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We put effect inspection of a crow deterrent system with alarm sound using crow observation system at photovoltaic power plant.This number of an area concerned in a photovoltaic generation plant could get the few effect by the alarm sound this crow deterrent system takes out of this inspection result.

There are many PWM control devices, which are higher harmonics current sources, in distribution systems, and higher harmonics cause overcurrents by parallel resonance. To avoid overcurrents, it is necessary to suppress resonance. In this paper, a new suppression method, which uses the effect of source connected points in resonance circuits, is proposed. First it shows that the optimal point, which gives a minimum current amplification degree, is orthogonal to the static condenser voltage. Then, using the eigenvector of the state equation, the participation factor is defined. When the participation factor is zero, the orthogonality condition is introduced. Therefore, the optimal point is obtained with the participation factor. Finally, numerical investigation shows that multiple optimal points usually exist. Therefore, we can choose the most advantageous point as a source-connected node. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(1): 18–29, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22307

This paper presents a new method to determine optimum cutting condition of a machine tool based on load frequency. Minimum cutting cost within machine tool in life cycle is estimated from depreciation differential cost between in predetermined and predicted life cycle of machine tool, labor fee and tool price. The predicated depreciation cost is calculated with the load frequency and the life cycle. Then, the cutting condition to make the cutting cost lowest is applied to next part to be produced. The method is proved to be effective to result in about 7 percent cutting cost reduction on the case studies in experiments and simulation.

We investigated the clinical and bacteriological effects of Cefpodoxime proxetil (CPDX-PR) in pediatric infections in 118 boys and 111 girls aged one month to 14 years and 7 months. The diagnosis was acute otitis media in 89, acute tonsillitis in 81, acute pharyngolaryngitis in 34, paranasal sinusitis in 22, and other infections in 3. The daily dose of CPDX-PR was usually 9 mg/kg, but some adjustments were made depending on the effect. In 165 patients the causative organisms were cultured: H. influenzae was the most common, followed by S. aureus and S. pneumoniae. Gram-positive bacteria were detected in 54.2%, Gram-negative bacteria in 45.3%, and fungi in 0.5%. The incidence of Gramnegative infection is higher in children than in adults. The efficacy rate was 91.3%. Side effects were noted in 4 patients but they were mild. Rapid hematological effects on WBC counts, ESR, and differential counts were observed with the administration of CPDX-PR.

Surgical materials obtained from 5 normal human thyroids and 19 diseased tissues (4 with Grave's disease, 4 adenomatous goiters, 3 follicular adenomas, 2 papillary carcinomas, 4 follicular carcinomas and 2 undifferentiated carcinomas) were investigated immunohistochemically using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique with anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody. The results of this study suggested the following: (1) Labeling indexes of PCNA positive cell nuclei were shown in high grade malignant cases accompanied by capsular invasion and lymph node metastasis, in undifferentiated carcinoma cells, and in proliferative lesions of benign diseases. These results suggest that PCNA is indicative of proliferative ability in thyroid diseases. (2) On thyroid tumors, EGFR regions with strong positive staining showed many PCNA positive cell nuclei. EGF appears to have a significant association with proliferative ability in thyroid diseases.

We recently devised a new technique for endonasal surgery, which simplifies maxillary antrotomy and ethmoidectomy, and dilates the middle nasal meatus widely enough to allow easier postoperative observation. Surgery is initiated by an incision similar to the one used for submucosal resection of the inferior turbinate. The bony inferior turbinate is resected, and the nasolacrimal duct is freed from the bone. Subsequently, the maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses are excenterated, with swinging of the membranaceous inferior turbinate and the nasolacrimal duct. Postoperative observation confirmed satisfactory results.

A 51-year-old female with pleomorphic ademoma occupying the parapharyngeal space and deep lobe of the parotid gland is reported. A skin incision was made from the infraaural to the submandibular region. Thorough removal of the tumor was accomplished through this skin incision after cutting of the stylomandibular ligament. Intraaural incision was not necessary. This approach is recommended for the removal of dumb-bell type tumors of the parotid gland.

Thyroid cells from 14 normal subjects, two patients with Grave's disease, four patients with follicular adenoma and eight patients with papillary carcinoma were cultured in collagen gel. The colonies of these cells were stereoscopically observed and their morphological characteristics were studied with regard to relation with pathological findings of mother tumor, extra-capsular invasion and metastatic potential. For normal thyroid, Grave's disease and follicular adenoma (except for one case), their own characteristic branching type colonies were found. For papillary carcinoma, both branching type and spheroid type of colonies were observed.The ratio of branching type/spheroid type varied individually in the patients with papillary carcinoma. However, the spheroid type was found to trend to be predominant in patients with extra-capsular invasion and/or lymph node metastasis. This means that the observation of spheroid type colonies in collagen gel is suggestive of risk of extra-capsular invasion or lymph node metastasis.From the obtained results, it seemed possible to diagnose poorly-differentiated cells in vitro by morphologically observing colonies of human thyroid papillary carcinoma cells developing in collagen gel.

