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1. Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Soy Milk Extract (LEX) on Urinary 3-Indoxyl Sulfate in Japanese Healthy Adult Women: An Open-Label Pilot Study

Author

Fukuchi M, Yasutake T, Matsumoto M, Mizuno R, Fujita K, and Sasuga Y

Subjects
lactic acid bacteria, soybean, 3-indoxyl sulfate, intestinal environment, intestinal microbiota, postbiotics, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Mina Fukuchi,1 Takanori Yasutake,2 Miho Matsumoto,2 Ryohei Mizuno,3 Koichiro Fujita,4 Yasuhiro Sasuga1 1Hachioji Center for Research & Development, B&S Corporation Co., Ltd., Hachoji-shi, Tokyo, Japan; 2Healthcare Systems Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan; 3B&S Corporation Co, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; 4Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Yasuhiro SasugaHachioji Center for Research and Development, B&S Corporation Co., Ltd., 1-31-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji-Shi, Tokyo 192-0919, JapanTel +81 42-638-8915Fax +81 42-638-8916Email y-sasuga@bandscorp.jpObjective: For the general population, the intestinal microbiota and its environment, including its metabolites, are important not only for disease prevention but also for overall quality of life. A convenient method to monitor the intestinal environment is to measure levels of urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate (3-IS). This approach has been used for several years. This study aims to clarify the efficacy of a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) dietary supplement combined with multi-strain LAB-fermented soy milk (LEX) extract in healthy, adult women with high urinary 3-IS levels.Materials and Methods: Japanese women aged 30– 50 years with high urinary 3-IS levels and a tendency toward constipation were enrolled in this study. Each of them received 10 mL of a LEX-containing dietary supplement daily for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was changes in urinary 3-IS levels, and the secondary ones included the amount of defecation and more subjective symptoms of their physical condition, such as the Constipation Assessment Scale (CAS).Results: Thirty participants were enrolled, and all completed the study. Every participant showed a statistically significant improvement in their level of urinary 3-IS after ingesting the test article for 4 weeks. Any changes in urinary 3-IS also showed a high correlation to initial 3-IS levels. Moreover, CAS scores and other subjective symptoms improved after ingestion of the LEX-containing dietary supplement. The level of urinary 3-IS showed a modest degree of correlation with the score of overall physical condition, including CAS (Pearson’s r = 0.21; p < 0.05).Conclusion: These findings suggest that orally ingested LEX improves urinary 3-IS levels as an index of the health of the intestinal environment and that monitoring urinary 3-IS levels is effective in assessing changes in the intestinal environment and overall physical condition.Keywords: lactic acid bacteria, soybean, 3-indoxyl sulfate, intestinal environment, intestinal microbiota, postbiotics

Published
2020

5. Clinical impacts of additive use of olmesartan in hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure: the supplemental benefit of an angiotensin receptor blocker in hypertensive patients with stable heart failure using olmesartan (SUPPORT) trial

