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1. The Radcliffe Wave as traced by young open clusters: Stellar parameters, activity indicators, and abundances of solar-type members of eight young clusters

Author

Alonso-Santiago, J., Frasca, A., Bragaglia, A., Catanzaro, G., Fu, X., Andreuzzi, G., Magrini, L., Lucatello, S., Vallenari, A., and Jian, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The Radcliffe Wave has only recently been recognised as a about 3 kpc long coherent gas structure encompassing most of the star forming regions in the solar vicinity. Since its discovery, it has been mainly studied from the perspective of dynamics, but a detailed chemical study is necessary to understand its nature and the composition of the natal clouds that gave rise to it. In this paper we used some of the connected young open clusters (age $\lesssim$ 100 Myr) as tracers of the molecular clouds. We performed high-resolution spectroscopy with GIARPS at the TNG of 53 stars that are bona fide members of seven clusters located at different positions along the Radcliffe Wave. We provide radial velocities and atmospheric parameters for all of them. For a subsample consisting of 41 FGK stars we also studied the chromospheric activity and the content of Li, from which we inferred the age of the parent clusters. These values agree with the evolutionary ages reported in the literature. For these FGK stars we determined the chemical abundances for 25 species. Pleiades, ASCC 16 and NGC 7058 exhibit a solar metallicity while Melotte 20, ASCC 19, NGC 2232, and Roslund 6 show a slightly subsolar value ($\approx-$0.1 dex). On average, the clusters show a chemical composition compatible with that of the Sun, especially for $\alpha$- and Fe-peak elements. Neutron-capture elements, on the other hand, present a slight overabundance of about 0.2 dex, specially barium. Finally, considering also ASCC 123, studied by our group in a previous research, we infer a correlation between the chemical composition and the age or position of the clusters along the Wave, demonstrating their physical connection within an inhomogeneous mixing scenario., Comment: 37 pages, 19 figures and 15 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2024

2. A combined study of thermohaline mixing and envelope overshooting with PARSEC: Calibration to NGC 6397 and M4

Author

Nguyen, C. T., Bressan, A., Korn, A. J., Cescutti, G., Costa, G., Addari, F., Girardi, L., Fu, X., Chen, Y., and Marigo, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Thermohaline mixing is one of the main processes in low-mass red giant stars that affect the transport of chemicals and, thus, the surface abundances along the evolution. The interplay of thermohaline mixing with other processes, such as the downward overshooting from the convective envelope, should be carefully investigated. This study aims to understand the combined effects of thermohaline mixing and envelope overshooting. After implementing the thermohaline mixing process in the \textsc{parsec} stellar evolutionary code, we compute tracks and isochrones (with \textsc{trilegal} code) and compare them with observational data. To constrain the efficiencies of both processes, we perform a detailed modelling that is suitable for globular clusters NGC 6397 and M4. Our results indicate that an envelope overshooting efficiency parameter, $\Lambda_\mathrm{e}=0.6$, and a thermohaline efficiency parameter, $\alpha_\mathrm{th}=50$, are necessary to reproduce the RGB bump magnitudes and lithium abundances observed in these clusters. We find that both envelope overshooting and thermohaline mixing have a significant impact on the variation of $^7$Li abundances. Additionally, we also explore the effects of adopting solar-scaled or $\alpha$-enhanced mixtures on our models. The $^{12}$C and the $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C ratio are also effective indicators to probe extra mixing in RGB stars. Although, their usefulness is currently limited by the lack of precise and accurate C-isotopes abundances., Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures

Published
2024

3. Self-assembly behaviour of diblock copolymer-diblock copolymer under oscillating shear field

Author

Guo, Y., He, H., and Fu, X.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

The self-assembly behaviour of a diblock copolymer-diblock copolymer mixture under an oscillating shear field is investigated via cell dynamics simulation. The results indicate that the macrophase separation of the composite system is accompanied by the corresponding microphase separation induced by the oscillating shear field. With an increase in the shear frequency, the AB phase changes from a tilted layered structure to a parallel layered structure, and finally to a vertical layered structure. The CD phase transforms from the initial concentric ring into a parallel layer in the ring and then into a parallel layered structure; thus, the system finally forms a layered structure of the AB phase (vertical layer) and CD phase (parallel layer) perpendicular to each other. To verify the phase transition, the dynamic evolution of the domain size at different shear frequencies is analysed. The ordered phase transition with an increase in the oscillating shear field varies when the initial composition ratio of the system is changed. This conclusion provides a valuable guidance for the formation and transformation of ordered structures in experiments., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures

Published
2024
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4. Non-Equilibrium and Self-Organization Evolution in Hot-Spot Ignition Processes

Author

Fu, X. -Y., Guo, Z. -Y., Wang, Q. -H., Wang, R. -C., Wu, D., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Due to disparate formation mechanisms, as for central hot-spot ignition and fast ignition, the initial temperatures of electron and ions usually differs from each other in the hot spot. Considering the percipient dependence of fusion cross-section and energy losses on temperature, this difference manifests the inadequacy of the equilibrium theoretical model in accurately depicting the ignition condition and evolution of the hot-spot. In this work, we studied a non-equilibrium model and extended this model to both isobaric and isochoric scenarios, characterized by varying hot-spot densities, temperatures and expansion velocities. In both cases, a spontaneous self-organization evolution was observed, manifesting as the bifurcation of ion and electron temperatures. Notably, the ion temperature is particularly prominent during the ignition process. This inevitability can be traced to the preponderant deposition rates of alpha-particles into D-T ions and the decreasing rate of energy exchange between electrons and D-T ions at elevated temperatures. The inherent structure, characterized by higher ion temperature and lower electron temperature during ignition, directly contributes to the augmentation of D-T reactions and mitigates energy losses through electron conduction and bremsstrahlung, thereby naturally facilitating nuclear fusions., Comment: The junior undergraduate students, X.-Y. Fu, Z.-Y. Guo, Q.-H. Wang, and R.-C. Wang, all contributed equally to this work

Published
2024

7. Performance of FPGA controller in ISAC-1 accelerator chain

Author

Fong, K., Fu, X., Zheng, Q. W., Au, T., Leewe, R., TRIUMF, V6T2A3, Vancouver, and Canada

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The LLRF of five of TRIUMF's ISAC-1 accelerator cavities have been replaced by 3 similar FPGA based system with different operating frequencies. These LLRF use internal digital phase locked loops for frequency generation and synchronization, feedback control using Amplitude/Phase regulations. These FPGAs also have internal stepper motor controller for resonance control. Various modes of resonance control are possible, including phase comparison and minimum seeking slide-mode control. Operational performances including frequency generation and synchronization, amplitude and phase noises, tuning speeds, compatibility to original remote controls, are reported., Comment: Poster presented at LLRF Workshop 2023 (LLRF2023, arXiv: 2310.03199)

Published
2023

8. Prevention of Melasma During Pregnancy: Risk Factors and Photoprotection-Focused Strategies

Author

Zhao L, Fu X, and Cheng H

Subjects
melasma, pregnancy, risk factors, prevention, photoprotection, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Leilei Zhao,1 Xinmeng Fu,2 Hongbin Cheng3 1School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Boao Yiling Life Care Center, Qionghai, Hainan Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hongbin Cheng, Email chenghongbin@cdutcm.edu.cnAbstract: Melasma is a benign but emotionally distressing skin condition that reduces patients’ quality of life, with prevalence rates during pregnancy ranging from 36.4% to 75%. Troublingly, up to 30% of cases are reported to persist after delivery, even ten years later. And recurrence and aggravation are common in subsequent pregnancies. This review examines the risk factors and mechanisms associated with melasma during pregnancy and summarized corresponding preventive strategies. We emphasize the critical role of photoprotection, including the use of sunscreens from the first trimester, in reducing the incidence of melasma.Keywords: melasma, pregnancy, risk factors, prevention, photoprotection

Published
2024

9. Clinical Outcomes of Diabetes Mellitus on Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis and Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Author

Xu J, Xu M, Gao X, Liu J, Sun J, Ling R, Zhao X, Fu X, Mo S, and Tian Y

Subjects
acute pancreatitis, diabetes, propensity score matching, predictive model, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Jiale Xu,&ast; Musen Xu,&ast; Xin Gao, Jiahang Liu, Jingchao Sun, Ruiqi Ling, Xuchen Zhao, Xifeng Fu, Shaojian Mo, Yanzhang Tian Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yanzhang Tian, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, No. 99, Longcheng Street, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Phone/Fax +86-13903512030, Email tyz2030@163.comObjective: To analyze the influence of diabetes mellitus on the clinical outcomes of moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with MSAP and SAP at Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Clinical data were collected, including patient demographics, 24-hour laboratory indicators, and inflammation indices. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare outcomes before and after matching. Patients were randomized into training and validation sets (7:3) to develop and validate a clinical prediction model for infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN).Results: Among 421 patients, 79 had diabetes at admission. Before PSM, diabetic patients had higher incidences of peripancreatic fluid (71% vs 47%, p< 0.001) and IPN (48% vs 10%, p< 0.001), higher surgical intervention rates (24% vs 12%, p=0.008), and significant differences in abdominocentesis (22% vs 11%, p=0.014). After PSM, 174 patients were matched, and the diabetes group still showed higher incidences of peripancreatic fluid (69% vs 47%, p=0.008), IPN (48% vs 11%, p< 0.001), and surgical intervention rates (27% vs 13%, p=0.037). Diabetes, modified CT severity index (MCTSI), serum calcium, and HDL-c were identified as independent risk factors for IPN. The prediction model demonstrated good predictive value.Conclusion: In MSAP and SAP patients, diabetes mellitus can exert an influence on their clinical outcome and is an independent risk factor for IPN. The alignment diagram and web calculator constructed on the basis of diabetes mellitus, modified CT severity index (MCTSI), serum calcium and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) have good predictive value and clinical guidance for the occurrence of IPN in MSAP and SAP.Keywords: acute pancreatitis, diabetes, propensity score matching, predictive model

Published
2024

10. A Pilot HRCT Follow-Up Study to Test the Feasibility of Predictive Efficacy of Serum Periostin in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Author

Liu M, Cheng ZJ, Chen J, Li H, Xue M, Fu X, Li Y, Wang J, You C, Hu H, Wu H, Huang H, and Sun B

Subjects
periostin, krebs von den lungen-6, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hrct fibrosis score, diagnostic hematology, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Mingtao Liu,1,&ast; Zhangkai J Cheng,1,&ast; Jiaxi Chen,2,&ast; Haiyang Li,1,3 Mingshan Xue,4,5 Xing Fu,1 Yanjun Li,2 Jiaxin Wang,2 Chenwei You,2 Haisheng Hu,1 Haojie Wu,1 Huimin Huang,1 Baoqing Sun1,4 1Department of Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China; 2KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511495, People’s Republic of China; 3MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK; 4Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, People’s Republic of China; 5Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Baoqing Sun; Huimin Huang, Department of Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13824124015 ; +86 13631496651, Email sunbaoqing@vip.163.com; huanghuimin311@126.comBackground: While serum periostin and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) have been acknowledged as independent markers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis, the clinical combinatory potential of these biomarkers combined with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has yet to be fully explored.Methods: This retrospective study involved 78 participants, comprising 51 UIP-IPF patients and 27 healthy controls. All subjects underwent clinical and laboratory examinations, particularly the detection of periostin and KL-6 using ELISA with innovative HRCT fibrosis score evaluations at admission and discharge during hospitalization in UIP-IPF patients.Results: In our cohort of patients with IPF, predominantly male, over an average follow-up period of 195.27 days. Serum levels of periostin and KL-6 were significantly elevated in IPF patients compared to healthy controls (&ast;p < 0.05). Post-treatment, KL-6 levels decreased significantly, while periostin levels increased. Notably, periostin exhibited superior prognostic accuracy over KL-6, with a higher AUC of 0.875 than 0.639 in ROC analysis. An increase in periostin levels correlated with disease progression, as evidenced by worsened HRCT fibrotic scores and decreased survival probability. These findings underscore periostin’s potential as a reliable biomarker for assessing IPF severity and therapeutic response.Conclusion: Our findings underscore the preeminence of serum periostin over KL-6 in UIP-IPF diagnosis, particularly when conjoined with HRCT fibrosis score.Keywords: periostin, Krebs von den Lungen-6, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, HRCT fibrosis score, diagnostic hematology

