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Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of low-density pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment on growth factors/collagen production, histological, biomechanical, and function of rats with Achilles tendon injury. Materials and methods: A total of 44 Wistar Albino rats were used in the study between April 2017 and June 2018. The rats were randomized to two treatment groups. Group 1 (n=6) received LIPUS treatment (0.3 Watt/cm2; 1 MHz, 1:5 pulse mode) and Group 2 (n=6)received sham ultrasound (US) treatment following Achilles tendon surgery. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and collagen gene expression levels were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction. The histological evaluation was performed with the Bonar scoring system. The tensile strength was measured by biomechanical testing and the function was evaluated with the Achilles Functional Index (AFI). Results: Although TGF-β1 expression and tensile strength evaluation showed a tendency to improve in favor of the LIPUS group, no statistically significant difference was found (p=0.065 and p=0.053, respectively). The COL3 gene expression in the LIPUS group and the COL1 expression in the sham US group were significantly higher. Bonar scores and AFI scores showed a statistically significant improvement in the LIPUS group, compared to the sham US group. Conclusion: Our study results show that LIPUS yields positive effects on tendon histology and functional status in repaired Achilles tendon in rats.

BACKGROUND: 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency is associated with cardiovascular disease and poor physical performance. OBJECTIVE: To assign the effect of 25OHD level on cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: One-hundred-thirty-five patients with CAD who underwent a CR programme were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two-group according to 25OHD level (Group 1: < 20 ng/dl; Group 2: ⩾ 20 ng/dl). All patients received CR for 30 sessions. Each participant performed 40 minutes of aerobic exercise with a cycloergometer followed by muscle strengthening exercises. The patients were evaluated before and after CR by a pulmonary function test (PFT) and a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). RESULTS: There were 77 (57%) patients in Group 1 and 58 patients (43%) in Group 2. Demographic characteristics between the groups were similar. Pre- and post-rehabilitation CPET parameters were lower in Group 1 (p< 0.05). Both groups had significant improvement in CPET (p< 0.05). Post-rehabilitation PFT parameters (FEV1, FVC) were higher in Group 2 (p< 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the 25OHD-level and the CPET-PFT parameters (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: 25OHD deficiency in patients with CAD reduces the response to CR. It also affects respiratory function according to the FEV1, FVC parameters. In patients scheduled for CR, 25OHD-levels should be evaluated, and any deficiency corrected.

Mobile-assessment applications provide various conveniences to working professionals who prepare for a certification exam. The purposes of this chapter are highlighting the usefulness of m-assessment apps to learners and informing the field about the needs in this area. The chapter focuses on the m-assessment apps in terms of preparing for project management certification examinations. The authors developed nine criteria based on learning theories and literature on m-assessment. These criteria organized important features of m-apps under three categories: 1) general user experience, 2) learning experience, and 3) practice test-experience. The authors also evaluate the features of m-assessment apps found in the app spaces using the criteria. Results communicate how the examined apps perform against the criteria and emphasize different ways that these features can help learners. The chapter concludes with future directions based on the updated requirements of the project management certification exam and the need for more apps that implement theoretically supported features.

The item responses of examinees who rapid-guess, who do not spend enough time reading and engaging with an item, will not reflect their true ability on that item. Rapid-disengagement refers to rapidly selecting a response to multiple-choice items (i.e., rapid-guess), omitting items, or providing short-unrelated answers to open-ended items in an unreasonably short time. Such rapid responses need to be identified to enhance the validity of the arguments from the test data. Detection of rapid-guessing behaviors is typically based on identifying a threshold to represent the minimum response time required for the student to have thoughtfully considered a given item. This study investigates whether using response behaviors can improve the detection of rapid-disengagement by investigating two approaches: (a) using response behaviors to decide on the size of the threshold, and (b) using response behaviors as a condition for detecting disengaged examinees in addition to response times, referred as enhanced methods. Process data and item responses from the PISA 2012 computer-based mathematics assessment were used to examine both approaches under threshold values varying from very small (5 s) to very large (60 s). Results suggested that response behaviors can provide meaningful input on establishing the size of the threshold and that while enhanced methods performed better than using only response times in recognizing rapid-disengagement in some cases, no clear pattern was observed as to when such improvement occurs. This study makes a unique contribution by inspecting the response behaviors of disengaged examinees and providing guidelines on using response behaviors to decide on the size of the threshold. This study suggests response behavior categories that can be applicable to many item and response types, which make them suitable for use in digitally-based large-scale assessments.

Objectives: To assess the frequency of fibromyalgia among women with impaired fasting glucose. Materials and Methods: The sample was selected from the female patients who applied to the Internal Medicine clinic and whose fasting blood glucose level were 100-126 in their routine examination (Group1) and patients whose fasting blood glucose were less than 100 constituted the control group (Group2). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been applied to patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and whose 2nd hour OGTT levels were under 140 has been included. Functional status was assessed by using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Pain Location Inventory (PLI), and Symptom Impact Questionnaire (SIQR) were evaluated for the diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Results: Mean age was 48.99±7.50 in Group1 (n=73) and 47.84±7.92 in Group2 (n=73) with no significant difference between them. Mean BMI (body mass index) was 30.41±5.01 in Group1 and 28.00±4.61in Group2, this difference was significant (p

Objectives: This study aims to determine the frequency of juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome (JFMS) among children and adolescents in Çorum Province, Turkey, and its impact by comparing the levels of academic success, depression and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with and without JFMS. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 476 children and adolescents (245 boys, 231 girls; mean age 13.81±2.3 years; range, 9 to 17 years). The control group (non-JFMS group) consisted of 105 age-and sex-matched healthy participants (75 girls, 30 boys; mean age 14.1±1.8 years; range; 9 to 17 years). Participants’ sociodemographic data, parental information, and school achievement in addition to data on chronic illness and drug use were collected via questionnaires (depression and QoL). A tender point (TP) examination was performed on each participant. Results: Thirty-five (7.35%) of the participants (girls, n=25; boys, n=10) were diagnosed with JFMS. The number of minor JFMS diagnostic criteria, number of TPs, depression level and number of days the participants were absent from school were significantly higher in the JFMS group compared with the non-JFMS group (p

