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Marine geothermal energy is rich in China but have not been well developed. Integrating marine geothermal energy with other marine resources is crucial for ensuring China’s energy security, realizing the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, strengthening the country’s energy sector, building a new energy system, and promoting island and deep-sea development. This study reviews the current status of marine geothermal energy utilization in China and abroad, analyzes the challenges faced by China in marine geothermal energy utilization, and clarifies the key development directions of marine geothermal energy utilization in China: (1) core technologies and key equipment for the exploration and development of marine geothermal energy, (2) core technologies and key equipment for marine geothermal energy utilization, and (3) marine geothermal energy industry and industrial chain construction. Moreover, the study expounds on the staged development goals and proposed two typical models for marine geothermal energy utilization in China: integrated development with offshore heavy oil and with marine natural gas hydrate. Future development strategies are further proposed: (1) coordinating marine function zoning and incorporating marine geothermal energy and offshore oil and gas blocks into unified national planning; (2) pinpointing the distribution of marine geothermal energy in South China Sea and its overlapping advantages with other marine resources; (3) accelerating research on core technologies and key equipment for the development and utilization of marine geothermal energy; (4) increasing financial support and providing subsidies and preferential fiscal and tax policies to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises; and (5) conducting pilot tests in marine geothermal energy enrichment areas to explore the demonstrations of integrated development with other marine resources.

To strengthen its energy sector and realize the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, China needs to accelerate the construction of a modern energy system, transform its energy development mode, and improve its energy production support capabilities. The integration and complementarity of multiple energy sources is an effective concept and scheme to solve the separation of energy subsystems, optimize the energy pattern, and improve the efficiency of clean energy utilization. Based on the analysis of the existing modes of multi-energy integration, this study summarizes the development status and bottlenecks of multi-energy integration in China and the development trend of multi-energy integration in other countries. Considering existing models, a new multi-energy integration model that integrates energy conversion, complementarity, reuse, and zero-carbon production is proposed to achieve the clean and efficient utilization of energy. To promote the planning, construction, and practice of multi-energy integration in China, we further propose a basic development path and the following suggestions: (1) formulating a medium- and long-term plan to support multienergy integration based on resource endowment, (2) accelerating the breakthroughs in key core technologies for multi-energy

This article aims to provide a novel image paradigm for camouflaged object detection, i.e., RGB-D images. To promote the development of camouflaged object detection tasks based on RGB-D images, we construct an RGB-D camouflaged object detection dataset, dubbed CODD. This dataset is obtained by converting the existing salient object detection RGB-D datasets by image-to-image translation techniques, which is comparable to the current widely used camouflaged object detection dataset in terms of diversity and complexity. In particular, in order to obtain high-quality translated images, we design a selection strategy that takes into account the structural similarity between pre- and post-conversion images, the similarity between the appearance of objects and their surroundings, as well as the ambiguity of object boundaries. In addition, we extensively evaluate the CODD dataset using existing RGB-D-based salient object detection methods to validate the challenge and usability of the dataset. The CODD dataset will be available at: https://github.com/zcc0616/CODD-Dateset.git.

In this paper, the similarity criterion and dimensionless conversion method combined with the elasticity condition and Hooke's law are used to derive the functional relationship of the maximum effective value of the vibration velocity between the prototype pump and the model pump. The seawater circulation pump of a nuclear power plant is used as the prototype pump, and the model pump is obtained by performance conversion and choosing the appropriate scale, and the vibration state of the model pump under different flow rates is measured and analyzed. The vibration data of the model pump through the function relationship to find out the vibration parameters of the prototype model pump, and compare with the vibration data of the seawater circulation pump in reality. It can be seen that with the increase of flow rate, the maximum effective value of the vibration velocity of both model and prototype decreases and then increases, and the relative error is small, the maximum value is 7.7757%. Therefore, it can be considered that the functional relationship of model pump converted to prototype pump derived in this paper can be used to analyze the vibration of the actual seawater circulation pump of coastal nuclear power plant.