Author

Sakata, Yasuhiko, Shiba, Nobuyuki, Takahashi, Jun, Miyata, Satoshi, Nochioka, Kotaro, Miura, Masanobu, Takada, Tsuyoshi, Saga, Chiharu, Shinozaki, Tsuyoshi, Sugi, Masafumi, Nakagawa, Makoto, Sekiguchi, Nobuyo, Komaru, Tatsuya, Kato, Atsushi, Fukuchi, Mitsumasa, Nozaki, Eiji, Hiramoto, Tetsuya, Inoue, Kanichi, Goto, Toshikazu, Ohe, Masatoshi, Tamaki, Kenji, Ibayashi, Setsuro, Ishide, Nobumasa, Maruyama, Yukio, Tsuji, Ichiro, Shimokawa, Hiroaki, Shimokawa, H., Fukuchi, M., Goto, T., Hiramoto, T., Inoue, K., Kato, A., Komaru, T., Ohe, M., Sekiguchi, N., Shiba, N., Shinozaki, T., Sugi, M., Tamaki, K., Hiramoto, T., Inoue, K., Kato, A., Ogata, M., Sato, S., Sugi, M., Ishide, N., Ibayashi, S., Maruyama, Y., Ohno, I., Tamaki, K., Ogawa, H., Kitakaze, M., Tsuji, I., Watanabe, T., Sugiyama, K., Oyama, S., Nozaki, E., Nakamura, A., Takahashi, T., Endo, H., Fukui, S., Nakajima, S., Nakagawa, M., Nozaki, T., Yagi, T., Horiguchi, S., Fushimi, E., Sugai, Y., Takeda, S., Fukahori, K., Aizawa, K., Ohe, M., Tashima, T., Sakurai, K., Kobayashi, T., Goto, T., Matsui, M., Tamada, Y., Yahagi, T., Fukui, A., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, K., Kikuchi, Y., Akai, K., Kanno, H., Kaneko, J., Suzuki, S., Takahashi, K., Akai, K., Katayose, D., Onodera, S., Hiramoto, T., Komatsu, S., Chida, M., Iwabuchi, K., Takeuchi, M., Yahagi, H., Takahashi, N., Otsuka, K., Koseki, Y., Morita, M., Shinozaki, T., Ishizuka, T., Onoue, N., Yamaguchi, N., Fujita, H., Katoh, A., Namiuchi, S., Sugie, T., Saji, K., Takii, T., Sugimura, A., Ohashi, J., Fukuchi, M., Ogata, M., Tanikawa, T., Kitamukai, O., Matsumoto, Y., Inoue, K., Koyama, J., Tomioka, T., Shioiri, H., Ito, Y., Kato, H., Takahashi, C., Kawana, A., Sakata, Y., Ito, K., Nakayama, M., Fukuda, K., Takahashi, J., Miyata, S., Sugimura, K., Sato, K., Matsumoto, Y., Nakano, M., Shiroto, T., Tsuburaya, R., Nochioka, K., Yamamoto, H., Aoki, T., Hao, K., Miura, M., Kondo, M., Tatebe, S., Yamamoto, S., Suzuki, H., Nishimiya, K., Yaoita, N., Sugi, M., Yamamoto, Y., Toda, S., Minatoya, Y., Takagi, Y., Hasebe, Y., Nihei, T., Hanawa, K., Fukuda, K., Sakata, Y., Takahashi, J., Miyata, S., Nochioka, K., Miura, M., Tadaki, S., Ushigome, R., Yamauchi, T., Sato, K., Tsuji, K., Onose, T., Abe, R., Saga, C., Suenaga, J., Yamada, Y., Kimura, J., Ogino, H., Oikawa, I., Watanabe, S., Saga, M., Washio, M., Nagasawa, K., Nagasawa, S., Kotaka, S., Komatsu, W., Hashimoto, R., Ikeno, Y., Suzuki, T., and Hamada, H.

Published
2015
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6. The comparison of real gas and ideal gas models for compressor design

Author

Klesa, J., Fukuchi, M., Adámek, Vítězslav, Jonášová, Alena, Plánička, Stanislav, and Zajíček, Martin

Subjects
real gas, KOBRA, skutečný plyn, compressor, model ideálního plynu, ideal gas model, kompresor
Abstract

project TK03030121 Conceptual Design of an Innovative Safety System for Gas-cooled Nuclear Reactors

Published
2022

14. Super-long Anabiosis of Ancient Microorganisms in Ice and Terrestrial Models for Development of Methods to Search for Life on Mars, Europa and other Planetary Bodies

Author

Abyzov, S. S, Duxbury, N. S, Bobin, N. E, Fukuchi, M, Hoover, R. B, Kanda, H, Mitskevich, I. N, Mulyukin, A. L, Naganuma, T, Poglazova, M. N, and Ivanov, M. V

Subjects
Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

Successful missions to Mars, Europe and other bodies of the Solar system have created a prerequisite to search for extraterrestrial life. The first attempts of microbial life detection on the Martian surface by the Viking landed missions gave no biological results. Microbiological investigations of the Martian subsurface ground ice layers seem to be more promising. It is well substantiated to consider the Antarctic ice sheet and the Antarctic and Arctic permafrost as terrestrial analogues of Martian habitats. The results of our long-standing microbiological studies of the Antarctic ice would provide the basis for detection of viable microbial cells on Mars. Our microbiological investigations of the deepest and thus most ancient strata of the Antarctic ice sheet for the first time gave evidence for the natural phenomenon of long-term anabiosis (preservation of viability and vitality for millennia years). A combination of classical microbiological methods, epifluorescence microscopy, SEM, TEM, molecular diagnostics, radioisotope labeling and other techniques made it possible for us to obtain convincing proof of the presence of pro- and eukaryotes in the Antarctic ice sheet. In this communication, we will review and discuss some critical issues related to the detection of viable microorganisms in cold terrestrial environments with regard to future searches for microbial life and/or its biological signatures on extraterrestrial objects.

