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525 results on '"Functional description"'

1. Naturalism, Disease, and Levels of Functional Description.

Author

Varga, Somogy and Gray, David Miguel

Abstract

The paper engages Christopher Boorse's Bio-Statistical Theory (BST). In its current form, BST runs into a significant challenge. For BST to account for its central tenet-that lower-level part-dysfunction is sufficient for higher-level pathology-it must provide criteria for how to decide which lower-level parts are the ones to be analyzed for health or pathology. As BST is a naturalistic theory, such choices must be based solely on naturalistic considerations. An argument is provided to show that, if BST is to be preserved, such parthood choices are based on non-naturalistic considerations. We demonstrate that even when parthood choices are based on the best way to preserve BST, there are counterintuitive results which bring the central tenet of BST into question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. A preliminary description of mood in Welsh.

Author

Fontaine, Lise and Williams, Lowri

Subjects
NEGOTIATION, CELTIC languages, SOCIOLINGUISTICS, PHONOLOGY, NATURAL language processing, WELSH language
Abstract

In this paper we propose a functional account of the Welsh mood system, focussing on responsives in particular. The discourse functions of responsives are interpreted through the concept of negotiation within the systemic functional linguistic framework, which offers a rich model for accounting for both initiations and responses, including possible tracking and challenging moves. By examining the interaction of mood together with specific features of Welsh, e.g. a dominant VSO clause ordering, mood particles, Subject ellipsis and a complex system of negation, we are able to show that Welsh tends to highlight interpersonal meanings in clause initial position. As the first functional description of Welsh, we also set out important directions for future research, based on the findings presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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4. Mans enlaire i palmells amunt, això és un marcador discursiu!

Author

Gabarró-López, Sílvia

Subjects
DISCOURSE markers, CATALAN language, SIGN language, DISCOURSE, CORPORA
Abstract

In this article, we present the first study on PALM-UP from the perspective of discourse markers in Catalan Sign Language (LSC). In the sample extracted from the LSC Corpus, we observed that PALM-UP is polyfunctional. It frequently expresses nonconnective purposes, that is, it is used to punctuate discourse or to participate in the exchange between signers. We have not found correspondences between the handshape of PALM-UP (one handed or two handed) and its functions. We have neither observed any combination of nonmanuals that allows us to distinguish one function from the other. This finding underlines the importance of context in order to assign a specific function to this discourse marker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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7. Data- and expert-driven rule induction and filtering framework for functional interpretation and description of gene sets

Author

Aleksandra Gruca and Marek Sikora

Subjects
Functional description, Gene Ontology, Logical rules, Expert-driven rule induction, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Abstract Background High-throughput methods in molecular biology provided researchers with abundance of experimental data that need to be interpreted in order to understand the experimental results. Manual methods of functional gene/protein group interpretation are expensive and time-consuming; therefore, there is a need to develop new efficient data mining methods and bioinformatics tools that could support the expert in the process of functional analysis of experimental results. Results In this study, we propose a comprehensive framework for the induction of logical rules in the form of combinations of Gene Ontology (GO) terms for functional interpretation of gene sets. Within the framework, we present four approaches: the fully automated method of rule induction without filtering, rule induction method with filtering, expert-driven rule filtering method based on additive utility functions, and expert-driven rule induction method based on the so-called seed or expert terms – the GO terms of special interest which should be included into the description. These GO terms usually describe some processes or pathways of particular interest, which are related to the experiment that is being performed. During the rule induction and filtering processes such seed terms are used as a base on which the description is build. Conclusion We compare the descriptions obtained with different algorithms of rule induction and filtering and show that a filtering step is required to reduce the number of rules in the output set so that they could be analyzed by a human expert. However, filtering may remove information from the output rule set which is potentially interesting for the expert. Therefore, in the study, we present two methods that involve interaction with the expert during the process of rule induction. Both of them are able to reduce the number of rules, but only in the case of the method based on seed terms, each of the created rule includes expert terms in combination with the other terms. Further analysis of such combinations may provide new knowledge about biological processes and their combination with other pathways related to genes described by the rules. A suite of Matlab scripts that provide the functionality of a comprehensive framework for the rule induction and filtering presented in this study is available free of charge at: http://rulego.polsl.pl/framework .

