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The COVID-19 pandemic causes an increase in oral health inequalities, restriction of oral health promotion programs and preventive oral health services for the community. According to the common risk approach, oral health services should be integrated into primary health care services in order to manage oral diseases that share the same risk factors with chronic systemic diseases. Multidisciplinary studies should be focused on public health practices by adopting the “One Health” concept. In order to increase the popuation based oral health outcomes, there is a need for oral health promotion programs that take into account the cooperation between sectors, working flexibility, capacity,the ethical rules of social justice, equality and human rights within the framework of the biopsychosocial approach. Information technologies and social media networks should be used to increase the literacy of the population on “COVID-19 and Oral Health”. In this period, it is also important to carry out oral health needs assessment at population level through surveillance and public health studies. Priority should be given to programs for the protection and improvement of oral health among disadvantaged groups, children and the elderly who have difficulty in accessing oral health services due to limitation of movement and social determinants of health., COVID-19 pandemisi, ağız sağlığı eşitsizliklerinin artmasına, topluma yönelik ağız diş sağlığını geliştirme programlarının ve koruyucu ağız sağlığı hizmetlerinin kısıtlanmasına neden olmaktadır. Ortak risk yaklaşımına göre kronik sistemik hastalıklar ile aynı risk faktörlerini paylaşan ağız hastalıklarının yönetilebilmesi için ağız sağlığı hizmetlerinin birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerine entegre edilmesi gerekmektedir. ‘Tek Sağlık’ konsepti benimsenerek halk sağlığı uygulamalarında multidisipliner çalışmalara ağırlık verilmelidir. Toplumun ağız sağlığı çıktılarını arttırmak için biyopsikososyal yaklaşım çerçevesinde sektörler arası işbirliği, çalışma esnekliği, kapasitesi, sosyal adalet, eşitlik ve insan hakları etik kuralları dikkate alınarak planlanan ağız sağlığını geliştirme programlarına ihtiyaç vardır. Toplumun “COVID-19 ve Ağız Sağlığı” konusunda okuryazarlığını arttırmak için enformasyon teknolojileri ve sosyal medya ağları kullanılmalıdır. Bu dönemde, sürveyans ve halk sağlığı çalışmaları vasıtasıyla toplumsal düzeyde ağız sağlığı ihtiyaç değerlendirilmesinin yapılması da önemlidir. Hareket kısıtlaması ve sağlığın sosyal belirteçleri nedeniyle ağız sağlığı hizmetlerine ulaşmada zorluk yaşayan dezavantajlı gruplar, çocuk ve yaşlılar için ağız sağlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesine yönelik programlara öncelik verilmelidir.

Introduction: Our previously study (TUBITAK-SBAG-114S497) showed hypermethylation of the PAX1 gene in Turkish oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)patients via methylation-array results. In this study, we aimed to validate its potential as an epigenetic biomarker for OSCC by analyzing the methylationstatus and the changes in methylation-related gene expression of the PAX1 gene in Turkish OSCC patient and healthy groups.Material and Methods: Expression and methylation levels of PAX1 gene were analyzed by Quantitative Real Time-PCR and Quantitative MethylationSpecific PCR methods respectively, in tissues and body-fluid samples of 30 OSCC patients and 30 healthy individuals.Results: The methylation rates of the PAX1 gene in matched-normal tissue, tumors, serum and saliva samples of OSCC patients were 50%, 73%, 40%, and66%, respectively. The methylation rates of the PAX1 gene in normal mucosa, serum and saliva samples of healthy individuals were found to be 6%, 0 and10%, respectively. In the malignant group, 59% patients in whom methylation was observed in the promoter region of the PAX1 gene in the tumor tissuewas found to have decreased expression levels in the tumor tissues compared to the matched-normal tissues.Conclusion: DNA hypermethylation of PAX1 gene may play a role in oral carcinogenesis and may be used as an epigenetic biomarker., Introduction: Our previously study (TUBITAK-SBAG-114S497) showed hypermethylation of the PAX1 gene in Turkish oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients via methylation-array results. In this study, we aimed to validate its potential as an epigenetic biomarker for OSCC by analyzing the methylation status and the changes in methylation-related gene expression of the PAX1 gene in Turkish OSCC patient and healthy groups. Material and Methods: Expression and methylation levels of PAX1 gene were analyzed by Quantitative Real Time-PCR and Quantitative Methylation Specific PCR methods respectively, in tissues and body-fluid samples of 30 OSCC patients and 30 healthy individuals. Results: The methylation rates of the PAX1 gene in matched-normal tissue, tumors, serum and saliva samples of OSCC patients were 50%, 73%, 40%, and 66%, respectively. The methylation rates of the PAX1 gene in normal mucosa, serum and saliva samples of healthy individuals were found to be 6%, 0 and 10%, respectively. In the malignant group, 59% patients in whom methylation was observed in the promoter region of the PAX1 gene in the tumor tissue was found to have decreased expression levels in the tumor tissues compared to the matched-normal tissues.Conclusion: DNA hypermethylation of PAX1 gene may play a role in oral carcinogenesis and may be used as an epigenetic biomarker.