Published
2007

27. Activation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene transcription induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its selective inhibition through Ca2+ signals evoked via the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor

Author

Fukuchi, M., Fujii, H., Takachi, H., Ichinose, Hiroshi, Kuwana, Y., Tabuchi, A., and Tsuda, M.

Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway, Time Factors, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Tropomyosin receptor kinase B, Biology, Transfection, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Potassium Chloride, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Nicardipine, Neurotrophic factors, Transcriptional regulation, Animals, Calcium Signaling, RNA, Messenger, Enzyme Inhibitors, Phosphorylation, N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Proteins, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Reporter gene, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Tyrosine hydroxylase, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, General Neuroscience, Promoter, Calcium Channel Blockers, Embryo, Mammalian, Molecular biology, Rats, Gene Expression Regulation, nervous system, Mutation, Neurology (clinical), Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Signal Transduction, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamine but its transcriptional regulation is not fully understood. Using a reporter assay with cultured rat cortical neurons, we demonstrated that the TH gene promoter was activated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), through its specific receptor TrkB and the ERK/MAP kinase pathway. Using a series of mutant TH gene promoters, we found that the cAMP-response element (CRE) plays a crucial role in the TH promoter activity and the Egr-1-responsive element (ERE), at least in part, is responsible for the BDNF-induced activation. Notably, the influx of Ca(2+) evoked via the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) but not via the L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel (L-VDCC) selectively antagonized the activation of the gene promoter, suggesting a new link between the catecholaminergic and glutamatergic systems. The Ca(2+) signals evoked via NMDA-R did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by BDNF. These results suggest that the TH gene's transcription is positively regulated by BDNF, through the CRE and ERE of the promoter, but selectively antagonized by the Ca(2+) signals evoked via NMDA-R without disturbing the ERK/MAP kinase pathway, the regulation by which may underlie the development of the catecholaminergic system in the brain.

Published
2010
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28. Endocytoscopic Observation for Esophageal Lesions

Author

Kumagai, Y., primary, Takubo, K., additional, Kawada, K., additional, Amano, K., additional, Sobajima, J., additional, Ishiguro, T., additional, Hatano, S., additional, Itoh, T., additional, Fukuchi, M., additional, Ishibashi, K., additional, Mochiki, E., additional, and Ishida, H., additional

Published
2017
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31. Enhancement effect of O6-Fluorobenzylguanines on chloroethylnitrosourea cytotoxicity in tumor cells

Author

Masayoshi Kowada, Kohfuku Kohda, Fukuchi M, Katsuyoshi Mineura, Isamu Terashima, and Kenichi Hitomi

Subjects
Guanine, Methyltransferase, Hydrochloride, Stereochemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Drug Synergism, Methyltransferases, General Medicine, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Ethylnitrosourea, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Benzyl group, Humans, Moiety, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Cytotoxicity, neoplasms, Cell Division, DNA, HeLa Cells, Cysteine
Abstract

O 6 -Alkylguanine derivatives sensitize tumor cells to chloroethylnitrosourea (CENU) chemotherapy by inactivation of O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which repairs CENU-induced O 6 -alkylguanines in DNA by accepting the alkyl group at a cysteine moiety. To test the biological significance of synthesized O 6 -fluorobenzylguanine derivatives, we measured their ability of inactivation of MGMT activity and their effects on the cytotoxicity of 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) in comparison with the effects of O 6 -benzylguanine and O 6 -phenylguanine. The O 6 -(4-and 3-fluorobenzyl)guanines considerably reduced the MGMT activity of HeLa S3 cell-free extract as did O 6 -benzylguanine. In contrast, O 6 -(2-fluorobenzyl)guanine and O 6 -phenylguanine had less of an effect on the activity. Two-hour pretreatment of O 6 -(4-and 3-fluorobenzyl)guanines potentiated ACNU cytotoxicity in HeLa S3 cells to a greater extent than did O 6 -(2-fluorobenzyl)guanine and O 6 -phenylguanine. The enhancement effects were consistent with the depletion of MGMT activity after the pretreatment of O 6 -fluorobenzylguanine derivatives. O 6 -Fluorobenzylguanines with a fluoro-substitution at the 4- or 3-position of the benzyl group were comparable to O 6 -benzylguanine and were powerful MGMT inactivators. The chemical features of the O 6 -benzyl group are a biologically important determinant in the reaction evolution with MGMT.