Published
2024

11. TIC 43152097. The first eclipsing binary in NGC 2232

Author

Frasca, A., Alonso-Santiago, J., Catanzaro, G., Bragaglia, A., D'Orazi, V., Fu, X., Vallenari, A., and Andreuzzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report the discovery of a low-mass totally eclipsing system in the young (age$\simeq$28 Myr) open cluster NGC2232, during a scrutiny of their TESS light curves. The follow-up study of this detached system, TIC 43152097, is based on photometry and high-resolution spectra from the literature and purposely collected. The radial velocity of the center of mass, as well as the photospheric lithium abundance of the binary components, confirm its membership to NGC2232. By analyzing the existing photometric and spectroscopic data, we obtain orbital elements and fundamental stellar parameters for the two stars. The primary component of TIC 43152097 is a late F-type dwarf (Teff = 6070 K), while the lower-mass secondary results to be a late K-type star (Teff = 4130 K) that is still in the pre-main-sequence phase. The precise measurements of radii, masses, and effective temperatures, enabled by the simultaneous solution of light and radial velocity curves, indicate radius inflation for the K-type component, which turns out to be 7-11 % larger than predicted by standard evolutionary models. More sophisticated models incorporating both inhibition of convective energy transport caused by sub-photospheric magnetic fields and the effects by cool starspots covering a substantial fraction of the stellar surface (30-60 %) allow reproducing the position of the secondary component in the Hertzsprung-Russell and Mass-Radius diagrams., Comment: 11 pages, 15 figures; accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2023
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12. Cosmological constraints from Type I radio-loud quasars

Author

Huang, L., Tu, Z. Y., Chang, N., Song, F. F., He, F., and Fu, X. Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We obtain a new sample of 1192 Type I quasars with the UV-optical, radio and X-ray wavebands coverage by combining \citet{Huang2022} and other matching data of SDSS-DR16 with FIRST, XMM-Newton, and Chandra Source Catalog, and a sample of 407 flat-spectrum radio-loud quasars (FSRLQs) of blazars from the Roma-BZCAT, which can be used to investigate their multi-band luminosity correlations and measure the luminosity distances of these Type I radio-loud quasars (RLQs) samples. We check the correlation between X-ray, UV-optical, and radio luminosity for various groupings of radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and RLQs by parameterizing X-ray luminosity as a sole function of UV-optical or radio luminosity and as a joint function of UV-optical radio luminosity, which also can be employed to determine these cosmological distances. By Bayesian information criterion (BIC), the data suggest that the X-ray luminosity of RQQs is indirectly correlative with radio luminosity because of the connection between UV-optical and radio luminosity. But for RLQs, the X-Ray luminosity is directly related to radio luminosity, and the correlations between X-ray, optical/UV, and radio luminosity increase with the ratio of monochromatic luminosities logR. Meanwhile, we compare the results from RLQs with different UV-optical power law index ${\Gamma _{UV}}$, the goodness of fit for RLQs with ${\Gamma _{UV}}\le 1.6$ seems to be better. Finally, we apply a combination of Type I RLQs and SN Ia Pantheon to verify the nature of dark energy concerning whether or not its density deviates from the constant, and give the statistical results., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.08390

Published
2023

13. TaqMan qPCR and IgM Detection in Samples of Patients with Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection in Northeast China

Author

Yu M, Fu X, Zhu Y, Li M, Wu M, Zhou E, Dong H, Wang L, Wang R, Liu F, Jiang C, Kong X, and Su W

Subjects
tick-borne encephalitis, tbe, tick-borne encephalitis virus, tbev, taqman qpcr, igm., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Menghan Yu,1 Xiaoshu Fu,1 Yanli Zhu,2 Miao Li,3 Min Wu,1 Entong Zhou,1 Hanwen Dong,1 Likun Wang,1 Ruoxi Wang,4 Fang Liu,2 Chunlai Jiang,1 Xiangwei Kong,5 Weiheng Su1,6 1National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2People’s Hospital of Jiangyuan District, Baishan, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 6Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Weiheng Su, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China, Email suweiheng@jlu.edu.cn Xiangwei Kong, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, People’s Republic of China, Email tenbpro@163.comPurpose: Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infections result in severe central nervous system diseases in humans across Asia and Europe. In China, cases of tick-borne encephalitis are primarily caused by the Far East subtype of TBEV, which exhibits a distinct disease course compared to other extensively studied subtypes. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the nucleic acid and serological diagnostic characteristics of patients infected with the TBEV in China, which is the focus of investigation in the present study.Methods: This study established a TaqMan qPCR approach to detect TBEV RNA in the serum with optimal specificity, sensitivity, and precision. Using TaqMan qPCR and ELISA assay for TBEV IgM detection, serum samples from 63 hospitalized patients bitten by ticks in Northeast China were investigated for diagnostic characteristics.Results: Twenty-five patients were positive for viral RNA; nineteen patients were positive for IgM, and nine were positive for both viral RNA and IgM. Through comparative analysis, TBEV RNA copies were negatively correlated with the virus incubation period. IgM levels were positively correlated with the clinical symptom scores of patients. The severity of clinical symptoms and the length after the tick bite could be used to predict the IgM occurrence. Furthermore, IgM levels and viral RNA copies were not correlated in double-positive patients.Conclusion: Both nucleic acid and serological detection methods exhibited distinct windows for detecting TBEV infection, with some overlap, and were associated with specific correlated factors. This study provided novel insights into the diagnosis and course of TBEV-induced tick-borne encephalitis in China.Keywords: tick-borne encephalitis, TBE, tick-borne encephalitis virus, TBEV, TaqMan qPCR, IgM

Published
2024

14. The Causal Relationship Between Physical Activity and Skin Cancer Risk: An Univariable Mendelian Randomization Study

Author

Fu X, Zeng F, Li L, Liu G, Zhong Q, and Chen S

Subjects
skin cancer, physical activity, mendelian randomization, causal relationship, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Xiaoming Fu,1 Fuhai Zeng,2 Linling Li,1 Guoquan Liu,1 Qing Zhong,3 Shouwan Chen1 1Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Science and Technology, The People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shouwan Chen, Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, No. 180 Hospital Road, Jianyang, Sichuan, 641400, People’s Republic of China, Email drshouwang@163.comBackground: The existing observational research on the relationship between physical activity (PA) and skin cancer (SC) is contentious, which points to the intricate nature of their association and underscores the imperative for more nuanced research to untangle the causal dynamics at play. The aim of this article is to delve deeper into this complex relationship, seeking to clarify whether PA serves as a protective factor against SC, or contributes to its risk.Methods: We utilized data from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PA from GWAS Catalog (include self-reported moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), self-reported vigorous PA (VPA), and accelerometer-based average-accelerated PA). The data of SC is from FinnGen. All of the participants are of European ancestry. We used two-sample Mendelian Randomization (TSMR) to analyze the causal relationship between PA and SC.The research was conducted using inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary approach, and MR Egger regression as supplementary analytical method. To ensure the robustness of the results, Cochran’s Q-test and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) global tests were used to measure sensitivity.Results: Our analysis indicated that average-accelerated PA was associated with an increased risk of SC (ORIVW = 0.94, 95% CI 0.93– 0.96, P

Published
2024

15. Screening Preeclampsia Genes and the Effects of CITED2 on Trophoblastic Function

Author

Lu X, Lan X, Fu X, Li J, Wu M, Xiao L, and Zeng Y

Subjects
preeclampsia, cited2, placenta, cell function, bioinformatics, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Xiujing Lu,&ast; Xi Lan,&ast; Xiaoqian Fu, Jing Li, Min Wu, Lu Xiao, Yachang Zeng Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yachang Zeng, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China, Email zengyachang@163.comPurpose: Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of obstetrics and represents a significant challenge in terms of understanding its underlying mechanism. It has been shown that a number of disorders involve dysregulation of the CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid/aspartic acid-rich carboxyl-terminal domain 2 (CITED2). However, the relationship between PE and CITED2 is still mostly unclear. This work aimed to confirm the hub genes linked to PE and explore the roles of CITED2 in trophoblast using experimental and bioinformatic methods.Methods: To determine the hub genes, bioinformatics research was performed on two datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database. Immune infiltration analysis and enrichment analysis were also used to identify the related pathways and immune cells. PCR and WB were then used to validate the mRNA and protein levels of CITED2 in the PE samples. Finally, the expression of CITED2 was knocked down using siRNA to investigate the function of CITED2 in trophoblast development in vitro.Results: The study’s findings showed that the NOTCH signaling pathways, glycolysis, and hypoxia were the main areas of enrichment for the six PE-related genes that were tested. The results of immune infiltration suggest that activated NK cells and regulatory T cells may play an important role in this process. CITED2 was significantly upregulated in the PE placenta. In functional tests, the knockdown of CITED2 may enhance apoptosis while suppressing migration, invasion, and proliferation of cells.Conclusion: This study offers important proof that CITED2 influences trophoblast cell function and may one day be a therapeutic target for PE.Keywords: preeclampsia, CITED2, placenta, cell function, bioinformatics

Published
2024

16. Aberrant Splicing of COL4A5 Intronic Variant Contribute to the Pathogenesis of X-Linked Alport Syndrome: A Case Series

Author

Li Y, Yan X, Luo Z, Fu X, Li Z, Xu Q, Chen J, Yang J, and Lu D

Subjects
alport syndrome, col4a5, whole exome sequencing, mrna splicing, case series, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Yang Li,1 Xue Yan,2 Zhen Luo,1 Xianxian Fu,1 Zhongju Li,1 Qiuzhu Xu,3 Juanjuan Chen,1 Jingmin Yang,2,4,5 Daru Lu4,5 1Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Hainan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medicine, Shanghai WeHealth Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Central Supply Service Department, Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital, Hainan, People’s Republic of China; 4NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning, Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 5State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jingmin Yang; Daru Lu, Email jingmin.yang@we-health.vip; Email drlu@fudan.edu.cnIntroduction: X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) is caused by pathogenic variants in COL4A5 which lead to abnormalities of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) structural and is characterized by progressive kidney disease, hearing loss, and ocular abnormalities. The aim of this study was to identify gene mutations in a Chinese family with XLAS by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and verified the pathogenicity of the mutation in vitro experiments.Case Presentation: A five-generation pedigree with a total of 49 family members originating from Hainan province of China was investigated in this study. The proband was a 23-year-old male who developed microscopic hematuria, proteinuria and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) at age 17. WES identified a novel splicing mutation c.321+5G>A of COL4A5, which cause exon skip. Further co-segregation analysis confirmed that this mutation exists in relatives who had renal abnormalities using Sanger sequencing. According to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines (ACMG), the mutation was determined to be of uncertain significance (VUS). In vitro splicing experiments have shown that the COL4A5 variant induces aberrant mRNA splicing and transcript deletion.Conclusion: We identified a novel intronic COL4A5 pathogenic mutation (c.321+5G>A) in a Chinese XLAS family and described the phenotypes of affected relatives. This study expands the mutation spectrum of COL4A5 gene in XLAS and demonstrates the importance of gene screening for AS.Keywords: Alport syndrome, COL4A5, whole exome sequencing, mRNA splicing, case series