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different tillage patterns and biochar addition on soil nitrogen and phosphorus transformation and maize growth and development in farmland in the black soil area. [Methods] Through a field experiment, two tillage treatments (deep tillage and shallow tillage) and five biochar addition treatments (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t/hm2) were set up to investigate the combined effects of different tillage patterns and biochar addition on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fractions, enzyme activities, and physiological characteristics of maize. [Results] (1) Deep tillage and shallow tillage in combination with biochar addition could effectively improve soil structure, increase the geometric mean diameter of agglomerates, and reduce the percentage of damage. The deep tillage treatment was more effective than the shallow tillage treatment. (2) The addition of biochar improved soil nitrogen-phosphorus fractions, urease activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity, and the effect of applying biochar at the rate of 9 t/hm2 was the best, which was more pronounced in the deep tillage treatment. (3) The application of biochar up to 9 t/hm2 under deep tillage treatment increased the total nitrogen and phosphorus contents and glutamine synthetase activity of leaves and decreased the acid phosphatase activity. (4) The yield of corn under deep tillage condition with the addition of 9 t/hm2 of biochar was as high as 17.37 t/hm2, which was increased by 28.9% compared with that of 0 of biochar. [Conclusion] The deep-tillage treatment and addition of 9 t/hm2 biochar provided a reference for the nutrient environment and crop growth in agricultural fields in the black soil area.

The current market for the assembly and disassembly of offshore platforms exceeds $100 billion. However, existing methods face limitations that reduce their efficiency. To address these limitations, we propose a dual-vessel collaborative assembly and disassembly system with multiple motion-compensated lifting arms. The compensation system enables the lifting arms to isolate the topside module from the wave-induced loads, and specifically the torque, transmitted from the lifting vessel. Through theoretical derivations based on hydrostatics principles, a mathematical model of the topside module is established. We consider the effects of lifting load, tidal changes and the ballast water system on stability, and develop a stability analysis model for the dual-vessel system. The intact stability and loss-of-load stability under dual-vessel collaborative lifting conditions are analysed to verify compliance with stability requirements for lifting a 30,000 ton topside module. The results conclusively demonstrate that the proposed system with multiple motion-compensated lifting arms meets the stability performance needs for dual-vessel collaborative offshore assembly and disassembly operations.

Objective: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the main method for pyonephrosis or lithotripsy in urology. However, it often comes with high risk, as the inaccurate puncture inevitably causes bleeding, intra- and post-operative complications. So, a new inter-disciplinary approach is needed to perform the puncture more accurately. Methods: 3 signs made of lead were marked onto the skin of the posterior side of the waist of a domestic pig or a patient, which was scanned by computed tomography (CT). Based on the CT images, the computer design and the 3D printing, a navigation template made of the transparent resin material is constructed. They were attached onto the surgical area on pig or patient according to the signs. During the PCNL, with this template, the puncture position, angle and depth were optimized in order to precisely enter the targeted renal pelvis or calices. Results: With the 3D navigation templates, 18G puncture needles were used to enter the renal pelvis upon performing the PCNL on a porcine model and a patient. On the porcine model, the urine outflow was observed with minimal complication. Post-operative CT scans revealed that the needle was located in the renal pelvis. For the patient case, the puncture point was designed to target the calix with stone. No obvious bleeding and complication was found in renal puncture with template. Conclusions: The navigation template was made with the combination of 3D printing, CT images and computer design. This template allows for accurate puncture of the renal pelvis or calix. Surgical improvement in kidney stones and pyonephrosis was observed in porcine model and patient case. In the future, prospective, trandomized, controlled clinical trials are needed to further confirm its advantage.