Dental centers have been referred to as a hub or reservoir for infection, where healthcare professionals and other staff, patients and the public together may potentially spread pathogenic microorganisms. This may occur via saliva, skin or indirectly through air, water, and contaminated surfaces or instruments. Everyone should therefore be considered as potential sources of infection. During a pandemic, limiting unnecessary care has been adopted as a clinical measure for some patient's, to reduce the risk of cross-infection in the short term. However, in order to enable continuation of necessary and qualified care, dental processes need to follow specific infection control strategies in order to prevent transmission of emerging pandemic risks following COVID-19. In this article, we develop a tool with practical recommendations to mitigate infection risks before, during and following pandemics to enable ongoing dental care provision in primary and secondary care based on national and global recommendations.

Dentistry is a discipline that primarily aims to keep the mouth and surrounding tissues, which are an integral part of the body, healthy, and if a disease occurs, it provides diagnosis and treatment. The COVID-19 disease, declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, has directly affected dental services both globally and nationally. Countries have created various guidelines and algorithms for the implementation of dental services in line with their own health policies. New applications were made in teledentistry, triage, use of additional personal protective equipment, treatment types to be applied, arrangement of clinical environments, ventilation, disinfection and sterilization. Measures have been increased for the mutual protection of both patients and dentists and other dental health professionals. With the COVID-19 pandemic in our country, first of all, emerging dental treatments have been implemented in the field of dentistry, and measures have been increased through various guidelines. Although elective treatments were started with the normalization process, protective measures were continued without compromising protective measures. The negative effects of the pandemic period on dentistry services have also caused some ethical problems. More studies are needed to provide better service to patients and to reduce ethical problems. This study compiles the effects on dentistry services both from a global perspective and nationally during the pandemic period, Diş hekimliği, vücudun ayrılmaz bir parçası olan ağız ve çevre dokularının öncelikli olarak sağlıklı kalmasını hedefleyen, eğer bir hastalık oluşmuşsa bunların teşhis ve tedavisini sağlayan bir disiplindir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilen COVID-19 hastalığı, diş hekimliği hizmetlerini hem küresel hem de ulusal açıdan doğrudan etkilemiştir. Ülkeler, kendi sağlık politikaları doğrultusunda, diş hekimliği hizmetlerinin uygulaması konusunda çeşitli rehberler ve algoritmalar oluşturmuşlardır. Tele-diş hekimliği, triaj, ilave kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanımı, uygulanacak tedavi çeşitleri, klinik ortamlarının düzenlenmesi, havalandırma, dezenfeksiyon ve strerilizasyon konularında yeni uygulamalara gidilmiştir. Hem hastaların hem de hekim ve yardımcı personelin karşılıklı olarak korunması için önlemler arttırılmıştır. Ülkemizde de COVID-19 pandemisi ile birlikte diş hekimliği hizmetleri konusunda, öncelikle acil olarak belirlenen tedavilerin uygulanmasına geçilmiş, çeşitli rehberler aracılığıyla önlemler arttırılmıştır. Normalleşme süreci ile birlikte elektif işlemlerin yapılmasına başlansa da koruyucu önlemlerden taviz verilmemiştir.. Pandemi döneminin diş hekimliği hizmetleri üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri bazı etik sorunlara da sebep olmuştur. Hastalara daha iyi hizmet verebilmek ve etik sorunların azaltılmasına yönelik daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma pandemi döneminde gerek küresel perspektiften gerekse ulusal açıdan diş hekimliği hizmetlerine olan etkileri derlemekte ve sorunların azaltılması noktasında pozitif katkı yapmayı amaçlamaktadır.