Published
1996
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32. Differential inactivation ofO6-methylguanine-dna methyltransferase activity byO6-arylmethylguanines

Author

Fukuchi M, Katsuyoshi Mineura, Masayoshi Kowada, Kohfuku Kohda, and Isamu Terashima

Subjects
Cancer Research, Guanine, Methyltransferase, Hydrochloride, Stereochemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, In Vitro Techniques, O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Humans, Enzyme Inhibitors, Cytotoxicity, neoplasms, chemistry.chemical_classification, Drug Synergism, Methyltransferases, digestive system diseases, In vitro, Nimustine, Enzyme, Oncology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Benzyl group, DNA, HeLa Cells, Cysteine
Abstract

Activity of O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is well related with drug resistance of tumor cells to chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs), because MGMT removes CENU-induced O 6 -alkylguanines in DNA by accepting the alkyl group at a cysteine moiety. Inactivation of MGMT is a feasible way to overcome MGMT-related resistance of tumor cells to CENUs. O 6 -Benzylguanine is known to be a strong depleter of MGMT. We previously reported the potentiation effect of O 6 -arylmethylguanine derivatives on cytotoxicity of 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU), a CENU, for HeLa S3 cells. In this study, we tested the activity of these O 6 -arylmethylguanine derivatives as depleters of MGMT using HeLa S3 cell-free extract. The O 6 -arylmethylguanine derivatives tested were O 6 -benzylguanine (1), O 6 -(4-, 3-, and 2-fluorobenzyl)guanines (2-4), O 6 -(4, 3-, and 2-trifluoromethylbenzyl)guanines (5-7), O 6 -(4-, 3-, and 2-pyridylmethyl)guanines (8-10), and O 6 -(2- and 1-naphtylmethyl)guanines (11,12). Among these, compounds 1-3, 5, 8, 9 and II showed a strong MGMT depletion activity, whereas compounds 4, 6, 7, 10 and 12 were inactive. These inactive compounds, except for 6, have a substituent at the α position of the benzyl group (4, 7, 12) or are an α nitrogen analogue of 1 (10). There was a good relation (r = -0.856, p < 0.001) between the MGMT depletion activity of O 6 -arylmethylguanine derivatives and their potentiation activity of ACNU cytotoxicity. These results suggest that the α position of the benzyl group plays an important role in the interaction of O 6 -arylmethylguanine derivatives with MGMT to result in the inactivation of MGMT. Potent MGMT inactivators (1-3, 5, 8, 9, 11) sensitize tumor cells to CENU chemotherapy.

Published
1995
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34. A roadmap for Antarctic and Southern Ocean science for the next two decades and beyond

Author

Kennicutt, M.C., Chown, S.L., Cassano, J.J., Liggett, D., Peck, L.S., Massom, R., Rintoul, S.R., Storey, J., Vaughan, D.G., Wilson, T.J., Allison, I., Ayton, J., Badhe, R., Baeseman, J., Barrett, P.J., Bell, R.E., Bertler, N., Bo, S., Brandt, A., Bromwich, D., Cary, S.C., Clark, M.S., Convey, P., Costa, E.S., Cowan, D., Deconto, R., Dunbar, R., Elfring, C., Escutia, C., Francis, J., Fricker, H.A., Fukuchi, M., Gilbert, N., Gutt, J., Havermans, C., Hik, D., Hosie, G., Jones, C., Kim, Y.D., Le Maho, Y., Lee, S.H., Leppe, M., Leitchenkov, G., Li, X., Lipenkov, V., Lochte, K., López-Martínez, J., Lüdecke, C., Lyons, W., Marenssi, S., Miller, H., Morozova, P., Naish, T., Nayak, S., Ravindra, R., Retamales, J., Ricci, C.A., Rogan-Finnemore, M., Ropert-Coudert, Y., Samah, A.A., Sanson, L., Scambos, T., Schloss, I.R., Shiraishi, K., Siegert, M.J., Simões, J.C., Storey, B., Sparrow, M.D., Wall, D.H., Walsh, J.C., Wilson, G., Winther, J.G., Xavier, J.C., Yang, H., Sutherland, W.J., Kennicutt, M.C., Chown, S.L., Cassano, J.J., Liggett, D., Peck, L.S., Massom, R., Rintoul, S.R., Storey, J., Vaughan, D.G., Wilson, T.J., Allison, I., Ayton, J., Badhe, R., Baeseman, J., Barrett, P.J., Bell, R.E., Bertler, N., Bo, S., Brandt, A., Bromwich, D., Cary, S.C., Clark, M.S., Convey, P., Costa, E.S., Cowan, D., Deconto, R., Dunbar, R., Elfring, C., Escutia, C., Francis, J., Fricker, H.A., Fukuchi, M., Gilbert, N., Gutt, J., Havermans, C., Hik, D., Hosie, G., Jones, C., Kim, Y.D., Le Maho, Y., Lee, S.H., Leppe, M., Leitchenkov, G., Li, X., Lipenkov, V., Lochte, K., López-Martínez, J., Lüdecke, C., Lyons, W., Marenssi, S., Miller, H., Morozova, P., Naish, T., Nayak, S., Ravindra, R., Retamales, J., Ricci, C.A., Rogan-Finnemore, M., Ropert-Coudert, Y., Samah, A.A., Sanson, L., Scambos, T., Schloss, I.R., Shiraishi, K., Siegert, M.J., Simões, J.C., Storey, B., Sparrow, M.D., Wall, D.H., Walsh, J.C., Wilson, G., Winther, J.G., Xavier, J.C., Yang, H., and Sutherland, W.J.