Various health risk assessment models have been developed to evaluate occupational pesticide exposure in China. However, there has been limited investigation into the relationship between health risks and pesticide spraying in orchards. In this study, we analyzed pesticide exposure of applicators while spraying with a stretcher-mounted sprayer in orchards located in four different climatic regions. All garments’ unit exposure (UE) demonstrated a right-skewed distribution, with gloves and shins accounting for the highest proportion of dermal pesticide exposure. We observed little difference in dermal and inhalation UE levels between apple and citrus orchards, except for pesticide exposure levels on wipes and faces. While 57% of the inhalation UE distribution variance was attributed to clustering and location effects, no significant differences were observed in dermal exposure levels. We evaluated the impact of different levels of protective clothing on pesticide exposure levels, according to applicators' working habits in China. Our findings revealed that improved levels of protection significantly reduced dermal exposure to pesticides, particularly when wearing gloves during spraying with a stretcher-mounted sprayer. Based on our empirical data, we utilized a simple random sampling model and an intercept-only lognormal mixed model to estimate dermal and inhalation exposure levels. The estimated dermal UE was accurate to within 3-fold with 95% confidence, and half of the estimated inhalation UE was acceptable according to the fold relative accuracy (fRA). Our established and verified statistics for dermal and inhalation UE can be utilized to evaluate the potential pesticide exposure to applicators during spraying in orchards with a stretcher-mounted sprayer.

With the continuous development of renewable energy, photovoltaic power stations show a trend of large-scale grid connection, but the disorderly development of photovoltaic grid connection induces the static voltage instability in photovoltaic grid-connected system. Firstly, an equivalent model of photovoltaic large-scale grid-connected system using the equivalent admittance of photovoltaics is constructed in this paper, and the impact of photovoltaic grid-connected system on static voltage stability is quantified as the impact of photovoltaic equivalent admittance on the eigenvalue of the admittance matrix. It is concluded that the decrease of the minimum eigenvalue of the admittance matrix reduces the static voltage stability of photovoltaic grid-connected system. Further an evaluation index for static voltage stability of photovoltaic grid-connected system based on eigenvalue-active power sensitivity is proposed. Considering the strong correlation between the admittance matrix and the network topology of photovoltaic grid-connected system, the influence of the network topology on static voltage stability is analyzed. Photovoltaic grid-connected schemes which can improve the static voltage stability are proposed from AC and DC perspectives, and it is concluded that changing the topology of the transmission network reasonably can improve the static voltage stability of photovoltaic grid-connected system. Finally, based on a IEEE 14-node system example, the eigenvalue index and the photovoltaic grid-connected scheme proposed in this paper is validated to ensure the static voltage stability of large-scale photovoltaic grid-connected systems and promote orderly grid connection of photovoltaic system.

Offshore oil and gas equipment is crucial for developing offshore oil and gas and strengthening the marine power of a country. In recent years, China’s offshore oil and gas equipment industry has made a series of breakthroughs and is realizing the leap toward ultra-deep water; however, there are still some drawbacks. This study reviews the development status of offshore oil and gas exploration, drilling, construction, and production equipment globally and in China, analyzes the gap between China and the advanced international level, and proposes the key development directions for each type of equipment. Future development goals and the following suggestions are further proposed: (1) upgrading the conventional marine equipment industry through unmanned, intelligent, and standardized development, (2) establishing a system of technologies and equipment for 3000-meter-level oil-gas field development, (3) formulating a key core equipment list to accelerate breakthroughs of core equipment, (4) accelerating the domestication of underwater production equipment, (5) achieving breakthroughs regarding floating liquefied natural gas facilities, (6) improving the marine equipment test and certification system, and (7) exploring the integrated development of offshore oil and gas equipment and offshore new energy resources, thereby providing references for future development of offshore oil and gas equipment in China.

Deep-sea mineral resource development is an important measure to address China’s long-term dependence on strategic mineral resources. Having a complete and reliable equipment system is a prerequisite for China to promote its deep-sea mineral resource development and realize self-dependence of national strategic resources. This study focuses on the development history and current status of deep-sea mineral resource exploration and mining equipment in China and abroad and analyzes the bottlenecks that restrict China’s equipment development from three aspects: complete mining system, core mining equipment, and basic equipment and components. It also summarizes the scientific problems that need to be solved urgently and proposes development goals and key research directions from the perspectives of industrial integration, improvement of green mining system, and optimization of technical support. China should prioritize core equipment development to support large-scale mining, promote the integration of multiple industries and high-quality development of the entire equipment chain, and launch major projects for the development of deep-sea mineral resource exploitation equipment, focusing on the deep integration of production, education, research, and application of core equipment technologies. In addition, the government should provide various policy support and focus on innovation and upgrade of domestically produced equipment to promote the commercialized mining of deep-sea minerals in China.

To achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, China has deepened its energy revolution with the largest renewable energy power generation capacity in the world.In face of the unstable power supply of large-scale renewable energy, a new power system has been proposed and constantly upgraded, which promoted the construction and development of pumped storage power station.Under terrain constraints and the ecological red line, the site selection of traditional pumped storage power station is a hard nut to crack.At the same time, a large number of closed/abandoned mines and resource exhausted cities emerged in the process of coal capacity reduction.This study gave a detailed overview of the status quo of pumped storage power station in China, and analyzed the environmental benefits of the combination of closed/abandoned mines and pumped storage, such as water resource pressure relief and greenhouse gas emission reduction.Based on the different modes of closed/abandoned mine pumped storage power stations, this study analyzed the application potential of closed/abandoned mine pumped storage.Finally, this paper proposed the development strategy of China's abandoned mine pumped storage, and the prospects of closed/abandoned mine+energy storage in multiple industries.

Affected by the superposition of working face mining, strong rock pressure phenomena such as rock burst and large deformation easily occur in the gob-side entry when mining extra-thick coal seams. Taking the extra-thick coal seam mining of Caojiatan Coal Mine in Yushen Mining Area as the engineering background, the appearance mechanism of strong mine pressure in gob-side entry is analyzed and a surrounding rock control technology based on deep-hole directional tension blasting and pressure relief is proposed in our study. The effects of the technology are comprehensively studied by numerical simulation and field experiment. It was found that under the condition of fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining in extra-thick coal seam, the large space long cantilever structure of the gob roof breaks and forms a bench rock beam block with a large length. The instability of the long cantilever structure or the roof key layer will cause strong dynamic pressure, which acts on the coal pillar and further transmits to the surrounding rock of the gob-side entry in the advanced mining area, which is the main reason for the large deformation of the floor heave. Numerical study shows that when the directional roof cutting is performed in the gob-side entry, the surrounding rock stress is transferred away from the entry to both sides. The peak stress value is significantly reduced and the stress range is reduced. The engineering test under different roof cutting conditions was carried out in the field. It was found that the deep-hole roof cutting pressure relief technology based on directional tension blasting can effectively reduce the surrounding rock pressure of the gob-side entry at the end of the ultra-thick coal seam working face. The average load of fore support in the entry was reduced by 11% and the average deformation of floor in the serious section of the entry was reduced by 65% after roof cutting. The combined blasting is beneficial to further reduce the deformation of the entry surroundings and improves the stability of the entry. The research results provide an effective method for controlling the deformation of entry induced by strong mining pressure in ultra-thick coal seam mining.

Tennis is a sport, which is mainly composed of many parts, such as mobile devices, software and hardware. With the rapid development of today's time, people's living standards are getting higher and higher, the traditional teaching mode can no longer meet the user's needs well, so teachers need to help students improve their overall quality with the help of more advanced modern online teaching methods, therefore, the design of a practical and flexible mobile assistance system is necessary for universities nowadays. This paper mainly introduces the tennis auxiliary system based on ordinary differential equations, which is based on the database, and it has the functions of data collection, processing and display. This software is designed and implemented by using javaSwing technology and solidworks development tools. After that, SSH framework is used to create the application and backend management interface for later maintenance and update, so that the management can understand the students' situation at any time and make corresponding decision analysis to better serve the users and improve the quality and level of tennis teaching.