PurposeNerve injuries formed during oral and maxillofacial surgical operations occur usually by crush or tension-type damages rather than incisions or ruptures. Such nerve injuries can be treated by providing regeneration with pharmacological agents without surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effects of dexamethasone, B vitamin complex, and nerve growth factor on peripheral nerve regeneration with a local application on the inferior alveolar nerve. Methods Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats weighing 220-250 grams were used in the study. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups. According to the groups, animals were treated with saline, dexamethasone, vitamin B complex and nerve growth factor. All animals were sacrificed on the 21st day and inferior alveolar nerves were resected for microscopic examination. Results The integrity and irregularities of myelin sheaths and vacuole formation were evaluated under a light microscope. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 17.0. When histopathological findings were evaluated, it was observed that dexamethasone and vitamin B application triggered regeneration. However, regeneration in the group treated with nerve growth factor was much more obvious. Conclusions Local drug applications are beneficial for regeneration in inferior alveolar nerve injury. Considering their success, studies are needed to place growth factors in clinical practice.

Gunumuzde meme, prostat veya akciger kanseri, hiperkalsemi, multipl myelom veya osteolitik yapidaki metastatik lezyonlarin tedavisinde antirezorptif ve antianjiyojenik ilaclar kullanilmaktadir. Bu hastaliklara ek olarak osteoporoz tedavisinde de kullanilabilmektedirler. Bu ilaclarin kullanimina bagli olarak, maksilla ve mandibulada osteonekroz olusabilmektedir. Bu derlemede; cenelerde ilac kullanimina bagli olarak gelisen osteonekrozlarin etiyolojisi, risk faktorleri, klinik seyri, radyolojik ozellikleri, guncel tedavi protokolleri ve ayrica dis hekimi yaklasimi hakkinda bilgi vermeyi amacladik.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization has first declared the new coronavirus epidemic as a “public health emergency of internationally concern” and afterwards a “pandemic”. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells through ACE2, the same host cell receptor, but has a higher binding affinity compared to SARS-CoV. Once entering the mucasal epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2 becomes abundant in the saliva and nasopharyngeal secretions of affected patients. Therefore, the spread is generally thought to be due to droplet and aerosol exposure. When direct and indirect ways of transmission of COVID-19 from human to human are evaluated, the risk of disease transmission and cross infection in dental environments is considerably high. According to the data obtained from COVID-19 case series; the disease may have early symptoms such as loss of taste, loss of smell and dry mouth before typical symptoms of fever, dry cough, and fatigue. This supports the hypothesis that the first port of entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is the upper respiratory mucosa. Dentists therefore play a vital role in the early diagnosis and preventing transmission of COVID-19. This article aims to provide a comprehensive protocol regarding infection control and patient management for dentistry practices and oral and maxillofacial surgery operations during the COVID-19 pandemic, in accordance with the guidelines of international health institutions., SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün neden olduğu COVID-19 hastalığı, dünya genelinde büyük bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline geldi. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), yeni koronavirüs salgınını önce “uluslararası endişe veren bir halk sağlığı acil durumu” ardından “pandemi” olarak ilan etti. SARS-CoV-2, hedef hücrelere girişte SARS-CoV ile aynı reseptörleri (ACE2) kullanmakla birlikte daha yüksek bağlanma afinitesine sahiptir. İnsan vücuduna girdikten sonra SARS-CoV-2, etkilenen hastaların tükürük ve nazofaringeal salgılarında bol miktarda bulunur. Bu nedenle yayılımının genellikle damlacık ve aerosol solunumu/teması ile olduğu düşünülmektedir. COVID-19’un insandan insana doğrudan veya dolaylı bulaşma yolları değerlendirildiğinde, dental ortamlardaki hastalık bulaşma ve çapraz enfeksiyon riski yüksektir. COVID-19 olgu serilerinden edinilen verilere göre; hastalığın ateş, kuru öksürük, yorgunluk gibi tipik semptomlarından önce tat ve koku kaybı gibi erken semptomları olabilmektedir. SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün ilk giriş yerinin üst solunum yolu mukozası olması, diş hekimlerinin COVID-19’un erken teşhisinde ve bulaşmasını önlemede büyük role sahip olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu makale, uluslararası sağlık otoritelerinin yönergelerine uygun olarak COVID-19 salgını döneminde diş hekimliği uygulamalarına, ağız, diş ve çene cerrahisi operasyonlarına yönelik enfeksiyon kontrolü ve hasta yönetimine dair kapsamlı bir protokol sunmaktadır.

