Search

Your search keyword '"Gómez-Elvira, Javier"' showing total 211 results
Start Over Author "Gómez-Elvira, Javier"
211 results on '"Gómez-Elvira, Javier"'

1. The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit: a consolidated design for the system requirement review of the preliminary definition phase

Author

Barret, Didier, Albouys, Vincent, Herder, Jan-Willem den, Piro, Luigi, Cappi, Massimo, Huovelin, Juhani, Kelley, Richard, Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel, Paltani, Stéphane, Rauw, Gregor, Rozanska, Agata, Svoboda, Jiri, Wilms, Joern, Yamasaki, Noriko, Audard, Marc, Bandler, Simon, Barbera, Marco, Barcons, Xavier, Bozzo, Enrico, Ceballos, Maria Teresa, Charles, Ivan, Costantini, Elisa, Dauser, Thomas, Decourchelle, Anne, Duband, Lionel, Duval, Jean-Marc, Fiore, Fabrizio, Gatti, Flavio, Goldwurm, Andrea, Hartog, Roland den, Jackson, Brian, Jonker, Peter, Kilbourne, Caroline, Korpela, Seppo, Macculi, Claudio, Mendez, Mariano, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Molendi, Silvano, Pajot, François, Pointecouteau, Etienne, Porter, Frederick, Pratt, Gabriel W., Prêle, Damien, Ravera, Laurent, Sato, Kosuke, Schaye, Joop, Shinozaki, Keisuke, Skup, Konrad, Soucek, Jan, Thibert, Tanguy, Vink, Jacco, Webb, Natalie, Chaoul, Laurence, Raulin, Desi, Simionescu, Aurora, Torrejon, Jose Miguel, Acero, Fabio, Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella, Ettori, Stefano, Finoguenov, Alexis, Grosso, Nicolas, Kaastra, Jelle, Mazzotta, Pasquale, Miller, Jon, Miniutti, Giovanni, Nicastro, Fabrizio, Sciortino, Salvatore, Yamaguchi, Hiroya, Beaumont, Sophie, Cucchetti, Edoardo, D'Andrea, Matteo, Eckart, Megan, Ferrando, Philippe, Kammoun, Elias, Lotti, Simone, Mesnager, Jean-Michel, Natalucci, Lorenzo, Peille, Philippe, de Plaa, Jelle, Ardellier, Florence, Argan, Andrea, Bellouard, Elise, Carron, Jérôme, Cavazzuti, Elisabetta, Fiorini, Mauro, Khosropanah, Pourya, Martin, Sylvain, Perry, James, Pinsard, Frederic, Pradines, Alice, Rigano, Manuela, Roelfsema, Peter, Schwander, Denis, Torrioli, Guido, Ullom, Joel, Vera, Isabel, Villegas, Eduardo Medinaceli, Zuchniak, Monika, Brachet, Frank, Cicero, Ugo Lo, Doriese, William, Durkin, Malcom, Fioretti, Valentina, Geoffray, Hervé, Jacques, Lionel, Kirsch, Christian, Smith, Stephen, Adams, Joseph, Gloaguen, Emilie, Hoogeveen, Ruud, van der Hulst, Paul, Kiviranta, Mikko, van der Kuur, Jan, Ledot, Aurélien, van Leeuwen, Bert-Joost, van Loon, Dennis, Lyautey, Bertrand, Parot, Yann, Sakai, Kazuhiro, van Weers, Henk, Abdoelkariem, Shariefa, Adam, Thomas, Adami, Christophe, Aicardi, Corinne, Akamatsu, Hiroki, Alonso, Pablo Eleazar Merino, Amato, Roberta, André, Jérôme, Angelinelli, Matteo, Anon-Cancela, Manuel, Anvar, Shebli, Atienza, Ricardo, Attard, Anthony, Auricchio, Natalia, Balado, Ana, Bancel, Florian, Barusso, Lorenzo Ferrari, Bernard, Vivian, Berrocal, Alicia, Blin, Sylvie, Bonino, Donata, Bonnet, François, Bonny, Patrick, Boorman, Peter, Boreux, Charles, Bounab, Ayoub, Boutelier, Martin, Boyce, Kevin, Brienza, Daniele, Bruijn, Marcel, Bulgarelli, Andrea, Calarco, Simona, Callanan, Paul, Camus, Thierry, Canourgues, Florent, Capobianco, Vito, Cardiel, Nicolas, Castellani, Florent, Cheatom, Oscar, Chervenak, James, Chiarello, Fabio, Clerc, Nicolas, Clerc, Laurent, Cobo, Beatriz, Coeur-Joly, Odile, Coleiro, Alexis, Colonges, Stéphane, Corcione, Leonardo, Coriat, Mickael, Coynel, Alexandre, Cuttaia, Francesco, D'Ai, Antonino, D'anca, Fabio, Dadina, Mauro, Daniel, Christophe, DeNigris, Natalie, Dercksen, Johannes, DiPirro, Michael, Doumayrou, Eric, Dubbeldam, Luc, Dupieux, Michel, Dupourqué, Simon, Durand, Jean Louis, Eckert, Dominique, Eiriz, Valvanera, Ercolani, Eric, Etcheverry, Christophe, Finkbeiner, Fred, Fiocchi, Mariateresa, Fossecave, Hervé, Franssen, Philippe, Frericks, Martin, Gabici, Stefano, Gant, Florent, Gao, Jian-Rong, Gastaldello, Fabio, Genolet, Ludovic, Ghizzardi, Simona, Gil, M Angeles Alcacera, Giovannini, Elisa, Godet, Olivier, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Gonzalez, Manuel, Gonzalez, Raoul, Gottardi, Luciano, Granat, Dolorès, Gros, Michel, Guignard, Nicolas, Hieltjes, Paul, Hurtado, Adolfo Jesus, Irwin, Kent, Jacquey, Christian, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Jaubert, Jean, Jiménez, Maria, Jolly, Antoine, Jourdan, Thierry, Julien, Sabine, Kedziora, Bartosz, Korb, Andrew, Kreykenbohm, Ingo, König, Ole, Langer, Mathieu, Laudet, Philippe, Laurent, Philippe, Laurenza, Monica, Lesrel, Jean, Ligori, Sebastiano, Lorenz, Maximilian, Luminari, Alfredo, Maffei, Bruno, Maisonnave, Océane, Marelli, Lorenzo, Massonet, Didier, Maussang, Irwin, Melchor, Alejandro Gonzalo, Mer, Isabelle Le, Michalski, Lea, Millerioux, Jean-Pierre, Mineo, Teresa, Minervini, Gabriele, Molin, Alexeï, Monestes, David, Montinaro, Nicola, Mot, Baptiste, Murat, David, Nagayoshi, Kenichiro, Nazé, Yaël, Noguès, Loïc, Pailot, Damien, Panessa, Francesca, Parodi, Luigi, Petit, Pascal, Piconcelli, Enrico, Pinto, Ciro, Plaza, Jose Miguel Encinas, Poyatos, David, Prouvé, Thomas, Ptak, Andy, Puccetti, Simonetta, Puccio, Elena, Ramon, Pascale, Reina, Manuel, Rioland, Guillaume, Rodriguez, Louis, Roig, Anton, Rollet, Bertrand, Roncarelli, Mauro, Roudil, Gilles, Rudnicki, Tomasz, Sanisidro, Julien, Sciortino, Luisa, Silva, Vitor, Sordet, Michael, Soto-Aguilar, Javier, Spizzi, Pierre, Surace, Christian, Sánchez, Miguel Fernández, Taralli, Emanuele, Terrasa, Guilhem, Terrier, Régis, Todaro, Michela, Ubertini, Pietro, Uslenghi, Michela, de Vaate, Jan Geralt Bij, Vaccaro, Davide, Varisco, Salvatore, Varnière, Peggy, Vibert, Laurent, Vidriales, María, Villa, Fabrizio, Vodopivec, Boris Martin, Volpe, Angela, de Vries, Cor, Wakeham, Nicholas, Walmsley, Gavin, Wise, Michael, de Wit, Martin, and Woźniak, Grzegorz

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The Athena X-ray Integral Unit (X-IFU) is the high resolution X-ray spectrometer, studied since 2015 for flying in the mid-30s on the Athena space X-ray Observatory, a versatile observatory designed to address the Hot and Energetic Universe science theme, selected in November 2013 by the Survey Science Committee. Based on a large format array of Transition Edge Sensors (TES), it aims to provide spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy, with a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV (up to 7 keV) over an hexagonal field of view of 5 arc minutes (equivalent diameter). The X-IFU entered its System Requirement Review (SRR) in June 2022, at about the same time when ESA called for an overall X-IFU redesign (including the X-IFU cryostat and the cooling chain), due to an unanticipated cost overrun of Athena. In this paper, after illustrating the breakthrough capabilities of the X-IFU, we describe the instrument as presented at its SRR, browsing through all the subsystems and associated requirements. We then show the instrument budgets, with a particular emphasis on the anticipated budgets of some of its key performance parameters. Finally we briefly discuss on the ongoing key technology demonstration activities, the calibration and the activities foreseen in the X-IFU Instrument Science Center, and touch on communication and outreach activities, the consortium organisation, and finally on the life cycle assessment of X-IFU aiming at minimising the environmental footprint, associated with the development of the instrument. Thanks to the studies conducted so far on X-IFU, it is expected that along the design-to-cost exercise requested by ESA, the X-IFU will maintain flagship capabilities in spatially resolved high resolution X-ray spectroscopy, enabling most of the original X-IFU related scientific objectives of the Athena mission to be retained. (abridged)., Comment: 48 pages, 29 figures, Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy with minor editing

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Joint Europa Mission (JEM): a multi-scale study of Europa to characterize its habitability and search for extant life

Author

Blanc, Michel, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, André, Nicolas, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Jones, Geraint, Sterken, Veerle, Desprats, William, Gurvits, Leonid I., Khurana, Krishan, Balmino, Georges, Blöcker, Aljona, Broquet, Renaud, Bunce, Emma, Cavel, Cyril, Choblet, Gaël, Colins, Geoffrey, Coradini, Marcello, Cooper, John, Dirkx, Dominic, Fontaine, Dominique, Garnier, Philippe, Gaudin, David, Hartogh, Paul, Hussmann, Hauke, Genova, Antonio, Iess, Luciano, Jäggi, Adrian, Kempf, Sascha, Krupp, Norbert, Lara, Luisa, Lasue, Jérémie, Lainey, Valéry, Leblanc, François, Lebreton, Jean-Pierre, Longobardo, Andrea, Lorenz, Ralph, Martins, Philippe, Martins, Zita, Marty, Jean-Charles, Masters, Adam, Mimoun, David, Palumba, Ernesto, Parro, Victor, Regnier, Pascal, Saur, Joachim, Schutte, Adriaan, Sittler, Edward C., Spohn, Tilman, Srama, Ralf, Stephan, Katrin, Szegő, Károly, Tosi, Federico, Vance, Steve, Wagner, Roland, Van Hoolst, Tim, Volwerk, Martin, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Westall, Frances, and Wurz, Peter