Abstract

Antarctic and Southern Ocean science is vital to understanding natural variability, the processes that govern global change and the role of humans in the Earth and climate system. The potential for new knowledge to be gained from future Antarctic science is substantial. Therefore, the international Antarctic community came together to ‘scan the horizon’ to identify the highest priority scientific questions that researchers should aspire to answer in the next two decades and beyond. Wide consultation was a fundamental principle for the development of a collective, international view of the most important future directions in Antarctic science. From the many possibilities, the horizon scan identified 80 key scientific questions through structured debate, discussion, revision and voting. Questions were clustered into seven topics: i) Antarctic atmosphere and global connections, ii) Southern Ocean and sea ice in a warming world, iii) ice sheet and sea level, iv) the dynamic Earth, v) life on the precipice, vi) near-Earth space and beyond, and vii) human presence in Antarctica. Answering the questions identified by the horizon scan will require innovative experimental designs, novel applications of technology, invention of next-generation field and laboratory approaches, and expanded observing systems and networks. Unbiased, non-contaminating procedures will be required to retrieve the requisite air, biota, sediment, rock, ice and water samples. Sustained year-round access to Antarctica and the Southern Ocean will be essential to increase winter-time measurements. Improved models are needed that represent Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the Earth System, and provide predictions at spatial and temporal resolutions useful for decision making. A co-ordinated portfolio of cross-disciplinary science, based on new models of international collaboration, will be essential as no scientist, programme or nation can realize these aspirations alone.

Published
2015

35. Neuromodulatory Effect of G s- or G q-Coupled G-Protein-Coupled Receptor on NMDA Receptor Selectively Activates the NMDA Receptor/Ca2+/Calcineurin/cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein-Regulated Transcriptional Coactivator 1 Pathway to Effectively Induce Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Neurons

Author

Fukuchi, M., primary, Tabuchi, A., additional, Kuwana, Y., additional, Watanabe, S., additional, Inoue, M., additional, Takasaki, I., additional, Izumi, H., additional, Tanaka, A., additional, Inoue, R., additional, Mori, H., additional, Komatsu, H., additional, Takemori, H., additional, Okuno, H., additional, Bito, H., additional, and Tsuda, M., additional

Published
2015
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36. Intestinal epithelial culture under an air-liquid interface: a tool for studying human and mouse esophagi

Author

Yokobori, T., primary, Suzuki, S., additional, Miyazaki, T., additional, Sohda, M., additional, Sakai, M., additional, Tanaka, N., additional, Ozawa, D., additional, Hara, K., additional, Honjo, H., additional, Altan, B., additional, Fukuchi, M., additional, Ishii, H., additional, Iwatsuki, M., additional, Sugimachi, K., additional, Sudo, T., additional, Iwaya, T., additional, Nishida, N., additional, Mimori, K., additional, Kuwano, H., additional, and Mori, M., additional

Published
2015
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37. A roadmap for Antarctic and Southern Ocean science for the next two decades and beyond