Published
2024

17. Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG. alpha-elements, lithium, sodium and aluminum in 16 open clusters

Author

Zhang, R., Lucatello, S., Bragaglia, A., Alonso-Santiago, J., Andreuzzi, G., Casali, G., Carrera, R., Carretta, E., Orazi, V. D, Frasca, A., Fu, X., Magrini, L., Minchev, I., Origlia, L., Spina, L., and Vallenari, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Exploring the Galactic chemical evolution and enrichment scenarios with open clusters allows us to understand the history of the Milky Way disk. High-resolution spectra of OCs are a crucial tool, as they provide precise chemical information, to combine with precise distances and ages. The aim of the Stellar Population Astrophysics project is to derive homogeneous and accurate comprehensive chemical characterization of a number of poorly studied OCs.Using the HARPS-N echelle spectrograph at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, we obtained high-resolution spectra of giant stars in 18 OCs, 16 of which are chemically characterized for the first time, and two of which are well studied for comparison. The OCs in this sample have ages from a few tens of Myr to 4 Gyr, with a prevalence of young clusters. We already presented the radial velocities and atmospheric parameters for them in a previous SPA paper. Here, we present results for the alpha-elements O, and the light elements, all determined by the equivalent width method. We also measured Li abundance through the synthesis method.We discuss the behaviors of lithium, sodium and aluminum in the context of stellar evolution. We study the radial, vertical, and age trends for the measured abundance ratios in a sample that combines our results and recent literature for OCs, finding significant gradients only for [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] in all cases. Finally,we compare O and Mg in the combined sample with chemo-dynamical models, finding a good agreement for intermediate-age and old clusters. There is a sharp increase in the abundance ratios measured among very young clusters, accompanied by a poorer fit with the models for O and Mg, likely related to the inadequacy of traditional model atmospheres and methods in the derivation of atmospheric parameters and abundance ratios for stars of such young ages

Published
2022
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20. Dual-mRNA Delivery Using Tumor Cell Lysate-Based Multifunctional Nanoparticles as an Efficient Colon Cancer Immunogene Therapy

Author

Wang K, Gao Y, Wu S, Zhang J, Zhu M, Chen X, Fu X, Duan X, and Men K

Subjects
mrna gene therapy, dual-mrna delivery, tumor cell lysates, bim and il-23a mrnas, immune response, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Kaiyu Wang,1,&ast; Yan Gao,1,&ast; Shan Wu,1,&ast; Jin Zhang,1 Manfang Zhu,2 Xiayu Chen,1 Xizi Fu,1 Xingmei Duan,2 Ke Men1 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xingmei Duan, Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China, Email duanxingmei2003@163.com Ke Men, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Email mendingbob@hotmail.comBackground: Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based immunogene therapy holds significant promise as an emerging tumor therapy approach. However, the delivery efficiency of existing mRNA methods and their effectiveness in stimulating anti-tumor immune responses require further enhancement. Tumor cell lysates containing tumor-specific antigens and biomarkers can trigger a stronger immune response to tumors. In addition, strategies involving multiple gene therapies offer potential optimization paths for tumor gene treatments.Methods: Based on the previously developed ideal mRNA delivery system called DOTAP-mPEG-PCL (DMP), which was formed through the self-assembly of 1.2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) and methoxypoly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (&epsiv;-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL), we introduced a fused cell-penetrating peptide (fCPP) into the framework and encapsulated tumor cell lysates to form a novel nanovector, termed CLSV system (CLS: CT26 tumor cell lysate, V: nanovector). This system served a dual purpose of facilitating the delivery of two mRNAs and enhancing tumor immunogene therapy through tumor cell lysates.Results: The synthesized CLSV system had an average size of 241.17 nm and a potential of 39.53 mV. The CLSV system could not only encapsulate tumor cell lysates, but also deliver two mRNAs to tumor cells simultaneously, with a transfection efficiency of up to 60%. The CLSV system effectively activated the immune system such as dendritic cells to mature and activate, leading to an anti-tumor immune response. By loading Bim-encoded mRNA and IL-23A-encoded mRNA, CLSV/Bim and CLSV/IL-23A complexes were formed, respectively, to further induce apoptosis and anti-tumor immunity. The prepared CLSV/dual-mRNA complex showed significant anti-cancer effects in multiple CT26 mouse models.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the prepared CLSV system is an ideal delivery system for dual-mRNA immunogene therapy.Keywords: mRNA gene therapy, dual-mRNA delivery, tumor cell lysates, Bim and IL-23A mRNAs, immune response

Published
2024

21. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products

Author

Gilmore, G., Randich, S., Worley, C. C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Sacco, G. G., Lewis, J. R., Magrini, L., Francois, P., Jeffries, R. D., Koposov, S. E., Bragaglia, A., Alfaro, E. J., Prieto, C. Allende, Blomme, R., Korn, A. J., Lanzafame, A. C., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Van Eck, S., Zwitter, T., Bensby, T., Flaccomio, E., Irwin, M. J., Franciosini, E., Morbidelli, L., Damiani, F., Bonito, R., Friel, E. D., Vink, J. S., Prisinzano, L., Abbas, U., Hatzidimitriou, D., Held, E. V., Jordi, C., Paunzen, E., Spagna, A., Jackson, R. J., Apellaniz, J. Maiz, Asplund, M., Bonifacio, P., Feltzing, S., Binney, J., Drew, J., Ferguson, A. M. N., Micela, G., Negueruela, I., Prusti, T., Rix, H. -W., Vallenari, A., Bergemann, M., Casey, A. R., de Laverny, P., Frasca, A., Hill, V., Lind, K., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S. G., Adibekyan, V., Caffau, E., Daflon, S., Feuillet, D. K., Gebran, M., Hernandez, J. I. Gonzalez, Guiglion, G., Herrero, A., Lobel, A., Merle, T., Mikolaitis, S., Montes, D., Morel, T., Ruchti, G., Soubiran, C., Tabernero, H. M., Tautvaisiene, G., Traven, G., Valentini, M., Van der Swaelmen, M., Villanova, S., Vazquez, C. Viscasillas, Bayo, A., Biazzo, K., Carraro, G., Edvardsson, B., Heiter, U., Jofre, P., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Walton, N. A., Zaggia, S., Borsen-Koch, V. Aguirre, Alves, J., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Barklem, P. S., Barrado, D., Bellazzini, M., Berlanas, S. R., Binks, A. S., Bressan, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Casagrande, L., Casamiquela, L., Collins, R. S., D'Orazi, V., Dantas, M. L. L., Debattista, V. P., Delgado-Mena, E., Di Marcantonio, P., Drazdauskas, A., Evans, N. W., Famaey, B., Franchini, M., Fremat, Y., Fu, X., Geisler, D., Gerhard, O., Solares, E. A. Gonzalez, Grebel, E. K., Albarran, M. L. Gutierrez, Jimenez-Esteban, F., Jonsson, H., Khachaturyants, T., Kordopatis, G., Kos, J., Lagarde, N., Ludwig, H. -G., Mahy, L., Mapelli, M., Marfil, E., Martell, S. L., Messina, S., Miglio, A., Minchev, I., Moitinho, A., Montalban, J., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Morossi, C., Mowlavi, N., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, D. N. A., Nardetto, N., Ortolani, S., Paletou, F., Palous, J., Pickering, J. C., Quirrenbach, A., Fiorentin, P. Re, Read, J. I., Romano, D., Ryde, N., Sanna, N., Santos, W., Seabroke, G. M., Spina, L., Steinmetz, M., Stonkute, E., Sutorius, E., Thevenin, F., Tosi, M., Tsantaki, M., Wright, N., Wyse, R. F. G., Zoccali, M., Zorec, J., and Zucker, D. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100,000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper (arXiv:2206.02901) introduces the survey results. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202,000 spectra of 115,000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022., Comment: 38 pages. A&A in press

Published
2022
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22. PARSEC V2.0: Stellar tracks and isochrones of low and intermediate mass stars with rotation

Author

Nguyen, C. T., Costa, G., Girardi, L., Volpato, G., Bressan, A., Chen, Y., Marigo, P., Fu, X., and Goudfrooij, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a new comprehensive collection of stellar evolutionary tracks and isochrones for rotating low- and intermediate-mass stars assembled with the updated version of PARSEC V2.0. This version includes our recent calibration of the extra mixing from overshooting and rotation, as well as several improvements in nuclear reaction network, treatment of convective zones, mass loss and other physical input parameters. The initial mass of the stellar models covers the range from 0.09 $M_\odot$ to 14 $M_\odot$, for six sets of initial metallicity, from Z=0.004 to Z=0.017. Rotation is considered for stars above $\sim 1 M_\odot$ with a smooth transition between non rotating and extremely fast-rotating models, based on the initial mass. For stars more massive than $\sim 1.3~M_\odot$ the full rotation range, from low to the critical one, is considered. We adopt the solar-scaled chemical mixture by Caffau et al. with Z$_\odot$ = 0.01524. All the evolutionary phases from the pre-main-sequence to the first few thermal-pulses on the asymptotic-giant-branch or central C exhaustion, are considered. The corresponding theoretical isochrones are further derived with TRILEGAL code and are converted in several photometric systems, taking into account different inclination angles. Besides magnitudes, they also offer many other stellar observables in line with the data that are being provided by current large surveys. The new collection is fully integrated in a user friendly WEB interface for the benefit of easily performing stellar population studies., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 17 pages. 20 Figures

Published
2022
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23. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy

Author

Randich, S., Gilmore, G., Magrini, L., Sacco, G. G., Jackson, R. J., Jeffries, R. D., Worley, C. C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Vàzquez, C. Viscasillas, Franciosini, E., Lewis, J. R., Alfaro, E. J., Prieto, C. Allende, Blomme, T. Bensby R., Bragaglia, A., Flaccomio, E., François, P., Irwin, M. J., Koposov, S. E., Korn, A. J., Lanzafame, A. C., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., Smiljanic, R., Van Eck, S., Zwitter, T., Asplund, M., Bonifacio, P., Feltzing, S., Binney, J., Drew, J., Ferguson, A. M. N., Micela, G., Negueruela, I., Prusti, T., Rix, H. -W., Vallenari, A., Bayo, A., Bergemann, M., Biazzo, K., Carraro, G., Casey, A. R., Damiani, F., Frasca, A., Heiter, U., Hill, V., Jofré, P., de Laverny, P., Lind, K., Marconi, G., Martayan, C., Masseron, T., Monaco, L., Morbidelli, L., Prisinzano, L., Sbordone, L., Sousa, S. G., Zaggia, S., Adibekyan, V., Bonito, R., Caffau, E., Daflon, S., Feuillet, D. K., Gebran, M., Hernández, J. I. González, Guiglion, G., Herrero, A., Lobel, A., Apellániz, J. Maíz, Merle, T., Mikolaitis, S., Montes, D., Morel, T., Soubiran, C., Spina, L., Tabernero, H. M., Tautvaišienė, G., Traven, G., Valentini, M., Van der Swaelmen, M., Villanova, S., Wright, N. J., Abbas, U., Børsen-Koch, V. Aguirre, Alves, J., Balaguer-Núnez, L., Barklem, P. S., Barrado, D., Berlanas, S. R., Binks, A. S., Bressan, A., Capuzzo--Dolcetta, R., Casagrande, L., Casamiquela, L., Collins, R. S., D'Orazi, V., Dantas, M. L. L., Debattista, V. P., Delgado-Mena, E., Di Marcantonio, P., Drazdauskas, A., Evans, N. W., Famaey, B., Franchini, M., Frémat, Y., Friel, E. D., Fu, X., Geisler, D., Gerhard, O., Solares, E. A. González, Grebel, E. K., Albarrán, M. L. Gutiérrez, Hatzidimitriou, D., Held, E. V., Jiménez-Esteban, F., Jönsson, H., Jordi, C., Khachaturyants, T., Kordopatis, G., Kos, J., Lagarde, N., Mahy, L., Mapelli, M., Marfil, E., Martell, S. L., Messina, S., Miglio, A., Minchev, I., Moitinho, A., Montalban, J., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Morossi, C., Mowlavi, N., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, D. N. A., Nardetto, N., Ortolani, S., Paletou, F., Palouus, J., Paunzen, E., Pickering, J. C., Quirrenbach, A., Fiorentin, P. Re, Read, J. I., Romano, D., Ryde, N., Sanna, N., Santos, W., Seabroke, G. M., Spagna, A., Steinmetz, M., Stonkuté, E., Sutorius, E., Thévenin, F., Tosi, M., Tsantaki, M., Vink, J. S., Wright, N., Wyse, R. F. G., Zoccali, M., Zorec, J., Zucker, D. B., and Walton, N. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