Mitokondrialmiyopatiler, mitokondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutasyonu sonucu oksidatiffosforilasyonun bozulduğu ve dolayısıyla multisistemik semptom ve bulgularıngörüldüğü hastalık grubudur. Bu hastaların rehabilitasyonunda uygulanmasıgereken egzersiz şiddeti yeni çalışılan bir konu olup halen netliğekavuşturulamamıştır. Bu olgu sunumunda yürüme güçlüğü ve kas güçsüzlüğü ilekliniğimize başvuran, mitekondrial miyopatilerin bir grubu olan SANDO sendromutanısı mevcut olan bir bayan hasta eşliğinde mitokondrial miyopatilerderehabilitasyon özellikleri tartışılacaktır., Mitochondrialmyopathies are a group of diseases where oxidative phosphorylation is impairedas a result of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation and thus multisystemic symptomsand findings are seen. The exercise intensity of these patients can not beclarified. In this case report, the rehabilitation features of mitochondrialmyopathies will be discussed by presented a female patient who has walkingdifficulty and muscle weakness with the diagnosis of SANDO syndrome which is agroup of mitochondrial myopathies.

BACKGROUND: Although there are several studies of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and exercise in myofascial pain syndrome, there are no studies comparing the effectiveness of Kinesio Taping (KT) and TENS in myofascial pain syndrome patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the early and late effects of TENS and KT on pain, disability and range of motion in myofascial pain syndrome patients. METHODS:Sixty-nine patients were divided into three groups randomly as TENS+Exercise,KT+Exercise and exercise groups. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), pain threshold, Neck Disability Index and cervical contralateral lateral flexion were employed in the evaluation of the patients performed before treatment, after treatment and 3rd month after treatment. RESULTS: The VAS, pain threshold, Neck Disability Index and contralateral lateral flexion values were improved in all groups both in after treatment and 3rd month after treatment (p < 0.01). In the comparison of after treatment vs. before treatment evaluations, VAS score was decreased in KT group compared to the TENS and control group (p = 0.001), in the TENS group compared to control group (p = 0.011). In the comparison of 3rd month and before treatment evaluations, VAS score was decreased in the TENS group compared to control group (p = 0.001) and in the KT group compared to the control group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between TENS and KT groups. All other parameters did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: TENS and KT added exercises can decrease pain severity and increase pain threshold, function and cervical range of motion in myofascial pain syndrome patients. Addition of TENS or KT to the exercise therapy resulted in more significant improvement compared to exercise therapy alone with a more pronounced improvement in KT group compared to the TENS group in the early period. Because KT was found to be more effective in decreasing the pain and had the advantage of being used in every 3 days, it seems to be beneficial in acute painful periods in myofascial pain syndrome patients. © 2017 IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

Amaç:Öğrencilerde pes planusu olanlarda aksiyel bölgede ağrı varlığını ve ağrı ile ilişkili değişkenleri tanımlamak. Gereç veYöntem: Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 100 öğrencinin demografik (yaş, cinsiyet, boy, kilo, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ), sigara kullanımı), klinik (aksiyel ağrı varlığı, ağrının lokalizasyonu (servikal, torakal, torakolomber, lomber), ağrının oluşma sıklığı, ağrının en çok hissedildiği durumlar, fizik aktivite durumu) kaydedildi. Ayak arkı statik ayak izlerinin Harris mat ile alınıp Staheli İndeks hesaplanması ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 22,5±1,16 yıl olan 50 kadın (%50), 50 erkek (%50) katılımcı değerlendirildi. Ağrısı olan 48 (%48), ağrısı olmayan 52 (%52) katılımcı vardı. Katılımcılar Staheli İndeksine göre unilateral pes planus (n=18), bilateral pes planus (n=35) ve normal (n=47) olarak ayrıldığında gruplar arasında sadece kilo/VKİ pes planusu olan gruplarda anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p0,05). Ağrısı olan katılımcılardan bilateral pes planuslu ve normal olanlar birleştirildi (simetrik), unilateral pes planuslular (asimetrik) ile ağrı lokalizasyonu açısından karşılaştırıldı. Simetrik grupta (n=82) %45 (n=37),asimetrik grupta (n=18) %61 oranında (n=11) ağrı vardı, aradaki fark anlamlıydı (p, Purpose:To investigate the presence of axial pain and variables related with pain in students with pes planus. Materials and Methods:Demographical (age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), smoking habit), clinical (presence of axial pain, localisation of the pain; cervical, thoracal, thorocolumbar, lumbar, frequency of pain, the most painfull conditions, status of physical activity) data of 100 students who were willing to participate in the study were recorded. Foot arch was evaluated by Staheli index which was calculated from the measurements of foot prints obtained by Harris mat . Results:Fifty 50 female (%50) and 50 male (%50) participants with the mean age of 22.5±1.16 years were evaluated. There were 48 (%48) participants with pain, and 52 (%52) participants without pain. When participants were classified as unilateral pes planus (n=18), bilateral pes planus (n=35) and normal (n=47) according to Staheli index, weight/BMI was higher in groups with pes planus (p0.05). Painful participants with bilateral pes planus and participants with bilateral normal feet are combined and defined as symmetrical group. Localisation of pain was compaired between symmetrical group and asymmetrical group (painfull participants with unilateral pes planus). There was pain in 45% (n=37) of symmetrical group (n=82), and in 61% (n=11) of asymmetrical group (n=18), and the difference was significant (p