Background/Aim: Our aim is to describe multidisciplinary approach to primary tuberculous lymphadenitis with a case report. Case Report: A 6-year-old boy was referred to İstanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with the symptoms of painless extra-oral abscess and lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of primary tuberculous lymphadenitis was proved by microbiological culture and ultrasound imaging. Conclusions: Combine tuberculosis treatment should be applied and long term follow up is necessary. Excisional biopsy for tissue diagnosis and bacterial examination with culture should be performed for an early diagnosis as a delay in treatment can lead to devastating consequences.

Background Oral white sponge nevus (WSN) is a rare autosomal dominant benign condition, characterized by asymptomatic spongy white plaques. Mutations in Keratin 4 (KRT4) and 13 (KRT13) have been shown to cause WSN. Familial cases are uncommon due to irregular penetrance. Thus, the aim of the study was: a) to demonstrate the clinical and histopathological features of a three-generation Turkish family with oral WSN b) to determine whether KRT4 or KRT13 gene mutation was the molecular basis of WSN. Material and Methods Out of twenty members of the family ten were available for assessment. Venous blood samples from six affected and five unaffected members and 48 healthy controls were obtained for genetic mutational analysis. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify all exons within KRT4 and KRT13 genes. These products were sequenced and the data was examined for mutations and polymorphisms. Results Varying presentation and severity of clinical features were observed. Analysis of the KRT13 gene revealed the sequence variant Y118D as the disease-causing mutation. One patient revealed several previously unreported polymorphisms including a novel mutation in exon 1 of the KRT13 gene and a heterozygous deletion in exon 1 of KRT4. This deletion in the KRT4 gene was found to be a common polymorphism reflecting a high allele frequency of 31.25% in the Turkish population. Conclusions Oral WSN may manifest variable clinical features. The novel mutation found in the KRT13 gene is believed to add evidence for a mutational hotspot in the mucosal keratins. Molecular genetic analysis is required to establish correct diagnosis and appropriate genetic consultation. Key words:White sponge nevus, leukokeratosis, oral mucosa, keratins, mutation.

To analyze the presented evidence behind suggested reasons for long-term marginal bone loss (MBL) around 600 endosseous titanium dental implants according to the radiological findings up to 60 months.The data of 151 patients are received from the prosthodontic department of a university clinic and analyzed for the effect of implant brand, location, implant diameter and length, implant occlusal table width, cantilever, and smoking on MBL in a 6-year period.MBL is significantly higher in Zimmer SwissPlus implant system. The bone loss in posterior region was higher than anterior region for maxilla. There was no significant difference in mandible. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that MBL was significantly higher when the crown/implant (C/I) ratio was 1.5/2 (P0.05). Occlusal table width/implant diameter (OT/I) ratio was analyzed and it showed that MBL was significantly higher when the ratio was 2.5 to 2.99 and higher than 3. There were no significant associations between smoking and nonsmoking groups. Mann-Whitney U test revealed that cantilever does not affect MBL.The marginal bone loss is affected by location of the implants (higher in the maxillary posterior region). In addition, excessive C/I and OT/I ratios increase marginal bone loss.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a Turkish population according to the gender and age. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 2025 patients (885 males and 1140 females) ranging in age from 9 to 35 (mean age 25.61±10.04) years attending Department of Oral Radiology, University of Istanbul, Faculty of Dentistry. These patients were examined to determine the presence of developmental dental anomalies involving hypodontia, hyperdontia, microdontia, taurodontism and other root anomalies. The incidence of these anomalies were assessed according to the gender and age. Results: Among the 2025 subjects, a total of 96 individuals (42 males and 54 females) showed at least one of the selected dental anomalies (4.74%). Tooth agenesis was the most common dental abnormality (1.77%) followed by taurodontism (1.18%), hyperdontia (0.79%), microdontia (0.54%) and root anomalies (0.44%), respectively. Conclusion: Tooth agenesis is the most common developmental dental anomaly in the studied Turkish population followed by taurodontism.