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Background levels of methane in Mars’ atmosphere show strong seasonal variations

Author

Webster, Christopher R., Mahaffy, Paul R., Atreya, Sushil K., Moores, John E., Flesch, Gregory J., Malespin, Charles, McKay, Christopher P., Martinez, German, Smith, Christina L., Martin-Torres, Javier, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Zorzano, Maria-Paz, Wong, Michael H., Trainer, Melissa G., Steele, Andrew, Archer, Doug, Sutter, Brad, Coll, Patrice J., Freissinet, Caroline, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Gough, Raina V., House, Christopher H., Pavlov, Alexander, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., Glavin, Daniel P., Pearson, John C., Keymeulen, Didier, Christensen, Lance E., Schwenzer, Susanne P., Navarro-Gonzalez, Rafael, Pla-García, Jorge, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Vicente-Retortillo, Álvaro, Kahanpää, Henrik, Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel, Smith, Michael D., Harri, Ari-Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hassler, Donald M., Lemmon, Mark, Crisp, Joy, Sander, Stanley P., Zurek, Richard W., and Vasavada, Ashwin R.

Published
2018

7. The Cyborg Astrobiologist: Porting from a wearable computer to the Astrobiology Phone-cam

Author

Bartolo, Alexandra, McGuire, Patrick C., Camilleri, Kenneth P., Spiteri, Christopher, Borg, Jonathan C., Farrugia, Philip J., Ormo, Jens, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, Diaz-Martinez, Enrique, Ritter, Helge, Haschke, Robert, Oesker, Markus, and Ontrup, Joerg

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

We have used a simple camera phone to significantly improve an `exploration system' for astrobiology and geology. This camera phone will make it much easier to develop and test computer-vision algorithms for future planetary exploration. We envision that the `Astrobiology Phone-cam' exploration system can be fruitfully used in other problem domains as well., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the International Journal of Astrobiology

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Field geology with a wearable computer: 1st results of the Cyborg Astrobiologist System

Author

McGuire, Patrick C., Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, Sebastian-Martinez, Eduardo, Ormo, Jens, Diaz-Martinez, Enrique, Oesker, Markus, Haschke, Robert, Ontrup, Joerg, and Ritter, Helge

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

We present results from the first geological field tests of the `Cyborg Astrobiologist', which is a wearable computer and video camcorder system that we are using to test and train a computer-vision system towards having some of the autonomous decision-making capabilities of a field-geologist. The Cyborg Astrobiologist platform has thus far been used for testing and development of these algorithms and systems: robotic acquisition of quasi-mosaics of images, real-time image segmentation, and real-time determination of interesting points in the image mosaics. This work is more of a test of the whole system, rather than of any one part of the system. However, beyond the concept of the system itself, the uncommon map (despite its simplicity) is the main innovative part of the system. The uncommon map helps to determine interest-points in a context-free manner. Overall, the hardware and software systems function reliably, and the computer-vision algorithms are adequate for the first field tests. In addition to the proof-of-concept aspect of these field tests, the main result of these field tests is the enumeration of those issues that we can improve in the future, including: dealing with structural shadow and microtexture, and also, controlling the camera's zoom lens in an intelligent manner. Nonetheless, despite these and other technical inadequacies, this Cyborg Astrobiologist system, consisting of a camera-equipped wearable-computer and its computer-vision algorithms, has demonstrated its ability of finding genuinely interesting points in real-time in the geological scenery, and then gathering more information about these interest points in an automated manner. We use these capabilities for autonomous guidance towards geological points-of-interest., Comment: accepted by ICINCO 2005, 2nd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics, 14-17 September 2005, Barcelona, Spain. 9 pages, 7 figures

Published
2005

9. The Cyborg Astrobiologist: Scouting Red Beds for Uncommon Features with Geological Significance

Author

McGuire, Patrick C., Diaz-Martinez, Enrique, Ormo, Jens, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose A., Sebastian-Martinez, Eduardo, Ritter, Helge, Haschke, Robert, Oesker, Markus, and Ontrup, Joerg

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Software Engineering, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, I.2.10, I.4.6, I.4.8, I.4.9, I.2.9, I.5.4, I.5.5, J.2, J.3, D.2, D.1.7, D.4.7
Abstract

The `Cyborg Astrobiologist' (CA) has undergone a second geological field trial, at a red sandstone site in northern Guadalajara, Spain, near Riba de Santiuste. The Cyborg Astrobiologist is a wearable computer and video camera system that has demonstrated a capability to find uncommon interest points in geological imagery in real-time in the field. The first (of three) geological structures that we studied was an outcrop of nearly homogeneous sandstone, which exhibits oxidized-iron impurities in red and and an absence of these iron impurities in white. The white areas in these ``red beds'' have turned white because the iron has been removed by chemical reduction, perhaps by a biological agent. The computer vision system found in one instance several (iron-free) white spots to be uncommon and therefore interesting, as well as several small and dark nodules. The second geological structure contained white, textured mineral deposits on the surface of the sandstone, which were found by the CA to be interesting. The third geological structure was a 50 cm thick paleosol layer, with fossilized root structures of some plants, which were found by the CA to be interesting. A quasi-blind comparison of the Cyborg Astrobiologist's interest points for these images with the interest points determined afterwards by a human geologist shows that the Cyborg Astrobiologist concurred with the human geologist 68% of the time (true positive rate), with a 32% false positive rate and a 32% false negative rate. (abstract has been abridged)., Comment: to appear in Int'l J. Astrobiology, vol.4, iss.2 (June 2005); 19 pages, 7 figs

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The Cyborg Astrobiologist: First Field Experience

Author

McGuire, Patrick C., Ormo, Jens, Diaz-Martinez, Enrique, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Ritter, Helge, Oesker, Markus, and Ontrup, Joerg

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Software Engineering, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, I.4.8, I.4.6, I.4.0, I.2.9, I.2.10, J.2., I.5.5, I.5.4, I.4.9
Abstract

We present results from the first geological field tests of the `Cyborg Astrobiologist', which is a wearable computer and video camcorder system that we are using to test and train a computer-vision system towards having some of the autonomous decision-making capabilities of a field-geologist and field-astrobiologist. The Cyborg Astrobiologist platform has thus far been used for testing and development of these algorithms and systems: robotic acquisition of quasi-mosaics of images, real-time image segmentation, and real-time determination of interesting points in the image mosaics. The hardware and software systems function reliably, and the computer-vision algorithms are adequate for the first field tests. In addition to the proof-of-concept aspect of these field tests, the main result of these field tests is the enumeration of those issues that we can improve in the future, including: first, detection and accounting for shadows caused by 3D jagged edges in the outcrop; second, reincorporation of more sophisticated texture-analysis algorithms into the system; third, creation of hardware and software capabilities to control the camera's zoom lens in an intelligent manner; and fourth, development of algorithms for interpretation of complex geological scenery. Nonetheless, despite these technical inadequacies, this Cyborg Astrobiologist system, consisting of a camera-equipped wearable-computer and its computer-vision algorithms, has demonstrated its ability of finding genuinely interesting points in real-time in the geological scenery, and then gathering more information about these interest points in an automated manner., Comment: 29 pages, 10 figures (in press)

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Field Geology with a Wearable Computer: First Results of the Cyborg Astrobiologist System

Author

McGuire, Patrick C., Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, Sebastian-Martinez, Eduardo, Ormo, Jens, Diaz-Martinez, Enrique, Ritter, Helge, Oesker, Markus, Haschke, Robert, and Ontrup, Joerg

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics, Computer Science - Robotics, I.4.8, I.4.6, I.4.0, I.2.9, I.2.10, J.2., I.5.5, I.5.4, I.4.9
Abstract

We present results from the first geological field tests of the `Cyborg Astrobiologist', which is a wearable computer and video camcorder system that we are using to test and train a computer-vision system towards having some of the autonomous decision-making capabilities of a field-geologist. The Cyborg Astrobiologist platform has thus far been used for testing and development of these algorithms and systems: robotic acquisition of quasi-mosaics of images, real-time image segmentation, and real-time determination of interesting points in the image mosaics. The hardware and software systems function reliably, and the computer-vision algorithms are adequate for the first field tests. In addition to the proof-of-concept aspect of these field tests, the main result of these field tests is the enumeration of those issues that we can improve in the future, including: dealing with structural shadow and microtexture, and also, controlling the camera's zoom lens in an intelligent manner. Nonetheless, despite these and other technical inadequacies, this Cyborg Astrobiologist system, consisting of a camera-equipped wearable-computer and its computer-vision algorithms, has demonstrated its ability of finding genuinely interesting points in real-time in the geological scenery, and then gathering more information about these interest points in an automated manner., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to ICRA'2005 (Int'l Conf. on Robotics & Automation, IEEE), April 18-22, 2005, Barcelona, Spain

Published
2004

16. Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Studies of the Martian Atmosphere Over Jezero From Pressure Measurements

Author

Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Del Río Gaztelurrutia, María Teresa, Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Martínez, Germán M., Harri, Ari Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hieta, Maria, Polkko, J., Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Lemmon, Mark T., Plá García, Jorge, Toledo, Daniel, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel, Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Tamppari, Leslie, Newman, Claire E., Gómez Elvira, Javier, Guzewich, Scott, Bertrand, Tanguy, Apestigue, Victor, Arruego, Ignacio, Wolff, Michael J., Banfield, Don, Jaakonaho, I., Makinen, T., Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Del Río Gaztelurrutia, María Teresa, Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Martínez, Germán M., Harri, Ari Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hieta, Maria, Polkko, J., Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Lemmon, Mark T., Plá García, Jorge, Toledo, Daniel, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel, Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Tamppari, Leslie, Newman, Claire E., Gómez Elvira, Javier, Guzewich, Scott, Bertrand, Tanguy, Apestigue, Victor, Arruego, Ignacio, Wolff, Michael J., Banfield, Don, Jaakonaho, I., and Makinen, T.