BACKGROUND: Shoulder involvement is frequently observed in chronic renal disease (CRD) and hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to compare shoulder Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of stage 4 CRD patients naive to dialysis, hemodialysis patients and healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty hemodialysis patients with shoulder pain (Group 1), 30 hemodialysis patients without shoulder pain (Group 2), 20 patients with stage 4 CRD (Group 3) and 30 healthy controls (Group 4) were enrolled. Urea, creatinine and beta 2 microglobulin were measured. Thickness, homogeneity and integrity of rotator cuff and presence of effusion were examined by MRI. RESULTS: Supraspinatus tendon was thicker in Group 1 compared to other groups, whereas infraspinatus tendon was thicker in Group 1 compared to Groups 2 and 4. Although all tendons thickness was higher in Group 3 than Group 4, there was no significant difference. Most effusion areas were present in Group 1, followed by Groups 2 and 3. There was a significant correlation between glomerular filtration rate and thickness of supraspinatus, infraspinatus tendons and between beta 2 microglobulin and thickness of infraspinatus, subscapularis tendons and total number of areas with effusion. CONCLUSIONS: Increased shoulder tendon thickness and effusion were detected in symptomatic dialysis patients, while greater effusion areas were detected in asymptomatic dialysis patients and in stage 4 CRD patients who do not require dialysis compared to healthy controls. WOS:000522151500002 2-s2.0-85078119924 PubMed: 31450486

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the relation of scoliosis with coronal and sagittal balance parameters and the effect of postural balancing in young adults with idiopathic scoliosis. Patients and methods: Between April 2017 and June 2017, a total of 24 patients (7 males, 24 females; mean age 20.3 +/- 2 years; range 17 to 24) who were diagnosed with scoliosis and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (20 males, 45 females; mean age 20.3 +/- 1.6 years; range 19 to 25) were included in the study. The Cobb angle, sagittal balance, coronal balance, and truncal shift were measured with radiographs in the patient group. The Biodex Balance System (BBS) was used to assess the general stability index, anterior-posterior and medial-lateral stability index, and fall risk. Results: All balance parameters were significantly worse in the patient group than in the control group (p

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the cardiopulmonary functions and exercise performance of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to investigate the relationship between these parameters and disease activity, spine mobility and quality of life (QoL). Patients and methods: Forty-five patients with AS (group 1; 33 males, 12 females; mean age 43.1±12.1 years; range 22 to 70 years) and 30 control subjects (group 2; 23 males, 7 females; mean age 42.8±10.0; range 23 to 70 years) were included in the study. Disease activity was assessed with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index and spinal mobility measures with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). The Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) Questionnaire and the Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES) were used. The pulmonary function test (PFT) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were performed. Results: There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in terms of mean age. The peak expiratory flow value in PFT was significantly lower in group 1 (p

This chapter focuses on using mobile assessment (m-assessment) for teaching and learning in formal and informal education settings. M-assessment has been helpful in making traditional classrooms more interactive and support the individual and class cognitive wealth. Unique affordances of m-assessment can also extend its benefits to digital classrooms, informal and formal learning settings, professional development settings, and other places where learning happens. M-assessment has increased accessibility to assessment, making it available anywhere, anytime, and to anyone.

INTRODUCTION[|]To determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Trunk impairment scale (TIS), used in the evaluation of somatic, motor, and coordination disturbances in stroke patients, and provide a culturally adapted version for use in the Turkish population.[¤]METHODS[|]A total of 80 patients who were either hospitalized at our facility and rehabilitated for stroke or admitted at our outpatient clinics were included in this study. Reliability was evaluated by the internal consistency (Cronbach α) and test reproducibility [intra-class correlation coefficient (ICCC)] methods, and validity was evaluated by the correlation between subgroups and the total scores of the TIS and Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Brunnstrom phases, Barthel index (BI), Rivermead mobility index (RMI), and Short Form-36 (SF-36) scores.[¤]RESULTS[|]The mean age of the patients was 63.00+-12.1 years. Out of a total of 80 subjects, 34 were female and 46 were male. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by the internal consistency, inter- and intra-observer reliability, and test reproducibility. The findings showed that the Turkish form of the scale was reliable at a good level. The test values were as follows; Cronbach α: >0.70, ICCC: 0.969–1, subgroups and total score comparison: 0. The correlation between TIS and BBS was considerably high in the validity analysis (p

Objective: To investigate the factors that affect disability and quality of life in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and to compare the degree of disability and quality of life in patients with SCI according to over and under 18 years of age when their injury occurred. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Two academic hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. Participants: Forty patients with SCI were included in this study. Group 1 included 20 patients with SCI who were younger than 18 years of age when their injury occurred, Group 2 included 20 patients who were older than 18 years of age when their injury occurred. Outcome Measures: Patients’ demographics, duration of SCI and degree of disability were assessed using the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART). Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Short Form (WHOQOL-Bref). Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Although there was no significant difference between the BDI scores and CHART scores of the two groups, environment domain scores in the WHOQOL-Bref were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (P