Published
2017
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9. Using Rewriting to Synthesize Functional Languages to Digital Circuits

Author

Baaij, Christiaan, Kuper, Jan, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and McCarthy, Jay, editor

Published
2014
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12. Functions and Mechanisms: A Perspectivalist View

Author

Craver, Carl F., Hendricks, Vincent F., Editor-in-chief, Symons, John, Editor-in-chief, Kuipers, Theo A.F., Series editor, Seidenfeld, Teddy, Series editor, Suppes, Patrick, Series editor, Woleński, Jan, Series editor, and Huneman, Philippe, editor

Published
2013
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21. WSMO-Lite Annotations for Web Services

Author

Vitvar, Tomas, Kopecký, Jacek, Viskova, Jana, Fensel, Dieter, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Bechhofer, Sean, editor, Hauswirth, Manfred, editor, Hoffmann, Jörg, editor, and Koubarakis, Manolis, editor

Published
2008
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25. Two-Phase Web Service Discovery Based on Rich Functional Descriptions

Author

Stollberg, Michael, Keller, Uwe, Lausen, Holger, Heymans, Stijn, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Rangan, C. Pandu, editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Franconi, Enrico, editor, Kifer, Michael, editor, and May, Wolfgang, editor

Published
2007
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26. A Caching Mechanism for Semantic Web Service Discovery

Author

Stollberg, Michael, Hepp, Martin, Hoffmann, Jörg, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Aberer, Karl, editor, Choi, Key-Sun, editor, Noy, Natasha, editor, Allemang, Dean, editor, Lee, Kyung-Il, editor, Nixon, Lyndon, editor, Golbeck, Jennifer, editor, Mika, Peter, editor, Maynard, Diana, editor, Mizoguchi, Riichiro, editor, Schreiber, Guus, editor, and Cudré-Mauroux, Philippe, editor

Published
2007
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28. Support to Development-with-Reuse in Very Small Software Developing Companies

Author

Barros, José L., Marqués, José M., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Morisio, Maurizio, editor

Published
2006
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29. On the Semantics of Functional Descriptions of Web Services

Author

Keller, Uwe, Lausen, Holger, Stollberg, Michael, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Sure, York, editor, and Domingue, John, editor

Published
2006
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31. Quality-Based Software Reuse

Author

Leite, Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado, Yu, Yijun, Liu, Lin, Yu, Eric S. K., Mylopoulos, John, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Pastor, Oscar, editor, and Falcão e Cunha, João, editor

Published
2005
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32. The Timer Cascade: Functional Modelling and Real Time Calculi

Author

Boute, Raymond, Schäfer, Andreas, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Van Hung, Dang, editor, and Wirsing, Martin, editor

Published
2005
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34. Functional description of transcription as a preliminary stage of spoken data analysis

Author

Monika Zaśko-Zielińska and Anna Majewska-Tworek

Subjects
Type selection, Computational biology, Biology, Transcription (software), Functional description
Abstract

The article presents main types of spoken text transcription, as well as describes the relationship between the research goal and transcription type selection. It also presents a transcription typology proposal. Most of the transcript examples are from the archives of the Oral Polish Laboratory.

Published
2021
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35. Revision of the muscular anatomy of the paired fins of the living coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia)

Author

Marc Herbin, Alessia Huby, Anthony Herrel, Rohan Mansuit, Université de Liège, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Sarcopterygii, endocrine system, animal structures, Pelvic girdle, Fin, biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Latimeria, Actinistia, Reduced mobility, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Functional description, body regions, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, embryonic structures, human activities, Coelacanth, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

As a sarcopterygian fish, the extant coelacanth Latimeria has muscular paired fins, different in their skeletal and muscular anatomy from the paired fins of actinopterygians. Although the muscular anatomy of the pectoral and pelvic fins of Latimeria has been described by several studies, a detailed functional description of the muscles and their architecture has never been performed. Our detailed functional description of the muscles of the paired fins shows a more complex organization than previously described. The pectoral and pelvic fins have a different organization of their muscular anatomy, and the pelvic fin shows a more plesiomorphic configuration of the muscles since most of them are poly-articular and run from the pelvic girdle to the fin rays, an organization typical of actinopterygians. We found that the pectoral fins are stronger than the pelvic fins which is likely to be associated with the greater contribution of the pectoral fins to locomotion and manoeuvring. Finally, the study of the joint mobility of the paired fins showed that the pectoral fins show greater mobility than the pelvic fins. The reduced mobility of the pelvic fin is possibly a consequence of the morphology of the mesomeres and the large pre-axial radials.

