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We reported 2 cases of megaureter in children. The courses of renal function and ureteral dilatation in these patients were observed by urography and renoscintigraphy to determine the timing of surgery. These two patients with unilateral megaureter were treated by reconstructive operation involving excision of the stenotic portion of the ureter, tapering of the dilated ureter and re-implantation. The courses after reconstruction were excellent after 5 years. Recently, active surgery has been recommended for megaureter together with identification of the cause. Urograms and diuretic renoscintigrams were useful for determining the timing of surgery in our cases.

We reported 2 cases of megaureter in children. The courses of renal function and ureteral dilatation in these patients were observed by urography and renoscintigraphy to determine the timing of surgery. These two patients with unilateral megaureter were treated by reconstructive operation involving excision of the stenotic portion of the ureter, tapering of the dilated ureter and re-implantation. The courses after reconstruction were excellent after 5 years. Recently, active surgery has been recommended for megaureter together with identification of the cause. Urograms and diuretic renoscintigrams were useful for determining the timing of surgery in our cases.

Twenty-one patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy were treated with administration of Cernilton(R) (cernitin), 6 tablets per day for three months. The results were as follows. 1. Subjective effectiveness was observed in the improvement of night frequency (77.8%), sense of residual urine (52.9%), forceless urinary stream (50.0%) and prolonged voiding time (46.7%). 2. An overall subjective effectiveness was 66.7% of patients. 3. Cernilton(R) seems having no effect in prostatic size on rectal palpation, urethrocystography and prostatic weight on prostatometry with ultrasound tomography. 4. Cernilton(R) is tend to improve the urine flow on uroflowmetry. 5. An overall objective effectiveness was not observed. 6. Hematological and blood chemistry examination showed no alteration due to administration of Cernilton(R).

A statistic study was made on the clinical activities at the Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Hospital for five years, 1967 to 1971. This report includes number of patients both monthly and yearly, diseases at out-patient-department and those of inpatients, operations, urological and radiological examinations, and mortality.

成人女性の再発性UTI患者に対して, PPA 1回250 mgを1日1回, 就寝前排尿後の内服を長期間継続し, UTIの再発予防効果を検討した.1)対象症例は非複雑性UTI患者48名, 複雑性UTI患者10名であった.予防投与期間中のUTIの年平均再発回数は非複雑性0.15回, 複雑性0.26回で, 治療開始前の年平均再発回数各3.5回と比較して再発頻度が著明に減少しており, 十分な再発予防効果が認められた.2)6ヵ月間の予防投与を終了した症例を2分して, さらに本治療法を継続した27名と薬剤投与を中止した11名における再発率に差を認めなかったことから, 再発予防投与期間は6ヵ月間で一応目的を達せられるものと考えた.3)外尿道口周囲の細菌叢は予防投与期間中はE. coli, Klebsiella sp.らのグラム陰性桿菌の分離頻度が低下する.長期間の予防投与による細菌の耐性化は認められなかった.4)健康成人5名におけるcross over法でPPA 250 mgを就寝時内服の早朝尿の平均尿中濃度は428 μg/mlであり, 本剤250 mgを朝内服の夕刻の尿中濃度と比較して約2倍の高濃度を示した.5)副作用は全症例58名中6名(10.3%), 7件に認められたが, いずれもその程度は軽く副作用のため投与を中止した症例はみられなかった, The prophylactic efficacy of long-term, low-dose antimicrobial treatment in urinary tract infection (UTI) was studied. Fifty-eight female adult patients with a history of at least two recurrent episodes of UTI in the past year were entered into this study, and the prophylactic regimen was not started until the existing UTI had been eradicated. Patients took 250 mg of pipemidic acid (PPA) daily at bedtime after voiding for 6 consecutive months. Incidence of recurrence of UTI in 48 patients with uncomplicated UTI and 10 patients with complicated UTI decreased to 0.15 and 0.29 per year, respectively, during the treatment compared with 3.5 per year before the treatment. At the end of the 6 months of prophylactic treatment, the patients were divided into two groups by the envelope method. Seventeen patients were treated for a further 6 months and 11 patients were followed up without further medication. Prophylactic efficacy of UTI was obtained in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of recurrence between the two groups. These findings suggest that the 6-month period of prophylaxis might be sufficient. Examination of the periurethral swab showed that E. coli and Klebsiella sp. were decreased during the treatment. This prophylactic treatment produced no resistant strains. Urinary levels of PPA in the morning urine of patients administered 250 mg of PPA at bedtime averaged 513 micrograms/ml. These values were about 2 times higher than those found in the evening urine after administration of the same dose in the morning.