Giant cell granuloma is rare in the head and neck region and most commonly affects the maxilla and mandible. Giant cell granulomas are benign but occasionally aggressive lesions that are traditionally treated with surgery. Because it is a benign process, less radical and non-surgical treatment alternatives are required. Corticosteroid injection is a viable alternative in the treatment of central giant cell granuloma to avoid surgery. We aim to present a case which was successfully treated with intralesional corticosteroid injection in the maxilla.

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) in a group of patients using mandibular complete dentures, implant-retained overdentures, removable partial dentures (RPDs), or implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Materials and Methods A total of 116 patients (aged 36 to 81, mean age 58 ± 10.03 years) were assigned to four groups (n = 29) and treated with mandibular implant-retained overdentures, implant-supported FPDs (two implants/three unit FPDs), conventional complete dentures, or RPDs. The groups were well matched in terms of gender, age, and the edentulous period. All patients had edentulous maxillary arches and completely or partially edentulous mandibles. All prostheses were mandibular prostheses. The OHIP-14, OHQoL-UK, and SF-36 surveys were used to determine QoL before implant surgery and 1 year after prosthetic treatment. Results The baseline and 1-year data from 116 patients were analyzed. A significant improvement was found among the QoL scales for all groups (p 0.05). The only significant difference was found for mental health (p = 0.011). Conclusion A positive influence on oral health-related QoL was observed in all groups. The QoL values were the most improved in the implant-retained overdenture group.

Summary Background In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of oral mucosal lesions and systemic disease in patients with or without dementia. Methods The patient group comprised patients from the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Darulaceze Retirement Home and the control group consisted of patients who attended university clinics. The examination took place in a quiet room within the nursing home in the company of a member of the care staff well-known to the patient, and the control group was collected from participants who wanted to be included in the study. The study group consisted of 250 patients with dementia (110 male, 140 female) with a mean age of 74.1 ± 10.9 years and 200 control patients (90 male, 110 female) with mean age of 70.5 ± 10.2 years. We examined patients using a mouth mirror. Medical information was collected from patients and nurses. Results In this study, 164 patients with dementia (64.8%) and 109 control patients (54.5 %) had one or more oral mucosal lesions ( p = 0.016). Eighty-eight patients with dementia (35.2%) and sixty control patients (30%) were edentulous ( p > 0.05), and 28 in the patient group (31.8 %) and 43 in the control group (71.6 %) were able to use prostheses ( p Conclusion Oral mucosal lesions are more common in patients with dementia and dental care should be performed regularly for this group. In addition, because removable prostheses can be lost by patients with dementia, implant-supported fixed prostheses should be preferred for this group.

Objective: To describe the clinical and radiological features of children with inverted supernumerary teeth. Study Design: Thirty eight patients with inverted supernumerary teeth (ST) were enrolled in this descriptive and restrospective study. Data from patient records including age, gender, status of dentition, number of ST, number of ST in inverted position, coexistence of ST in inverted and normal direction of eruption, location, orientation, morphology, clinical complications, management and radiography were assessed during 3-years period. Results: Thirty eight patients with a mean age of 9.10±1.97 years (range:6-13) and a strong male preponderance of 3.7:1 (male:30, female:8) had a total of 69 ST, of which 41 were in inverted position. Thirty five patients had one (92.1%) inverted tooth, whereas 3 patients had two inverted teeth per case (7.9%). All cases were located in the maxilla. Midline was the most frequent site for the single inverted supernumerary tooth in 18 (47.4%) patients, followed equally by the right and left premaxillary region in 10 patients each (26.3%). Regarding morphology, 30 patients had conical (78.9%) and 8 (21.1%) had incisiform ST. No tuberculate shaped ST was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between number of inverted teeth and delayed tooth eruption, diastema, local malocclusion, palatinal swelling (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between complications and age (p>0.05). Surgical removal at the time of diagnosis with subsequent follow-up during completion of permanent dentition was the treatment approach in all cases. Conclusions: Thorough clinical examination followed by a comprehensive radiographic screening is the crucial determinant of an accurate diagnosis of an impacted ST. Early diagnosis and timely management are key factors to prevent or minimize the complications, which may influence function and esthetics of the teeth and even psychological condition of the growing child. Key words:Supernumerary tooth, impaction, inverted.

