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3. Oxidation-induced Misfolding and Aggregation of Superoxide Dismutase and Its Implications for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Author

Avijit Chakrabartty, Leslie H. Kondejewski, Sophie Dahan, Neil R. Cashman, Xiao-Fei Qi, John P. Crow, Rishi Rakhit, Patricia Cunningham, and Alexandra Furtos-Matei

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Protein Folding, Cell type, Erythrocytes, Light, animal diseases, SOD1, Mutant, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Biochemistry, Superoxide dismutase, medicine, Humans, Scattering, Radiation, Benzothiazoles, Amino Acids, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Molecular Biology, Histidine, Neurons, Binding Sites, biology, Superoxide Dismutase, Chemistry, Circular Dichroism, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Active site, Cell Biology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Oxygen, Thiazoles, Zinc, nervous system, Mutation, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, biology.protein, Biophysics, Intracellular, Chromatography, Liquid, Protein Binding
Abstract

The presence of intracellular aggregates that contain Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in spinal cord motor neurons is a pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although SOD1 is abundant in all cells, its half-life in motor neurons far exceeds that in any other cell type. On the basis of the premise that the long half-life of the protein increases the potential for oxidative damage, we investigated the effects of oxidation on misfolding/aggregation of SOD1 and ALS-associated SOD1 mutants. Zinc-deficient wild-type SOD1 and SOD1 mutants were extremely prone to form visible aggregates upon oxidation as compared with wild-type holo-protein. Oxidation of select histidine residues that bind metals in the active site mediates SOD1 aggregation. Our results provide a plausible model to explain the accumulation of SOD1 aggregates in motor neurons affected in ALS.

Published
2002
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