Abstract

The pressure sensors on Mars rover Perseverance measure the pressure field in the Jezero crater on regular hourly basis starting in sol 15 after landing. The present study extends up to sol 460 encompassing the range of solar longitudes from Ls ∼ 13°–241° (Martian Year (MY) 36). The data show the changing daily pressure cycle, the sol-to-sol seasonal evolution of the mean pressure field driven by the CO2 sublimation and deposition cycle at the poles, the characterization of up to six components of the atmospheric tides and their relationship to dust content in the atmosphere. They also show the presence of wave disturbances with periods 2–5 sols, exploring their baroclinic nature, short period oscillations (mainly at night-time) in the range 8–24 min that we interpret as internal gravity waves, transient pressure drops with duration ∼1–150 s produced by vortices, and rapid turbulent fluctuations. We also analyze the effects on pressure measurements produced by a regional dust storm over Jezero at Ls ∼ 155°.

Published
2023

17. Near Surface Atmospheric Temperatures at Jezero From Mars 2020 MEDA Measurements

Author

Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Martínez, Germán M., Newman, Claire E., Sebastián, Eduardo, Lepinette, Alain, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Chide, Baptiste, Lemmon, Mark T., Bertrand, Tanguy, Lorenz, Ralph D., Banfield, Don, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Martín Soler, J., Navarro, Sara, Plá García, Jorge, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Romeral, J., Smith, Michael D., Torres, J., Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Martínez, Germán M., Newman, Claire E., Sebastián, Eduardo, Lepinette, Alain, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Chide, Baptiste, Lemmon, Mark T., Bertrand, Tanguy, Lorenz, Ralph D., Banfield, Don, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Martín Soler, J., Navarro, Sara, Plá García, Jorge, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Romeral, J., Smith, Michael D., and Torres, J.

Abstract

The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer instrument on Mars 2020 has five Atmospheric Temperature Sensors at two altitudes (0.84 and 1.45 m) plus a Thermal InfraRed Sensor that measures temperatures on the surface and at ∼40 m. We analyze the measurements from these sensors to describe the evolution of temperatures in Jezero up to mission sol 400 (solar longitude LS = 13°–203°). The diurnal thermal cycle is characterized by a daytime convective period and a nocturnal stable atmosphere with a variable thermal inversion. We find a linear relationship between the daytime temperature fluctuations and the vertical thermal gradient with temperature fluctuations that peak at noon with typical values of 2.5 K at 1.45 m. In the late afternoon (∼17:00 Local True Solar Time), the atmosphere becomes vertically isothermal with vanishing fluctuations. We observe very small seasonal changes in air temperatures during the period analyzed. This is related to small changes in solar irradiation and dust opacity. However, we find significant changes in surface temperatures that are related to the variety of thermal inertias of the terrains explored along the traverse of Perseverance. These changes strongly influence the vertical thermal gradient, breaking the nighttime thermal inversion over terrains of high thermal inertia. We explore possible detections of atmospheric tides on near-surface temperatures and we examine variations in temperatures over timescales of a few sols that could be indicative of atmospheric waves affecting near-surface temperatures. We also discuss temperatures during a regional dust storm at LS = 153°–156° that simultaneously warmed the near surface atmosphere while cooling the surface.

Published
2023

18. The diverse meteorology of Jezero crater over the first 250 sols of Perseverance on Mars

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), European Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A. [0000-0003-0461-9815], Torre Juarez, Manuel de la [0000-0003-1393-5297], Sánchez-Lavega, A. [0000-0001-7234-7634], Hueso, R. [0000-0003-0169-123X], Martinez, G. [0000-0001-5885-236X], Lemmon, M. T. [0000-0002-4504-5136], Newman, C. E. [0000-0001-9990-8817], Munguira, A. [0000-0002-1677-6327], Jaakonaho, I. [0000-0001-7343-5556], Viudez-Moreiras, D. [0000-0001-8442-3788], Ramos, M. Ángeles [0000-0003-3648-6818], Saiz-Lopez, A. [0000-0002-0060-1581], Lepinette, A. [0000-0002-5213-3521], Sullivan, R. J. [0000-0003-4191-598X], Apestigue, V. [0000-0002-4349-8019], Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del [0000-0001-8552-226X], Murdoch, N. [0000-0002-9701-4075], Arruego, I. [0000-0001-9705-9743], Banfield, D. [0000-0003-2664-0164], Brown, A. J. [0000-0002-9352-6989], Ceballos, J. [0000-0002-6727-1062], Dominguez-Pumar, M. [0000-0001-5439-7953], Espejo, S. [0000-0003-2609-2663], Fischer, E. [0000-0002-2098-5295], Guzewich, S. D. [0000-0003-1149-7385], Makinen, T. [0000-0001-9489-8154], Martin, C. [0000-0002-8898-4061], Molina, A. [0000-0002-5038-2022], Mora-Sotomayor, L. [0000-0002-8209-1190], Navarro, S. [0000-0001-8606-7799], Perez-Grande, I. [0000-0002-7145-2835], Romero, C. [0000-0001-5442-2581], Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juarez, Manuel de la, Sánchez-Lavega, A., Hueso, R., Martínez, G., Lemmon, M. T., Newman, C. E., Munguira, A., Hieta, M., Tamppari, L. K., Polkko, J., Toledo, D., Sebastian, E., Smith, M. D., Jaakonaho, I., Genzer, M., Vicente-Retortillo, A. de, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Ramos, M. Ángeles, Saiz-Lopez, A., Lepinette, A., Wolff, M., Sullivan, R. J., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Apestigue, V., Conrad, P. G., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, Murdoch, N., Arruego, I., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Brown, A. J., Ceballos, J., Dominguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Fairén, A. G., Ferrandiz, R., Fischer, E., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Gimenez, S., Gomez-Gomez, F., Guzewich, S. D., Harri, A. M., Jimenez, J. J., Jimenez, V., Makinen, T., Marin, M., Martín, C., Martin-Soler, J., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Navarro, S., Peinado, V., Pérez-Grande, I., Pla-Garcia, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Richardson, M. I., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Savijärvi, H., Schofield, J. T., Torres, J., Urqui, R., Zurita, S., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), European Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A. [0000-0003-0461-9815], Torre Juarez, Manuel de la [0000-0003-1393-5297], Sánchez-Lavega, A. [0000-0001-7234-7634], Hueso, R. [0000-0003-0169-123X], Martinez, G. [0000-0001-5885-236X], Lemmon, M. T. [0000-0002-4504-5136], Newman, C. E. [0000-0001-9990-8817], Munguira, A. [0000-0002-1677-6327], Jaakonaho, I. [0000-0001-7343-5556], Viudez-Moreiras, D. [0000-0001-8442-3788], Ramos, M. Ángeles [0000-0003-3648-6818], Saiz-Lopez, A. [0000-0002-0060-1581], Lepinette, A. [0000-0002-5213-3521], Sullivan, R. J. [0000-0003-4191-598X], Apestigue, V. [0000-0002-4349-8019], Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del [0000-0001-8552-226X], Murdoch, N. [0000-0002-9701-4075], Arruego, I. [0000-0001-9705-9743], Banfield, D. [0000-0003-2664-0164], Brown, A. J. [0000-0002-9352-6989], Ceballos, J. [0000-0002-6727-1062], Dominguez-Pumar, M. [0000-0001-5439-7953], Espejo, S. [0000-0003-2609-2663], Fischer, E. [0000-0002-2098-5295], Guzewich, S. D. [0000-0003-1149-7385], Makinen, T. [0000-0001-9489-8154], Martin, C. [0000-0002-8898-4061], Molina, A. [0000-0002-5038-2022], Mora-Sotomayor, L. [0000-0002-8209-1190], Navarro, S. [0000-0001-8606-7799], Perez-Grande, I. [0000-0002-7145-2835], Romero, C. [0000-0001-5442-2581], Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juarez, Manuel de la, Sánchez-Lavega, A., Hueso, R., Martínez, G., Lemmon, M. T., Newman, C. E., Munguira, A., Hieta, M., Tamppari, L. K., Polkko, J., Toledo, D., Sebastian, E., Smith, M. D., Jaakonaho, I., Genzer, M., Vicente-Retortillo, A. de, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Ramos, M. Ángeles, Saiz-Lopez, A., Lepinette, A., Wolff, M., Sullivan, R. J., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Apestigue, V., Conrad, P. G., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, Murdoch, N., Arruego, I., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Brown, A. J., Ceballos, J., Dominguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Fairén, A. G., Ferrandiz, R., Fischer, E., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Gimenez, S., Gomez-Gomez, F., Guzewich, S. D., Harri, A. M., Jimenez, J. J., Jimenez, V., Makinen, T., Marin, M., Martín, C., Martin-Soler, J., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Navarro, S., Peinado, V., Pérez-Grande, I., Pla-Garcia, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Richardson, M. I., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Savijärvi, H., Schofield, J. T., Torres, J., Urqui, R., and Zurita, S.

Abstract

NASA’s Perseverance rover’s Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer is collecting data at Jezero crater, characterizing the physical processes in the lowest layer of the Martian atmosphere. Here we present measurements from the instrument’s first 250 sols of operation, revealing a spatially and temporally variable meteorology at Jezero. We find that temperature measurements at four heights capture the response of the atmospheric surface layer to multiple phenomena. We observe the transition from a stable night-time thermal inversion to a daytime, highly turbulent convective regime, with large vertical thermal gradients. Measurement of multiple daily optical depths suggests aerosol concentrations are higher in the morning than in the afternoon. Measured wind patterns are driven mainly by local topography, with a small contribution from regional winds. Daily and seasonal variability of relative humidity shows a complex hydrologic cycle. These observations suggest that changes in some local surface properties, such as surface albedo and thermal inertia, play an influential role. On a larger scale, surface pressure measurements show typical signatures of gravity waves and baroclinic eddies in a part of the seasonal cycle previously characterized as low wave activity. These observations, both combined and simultaneous, unveil the diversity of processes driving change on today’s Martian surface at Jezero crater.

