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Disruption of neuronal iron homeostasis and oxidative stress are closely related to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Ginkgetin, a natural biflavonoid isolated from leaves ofGinkgo bilobaL, has many known effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-influenza virus, and anti-fungal activities, but its underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective effects in PD remains unclear. The present study utilized PD models induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to explore the neuroprotective ability of ginkgetinin vivoandin vitro. Our results showed that ginkgetin could provide significant protection from MPP+-induced cell damagein vitroby decreasing the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential. Meanwhile, ginkgetin dramatically inhibited cell apoptosis induced by MPP+ through the caspase-3 and Bcl2/Bax pathway. Moreover, ginkgetin significantly improved sensorimotor coordination in a mouse PD model induced by MPTP by dramatically inhibiting the decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra and superoxide dismutase activity in the striatum. Interestingly, ginkgetin could strongly chelate ferrous ion and thereby inhibit the increase of the intracellular labile iron pool through downregulating L-ferritin and upregulating transferrin receptor 1. These results indicate that the neuroprotective mechanism of ginkgetin against neurological injury induced by MPTP occurs via regulating iron homeostasis. Therefore, ginkgetin may provide neuroprotective therapy for PD and iron metabolism disorder related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the association between metabolically healthy obesity and the incident risk of stroke in people aged ≥40 years from rural areas of Henan Province. Methods: During 2007 to 2008, 20 194 residents aged ≥18 years were selected for baseline examination by random cluster sampling and 17 265 participants were followed up during 2013 to 2014. According to the aim of current study, a total of 11 864 eligible subjects were included in this post-hoc analysis. Depending on body mass index and metabolic status, subjects were divided into four groups: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically abnormal normal weight and metabolically abnormal obesity. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and the risk of stroke. Results: The median ( Q 1 , Q 3 ) age of study participants was 54(46, 61) years, and 4 526 participants were men. During the mean follow-up of 6 years, the cumulative incidence of stroke was 7.16%. The incidence of stroke in metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically abnormal normal weight, and metabolically abnormal obesity were 3.73%, 4.61%, 8.99% and 9.38%, respectively (χ²=117.458, P <0.001). After adjusting possible confounding factors, compared with metabolically healthy normal weight, the risk of stroke was significantly increased in the metabolically healthy obesity group, metabolically abnormal normal weight group and metabolically abnormal obesity group with the odds ratio ( OR ) and 95% confidence interval ( CI ) of 1.52(1.10-2.12), 2.11(1.61-2.77) and 2.78(2.18-3.55), respectively. Stratified analysis showed that the risk of stroke was significantly higher in metabolically healthy obesity people aged 40-59 years compared with metabolically healthy normal weight group ( OR =2.12, 95% CI : 1.36-3.30). Conclusion: Metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically abnormal normal weight and metabolically abnormal obesity are positively associated with the risk of stroke.