Author

Kennicutt II, M.C., Chown, S.L., Cassano, J.J., Liggett, D., Peck, L.S., Massom, R., Rintoul, S.R., Storey, J., Vaughan, D.G., Wilson, T.J., Allison, I., Ayton, J., Badhe, R., Baesemann, J., Barrett, P.J., Bell, R.E., Bertler, N., Bo, S., Brandt, A., Bromwich, D., Cary, S.C., Clark, M.S., Convey, P., Costa, E.S., Cowan, D., DeConto, R., Dunbar, R., Elfring, C., Escutia, C., Francis, J., Fricker, H.A., Fukuchi, M., Gilbert, N., Gutt, J., Havermans, C., Hik, D., Hosie, G., Jones, C., Kim, Y.D., Le Maho, Y., Lee, S.H., Leppe, M., Leitchenkov, G., Li, X., Lipenkov, V., Lochte, K., López-Martínez, J., Lüdecke, C., Lyons, W., Marenssi, S, Miller, H., Morozova, P., Naish, T., Nayak, S., Ravindra, R., Retamales, J., Ricci, C.A., Rogan-Finnemore, M., Ropert-Coudert, Y., Samah, A.A., Sanson, L., Scambos, T., Schloss, I.R., Shiraishi, K., Siegert, M.J., Simões, J.C., Storey, B., Sparrow, M.D., Wall, D.H., Walsh, J.C., Wilson, G., Winther, J.G., Xavier, J.C., Yang, H., Sutherland, W.J., Kennicutt II, M.C., Chown, S.L., Cassano, J.J., Liggett, D., Peck, L.S., Massom, R., Rintoul, S.R., Storey, J., Vaughan, D.G., Wilson, T.J., Allison, I., Ayton, J., Badhe, R., Baesemann, J., Barrett, P.J., Bell, R.E., Bertler, N., Bo, S., Brandt, A., Bromwich, D., Cary, S.C., Clark, M.S., Convey, P., Costa, E.S., Cowan, D., DeConto, R., Dunbar, R., Elfring, C., Escutia, C., Francis, J., Fricker, H.A., Fukuchi, M., Gilbert, N., Gutt, J., Havermans, C., Hik, D., Hosie, G., Jones, C., Kim, Y.D., Le Maho, Y., Lee, S.H., Leppe, M., Leitchenkov, G., Li, X., Lipenkov, V., Lochte, K., López-Martínez, J., Lüdecke, C., Lyons, W., Marenssi, S, Miller, H., Morozova, P., Naish, T., Nayak, S., Ravindra, R., Retamales, J., Ricci, C.A., Rogan-Finnemore, M., Ropert-Coudert, Y., Samah, A.A., Sanson, L., Scambos, T., Schloss, I.R., Shiraishi, K., Siegert, M.J., Simões, J.C., Storey, B., Sparrow, M.D., Wall, D.H., Walsh, J.C., Wilson, G., Winther, J.G., Xavier, J.C., Yang, H., and Sutherland, W.J.

Abstract

Antarctic and Southern Ocean science is vital to understanding natural variability, the processes that govern global change and the role of humans in the Earth and climate system. The potential for new knowledge to be gained from future Antarctic science is substantial. Therefore, the international Antarctic community came together to ‘scan the horizon’ to identify the highest priority scientific questions that researchers should aspire to answer in the next two decades and beyond. Wide consultation was a fundamental principle for the development of a collective, international view of the most important future directions in Antarctic science. From the many possibilities, the horizon scan identified 80 key scientific questions through structured debate, discussion, revision and voting. Questions were clustered into seven topics: i)Antarctic atmosphere and global connections, ii) Southern Ocean and sea ice in a warming world, iii) ice sheet and sea level, iv) the dynamic Earth, v) life on the precipice, vi) near-Earth space and beyond, and vii) human presence in Antarctica. Answering the questions identified by the horizon scan will require innovative experimental designs, novel applications of technology, invention of next-generation field and laboratory approaches, and expanded observing systems and networks. Unbiased, non-contaminating procedures will be required to retrieve the requisite air, biota, sediment, rock, ice and water samples. Sustained year-round access toAntarctica and the Southern Ocean will be essential to increase winter-time measurements. Improved models are needed that represent Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the Earth System, and provide predictions at spatial and temporal resolutions useful for decision making. A co-ordinated portfolio of cross-disciplinary science, based on new models of international collaboration, will be essential as no scientist, programme or nation can realize these aspirations alone.