1)クロルヘキシジン徐放性Foleyカテーテル(SR-Cカテーテル)を使用すれば少なくとも3日以内の留置期間中は予防的抗菌剤療法は不要であった.2) SR-Cカテーテル使用による明らかな菌の耐性化は認めなかった.3)本カテーテルの使用は留置前から細菌尿に対する治療効果はなかった.4)測定した患者の大多数では尿中へは1～2 μg/mlクロルヘキシジンが長期間にわたり放出されていた.5)本カテーテル使用に伴う副作用として特記すべきものはなかった, Seventy five patients requiring urethral catheterization for over 24 hours were treated with a latex Foley catheter with sustained release of chlorhexidine in a closed drainage system. While the catheter was indwelling, urinary concentrations of chlorhexidine were maintained at the level of 1 to 2 micrograms/ml in average in almost all patients. The catheter was highly effective in preventing the acquisition of catheter-associated bacteriuria in patients with initially sterile urine without systemic antimicrobial therapy. The acquisition rate of bacteriuria was 8, 16, 23, 35 and 74% on day 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 with the catheter indwelling, respectively. The catheter was not effective in eradicating preexisting bacteriuria. Complications of the catheter were minimal.

Three cases of the urinary bladder carcinomas in situ and the invasive carcinomas developed from carcinoma in situ of the bladder simulating chronic cystitis cystoscopically, were reported. The chief complaints of these three patients were persistent frequent urination and burning on urination, but there were no obstructive lesion of the lower urinary tract and no episode of gross hematuria. They were all male ranging 53 to 71 years old and had been smoking cigarettes since their youth. In all the cases, antibiotic chemotherapy was not effective and the diagnosis of the urinary bladder carcinomas was made by repeated cytology of urine and transurethral biopsy of the bladder lesion, and pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma of advanced stage and high grade. Partial cystectomy following total cystectomy and radiation therapy was made in a case who died of disseminated cancer 16 months after total cystectomy. Other two cases were treated by total cystectomy and have been alive without recurrence or metastasis of cancer for 13 months or 15 months since the surgery respectively. Seventeen cases resembling our cases could be collected from literature.

The following tables show statistics on the patients and diseases seen, and operations and main urological examinations performed at our department during the period from January to December, 1972.

P. aeruginosaによる複雑性尿路感染症に対するCPMの治療効果と副作用を評価する目的で, CPM 2g/日とCFS 2g/日の二重盲検法による比較試験をおこなった.総投与例数は274例で, うち効果を判定し得たのはCPM群136例, CFS群118例であった.1) P. aeruginosaを含む感染症では, CPMあるいはCFSを1日2g, 5日間投与時の効果では, 前者の有効率が有意に高かった.2) P. aeruginosaのみを対象にした場合も同様であった.3) P. aeruginosaを含む感染で細菌尿の陰性化率はCPM群はCFS群より有意に高かった.4)交代菌の出現は, CFS群でS. faecalisの出現率が有意に高く, 全体的にもCFS群の投与後の細菌出現率が有意に高かった, 5)薬剤投与開始前の分離菌のMICでは, CPM群の方がCFS群よりもMICの低いものが多かった.6)副作用発現率, 臨床検査値の異常化は両群間に差はなかった, The therapeutic efficacy and safety of Cefpiramide (CPM, SM-1652) at a 2 g/day dose were objectively compared with those of Cefsulodin (CFS) at a 2 g/day dose in patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) by P. aeruginosa in a double-blind study at 46 institutions in Japan. The results are as follows: The therapeutic efficacy was analyzed in 254 patients (136 cases administered CPM and 118 cases administered CFS) after excluding 20 cases as drop-out. Among 254 cases, the number of patients with infection of P. aeruginosa was 190 cases (100 cases administered CPM and 90 cases administered CFS), while that with infection of organisms other than P. aeruginosa was 64 cases (36 cases administered CPM and 28 cases administered CFS). By the administration of a 2 g/day dose for 5 days, the overall clinical effective rate of CPM was significantly higher than that of CFS in total patients. When the patients were classified into 2 groups with respect to causative organisms (P. aeruginosa and others), the clinical effective rate of CPM in patients with infections of P. aeruginosa was significantly higher than that of CFS, while the clinical effective rate of CPM in patients with infection of other organisms than P. aeruginosa was the same as that of CFS. As to the bacteriological effect on bacteriuria, the eradication rate of CPM was significantly higher than that of CFS not only against all causative organisms but also against P. aeruginosa. The rate of replacement by S. faecalis was significantly higher in the CFS-treated group than in the CPM-treated group. The same result was obtained on the rate of replacement by other organisms. The MIC values of CPM for isolated organisms before drug administration were lower than those of CFS. The incidence rates of side effects and the abnormal findings of clinical laboratory tests were the same for the CPM- and CFS-treated groups. From the results, it was concluded that CPM is a useful drug for the treatment of patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

