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The role of aquatic resources in ancient economies and paleodiet is important for understanding the evolution of prehistorical societies. However, conventional archaeometric approaches lack organismal specificity, are affected by abundant environmental contaminants and do not elucidate food processing recipes. We performed proteomics analysis of charred organic deposits adhered on early ceramics from Mesolithic-Neolithic inland site Friesack 4 (Brandenburg, Germany). Proteomics of foodcrust from a vessel attributed to Endmesolithic pottery identified fine carp roe meal and revealed details of a prehistorical culinary recipe. We propose that Endmesolithic occupants of Friesack at the end of the 5thmillennium BC utilized fish as a food reserve and adopted delayed-return subsistence strategy. These data contribute to better understanding of the dietary context of Neolithic transition in European inland.

Dans un affleurement artificiel du a l'erosion du flanc occidental de la vallee de la Spree entre Cottbus et Spremberg, on a constate plusieurs colorations susceptibles d'etre interpretees comme des fosses d'extraction d'ocre. Elles datent de l'âge du Bronze. C'est la premiere mise en evidence d'ocre de ce genre dans une mine a ciel ouvert d'Europe centrale, certainement en rapport avec les conditions particulieres de la formation d'ocre a cet endroit et confirmant l'exploitation dans le passe de toutes les matieres premieres connues et utilisees.

Durch Reaktion von 3-Amino-4-hydroxyphenylbenzoat (2a) mit Poly(4-styrolsulfonsaurechlorid), vernetzt mit Divinylbenzolisomeren, in verschiedenen Molverhaltnissen konnten nach der Verseifung begrenzt quellbare, sulfogruppenhaltige Redoxharze erhalten werden. 2a reagierte mit Athylensulfonsaurechlorid nur unter intramolekularer Cyclisierung zu einem Benzo[f]-[1,4,5]-oxathiazepin-Derivat 5. Die Kondensation von 2,6-Bis(chlorsulfonyl)-1,4-phenylendiacetat (8b) bzw. 1,3-Benzoldisulfonsaurechlorid (8c) mit 3,5-Diamino-4-hydroxyphenylbenzoat (9e) fuhrte lediglich zu Oligomeren. Poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid chloride), crosslinked with divinylbenzene isomers reacted with 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl benzoate (2a) in various mole ratios. After saponification sulfo groups containing redox resins of restricted swelling capacity were obtained. 2a reacted with ethylenesulfonic acid chloride only to form a benzo[f]-[1,4,5]-oxathiazepine derivative 5. The condensation of 2,6-bis(chlorosulfonyl)-1,4-phenylene diacetate (8b) and of 1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid chloride (8c), respectively, with 3,5-diamino-4-hydroxyphenyl benzoate (9e) led only to oligomers.

Artificial illumination is a fundamental human need. Burning wood and other materials usually in hearths and fireplaces extended daylight hours, whilst the use of flammable substances in torches offered light on the move. It is increasingly understood that pottery played a role in light production. In this study, we focus on ceramic oval bowls, made and used primarily by hunter-gatherer-fishers of the circum-Baltic over a c. 2000 year period beginning in the mid-6th millennium cal bc. Oval bowls commonly occur alongside larger (cooking) vessels. Their function as ‘oil lamps’ for illumination has been proposed on many occasions but only limited direct evidence has been secured to test this functional association. This study presents the results of molecular and isotopic analysis of preserved organic residues obtained from 115 oval bowls from 25 archaeological sites representing a wide range of environmental settings. Our findings confirm that the oval bowls of the circum-Baltic were used primarily for burning fats and oils, predominantly for the purposes of illumination. The fats derive from the tissues of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial organisms. Bulk isotope data of charred surface deposits show a consistently different pattern of use when oval bowls are compared to other pottery vessels within the same assemblage. It is suggested that hunter-gatherer-fishers around the 55th parallel commonly deployed material culture for artificial light production but the evidence is restricted to times and places where more durable technologies were employed, including the circum-Baltic.

Die Tagung der Hafenbautechnischen Gesellschaft in Ostfriesland, — auf Norderney und in Emden — im Jahre 1956 gab Anlas zu einem Uberblick uber die Entwicklung des Emder Hafens und uber den damals erreichten Stand. Wesentlich waren dabei die gerade vor der Inbetriebnahme stehenden neuen Massengutumschlagsanlagen fur Erz am Nordkai und fur Kohle und Koks am Sudkai.