A 21-year-old female had chondroblastoma arising from the left temporal bone. Although 32 cases of temporal chondroblastoma have been reported, this is the first patient who had facial palsy as the initial symptom. The tumor extended to the dura, so the patient was treated with wide local excision through a combined extended transmastoid and middle cranial fossa approach. The bone defect was found in the horizontal to geniculate ganglia of the facial canal where it compressed the facial nerve. Removal of the tumor cured the facial palsy. This disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of facial palsy.

This paper presents a 46-year-old man with osteomyelitis of the temporal and parietal bones. The disease had been managed by administration of antibiotics and drainage of mastoid purulency at a hospital but the inflammation had spread to the skull.Broad exenteration of necrotic bone resulted in healing of the lesions. The disease seems to have been caused by inadequate administration of antibiotics and infection with resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Human thyroid papillary carcinoma cells (surgical materials) were cultured in a monolayer or a collagen gel system. In the monolayer culture, degeneration and necrosis of cancer cells were observed after 10 days of culture. In the collagen gel culture, degenerative necrosis were observed 14 days culture. In histopathological observation monolayer cells proliferated in pavement-like form without forming any colony. On the contrary, collagen gel culture cells formed branching-type colonies and spheroid-type colonies. Those results suggested that papillary carcinoma cells can be cultured more like in vivo in collagen gel culture than monolayer culture.

Formation of an intratracheal granuloma is one of the sequelae in tracheotomy. We reported a man of intratracheal granuloma. The patient underwent an emergency tracheotomy in another hospital to secure his air way for unconsciousness caused by the traffic accident. Six weeks later, his tracheostoma was closed. After the closure of the tracheostoma, shortness of breath increased gradually. After six months, as his dyspnea became severe, he visited our hospital urgently. We removed the intratracheal granuloma through the new tracheostoma which was made by us. We cited a few factors as the cause of the intratracheal granuloma, that is, infection around the tracheostoma, mechanical irritation of the cannula and unskillful technique in the tracheotomy. It is concluded that we must pay much attention to surgical managements in tracheotomy in order to avoid complications and sequelae, even though the tracheotomy is in emergency.

単耳刺激両側誘導法で測定した小脳橋角部腫瘍5例, 上咽頭腫瘍1例の聴性脳幹反応についてそれぞれのMRI所見と比較検討した。MRIはGd-DTPA造影T1強調像が最も良好なコントラスト分解能がえられ部位診断に有効であった。 健側刺激患側誘導の聴性脳幹反応所見より, IV波V波の起源が橋の上オリーブ核と関連が深いのではないかと推察した。 術前術後の健側刺激患側誘導のABR記録が波形の起源を考察する上で有用なデータを提供すると考え, 今後同側誘導だけでなく対側誘導も記録する必要を感じた。 健側刺激ABRの振幅増大も小脳橋角部腫瘍を疑う重要な所見の一つではないかと考えた。

A method for immunoassay of CRP (C-reactive protein) was developed using a piezoelectric quartz crystal. Previous immunoassays using a piezoelectric crystal have required the formation of a thin film on the crystal, to which an antibody is affixed. The occurrence of antigen-antibody reaction increases the weight attached to the crystal surface, which causes a reduction in the oscillation frequency. In our method, the frequency reduction was observed using antibody-bearing latex without any film. One possible mechanism of the frequency change is that the crystal acts as a sensing apparatus for viscosity or density change in the solution due to aggregation of latex particles. The detection limit was almost the same as that for latex photometric immunoassay (LPIA). The present method has been designated as latex piezoelectric immunoassay (LPEIA).

Tympanostomy tubes were inserted in 76 ears under general anesthesia in our clinic between the beginning of 1984 and the end of 1987. After 6 months and 9 months, hearing was tested in two groups of patients: those with tympanostomy tubes for 3 months or longer and those with tubes present for less than 3 months. Hearing improvement was greater in the former than in the latter group. Otorrhea was observed in 11 ears (14%) while the tympanostomy tubes were in place. Cultures of the discharge suggested that the middle ear is more frequently infected through the Eustachian tube than through the external acoustic meatus. OME recurred in 26% after tympanostomy tubes were inserted, but in none of the ears with tympanostomy tubes for 12 months or longer.