Prophylactic efficacy of long-term low-dose antimicrobial treatment in urinary tract infection (UTI) was studied. Female patients with a history of at least two recurrent episodes of UTI in the past year were entered into the study, and prophylactic regimens were not started until existing UTI had been eradicated. Patients received prophylactic agent daily at bedtime after voiding, and this treatment had been continued for 3 to 6 months. 1. Nalidixic acid (NA) was administered 1.0g to adult patients daily at bedtime, and children received each dose of 250 or 500 mg according to body weight. Female patients with uncomplicated UTI were divided into two groups, the NA group (53 cases) and the placebo group (27 cases), and the incidence of reinfections in the NA group was significantly lower than in the placebo group both at 3 and 6 months (p

頻尿, 残尿感を訴える神経性頻尿患者など44例に塩酸テロジリン1日24 mgを4週間経口投与した.1)頻尿, 残尿感は約45～50%の症例で改善し, うち神経性頻尿患者では約55～65%の改善率であった.2)排尿回数は投与1週後より有意に減少し, 4週後には2.2回減少した.3)最終全般改善度判定の結果61.4%の症例に効果を認め, 特に神経性頻尿患者では76.7%と高い有効率であった.4)副作用は軽度の排尿困難が1例認められたのみで, 臨床検査値の異常変動もなく, 概括安全度判定による副作用発現率は2.3%であった.5)全般有用度判定では61.4%の症例に有用性を認めた, The clinical effects of terodiline hydrochloride were evaluated in forty-four patients with urinary frequency and/or sense of residual urine. After a four-week treatment with 24 mg terodiline hydrochloride once daily, subjective symptoms were improved and micturition frequency was decreased significantly. Slight dysuria was reported as a side effect only in one patient. Terodiline hydrochloride is considered to be superiorly effective and safe for the treatment of urinary frequency and sense of residual urine.

Carboquone preparations, Esquinone for injection and Esquinone injection, were infused into the bladder to investigate their antitumor activity and inactivation of carboquone in urine in 72 patients with superficial bladder tumors. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. Stability of carboquone was highly dependent on pH of the urine mixed with it. Its inactivation was marked at acidic pH. Reduction of the amount of urine during infusion and use of a larger amount of diluent are important to prevent the inactivation of carboquone. 2. Intra-vesical infusion of carboquone was evaluated to be effective in 51.4% patients. 3. No special difference in effectiveness was found between Esquinone for injection and Esquinone injection. 4. No difference in effectiveness was found between the patients with primary tumors and those with recurrent tumors. 5. As for side effects, Esquinone for injection and Esquinone injection caused irritant symptoms of the bladder in 36.4 and 52.0% of patients, respectively. 6. Carboquinone infused into the bladder had no influence on peripheral blood, liver function, and renal function.