BACKGROUND: Clinical and electrophysiological effects of therapeutic ultrasound (US) were researched in many studies on patients with CTS with conflicting results. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of continuous and pulsed US treatments by ultrasonographic imaging in addition to clinical and electrophysilogical parameters in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHOD: Fifty-four patients with idiopathic CTS were randomly divided into three groups. All patients used night splints for two weeks. In addition to splint therapy, continuous, pulsed or sham US treatments were applied to patients 10 min/session, 5 sessions/week for two weeks. Clinical situation (pain, hand function, strength), electrophysiological studies (motor distal latency, MDL, sensorial distal latency, SDL), and ultrasonographic area measurements of median nerve were evaluated. All evaluations were applied at pretreatment (baseline), posttreatment (2nd week) and in the 6th week. RESULTS: Whereas significant differences were detected for clinical, functional and ultrasonographic imaging findings in each group in the 2nd week and 6th week compared to baseline (p< 0.0167 for both), no electrophysiological improvements were detected in pulsed-US (p> 0.0167) and only improvement for SDL in sham US group in the 2nd week evaluation (p< 0.0167). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, continuous, pulsed or sham US treatments combined with splinting had similar effects on clinical, electrophysiological and ultrasonographic imaging improvements. Additionally, ultrasonographic imaging may be a preferable objective evaluation tool to prove the early posttreatment clinical improvements when electrophysiological changes could not be detected. © 2018 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between vertebral fracture, degree of kyphosis, and BMD in women living in nursing homes. Methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hitit University Hospital, Corum, Turkey, betweenJanuary 2014 and January 2015. Of the 126 female patients who participated in the study, 48 lived in nursing homes (nursing-home-group [NHG]), 78 lived in non-nursing home settings (control-group [CG]). Vertebral fractures were evaluated via the semi-quantitative Genant method. Cases in which a Cobb angle measured 40 degrees or more resulted in a diagnosis of kyphosis. Results : The mean age of participants in the NHG was 77.2±7.6 years and 76.8±6.2 years in the CG ( p greater than 0.05). The kyphosis rate in the NHG was found to be higher at 52.1% compared to 27.7% for the CG ( p less than 0.001). In the NHG, 68.7% had osteoporosis, 31.3% had osteopenia; in the CG, 55.2% had osteoporosis, 32% had osteopenia, 12.8% had normal values ( p less than 0.05).The vertebral fracture rate was 37.5% in the NHG and 24.3% in the CG ( p greater than 0.05). The Cobb angle had correlation with the number of fractures in both groups ( p less than 0.05). Conclusions : The osteoporosis and kyphosis rates of women living in NHG were higher than those of women living in CG. As kyphosis and the number of fractures are correlated, it is important to analyze kyphosis in women residing in NHG. Saudi Med J 2018; Vol. 39 (7): 711-718 doi: 10.15537/smj.2018.7.22580 How to cite this article: Turk AC, Sahin F, Kucukler FK, Deveci H. Analysis of kyphosis, vertebral fracture and bone mineral density measurement in women living in nursing homes. Saudi Med J . 2018 Jul;39(7):711-718. doi: 10.15537/smj.2018.7.22580.

We aim to draw attention to occult, atraumatic fractures of the odontoid process in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to underline difficulties encountered during clinical and radiological diagnosis. A forty-seven years old man with RA for 4 years had occipital pain for 1 year without any history of trauma. Later, he developed weakness in the upper extremities, but he did not realize weakness in the lower extremities due to deformities. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging revealed a linear fracture of odontiod process and myelopathy. Cervical computed tomography scan revealed an old fracture border with separated and almost disappeared remnant of the tip of the odontoid without free particles in the cord. It was impossible to evaluate atlantoaxial and vertical subluxations with craniometric measurements due to destruction of the tip of odontoid. Following occipitocervical fusion and decompression and a rehabilitation program, his muscle strength improved; however, functional myelopathy stage did not change. Atraumatic fractures of the odontoid process may be more common than reported and may cause compression of the spinal cord or brain stem. Surgery is the treatment of choice but functional recovery is limited once neuronal damage has occurred. Erosion of the critical landmarks makes it difficult to diagnose and follow up atlantoaxial subluxation and/or vertical subluxation, therefore clinicians should consider radiographical follow-ups during the course of the disease. © 2014 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

Objective: To determine the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and to compare CRF patients with or without RLS in terms fatigue and sleep quality. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 patients (18-75 years) who were undergoing dialysis 3 times weekly in Corum Province, Corum, Turkey, between January 2014 and January 2016. The diagnosis of RLS was based on the diagnostic form proposed by the international RLS study group. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and severity of fatigue was determined by using fatigue severity scale (FSS). Results: Of all the participants, 16.8% (n=37) (Group 1) were found to have RLS, while 183 patients had no RLS (Group 2). The mean ages were similar between groups. With respect to laboratory analyses, a p-value of 0.05 في سنة 76.8±6.2 و سنة معدل احلداب في NHG ليكون أعلى بنسبة %1.152.2 مقارنة املصابون بلغ ، NHG في(. CG (P p CG .زاوية كوب لها ارتباط مع عدد الكسور في كال .)p0.05( املجموعتني اخلامتة: كانت معدالت ترقق العظام واحلدب لدى النساء الالتي يعشن في NHG أعلى من النساء اللواتي يعشن في CG .كما يرتبط حداب وعدد من الكسور، من املهم حتليل حداب في النساء املقيمات في NHG

WOS: 000460932900018, PubMed ID: 30040706, BACKGROUND: In treatment of adhesive capsulitis, deep heating agents have been shown to have positive effects on pain and function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if addition of ultrasound used in treatment of adhesive capsulitis will provide additional benefits. METHODS: Thirty patients with adhesive capsulitis were included in a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Hotpack, TENS (Transcutaneus Electrical Nerve Stimulation), exercise and active ultrasound therapies were applied to the first group (n = 15), whereas sham ultrasound was applied to the second group (n = 15) in addition to hotpack, TENS and exercise. The patients were evaluated using joint range of motion, UCLA shoulder scale and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire scales at baseline and at 6th and 24th weeks post-treatment. RESULTS: When pain and the clinical and functional parameters were compared in both groups, significant improvement was found compared to baseline (p < 0.001). At week 24, no difference was found in terms of pain at rest, but all other parameters were improved compared to week 6. When the groups were compared, no difference was found in any comparison between 6th and 24th week (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Adding ultrasound treatment to a combination of physical therapy modalities did not provide any additional benefits for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis.