A new method for assessing the selected hearing aids was developed and applied 53 patients with hearing impairment. Our previous paper showed that the average confusion distance which was introduced in this method was useful for estimating the hearing aids. We carried out a follow-up survey in order to measure the usefulness of this method after 3 or 4 years practical hearing aid use. There were 34 patients out of 53 from whom we could obtain adequate information about their hearing aids. They were asked to rate their satisfaction with the recommended instrument in five degrees. Fifteen of the 34 patients who had purchased the recommended hearing aid rated it very satisfactory; four rated the aid satisfactory; eight rated the aid helpful; six rated the aid sometimes helpful; and one rated the aid unsatisfactory. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the change in the speech discrimination score with and without a hearing aid and the user's evaluation was 0.34. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the change in the average confusion distance and user's evaluation was 0.41. The value 0.34 is not significant, but the value 0.41 is significant at the 1% level of significance. Therefore, we think that the average confusion distance should be taken into consideration as well as the speech discrimination score at least for predicting successful hearing aid use. Finally we feel that there is need for the inclusive system which is able to estimate both the speech mediated communication ability and user's satisfaction.

1955年にRainvilleが発表した骨導雑音法は, 被検査耳のみを用いるため対側の聴力低下が問題とならない。 また, 現在広く用いられている骨導聴力検査法で行われているように, プラトーを求めたり, 計算でマスキングレベルを求めたりする必要がない。 我々は検査手順をより簡便にし, 測定範囲を広くするため, 骨導雑音法原法に工夫を加え, 新しい変法を考案した。 本法と原法の異なる点は, 以下の3点である。 (1) 骨導雑音には, ホワイトノイズではなく, 実効マスキングレベルで較正されたバンドノイズを用いる。 (2) 気導音聴取用には, 耳載せイヤホンではなく, 挿入イヤホンを用いる。 (3) 骨導雑音で遮蔽する気導音のレベルは, 域値ではなく (域値+n) dBとする。 今回は, 本法を臨床応用するにあたり必要と思われる3種の基礎的実験を行い, 臨床応用に際し留意すべき点について確認した。

Stenosis of the tracheostoma after laryngectomy is a potentially serious condition. We performed revision surgery of the tracheostomal stenosis after laryngectomy for 10 patients in our clinic between May 1975 and March 1988. Ten patients consisted of 9 males and 1 female with ages ranged from 56 to 74 years. We classified our cases into three types; vertical slit type, concentric type and inferior shelf type. A vertical slit type of stenosis occurred in 9 cases and a concentric type of stenosis in one. We speculated that tracheostomal stenosis was created by an excessive scar tissue formed after postoperative infection, excessive skin around the stoma and supportless tracheal ring. There was one patient who had undergone preoperative radiotherapy. Finally, we reviewed several reconstruction methods of the stenosed tracheostoma and presented our own methods. We recommend a surgical revision for tracheostomal stenosis after laryngectomy when it occurred unfortunately.

The relationship between speech discrimination ability and the location of organic lesions was investigated for hearing impaired patients based on a newly proposed index. This index represents the degree of abnormality in the speech discrimination ability of a patient which cannot be accounted for by his damaged pure tone sensitivity. It was shown that this index is useful for predicting the source of a patient's difficulty in speech perception, and is clinically useful for estimating the locus of lesion for patients with hearing impairments.

A new hearing aid evaluation method using variable-speech-rate audiometry (VSRA) was developed. VSRA was newly created based on the Japanese speech audiometry authorized by the Japan Audiological Society. The ordinary speech audiometry can not reveal a temporal factor in word discrimination ability of the hearing impaired. Since, with VSRA, we can compare several performance-intensity curves obtained from different speech-rate speech audiometries, the impact on the auditory system of each patient by the fast or slow speech rate could be easily determined. Taking the temporal factor of the auditory systems into consideration by using VSRA, hearing aid evaluation was performed for a master hearing aid with three types of signal processing and fitting for 36 hearing impaired subjects. Then hearing aid evaluation was performed using VSRA for a newly developed portable multi-function digital hearing aid with two types of signal processing and analog hearing aids which had been used by hearing-impaired patients. As a result, VSRA was useful for hearing aid evaluation, in particular, for cases when ordinary normal speech rate audiometry does not provide a significant difference in word discrimination scores. In addition, using VSRA revealed that amplitude compression is more effective for improvement of word discrimination than linear amplification.

We have developed a piezoelectric immunosensor for the detection of microalbumin. Human serum albumin (HSA) in the range 0.1-100 micrograms mL-1 could be detected using a flow cell; the immunosensor is sensitive enough to monitor levels of albuminuria. The immunosensor did not respond to bovine serum albumin, only to HSA, implying that the specificity for HSA was high. We investigated the relationship between the frequency change (delta F) and adsorption per unit area of piezoelectrically active quartz crystal (delta M). delta M was estimated with radioisotope-labeled anti-HSA or HSA. When anti-HSA was adsorbed onto the surface of the crystal or HSA was bound to anti-HSA supported by the crystal, values of magnitude of delta F/delta M were larger than the value predicted from theory (Sauerbrey's equation). Furthermore, magnitude of delta F/delta M for HSA was larger than that for anti-HSA.