A comparative study between Chlamydia Testpack and Chlamydiazyme for the detection of chlamydial antigen was performed. In 61 cases suspected of being chlamydial infection, Chlamydia Testpack had a specificity of 92% and a sensitivity of 88% when compared with Chlamydiazyme. On the result of study using Chlamydia trachomatis serotype B, the sensitivity of Chlamydia Testpack which had a lower limit of 6 x 10(4)/ml of EB was less than that of Chlamydiazyme which had a lower limit of 0.7 x 10(4). However, the large number of EB presented in almost all positive specimen, indicated that Chlamydia Testpack could be used to screen the clinical materials.

Sixteen patients with lymph nodes metastases and/or locally advanced bladder carcinoma were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, and cisplatin (M-VAC) from November 1986 through September 1988. There were 14 men and 2 women. The median age was 61.9 years, with a range from 43 to 81 years. Complete response (CR) was observed in 6 of 16 patients (38%), partial response (PR) was confirmed in 5 of 16 patients (31%), and overall response rate was 69%. Median duration of response was 10.3 and 5.2 months in CR and PR patients, respectively. The myelosuppression with this regimen was tolerable. This study demonstrates that the M-VAC regimen is effective in the invasive bladder carcinoma with or without lymph nodes metastases. However, the duration of response is relatively short, and the true long-term benefits of this regimen remain to be determined.

Forty-three patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated with weekly i.m. injections of 400 mg oxendolone for 12 weeks. The subjective symptoms were improved in 83% of these patients. Residual urine was decreased significantly and Qmax was increased by this treatment. Serum VLDL level was suppressed significantly, whereas the levels of LDL, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were changed little. Atherosclerotic index and the ratio of (total cholesterol--HDL-cholesterol) to (HDL-cholesterol), was not influenced by the treatment. No severe side-effect was found. These findings suggest that oxendolone is the drug of choice for non-surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Clinical effect of Eviprostat was investigated by a double-blind study on 111 patients with prostatic hypertrophy mainly of initial stage and partly of obstructive stage inadequate for operative treatment due to various complications. The following results were obtained. 1) Evaluation of total effect using analogue scale proved that Eviprostat was significantly superior to the placebo. 2) Therapeutic effect consisted of improvement of various symptoms and signs such as residual urine feeling, frequent urination, retardation, protraction, abdominal pressure needed on urination and small stream. However, residual urine volume and urine flow rate did not change significantly. 3) As to side effects, anorexia and pruritus was seen in one case respectively in the Eviprostat group (68 patients), whereas anorexia in one case in the placebo group (69 patients). These did not necessitate discontinuation of the drugs in both groups.

Renal scanning was carried out on 337 cases either with 203Hg-Chlormerodrin (203Hg_C) or 203Hg-Salyrgan (203Hg_S). Clinical evaluation of renal scan was made on our experiences. 1) Renoscintigram 15 minutes after intravenous injection of 203Hg_S was as excellent as that obtained 1 to 2 hours after 203Hg_C administration. 2) Disappearance from the blood, urinary excretion, and the renal dosis estimated by successive scan showed that 203Hg_S has advantages of rapid transit through the body and minimal renal irradiation. 3) Renoscintigram was more or less useful for diagnosis of various conditions as follows. For renovascular hypertension, it gave no more information than IVP. Renoscintigram was quite valuable for diagnosis of localized parenchymal lesion, and screening with it should be made before retroperitoneal pneumography or arteriography. For congenital anomalies of the kidney, it was meaningful to make a definite diagnosis. It made the quantitative evaluation possib'le as to the functioning parenchyma. For nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis, renal tuberculosis and pyelonephritis, the location of the circumscribed intraparenchymal lesion was made clear and the quantitative evaluation of the remaining parenchyma was made possible. This was quite informative in establishing the treatment, either nephrectomy or renal conservation. In renal failure, especially of obstructive origin, renoscintigram gave no more information than IVP.

A statistic study was made on the clinical activities at the Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Hospital for five years, 1967 to 1971. This report includes number of patients both monthly and yearly, diseases at out-patient-department and those of inpatients, operations, urological and radiological examinations, and mortality.