Gene editing tools have become an indispensable part of research into the fundamental aspects of cell biology. With a vast body of literature having been generated based on next generation sequencing technologies, keeping track of this ever-growing body of information remains challenging. This necessitates the translation of genomic data into tangible applications. In order to address this objective, the generated Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data forms the basis for targeted genome editing strategies, employing known enzymes of various cellular machinery, in generating organisms with specifically selected phenotypes. This review focuses primarily on CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the context of its advantages over Zinc finger proteins (ZNF) and Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) and meganucleases mutagenesis strategies, for use in agricultural and veterinary applications. This review will describe the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in creating modified organisms with custom-made properties, without the undesired non-targeted effects associated with virus vector vaccines and bioactive molecules produced in bacterial systems. Examples of the successful and unsuccessful applications of this technology to plants, animals and microorganisms are provided, as well as an in-depth look into possible future trends and applications in vaccine development, disease resistance and enhanced phenotypic traits will be discussed.

In order to study the pressure relief effect of repeated mining on the cross-stacked protective layer working face, a FLAC3D numerical model was established by taking 15303 and 8123 cross-stacked protective layer working face in Lunan sub-district of Xinjing Mine as the object. The evolution law of plastic zone, in-situ stress and expansion deformation of 3# protected coal seam under the mining condition of 8# single protective layer and the mining condition of 8# and 15# coal seam overlapping protective layer is simulated, and the field test is carried out. The results showed that after the cross-stacked working face mining, the stress state of the protected layer presents a non-uniform distribution state, which can be divided into five areas on the plane, respectively: sufficient pressure relief area, insufficient pressure relief area, weak stress concentration area, strong stress concentration area and original rock stress area; the stress concentration of the protected layer decreases in the overlapping area of the two working faces, while the pressure relief degree increases in the pressure relief area; the stress concentration of the protected layer increases greatly in the four intersection areas where the two working faces cross vertically; the pressure relief effect of cross-stacked working face is obviously better than that of single protective layer mining.

The pore-structure characteristics of hybrid basalt–polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete were investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The applicability of various fractal models in characterising the HBPRC pore structure was compared. The results show that the types and content of fibres show different influences on the cumulative pore volume and fractal characteristics of hybrid basalt-polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete. Compared with pore-volume and solid mass, the fractal characteristics of pore surface area of hybrid basalt-polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete is more significant. Furthermore, the pore-surface fractal model that established based on the energy conservation relationship during mercury intrusion is more accurate and effective for the characterization of fractal dimension of hybrid basalt-polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete. The research results can provide important theoretical guidance for the study of pore structure and fractal characteristics of fibre-reinforced concrete.

Serine/threonine phosphatase calcineurin (CN) is a unique but confounding calcium/calmodulin- mediated enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit A (CNA) and a regulatory subunit B (CNB). We cloned six transcripts for CNA named from NlCNA-X1 to NlCNA-X6, one CNB named NlCNB1 and one CNB homologous gene NlCNBH1 from Nilaparvata lugens. All of them are constitutively transcripted in various tissues and developmental stages. The primary structure of the six isoforms showed obvious differences in the length and composition of the amino acid sequence between the two binding domains of Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM) and CNB. Ca2+-binding EF-hand motifs were found in NlCNB1 and NlCNBH1. The specific gene silencing of NlCNA, NlCNB1 and NlCNBH1 respectively by RNAi resulted in drastical reduction in survival rate, female weight, eclosion rate and fecundity of N. lugens. These results showed that NlCNA, NlCNB1 and NlCNBH1 were required for N. lugens growth and reproduction. The negative effects of NlCNB1 silence on nymph mortality (97%), molting malformation (90%) and female sterile (50%) were more serious than those of NlCNA or NlCNBH1. qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses indicated that the nymphs with silenced NlCNA, NlCNB1 or NlCNBH1 showed impaired hormone and energy metabolism. In nymphs, the contents of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) after NlCNB1 RNAi and phenoloxidase after NlCNA RNAi were particularly decreased. These results suggested that NlCNA is involved in immunity of N. lugens by regulation of phenoloxidase, while NlCNB1 may control the growth and development of N. lugens by 20E signaling pathway in addition to interact with CNA. Injection of 70 ng/μL dsNlCNB1 resulted in 77.0% down regulation of NlCNB1, and the nymph mortality was up to 57.9% at 10 d after injection. Therefore, NlCNB1 could be a potential candidate target used for strategy design in control of N. lugens. Our results revealed the importance of CN in the regulation of the growth and development of N. lugens, which provided a basis for further study of the molecular mechanism of CN.

