, K. J., Bonhoeffer, S., Fischer, M., Karanicolas, R., Allers, K., Joos, B., Weber, R., Hirschel, B., Kostrikis, Leontios G., Günthard, H. F., and Kostrikis, Leontios G. [0000-0002-5340-7109]
Subjects: Male, quantitative diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, RNA directed DNA polymerase, RNA, Viral/blood/genetics, Cohort Studies, population risk, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Immunology and Allergy, Anti-HIV Agents/ administration & dosage/pharmacology, virus replication, ddc:616, HIV-1/ genetics, clinical article, structured treatment interruption, biology, drug dose regimen, antiretrovirus agent, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, virus mutation, article, allele, virus diseases, risk assessment, Drug holiday, Middle Aged, highly active antiretroviral therapy, Resistance mutation, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/ methods, zidovudine, didanosine, ritonavir, Human immunodeficiency virus m184v mutant, Infectious Diseases, priority journal, virus resistance, virus mutant, Lentivirus, virus typing, RNA, Viral, Female, proteinase, Viral disease, lamivudine, drug potency, Adult, stavudine, Anti-HIV Agents, Virus, Drug Administration Schedule, nelfinavir, saquinavir, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Human immunodeficiency virus l90m mutant, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, Point Mutation, human, Aged, HIV Infections/blood/ drug therapy/ virology, nucleotide sequence, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Reverse transcriptase, Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics, Immunology, HIV-1
Abstract: The use of structured treatment interruption (STI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects is currently being studied as an alternative therapeutic strategy for HIV-1. The potential risk for selection of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants during STI is unknown and remains a concern. Therefore, the emergence of drug resistance in sequential plasma samples obtained from 28 subjects with chronic HIV infection was studied. They underwent 4 cycles of 2-week STI, followed by 8-week retreatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy identical to that used before STI, and they had never failed treatment before undergoing STI. At week 40, treatment was stopped for a longer period. Minor populations of drug-resistant variants were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, by use of allele-discriminating oligonucleotides for 2 key resistance mutations: L90M (protease) and M184V (reverse transcriptase). The approximate discriminative power was 0.1%. In 14 of 25 and in 3 of 25 subjects, the M184V and the L90M mutations, respectively, were detected as minor populations, at different times during STI. Overall, these results indicate that, in subjects undergoing multiple STIs, HIV-1 variants carrying drug-resistance mutations can emerge during periods of increased HIV-1 replication. 188 1433 1443 Cited By :112
Published: 2003

43. Incidence of HIV-1 drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment-naive individuals starting modern therapy combinations

Author: von Wyl, V, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Shah, C, Cellerai, C, Klimkait, T, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Cavassini, M, Furrer, H, Hirschel, B, Vernazza, P L, Ledergerber, B, Günthard, H F, von Wyl, V, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Shah, C, Cellerai, C, Klimkait, T, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Cavassini, M, Furrer, H, Hirschel, B, Vernazza, P L, Ledergerber, B, and Günthard, H F
Abstract: Background. Estimates of drug resistance incidence to modern first-line combination antiretroviral therapies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 are complicated by limited availability of genotypic drug resistance tests (GRTs) and uncertain timing of resistance emergence. Methods. Five first-line combinations were studied (all paired with lamivudine or emtricitabine): efavirenz (EFV) plus zidovudine (AZT) (n = 524); EFV plus tenofovir (TDF) (n = 615); lopinavir (LPV) plus AZT (n = 573); LPV plus TDF (n = 301); and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATZ/r) plus TDF (n = 250). Virological treatment outcomes were classified into 3 risk strata for emergence of resistance, based on whether undetectable HIV RNA levels were maintained during therapy and, if not, whether viral loads were >500 copies/mL during treatment. Probabilities for presence of resistance mutations were estimated from GRTs (n = 2876) according to risk stratum and therapy received at time of testing. On the basis of these data, events of resistance emergence were imputed for each individual and were assessed using survival analysis. Imputation was repeated 100 times, and results were summarized by median values (2.5th-97.5th percentile range). Results. Six years after treatment initiation, EFV plus AZT showed the highest cumulative resistance incidence (16%) of all regimens (<11%). Confounder-adjusted Cox regression confirmed that first-line EFV plus AZT (reference) was associated with a higher median hazard for resistance emergence, compared with other treatments: EFV plus TDF (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; range, 0.42-0.76), LPV plus AZT (HR, 0.63; range, 0.45-0.89), LPV plus TDF (HR, 0.55; range, 0.33-0.83), ATZ/r plus TDF (HR, 0.43; range, 0.17-0.83). Two-thirds of resistance events were associated with detectable HIV RNA level ≤500 copies/mL during treatment, and only one-third with virological failure (HIV RNA level, >500 copies/mL). Conclusions. The inclusion of TDF instead of AZT and ATZ/r w
Published: 2012