Objective: Osteoporosis is a disease which causes fractures depending on decreasing bone mineral density. Nutrition and life style which support the bone health must be known for prevention of the disease. This study was conducted to assess awareness about OP between men and women. Materials and Methods: The study was performed between the dates November 2012-May 2014 in Denizli Pamukkale University. A form including sociodemographic features, Osteoporosis Knowledge Test (OKT) and Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS) were used in the collection of the data for evaluation the osteoporosis knowledge level and awarenes of the volunteers who accept to attend the study. Results: Hundred forty-seven volunteers of 96 women and 51 men attended to the study. Mean age was 36.1±14,6 years and 6.1% of the participants had a diagnosis osteoporosis and 13.6% of the participants had a family history of osteoporosis. When the participants were compared according to gender, there were statistically significant difference between two groups for education level, had own and a family history of osteoporosis (p

WOS: 000391751500009 BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain is frequently observed in haemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare haemodialysis patients with or without shoulder pain in terms of shoulder motion ranges, beta 2 microglobulin levels and magnetic resonance imaging findings. METHODS: Forty-three patients undergoing dialysis were enrolled, of which 23 patients had explicit shoulder pain at night, which appeared during dialysis. Range of joint motion was evaluated. beta 2 microglobulin value was recorded. MRI was used to evaluate rotator cuff tendons for thickness, homogeneity, integrity and presence of effusion. RESULTS: Ranges of motion were significantly lower in the painful shoulder group. Supraspinatus tendon thickness and the number of areas with effusion were higher in the painful group. There was a positive correlation between the beta 2 microglobulin level and supraspinatus (r:0.352 p < 0.05) and subscapular (r:0.454 p < 0.05) tendon thicknesses. While effusion areas and pain (r:0.351 p < 0.05) showed positive correlation, there was a negative correlation between pain and shoulder motion ranges. CONCLUSIONS: Shoulder pain in dialysis patients can be related with tendon thickness and effusion. While the beta 2 microglobulin level affects tendon thickness, it has no relation to pain and movement constraint.

Background: Although there are several studies of systemic corticosteroid therapies in various doses and various durations in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), the outcome measurement parameters are limited to the range of motion measurements, edema, and symptoms of CRPS. Objective: To investigate the effects of prednisolone on clinical symptoms, pain, hand grip strength, range of motion, as well as on functional ability and quality of life in patients who developed CRPS after traumatic upper extremity injury. Study Design: Retrospective evaluation. Methods: Forty-five patients who used prednisolone for CRPS of the upper extremity were retrospectively studied. Prednisolone was started with a dose of 30 mg and tapered by 5 mg every 3 days until discontinuation after 3 weeks. Clinical symptoms (morning stiffness, cold intolerance, shoulder pain, numbness of fingers, hyperesthesia, abnormal sweating, and cyanosis that is exacerbated by exposure to cold temperature), pain (Visual Analogue Scale-Rest [VAS-R] and VASActivity [VAS-A]) were reviewed. The muscle strength with grip strength (GS) (kg), lateral pinch (LP) (pound), tip-to-tip pinch (TP) (pound), and chuck pinch (CP) (pound) measurements; the joint range of motion with using third finger tip-distal crease distance (FT-DC) (cm); functional ability with Quick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Q-DASH) score; and quality of life with Short Form-36 (SF-36) score were evaluated. Results: Mean age was 43.53 ± 11.43 years. After 3 weeks of therapy, patients showed significant improvements in clinical symptoms compared to the basal assessments (P < 0.05). The comparison of pre- and post-treatment results revealed that VAS-R, VAS-A, GS, LP, TP, CP, FT-DC, Q-DASH scores, and all SF-36 subscores were significantly improved (P < 0.05). Limitations: The retrospective design and data collection procedure was limited to the medical records of patients. Conclusion: A short-term oral prednisolone therapy significantly reduced the symptoms and signs of CRPS, and improved the functional abilities and quality of life. Key words: Complex regional pain syndrome, prednisolone, function, quality of life

Mobile phones are increasingly popular tools not only for daily use but also for research purposes. The authors systematically searched related literature using mobile phones as a tool for data collection and found 171 publications consisting of review, empirical, methodological, and theoretical studies in various disciplines such as medicine, engineering, and education. After reviewing contributions of previous review studies, the authors presented a description of data collection process consisting of four steps and used these four steps as a framework to review the existing empirical literature. The authors then reviewed contributions of methodological and theoretical studies, and end with a summary of current practices of collecting mobile data. Current challenges and future directions were also mentioned.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relations between alexithymia, temperament features, depression and anxiety levels and level of benefit from physical therapy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifty-eight patients in a physical therapy program were included in this study. Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), Beck Depression Scale (BDS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used before the treatment. Response to treatment parameters were as follows: pre-treatment, 10th session and 3rd month resting and activity pain was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-R, VAS-A), patients' self global evaluation (PSGE), doctors' global patient evaluation (DGPE) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). RESULTS: At the end of treatment, significant recovery was obtained in VAS-R, VAS-A, PSGE, DGPE, NHP-pain, NHP-physical mobility and NHP-energy scores. No changes were found in NHP-sleep, NHP-social isolation and NHP-emotional reaction scores (p> 0.05). Except for the recovery percentage of TAS and NSP-energy, no relations between TAS and other parameters were detected (p< 0.05). Only the recovery percentage of the PSGE parameter revealed significant negative correlation with depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperament means of TEMPS-A (p< 0.05). Other temperament features of TEMPS-A (hyperthymic, irritable) revealed no correlations. Significant negative correlations were found between BDS and PSGE, and VAS-A (p< 0.05). No correlations were found between BDS and other parameters, or between STAI scores and response parameters (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although pain, life quality and doctor evaluation of the patients in the physical treatment program improved greatly after the treatment, no favorable results were obtained for patients who had high depressive, cyclothymic, anxious temperament and depression scores. It was detected that alexithymia and anxiety scores revealed no effect in this evaluation. © 2013 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND: Although functional results of combined rehabilitation programs are reported, there have been no reports studying the effects of solo pendulum exercises on ultrasonographic measurements of acromiohumeral distance (AHD). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of weighted and un-weighted pendulum exercises on ultrasonographic AHD and clinical symptoms in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. METHODS: Patients with subacromial impingement syndrome were randomized to performing weighted (1.5 kilograms hand held dumbbell, N = 18) or un-weighted (free of weight, N = 16) pendulum exercises for 4 weeks, 3 sessions/day. Exercises were repeated for each direction of shoulder motion in each session (ten minutes). Clinical situation was evaluated by Constant score and Shoulder Pain Disability Index (SPADI). Ultrasonographic measurements of AHD at 0°, 30° and 60° shoulder abduction were performed. All clinical and ultrasonographic evaluations were performed at the beginning of the exercise program and at end of 4 weeks of exercise program. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (23 females, 11 males; mean age 41.7 ± 8.9 years) were evaluated. Significant clinical improvements were detected in both exercise groups between pre and post-treatment evaluations (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference for pre and post-treatment AHD measurements at 0°, 30°, and 60° shoulder abduction between groups (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference for pre and post-treatment narrowing of AHD (narrowing of 0°'30°, and 0°'60°) between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: While significant clinical improvements were achieved with both weighted and un-weighted solo pendulum exercises, no significant difference was detected for ultrasonographic AHD measurements between exercise groups. © 2017 IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