Twenty-one patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy were treated with administration of Cernilton(R) (cernitin), 6 tablets per day for three months. The results were as follows. 1. Subjective effectiveness was observed in the improvement of night frequency (77.8%), sense of residual urine (52.9%), forceless urinary stream (50.0%) and prolonged voiding time (46.7%). 2. An overall subjective effectiveness was 66.7% of patients. 3. Cernilton(R) seems having no effect in prostatic size on rectal palpation, urethrocystography and prostatic weight on prostatometry with ultrasound tomography. 4. Cernilton(R) is tend to improve the urine flow on uroflowmetry. 5. An overall objective effectiveness was not observed. 6. Hematological and blood chemistry examination showed no alteration due to administration of Cernilton(R).

Prophylactic efficacy of long-term low-dose antimicrobial treatment in urinary tract infection (UTI) was studied. Female patients with a history of at least two recurrent episodes of UTI in the past year were entered into the study, and prophylactic regimens were not started until existing UTI had been eradicated. Patients received prophylactic agent daily at bedtime after voiding, and this treatment had been continued for 3 to 6 months. 1. Nalidixic acid (NA) was administered 1.0g to adult patients daily at bedtime, and children received each dose of 250 or 500 mg according to body weight. Female patients with uncomplicated UTI were divided into two groups, the NA group (53 cases) and the placebo group (27 cases), and the incidence of reinfections in the NA group was significantly lower than in the placebo group both at 3 and 6 months (p<0.05). All patients with complicated UTI (16 men and 19 women) received NA regimen, and the incidence of reinfections was 20% at 3 months and 7.4% at 6 months. Adverse reactions of NA were noted in 7 of 88 patients (7.9%) during the treatment. Anorexia was observed in 5 cases, a rash in 1, and general itching in 1. No significant laboratory abnormalities were observed. 2. Female adult patients were treated with one tablet of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP -SMX, 80 and 400 mg, respectively) daily at bedtime, while children received half the adult dose taken according to the same schedule. Incidences of recurrence of UTI in 44 patients with uncomplicated UTI and 23 patients with complicated UTI were decreased to 0.48 and 0.52 per year during the treatment compared with 4.73 and 3.35 per year before entry into the study, respectively. After completion of 6 months period of prophylactic therapy, patients who remained free from UTI were divided into two groups by envelope method. Eleven cases were treated for a further 6 months and 12 cases followed by no medication. There was no significant difference in the incidence of recurrence

Carboquone preparations, Esquinone for injection and Esquinone injection, were infused into the bladder to investigate their antitumor activity and inactivation of carboquone in urine in 72 patients with superficial bladder tumors. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. Stability of carboquone was highly dependent on pH of the urine mixed with it. Its inactivation was marked at acidic pH. Reduction of the amount of urine during infusion and use of a larger amount of diluent are important to prevent the inactivation of carboquone. 2. Intra-vesical infusion of carboquone was evaluated to be effective in 51.4% patients. 3. No special difference in effectiveness was found between Esquinone for injection and Esquinone injection. 4. No difference in effectiveness was found between the patients with primary tumors and those with recurrent tumors. 5. As for side effects, Esquinone for injection and Esquinone injection caused irritant symptoms of the bladder in 36.4 and 52.0% of patients, respectively. 6. Carboquinone infused into the bladder had no influence on peripheral blood, liver function, and renal function.

Three cases of the urinary bladder carcinomas in situ and the invasive carcinomas developed from carcinoma in situ of the bladder simulating chronic cystitis cystoscopically, were reported. The chief complaints of these three patients were persistent frequent urination and burning on urination, but there were no obstructive lesion of the lower urinary tract and no episode of gross hematuria. They were all male ranging 53 to 71 years old and had been smoking cigarettes since their youth. In all the cases, antibiotic chemotherapy was not effective and the diagnosis of the urinary bladder carcinomas was made by repeated cytology of urine and transurethral biopsy of the bladder lesion, and pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma of advanced stage and high grade. Partial cystectomy following total cystectomy and radiation therapy was made in a case who died of disseminated cancer 16 months after total cystectomy. Other two cases were treated by total cystectomy and have been alive without recurrence or metastasis of cancer for 13 months or 15 months since the surgery respectively. Seventeen cases resembling our cases could be collected from literature.