44. A rare but severe pulmonary side effect of cetuximab in two patients

Author: Achermann, Y, Frauenfelder, T, Obrist, S, Zaugg, K, Corti, N, Günthard, H F, Achermann, Y, Frauenfelder, T, Obrist, S, Zaugg, K, Corti, N, and Günthard, H F
Abstract: Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that treats malignant disease by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor. Many common adverse events have been reported and include skin rashes, infusion reactions, gastrointestinal complaints and headache. Up to now, cetuximab-associated pulmonary toxicity has been rarely reported in the literature. The present report describes two cases with probable interstitial pneumonitis 5-6&emsp14;weeks after commencing treatment with chemotherapy combined with cetuximab. One patient recovered and the second patient died due to gastrointestinal bleeding 3&emsp14;weeks after an initial response to steroids.
Published: 2012

45. The role of migration and domestic transmission in the spread of HIV-1 non-B subtypes in Switzerland

Author: von Wyl, V, Kouyos, R D, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Shah, C, Bürgisser, P, Klimkait, T, Weber, R, Hirschel, B, Cavassini, M, Staehelin, C, Battegay, M, Vernazza, P L, Bernasconi, E, Ledergerber, B, Bonhoeffer, S, Günthard, H F, von Wyl, V, Kouyos, R D, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Shah, C, Bürgisser, P, Klimkait, T, Weber, R, Hirschel, B, Cavassini, M, Staehelin, C, Battegay, M, Vernazza, P L, Bernasconi, E, Ledergerber, B, Bonhoeffer, S, and Günthard, H F
Abstract: BACKGROUND: By analyzing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pol sequences from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS), we explored whether the prevalence of non-B subtypes reflects domestic transmission or migration patterns. METHODS: Swiss non-B sequences and sequences collected abroad were pooled to construct maximum likelihood trees, which were analyzed for Swiss-specific subepidemics, (subtrees including ≥80% Swiss sequences, bootstrap >70%; macroscale analysis) or evidence for domestic transmission (sequence pairs with genetic distance <1.5%, bootstrap ≥98%; microscale analysis). RESULTS:Of 8287 SHCS participants, 1732 (21%) were infected with non-B subtypes, of which A (n = 328), C (n = 272), CRF01_AE (n = 258), and CRF02_AG (n = 285) were studied further. The macroscale analysis revealed that 21% (A), 16% (C), 24% (CRF01_AE), and 28% (CRF02_AG) belonged to Swiss-specific subepidemics. The microscale analysis identified 26 possible transmission pairs: 3 (12%) including only homosexual Swiss men of white ethnicity; 3 (12%) including homosexual white men from Switzerland and partners from foreign countries; and 10 (38%) involving heterosexual white Swiss men and females of different nationality and predominantly nonwhite ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: Of all non-B infections diagnosed in Switzerland, <25% could be prevented by domestic interventions. Awareness should be raised among immigrants and Swiss individuals with partners from high prevalence countries to contain the spread of non-B subtypes.
Published: 2011

46. Predictors for the emergence of the 2 multi-nucleoside/nucleotide resistance mutations 69 insertion and Q151M and their impact on clinical outcome in the Swiss HIV cohort study