Guray, Gurkan/0000-0003-1221-0841 WOS: 000372164000023 PubMed: 26905486 We aimed to determine the incidence of osteoporosis in hemodialysis patients, to evaluate the differences due to arteriovenous fistula on bone mineral density (BMD) and to investigate whether usage of arm with fistula has an effect on BMD. In this cross-sectional study, 96 patients with chronic renal disease undergone to dialysis were included. Place of fistula (radial and brachial) and dominant hand were recorded. All patients were asked to complete Likert's scale in order to determine the frequency of their usage of arm with fistula. Patients were assigned in two groups: age >51 and < 50years. Age-matched control group included 60 subjects. BMD measurements were done on lumbar vertebra, femur and both forearms. BMD measurement of proximal femur and total radius were significantly lower in patients >50years compared to healthy controls and bone density measurement of lumbar vertebra, proximal femur, 1/3 distal and total radius were significantly lower in patients < 50years compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). BMD measurement was significantly lower in arms with fistula, especially with radial fistula, compared to both arms without fistula and healthy controls (p < 0.05). When all patients were evaluated, BMD scores were lowering by increasing age, duration of dialysis and fistula and decreasing usage of arm with fistula. BMD in hemodialysis patients is lower than normal population. BMD of arm with fistula is lower than arm without fistula and healthy controls. Both radial and brachial fistula affect negatively ipsilateral BMD. Movement of arm with fistula has positive effects on BMD.

Background: Migraine is a common disorder characterized by headache attacks frequently accompanied by vestibular symptoms like dizziness, vertigo, and balance disorders. Clinical studies support a strong link between migraine and vertigo rather than between other headache types and vertigo or nonvertiginous dizziness. There is a lack of consensus regarding the pathophysiology of migrainous vertigo. Activation of central vestibular processing during migraine attacks and vasospasm-induced ischemia of the labyrinth are reported as the probable responsible mechanisms. Because vestibular examination alone does not provide enough information for diagnosis of migrainous vertigo, posturography systems which provide objective assessment of somatosensory, vestibular, and visual information would be very helpful to show concomitant involvement of the vestibular and somato-sensorial systems. There are few posturographic studies on patients with migraine but it seems that how balance is affected in patients with migraine and/or migrainous vertigo is still not clear. We want to investigate balance function in migraineurs with and without vertigo with a tetra-ataxiometric posturography system and our study is the first study in which tetra-ataxiometric static posturography was used to evaluate postural abnormalities in a well-defined population of patients with migrainous vertigo. Objective: To investigate balance functions in migraineurs with and without vertigo with a tetra-ataxiometric posturography system. Study Design: Prospective, nonrandomized, controlled study. Setting: Pamukkale University Hospital, Neurology and Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation outpatient clinics. Methods: Sixteen patients with migrainous vertigo, 16 patients with migraine without aura and no vestibular symptoms, and 16 controls were included in the study. Computerized static posturography system was performed and statistical analyses of fall, Fourier, Stability, and Weight distribution indexes were performed. The tetra-ataxiometric posturography device measures vertical pressure fluctuations on 4 independent stable platforms, each placed beneath 2 heels and toe parts of the patient; inputs from these platforms are integrated and processed by a computer digitally. Four separate plates are used and perpendicular pressures of the anterior and posterior feet are measured. Pressure of each force plate is measured and data was analyzed by the software program. Limitations: A very small, non-randomized, and controlled study with the inability to find an answer to the mechanism of involvement of the somatosensorial system and vestibular system in migrainous headaches. Results: The distribution of patients with posturographical abnormalities in the migrainous vertigo group was significantly different than the control group. Distribution of the patients with posturographical abnormalities in the high frequencies of the head-right position was significantly different in the migrainous vertigo group than in the control group and distribution of the patients with posturographical abnormalities in high frequencies of the head-right position was significantly different in the migraine group than in the controls groups. The stability index of the migrainous vertigo group was significantly higher than in the control group when tested on in the neutral-head position with open eyes. Conclusion: In this first study of tetra-ataxiometric static posturography evaluating postural abnormalities in a well-defined population of patients with migrainous vertigo, the central part of the vestibular apparatus would be responsible of postural abnormalities in patients with migraine and migrainous vertigo. Key words: Fall index, migraine, migrainous vertigo, static posturography

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a Turkish version of the mini Osteoporosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini-OQLQ), and assess its reliability and validity., Material and method: Sixty-four women with postmenopausal osteoporosis were included in the study. Patients who were diagnosed with secondary osteoporosis through clinical and laboratory examinations were excluded from the study. After translation process, the Turkish version of the scale was applied to each participant twice with an interval of 2 weeks. For reliability study, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of mini-OQLQ total score and test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. Validation study was assessed by correlating the scale with QUALEFFO 41., Results: The mean age at menopause and age of patients were 45.61 +/- 6.04 and 59.91 +/- 8.69 years, respectively. Cronbach's a of the Turkish version of the mini-OQLQ was 0.898. The test-retest reliability (ICC) of the Turkish version of the mini-OQLQ was determined as 0.81 for the total score, and ranged between 0.71 and 0.84 for individual items. In terms of validity, the Turkish version of mini-OQLQ showed significant negative correlation with QUALEFFO 41 (r = -0.756; p < 0.0001)., Conclusion: The Turkish version of the mini-OQLQ was found to be reliable and valid in the evaluation of life quality of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

