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9. The Geographical Distribution of Psychiatrists in Canada: Unmet Needs and Remedial Strategies

Author

Nady el-Guebaly, Edward Kingstone, Quentin Rae-Grant, and Fyfe I

Subjects
Psychiatry, Gerontology, Canada, Health Services Needs and Demand, education.field_of_study, Incidence, Mental Disorders, Population, Multidimensional assessment, Medically Underserved Area, Social Environment, Mental health, Unmet needs, Geographic distribution, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Community support, Workforce, Humans, Business, Marketing, education, Remedial education, Competence (human resources)
Abstract

Many efforts are underway to rationalize the process of manpower planning in psychiatry. A wide variation in the geographic distribution of psychiatrists remains. A multidimensional assessment of the needs of a population is recommended, based on the epidemiology of mental disorders, professional and institutional needs, consumer estimates, and the requirements of subgroups. Counting the number of vacant positions for psychiatrists can be misleading. Professional norms for the optimal access of a population to psychiatric services and standards for the quantity and/or quality of services provided need to be developed. Potential outcome measures are suggested, along with a three-tiered system of estimating geographic needs. Deterrent factors to an optimal geographic distribution of most professionals are reviewed, along with factors specific to our residency training programs. In the short term, the benefits and limitations of recruiting foreign-trained psychiatrists are compared with those of recruiting Canadian specialists. Complementary long term strategies include the provision of financial incentives, optimal working conditions, relevant training and maintenance of competence issues, and community support.

Published
1993
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13. A comparison of teicoplanin and cefuroxime as prophylaxis for orthopaedic implant surgery: a preliminary report.

Author

Wall, R., Klenerman, L., McCullough, C., and Fyfe, I.

Abstract

The relative merits of different antibiotic regimens for prophylaxis in orthopaedic implant surgery are difficult to evaluate because of the low frequency of infection. Factors other than infection prevention may influence choice. We have compared 400 mg teicoplanin given intravenously on induction of anaesthesia with three perioperative injections of cefuroxime, in 146 patients undergoing total hip or total knee replacement. These interim results suggest that cefuroxime selects for increased extraintestinal carriage of faecal streptococci and teicoplanin for Proteus species. There were no significant differences between the regimen in the acquisition of coagulase-negative staphylococci or Clostridium difficile, post-operative diarrhoea, wound healing or wound infection. Both regimens were equally safe. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1988

15. Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Hand.

Author

FYFE, I. S. and MACFARLANE, A.

Abstract

A series of fifty one lesions arising in the hand is reviewed. Fifty nine per cent of the lesions arose from the joints of the hand which are also frequently the site of degenerative changes. Twenty five per cent of available radiographs also showed such changes. The aetiology and diagnosis of this condition, the treatment and the results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1980
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16. A Cross-Sectional Study of Pulmonary Function in Carbon Black Workers in the United States

Author

ROBERTSON, J. McD., Diaz, J. F., Fyfe, I. M., and Ingalls, T. H.

Abstract

Since a proportion of airborne carbon black particles is of respirable size, the possibility that it may affect pulmonary function was investigated in 913 employees of 6 carbon black producers in the United States. Exposure was estimated by combining the mean total dust exposures of each job category with the length of time workers had spent in each job, giving a measurement expressed in mg/m3 months. Pulmonary function was measured by spirometry. The major variables affecting pulmonary function were age and cigarette smoking. When the effects of age and smoking were controlled in an age-specific, two-way analysis of variance, no consistent effects of total dust exposure were detectable in these workers. This study provided no evidence that exposure to total dust under the conditions pertaining in the contemporary carbon black industry had detrimental effects on the pulmonary function of men employed in the production and handling of this product.

Published
1988
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17. The Applicability of Elastic/Viscoplastic Theory in Stress Wave Propagation

Author

Fyfe, I. M.

Abstract

A viscoplastic constitutive model developed by Perzyna to describe stress wave propagation in rate-dependent materials is examined. The model is considered in terms of dislocation concepts and its ability to provide results which agree with those obtained from uniaxial stress, uniaxial strain, and biaxial strain experiments. It is proposed that the model may be a combination of a number of possible dislocation mechanisms, the dominant one depending on the strain rate. The theoretical model was found to be compatible with published experimental data in the three configurations for aluminum alloys with widely different rate-dependent characteristics. Some limiting conditions are also discussed.

Published
1975
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18. Inertia Effects on the Ductile Failure of Thin Rings

Author

Rajendran, A. M. and Fyfe, I. M.

Abstract

The introduction of inertia terms into a theoretical model of thin ring expansion shows that classical plastic instability concepts, defined in terms of the local strain in the necking region, no longer apply. By introducing the role of void growth in triggering local necking, through a recently proposed constitutive equation for porous plastic materials, it is possible to overcome this difficulty. A criterion based on a critical void volume fraction provides the alternative means to predict failure. This theory was applied to a thin ring configuration, and the results were found to compare favorably with experimental values obtained from statically and dynamically loaded rings. The experimental techniques developed to handle the thin ring configuration are also described.

Published
1982
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19. Elastic/Viscoplastic Theory Examined Using Radial Cylindrical Stress Waves

Author

Swift, R. P. and Fyfe, I. M.