Author: Scherrer, A U, von Wyl, V, Joos, B, Klimkait, T, Bürgisser, P, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Ledergerber, B, Günthard, H F, Scherrer, A U, von Wyl, V, Joos, B, Klimkait, T, Bürgisser, P, Yerly, S, Böni, J, Ledergerber, B, and Günthard, H F
Abstract: The 69 insertion and Q151M mutations are multi-nucleoside/nucleotide resistance mutations (MNR). The prevalence among 4078 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced individuals was <1.3%. Combined ART fully prevented MNR in subtype B infections. Case-control studies were performed to identify risk factors. Control subjects were patients with ≥ 3 thymidine-analogue mutations. The 69 insertion study (27 control subjects, 14 case patients) identified didanosine exposure as a risk (odds ratio, 5.0 per year; P = .019), whereas the Q151M study (which included 44 control subjects and 25 case patients) detected no associations. Following detection, individuals with Q151M tended to have lower suppression rates and higher mortality rates, relative to control subjects. Additional studies are needed to verify these findings in non-subtype B infections.
Published: 2011

47. No longitudinal mitochondrial DNA sequence changes in HIV-infected individuals with and without lipoatrophy

Author: Ortiz, M, Poloni, E S, Furrer, H, Kovari, H, Martinez, R, Arnedo, M, Elzi, L, Bernasconi, E, Vernazza, P, Hirschel, B, Cavassini, M, Ledergerber, B, Günthard, H F, Telenti, A, Tarr, P E, Ortiz, M, Poloni, E S, Furrer, H, Kovari, H, Martinez, R, Arnedo, M, Elzi, L, Bernasconi, E, Vernazza, P, Hirschel, B, Cavassini, M, Ledergerber, B, Günthard, H F, Telenti, A, and Tarr, P E
Abstract: The potential for mitochondrial (mt) DNA mutation accumulation during antiretroviral therapy (ART), and preferential accumulation in patients with lipoatrophy compared with control participants, remains controversial. We sequenced the entire mitochondrial genome, both before ART and after ART exposure, in 29 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Swiss HIV Cohort Study participants initiating a first-line thymidine analogue-containing ART regimen. No accumulation of mtDNA mutations or deletions was detected in 13 participants who developed lipoatrophy or in 16 control participants after significant and comparable ART exposure (median duration, 3.3 and 3.7 years, respectively). In HIV-infected persons, the development of lipoatrophy is unlikely to be associated with accumulation of mtDNA mutations detectable in peripheral blood.
Published: 2011

48. Improved virological outcome in white patients infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes compared to subtype B

Author: Scherrer, A U, Ledergerber, B, von Wyl, V, Böni, J, Yerly, S, Klimkait, T, Bürgisser, P, Rauch, A, Hirschel, B, Cavassini, M, Elzi, L, Vernazza, P L, Bernasconi, E, Held, L, Günthard, H F, Scherrer, A U, Ledergerber, B, von Wyl, V, Böni, J, Yerly, S, Klimkait, T, Bürgisser, P, Rauch, A, Hirschel, B, Cavassini, M, Elzi, L, Vernazza, P L, Bernasconi, E, Held, L, and Günthard, H F
Abstract: (See the Editorial Commentary by Gatell, on pages 1153-5.) Background. Antiretroviral compounds have been predominantly studied in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B, but only ∼10% of infections worldwide are caused by this subtype. The analysis of the impact of different HIV subtypes on treatment outcome is important. Methods. The effect of HIV-1 subtype B and non-B on the time to virological failure while taking combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was analyzed. Other studies that have addressed this question were limited by the strong correlation between subtype and ethnicity. Our analysis was restricted to white patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study who started cART between 1996 and 2009. Cox regression models were performed; adjusted for age, sex, transmission category, first cART, baseline CD4 cell counts, and HIV RNA levels; and stratified for previous mono/dual nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor treatment. Results. Included in our study were 4729 patients infected with subtype B and 539 with non-B subtypes. The most prevalent non-B subtypes were CRF02_AG (23.8%), A (23.4%), C (12.8%), and CRF01_AE (12.6%). The incidence of virological failure was higher in patients with subtype B (4.3 failures/100 person-years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.0-4.5]) compared with non-B (1.8 failures/100 person-years; 95% CI, 1.4-2.4). Cox regression models confirmed that patients infected with non-B subtypes had a lower risk of virological failure than those infected with subtype B (univariable hazard ratio [HR], 0.39 [95% CI, .30-.52; P < .001]; multivariable HR, 0.68 [95% CI, .51-.91; P = .009]). In particular, subtypes A and CRF02_AG revealed improved outcomes (multivariable HR, 0.54 [95% CI, .29-.98] and 0.39 [95% CI, .19-.79], respectively). Conclusions. Improved virological outcomes among patients infected with non-B subtypes invalidate concerns that these individuals are at a disadvantage because drugs have been designed primarily
Published: 2011