In the last 15 years different ground-based spectroscopic surveys have been started (and completed) with the general aim of delivering stellar parameters and elemental abundances for large samples of Galactic stars, complementing Gaia astrometry. Among those surveys, the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey (GES), the only one performed on a 8m class telescope, was designed to target 100,000 stars using FLAMES on the ESO VLT (both Giraffe and UVES spectrographs), covering all the Milky Way populations, with a special focus on open star clusters. This article provides an overview of the survey implementation (observations, data quality, analysis and its success, data products, and releases), of the open cluster survey, of the science results and potential, and of the survey legacy. A companion article (Gilmore et al.) reviews the overall survey motivation, strategy, Giraffe pipeline data reduction, organisation, and workflow. The GES has determined homogeneous good-quality radial velocities and stellar parameters for a large fraction of its more than 110,000 unique target stars. Elemental abundances were derived for up to 31 elements for targets observed with UVES. Lithium abundances are delivered for about 1/3 of the sample. The analysis and homogenisation strategies have proven to be successful; several science topics have been addressed by the Gaia-ESO consortium and the community, with many highlight results achieved. The final catalogue has been released through the ESO archive at the end of May 2022, including the complete set of advanced data products. In addition to these results, the Gaia-ESO Survey will leave a very important legacy, for several aspects and for many years to come., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 30 pages, 30 figures, 4 tables

Published
2022
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24. Cognitive and psychiatric symptom trajectories 2–3 years after hospital admission for COVID-19: a longitudinal, prospective cohort study in the UK

