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Introduction: Rapid increase of resistance of antropopathogenic fungi to routinely used antimycotic drugs forces researchers to search for new alternative methods of antifungal therapies. Among compounds investigated there are glucosinolates (GLS), whose antimycotic activity was proved against plant pathogens. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the value of minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of GLS degradation products on yeast and yeast-like fungi isolated from human ontocenoses. Material and methods: Fungi were obtained from the collection of Department of Mycology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn and isolated from the human respiratory system and digestive tract. GLS degradation products were originated from seeds of broccoli, small radish, mustard and cabbage and were prepared at the Department of Food Chemistry and Biodynamics of the Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn using HPLC method. The MIC value was conducted with the disk-diffusion method. Results: Experiments showed that the strongest antifungal activity was demonstrated for GLS degradation products from broccoli (MIC reached 1.62±0.11 μmol/g), the lowest for GLS degradation products from small radish (MIC reached 5.87±4.08 μmol/g). Conclusions: The analysis of the inhibiting effect of GLS degradation products on the growth of fungi showed their possible usefulness for antimycotic therapy and prophylaxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: An increasing number of reports have been issued in the recent years on considerably increased frequency of yeast-like fungi and yeast in organ ontocenoses of man. This applies in particular the respiratory and digestive systems. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was the taxonomical analysis of yeast and yeast-like fungi from the respiratory system and gastrointestinal tract of human with particular emphasis on the number of taxa and attention to the dominant species and rare species in the different sections of studied ontocenosis. Material and methods: The experimental material were yeast-like fungi and yeasts isolated from the respiratory and the digestive system of human. The fungi were cultured and identified following standard principles of mycological diagnostics. Results: The fungi isolated from the respiratory system were classified to 37 species and from the gastrointestinal tract – to 23 species. The predominating species turned out to be the Candida albicans, constituting 19.49% in the respiratory system and 27.87% in the digestive system. Conclusions: Five species have been isolated for the first time in Poland. The abundance of the species detected and the presence of perfect stages in the material examined imply a successive increase in the expansiveness of fungi towards human tissues. Results obtained confirms that the respiratory systems affords the fungi better conditions for the survival and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Routine mycological diagnostic for culturing of fungi isolated from the skin changes recommends Sabouraud agar with antibiotics and a selective Sabouraud agar with antibiotics and cycloheximide. Although the introduction of a selective medium with Actidion facilitates isolation of dermatophytes, but also inhibits the growth of other fungi present on the skin - an ecological niche, a especially rich in micro-fungi including molds, which include the genus Fusarium. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze several cases of hyalohyphomycosis caused by Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum, and note that occasional quotations of fungi of the genus Fusarium can be the result of shortcomings in the standard diagnostics. Material and methods: The research material was represented by swabs and fragments of necrotic tissue from inflammatory focus of surgical wound of the lower leg (1 case), and from toe nail shaft, from which Candida albicans was previously isolated (3 cases). For mycological analysis were used: direct preparations stained with Gram method of biological materials and macrocultures, in isotonic 0.9% NaCl; macrocultures on Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol and gentamicin, Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol and Actidion, Czapek-Dox agar and PDA (Potato-Dextrose Agar); microculture on Nickerson agar with the addition of broth with serum in a 1:1 ratio. The course of diagnostic, the method of culturing of fungi and the criteria required for taxonomic evaluation were consistent with the generally accepted recommendations for mycological laboratories. Adequately to the aim of the work, particular attention was focused on the criteria considered in identification of the species of the genus Fusarium. Results: The use of PDA agar has allowed the isolation of two species of Fusarium: F. solani (Mart.) Sacc. from the surgical wound and nail shaft and F. oxysporum Schlecht. from the nail shaft. On media recommended in the routine mycological diagnostic the growth of these species was not characteristic. Conclusions: An occasional isolations of fungi of the genus Fusarium from skin lesions may be caused by Actidion added to the standard Sabouraud media as an inhibitor of mold growth. Medium PDA - optimal for capturing phytopathogens potentially pathogenic for humans - should be introduced into routine diagnostics of fungi isolated from skin lesions and surgical wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The alimentary tract is colonized very frequently by opportunistic fungi of various systematic and ecophysiological groups, particularly yeasts-like fungi and yeasts. It is not only the reservoir of potential human pathogens but also the path of mycotic invasion and dissemination in many cases leading to fungemia. Aim of study: The study aimed at the detailed taxonomic analysis of fungi isolated from the endoscopic materials and determined in routine tests as yeasts-like fungi. Material and methods: The research material consisted of fungi isolated from the alimentary tract (swabs and specimens) of 45 patients referred to the Endoscopy Laboratory at the Municipal Hospital in Olsztyn. The procedures applied were consistent with the generally accepted diagnostic process applied in mycology laboratories. Specialist keys were used for taxonomic analyses. Results: In total, 70 isolates of fungi belonging to 22 species were obtained, among which as many as 9 species (21% of positive results) had not been previously recorded in Polish gastroenterological literature. Those were: Candida brumptii, Candida dubliniensis, Candida lactis-condensi, Candida pelliculosa, Metchnikovia pulcherrima, Rhodosporidium diobovatum, Saccharomycopsis capsularis, Trichosporon capitatum and Trichosporon fermentans. Conclusions: The taxonomic spectrum of fungi populated the alimentary tract clearly expands - 21% of the fungal community were species new to that ontocenosis. Considering biology and adaptation capacity of fungi, interactions with bacteria and increasing number of iatrogenic factors predisposing for fungal infections, standards of mycological analyses of endoscopic materials should be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]