49. Association of pharmacogenetic markers with premature discontinuation of first-line anti-HIV therapy: an observational cohort study

Author: Lubomirov, R, Colombo, S, di Iulio, J, Ledergerber, B, Martinez, R, Cavassini, M, Hirschel, B, Bernasconi, E, Elzi, L, Vernazza, P, Furrer, H, Günthard, H F, Telenti, A, Lubomirov, R, Colombo, S, di Iulio, J, Ledergerber, B, Martinez, R, Cavassini, M, Hirschel, B, Bernasconi, E, Elzi, L, Vernazza, P, Furrer, H, Günthard, H F, and Telenti, A
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Poor tolerance and adverse drug reactions are main reasons for discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Identifying predictors of ART discontinuation is a priority in HIV care. METHODS: A genetic association study in an observational cohort to evaluate the association of pharmacogenetic markers with time to treatment discontinuation during the first year of ART. Analysis included 577 treatment-naive individuals initiating tenofovir (n = 500) or abacavir (n = 77), with efavirenz (n = 272), lopinavir/ritonavir (n = 184), or atazanavir/ritonavir (n = 121). Genotyping included 23 genetic markers in 15 genes associated with toxicity or pharmacokinetics of the study medication. Rates of ART discontinuation between groups with and without genetic risk markers were assessed by survival analysis using Cox regression models. RESULTS: During the first year of ART, 190 individuals (33%) stopped 1 or more drugs. For efavirenz and atazanavir, individuals with genetic risk markers experienced higher discontinuation rates than individuals without (71.15% vs 28.10%, and 62.5% vs 14.6%, respectively). The efavirenz discontinuation hazard ratio (HR) was 3.14 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35-7.33, P = .008). The atazanavir discontinuation HR was 9.13 (95% CI: 3.38-24.69, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Several pharmacogenetic markers identify individuals at risk for early treatment discontinuation. These markers should be considered for validation in the clinical setting.
Published: 2011

50. Early antiretroviral therapy during primary HIV-1 infection results in a transient reduction of the viral setpoint upon treatment interruption

Author: von Wyl, V, Gianella, S, Fischer, M, Niederoest, B, Kuster, H, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Cavassini, M, Rauch, A, Hirschel, B, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Joos, B, Günthard, H F, von Wyl, V, Gianella, S, Fischer, M, Niederoest, B, Kuster, H, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Cavassini, M, Rauch, A, Hirschel, B, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Joos, B, and Günthard, H F
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-term benefits of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation during primary HIV-1 infection are debated. METHODS: The evolution of plasma HIV-RNA (432 measurements) and cell-associated HIV-DNA (325 measurements) after cessation of cART (median exposure 18 months) was described for 33 participants from the Zurich Primary HIV Infection Study using linear regression and compared with 545 measurements from 79 untreated controls with clinically diagnosed primary HIV infection, respectively a known date for seroconversion. RESULTS: On average, early treated individuals were followed for 37 months (median) after cART cessation; controls had 34 months of pre-cART follow-up. HIV-RNA levels one year after cART interruption were -0.8 log₁₀ copies/mL [95% confidence interval -1.2;-0.4] lower in early treated patients compared with controls, but this difference was no longer statistically significant by year three of follow-up (-0.3 [-0.9; 0.3]). Mean HIV-DNA levels rebounded from 2 log₁₀ copies [1.8; 2.3] on cART to a stable plateau of 2.7 log₁₀ copies [2.5; 3.0] attained 1 year after therapy stop, which was not significantly different from cross-sectional measurements of 9 untreated members of the control group (2.8 log₁₀ copies [2.5; 3.1]). CONCLUSIONS: The rebound dynamics of viral markers after therapy cessation suggest that early cART may indeed limit reservoir size of latently infected cells, but that much of the initial benefits are only transient. Owing to the non-randomized study design the observed treatment effects must be interpreted with caution.
Published: 2011

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