Published
2023

19. FRISER-IRMIX Database: A Web-Based Support System with Implications in Planetary Mineralogical Studies, Ground Temperature Measurements and Astrobiology

Author

Martínez-Frias, Jesús, Rubio, María Serrano, Martín-Torres, F. Javier, Zorzano, María Paz, Rodríguez-Manfredi, José A., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, team, REMS, Blondel, Philippe, Series editor, Reitner, Joachim, Series editor, Stüwe, Kurt, Series editor, Trauth, Martin H., Series editor, Yuen, David A., Series editor, Pardo-Igúzquiza, Eulogio, editor, Guardiola-Albert, Carolina, editor, Heredia, Javier, editor, Moreno-Merino, Luis, editor, Durán, Juan José, editor, and Vargas-Guzmán, Jose Antonio, editor

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. 'Strategies of Life Detection': Summary and Outlook

Author

Botta, Oliver, Bada, Jeffrey L., Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Javaux, Emmanuelle, Selsis, Franck, Summons, Roger, Botta, Oliver, editor, Bada, Jeffrey L., editor, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, editor, Javaux, Emmanuelle, editor, Selsis, Franck, editor, and Summons, Roger, editor

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Mars' Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity Rover

Author

MSL Science Team, Hassler, Donald M., Zeitlin, Cary, Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F., Ehresmann, Bent, Rafkin, Scot, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., Brinza, David E., Weigle, Gerald, Böttcher, Stephan, Böhm, Eckart, Burmeister, Soenke, Guo, Jingnan, Köhler, Jan, Martin, Cesar, Reitz, Guenther, Cucinotta, Francis A., Kim, Myung-Hee, Grinspoon, David, Bullock, Mark A., Posner, Arik, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Vasavada, Ashwin, and Grotzinger, John P.

Published
2014

24. The rich meteorology of Jezero crater over the first 250 sols of Perseverance on Mars

Author

Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose, primary, Juarez, Manuel de la Torre, additional, Sanchez-Lavega, Agustin, additional, Hueso, Ricardo, additional, Martinez, German, additional, Lemmon, Mark, additional, Newman, Claire, additional, Munguira, Asier, additional, Hieta, Maria, additional, Tamppari, Leslie, additional, Polkko, Jouni, additional, Toledo, Daniel, additional, Sebastian, Eduardo, additional, Smith, Michael, additional, Jaakonaho, Iina, additional, Genzer, Maria, additional, de Vicente-Retortillo, Alvaro, additional, Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel, additional, Ramos, Miguel, additional, Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso, additional, Lepinette, Alain, additional, Wolff, Michael, additional, Sullivan, Robert, additional, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, additional, Apestigue, Victor, additional, Conrad, Pamela, additional, Río-Gaztelurrutia, T. del, additional, Murdoch, Naomi, additional, Arruego, Ignacio, additional, Banfield, Donald, additional, Boland, Justin, additional, Brown, Adrian, additional, Ceballos, Joaquin, additional, Dominguez-Pumar, Manuel, additional, Espejo, Servando, additional, Fairen, Alberto, additional, Ferrandiz, Ricardo, additional, Fischer, Erik, additional, Garcia-Villadangos, Miriam, additional, Gimenez, Silvia, additional, Gomez-Gomez, Felipe, additional, Guzewich, Scott, additional, Harri, Ari-Matti, additional, Jimenez, Juan, additional, Jimenez, Vicente, additional, Makinen, Teemu, additional, Marin-Jimenez, Mercedes, additional, Martin-Rubio, Carolina, additional, Martin-Soler, Javier, additional, Molina, Antonio, additional, Mora-Sotomayor, Luis, additional, Lopez, Sara Navarro, additional, Peinado, Veronica, additional, Perez-Grande, Isabel, additional, Pla-Garcia, Jorge, additional, Postigo, Marina, additional, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, additional, Rafkin, Scot, additional, Richardson, Mark, additional, Romeral, Julio, additional, Romero, Catalina, additional, Savijärvi, Hannu, additional, Schofield, John, additional, Torres, Josefina, additional, Urqui, Roser, additional, Zurita, Sofia, additional, and team, MEDA, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. The dynamic atmospheric and aeolian environment of Jezero crater, Mars

Author

Newman, Claire E., primary, Hueso, Ricardo, additional, Lemmon, Mark T., additional, Munguira, Asier, additional, Vicente-Retortillo, Álvaro, additional, Apestigue, Víctor, additional, Martínez, Germán M., additional, Toledo, Daniel, additional, Sullivan, Rob, additional, Herkenhoff, Ken E., additional, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, additional, Richardson, Mark I., additional, Stott, Alexander E., additional, Murdoch, Naomi, additional, Sanchez-Lavega, Agustín, additional, Wolff, Michael J., additional, Arruego, Ignacio, additional, Sebastián, Eduardo, additional, Navarro, Sara, additional, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, additional, Tamppari, Leslie, additional, Smith, Michael D., additional, Lepinette, Alain, additional, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, additional, Harri, Ari-Matti, additional, Genzer, Maria, additional, Hieta, Maria, additional, Lorenz, Ralph D., additional, Conrad, Pan, additional, Gómez, Felipe, additional, McConnochie, Timothy H., additional, Mimoun, David, additional, Tate, Christian, additional, Bertrand, Tanguy, additional, Bell, James F., additional, Maki, Justin N., additional, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Chide, Baptiste, additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, Zorzano, Maria-Paz, additional, Mora, Luis, additional, Baker, Mariah M., additional, Banfield, Don, additional, Pla-Garcia, Jorge, additional, Beyssac, Olivier, additional, Brown, Adrian, additional, Clark, Ben, additional, Montmessin, Franck, additional, Fischer, Erik, additional, Patel, Priyaben, additional, del Río-Gaztelurrutia, Teresa, additional, Fouchet, Thierry, additional, Francis, Raymond, additional, and Guzewich, Scott D., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Winds at the Mars 2020 Landing Site. 2. Wind Variability and Turbulence

Author

Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Lorenz, Ralph D., Apestigue, Victor, Guzewich, Scott, Mischna, Michael, Sullivan, Rob, Herkenhoff, Kenneth, Toledo, Daniel, Lemmon, Mark T., Smith, Michael D., Newman, Claire E., Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Richardson, Mark I., Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Harri, Ari Matti, Tamppari, Leslie, Arruego, Ignacio, Bell, James, Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Lorenz, Ralph D., Apestigue, Victor, Guzewich, Scott, Mischna, Michael, Sullivan, Rob, Herkenhoff, Kenneth, Toledo, Daniel, Lemmon, Mark T., Smith, Michael D., Newman, Claire E., Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Richardson, Mark I., Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Harri, Ari Matti, Tamppari, Leslie, Arruego, Ignacio, and Bell, James

Abstract

Wind speeds measured by the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover in Jezero crater were fitted as a Weibull distribution. InSight wind data acquired in Elysium Planitia were also used to contextualize observations. Jezero winds were found to be much calmer on average than in previous landing sites, despite the intense aeolian activity observed. However, a great influence of turbulence and wave activity was observed in the wind speed variations, thus driving the probability of reaching the highest wind speeds at Jezero, instead of sustained winds driven by local, regional, or large-scale circulation. The power spectral density of wind speed fluctuations follows a power-law, whose slope deviates depending on the time of day from that predicted considering homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. Daytime wave activity is related to convection cells and smaller eddies in the boundary layer, advected over the crater. The signature of convection cells was also found during dust storm conditions, when prevailing winds were consistent with a tidal drive. Nighttime fluctuations were also intense, suggesting strong mechanical turbulence. Convective vortices were usually involved in rapid wind fluctuations and extreme winds, with variations peaking at 9.2 times the background winds. Transient high wind events by vortex-passages, turbulence, and wave activity could be driving aeolian activity at Jezero. We report the detection of a strong dust cloud of 0.75–1.5 km in length passing over the rover. The observed aeolian activity had major implications for instrumentation, with the wind sensor suffering damage throughout the mission, probably due to flying debris advected by winds.

Published
2022

27. The sound of a Martian dust devil

Author

Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Murdoch, Naomi, Stott, Alexander E., Gillier, M., Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Lemmon, Mark T., Martínez, Germán, Apestigue, Victor, Toledo, Daniel, Lorenz, Ralph D., Chide, Baptiste, Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Newman, Claire E., Maurice, Sylvestre, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Bertrand, Tanguy, Banfield, Don, Navarro, Sara, Marín Jiménez, Mercedes, Torres Redondo, Josefina, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Jacob, Xavier, Cadu, A., Sournac, A., Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Wiens, Roger C., Mimoun, David, Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Murdoch, Naomi, Stott, Alexander E., Gillier, M., Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Lemmon, Mark T., Martínez, Germán, Apestigue, Victor, Toledo, Daniel, Lorenz, Ralph D., Chide, Baptiste, Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Newman, Claire E., Maurice, Sylvestre, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Bertrand, Tanguy, Banfield, Don, Navarro, Sara, Marín Jiménez, Mercedes, Torres Redondo, Josefina, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Jacob, Xavier, Cadu, A., Sournac, A., Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Wiens, Roger C., and Mimoun, David

Abstract

Dust devils (convective vortices loaded with dust) are common at the surface of Mars, particularly at Jezero crater, the landing site of the Perseverance rover. They are indicators of atmospheric turbulence and are an important lifting mechanism for the Martian dust cycle. Improving our understanding of dust lifting and atmospheric transport is key for accurate simulation of the dust cycle and for the prediction of dust storms, in addition to being important for future space exploration as grain impacts are implicated in the degradation of hardware on the surface of Mars. Here we describe the sound of a Martian dust devil as recorded by the SuperCam instrument on the Perseverance rover. The dust devil encounter was also simultaneously imaged by the Perseverance rover's Navigation Camera and observed by several sensors in the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer instrument. Combining these unique multi-sensorial data with modelling, we show that the dust devil was around 25m large, at least 118m tall, and passed directly over the rover travelling at approximately 5ms-1. Acoustic signals of grain impacts recorded during the vortex encounter provide quantitative information about the number density of particles in the vortex. The sound of a Martian dust devil was inaccessible until SuperCam microphone recordings. This chance dust devil encounter demonstrates the potential of acoustic data for resolving the rapid wind structure of the Martian atmosphere and for directly quantifying wind-blown grain fluxes on Mars.