Query Optimization is considered to be one of the most important challenges in database management. Existing built-in query optimizers are very complex and rely on various approximations and hand-picked rules. The rise of deep learning and deep reinforcement learning has aided many scientific and industrial fields, providing an opportunity to develop a learnable query optimizer. In this paper, we analyse and improve the state-of-the-art learned query optimizer, Neo for the JOB benchmark on two database systems: PostgreSQL and Huawei GaussDB. We describe our methods, based on combination of Neo, Tree-Transformers, auxiliary tasks, reward weighting. Combinations of these methods improve latency of the found query execution plans. We also conduct a thorough analysis of the resulting execution plans and devise a set of decision-based rules to indicate the cases when the learned optimizer will outperform the built-in one. We also provide a source code for the proposed methods and experiments. Finally, we provide possible directions for further improvement in this field.

China has a huge amount of ocean temperature difference energy resources that are primarily distributed in Guangdong Province and the South China Sea. These resources are crucial for optimizing the energy structure of Guangdong Province and for ensuring the energy supply of islands in the South China Sea and along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Currently, the ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) technology and equipment are still in the experimental stage worldwide. The construction cost of megawatt-level experimental power stations is huge, and its overall technologies are not mature enough for commercial utilization; therefore, breakthroughs in related technologies and equipment are urgently needed. In this article, we summarize the development mode of OTEC and the challenges faced by related technologies and equipment in China and abroad. We propose a new approach of using low-temperature seawater—produced during the gasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG)—instead of deep seawater to generate electricity; this can help overcome the difficulties regarding the temperature difference energy development in the South China Sea and address the waste of LNG cold energy resources in Guangdong Province. Specifically, we use the Zhuhai LNG gasification station as an example to explore a development model of integrating LNG cold energy recovery with OTEC and the establishment of a low-temperature seawater comprehensive utilization demonstration base. Moreover, we demonstrate the economic and technical feasibility of the model through a preliminary estimate of the investment and revenue of the demonstration base. This case is expected to provide necessary technical references and application demonstrations for the comprehensive utilization of temperature difference energy and low-temperature seawater resources in China.

Taking the large-scale toppling failure counter-tilted slope in Changshanhao open-pit mine in Inner Mongolia as engineering background, a layered counter-tilted slope geological generalized physical model was constructed based on similar theory. Physical model tests were performed under three different conditions: unreinforced, ordinary Possion’s Ratio(PR) anchor cable reinforcement, and constant resistance and large deformation Negative Possion’s Ratio (NPR) anchor cable reinforcement. Then infrared thermal imaging system, strain monitoring system and digital speckle displacement measurement system were used comprehensively to monitor the temperature field, strain field and displacement field respectively during the entire counter-tilted slope excavation test. Finally the deformation characteristics and instability mechanism of layered counter-tilted slope were investigated, and the reinforcement effects under different reinforcement measures were compared and analyzed. The research results show that the deformation process of counter-tilted slope has obvious deformation characteristics of "superimposed cantilever beam". Its toppling mechanism is mainly manifested in three stages: initial crack formation, crack development, and sliding surface penetrating and slope instability. The PR anchor cable failed during the excavation and could not resist the large deformation of the slope. In contrast, the NPR anchor cable has the characteristics of high constant resistance, large deformation and energy absorption, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of counter-tilted slope instability and provide a new way for slope engineering reinforcement.