Objective: To analysis the expression of CD7 in NK/T-cell lymphoma as well as study the correlations between CD7 and clinical survival and prognosis. Methods: The clinical and pathological indicators of 112 NKTCL patients who were admitted to or consulted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between May 2008 and December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The CD7 expression in the tumor tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry staining, and the influence of CD7 expression on the survival and prognosis in the patients was analyzed. Results: The CD7 expression rate was 84.82% in 112 NKTCL patients, and its expression was not influenced by sex, age, and the primary site. An analysis of the complete clinical data of 72 patients showed that the CD7 expression was significantly correlated with the PINK score, tumor metastasis, and peripheral blood EBV-DNA level. However, the Ann Arbor stage, bone marrow involvement, B symptoms, IPI/aaIPI score, Ki-67, EBER, TIA-1, Granzyme B, LDH, and β(2)-MG were not associated with the CD7 expression. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of the 72 patients were 81.2%, 61.8%, and 58.8%, respectively, and the progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 53.5%, 29.4%, and 24.0%, respectively. The median overall survival (median-OS, mOS) was 81 mon, and the median progression-free survival (median-PFS, mPFS) was 14 mon. The 3-year OS rates in the CD7-positive group and the CD7-negative group were 58.1% and 83.9%, respectively, ( P >0.05) . The 3-year PFS rates were 21.7% and 51.9%, respectively ( P <0.05) . The univariate analysis showed that age, primary tumor site, Ann Arbor stage, IPI/aaIPI score, PINK score, LDH, β(2)-microglobulin, EBV-DNA, Ki-67, and CD7 influenced patient prognosis. The multivariate analysis showed that Ann Arbor stage and CD7 were independent prognostic factors for PFS, while PINK score and Ki-67 were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions: The expression rate of CD7 in NKTCL was high and was closely related to poor patient prognosis. The patients with high levels of EBV-DNA, metastatic disease, or high PINK score were more likely to express CD7.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and prognostic factors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) . Methods: The clinical records of 33 ALCL patients after HSCT were collected and analyzed retrospectively to evaluate the rates of overall survival (OS) and recurrence after autologous (auto-HSCT) and allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) and the factors influencing prognosis. Results: The median-age of this cohort of 33 ALCL cases at diagnosis was 31 (12-57) years old with a male/female ratio of 23/10, 24 cases (72.7%) were ALK(+) and 9 ones (27.3%) ALK(-). Of them, 25 patients (19 ALK(+) and 6 ALK(-)) underwent auto-HSCT and 8 cases (5 ALK(+) and 3ALK(-)) allo-HSCT with a median follow-up of 18.7 (4.0-150.0) months. Disease states before HSCT were as follows: only 6 patients achieved CR status and received auto-HSCT, 16 patients achieved PR (14 cases by auto-HSCT and 2 ones allo-HSCT) , the rest 11 cases were refractory/relapse (5 cases by auto-HSCT and 6 ones allo-HSCT) . There were 7 cases died of disease progression (5 after auto-HSCT and 2 allo-HSCT) and 5 cases treatment-related mortality (TRM) (2 after auto-HSCT and 3 allo-HSCT) , TRM of two groups were 8.0% and 37.5%, respectively. Both the median progression-free survival (PFS) and OS were 15 months after auto-HSCT, the median PFS and OS after allo-HSCT were 3.7 (1.0-90.0) and 4.6 (1.0-90.0) months, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of survival curves between the two groups (OS and PFS, P =0.247 and P =0.317) . The 2-year OS rates in auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT groups were 72% and 50%, respectively. The 5-year OS rates in auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT groups were 36% and 25%, respectively. Conclusion: ALCL treated by chemotherapy produced high rates of overall and complete responses. Chemotherapy followed by auto-HSCT remained to be good choice for patients with poor prognostic factors. High-risk patients should be considered more beneficial from allo-HSCT.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) who had undergone allogeneic hematological stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: From June 2007 to June 2017, the clinical data of PTCL patients who underwent HSCT from eight hospitals were assessed retrospectively. Results: There were 23 patients diagnosed as relapsed or refractory PTCL with chemoresistance who underwent allo-HSCT. Among these patients, 18 were identified as progressive disease (PD) status and 5 patients as stable disease (SD) status before allo-HSCT. Seventeen patients received allo-HSCT from matched sibling donor (MSD),2 patients from matched unrelated donor and 4 patients from related haplo-identical donor (HD). After a median follow-up of 29 months, 21 patients survived longer than 28 days after allo-HSCT. Hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved in 20 of the 21 patients. The median time of myeloid and platelet engraftment were+13 (9-22) d and+16(10-38) d, respectively. The 100-d treatment-related mortality rate was 13.1%. Acute GVHD occurred in 11(47.8%) patients at a median time of 22(6-82) d after transplantation. Grade Ⅱ~Ⅳ aGVHD occurred in 6 patients. Chronic GVHD occurred in 10 patients at a median of 7.9 (3.5-27) months. After a median follow-up of 29 months, 13 patients died after HSCT. Four of them died of complications associated with allo-HSCT, and other 9 patients died of the primary lymphoma. The 3-years cumulative overall survival (OS) and progress-free survival (PFS) were 43.03% (95 %CI : 29.79-69.16) and 39.13% (95 %CI : 23.50-65.14), respectively. No significant difference was found in the 3-year PFS between patients with PD status and SD status before allo-HSCT ( P= 0.133). Conclusion: Allo-HSCT can be a promising treatment for relapsed or refractory PTCL with chemoresistance.

Objective: To evaluate clinical outcomes of autologous (auto-HSCT) and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) . Methods: From June 2007 to June 2017, clinical data of AITL patients who underwent HSCT in eight hospitals were assessed retrospectively. Results: Of 19 patients, 13 male and 6 female with a median age of 50 (32-60) years old, 12 auto-HSCT and 7 allo-HSCT recipients were enrolled in this study, all donors were HLA-identical siblings. Two of allo-HSCT recipients were relapsed auto-HSCT ones. There were 5 patients (5/12) in complete response (CR) status and 7 (7/12) in partial remission (PR) status before transplantation in auto-HSCT group, and 2 (2/7) in PR status and 3 (3/7) in progression disease (PD) status before transplantation in allo-HSCT group. The median follow-up for the surviving patients was 46.5 months (range, 1-100 months) for the whole series, two patients lost in auto-HSCT group. Three patients developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and 5 chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after allo-HSCT. Three patients died of primary disease and 1bleeding in auto-HSCT group. One patient died of primary disease and 2 transplantation-related mortality in allo-HSCT group. The 3-year cumulative overall survival (OS) were 56% (95% CI 32%-100%) and 57% (95% CI 30%-100%) for auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT, respectively ( P =0.979) . The 3-year cumulative progression-free survival (PFS) were 34% (95% CI 14%-85%) and 57% (95% CI 30%-100%) for auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT, respectively ( P =0.451) . Conclusion: Both auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT were optimal choices for AITL. In clinical practice, which HSCT was better for AITL patients should be based on comprehensive factors including sensitivity to chemotherapy, risk stratification and disease status at transplantation.

Glioma is a serious life-threatening disease, the pathogenesis of which remains to be investigated. The objective of the present investigation was to explore the expression and clinical significance of tumor suppressor gene (P53), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in glioma. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to study the clinical characteristics of 40 samples from glioma patients, detect the expression of and analyse the relationship between P53, MGMT and EGFR and glioma. The results demonstrated that the positive expression rate of P53 was 47.5% in 40 cases of glioma samples, of which the expression of P53 in the high grade glioma was higher than that of the low grade samples (P < 0.05); the positive expression rate of MGMT was 37.5%, but there was no significant significance of MGMT expression between the high grade glioma and the low grade glioma (P >0.05); the positive expression rate of EGFR was 55%, of which the expression of EGFR of the high grade glioma was higher than that of the low grade glioma (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expressions of P53, MGMT and EGFR in the glioma patients of different ages, gender and with different tumor sizes. The expressions of P53 and MGMT were negatively correlated (P<0.05). The expressions of P53 and EGFR were positively correlated (P<0.05). In conclusion, P53, EGFR and MGMT could play a role in the occurrence, development and deterioration of glioma.