The aims were to investigate how the body image is affected in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in comparison to healthy people, as well as to explore the relationship of the body image with the level of pain, functional status, severity of depression, and quality of life (QoL). Demographic variables, symptoms of fibromyalgia, and number of fibromyalgia tender points for 51 patients with FMS and 41 control subjects were recorded. All patients were asked to mark the level of pain on visual analogue scale (VAS). Six-minute walking test was recorded for functional assessment. The impact of the disease was evaluated by fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ). All patients were asked to complete body image scale (BIS), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and short form-36 (SF-36). There were no differences between groups with regard to demographic variables (p > 0.05). Mean VAS was 7.5 ± 1.4 for the patients with FMS and 0.3 ± 0.4 for control subjects (p

The Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)-I is widely used assessment tool for evaluation of balance and gait properties. The aim of this study was to translate POMA-I to Turkish and to assess its reliability and validity. People with amputated lower extremities using prosthetics, those who underwent orthopedic surgery within the last 6 months, those dependent on wheel chairs and also bed-ridden patients, subjects with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, and illiterate people were excluded. After translation into Turkish, the Turkish version of the scale was applied on the participants at 2-week intervals. Volunteers ≥65 years of age were enrolled in the study. Internal consistencies of POMA subscale scores of postural balance and gait, and total score were calculated using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The Turkish version was evaluated with respect to inter- and intrarater reliability and test–retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). For validation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient between POMA and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) was estimated. Eighty participants enrolled in the study with a mean age of 76.5 ± 6.75 years. In the reliability evaluation of the scale, considering postural balance, gait, and total score, Cronbach’s α coefficients were found to be 0.72, 0.83, and 0.88, respectively. ICCs were detected above 0.70 for test–retest reliability and also for interrater and intrarater reliability. In validation study POMA total score had a strong positive correlation with BBS total score (r = 0.86, p r = −0.75, p

[Purpose] The results of studies investigating the role of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in osteoporosis are contradictory. In this study we investigated HP seropositivity in postmenopausal osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic females to elucidate the role of HP in postmenopausal osteoporosis. [Subjects and Methods] Serum was collected from fifty-eight osteoporotic patients and forty-seven nonosteoporotic subjects, whose status was diagnosed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). None of the subjects had received any prior treatment for osteoporosis. Subjects' sera were assessed for HP antibodies (Immunoglobulin A and G) by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were interviewed about risk factors of osteoporosis. Prior fractures of patients and familial fracture history were also noted. [Results] Fifty-eight patients with osteoporosis and forty-seven nonosteoporotic patients, as determined by lumbar total or collum femoris in DEXA, were evaluated in this study. The familial fracture history was significantly higher in the osteoporotic patients than in the nonosteoporotic group. There was no significant difference in HP seropositivity between the osteoporotic and nonosteoporotic groups. [Conclusion] There was no difference in HP seropositivity between the groups, therefore HP infection seems not to be an important risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Mobile assessment (m-assessment) is a natural extension of incorporating technology into educational assessment. M-assessment is an emerging field, with foundational studies first published in 2005, but has drawn interest from scholars from all around the world, who have since examined the delivery and effects of m-assessment. Current research encompasses the use of m-assessment in various contexts, including mobile environments, classrooms, work-based settings, informal learning settings, and distance education settings. Current studies also report the effects of m-assessment on student achievement and attitude, as well as highlighting advantages and concerns regarding the administration of m-assessment. The article concludes with a statement of future research imperatives in four areas: extending the purpose of m-assessment, extending the context in which m-assessment can be used, improving delivery of m-assessment, and advancing research to evaluate effects of m-assessment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare patients who were injured by punching glass with patients who were injured accidentally, according to demographical, clinical, and psychological parameters.Methods: The Hand Injury Severity Score (HISS), the Duruöz Hand Index, the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale (Q-DASH), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Adult Attention-Deficiency/Hyperactivity Scale (A-ADHS), the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used for evaluating severity of the injury, functionality, impact of the injury on the patient, attention deficiency, patterns of borderline personality symptoms, and level of depression, respectively.Results: Patients who were injured by punching glass were significantly younger and more likely to injure their dominant hand. The severity of injury and all psychological scales were significantly higher in patients who were injured by punching glass.Conclusion: Hand therapy specialists should be aware of potential problems in patients who were injured by punching glass., Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı cama vurmayla ve kazayla yaralanan hastaları demografik, klinik ve psikolojik parametreler açısından karşılaştırmaktır.Çalışma planı: Yaralanma ciddiyetini değerlendirmek için El Yaralanması Ciddiyet Skoru (EYCS), fonksiyon değerlendirmesi için Duruöz El İndeksi (DEİ), Hızlı Kol Omuz El Disabilite indeksi (H-KOES), yaralanmanın etkisini değerlendirmek için Revize Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği (R-OEÖ), dikkat eksikliğini değerlendirmek için Erişkin Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Ölçeği (E-DEHÖ), kişilik bozukluğu semptomlarını değerlendirmek için Sınırda Kişilik Envanteri (SKE), depresyon düzeyini belirlemek için Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) kullanıldı.Bulgular: Cama vurarak yaralanan hastalar anlamlım olarak daha gençti ve ağırlıklı olarak dominant ellerinden yaralanmışlardı.

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is defined as an involuntary, irregular clonic, or tonic movement of muscles innervated by the ipsilateral seventh cranial nerve. It is reported that the coexistence of non-motor- and motor-related symptoms can be seen in patients with HFS. Postural disturbances were investigated in some movement disorders; however, postural abnormalities due to HFS had not been reported before. In this study, we aimed to investigate the postural abnormalities in patients with HFS. In this cross-sectional, controlled study, Tinetti Balance and Gait Test (TBGT) scores and static posturography were performed on fifteen patients with HFS and fifteen healthy age- and sex-matched controls. The total TBGT score and TBGT-balance score were found to be significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (p values were, respectively, 0.046 and 0.011). The ratio of the patients with high risk of falling was 40 %, and the difference was found to be significantly higher in the patient group (p value = 0.008). In Fourier analyses, a significant difference was found in the medium to high frequencies (F5–6) when the posturographic evaluation was performed on a solid ground with closed eyes, head rotated to right, and head rotated to the left positions (p values were, respectively, 0.045 and 0.007). The stability index of the HFS group was significantly higher than the control group when tested on the neutral, head right, and head left positions (p values were, respectively, 0.004, 0.049, and 0.003). In conclusion, our study showed that the patients with HFS have more balance and falling problems than the controls, which can be both clinically and posturographically determined. © 2014, Belgian Neurological Society.