Published
2014

38. Climate change and Southern Ocean ecosystems I: how changes in physical habitats directly affect marine biota

Author

Constable, Andrew J., Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica, Corney, Stuart P., Arrigo, Kevin R., Barbraud, Christophe, Barnes, David K.A., Bindoff, N.L., Boyd, P.W., Brandt, A., Costa, D.P., Davidson, A.T., Ducklow, H.W., Emmerson, L., Fukuchi, M., Gutt, Julian, Hindell, M.A., Hofmann, E.E., Hosie, G.W., Iida, T., Jacob, S., Johnston, N.M., Kawaguchi, S., Kokubun, N., Koubbi, P., Lea, M.-A., Makhado, A., Massom, R.A., Meiners, K., Meredith, M.P., Murphy, E., Nicol, S., Reid, K., Richerson, K., Riddle, M.J., Rintoul, S.R., Smith Jr, W.O., Southwell, C., Stark, J.S., Sumner, M., Swadling, K.M., Takahishi, K.T., Trathan, P.N., Welsford, D.C., Weimerskirch, H., Westwood, K.J., Wienecke, B.C., Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter, Wright, Simon W., Xavier, Jose C., Ziegler, Philippe, Constable, Andrew J., Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica, Corney, Stuart P., Arrigo, Kevin R., Barbraud, Christophe, Barnes, David K.A., Bindoff, N.L., Boyd, P.W., Brandt, A., Costa, D.P., Davidson, A.T., Ducklow, H.W., Emmerson, L., Fukuchi, M., Gutt, Julian, Hindell, M.A., Hofmann, E.E., Hosie, G.W., Iida, T., Jacob, S., Johnston, N.M., Kawaguchi, S., Kokubun, N., Koubbi, P., Lea, M.-A., Makhado, A., Massom, R.A., Meiners, K., Meredith, M.P., Murphy, E., Nicol, S., Reid, K., Richerson, K., Riddle, M.J., Rintoul, S.R., Smith Jr, W.O., Southwell, C., Stark, J.S., Sumner, M., Swadling, K.M., Takahishi, K.T., Trathan, P.N., Welsford, D.C., Weimerskirch, H., Westwood, K.J., Wienecke, B.C., Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter, Wright, Simon W., Xavier, Jose C., and Ziegler, Philippe

Published
2014

39. A roadmap for Antarctic and Southern Ocean science for the next two decades and beyond

Author

Kennicutt, M.C., primary, Chown, S.L., additional, Cassano, J.J., additional, Liggett, D., additional, Peck, L.S., additional, Massom, R., additional, Rintoul, S.R., additional, Storey, J., additional, Vaughan, D.G., additional, Wilson, T.J., additional, Allison, I., additional, Ayton, J., additional, Badhe, R., additional, Baeseman, J., additional, Barrett, P.J., additional, Bell, R.E., additional, Bertler, N., additional, Bo, S., additional, Brandt, A., additional, Bromwich, D., additional, Cary, S.C., additional, Clark, M.S., additional, Convey, P., additional, Costa, E.S., additional, Cowan, D., additional, Deconto, R., additional, Dunbar, R., additional, Elfring, C., additional, Escutia, C., additional, Francis, J., additional, Fricker, H.A., additional, Fukuchi, M., additional, Gilbert, N., additional, Gutt, J., additional, Havermans, C., additional, Hik, D., additional, Hosie, G., additional, Jones, C., additional, Kim, Y.D., additional, Le Maho, Y., additional, Lee, S.H., additional, Leppe, M., additional, Leitchenkov, G., additional, Li, X., additional, Lipenkov, V., additional, Lochte, K., additional, López-Martínez, J., additional, Lüdecke, C., additional, Lyons, W., additional, Marenssi, S., additional, Miller, H., additional, Morozova, P., additional, Naish, T., additional, Nayak, S., additional, Ravindra, R., additional, Retamales, J., additional, Ricci, C.A., additional, Rogan-Finnemore, M., additional, Ropert-Coudert, Y., additional, Samah, A.A., additional, Sanson, L., additional, Scambos, T., additional, Schloss, I.R., additional, Shiraishi, K., additional, Siegert, M.J., additional, Simões, J.C., additional, Storey, B., additional, Sparrow, M.D., additional, Wall, D.H., additional, Walsh, J.C., additional, Wilson, G., additional, Winther, J.G., additional, Xavier, J.C., additional, Yang, H., additional, and Sutherland, W.J., additional

Published
2014
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41. A global Continuous Plankton Recorder programme