Published
2022

28. The dynamic atmospheric and aeolian environment of Jezero crater, Mars

Author

Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Newman, Claire E., Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Lemmon, Mark T., Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Apestigue, Victor, Martínez, Germán, Toledo, Daniel, Sullivan, Rob, Herkenhoff, Kenneth, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Richardson, Mark I., Stott, Alexander E., Murdoch, Naomi, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Wolff, Michael J., Arruego, Ignacio, Sebastián, Eduardo, Navarro, Sara, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Tamppari, Leslie, Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel, Harri, Ari Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hieta, Maria, Lorenz, Ralph D., Conrad, Pan, Gómez, Felipe, McConnochie, Timothy, Mimoun, David, Tate, Christian, Bertrand, Tanguy, Bell, James, Maki, Justin N., Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Wiens, Roger C., Chide, Baptiste, Maurice, Sylvestre, Zorzano, María Paz, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Baker, Mariah M., Banfield, Don, Plá García, Jorge, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Clark, Ben, Lepinette, Alain, Montmessin, Franck, Fischer, Erik, Patel, Priyaben, Del Río Gaztelurrutia, María Teresa, Fouchet, Thierry, Francis, Raymond, Guzewich, Scott, Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Newman, Claire E., Hueso Alonso, Ricardo, Lemmon, Mark T., Munguira Ruiz, Asier, Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Apestigue, Victor, Martínez, Germán, Toledo, Daniel, Sullivan, Rob, Herkenhoff, Kenneth, de la Torre Juárez, Manuel, Richardson, Mark I., Stott, Alexander E., Murdoch, Naomi, Sánchez Lavega, Agustín María, Wolff, Michael J., Arruego, Ignacio, Sebastián, Eduardo, Navarro, Sara, Gómez Elvira, Javier, Tamppari, Leslie, Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel, Harri, Ari Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hieta, Maria, Lorenz, Ralph D., Conrad, Pan, Gómez, Felipe, McConnochie, Timothy, Mimoun, David, Tate, Christian, Bertrand, Tanguy, Bell, James, Maki, Justin N., Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Wiens, Roger C., Chide, Baptiste, Maurice, Sylvestre, Zorzano, María Paz, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Baker, Mariah M., Banfield, Don, Plá García, Jorge, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Clark, Ben, Lepinette, Alain, Montmessin, Franck, Fischer, Erik, Patel, Priyaben, Del Río Gaztelurrutia, María Teresa, Fouchet, Thierry, Francis, Raymond, and Guzewich, Scott

Abstract

Despite the importance of sand and dust to Mars geomorphology, weather, and exploration, the processes that move sand and that raise dust to maintain Mars' ubiquitous dust haze and to produce dust storms have not been well quantified in situ, with missions lacking either the necessary sensors or a sufficiently active aeolian environment. Perseverance rover's novel environmental sensors and Jezero crater's dusty environment remedy this. In Perseverance's first 216 sols, four convective vortices raised dust locally, while, on average, four passed the rover daily, over 25% of which were significantly dusty ("dust devils"). More rarely, dust lifting by nonvortex wind gusts was produced by daytime convection cells advected over the crater by strong regional daytime upslope winds, which also control aeolian surface features. One such event covered 10 times more area than the largest dust devil, suggesting that dust devils and wind gusts could raise equal amounts of dust under nonstorm conditions.

Published
2022

29. The near-surface wind patterns as observed by NASA’s Mars 2020 Mission at Jezero Crater, Mars

Author

Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, primary, Newman, Claire E., additional, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, additional, Harri, Ari-Matti, additional, Genzer, María, additional, Tamppari, Leslie, additional, de la Torre, Manuel, additional, Sánchez, Agustín, additional, Hueso, Ricardo, additional, Guzewich, Scott, additional, Sullivan, Rob, additional, Pla, Jorge, additional, Navarro, Sara, additional, Munguira, Asier, additional, Lorenz, Ralph, additional, Herkenhoff, Kenneth, additional, Rodríguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, additional, and MEDA team, the, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Overview of Near-Surface Atmospheric Processes at Jezero from Meda Observations

Author

de la Torre-Juárez, Manuel, Rodríguez Manfredi, Jose, Martínez, Germán, Newman, Claire, Lemmon, Mark, Hueso, Ricardo, Munguira, Asier, Tamppari, Leslie, Sanchez-Lavega, Augustin, Apestigue, Victor, Arruego, Ignacio, Banfield, Donald, Boland, Justin, Conrad, Pamela, del Rio, Teresa, Vicente -Retortillo, Álvaro, Dominguez-Pumar, Manuel, Fischer, Erik, Genzer, Maria, Gimenez, S., Gómez Elvira, Javier, Gómez, Felipe, Guzewich, Scott, Harri, Ari-Matti, Hieta, M., Jimenez, Victor, Lepinette, Alain, Marín, M., Martin-Rubio, Carolina, Molina, Antonio, Montmessin, Franck, Mora-Sotomayor, Luis, Navarro, Sara, Peinado, Veronica, Pérez‐hoyos, Santiago, Pla‐garcía, Jorge, Polkko, Jouni, Romeral, Julio, Romero, C., Savijärvi, Hannu, Sebastian, E., Smith, M.D., Sullivan, Rob, Tate, Christian, Toledo-Carrasco, Daniel, Torres, Josefina, Urquí, Roser, Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel, Wolff, Michael, Zorzano, Maria-Paz, Zurita, Sofia, and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Published
2022

33. Future voyages to the solar system

Author

Prieto Ballesteros, Olga, Ceballos Cáceres, Joaquín, Doménech, José Luis, García-Castellanos, Daniel, García-Guinea, Javier, González-Galindo, F., Gómez Elvira, Javier, Gómez, Felipe, Gómez Martín, Juan Carlos, Gutiérrez, Pedro J., Llorens, Maria-Gema, Mateo Martí, Eva, Molina-Jurado, Antonio, Muñoz Caro, Guillermo, Muñoz, Olga, Muñoz Iglesias, Victoria, Osorio, Mayra, Pla García, Jorge, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Sanchez Muñoz, Luis, Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep María, and Zorzano, Maria Paz

Abstract

CHALLENGE 2: FUTURE VOYAGES TO THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Published
2021

34. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission

Author

Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juárez, Manuel de la, Alonso, A., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Atienza, T., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Carrera, M. A., Castañer, L., Ceballos, J., Chen-Chen, H., Cobos, A., Conrad, P.G., Cordoba, E., Río-Gaztelurrutia, T. del, Vicente-Retortillo, A. de, Domínguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gómez, F., Fairen, A.G., Fernández-Palma, A., Ferrándiz, R., Ferri, F., Fischer, E., García-Manchado, A., García-Villadangos, M., Genzer, M., Giménez, S., Guzewich, Scott D., Harri, A.M., Hernández, C.D., Hieta, M., Hueso, R., Jaakonaho, I., Jiménez, J.J., Jiménez, V., Larman, A., Leiter, R., Lepinette, A., Lemmon, M.T., López, G., Madsen, S.N., Mäkinen, T., Marín, M., Martín-Soler, J., Martínez, G., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Moreno-Álvarez, J.F., Navarro, S., Ortega, C., Parrondo, M.C., Peinado, V., Peña, A., Pérez-Grande, I., Pérez-Hoyos, S., Pla-García, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Ramos, M., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Saiz-Lopez, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Sard, I., Sebastian, E., Toledo, D., Torrero, F., Torres, J., Urquí, R., Velasco, T., Viúdez-Moreiras, D., Zurita, S., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)

Abstract

86 pags., 49 figs., 24 tabs. NASA’s Mars 2020 (M2020) rover mission includes a suite of sensors to monitor current environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and to constrain bulk aerosol properties from changes in atmospheric radiation at the surface. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) consists of a set of meteorological sensors including wind sensor, a barometer, a relative humidity sensor, a set of 5 thermocouples to measure atmospheric temperature at ∼1.5 m and ∼0.5 m above the surface, a set of thermopiles to characterize the thermal IR brightness temperatures of the surface and the lower atmosphere. MEDA adds a radiation and dust sensor to monitor the optical atmospheric properties that can be used to infer bulk aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution, non-sphericity, and concentration. The MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft. This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the projects No. ESP2014-54256-C4-1-R (also -2-R, -3-R and -4-R) and AYA2015-65041-P; Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, projects No. ESP2016-79612-C3-1-R (also -2-R and -3-R), ESP2016-80320-C2-1-R, RTI2018-098728-B-C31 (also -C32 and -C33) and RTI2018-099825-B-C31; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial; Ministry of Science and Innovation’s Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology; Grupos Gobierno Vasco IT1366-19; and European Research Council Consolidator Grant no 818602. The US co-authors performed their work under sponsorship from NASA’s Mars 2020 project, from the Game Changing Development program within the Space Technology Mission Directorate and from the Human Exploration and Operations Directorate.

Published
2021

35. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, European Research Council, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juárez, M. de la, Alonso, A., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Atienza, T., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Carrera, M. A., Castañer, L., Ceballos-Cáceres, J., Chen-Chen, H, Cobos, A., Conrad, P.G., Cordoba, E., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, de Vicente Retortillo, A., Domínguez-Pumar, M., Díaz-Espejo, Antonio, González Fairén, Alberto, Fernández-Palma, A., Ferrándiz, Ricardo, Ferri, F., Fischer, E., García-Manchado, A., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Genzer, M., Giménez, S., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gómez, Felipe, Guzewich, Scott D., Harri, A-M, Hernández, C.D., Hieta, M., Hueso, R., Jaakonaho, I., Jiménez, J. J., Jiménez, V., Larman, A., Leiter, R., Lepinette, Alain, Lemmon, M.T., López, G, Madsen, S.N., Mäkinen, T., Marín, M., Martín Soler, Javier, Martínez, G., Molina-Jurado, Antonio, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Moreno-Álvarez, J. F., Navarro, Sara, Newman, C E, Ortega, C., Parrondo, M.C., Peinado, Verónica, Peña, A., Pérez-Grande, I., Pérez-Hoyos, S., Pla-García, Jorge, Polkko, J., Postigo Cacho, Marina, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Ramos, M. Ángeles, Richardson, M. I., Romeral Planelló, Julio J., Romero, C, Runyon, K D, Saiz-Lopez, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Sard, I., Schofield, J. T., Sebastián-Martínez, Eduardo, Smith, M D, Sullivan, R J, Tamppari, L K, Thompson, A D, Toledo, D, Torrero, F, Torres-Redondo, Josefina, Urquí, R., Velasco, T., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Zurita, S., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, European Research Council, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juárez, M. de la, Alonso, A., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Atienza, T., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Carrera, M. A., Castañer, L., Ceballos-Cáceres, J., Chen-Chen, H, Cobos, A., Conrad, P.G., Cordoba, E., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, de Vicente Retortillo, A., Domínguez-Pumar, M., Díaz-Espejo, Antonio, González Fairén, Alberto, Fernández-Palma, A., Ferrándiz, Ricardo, Ferri, F., Fischer, E., García-Manchado, A., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Genzer, M., Giménez, S., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gómez, Felipe, Guzewich, Scott D., Harri, A-M, Hernández, C.D., Hieta, M., Hueso, R., Jaakonaho, I., Jiménez, J. J., Jiménez, V., Larman, A., Leiter, R., Lepinette, Alain, Lemmon, M.T., López, G, Madsen, S.N., Mäkinen, T., Marín, M., Martín Soler, Javier, Martínez, G., Molina-Jurado, Antonio, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Moreno-Álvarez, J. F., Navarro, Sara, Newman, C E, Ortega, C., Parrondo, M.C., Peinado, Verónica, Peña, A., Pérez-Grande, I., Pérez-Hoyos, S., Pla-García, Jorge, Polkko, J., Postigo Cacho, Marina, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Ramos, M. Ángeles, Richardson, M. I., Romeral Planelló, Julio J., Romero, C, Runyon, K D, Saiz-Lopez, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Sard, I., Schofield, J. T., Sebastián-Martínez, Eduardo, Smith, M D, Sullivan, R J, Tamppari, L K, Thompson, A D, Toledo, D, Torrero, F, Torres-Redondo, Josefina, Urquí, R., Velasco, T., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, and Zurita, S.