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. The biggest challenge in the management of vWD is the difficulty in performing surgical procedures because of bleeding. Treatment guidelines recommend the use of pure von Willebrand factor or von Willebrand factor/factor VIII (vWF/FVIII) concentrate in patients with type 2 or type 3 vWD undergoing surgery, in patients with type 1 vWD undergoing surgery who are unresponsive, and in patients for whom desmopressin acetate is contraindicated. However, there is no consensus on the dosage and optimum levels of these factors to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perioperative management of patients with vWD during surgical procedures. Data pertaining to surgical procedures performed at our center from 2003 to 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. All operations, except one appendectomy, were elective, and a plan for the management of hemostasis was prepared for each patient. During this period, 37 surgical procedures (major, minor, and dental) were performed in 23 patients with vWD. Complications occurred in four out of 37 procedures (10.8%). No deaths or life-threatening bleeding occurred during any of the operations and no thromboembolic events were observed. The results from this retrospective study indicate that surgery can be safely performed by providing adequate and timely hemostasis during and after the procedure in patients with vWD. Perioperative and postoperative bleeding complications are rare when patients are closely and carefully monitored.

Aktinomikoz cenelerde nadir gorulen kronik, ilerleyici bir enfeksiyon hastaligidir. Enfeksiyon etkeni anaerobik bir bakteri olan Actinomyces israeliidir. Bu makalede maksillofasiyal enfeksiyonlar icinde hem seyrek gorulmesi hem de tedaviye direncli olmasi acisindan onemli oldugunu dusundugumuz aktinomikoz olgusunu sunmayi amacladik. Klinigimize, sol alt cenede gomulu 20 yas dis cekimini takiben iyilesmeyen agrili ekstraoral abse sebebiyle basvuran hastaya; klinik, radyografik ve mikrobiyolojik degerlendirilmeler sonucunda aktinomikoz tanisi konmustur. Aktinomikoz tedavisinde cerrahi ve uzun sureli antibiyotik terapisi uygulanmaktadir. Hastada abse direnaji, i.m. ve oral penisilin tedavisi uygulanmistir. 6 ay sonraki kontrollerde klinik ve radyografik olarak basariyla iyilesme gozlenmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Aktinomikoz; Maksillofasiyal enfeksiyon; Ekstraoral abse ACTINOMYCOSIS: A CASE REPORT ABSTRACT Aktinomycosis is chronic, progressive, relatively uncommon infection of the jaws. This infection is usually caused by Actinomyces israelii which is an anaerobic bacteria. The aim of this article is to show actinomycosis that is one of the rare maxillofacial infection which is resistant to medical therapy. The patient was refered to our department with post operative pain and extraoral abscess, which was not healing, in the left submandibular region after extraction of the impacted wisdom tooth. The final diagnosis was established as actinomycosis consequence of clinical, radiographic and microbiological assessment. Actinomycosis is treated with surgical operation and long-term antibiotic therapy. Patient was treated with abscess drainage, i.m and oral penicilline therapy. After 6 months succesful healing was completely observed in radiographically and clinically. Key Words: Actinonmycosis; Maxillofacial infection; Extraoral abscess