Author

Hall, J., Harrison, D.E., Stammer, D., Reid, P.C., Bathman, U., Batten, S., Brainard, R.E., Burkill, P., Carlotti, François, Chiba, Sanae, Conversi, Alessandra, Dickson, R.R., Dooley, H., Edwards, Martin, Flinkman, J., Fukuchi, M., Goes, J., Greene, C.H., Hare, J.A., Hays, C.G., Head, Erica, Hood, R.R., Hosie, G., Hunt, B.P.V., John, A.W.G., Jonas, T.D., Jossie, J.W., Kim, K., Kirby, R.R., Kitchener, J., Kobayashi, D., Llope, Marcos, Lopes, R.M., MacDiarmid, Alison, McQuatters-Gollop, A., Malone, T., Matondkar, P., Pershing, A., Richardson, A., Robertson, D., Robinson, K., Sar, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E., Stammer, D., Reid, P.C., Bathman, U., Batten, S., Brainard, R.E., Burkill, P., Carlotti, François, Chiba, Sanae, Conversi, Alessandra, Dickson, R.R., Dooley, H., Edwards, Martin, Flinkman, J., Fukuchi, M., Goes, J., Greene, C.H., Hare, J.A., Hays, C.G., Head, Erica, Hood, R.R., Hosie, G., Hunt, B.P.V., John, A.W.G., Jonas, T.D., Jossie, J.W., Kim, K., Kirby, R.R., Kitchener, J., Kobayashi, D., Llope, Marcos, Lopes, R.M., MacDiarmid, Alison, McQuatters-Gollop, A., Malone, T., Matondkar, P., Pershing, A., Richardson, A., Robertson, D., Robinson, K., and Sar

Published
2010

43. Intestinal epithelial culture under an air-liquid interface: a tool for studying human and mouse esophagi.

Author

Yokobori, T., Suzuki, S., Miyazaki, T., Sohda, M., Sakai, M., Tanaka, N., Ozawa, D., Hara, K., Honjo, H., Altan, B., Fukuchi, M., Ishii, H., Iwatsuki, M., Sugimachi, K., Sudo, T., Iwaya, T., Nishida, N., Mimori, K., Kuwano, H., and Mori, M.

Subjects
ESOPHAGUS, EMBRYONIC stem cells, REGENERATIVE medicine, CARCINOGENESIS, INTESTINES, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

This study investigated whether an intestinal epithelial culture method can be applied to mouse and human esophageal cultures. The esophagi harvested from 1-day-old mice and adult humans were maintained in collagen gels. A commercially available culture medium for human embryonic stem cells was used for the human esophageal culture. We discovered that the intestinal epithelial culture method can be successfully applied to both mouse and human esophageal cultures. The long-term cultured esophageal organoids were rod-like luminal structures lined with myofibroblasts. We discovered that regeneration of the esophageal mucosal surface can be almost completely achieved in vitro, and the advantage of this method is that organoid cultures may be generated using host-derived fibroblasts as a niche. This method is a promising tool for mouse and human research in intestinal biology, carcinogenesis, and regenerative medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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44. Problems Relating to Salvage Surgery for Esophageal Cancer

Author

Inose, T., primary, Miyazaki, T., additional, Hara, K., additional, Ozawa, D., additional, Yokoyama, Y., additional, Suzuki, S., additional, Tanaka, N., additional, Sakai, M., additional, Sano, A., additional, Yokobori, T., additional, Sohda, M., additional, Nakajima, M., additional, Masuda, N., additional, Fukuchi, M., additional, and Kuwano, H., additional

Published
2013
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45. New Aspects in Esophageal Cancer Treatment through Collaboration among Specialists

Author

Miyazaki, T., primary, Inose, T., additional, Tanaka, N., additional, Suzuki, S., additional, Yokobori, T., additional, Ozawa, D., additional, Hara, K., additional, Yokoyama, Y., additional, Fukuchi, M., additional, Negishi, A., additional, Yokoo, S., additional, Toyoda, M., additional, Chikamatsu, K., additional, Kato, H., additional, and Kuwano, H., additional

Published
2013
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49. Particulate organic carbon flux to the Arctic Ocean sea floor

Author

Wassmann, P., Bauerfeind, Eduard, Fortier, M., Fukuchi, M., Hargrave, B., Moran, B., Noji, T., Nöthig, Eva-Maria, Olli, R., Peinert, R., Saski, H., Shevchenko, V. P., Wassmann, P., Bauerfeind, Eduard, Fortier, M., Fukuchi, M., Hargrave, B., Moran, B., Noji, T., Nöthig, Eva-Maria, Olli, R., Peinert, R., Saski, H., and Shevchenko, V. P.

Published
2003

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