Abstract

NASA's Mars 2020 (M2020) rover mission includes a suite of sensors to monitor current environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and to constrain bulk aerosol properties from changes in atmospheric radiation at the surface. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) consists of a set of meteorological sensors including wind sensor, a barometer, a relative humidity sensor, a set of 5 thermocouples to measure atmospheric temperature at ∼1.5 m and ∼0.5 m above the surface, a set of thermopiles to characterize the thermal IR brightness temperatures of the surface and the lower atmosphere. MEDA adds a radiation and dust sensor to monitor the optical atmospheric properties that can be used to infer bulk aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution, non-sphericity, and concentration. The MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft.

Published
2021

36. Mars Science Laboratory Mission and Science Investigation

Author

Grotzinger, John P., Crisp, Joy, Vasavada, Ashwin R., Anderson, Robert C., Baker, Charles J., Barry, Robert, Blake, David F., Conrad, Pamela, Edgett, Kenneth S., Ferdowski, Bobak, Gellert, Ralf, Gilbert, John B., Golombek, Matt, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Hassler, Donald M., Jandura, Louise, Litvak, Maxim, Mahaffy, Paul, Maki, Justin, Meyer, Michael, Malin, Michael C., Mitrofanov, Igor, Simmonds, John J., Vaniman, David, Welch, Richard V., and Wiens, Roger C.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Marsʼ Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratoryʼs Curiosity Rover

Author

Hassler, Donald M., Zeitlin, Cary, Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F., Ehresmann, Bent, Rafkin, Scot, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., Brinza, David E., Weigle, Gerald, Böttcher, Stephan, Böhm, Eckart, Burmeister, Soenke, Guo, Jingnan, Köhler, Jan, Martin, Cesar, Reitz, Guenther, Cucinotta, Francis A., Kim, Myung-Hee, Grinspoon, David, Bullock, Mark A., Posner, Arik, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Vasavada, Ashwin, and Grotzinger, John P.

Published
2014

38. A multiplex antigen microarray for simultaneous IgG and IgM detection against SARS‐CoV‐2 reveals higher seroprevalence than reported

Author

Ruano‐Gallego, David, primary, García‐Villadangos, Miriam, additional, Moreno‐Paz, Mercedes, additional, Gómez‐Elvira, Javier, additional, Postigo, Marina, additional, Simón‐Sacristán, María, additional, Reyburn, Hugh T., additional, Carolis, Carlo, additional, Rodrigo, Natalia, additional, Codeseira, Yaiza B., additional, Rueda, Paloma, additional, Zúñiga, Sonia, additional, Enjuanes, Luis, additional, and Parro, Victor, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Effects of a Large Dust Storm in the Near‐Surface Atmosphere as Measured by InSight in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Comparison With Contemporaneous Measurements by Mars Science Laboratory

Author

Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Newman, C.E., Forget, F., Lemmon, M., Banfield, D., Spiga, A., Lepinette, Alain, Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Pla-García, Jorge, Muller, N., Grott, M., TWINS/InSight team, Spiga, A. [0000-0002-6776-6268], Lemmon, M. [0000-0002-4504-5136], Newman, C. [0000-0001-9990-8817], Pla garcía, J. [0000-0002-8047-3937], Mueller, N. [0000-0001-9229-8921], Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) ESP2016-79612-C3-1-R, InSight Participating Scientist Grant 80NSSC18K1630, and InSight Participating Scientist Grant

Subjects
Dust storm, animal diseases, media_common.quotation_subject, Mars, Mars Exploration Program, Atmosphere of Mars, Near surface atmospheres, InSight Lander, Astrobiology, Elysium, Atmosphere, Geophysics, Planetenphysik, Mars atmosphere, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, dust storm, Gratitude, Elysium Planitia, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Christian ministry, Geology, media_common
Abstract

NASA's InSight landed in Elysium Planitia (~4.5°N,136°E) at L ~ 296° (November 2018), right after the decay of the 2018 Global Dust Storm (GDS) and before the onset of the 2019 Large Dust Storm (LDS) at L ~ 320° (January 2019). InSight's cameras observed a rise in the atmospheric opacities during the storm from ~0.7 to ~1.9, similarly to contemporaneous measurements by Curiosity in Gale crater. Pressure tides were strongly affected at the locations of InSight and Curiosity. In particular, the diurnal pressure mode experienced an abrupt increase during the onset of the LDS, similar to that measured by Curiosity, most likely due to longitudinally asymmetric dust loading. Later, the dust was redistributed around the planet and the semidiurnal mode evolved according to dust opacity in both missions. Before and after the onset of the storm, the observed wind patterns resulted from the interaction between regional and local slope flows induced by topography, which all produced a diurnal perturbation superimposed on a mean flow, dominated by the Hadley cell but with modifications due to channeling effects from the regional topography. However, the onset of the LDS modified this to a scenario consistent with enhanced tidal flows. The local air temperatures are strongly perturbed by the lander's thermal effects, and their retrieval significantly depends on wind patterns, which changed during the course of the dust storm. Observations suggest a decrease in convective vortices during the dust storm; however, vortex activity remained strong during the storm's onset due to the increase in wind speeds., With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

Published
2020

41. The atmosphere of Mars as observed by InSight

Author

Banfield, D., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Pla-García, Jorge, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Navarro, Sara, Torres-Redondo, Josefina, Lepinette, Alain, Molina, A., Marin-Jimenez, Mercedes, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Peinado, Verónica, Rodríguez Manfredi, J.A., Banerdt, William B., Banfield, D., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Pla-García, Jorge, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Navarro, Sara, Torres-Redondo, Josefina, Lepinette, Alain, Molina, A., Marin-Jimenez, Mercedes, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Peinado, Verónica, Rodríguez Manfredi, J.A., and Banerdt, William B.

Abstract

The atmosphere of Mars is thin, although rich in dust aerosols, and covers a dry surface. As such, Mars provides an opportunity to expand our knowledge of atmospheres beyond that attainable from the atmosphere of the Earth. The InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) lander is measuring Mars’s atmosphere with unprecedented continuity, accuracy and sampling frequency. Here we show that InSight unveils new atmospheric phenomena at Mars, especially in the higher-frequency range, and extends our understanding of Mars’s meteorology at all scales. InSight is uniquely sensitive to large-scale and regional weather and obtained detailed in situ coverage of a regional dust storm on Mars. Images have enabled high-altitude wind speeds to be measured and revealed airglow—faint emissions produced by photochemical reactions—in the middle atmosphere. InSight observations show a paradox of aeolian science on Mars: despite having the largest recorded Martian vortex activity and dust-devil tracks close to the lander, no visible dust devils have been seen. Meteorological measurements have produced a catalogue of atmospheric gravity waves, which included bores (soliton-like waves). From these measurements, we have discovered Martian infrasound and unexpected similarities between atmospheric turbulence on Earth and Mars. We suggest that the observations of Mars’s atmosphere by InSight will be key for prediction capabilities and future exploration.

Published
2020

42. The Complex Molecules Detector (CMOLD): A Fluidic-Based Instrument Suite to Search for (Bio)chemical Complexity on Mars and Icy Moons

Author

Fairén, Alberto G., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Briones, Carlos, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, López Heredero, R., Belenguer, T., Moral, A.G., Moreno-Paz, Mercedes, Parro-García, Víctor, Fairén, Alberto G., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Briones, Carlos, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, López Heredero, R., Belenguer, T., Moral, A.G., Moreno-Paz, Mercedes, and Parro-García, Víctor

Abstract

Organic chemistry is ubiquitous in the Solar System, and both Mars and a number of icy satellites of the outer Solar System show substantial promise for having hosted or hosting life. Here, we propose a novel astrobiologically focused instrument suite that could be included as scientific payload in future missions to Mars or the icy moons: the Complex Molecules Detector, or CMOLD. CMOLD is devoted to determining different levels of prebiotic/biotic chemical and structural targets following a chemically general approach (i.e., valid for both terrestrial and nonterrestrial life), as well as their compatibility with terrestrial life. CMOLD is based on a microfluidic block that distributes a liquid suspension sample to three instruments by using complementary technologies: (1) novel microscopic techniques for identifying ultrastructures and cell-like morphologies, (2) Raman spectroscopy for detecting universal intramolecular complexity that leads to biochemical functionality, and (3) bioaffinity-based systems (including antibodies and aptamers as capture probes) for finding life-related and nonlife-related molecular structures. We highlight our current developments to make this type of instruments flight-ready for upcoming Mars missions: the Raman spectrometer included in the science payload of the ESAs Rosalind Franklin rover (Raman Laser Spectrometer instrument) to be launched in 2022, and the biomarker detector that was included as payload in the NASA Icebreaker lander mission proposal (SOLID instrument). CMOLD is a robust solution that builds on the combination of three complementary, existing techniques to cover a wide spectrum of targets in the search for (bio)chemical complexity in the Solar System.