Objective: The aim of this study was to translate the revised 2011-Osteoporosis Knowledge test (R-OKT) into Turkish and to assess its reliability. Materials and Methods: After the translation process, the study was performed with healthy volunteers who accepted to participate in the study. Demographic features, level of nutrition and physical activity were recorded. Participants were fulfilled the R-OKT. Cronbach-α was calculated for internal consistency, intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated for test-retest reliability by using two tests fulfilled with 2 days interval. Validation study was performed by Spearman’s correlation between nutrition and exercise subscales of R-OKT with calcium intake and level of physical activity. Results: The study was carried out with 82 participants with a mean age of 41.3±12.6 years. Cronbach-α values for the nutrition subscale, exercise subscale and total score was found as 0.71, 0.76 and 0.76, respectively. Test-retest reliability was calculated above 0.90 for both of the subscales and total score. When R-OKT subscales were compared with calcium intake and exercise level in daily living, significant relationship was found between R-OKT nutrition subscale and the level of calcium intake. Conclusion: Turkish version of R-OKT is a reliable scale to assess the level of osteoporosis knowledge.

Bilateral injuries of the sensory branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) usually occur as a result of tight-handcuff neuropathy. In this case we aimed to present bilateral isolated cut of SBRN resulting an injury mechanism that has not been reported in the literature previously. A male twenty-four years old, a worker in a glass factory, presented to our clinic. The dorsolateral skin of his wrists were cut by breaking of the glass as a result of occupational accident and was primarily sutured in a healthcare center. The patient sought additional care after a month because of lingering numbness and pain, and surgery was planned. During surgery, scar tissue and neuroma at the cut ends of SBRN were excised, and bilateral SBRN cuts were repaired. Four weeks after operation, mild sensory deficit on the dorsal side of bilateral thumbs, and left first web space and flexion limitation on the right wrist were detected. At the 3rd month postoperative, right wrist joint range of motion was full, and sensory deficits, and hyperesthesia were decreased. The SBRN elicits the sensory innervation of the thumb dorsum and its injury does not cause important functional deficit. However because of susceptibility of SBRN to develop painful neuroma, diagnosis, treatment and follow up of isolated SBRN injury would be worthwhile for prevention of possible painful neuropathy disturbing quality of life.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of dynamic lumbar stabilization exercises in patients with lumbar microdiscectomy. Design: A prospective, randomized, controlled study. Subjects: Forty-two patients who were diagnosed as having lumbar disc herniation and had been operated on using the microdiscectomy method were divided randomly into 3 groups. Methods: Dynamic lumbar stabilization exercises were set for the first group and a home exercise programme for the second. The third group given no exercises was considered as a control group. All patients were examined twice, once before the exercise programme and once 8 weeks later. Results: Improvement in the first group was highly significant after the treatment (p 0.0001). The second group improved significantly more in some parameters (pain, functional disability, lumbar Schober, progressive isoinertial lifting evaluation (neck), trunk endurance (flexion-extension)) than did the third group. The third group of patients showed some improvement in fingertip‐floor distance, functional disability, modified lumbar Schober and left rotation in 8 weeks, but there were no significant improvements in the other parameters. Conclusion: Dynamic lumbar stabilization exercises are an efficient and useful technique in the rehabilitation of patients who have undergone microdiscectomy. They relieve pain, improve functional parameters and strengthen trunk, abdominal and low back muscles.

PURPOSE: To compare responsiveness Short Form-36 (SF-36), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and QUALEFFO-41 scales in patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. METHODS: A number of 70 osteoporosis patients who were in their menopause period at least for three years were enrolled in our study. The patients completed Short Form-36 (SF-36), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and QUALEFFO-41 scales during pretreatment period and one year after the termination of the treatment. Reponsiveness was compared between questionnaires using standardized responsiveness mean (SRM), the effect size (ES), and Guyatt's method., RESULTS: All scales revealed statistically significant improvement after the treatment. Upon this finding, calculations related with responsiveness indices for SF-36 (Physical Health and Mental Health), NHP (Total point), and QUALEFFO-41 (Total point) demonstrated highly responsive. ES=1.67 and 1.55, SRM=1.55 and 1.85, Guyatt value=2.20 and 1.91 for SF-36 Physical Health and Mental Health. ES=1.35, SRM=1.35, Guyatt value=1.72 for NHP. QUALEFFO-41's ES=2.56, SRM=4.32 and Guyatt value=2.31. CONCLUSION: Osteoporosis specific scale as QUALEFFO-41, gives more specific information about the quality of life of osteoporotic patients. If patients with osteoporosis will be compared with other diseases regarding quality of life, then SF-36, one scale was used to evaluate general quality life of such patients, should be preferred against NHP. © 2014 IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

In this study, we aimed to determine whether there is a correlation between the electrodiagnostic findings and the functional status, muscle strength and sensibility in patients with traumatic nerve injury to the wrists. We assessed 50 patients at a mean of 11.6 months (SD 5.85) (range 6-25) after nerve injury. Sensibility was assessed by monofilament testing. Motor function was evaluated by assessing the manual muscle grade of the abductor pollicis brevis and abductor digiti minimi muscles. Function was evaluated by the Sollerman Hand Function Test. The amplitudes of the compound muscle action potential and the sensory nerve action potential were determined by electroneuromyography. While the compound muscle action potential and sensory nerve action potential amplitudes had significant correlation with muscle grade and Semmes Weinstein Monofilament tests, there was no correlation with the functional scores. © The Author(s) 2013.