Author

Lone, Nazir, Baillie, Kenneth, Pairo-Castineira, Erola, Avramidis, Nikos, Wain, Louise, Guillen-Guio, Beatriz, Leavy, Olivia, Jones, S, Armstrong, Lisa, Hairsine, Brigid, Henson, Helen, Kurasz, Claire, Shaw, Alison, Shenton, Liz, Dobson, Hannah, Dell, Amanda, Fairbairn, Sara, Hawkings, Nancy, Haworth, Jill, Hoare, Michaela, Lewis, Victoria, Lucey, Alice, Mallison, Georgia, Nassa, Heeah, Pennington, Chris, Price, Andrea, Price, Claire, Storrie, Andrew, Willis, Gemma, Young, Susan, Poinasamy, Krisnah, Walker, Samantha, Jarrold, Ian, Rawlik, Konrad, Sanderson, Amy, Chong-James, K, David, C, James, W Y, Pfeffer, Paul, Zongo, O, Martineau, Adrian, Manisty, C, Armour, Cherie, Brown, Vanessa, Busby, John, Connolly, Bronwen, Craig, Thelma, Drain, Stephen, Heaney, Liam, King, Bernie, Magee, Nick, Major, E, McAulay, Danny, McGarvey, Lorcan, McGinness, Jade, Peto, Tunde, Stone, Roisin, Bolger, Annette, Davies, Ffyon, Haggar, Ahmed, Lewis, Joanne, Lloyd, Arwel, Manley, R, McIvor, Emma, Menzies, Daniel, Roberts, K, Saxon, W, Southern, David, Subbe, Christian, Whitehead, Victoria, Bularga, Anda, Mills, Nicholas, Dawson, Joy, El-Taweel, Hosni, Robinson, Leanne, Brear, Lucy, Regan, Karen, Saralaya, Dinesh, Storton, Kim, Amoils, Shannon, Bermperi, Areti, Cruz, Isabel, Dempsey, K, Elmer, Anne, Fuld, Jonathon, Jones, H, Jose, Sherly, Marciniak, Stefan, Parkes, M, Ribeiro, Carla, Taylor, Jessica, Toshner, Mark, Watson, L, Worsley, J, Broad, Lauren, Evans, Teriann, Haynes, Matthew, Jones, L, Knibbs, Lucy, McQueen, Alison, Oliver, Catherine, Paradowski, Kerry, Sabit, Ramsey, Williams, Jenny, Jones, Ian, Milligan, Lea, Harris, Edward, Sampson, Claire, Davies, Ellie, Evenden, Cerys, Hancock, Alyson, Hancock, Kia, Lynch, Ceri, Rees, Meryl, Roche, Lisa, Stroud, Natalie, Thomas-Woods, T, Heller, Simon, Chalder, Trudie, Shah, Kamini, Robertson, Elizabeth, Young, Bob, Babores, Marta, Holland, Maureen, Keenan, Natalie, Shashaa, Sharlene, Wassall, Helen, Austin, Liam, Beranova, Eva, Cosier, Tracey, Deery, Joanne, Hazelton, Tracy, Price, Carly, Ramos, Hazel, Solly, Reanne, Turney, Sharon, Weston, Heather, Coughlan, Eamon, Ralser, Markus, Pearce, Lorraine, Pugmire, S, Stoker, Wendy, Wilson, Ann, McCormick, W, Fraile, Eva, Ugoji, Jacinta, Aguilar Jimenez, Laura, Arbane, Gill, Betts, Sarah, Bisnauthsing, Karen, Dewar, A, Hart, Nicholas, Kaltsakas, G, Kerslake, Helen, Magtoto, Murphy, Marino, Philip, Martinez, L M, Ostermann, Marlies, Rossdale, Jennifer, Solano, Teresa, Alvarez Corral, Maria, Arias, Ava Maria, Bevan, Emily, Griffin, Denise, Martin, Jane, Owen, J, Payne, Sheila, Prabhu, A, Reed, Annabel, Storrar, Will, Williams, Nick, Wrey Brown, Caroline, Burdett, Tracy, Featherstone, James, Lawson, Cathy, Layton, Alison, Mills, Clare, Stephenson, Lorraine, Ellis, Yvette, Atkin, Paul, Brindle, K, Crooks, Michael, Drury, Katie, Easom, Nicholas, Flockton, Rachel, Holdsworth, L, Richards, A, Sykes, D L, Thackray-Nocera, Susannah, Wright, C, Coetzee, S, Davies, Kim, Hughes, Rachel Ann, Loosley, Ronda, McGuinness, Heather, Mohamed, Abdelrahman, O'Brien, Linda, Omar, Zohra, Perkins, Emma, Phipps, Janet, Ross, Gavin, Taylor, Abigail, Tench, Helen, Wolf-Roberts, Rebecca, Burden, L, Calvelo, Ellen, Card, Bethany, Carr, Caitlin, Chilvers, Edwin, Copeland, Donna, Cullinan, P, Daly, Patrick, Evison, Lynsey, Fayzan, Tamanah, Gordon, Hussain, Haq, Sulaimaan, Jenkins, Gisli, King, Clara, Kon, Onn Min, March, Katherine, Mariveles, Myril, McLeavey, Laura, Mohamed, Noura, Moriera, Silvia, Munawar, Unber, Nunag, Jose Lloyd, Nwanguma, Uchechi, Orriss-Dib, Lorna, Ross, Alexandra, Roy, Maura, Russell, Emily, Samuel, Katherine, Schronce, J, Simpson, Neil, Tarusan, Lawrence, Thomas, David, Wood, Chloe, Yasmin, Najira, Altmann, Danny, Howard, Luke, Johnston, Desmond, Lingford-Hughes, Anne, Man, William, Mitchell, Jane, Molyneaux, Philip, Nicolaou, Christos, O'Regan, D P, Price, L, Quint, Jenni, Smith, David, Thwaites, Ryan, Valabhji, Jonathon, Walsh, Simon, Efstathiou, Claudia, Liew, Felicity, Frankel, Anew, Lightstone, Liz, McAdoo, Steve, Wilkins, Martin, Willicombe, Michelle, Touyz, R, Guerdette, Anne-Marie, Hewitt, Melanie, Reddy, R, Warwick, Katie, White, Sonia, McMahon, Aisling, Adeyemi, Oluwaseun, Adrego, Rita, Assefa-Kebede, Hosanna, Breeze, Jonathon, Byrne, S, Dulawan, Pearl, Hoare, Amy, Jolley, Caroline, Knighton, Abigail, Patale, Sheetal, Peralta, Ida, Powell, Natassia, Ramos, Albert, Shevket, K, Speranza, Fabio, Te, Amelie, Malim, M, Bramham, Kate, Brown, M, Ismail, Khalida, Nicholson, Tim, Pariante, Carmen, Sharpe, Claire, Wessely, Simon, Whitney, J, Shah, Ajay, Chiribiri, A, O'Brien, C, Hayday, A, Ashworth, Andrew, Beirne, Paul, Clarke, Jude, Coupland, C, Dalton, Matthhew, Favager, Clair, Glossop, Jodie, Greenwood, John, Hall, Lucy, Hardy, Tim, Humphries, Amy, Murira, Jennifer, Peckham, Dan, Plein, S, Rangeley, Jade, Saalmink, Gwen, Tan, Ai Lyn, Wade, Elaine, Whittam, Beverley, Window, Nicola, Woods, Janet, Coakley, G, Turtle, Lance, Allerton, Lisa, Allt, Ann Marie, Beadsworth, M, Berridge, Anthony, Brown, Jo, Cooper, Shirley, Cross, Andy, Defres, Sylviane, Dobson, S L, Earley, Joanne, French, N, Greenhalf, William, Hainey, Kera, Hardwick, Hayley, Hawkes, Jenny, Highett, Victoria, Kaprowska, Sabina, Key, Angela, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lewis-Burke, N, Madzamba, Gladys, Malein, Flora, Marsh, Sophie, Mears, Chloe, Melling, Lucy, Noonan, Matthew, Poll, L, Pratt, James, Richardson, Emma, Rowe, Anna, Semple, Calum, Shaw, Victoria, Tripp, K A, Wajero, Lilian, Williams-Howard, S A, Wootton, Dan, Wyles, J, Diwanji, Shalin, Gurram, Sambasivarao, Papineni, Padmasayee, Quaid, Sheena, Tiongson, Gerlynn, Watson, Ekaterina, Briggs, Andrew, Marks, Michael, Hastie, Claire, Rogers, Natalie, Smith, Nikki, Stensel, David, Bishop, Lettie, McIvor, Katherine, Rivera-Ortega, Pilar, Al-Sheklly, Bashar, Avram, Cristina, Blaikely, John, Buch, M, Choudhury, N, Faluyi, David, Felton, T, Gorsuch, T, Hanley, Neil, Horsley, Alex, Hussell, Tracy, Kausar, Zunaira, Odell, Natasha, Osbourne, Rebecca, Piper Hanley, Karen, Radhakrishnan, K, Stockdale, Sue, Kabir, Thomas, Scott, Janet, Stewart, Iain, Openshaw, Peter, Burn, David, Ayoub, A, Brown, J, Burns, G, Davies, Gareth, De Soyza, Anthony, Echevarria, Carlos, Fisher, Helen, Francis, C, Greenhalgh, Alan, Hogarth, Philip, Hughes, Joan, Jiwa, Kasim, Jones, G, MacGowan, G, Price, D, Sayer, Avan, Simpson, John, Tedd, H, Thomas, S, West, Sophie, Witham, M, Wright, S, Young, A, McMahon, Michael, Neill, Paula, Anderson, David, Basu, Neil, Bayes, Hannah, Brown, Ammani, Dougherty, Andrew, Fallon, K, Gilmour, L, Grieve, D, Mangion, K, Morrow, A, Sykes, R, Berry, Colin, McInnes, I B, Scott, Kathryn, Barrett, Fiona, Donaldson, A, Sage, Beth, Bell, Murdina, Brown, Angela, Hamil, R, Leitch, Karen, Macliver, L, Patel, Manish, Quigley, Jackie, Smith, Andrew, Welsh, B, Choudhury, Gaunab, Clohisey, S, Deans, Andrew, Docherty, Annemarie, Furniss, J, Harrison, Ewen, Kelly, S, Sheikh, Aziz, Chalmers, James, Connell, David, Deas, C, Elliott, Anne, George, J, Mohammed, S, Rowland, J, Solstice, AR, Sutherland, Debbie, Tee, Caroline, Bunker, Jenny, Gill, Rhyan, Nathu, Rashmita, Holmes, Katie, Adamali, H, Arnold, David, Barratt, Shaney, Dipper, A, Dunn, Sarah, Maskell, Nick, Morley, Anna, Morrison, Leigh, Stadon, Louise, Waterson, Samuel, Welch, H, Jayaraman, Bhagy, Light, Tessa, Vogiatzis, Ioannis, Almeida, Paula, Bolton, Charlotte, Hosseini, Akram, Matthews, Laura, Needham, Robert, Shaw, Karen, Thomas, Andrew, Bonnington, J, Chrystal, Melanie, Dupont, Catherine, Greenhaff, Paul, Gupta, Ayushman, Jang, W, Linford, S, Nikolaidis, Athanasios, Prosper, Sabrina, Burns, A, Kanellakis, N, Ferreira, V, Nikolaidou, C, Xie, C, Ainsworth, Mark, Alamoudi, Asma, Bloss, Angela, Carter, Penny, Cassar, M, Chen, Jin, Conneh, Florence, Dong, T, Evans, Ranuromanana, Fraser, Emily, Geddes, John, Gleeson, F, Harrison, Paul, Havinden-Williams, May, Ho, Ling Pei, Jezzard, P, Koychev, Ivan, Kurupati, Prathiba, McShane, H, Megson, Clare, Neubauer, Stefan, Nicoll, Debby, Ogg, G, Pacpaco, Edmund, Pavlides, M, Peng, Yanchun, Petousi, Nayia, Pimm, John, Rahman, Najib, Raman, Betty, Rowland, M J, Saunders, Kathryn, Sharpe, Michael, Talbot, Nick, Tunnicliffe, E M, Korszun, Ania, Kerr, Steven, Barker, R E, Cristiano, Daniele, Dormand, N, George, P, Gummadi, Mahitha, Kon, S, Liyanage, Kamal, Nolan, C M, Patel, B, Patel, Suhani, Polgar, Oliver, Shah, P, Singh, Suver, Walsh, J A, Gibbons, Michael, Ahmad, Shanaz, Brill, Simon, Hurst, John, Jarvis, Hannah, Lim, Lai, Mandal, S, Matila, Darwin, Olaosebikan, Olaoluwa, Singh, Claire, Laing, C, Baxendale, Helen, Garner, Lucie, Johnson, C, Mackie, J, Michael, Alice, Newman, J, Pack, Jamie, Paques, K, Parfrey, H, Parmar, J, Reddy, A, Halling-Brown, Mark, Dark, P, Diar-Bakerly, Nawar, Evans, D, Hardy, E, Harvey, Alice, Holgate, D, Knight, Sean, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, McMorrow, L, Oxton, J, Pendlebury, Jessica, Summersgill, C, Ugwuoke, R, Whittaker, S, Matimba-Mupaya, Wadzanai, Strong-Sheldrake, Sophia, Chowienczyk, Phillip, Bagshaw, J, Begum, M, Birchall, K, Butcher, Robyn, Carborn, H, Chan, Flora, Chapman, Kerry, Cheng, Yutung, Chetham, Luke, Clark, Cameron, Coburn, Zach, Cole, Joby, Dixon, Myles, Fairman, Alexandra, Finnigan, J, Foot, H, Foote, David, Ford, Amber, Gregory, Rebecca, Harrington, Kate, Haslam, L, Hesselden, L, Hockridge, J, Holbourn, Ailsa, Holroyd-Hind, B, Holt, L, Howell, Alice, Hurditch, E, Ilyas, F, Jarman, Claire, Lawrie, Allan, Lee, Ju Hee, Lee, Elvina, Lenagh, Rebecca, Lye, Alison, Macharia, Irene, Marshall, M, Mbuyisa, Angeline, McNeill, J, Megson, Sharon, Meiring, J, Milner, L, Misra, S, Newell, Helen, Newman, Tom, Norman, C, Nwafor, Lorenza, Pattenadk, Dibya, Plowright, Megan, Porter, Julie, Ravencroft, Phillip, Roddis, C, Rodger, J, Rowland-Jones, Sarah, Saunders, Peter, Sidebottom, J, Smith, Jacqui, Smith, Laurie, Steele, N, Stephens, G, Stimpson, R, Thamu, B, Thompson, A. A. Roger, Tinker, N, Turner, Kim, Turton, Helena, Wade, Phillip, Walker, S, Watson, James, Wilson, Imogen, Zawia, Amira, Allsop, Lynne, Bennett, Kaytie, Buckley, Phil, Flynn, Margaret, Gill, Mandy, Goodwin, Camelia, Greatorex, M, Gregory, Heidi, Heeley, Cheryl, Holloway, Leah, Holmes, Megan, Hutchinson, John, Kirk, Jill, Lovegrove, Wayne, Sewell, Terri Ann, Shelton, Sarah, Sissons, D, Slack, Katie, Smith, Susan, Sowter, D, Turner, Sarah, Whitworth, V, Wynter, Inez, Tomlinson, Johanne, Warburton, Louise, Painter, Sharon, Palmer, Sue, Redwood, Dawn, Tilley, Jo, Vickers, Carinna, Wainwright, Tania, Breen, G, Hotopf, M, Aul, Raminder, Forton, D, Ali, Mariam, Dunleavy, A, Mencias, Mark, Msimanga, N, Samakomva, T, Siddique, Sulman, Tavoukjian, Vera, Teixeira, J, Ahmed, Rubina, Francis, Richard, Connor, Lynda, Cook, Amanda, Davies, Gwyneth, Rees, Tabitha, Thaivalappil, Favas, Thomas, Caradog, McNarry, M, Williams, N, Lewis, Keir, Coulding, Martina, Jones, Heather, Kilroy, Susan, McCormick, Jacqueline, McIntosh, Jerome, Turner, Victoria, Vere, Joanne, Butt, Al-Tahoor, Savill, Heather, Kon, Samantha, Landers, G, Lota, Harpreet, Portukhay, Sofiya, Nasseri, Mariam, Daniels, Alison, Hormis, Anil, Ingham, Julie, Zeidan, Lisa, Chablani, Manish, Osborne, Lynn, Aslani, Shahab, Banerjee, Amita, Batterham, R, Baxter, Gabrielle, Bell, Robert, David, Anthony, Denneny, Emma, Hughes, Alun, Lilaonitkul, W, Mehta, P, Pakzad, Ashkan, Rangelov, Bojidar, Williams, B, Willoughby, James, Xu, Moucheng, Ahwireng, Nyarko, Bang, Dongchun, Basire, Donna, Brown, Jeremy, Chambers, Rachel, Checkley, A, Evans, R, Heightman, M, Hillman, T, Jacob, Joseph, Jastrub, Roman, Lipman, M, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Merida Morillas, Marta, Plant, Hannah, Porter, Joanna, Roy, K, Wall, E, Treibel, T, Ahmad Haider, N, Atkin, Catherine, Baggott, Rhiannon, Bates, Michelle, Botkai, A, Casey, Anna, Cooper, B, Dasgin, Joanne, Dawson, Camilla, Draxlbauer, Katharine, Gautam, N, Hazeldine, J, Hiwot, T, Holden, Sophie, Isaacs, Karen, Jackson, T, Kamwa, Vicky, Lewis, D, Lord, Janet, Madathil, S, McGee, C, Mcgee, K, Neal, Aoife, Newton-Cox, Alex, Nyaboko, Joseph, Parekh, Dhruv, Peterkin, Z, Qureshi, H, Ratcliffe, Liz, Sapey, Elizabeth, Short, J, Soulsby, Tracy, Stockley, J, Suleiman, Zehra, Thompson, Tamika, Ventura, Maximina, Walder, Sinead, Welch, Carly, Wilson, Daisy, Yasmin, S, Yip, Kay Por, Chaudhuri, N, Childs, Caroline, Djukanovic, R, Fletcher, S, Harvey, Matt, Jones, Mark, Marouzet, Elizabeth, Marshall, B, Samuel, Reena, Sass, T, Wallis, Tim, Wheeler, Helen, Steeds, R, Beckett, Paul, Dickens, Caroline, Nanda, Uttam, Aljaroof, M, Armstrong, Natalie, Arnold, H, Aung, Hnin, Bakali, Majda, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, Molly, Bourne, Charlotte, Bourne, Michelle, Brightling, Chris, Brunskill, Nigel, Cairns, P, Carr, Liesel, Charalambou, Amanda, Christie, C, Davies, Melanie, Daynes, Enya, Diver, Sarah, Dowling, Rachael, Edwards, Sarah, Edwardson, C, Elneima, Omer, Evans, H, Evans, Rachael, Finch, J, Glover, Sarah, Goodman, Nicola, Gooptu, Bibek, Greening, Neil, Hadley, Kate, Haldar, Pranab, Hargadon, Beverley, Harris, Victoria, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, Ibrahim, W, Ingram, L, Khunti, Kamlesh, Lea, A, Lee, D, McAuley, Hamish, McCann, Gerry, McCourt, P, Mcnally, Teresa, Mills, George, Monteiro, Will, Pareek, Manish, Parker, S, Prickett, Anne, Qureshi, I N, Rowland, A, Russell, Richard, Sereno, Marco, Shikotra, Aarti, Siddiqui, Salman, Singapuri, Ananga, Singh, Sally, Skeemer, J, Soares, M, Stringer, E, Thornton, T, Tobin, Martin, Ward, T J C, Woodhead, F, Yates, Tom, Yousuf, A J, Broome, Mattew, McArdle, Paul, Thickett, David, Upthegrove, Rachel, Wilkinson, Dan, Moss, Paul, Wraith, David, Evans, Jonathon, Bullmore, Ed, Heeney, Jonathon, Langenberg, Claudia, Schwaeble, William, Summers, Charlotte, Weir McCall, J, Adeloye, Davies, Newby, D E, Pius, Riinu, Rudan, Igor, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Sudlow, Catherine, Thorpe, Mat, Walmsley, Sarah, Zheng, Bang, Allan, Louise, Ballard, Clive, McGovern, Andrew, Dennis, J, Cavanagh, Jonathon, MacDonald, S, O'Donnell, Kate, Petrie, John, Sattar, Naveed, Spears, Mark, Guthrie, Elspeth, Henderson, Max, Allen, Richard, Bingham, Michelle, Brugha, Terry, Finney, Selina, Free, Rob, Jones, Don, Lawson, Claire, Lucy, Gardiner, Moss, Alistair, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Novotny, Petr, Overton, Charlotte, Pearl, John, Plekhanova, Tatiana, Richardson, M, Samani, Nilesh, Sargant, Jack, Sharma, M, Steiner, Mike, Taylor, Chris, Terry, Sarah, Tong, C, Turner, E, Wormleighton, J, Zhao, Bang, Ntotsis, Kimon, Saunders, Ruth, Lozano-Rojas, Daniel, Goemans, Anne, Cuthbertson, D, Kemp, G, McArdle, Anne, Michael, Benedict, Reynolds, Will, Spencer, Lisa, Vinson, Ben, Ashworth, M, Abel, Kathryn, Chinoy, H, Deakin, Bill, Harvie, M, Miller, C A, Stanel, Stefan, Barran, Perdita, Trivedi, Drupad, McAllister-Williams, Hamish, Paddick, Stella-Maria, Rostron, Anthony, Taylor, John Paul, Baguley, David, Coleman, Chris, Cox, E, Fabbri, Laura, Francis, Susan, Hall, Ian, Hufton, E, Johnson, Simon, Khan, Fasih, Kitterick, Paaig, Morriss, Richard, Selby, Nick, Wright, Louise, Antoniades, Charalambos, Bates, A, Beggs, M, Bhui, Kamaldeep, Breeze, Katie, Channon, K M, Clark, David, Fu, X, Husain, Masud, Li, X, Lukaschuk, E, McCracken, Celeste, McGlynn, K, Menke, R, Motohashi, K, Nichols, T E, Ogbole, Godwin, Piechnik, S, Propescu, I, Propescu, J, Samat, A A, Sanders, Z B, Sigfrid, Louise, Webster, M, Kingham, Lucy, Klenerman, Paul, Lamlum, Hanan, Taquet, Maxime, Carson, G, Finnigan, L, Saunders, Laura, Wild, James, Calder, P C, Huneke, Nathan, Simons, Gemma, Baldwin, David, Bain, Steve, Daines, Luke, Bright, E, Crisp, P, Dharmagunawardena, Ruvini, Stern, M, Bailey, Elisabeth, Reddington, Anne, Wight, Andrew, Ashish, A, Cooper, Josh, Robinson, Emma, Broadley, Andrew, Barman, Laura, Brookes, Claire, Elliott, K, Griffiths, L, Guy, Zoe, Howard, Kate, Ionita, Diana, Redfearn, Heidi, Sarginson, Carol, Turnbull, Alison, Skorniewska, Zuzanna, De Deyn, Thomas, Hampshire, Adam, Trender, William R, Hellyer, Peter J, Chalmers, James D, Ho, Ling-Pei, Leavy, Olivia C, Richardson, Matthew, McAuley, Hamish J C, Singapuri, Amisha, Saunders, Ruth M, Harris, Victoria C, Greening, Neil J, Mansoori, Parisa, Harrison, Ewen M, Docherty, Annemarie B, Lone, Nazir I, Quint, Jennifer, Brightling, Christopher E, Wain, Louise V, Evans, Rachael A, Geddes, John R, and Harrison, Paul J