Ozet Amac: Bu calismanin amaci kan, tukuruk ve bir curuk tespit boyasi ile kontamine edilen dentin yuzeylerin bir self-etch adezivin mikro-gerilim baglanma dayanimina etkilerinin degerlendirilmesidir. Gerec ve Yontem: Calismada son alti ay icinde cekilmis, on alti adet curuksuz daimi molar dis kullanildi. Dislerin okluzal kesitlerinden duzgun dentin yuzeyleri elde edildi. Homojen bir dentin yuzeyi elde etmek amaciyla, dentin yuzeyleri 600 gritlik su zimparasi ile zimparalandi. Bu yuzeyler kan, tukuruk ve curuk tespit boyasi ile kontamine edildi. Disler dort gruba ayrildi. (I: Kontrol, II: Kan, III: Tukuruk, IV: Curuk tespit boyasi). Deney gruplarinin dentin yuzeylerine kan, tukuruk ve curuk tespit boyasi uygulandi, sonra durulandi ve kurutuldu. Dislere self-etch adeziv sistem (Clearfil SE Bond) uygulamasinin ardindan disler kompozit rezinle 2 mm kalinliginda restore edildi. Ornekler 24 saat boyunca 37 o C distile suda bekletildi. Her bir disten dusuk hizda calisan elmas separe yardimi ile 1.00 ± 0.003 mm kalinliginda bes adet mikro gerilim ornegi elde edildi. Ornekler mikro gerilim test cihazina her iki uclarindan siyanoakrilat adezivle yapistirildi ve 1 mm/dk yukleme hizi altinda koparildi. Verilerin istatistigi tek yonlu varyans analizi ile yapildi. Bulgular: Gruplarin baglanma degerleri (ortalama ± SS (MPa)); I: 21.31±2.15, II: 5.58±1.14, III: 8.33±1.12, IV: 17.94±1.37 seklinde bulunmustur. Sonuclar: Dentin yuzeylerinin tukuruk ve kan ile kontamine edilmesi self-etch adeziv sistemlerin baglanma dayanimini olumsuz yonde etkilemektedir. En yuksek baglanma dayanimi kontrol grubunda gorulurken en dusuk baglanma dayanimi kan kontaminasyonu olan grupta gozlenmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Adeziv, Kontaminasyon, Curuk Tespit Boyasi, Kan, Tukuruk Bond Strenght of an Adhesive System to Dentin Contaminated with a Caries Detector Dye, Blood and Saliva Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strenght (µTBS) of a self-etch adhesive system to dentin surface contaminated with blood, saliva and caries detector dye. Materials and Methods: Sixteen extracted human carious-free permanent molar teeth were used to obtain flat occlusal dentin surfaces. The dentin surfaces were grinded with 600 grid sandpaper underwater irrigation. Teeth were divided into four groups (I: Control, II: Blood, III: Saliva and IV: Caries Detector) Blood, saliva and caries detector dye were applicated on the dentin surfaces, then were rinsed and dried. Teeth were restored with self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond) 2mm thick composite resin. Then specimens were stored 37 o C distilled water during 24 hours. Five microtensile specimens from each tooth measuring 1.00±0.003 mm were prepared with a slow speed diamond saw sectioning machine with a diamond-rim blade. (n=20). These specimens were attached to opposing arms of the microtensile testing device with cyanoacrylate adhesive and fractured under tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis was made with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).(α=0.05) Results: µTBS values of groups were (mean ± SD in MPa); I: 21.21± 2.15, II: 5.58±1.14, III: 8.33±1.12, IV: 17.94±1.37. There was significant differences between µTBS of groups. (p

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 689–696 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, Metalloproteinases-7, Metalloproteinases-10 and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP) disease in same tissue samples. Methods: Thirty-nine individuals [29 patients with OLP (74%) and 10 healthy control subjects (25%)] were included in our study. The mean age was 48 ± 14.39 with a range of 20–75. Results: MMP-2 and MMP-7 expression was significantly different in the patient and control groups in the epithelium and the connective tissue (P

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of two local haemostatic agents administered together with preoperative dose of replacement therapy for oral surgical procedures in patients with bleeding disorders METHODS: Twenty-one patients were divided into three groups randomly. Patients in Group 1 (n=7) received preoperative replacement therapy with postoperative fibrin sealant application in the surgical site. Patients in Group 2 (n=7) received preoperative replacement therapy with postoperative tissue adhesive application in the surgical site. Patients in Group 3 (n=7) were given total dose of replacement therapy pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: No postoperative bleeding was observed in 17 patients including five patients in Group 1 (71.42%), six patients in Group 2 (85.71%) and six patients in Group 3 (85.71%). Haemorrhagic complication was observed in only four patients among all groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that utilization of fibrin sealants and tissue adhesives in oral surgery is beneficial due to the lessened amount of factor concentrates used for replacement therapy and the rapid haemostasis at the operation side to perform serial surgical procedures in the same session.

