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Consumers prefer products which use natural ingredients rather than biotechnically developed ones. Consumer habits are greatly influenced by a company's ethical policies. Products using artificial ingredients must be substituted with natural ones to cater to the demand, despite the assurance that biotechnically derived foods are safe. Ingredients such as fat, sugar, sweeteners, fibers, proteins, preservatives and colorants must be replaced with natural ingredients to give products the green label of safety.

Concussions in contact sports are challenging for athletes, health professionals and sporting bodies to prevent, detect and manage. Design of interventions for primary prevention, early recognition of concussion and continuing to improve postconcussion management are essential for protecting athletes and promoting brain health. Over the last decade, there have been advancements in video technology for analysing head impact events and improvements in the clinical management of concussions. This study protocol describes how researchers, clinicians and staff from the Australasian National Rugby League (NRL) have brought these advancements together and developed a database of videos with head impact events and clinical outcomes. The intended outputs from this work will enhance the understanding of head impact events in NRL, from biomechanical and gameplay factors to concussion and return to play outcomes. Publishing this protocol increases the transparency of this large-scale effort to better identify head impacts and their relationship to concussions and player movement behaviour to contextualise these variables to generate new knowledge and support the reproducibility of these emerging findings. Between 2017 and 2023, over 5250 head contact cases were recorded in the database, from which >1700 head injury assessments were performed, and >600 concussions were diagnosed. Future studies using these data are planned to inform both primary and secondary injury prevention initiatives, such as risk analysis and prediction of game scenarios that result in concussion, as well as investigation of features and factors that help to inform the duration of recovery and return to play., Competing Interests: AG has a clinical practice in neuropsychology involving individuals who have sustained sport-related concussion (including current and former athletes). He has been a contracted concussion consultant to Rugby Australia. He is a member of the World Rugby Concussion Working Group, and a member of the Australian Football League Concussion Scientific Advisory Committee. He has received travel funding or been reimbursed by professional sporting bodies, and commercial organisations for discussing or presenting sport-related concussion research at meetings, scientific conferences, workshops and symposiums. Previous grant funding includes the NSW Sporting Injuries Committee, the Brain Foundation (Australia), an Australian-American Fulbright Commission Postdoctoral Award, a Hunter New England Local Health District, Research, Innovation and Partnerships Health Research & Translation Centre and Clinical Research Fellowship Scheme and the Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), supported by Jennie Thomas, and the HMRI, supported by Anne Greaves. He is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Investigator Grant. He acknowledges unrestricted philanthropic support from the Tooth Foundation, and the National Rugby League (NRL) for research in retired professional rugby league players. GI has been reimbursed by the government, professional scientific bodies and commercial organisations for discussing or presenting research related to mild traumatic brain injury and sport-related concussion at meetings, scientific conferences and symposiums. He has a clinical and consulting practice in forensic neuropsychology, including expert testimony, involving individuals who have sustained mild TBIs (including athletes). He has received research funding from several test publishing companies, including ImPACT Applications, CNS Vital Signs and Psychological Assessment Resources (PAR). He has received research funding from the National Football League. He has also received research funding from the Harvard Integrated Programme to Protect and Improve the Health of National Football League Players Association Members. He acknowledges unrestricted philanthropic support from ImPACT Applications, the Mooney-Reed Charitable Foundation, NRL, Boston Bolts, Heinz Family Foundation and Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation. PB was the past NRL chief medical officer (2015–2021) and initiated and developed the NRL injury surveillance bunker and NRL concussion rules. He is a past club medical officer (2000–2013) and current club medical officer with the Manly Sea Eagles NRL club. He also provides medical consultancy support to the Rugby League Players Association. SF is the NRL chief medical officer. JB has received research funding from World Rugby, the international governing body of rugby union. In addition, JB has received salary contributions and the coverage of travel costs from World Rugby. SE is an accredited sport scientist (ASpS2) and leads a tackle re-education programme that is partially funded by a NHMRC Ideas 2021 grant (202718). GF has previously received funding from World Rugby to attend research meetings and was a previous member of the Concussion in Sport expert panel. MG has received a Sports and Wellbeing Analytics/Cellbond Impact Solutions/Royal Academy of Engineering Senior Research Fellowship. PJ has no disclosures/conflicts of interest. BJ has secured research funding from World Rugby, Rugby Football Union, Scottish Rugby, Premiership Rugby, Rugby Football League, Catapult Sports, Prevent Biometrics, HitIQ, Leeds Rhinos Rugby League, Yorkshire Carnegie Rugby Union, Bath Rugby, Wasps Rugby. BJ is employed in a consultancy capacity by the Rugby Football League, and Premiership Rugby as their research lead. CRL serves as an honorary consultant neurologist to the NRL, providing a pro bono second opinion to current players regarding concussion assessment and management for the player’s club doctor. WMcD is Rugby Australia’s chief medical officer. SMcL has no disclosures/conflicts of interest. CO has a research fellowship that is part-funded by the Rugby Football League. GP has no disclosures/conflicts of interest. KLQ has been employed by New Zealand Rugby since 2000 and currently occupies the role of Chief Scientist, New Zealand Rugby. He was a member of World Rugby’s Scientific Committee from 2013 to 2024 and has contributed to various World Rugby working groups focussed on player welfare issues from 2011 to the time of publication. He has received funding for travel and accommodation to attend World Rugby’s medical meetings. OS and PS have no disclosures/conflicts of interest. DT has a PhD research programme that is part-funded by Leeds Rhinos rugby club. He also works as a medical doctor for multiple sports teams in the UK. TT is employed as the Senior Manager for Indigenous elite pathways at the NRL. He is also employed as a researcher by the University of Sydney through a 2021 NHMRC Ideas grant. DPT serves as a scientific advisor for HitIQ. He previously consulted for REACT Neuro. He has a consulting practice in forensic neuropsychology, including expert testimony, involving individuals who have sustained mild TBIs (including former athletes). He receives funding from Amgen and Football Research. CT has no disclosures/conflicts of interest. RT is a consultant to World Rugby. World Rugby is the governing body for the sport of Rugby Union and responsible for law changes in the sport. LVF is supported through research grant funding at Edith Cowan University. She has previously received project funding from several sports, health and government agencies including: Australian Football League; Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; Australian Institute of Sport; Combat Sport Commission Western Australia; Cricket Australia; Defence Science WA; Exercise & Sports Science Australia; Injury Matters; IOC; KidSafe WA; Rugby Australia; State Government of Victoria; VicSport., (Copyright © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)