Clinical effect of Eviprostat was investigated by a double-blind study on 111 patients with prostatic hypertrophy mainly of initial stage and partly of obstructive stage inadequate for operative treatment due to various complications. The following results were obtained. 1) Evaluation of total effect using analogue scale proved that Eviprostat was significantly superior to the placebo. 2) Therapeutic effect consisted of improvement of various symptoms and signs such as residual urine feeling, frequent urination, retardation, protraction, abdominal pressure needed on urination and small stream. However, residual urine volume and urine flow rate did not change significantly. 3) As to side effects, anorexia and pruritus was seen in one case respectively in the Eviprostat group (68 patients), whereas anorexia in one case in the placebo group (69 patients). These did not necessitate discontinuation of the drugs in both groups.

The following tables show statistics on the patients and diseases seen, and operations and main urological examinations performed at our department during the period from January to December, 1972.

The following tables show statistics on the patients and diseases seen, and operations and main urological examinations performed at our department during the period from January to December, 1973.

The therapeutic efficacy and safety of Cefpiramide (CPM, SM-1652) at a 2 g/day dose were objectively compared with those of Cefsulodin (CFS) at a 2 g/day dose in patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) by P. aeruginosa in a double-blind study at 46 institutions in Japan. The results are as follows: The therapeutic efficacy was analyzed in 254 patients (136 cases administered CPM and 118 cases administered CFS) after excluding 20 cases as drop-out. Among 254 cases, the number of patients with infection of P. aeruginosa was 190 cases (100 cases administered CPM and 90 cases administered CFS), while that with infection of organisms other than P. aeruginosa was 64 cases (36 cases administered CPM and 28 cases administered CFS). By the administration of a 2 g/day dose for 5 days, the overall clinical effective rate of CPM was significantly higher than that of CFS in total patients. When the patients were classified into 2 groups with respect to causative organisms (P. aeruginosa and others), the clinical effective rate of CPM in patients with infections of P. aeruginosa was significantly higher than that of CFS, while the clinical effective rate of CPM in patients with infection of other organisms than P. aeruginosa was the same as that of CFS. As to the bacteriological effect on bacteriuria, the eradication rate of CPM was significantly higher than that of CFS not only against all causative organisms but also against P. aeruginosa. The rate of replacement by S. faecalis was significantly higher in the CFS-treated group than in the CPM-treated group. The same result was obtained on the rate of replacement by other organisms. The MIC values of CPM for isolated organisms before drug administration were lower than those of CFS. The incidence rates of side effects and the abnormal findings of clinical laboratory tests were the same for the CPM- and CFS-treated groups. From the results, it was concluded that CPM is a useful drug for the treatment of p

The clinical effects of terodiline hydrochloride were evaluated in forty-four patients with urinary frequency and/or sense of residual urine. After a four-week treatment with 24 mg terodiline hydrochloride once daily, subjective symptoms were improved and micturition frequency was decreased significantly. Slight dysuria was reported as a side effect only in one patient. Terodiline hydrochloride is considered to be superiorly effective and safe for the treatment of urinary frequency and sense of residual urine.

Seventy five patients requiring urethral catheterization for over 24 hours were treated with a latex Foley catheter with sustained release of chlorhexidine in a closed drainage system. While the catheter was indwelling, urinary concentrations of chlorhexidine were maintained at the level of 1 to 2 micrograms/ml in average in almost all patients. The catheter was highly effective in preventing the acquisition of catheter-associated bacteriuria in patients with initially sterile urine without systemic antimicrobial therapy. The acquisition rate of bacteriuria was 8, 16, 23, 35 and 74% on day 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 with the catheter indwelling, respectively. The catheter was not effective in eradicating preexisting bacteriuria. Complications of the catheter were minimal.

Forty-three patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated with weekly i.m. injections of 400 mg oxendolone for 12 weeks. The subjective symptoms were improved in 83% of these patients. Residual urine was decreased significantly and Qmax was increased by this treatment. Serum VLDL level was suppressed significantly, whereas the levels of LDL, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were changed little. Atherosclerotic index and the ratio of (total cholesterol--HDL-cholesterol) to (HDL-cholesterol), was not influenced by the treatment. No severe side-effect was found. These findings suggest that oxendolone is the drug of choice for non-surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.