To effectively evaluate the performance improvement of cement pavement in seasonal frost regions, the typical diseases of cement concrete pavements in seasonal frost regions are proposed through the analysis of measured data, and the influence factors of pavement performance mutation value in seasonal frost regions is determined, the application conditions of the model are obtained by the response surface test method; the road performance improvement model is established by the regression analysis method, and the goodness of fit and significance state of the model were tested, and the validity of the model was verified by comparing with the evaluation results of the existing model. The results show that: broken slabs, staggered platforms, cracks, exposed aggregates, broken corners and potholes are typical diseases of cement concrete pavement in seasonal frost regions; the mutation value of pavement performance is most sensitive to the impact of road damage index, running quality index and anti-skid performance index before pre-maintenance, which under pre-curing conditions. The evaluation effect of the model for improving the performance of cement concrete pavement in seasonal frost regions is good, and the interpretable part of the improvement of pavement performance by the model is 99.2%; the fit of the improved evaluation value and the measured value is 0.991, and the model high fit. The evaluation effect of the proposed model is better than the existing model, and the determination of the model is of great significance to the pre-maintenance of cement concrete pavement.

The concentration of smoke in an environment can cause obvious interference to visible light intensity imaging, and it is a non-negligible factor in the polarized imaging of ground-based targets. Smoke particles cause severe scattering of photon intensity, resulting in polarization. In this case, low-visibility targets can be effectively identified by detecting the polarization dimension of targets. However, the polarization transmission of smoke in an environment is unclear, and the theoretical simulation lacks experimental reliability verification. To study this problem, this study constructs a polarization transmission model in a smoke environment and simulates and analyzes the scattering of visible polarized light at 450, 532, and 671 nm under different smoke densities. The optical thickness is determined to establish a reliable connection between the simulation and the external field long optical path test and verify the transmission of polarized light. Results show that the method has a 60% confidence in the polarization transmission model. With the increase in optical thickness, the degree of polarization (DOP) of the three wavelengths in the visible light band decreases, and the DOP of each polarized light decreases. No obvious difference is found between the DOPs of circularly polarized light at 450 nm and linearly polarized light. The DOP of circularly polarized light at 532 nm is 1–5% higher than that of linearly polarized light, 1–10% higher than that of the outdoor test, 1–5% higher than that of circularly polarized light at 671 nm, and 2–15% higher than that of the outdoor test. Therefore, the shorter the wavelength in the visible band, the higher the DOP. With the increase in wavelength, the polarization characteristics of circularly polarized light are gradually better than those of linearly polarized light.

A roadway support optimization method based on parametric numerical calculation inversion analysis is proposed. Based on the measured values, the geomechanical parameters with less error between the calculated results and the actual mineralization are obtained through the inversion analysis of parameterized numerical calculation, so as to evaluate the support effect of different support schemes. On the basis of the establishment of optimization process of support scheme, taking 3210 isolated island working face of Wangpo Mine as an example, the optimization comparison and selection of different support schemes are carried out. The results show that the accuracy of the numerical calculation method is improved by introducing the measured data of ground pressure as the accuracy evaluation condition of the numerical model. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, the easily observed ground pressure behavior parameters should be selected as the dependent variables of parametric inversion analysis.