Published
2024
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25. Localized Administration of Bcar3 siRNA via Nano-Self-Assembly to Treat Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Disrupting Macrophage-Fibroblast Crosstalk

Author

Zeng C, Wang Q, Liu X, Wang K, Wang C, Ju X, Wang T, Zhou Q, Fu X, Yu J, and Wang Y

Subjects
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, bcar3, liposomes, macrophages, fibroblasts, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Chenxi Zeng,1,&ast; Qi Wang,2,&ast; Xuhan Liu,3,&ast; Kai Wang,1 Congjian Wang,1 Xuetao Ju,1 Tianlai Wang,1 Qing Zhou,4 Xiangning Fu,1 Jun Yu,1 Yi Wang4 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yi Wang, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, People’s Republic of China, Email wangyi@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn Jun Yu, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, People’s Republic of China, Email junyu2018@hotmail.comBackground: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe interstitial lung disease characterized by chronic lung injury leading to macrophage infiltration and fibroblast activation. However, there is no effective therapeutic strategy targeting the crucial crosstalk between macrophages and fibroblasts to halt IPF progression.Methods: Studies were conducted in IPF patients and fibrotic mice models to elucidate the role of Bcar3 in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. The effect of Bcar3 on macrophage polarization, fibroblast activation, and related signaling pathways were next investigated to unravel the underlying mechanisms.Results: Our study elucidates a marked increase in Bcar3 expression in lung tissues from IPF patients and fibrotic mice, recording 1.7 and 7.8-fold increases compared to control subjects, respectively. Additionally, Bcar3 was found to significantly enhance macrophage activation and fibroblast differentiation, observable in both in vivo and in vitro settings. Mechanistically, the upregulation of Bcar3 in macrophages was reliant on Stat6, while in fibroblasts, it depended on TGFβR1/Smad3. Furthermore, Bcar3 augmented IL-4/Stat6 pathway in macrophages and TGF-β/Smad3 pathway in fibroblasts, supporting a synergistic activation loop that expedited lung fibrogenesis. Notably, intratracheal injection of liposomes containing Bcar3 siRNA precisely delivered gene therapeutics to lung macrophages and fibroblasts, effectively reducing Bcar3 expression to 59% of baseline levels. Importantly, this intervention protected mice from lung fibrosis induced by either FITC or bleomycin, as well as human precision-cut lung slices against TGF-β 1 stimulation.Conclusion: Our study underscores the pivotal role of Bcar3 in orchestrating the macrophage-fibroblast crosstalk during pulmonary fibrosis progression. Targeting Bcar3 emerges as a novel therapeutic avenue to halt IPF progression and enhance patient prognosis.Keywords: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Bcar3, liposomes, macrophages, fibroblasts

Published
2024

26. BRCA2, PALB2, RECQL4 Germline Pathogenic Variants, and Somatic TP53 Mutation in Triple Metachronous Malignancies: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author

Liu Y, Yang H, Fu X, Zhong L, Xu P, Fang F, Li Q, Yan Y, Wei S, Wang J, and Zhang C

Subjects
multiple primary cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, genetic test, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yang Liu,1,2,&ast; Hui Yang,1,2,&ast; Xueshu Fu,1,2 Luting Zhong,1,2 Ping Xu,1,2 Fang Fang,1,2 Ying Liu,1,2 Qing Li,1,2 Ya’nan Yan,1,2 Shanchuang Wei,1,2 Junqing Wang,1,2 Chunhua Zhang1– 3 1Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of YangZhou University Huai ‘an Maternal and Child Health Care Center, Huai’an, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynaecology, The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Clinical Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunhua Zhang, Department of Gynaecology, The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13952326117, Email hafyzch@126.comBackground: Multiple primary cancer (MPC) refers to the presence of more than one cancer in an individual. Triple primary malignancies are uncommon.Case: We report the case of a 50-year-old postmenopausal woman in our gynecology department, diagnosed with endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and unilateral breast cancer. She carried germline mutations in BRCA2, PALB2, and RECQL4, along with a somatic pathogenic variant in TP53. Endometrial cancer patients harboring germline pathogenic variants in BRCA2 exhibit a heightened risk of ovarian and breast cancer. BRCA2 is known to play a role in the development of ovarian and breast cancer, while PALB2 is identified as a gene associated with breast cancer susceptibility. RECQL4 has been linked to breast cancer, cervical cancer, and other tumors.Conclusion: Genetic testing may be imperative for identifying MPC in endometrial cancer patients. For individuals with BRCA2 and other gene pathogenic variants, routine examination and monitoring of the endometrium, ovaries, breasts, and other sites prone to polygenic cancer are recommended.Keywords: multiple primary cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, genetic test

Published
2024

27. Efficient Colon Cancer Immunogene Therapy Through Co-Delivery of IL-22BP mRNA and Tumor Cell Lysate by CLSV Nanoparticles

Author

Huang J, Wang K, Fu X, Zhu M, Chen X, Gao Y, Ma P, Duan X, and Men K

Subjects
gene therapy, mrna, cell-penetrating peptide, tumor cell lysate, immune response, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Jing Huang,1,&ast; Kaiyu Wang,1,&ast; Xizi Fu,1,&ast; Manfang Zhu,2 Xiaohua Chen,1 Yan Gao,1 Pingchuan Ma,3 Xingmei Duan,2 Ke Men1 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ke Men, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Email mendingbob@hotmail.com Xingmei Duan, Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China, Email duanxingmei2003@163.comBackground: Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based gene therapy has great potential in cancer treatment. However, the application of mRNA-based cancer treatment could be further developed. Elevated delivery ability and enhanced immune response are advantages for expanding the application of mRNA-based cancer therapy. It is crucial that the prepared carrier can cause an immune reaction based on the efficient delivery of mRNA.Methods: We reported DMP nanoparticle previously, which was obtained by the self-assembly of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) and (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (&epsiv;-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL). Research demonstrated that DMP can deliver mRNA, siRNA, and plasmid. And it is applied to various tumor types. In our work, the tumor cell lysate was introduced to the internal DMP chain, fusing cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) modification on the surface forming the CLSV system. And then mixed encoded IL-22BP (interleukin-22 binding protein) mRNA and CLSV to form CLSV/IL-22BP complex.Results: The size of the CLSV system was 213.2 nm, and the potential was 45.7 mV. The transfection efficiency of the CLSV system is up to 76.45% in C26 cells via the micropinocytosis pathway. The CLSV system also could induce an immune response and significantly elevate the expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC-II in vivo. Then, by binding with IL-22BP (Interleukin-22 binding protein) mRNA, the CLSV/IL-22BP complex inhibited tumor cell growth, with an inhibition rate of up to 82.3% in vitro. The CLSV/IL-22BP complex also inhibited tumor growth in vivo, the tumor cell growth inhibition up to 75.0% in the subcutaneous tumor model, and 84.9% in the abdominal cavity metastasis tumor model.Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that the CLSV system represents a potent potential for mRNA delivery.Keywords: mRNA, cell-penetrating peptide, gene therapy, tumor cell lysate, immune response

Published
2023

28. Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoparticles Mediated Nucleic Acids Delivery

Author

Lin Y, Guan X, Su J, Chen S, Fu X, Xu X, Deng X, Chang J, Qin A, Shen A, and Zhang L

Subjects
nucleic acids, bioinspired nanoparticles, non-viral vehicles, gene therapy, cell membranes, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yinshan Lin,1,2,&ast; Xiaoling Guan,1,2,&ast; Jianfen Su,1,2,&ast; Sheng Chen,2 Xihua Fu,1 Xiaowei Xu,2 Xiaohua Deng,2 Jishuo Chang,2 Aiping Qin,2,&ast; Ao Shen,2,&ast; Lingmin Zhang1,2,&ast; 1Pharmacy Department & Panyu Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lingmin Zhang, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, No. 8 Fuyu East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, People’s Republic of China, Email zhanglm@gzhmu.edu.cn Ao Shen; Aiping Qin, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 1 Xinzao Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511426, People’s Republic of China, Email shenao@gzhmu.edu.cn; qinaiping_2008@163.comAbstract: Nucleic acids have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for many diseases because of their potential in modulating gene expression. However, the delivery of nucleic acids remains a significant challenge in gene therapy. Although viral vectors have shown high transfection efficiency, concerns regarding teratogenicity or carcinogenicity have been raised. Non-viral vehicles, including cationic polymers, liposomes, and inorganic materials possess advantages in terms of safety, ease of preparation, and low cost. Nevertheless, they also face limitations related to immunogenicity, quick clearance in vivo, and lack of targeting specificity. On the other hand, bioinspired strategies have shown increasing potential in the field of drug delivery, yet there is a lack of comprehensive reviews summarizing the rapid development of bioinspired nanoparticles based on the cell membrane camouflage to construct the nucleic acids vehicles. Herein, we enumerated the current difficulties in nucleic acid delivery with various non-viral vehicles and provided an overview of bioinspired strategies for nucleic acid delivery. Keywords: nucleic acids, bioinspired nanoparticles, non-viral vehicles, gene therapy, cell membranes