Published
2020

43. Advective Fluxes in the Martian Regolith as a Mechanism Driving Methane and Other Trace Gas Emissions to the Atmosphere

Author

Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Arvidson, R.E., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Webster, Christopher R., Newman, C.E., Mahaffy, P., Vasavada, Ashwin R., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Arvidson, R.E., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Webster, Christopher R., Newman, C.E., Mahaffy, P., and Vasavada, Ashwin R.

Abstract

Advective fluxes influence methane and CO soil emissions into the atmosphere on Earth and may drive trace gas emissions in the Mars atmosphere. However, their relevance in the Martian regolith has not been evaluated to date. Our regolith transport simulations show that advective fluxes can be relevant under Martian conditions and may drive the methane abundance detected by Mars Science Laboratory. Trace gas emissions would be highest in regions where winds interact with topography. Emissions in these regions may be further enhanced by time-varying pressure fields produced by diurnal thermal tides and atmospheric turbulence. Trace gases such as methane should be emitted or produced from the first layers of regolith, or quickly transported to this region from a deeper reservoir through fractured media.

Published
2020

44. Introduction-Centro de Astrobiología: 20 Years Building Astrobiology

Author

Parro-García, Víctor, Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Giménez, Á., Pérez-Mercader, Juan, Parro-García, Víctor, Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Giménez, Á., and Pérez-Mercader, Juan

Abstract

descripción no proporcionada por scopus

Published
2020

45. Mars Science Laboratory Mission and Science Investigation

Author

Grotzinger, John P., primary, Crisp, Joy, additional, Vasavada, Ashwin R., additional, Anderson, Robert C., additional, Baker, Charles J., additional, Barry, Robert, additional, Blake, David F., additional, Conrad, Pamela, additional, Edgett, Kenneth S., additional, Ferdowski, Bobak, additional, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Gilbert, John B., additional, Golombek, Matt, additional, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, additional, Hassler, Donald M., additional, Jandura, Louise, additional, Litvak, Maxim, additional, Mahaffy, Paul, additional, Maki, Justin, additional, Meyer, Michael, additional, Malin, Michael C., additional, Mitrofanov, Igor, additional, Simmonds, John J., additional, Vaniman, David, additional, Welch, Richard V., additional, and Wiens, Roger C., additional

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. The Complex Molecules Detector (CMOLD): A Fluidic-Based Instrument Suite to Search for (Bio)chemical Complexity on Mars and Icy Moons

Author

Fairén, Alberto G., primary, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, additional, Briones, Carlos, additional, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, additional, Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, additional, López Heredero, Raquel, additional, Belenguer, Tomás, additional, Moral, Andoni G., additional, Moreno-Paz, Mercedes, additional, and Parro, Víctor, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Mars Science Laboratory Observations of the 2018/Mars Year 34 Global Dust Storm

Author

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Guzewich, Scott D., Lemmon, M., Smith, Christina L., Martínez, G., de Vicente-Retortillo, Á., Newman, C.E., Baker, M., Campbell, C., Cooper, B., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Harri, Ari-Matti, Hassler, Donald M., Martín-Torres, F. J., McConnochie, Timothy H., Moores, J. E., Kahanpää, Henrik, Khayat, A., Richardson, M. I., Smith, M. D., Sullivan, R., Torre Juárez, Manuel de la, Vasavada, Ashwin R., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Zeitlin, C., Zorzano, María Paz, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Guzewich, Scott D., Lemmon, M., Smith, Christina L., Martínez, G., de Vicente-Retortillo, Á., Newman, C.E., Baker, M., Campbell, C., Cooper, B., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Harri, Ari-Matti, Hassler, Donald M., Martín-Torres, F. J., McConnochie, Timothy H., Moores, J. E., Kahanpää, Henrik, Khayat, A., Richardson, M. I., Smith, M. D., Sullivan, R., Torre Juárez, Manuel de la, Vasavada, Ashwin R., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Zeitlin, C., and Zorzano, María Paz

Abstract

Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover observations of the 2018/Mars year 34 global/planet-encircling dust storm represent the first in situ measurements of a global dust storm with dedicated meteorological sensors since the Viking Landers. The Mars Science Laboratory team planned and executed a science campaign lasting approximately 100 Martian sols to study the storm involving an enhanced cadence of environmental monitoring using the rover's meteorological sensors, cameras, and spectrometers. Mast Camera 880-nm optical depth reached 8.5, and Rover Environmental Monitoring Station measurements indicated a 97% reduction in incident total ultraviolet solar radiation at the surface, 30K reduction in diurnal range of air temperature, and an increase in the semidiurnal pressure tide amplitude to 40 Pa. No active dust-lifting sites were detected within Gale Crater, and global and local atmospheric dynamics were drastically altered during the storm. This work presents an overview of the mission's storm observations and initial results.

Published
2019

49. Background levels of methane in Mars' atmosphere show strong seasonal variations

Author

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Canadian Space Agency, UK Space Agency, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Webster, Christopher R., Mahaffy, P.R., Atreya, Sushil K., Moores, J. E., Flesch, Gregory J., Malespin, Charles A., McKay, Christopher P., Martínez, Germán, Smith, Christina L., Martín Torres, Javier, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Zorzano, María Paz, Wong, Michael H., Trainer, Melissa G., Steele, Andrew, Archer, Doug, Sutter, Brad, Coll, Patrice, Freissinet, Caroline, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Gough, Raina V., House, Christopher H., Pavlov, Alexander, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., Glavin, Daniel P., Pearson, John C., Keymeulen, Didier, Christensen, Lance E., Schwenzer, Susanne P., Navarro-González, Rafael, Pla-García, Jorge, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Vicente-Retortillo, Álvaro, Kahanpää, Henrik, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Smith, Michael D., Harri, Ari-Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hassler, Donald M., Lemmon, M., Crisp, Joy, Sander, Stanley P., Zurek, Richard W., Vasavada, Ashwin R., NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Canadian Space Agency, UK Space Agency, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Webster, Christopher R., Mahaffy, P.R., Atreya, Sushil K., Moores, J. E., Flesch, Gregory J., Malespin, Charles A., McKay, Christopher P., Martínez, Germán, Smith, Christina L., Martín Torres, Javier, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Zorzano, María Paz, Wong, Michael H., Trainer, Melissa G., Steele, Andrew, Archer, Doug, Sutter, Brad, Coll, Patrice, Freissinet, Caroline, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Gough, Raina V., House, Christopher H., Pavlov, Alexander, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., Glavin, Daniel P., Pearson, John C., Keymeulen, Didier, Christensen, Lance E., Schwenzer, Susanne P., Navarro-González, Rafael, Pla-García, Jorge, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Vicente-Retortillo, Álvaro, Kahanpää, Henrik, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Smith, Michael D., Harri, Ari-Matti, Genzer, Maria, Hassler, Donald M., Lemmon, M., Crisp, Joy, Sander, Stanley P., Zurek, Richard W., and Vasavada, Ashwin R.

Abstract

Variable levels of methane in the martian atmosphere have eluded explanation partly because the measurements are not repeatable in time or location.We report in situ measurements at Gale crater made over a 5-year period by the Tunable Laser Spectrometer on the Curiosity rover.The background levels of methane have a mean value 0.41 ± 0.16 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) (95% confidence interval) and exhibit a strong, repeatable seasonal variation (0.24 to 0.65 ppbv).This variation is greater than that predicted from either ultraviolet degradation of impact-delivered organics on the surface or from the annual surface pressure cycle.The large seasonal variation in the background and occurrences of higher temporary spikes (∼7 ppbv) are consistent with small localized sources of methane released from martian surface or subsurface reservoirs.

Published
2018

50. Evidence for indigenous nitrogen in sedimentary and aeolian deposits from the Curiosity rover investigations at Gale crater, Mars