Objective To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA LINC01006 in regulating the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of nephroblastoma cells and explore the molecular mechanism. Methods We detected the expression of LINC01006 in nephroblastoma tissues and cell lines using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).We subsequently tested the effects of transfection with an adenovirus vector for LINC01006 overexpression or a siRNA targeting LINC01006 on cell viability, proliferation, invasion and apoptosis in human nephroblastoma cells using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) cell proliferation assay kit, Transwell assay or flow cytometry as appropriate.Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify the target gene of LINC01006, and the results were verified by luciferase reporter gene analysis.The expression of miR-148a-3p and its target gene mesoderm homeobox2 (MEOX2) was detected in human nephroblastoma cells with overexpression and knockdown of LINC01006.The tumor cell lines transfected with an empty adenovirus vector or a LINC01006-overexpressing vector were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish mouse models bearing transplanted nephroblastoma, in which the tumor growth dynamics were observed.The expression levels of LINC01006, miR-148a-3p, MEOX2, phosphorylated-phosphatidylinositol- 3 kinase (p-PI3K), and phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-PKB /p-Akt) were examined in the tumor tissues. Results The nephroblastoma tissues and cell lines expressed significantly lower level of LINC01006 than normal tissues and control cell lines (P < 0.01).LINC01006 over-expression significantly inhibited the viability (P < 0.01), proliferation (P < 0.01) and invasion (166.00±13.75 vs 103.00±9.24, P < 0.05) and promoted apoptosis (11.30 ± 0.24 vs 37.25 ± 1.57, P < 0.01)of nephroblastoma cells in vitro.Luciferase reporter gene analysis confirmed that LINC01006 bound directly to miR-148a-3p, which targets MEOX2 gene.Overexpression of LINC01006 obviously inhibited the expression of miR-148a-3p (1.07±0.02 vs 0.32±0.03, P < 0.01), while inhibiting miR-148a-3p promoted the expression of MEOX2 (P < 0.01)and inhibited the activation of the PI3K /Akt signaling pathway (P < 0.05).Compared with the cells transfected with pcDNA- LINC01006, the cells co-transfected with LINC01006 and miR-148a-3p exhibited a lowered expression of MEOX2 (P < 0.01) with enhanced activity of PI3K /Akt signaling pathway (P < 0.01), significantly increased cell viability, proliferation and invasion (P < 0.01), and decreased cell apoptosis (P < 0.01).Overexpression of LINC01006 in the tumor cells significantly inhibited the growth of the transplanted tumors in nude mice (P < 0.01). Conclusion LINC01006 can directly interact with miR-148a-3p to down-regulate the expression of the latter, thus blocking the activity of MEOX2 /PI3K /Akt pathway to inhibit the proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of nephroblastoma cells.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and other salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are rare tumors where application of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) and PSMA radioligand therapy have yet to be studied extensively. This review explores the role of PSMA PET imaging and therapy as a theranostic tool for ACC and other SGCs based on current literature. A comprehensive literature search on PubMed and Embase was performed. All relevant studies containing information on PSMA PET imaging in ACC and SGC were included. Ten studies (one prospective, three retrospective, five case reports and one review paper) were included. For ACC, the mean maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) for local recurrence and distant metastases ranged from 2.41 to 13.8 and 2.04 to 14.9, respectively. In SGC, the meanSUVmax ranged from 1.2–12.50. Most studies observed PSMA expression positivity on immunohistochemistry (IHC) when there was PSMA PET uptake. PSMA PET was able to detect lesions not detected on standard imaging. Despite the small number of studies and wide intra-patient and inter-tumor variation of PSMA uptake in ACC and SGC, 68Gallium (68Ga)-PSMA PET has promising prospects as a diagnostic and radioligand therapeutic option. Further studies to answer the various theranostics considerations are required to guide its use in the real-world setting.

Abstract The movement of water into soil is the primary driving force in nutrient transport for crops, and the laws governing this movement can be affected by crop roots and plough pans. The main objectives of this study were to monitor the movement of water during rain along a soil profile influenced by soybean roots and a plough pan and to assess whether these factors influenced the efficacy of using the Richards equation to simulate the transport of soil water along a profile associated with a single rain. Experiments and model simulations were carried out. Our results suggested that the soybean field soil may have had preferential flow paths. Soybean stems and leaves transferred rainwater that otherwise would have fallen farther from the central stalk. The transmission of rainwater by the branches and leaves had a larger effect than the interception of rainwater by the branches and leaves. The effect of the root system on the soil particles may increase soil capillary action and ultimately increase saturated hydraulic conductivity. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was higher near the surface than at depth, because the transmission of water by the root system and the effect of large gaps were greater in the soil near the surface. Saturated hydraulic conductivity for both bare land and land covered with soybean plants decreased linearly from depths of 0–15 cm along the soil profile, particularly in the presence of a plough pan. We developed a linear equation to represent the variation in saturated hydraulic conductivity in the 0–15-cm layer in the black soil area of northeastern China. Using our linear model for saturated hydraulic conductivity as a parameter, the Richards equation more accurately simulated soil water transport along a profile influenced by soybean roots and a plough pan in rainy conditions.