Abstract

Two distinct types of experiments are employed to examine an elastic/viscoplastic constitutive theory in a radial cylindrical configuration. One examines the plane-strain plastic response of hollow cylinders subjected to an internal finite-rise-time pressure pulse; the other examines the decay behavior of the cylindrical elastic precursor associated with high stress level impact loading. A linear and an exponential form of the viscoplastic strain-rate function are considered. For 1100-0 aluminum, solutions of the associated initial-boundary-value problems show that, of the two forms, only the exponential viscoplastic strain-rate function, based on an activation energy dislocation concept, can satisfy the results of both experiments.

Published
1970
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20. The safety of obstetric services in small communities in northern Ontario

Author

Black, D. P. and Fyfe, I. M.

Subjects
Canada, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Hospital Bed Capacity, under 100, Hospital Departments, Humans, Female, Hospitals, Community, Maternal Health Services, Safety, Hospital Records, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital, Regional Health Planning, Research Article
Abstract

The safety of the obstetric care system in the small hospitals of northern Ontario was assessed by analysing the outcomes of all obstetric cases over a 2-year period. Information was retrieved by place of residence rather than hospital of delivery so that the overall perinatal system, including the referral patterns, would be assessed. There was little difference in perinatal loss rate (stillbirths and neonatal deaths up to 28 days per 1000 births) for residents of areas served by different levels of obstetric care. Areas served by units where cesarean sections are done regularly but which do not have specialists in obstetrics or pediatrics had a perinatal loss rate of 10.43, whereas areas served by units staffed with two or more specialists in both obstetrics and pediatrics and handling more than 1000 deliveries per year had a perinatal loss rate of 12.13. Although many of the smaller hospitals did not have the minimum capabilities suggested for obstetric units relatively safe care was being provided. These results do not support the need for further centralization of obstetric services in northern Ontario.

Published
1984

21. A Void Growth Failure Criterion Applied to Dynamically and Statically Loaded Thin Rings.

Author

WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS, Rajendran,A M, Fyfe,I M, WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS, Rajendran,A M, and Fyfe,I M

Abstract

The introduction of inertia terms in the theoretical model of thin ring expansion shows that classical plastic instability concepts, defined in terms of the local strain in the necking region, no longer apply. However, in this report it is shown that, when the plastically incompressible constitutive model is replaced with a model applicable to porous plastic materials, a criterion based on critical void volume fraction provides an alternative means to predict failure. The theory also provides a method in which both geometric and metallurgical imperfections in a given sample might be considered. The application of this theory to thin ring specimens was used to confirm that the critical void growth concept predicts the uniform strain at failure as observed in aluminum and copper rings, under both quasi-static and high strain-rate loading conditions. (Author)

Published
1980

22. Gun Tube Bore Strain

Author

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES NORTHWEST INC SEATTLE WASH, Fourney,M. E., Auth,D. C., Fyfe,I. M., MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES NORTHWEST INC SEATTLE WASH, Fourney,M. E., Auth,D. C., and Fyfe,I. M.

Abstract

A study was undertaken to determine the optimum sensing device for measuring the bore strain of a gun tube during rapid firing. The hostile environment that exists within the gun tube and the general operational requirements of the gun tube place severe requirements on any system considered. After consideration of a number of systems and a systematic rating of each, two were selected for detailed study. These were a flash x-ray system and a dual path acoustical interferometer system which was devised as a result of this project. Although neither system was found to be suitable over the entire range of gun tube geometrics and operational conditions, the dual path acoustical interferometric is recommended as the most suitable system. (Author)

Published
1973

23. Feasibility Study of Instrumenting Small Arms Weapon Bore for Strain Measurements.

Author

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES NORTHWEST INC SEATTLE WASH, Fourney,M. E., Auth,D. C., Fyfe,I. M., MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES NORTHWEST INC SEATTLE WASH, Fourney,M. E., Auth,D. C., and Fyfe,I. M.

Abstract

A study was undertaken to determine the optimum sensing device for measuring the bore strain of a gun tube during rapid firing. The hostile environment that exists within the gun tube and the general operational requirements of the gun tube place severe requirements on any system considered. After consideration of a number of systems and a systematic rating of each, two were selected for detailed study. These were a flash x-ray system and a dual path acoustical interferometer system which was devised as a result of this project. Although neither system was found to be suitable over the entire range of gun tube geometrics and operational conditions, the dual path acoustical interferometric is recommended as the most suitable system. (Author)

Published
1973

24. THE EFFECTS OF SHEAR ON STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION.

Author

WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS, Fyfe,I. M., Ensminger,R. R., Swift,R., WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS, Fyfe,I. M., Ensminger,R. R., and Swift,R.

Abstract

The propagation of high-intensity stress waves in cylindrical geometries is considered as a means to obtain a measure of the shear stress effects on material behavior. A discontinuity theory is applied to show that when Hugoniots are used as equations of state, the Hugoniots must necessarily coincide for all geometric configurations. It is also shown that the simple equations of state of this type may accurately predict particular information that does not depend on the shear properties of the material but that little evidence exists to permit its use in a general fashion for dynamic problems. A criterion is proposed for hydrodynamic behavior, and the parameters controlling this behavior are given. A technique to check the validity of proposed equations of state using flash radiography is also suggested. (Author)

Published
1965

44. CAR T cells offer hope in glioblastoma.

Author

Fyfe I

Subjects
Humans, Receptors, Chimeric Antigen immunology, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Glioblastoma immunology, Glioblastoma therapy, Immunotherapy, Adoptive methods, Brain Neoplasms immunology, Brain Neoplasms therapy
Published
2024
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