Published
2023

29. Advances in Brain Tumor Therapy Based on the Magnetic Nanoparticles

Author

Xu S, Zhang G, Zhang J, Liu W, Wang Y, and Fu X

Subjects
magnetic nanoparticles, blood-brain tumor barrier, tumor therapy, drug delivery, brain tumor., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Songbai Xu,1 Guangxin Zhang,2 Jiaomei Zhang,1 Wei Liu,2 Yicun Wang,2 Xiying Fu2 1Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Center, the First Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yicun Wang; Xiying Fu, Email wangyicun@jlu.edu.cn; fuxiying@jlu.edu.cnAbstract: Brain tumors, including primary gliomas and brain metastases, are one of the deadliest tumors because effective macromolecular antitumor drugs cannot easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-brain tumor barrier (BTB). Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are considered the most suitable nanocarriers for the delivery of brain tumor drugs because of their unique properties compared to other nanoparticles. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the potential of these nanoparticles in magnetic targeting, nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetic thermal therapy, and ultrasonic hyperthermia. To further develop and optimize MNPs for the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors, we attempt to outline recent advances in the use of MNPs to deliver drugs, with a particular focus on their efficacy in the delivery of anti-brain tumor drugs based on magnetic targeting and low-intensity focused ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging for surgical real-time guidance, and magnetothermal and ultrasonic hyperthermia therapy. Furthermore, we summarize recent findings on the clinical application of MNPs and the research limitations that need to be addressed in clinical translation.Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles, blood-brain tumor barrier, tumor therapy, drug delivery, brain tumor

Published
2023

30. Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG: Stock 2, a little-studied open cluster with an eMSTO

Author

Alonso-Santiago, J., Frasca, A., Catanzaro, G., Bragaglia, A., Andreuzzi, G., Carrera, R., Carretta, E., Casali, G., D'Orazi, V., Fu, X., Giarrusso, M., Lucatello, S., Magrini, L., Origlia, L., Spina, L., Vallenari, A., and Zhang, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Stock 2 is a little-studied open cluster that shows an extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO). In order to investigate this phenomenon and characterise the cluster itself we performed high-resolution spectroscopy in the framework of the Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) project. We employed the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher in North hemisphere spectrograph (HARPS-N) at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG). We completed our observations with additional spectra taken with the Catania Astrophysical Observatory Spectrograph (CAOS). In total we observed 46 stars (dwarfs and giants), which represent, by far, the largest sample collected for this cluster to date. We provide the stellar parameters, extinction, radial and projected rotational velocities for most of the stars. Chemical abundances for 21 species with atomic numbers up to 56 have also been derived. We notice a differential reddening in the cluster field whose average value is 0.27 mag. It seems to be the main responsible for the observed eMSTO, since it cannot be explained as the result of different rotational velocities, as found in other clusters. We estimate an age for Stock 2 of 450$\pm$150 Ma which corresponds to a MSTO stellar mass of $\approx$2.8 M$_{\odot}$. The cluster mean radial velocity is around 8.0 km s$^{-1}$. We find a solar-like metallicity for the cluster, [Fe/H]=$-$0.07$\pm$0.06, compatible with its Galactocentric distance. MS stars and giants show chemical abundances compatible within the errors, with the exceptions of Barium and Strontium, which are clearly overabundant in giants, and Cobalt, which is only marginally overabundant. Finally, Stock 2 presents a chemical composition fully compatible with that observed in other open clusters of the Galactic thin disc., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 18 pages, 13 figures, 12 tables

Published
2021
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32. Anomalous nematic-to-stripe phase transition driven by in-plane magnetic fields

Author

Fu, X., Shi, Q., Zudov, M. A., Gardner, G. C., Watson, J. D., Manfra, M. J., Baldwin, K. W., Pfeiffer, L. N., and West, K. W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Anomalous nematic states, recently discovered in ultraclean two-dimensional electron gas, emerge from quantum Hall stripe phases upon further cooling. These states are hallmarked by a local minimum (maximum) in the hard (easy) longitudinal resistance and by an incipient plateau in the Hall resistance in nearly half-filled Landau levels. Here, we demonstrate that a modest in-plane magnetic field, applied either along $\left < 110 \right >$ or $\left < 1\bar10 \right >$ crystal axis of GaAs, destroys anomalous nematic states and restores quantum Hall stripe phases aligned along their native $\left < 110 \right >$ direction. These findings confirm that anomalous nematic states are distinct from other ground states and will assist future theories to identify their origin., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021
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33. The Gaia-ESO Survey: Galactic evolution of lithium from iDR6

Author

Romano, D., Magrini, L., Randich, S., Casali, G., Bonifacio, P., Jeffries, R. D., Matteucci, F., Franciosini, E., Spina, L., Guiglion, G., Chiappini, C., Mucciarelli, A., Ventura, P., Grisoni, V., Bellazzini, M., Bensby, T., Bragaglia, A., de Laverny, P., Korn, A. J., Martell, S. L., Tautvaisiene, G., Carraro, G., Gonneau, A., Jofré, P., Pancino, E., Smiljanic, R., Vallenari, A., Fu, X., Albarrán, M. L. Gutiérrez, Jiménez-Esteban, F. M., Montes, D., Damiani, F., Bergemann, M., and Worley, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We exploit the unique characteristics of a sample of open clusters (OCs) and field stars for which high-precision 7Li abundances and stellar parameters are homogeneously derived by the Gaia-ESO Survey (GES). We derive possibly undepleted 7Li abundances for 26 OCs and star forming regions with ages from young to old spanning a large range of Galactocentric distances, which allows us to reconstruct the local late Galactic evolution of lithium as well as its current abundance gradient along the disc. Field stars are added to look further back in time and to constrain 7Li evolution in other Galactic components. The data are then compared to theoretical tracks from chemical evolution models that implement different 7Li forges. We find that the upper envelope of the 7Li abundances measured in field stars of nearly solar metallicities traces very well the level of lithium enrichment attained by the ISM as inferred from observations of cluster stars. We confirm previous findings that the abundance of 7Li in the solar neighbourhood does not decrease at supersolar metallicity. The comparison of the data with the chemical evolution model predictions favours a scenario in which the majority of the 7Li abundance in meteorites comes from novae. Current data also seem to suggest that the nova rate flattens out at later times. This requirement might have implications for the masses of the white dwarf nova progenitors and deserves further investigation. Neutrino-induced reactions taking place in core-collapse supernovae also produce some fresh lithium. This likely makes a negligible contribution to the meteoritic abundance, but could be responsible for a mild increase of the 7Li abundance in the ISM of low-metallicity systems that would counterbalance the astration processes., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables (full tables 1 and 3 only available at the CDS), accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Version 2 includes corrections from language editor

Published
2021
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34. Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with TNG Atmospheric parameters of members of 16 unstudied open clusters

Author

Zhang, R., Lucatello, S., Bragaglia, A., Carrera, R., Spina, L., Alonso-Santiago, J., Andreuzzi, G., Casali, G., Carretta, E., Frasca4, A., Fu, X., Magrini, L., Origlia, L., DOrazi, V., and Vallenari, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Thanks to modern understanding of stellar evolution, we can accurately measure the age of Open Clusters (OCs). Given their position, they are ideal tracers of the Galactic disc. Gaia data release 2, besides providing precise parallaxes, led to the detection of many new clusters, opening a new era for the study of the Galactic disc. However, detailed information on the chemical abundance for OCs is necessary to accurately date them and to efficiently use them to probe the evolution of the disc.Mapping and exploring the Milky Way structure %to combine accurate chemical information of OCs is the main aim of the Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) project. Part of this work involves the use of OCs and the derivation of their precise and accurate chemical composition.We analyze here a sample of OCs located within about 2 kpc from the Sun, with ages from about 50 Myr to a few Gyr.We used HARPS-N at the Telescopio Nazionale Gaileo and collected very high-resolution spectra (R = 115\,000) of 40 red giant/red clump stars in 18 OCs (16 never or scarcely studied plus two comparison clusters). We measured their radial velocities and derived the stellar parameters.We discussed the relationship between metallicity and Galactocentric distance, adding literature data to our results to enlarge the sample and taking also age into account. We compared the result of observational data with that from chemo-dynamical models. These models generally reproduce the metallicity gradient well. However, at young ages we found a large dispersion in metallicity, not reproduced by models. Several possible explanations are explored, including uncertainties in the derived metallicity. We confirm the difficulties in determining parameters for young stars (age < 200 Myr), due to a combination of intrinsic factors which atmospheric models can not easily reproduce and which affect the parameters uncertainty, Comment: 21 pages 9 figures Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2021
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35. Hidden Quantum Hall Stripes in Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As/Al$_{0.24}$Ga$_{0.76}$As Quantum Wells

Author

Fu, X., Huang, Yi, Shi, Q., Shklovskii, B. I., Zudov, M. A., Gardner, G. C., and Manfra, M. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We report on transport signatures of hidden quantum Hall stripe (hQHS) phases in high ($N > 2$) half-filled Landau levels of Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As/Al$_{0.24}$Ga$_{0.76}$As quantum wells with varying Al mole fraction $x < 10^{-3}$. Residing between the conventional stripe phases (lower $N$) and the isotropic liquid phases (higher $N$), where resistivity decreases as $1/N$, these hQHS phases exhibit isotropic and $N$-independent resistivity. Using the experimental phase diagram we establish that the stripe phases are more robust than theoretically predicted, calling for improved theoretical treatment. We also show that, unlike conventional stripe phases, the hQHS phases do not occur in ultrahigh mobility GaAs quantum wells, but are likely to be found in other systems., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2020
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36. Field-Programmable Topological Array: Framework and Case-Studies

Author

Huang, G. -Y., Li, B., Yi, X. -F., Fu, J. -B., Fu, X., Qiang, X. -G., Xu, P., Wu, J. -J., Yu, C. -L., Kotetes, P., and Deng, M. -T.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Engineering composite materials and devices with desired topological properties is accelerating the development of topological physics and its applications. Approaches of realizing novel topological hybrids, including in-situ epitaxy growth, planar/layered superlattices, and assembled (artificial) atom/dot arrays, etc., endow the topological systems with a substantial degree of control and tunability. Here, we propose a framework for realizing a field-programmable topological array (FPTA) that enables the implementation of dynamically reconfigurable topological platforms. FPTA allows for the independent, simultaneous, and local programmability of the various platform properties, such as the electromagnetic field, the spin-orbit field, and the superconducting order parameter. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the FPTA in rendering the system topologically-nontrivial and implementing non-Abelian manipulations, we simulate their operation in various case-studies. Our framework provides a playground for unearthing novel topological phases using components of high feasibility and sets the guidelines for run-time dynamic reconfiguration which is crucial for high-performance topological electronic circuits and quantum computing., Comment: 15 pages,6 figures

Published
2020

37. Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with TNG. The old open clusters Collinder 350, Gulliver 51, NGC 7044, and Ruprecht 171