Neuroblastoma (NBL), a malignant embryonic tumor derived from neural crest cells, is the most common tumor worldwide among children less than 1 year of age. Metastasis to the mandible is uncommon. This article reports the case of a 15-month-old male diagnosed with NBL with bone metastasis including the mandible which resulted in severe tooth mobility. Dentists or pediatricians should consider the primary or metastatic tumors of the maxillofacial region in the differential diagnosis in children presenting with premature loss of teeth related to tooth mobility.

Summary. The clinical diagnosis of dental diseases may indicate their cause and prognosis, however it gives little information about resulting levels of impairment from the patients’ perspective. In this study, we aimed to investigate oral and general health-related quality of life (OHRQoL-HRQoL) in patients with haemophilia; and to test whether haemophiliacs would have worse or better OHRQoL compared with the general population. Data were collected from haemophiliacs (age range 14–35; mean 23 ± 6.58, n = 71) and age/sex-matched controls (age range 14–35; mean 21.00 ± 6.45, n = 60) through face-to-face interviews including nine questions and using oral health impact profile (OHIP)-14, oral health-related quality of life-UK (OHQoL-UK), short-form general measure of health (SF)-36 to measure self-rating oral health status, perceived dental treatment needs, tooth brushing frequencies, OHRQoL-HRQoL. In the field of self-rating oral health status, perceived dental treatment needs, tooth brushing frequencies and OHIP, OHQoL-UK, SF-36 scores – except the subscales including vitality, role emotional and mental health – the control group is in better conditions compared with the haemophilia group. At the same time, both the two groups are in good conditions in dental attendance, vitality, role emotional and mental health. Life quality is related with the perceived discrepancy between the reality of what a person has and the concept of what that person wants, needs or expects. In order to eliminate the dilemma in the field of health, we should facilitate the haemophiliacs’ lives by serving the health care in a multidisciplinary view.

Bifosfonatlar sentetik pirofosfatlarin analoglaridir. Gunumuzde bifosfonatlar meme, prostat, akciger kanserinde hiperkalsemilerin tedavisinde ve multipl miyelomada metastatik osteolitik lezyonlarin tedavisinde kullanilmaktadir. Ayrica osteoporozis tedavisinde de kullanilmaktadir. Bifosfonatlarin en onemli yan etkisi maksilla ve mandibulada osteonekroza sebep olmasidir. Bu derlemedeki amacimiz; cenelerdeki bifosfonat osteonekrozunun etyolojisini, klinik ve radyolojik ozelliklerini, risk faktorlerini, dental yonetimini ve ayrica guncel tedavi yaklasimlarini analiz etmektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bifosfonat osteonekrozu, ceneler, dental tedavi yaklasimlari DENTAL MANAGEMENT IN BISPHOSPHONATE-RELATED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAWS AND CURRENT TREATMENT APPROACHS ABSTRACT Bisphosphonates are synthetic analogues of pyrophosphates. Bisphosphonates are used in the treatment of hypercalcemia associated with breast, prostate or lung cancer and the metastatic osteolytic lesions of multiple myeloma. These are also used in treatment of osteoporosis. One of the most significant side effects of bisphosphonates is the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the maxilla and the mandible. The aim of the present review was to analyze the etiology, clinical and radiologic features, risk factors, dental management and also current treatment approachs in bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws. Key words: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis, jaws, dental treatment approachs

Epidermolizis Bulloza (EB) deri ve mukozalarda frajilite artisina bagli olarak minor travmalar sonucu tekrarlayici mekanik bul olusumu ve erozyon ile karakterize, nadir gorulen otozomal dominant veya resesif gecisli bir hastaliktir. Bu calismada, sag kolunda squamous hucreli karsinom gelisen distrofik epidermolizis bulloza hastamiz nedeniyle guncel literatur derlemesiyle birlikte dental tedavi yaklasimlarini sunmaktayiz. Bu calismayla EB hastalarinda dis tedavisinin guclukleri ve ozel teknikleri anlatilarak, dis hekimleri ve uzmanlarin bu teknikleri benimsemesi, guvenli ve etkili tedavi yontemleri ile koruyucu-onleyici yaklasimlari uygulamasi amaclanmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Epidermolizis bulloza, dental tedavi yaklasimi, squamous hucreli karsinom