Author

Stern, Jennifer C., Sutter, Brad, Freissinet, Caroline, Navarro-González, Rafael, McKay, Christopher P., Archer, P. Douglas, Buch, Arnaud, Brunner, Anna E., Coll, Patrice, Eigenbrode, Jennifer L., Fairen, Alberto G., Franz, Heather B., Glavin, Daniel P., Kashyap, Srishti, McAdam, Amy C., Ming, Douglas W., Steele, Andrew, Szopa, Cyril, Wray, James J., Martín-Torres, F. Javier, Zorzano, Maria-Paz, Conrad, Pamela G., Mahaffy, Paul R., Kemppinen, Osku, Bridges, Nathan, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Minitti, Michelle, Cremers, David, Bell, James F., Edgar, Lauren, Farmer, Jack, Godber, Austin, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Wellington, Danika, McEwan, Ian, Newman, Claire, Richardson, Mark, Charpentier, Antoine, Peret, Laurent, King, Penelope, Blank, Jennifer, Weigle, Gerald, Schmidt, Mariek, Li, Shuai, Milliken, Ralph, Robertson, Kevin, Sun, Vivian, Baker, Michael, Edwards, Christopher, Ehlmann, Bethany, Farley, Kenneth, Griffes, Jennifer, Grotzinger, John, Miller, Hayden, Newcombe, Megan, Pilorget, Cedric, Rice, Melissa, Siebach, Kirsten, Stack, Katie, Stolper, Edward, Brunet, Claude, Hipkin, Victoria, Léveillé, Richard, Marchand, Geneviève, Sánchez, Pablo Sobrón, Favot, Laurent, Cody, George, Flückiger, Lorenzo, Lees, David, Nefian, Ara, Martin, Mildred, Gailhanou, Marc, Westall, Frances, Israël, Guy, Agard, Christophe, Baroukh, Julien, Donny, Christophe, Gaboriaud, Alain, Guillemot, Philippe, Lafaille, Vivian, Lorigny, Eric, Paillet, Alexis, Pérez, René, Saccoccio, Muriel, Yana, Charles, Armiens-Aparicio, Carlos, Rodríguez, Javier Caride, Blázquez, Isaías Carrasco, Gómez, Felipe Gómez, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Hettrich, Sebastian, Malvitte, Alain Lepinette, Jiménez, Mercedes Marín, Martínez-Frías, Jesús, Martín-Soler, Javier, Torres, F. Javier Martín, Jurado, Antonio Molina, Mora-Sotomayor, Luis, Caro, Guillermo Muñoz, López, Sara Navarro, Peinado-González, Verónica, Pla-García, Jorge, Manfredi, José Antonio Rodriguez, Romeral-Planelló, Julio José, Fuentes, Sara Alejandra Sans, Martinez, Eduardo Sebastian, Redondo, Josefina Torres, Urqui-O'Callaghan, Roser, Mier, María-Paz Zorzano, Chipera, Steve, Lacour, Jean-Luc, Mauchien, Patrick, Sirven, Jean-Baptiste, Manning, Heidi, Fairén, Alberto, Hayes, Alexander, Joseph, Jonathan, Squyres, Steven, Sullivan, Robert, Thomas, Peter, Dupont, Audrey, Lundberg, Angela, Melikechi, Noureddine, Mezzacappa, Alissa, DeMarines, Julia, Grinspoon, David, Reitz, Günther, Prats, Benito, Atlaskin, Evgeny, Genzer, Maria, Harri, Ari-Matti, Haukka, Harri, Kahanpää, Henrik, Kauhanen, Janne, Paton, Mark, Polkko, Jouni, Schmidt, Walter, Siili, Tero, Fabre, Cécile, Wray, James, Wilhelm, Mary Beth, Poitrasson, Franck, Patel, Kiran, Gorevan, Stephen, Indyk, Stephen, Paulsen, Gale, Gupta, Sanjeev, Bish, David, Schieber, Juergen, Gondet, Brigitte, Langevin, Yves, Geffroy, Claude, Baratoux, David, Berger, Gilles, Cros, Alain, d’Uston, Claude, Forni, Olivier, Gasnault, Olivier, Lasue, Jérémie, Lee, Qiu-Mei, Maurice, Sylvestre, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Pallier, Etienne, Parot, Yann, Pinet, Patrick, Schröder, Susanne, Toplis, Mike, Lewin, Éric, Brunner, Will, Heydari, Ezat, Achilles, Cherie, Oehler, Dorothy, Cabane, Michel, Coscia, David, Dromart, Gilles, Robert, François, Sautter, Violaine, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Mangold, Nicolas, Nachon, Marion, Stalport, Fabien, François, Pascaline, Raulin, François, Teinturier, Samuel, Cameron, James, Clegg, Sam, Cousin, Agnès, DeLapp, Dorothea, Dingler, Robert, Jackson, Ryan Steele, Johnstone, Stephen, Lanza, Nina, Little, Cynthia, Nelson, Tony, Wiens, Roger C., Williams, Richard B., Jones, Andrea, Kirkland, Laurel, Treiman, Allan, Baker, Burt, Cantor, Bruce, Caplinger, Michael, Davis, Scott, Duston, Brian, Edgett, Kenneth, Fay, Donald, Hardgrove, Craig, Harker, David, Herrera, Paul, Jensen, Elsa, Kennedy, Megan R., Krezoski, Gillian, Krysak, Daniel, Lipkaman, Leslie, Malin, Michael, McCartney, Elaina, McNair, Sean, Nixon, Brian, Posiolova, Liliya, Ravine, Michael, Salamon, Andrew, Saper, Lee, Stoiber, Kevin, Supulver, Kimberley, Van Beek, Jason, Van Beek, Tessa, Zimdar, Robert, French, Katherine Louise, Iagnemma, Karl, Miller, Kristen, Summons, Roger, Goesmann, Fred, Goetz, Walter, Hviid, Stubbe, Johnson, Micah, Lefavor, Matthew, Lyness, Eric, Breves, Elly, Dyar, M. Darby, Fassett, Caleb, Blake, David F., Bristow, Thomas, DesMarais, David, Edwards, Laurence, Haberle, Robert, Hoehler, Tori, Hollingsworth, Jeff, Kahre, Melinda, Keely, Leslie, McKay, Christopher, Bleacher, Lora, Brinckerhoff, William, Choi, David, Conrad, Pamela, Dworkin, Jason P., Eigenbrode, Jennifer, Floyd, Melissa, Garvin, James, Glavin, Daniel, Harpold, Daniel, Mahaffy, Paul, Martin, David K., McAdam, Amy, Pavlov, Alexander, Raaen, Eric, Smith, Michael D., Stern, Jennifer, Tan, Florence, Trainer, Melissa, Meyer, Michael, Posner, Arik, Voytek, Mary, Anderson, Robert C, Aubrey, Andrew, Beegle, Luther W., Behar, Alberto, Blaney, Diana, Brinza, David, Calef, Fred, Christensen, Lance, Crisp, Joy A., DeFlores, Lauren, Feldman, Jason, Feldman, Sabrina, Flesch, Gregory, Hurowitz, Joel, Jun, Insoo, Keymeulen, Didier, Maki, Justin, Mischna, Michael, Morookian, John Michael, Parker, Timothy, Pavri, Betina, Schoppers, Marcel, Sengstacken, Aaron, Simmonds, John J., Spanovich, Nicole, Juarez, Manuel de la Torre, Vasavada, Ashwin R., Webster, Christopher R., Yen, Albert, Archer, Paul Douglas, Cucinotta, Francis, Jones, John H., Ming, Douglas, Morris, Richard V., Niles, Paul, Rampe, Elizabeth, Nolan, Thomas, Fisk, Martin, Radziemski, Leon, Barraclough, Bruce, Bender, Steve, Berman, Daniel, Dobrea, Eldar Noe, Tokar, Robert, Vaniman, David, Williams, Rebecca M. E., Yingst, Aileen, Lewis, Kevin, Leshin, Laurie, Cleghorn, Timothy, Huntress, Wesley, Manhès, Gérard, Hudgins, Judy, Olson, Timothy, Stewart, Noel, Sarrazin, Philippe, Grant, John, Vicenzi, Edward, Wilson, Sharon A., Bullock, Mark, Ehresmann, Bent, Hamilton, Victoria, Hassler, Donald, Peterson, Joseph, Rafkin, Scot, Zeitlin, Cary, Fedosov, Fedor, Golovin, Dmitry, Karpushkina, Natalya, Kozyrev, Alexander, Litvak, Maxim, Malakhov, Alexey, Mitrofanov, Igor, Mokrousov, Maxim, Nikiforov, Sergey, Prokhorov, Vasily, Sanin, Anton, Tretyakov, Vladislav, Varenikov, Alexey, Vostrukhin, Andrey, Kuzmin, Ruslan, Clark, Benton, Wolff, Michael, McLennan, Scott, Botta, Oliver, Drake, Darrell, Bean, Keri, Lemmon, Mark, Schwenzer, Susanne P., Anderson, Ryan B., Herkenhoff, Kenneth, Lee, Ella Mae, Sucharski, Robert, Hernández, Miguel Ángel de Pablo, Ávalos, Juan José Blanco, Ramos, Miguel, Kim, Myung-Hee, Malespin, Charles, Plante, Ianik, Muller, Jan-Peter, Ewing, Ryan, Boynton, William, Downs, Robert, Fitzgibbon, Mike, Harshman, Karl, Morrison, Shaunna, Dietrich, William, Kortmann, Onno, Palucis, Marisa, Sumner, Dawn Y., Williams, Amy, Lugmair, Günter, Wilson, Michael A., Rubin, David, Jakosky, Bruce, Balic-Zunic, Tonci, Frydenvang, Jens, Jensen, Jaqueline Kløvgaard, Kinch, Kjartan, Koefoed, Asmus, Madsen, Morten Bo, Stipp, Susan Louise Svane, Boyd, Nick, Campbell, John L., Gellert, Ralf, Perrett, Glynis, Pradler, Irina, VanBommel, Scott, Jacob, Samantha, Owen, Tobias, Rowland, Scott, Savijärvi, Hannu, Boehm, Eckart, Böttcher, Stephan, Burmeister, Sönke, Guo, Jingnan, Köhler, Jan, García, César Martín, Mueller-Mellin, Reinhold, Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert, Bridges, John C., McConnochie, Timothy, Benna, Mehdi, Franz, Heather, Bower, Hannah, Brunner, Anna, Blau, Hannah, Boucher, Thomas, Carmosino, Marco, Atreya, Sushil, Elliott, Harvey, Halleaux, Douglas, Rennó, Nilton, Wong, Michael, Pepin, Robert, Elliott, Beverley, Spray, John, Thompson, Lucy, Gordon, Suzanne, Newsom, Horton, Ollila, Ann, Williams, Joshua, Vasconcelos, Paulo, Bentz, Jennifer, Nealson, Kenneth, Popa, Radu, Kah, Linda C., Moersch, Jeffrey, Tate, Christopher, Day, Mackenzie, Kocurek, Gary, Hallet, Bernard, Sletten, Ronald, Francis, Raymond, McCullough, Emily, Cloutis, Ed, ten Kate, Inge Loes, Arvidson, Raymond, Fraeman, Abigail, Scholes, Daniel, Slavney, Susan, Stein, Thomas, Ward, Jennifer, Berger, Jeffrey, Moores, John E., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios [Mexico], Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux - EA 4038 (LGPM), CentraleSupélec, ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Cornell University [New York], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology [GSFC] (CRESST), Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor [Technoport] (CRP Henri Tudor), Centre de Recherche Public Henri-Tudor [Luxembourg] (CRP Henri-Tudor), Department of Microbiology [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES), NASA-NASA, Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (IACT), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de Granada (UGR), Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering [Luleå], Luleå University of Technology (LUT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Universidad de Granada (UGR)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Department of Microbiology, IMPEC - LATMOS, Universidad de Granada (UGR)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR)

Subjects
Martian, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Water on Mars, nitrates, astrobiology, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, Mars Exploration Program, 01 natural sciences, nitrogen, Astrobiology, Curiosity, 13. Climate action, Rocknest, 0103 physical sciences, Sample Analysis at Mars, Physical Sciences, Aeolian processes, Composition of Mars, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Nitrogen cycle, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) investigation on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover has detected oxidized nitrogen-bearing compounds during pyrolysis of scooped aeolian sediments and drilled sedimentary deposits within Gale crater. Total N concentrations ranged from 20 to 250 nmol N per sample. After subtraction of known N sources in SAM, our results support the equivalent of 110–300 ppm of nitrate in the Rocknest (RN) aeolian samples, and 70–260 and 330–1,100 ppm nitrate in John Klein (JK) and Cumberland (CB) mudstone deposits, respectively. Discovery of indigenous martian nitrogen in Mars surface materials has important implications for habitability and, specifically, for the potential evolution of a nitrogen cycle at some point in martian history. The detection of nitrate in both wind-drifted fines (RN) and in mudstone (JK, CB) is likely a result of N2 fixation to nitrate generated by thermal shock from impact or volcanic plume lightning on ancient Mars. Fixed nitrogen could have facilitated the development of a primitive nitrogen cycle on the surface of ancient Mars, potentially providing a biochemically accessible source of nitrogen.

Published
2015

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results