Published
2021
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37. On Σ N -Definability in Arithmetic

Author

Borrego-Diaz, J., Fernández-Margarit, A., Pérez-Jimenez, M. J., Symons, John, editor, Van Dalen, Dirk, editor, Davidson, Donald, editor, Kuipers, Theo A. F., editor, Suppes, Patrick, editor, Woleński, Jan, editor, Rojszczak, Artur, editor, Cachro, Jacek, editor, and Kurczewski, Gabriel, editor

Published
2003
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40. Naturalism, Disease, and Levels of Functional Description

Author

David Gray and Somogy Varga

Subjects
disease, Philosophy, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, functional description, Health, Humans, pathology, Disease, General Medicine, Philosophy, Medical, Dissent and Disputes, BST
Abstract

The paper engages Christopher Boorse’s Bio-Statistical Theory (BST). In its current form, BST runs into a significant challenge. For BST to account for its central tenet—that lower-level part-dysfunction is sufficient for higher-level pathology—it must provide criteria for how to decide which lower-level parts are the ones to be analyzed for health or pathology. As BST is a naturalistic theory, such choices must be based solely on naturalistic considerations. An argument is provided to show that, if BST is to be preserved, such parthood choices are based on non-naturalistic considerations. We demonstrate that even when parthood choices are based on the best way to preserve BST, there are counterintuitive results which bring the central tenet of BST into question.

Published
2022
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41. Data- and expert-driven rule induction and filtering framework for functional interpretation and description of gene sets.

Author

Gruca, Aleksandra and Sikora, Marek

Subjects
*MOLECULAR biology, *GENE ontology, *EXPERIMENTS, *FILTERING software, *FUNCTIONAL analysis, *BIOINFORMATICS
Abstract

Background: High-throughput methods in molecular biology provided researchers with abundance of experimental data that need to be interpreted in order to understand the experimental results. Manual methods of functional gene/protein group interpretation are expensive and time-consuming; therefore, there is a need to develop new efficient data mining methods and bioinformatics tools that could support the expert in the process of functional analysis of experimental results. Results: In this study, we propose a comprehensive framework for the induction of logical rules in the form of combinations of Gene Ontology (GO) terms for functional interpretation of gene sets. Within the framework, we present four approaches: the fully automated method of rule induction without filtering, rule induction method with filtering, expert-driven rule filtering method based on additive utility functions, and expert-driven rule induction method based on the so-called seed or expert terms -- the GO terms of special interest which should be included into the description. These GO terms usually describe some processes or pathways of particular interest, which are related to the experiment that is being performed. During the rule induction and filtering processes such seed terms are used as a base on which the description is build. Conclusion: We compare the descriptions obtained with different algorithms of rule induction and filtering and show that a filtering step is required to reduce the number of rules in the output set so that they could be analyzed by a human expert. However, filtering may remove information from the output rule set which is potentially interesting for the expert. Therefore, in the study, we present two methods that involve interaction with the expert during the process of rule induction. Both of them are able to reduce the number of rules, but only in the case of the method based on seed terms, each of the created rule includes expert terms in combination with the other terms. Further analysis of such combinations may provide new knowledge about biological processes and their combination with other pathways related to genes described by the rules. A suite of Matlab scripts that provide the functionality of a comprehensive framework for the rule induction and filtering presented in this study is available free of charge at: http://rulego.polsl.pl/framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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42. From Configurable Circuits to Bio-Inspired Systems

Author

Sipper, Moshe, Sanchez, Eduardo, Haenni, Jacques Olivier, Beuchat, Jean-Luc, Stauffer, Andre, Perez-Uribe, Andres, Zimmermann, Hans-Jürgen, editor, Teodorescu, Horia-Nicolai, editor, Mlynek, Daniel, editor, Kandel, Abraham, editor, and Zimmermann, H.-J., editor

Published
2000
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49. Algorithms for partitioning logical circuits into subcircuits

Author

N. A. Kirienko

Subjects
Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Constructive, Logical circuit, logical circuit partitioning, 0103 physical sciences, constructive algorithms, technology-independent optimization, logical circuit, 010302 applied physics, Interpretation (logic), Process (computing), General Medicine, QA75.5-76.95, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Data structure, Functional description, systems of boolean functions, Logic gate, Electronic computers. Computer science, Graph (abstract data type), synthesis of logical circuits, 0210 nano-technology, Algorithm, Hardware_LOGICDESIGN
Abstract

The problem of partitioning a logical circuit into subcircuits is considered. It is of great importance when performing optimization transformations in the process of circuit synthesis. The brief review of partitioning methods and algorithms is given, and two groups of algorithms are identified: constructive and iterative one. The interpretation of a logical circuit in the form of a graph is presented. The problem of partitioning in terms of a graph-theoretic model is defined and some algorithms for solving the partitioning problem are proposed. Logic circuit functions are defined by a system of logical equations. Algorithms perform the partitioning the system of logical equations into subsystems with the restrictions of the number of input and output variables. The data structures to execute the algorithms are defined. Various types of equations connections, obtaining better solutions for partitioning are described. The problems of the use of partitioning algorithms to improve the quality of the circuit at the stage of technology-independent optimization are investigated. The results of an experimental study carried out by the BDD optimization procedure for the functional description of the circuit and LeonardoSpectrum synthesis confirm the effectiveness of the developed algorithms. The algorithms are implemented as partitioning circuit procedures in the experimental FLC system for logical design.

Published
2020

50. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE ZONING OF LOCAL TERRITORIES OF THE GLOBE BY QUANTITY AND DESTRUCTIVE ENERGY OF TECTONIC EXTREME ORIGIN SITUATIONS

Author

V. Kalugin, L. Chernogor, T. Agazade, and V. Tiutiunyk

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Energy (esotericism), Earth science, Globe, 01 natural sciences, Functional description, Tectonics, medicine.anatomical_structure, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Zoning, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

In conditions of uneven distribution of sources of danger across the territory of the state, each territory has its own levels of natural, technogenic, social and military loads, which influence on the composition of forces, tactical and technical characteristics of the means of the functioning geoinformation security system, namely the national security system. In Ukraine the civil defense system is functioning to ensure the implementation of state policy in the field of civil defense for protection of the population, territories, environment and property from emergencies by preventing such situations, eliminating their consequences and providing assistance to victims in peacetime and during a special period. The system consists of functional and territorial subsystems and is aimed to solving the issues of ensuring the necessary level of security of the state in the conditions of emergency. At the same time, the issues of implementation of the monitoring function and development of effective decisions by all local subsystems, which aimed at prevention and localization of different emergencies, remain completely open to the state. In this paper in order to further develop the scientific and technical foundations for creating an artificial intelligence system for monitoring emergencies of tectonic origin have been presented the results of a mathematical description of the hierarchical clustering local territories of the globe in terms of the amount and of destructive energy of tectonic origin emergency situations. The results have been obtained by discriminant and canonical multivariate statistical analysis of the Earth's seismic activity in the Sun – Earth – Moon nonlinear energy interaction system. The discriminant and canonical analyzes of the results of hierarchical clustering (zoning) of the local territories of the globe according to the level of seismic activity were carried out using the statistical packages STATISTICA 6.1 and SPSS 2.0. The results obtained in this work are the basis for further comprehensive assessment of the interconnections between the main parameters of the Earth’s movement in the Sun – Earth – Moon system and the main parameters of the tectonic hazard of seismically active local territories of the Earth, aimed at developing the scientific and technical foundations for creating an artificial intelligence system for monitoring emergencies of tectonic origin. Keywords: emergency, seismic activity, seismic hazard, emergency monitoring of tectonic origin, discriminant analysis, canonical analysis

Published
2020
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