Author

Casali, G., Magrini, L., Frasca, A., Bragaglia, A., Catanzaro, G., D'Orazi, V., Sordo, R., Carretta, E., Origlia, L., Andreuzzi, G., Fu, X., and Vallenari, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

In the framework of the Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) project, we present new observations and spectral analysis of four sparsely studied open clusters, namely Collinder 350, Gulliver 51, NGC 7044, and Ruprecht 171. We exploit the HARPS-N spectrograph at the TNG telescope to acquire high-resolution optical spectra for 15 member stars of four clusters. We derive stellar parameters using both the EW analysis and the spectral fitting technique. We compute elemental abundances for light, a-, iron-peak, and n-capture elements using the EW measurement approach. We investigate the origin of the correlation between metallicity and stellar parameters derived with the EW method for the coolest stars of the sample (Teff < 4300 K). The correlation is likely due to the challenging continuum setting and to a general inaccuracy of model atmospheres used to reproduce the conditions of very cool giant stars. We locate the properties of our clusters in the radial distributions of metallicity and abundance ratios, comparing our results with clusters from the Gaia-ESO and APOGEE surveys. We present the [X/Fe]-[Fe/H] and [X/Fe]-Rgc trends for elements in common between the two surveys and derive the C and Li abundances as a function of the evolutionary phase and compare them with theoretical models. The SPA survey allows us to fully characterise the chemistry of nearby clusters. With a single set of spectra, we provide chemical abundances for some chemical elements, which are comparable to those obtained in two of the largest surveys combined. The metallicities and abundance ratios of our clusters fit very well in the radial distributions defined by the recent literature, reinforcing the importance of star clusters to outline the spatial distribution of abundances in our Galaxy. Moreover, the abundances of C and Li agree with evolutionary prescriptions for their masses and metallicities., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, Accepted by A&A

Published
2020
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38. The Gaia-ESO Survey: an extremely Li-rich giant in the globular cluster NGC 1261

Author

Sanna, N., Franciosini, E., Pancino, E., Mucciarelli, A., Tsantaki, M., Charbonnel, C., Smiljanic, R., Fu, X., Bragaglia, A., Lagarde, N., Tautvaisiene, G., Magrini, L., Randich, S., Bensby, T., Korn, A. J., Bayo, A., Bergemann, M., Carraro, G., and Morbidelli, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Lithium rich stars in globular clusters are rare. In fact, only 14 have been found so far, in different evolutionary phases from dwarfs to giants. Different mechanisms have been proposed to explain this enhancement, but it is still an open problem. Using spectra collected within the Gaia-ESO Survey, obtained with the GIRAFFE spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescope, we present the discovery of the first Li-rich star in the cluster NGC 1261, the second star known in the red giant branch bump phase. The star shows an extreme Li overabundance of A(Li)_LTE=3.92\pm0.14, corresponding to A(Li)_NLTE=3.40 dex. We propose that the Li enhancement is caused by fresh Li production through an extra mixing process (sometimes referred to as {\em cool bottom burning}) or could be a pre-existing Li overabundance resulting from binary mass transfer, likely from a red giant branch star, because of the low barium abundance. To unambiguously explain the Li enhancement in globular cluster stars, however, a reliable determination of the abundance of key species like Be, 6Li, 12C/13C, and several s-process elements is required, as well as detailed modeling of chromospheric activity indicators., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication on A&ALetter

Published
2020
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39. Lithium in the closest satellite of our Milky Way

Author

Cescutti, G., Molaro, P., and Fu, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Recently, we studied the chemical evolution of lithium in the thin disc of the Milky Way. We found that the best agreement with the observed Li abundances in the thin disc is obtained considering novae as the main source of lithium. We assumed a delay time of ~1 Gyr for nova production and an effective 7Li yield of 1.8($\pm$0.6)x10$^{-5}$ Msun over the whole nova lifetime. The possibility to check our detailed assumptions on lithium production on other stellar systems, such as the satellites of our Milky Way, is seriously hampered by their distance from us. In these systems dwarf stars (where the original lithium can be measured) are too faint to detect lithium lines. However, thanks to the Gaia mission, it was recently possible to disentangle the stars of a disrupted dwarf galaxy in the Galactic halo (called Enceladus or Galactic sausage). Adopting a chemical evolution model tuned to match the metallicity distribution function of Enceladus stars, we present our predictions for the lithium abundance of the stars of this disrupted galaxy., Comment: Proceedings of the conference "Lithium in the Universe: To Be or not to Be?", held at Rome Observatory, 18-22 November , 2019; in press for the Mem. Societ\`a Astronomica Italiana (4 pages and 3 figure)

Published
2020

40. Anomalous Nematic States in High Half-Filled Landau Levels

Author

Fu, X., Shi, Q., Zudov, M. A., Gardner, G. C., Watson, J. D., Manfra, M. J., Baldwin, K. W., Pfeiffer, L. N., and West, K. W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

It is well established that the ground states of a two-dimensional electron gas with half-filled high ($N \ge 2$) Landau levels are compressible charge-ordered states, known as quantum Hall stripe (QHS) phases. The generic features of QHSs are a maximum (minimum) in a longitudinal resistance $R_{xx}$ ($R_{yy}$) and a non-quantized Hall resistance $R_H$. Here, we report on emergent minima (maxima) in $R_{xx}$ ($R_{yy}$) and plateau-like features in $R_H$ in half-filled $N \ge 3$ Landau levels. Remarkably, these unexpected features develop at temperatures considerably lower than the onset temperature of QHSs, suggesting a new ground state., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020
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41. Chemical upgrade of carbon monoxide to acetate on an atomically dispersed copper catalyst via CO-insertion

Author

Fu, X, Wang, Y, Shen, H, Yu, Y, Xu, F, Zhou, G, Xie, W, Qin, R, Dun, C, Pao, C-W, Chen, J-L, Liu, Y, Guo, J, Yue, Q, Urban, JJ, Wang, C, and Kang, Y

Subjects
Engineering, Physical Sciences, Materials Engineering, Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Affordable and Clean Energy, Climate Action, Materials engineering, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

Electrochemical conversion of small molecules such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) to high-value multi-carbon products (C2+) offers a chemical upgrade approach for fuels and chemical feedstock production using renewable energy, in the possible absence of the petrochemical industry under the new energy system such as hydrogen economy. Identifying robust and efficient electrocatalysts to selectively produce C2+ products remains a challenge. Herein, we report a synthetic strategy of atomically dispersing copper atoms on nitrogen-rich porous carbon (Cu–N–C) through pyrolysis of a supramolecular assembly. Benefitting from the unsaturated coordination structure, in KOH electrolyte, the Cu–N–C with a Cu content of 6.9 wt% exhibits a maximum acetate Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 30% with an acetate partial current density as high as 48 mA cm−2 in electrochemical CO reduction. Different from the C–C coupling mechanism on metallic copper, we propose a CO insertion mechanism for the acetate production on the single site copper catalyst.

Published
2021

43. Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study

Author

Raman, Betty, McCracken, Celeste, Cassar, Mark P, Moss, Alastair J, Finnigan, Lucy, Samat, Azlan Helmy A, Ogbole, Godwin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth M, Alfaro-Almagro, Fidel, Menke, Ricarda, Xie, Cheng, Gleeson, Fergus, Lukaschuk, Elena, Lamlum, Hanan, McGlynn, Kevin, Popescu, Iulia A, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Saunders, Laura C, Piechnik, Stefan K, Ferreira, Vanessa M, Nikolaidou, Chrysovalantou, Rahman, Najib M, Ho, Ling-Pei, Harris, Victoria C, Shikotra, Aarti, Singapuri, Amisha, Pfeffer, Paul, Manisty, Charlotte, Kon, Onn M, Beggs, Mark, O'Regan, Declan P, Fuld, Jonathan, Weir-McCall, Jonathan R, Parekh, Dhruv, Steeds, Rick, Poinasamy, Krisnah, Cuthbertson, Dan J, Kemp, Graham J, Semple, Malcolm G, Horsley, Alexander, Miller, Christopher A, O'Brien, Caitlin, Shah, Ajay M, Chiribiri, Amedeo, Leavy, Olivia C, Richardson, Matthew, Elneima, Omer, McAuley, Hamish J C, Sereno, Marco, Saunders, Ruth M, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, Greening, Neil J, Bolton, Charlotte E, Brown, Jeremy S, Choudhury, Gourab, Diar Bakerly, Nawar, Easom, Nicholas, Echevarria, Carlos, Marks, Michael, Hurst, John R, Jones, Mark G, Wootton, Daniel G, Chalder, Trudie, Davies, Melanie J, De Soyza, Anthony, Geddes, John R, Greenhalf, William, Howard, Luke S, Jacob, Joseph, Man, William D-C, Openshaw, Peter J M, Porter, Joanna C, Rowland, Matthew J, Scott, Janet T, Singh, Sally J, Thomas, David C, Toshner, Mark, Lewis, Keir E, Heaney, Liam G, Harrison, Ewen M, Kerr, Steven, Docherty, Annemarie B, Lone, Nazir I, Quint, Jennifer, Sheikh, Aziz, Zheng, Bang, Jenkins, R Gisli, Cox, Eleanor, Francis, Susan, Halling-Brown, Mark, Chalmers, James D, Greenwood, John P, Plein, Sven, Hughes, Paul J C, Thompson, A A Roger, Rowland-Jones, Sarah L, Wild, James M, Kelly, Matthew, Treibel, Thomas A, Bandula, Steven, Aul, Raminder, Miller, Karla, Jezzard, Peter, Smith, Stephen, Nichols, Thomas E, McCann, Gerry P, Evans, Rachael A, Wain, Louise V, Brightling, Christopher E, Neubauer, Stefan, Baillie, J K, Shaw, Alison, Hairsine, Brigid, Kurasz, Claire, Henson, Helen, Armstrong, Lisa, Shenton, Liz, Dobson, H, Dell, Amanda, Lucey, Alice, Price, Andrea, Storrie, Andrew, Pennington, Chris, Price, Claire, Mallison, Georgia, Willis, Gemma, Nassa, Heeah, Haworth, Jill, Hoare, Michaela, Hawkings, Nancy, Fairbairn, Sara, Young, Susan, Walker, S, Jarrold, I, Sanderson, Amy, David, C, Chong-James, K, Zongo, O, James, W Y, Martineau, A, King, Bernie, Armour, C, McAulay, D, Major, E, McGinness, Jade, McGarvey, L, Magee, N, Stone, Roisin, Drain, S, Craig, T, Bolger, A, Haggar, Ahmed, Lloyd, Arwel, Subbe, Christian, Menzies, Daniel, Southern, David, McIvor, Emma, Roberts, K, Manley, R, Whitehead, Victoria, Saxon, W, Bularga, A, Mills, N L, El-Taweel, Hosni, Dawson, Joy, Robinson, Leanne, Saralaya, Dinesh, Regan, Karen, Storton, Kim, Brear, Lucy, Amoils, S, Bermperi, Areti, Elmer, Anne, Ribeiro, Carla, Cruz, Isabel, Taylor, Jessica, Worsley, J, Dempsey, K, Watson, L, Jose, Sherly, Marciniak, S, Parkes, M, McQueen, Alison, Oliver, Catherine, Williams, Jenny, Paradowski, Kerry, Broad, Lauren, Knibbs, Lucy, Haynes, Matthew, Sabit, Ramsey, Milligan, L, Sampson, Claire, Hancock, Alyson, Evenden, Cerys, Lynch, Ceri, Hancock, Kia, Roche, Lisa, Rees, Meryl, Stroud, Natalie, Thomas-Woods, T, Heller, S, Robertson, E, Young, B, Wassall, Helen, Babores, M, Holland, Maureen, Keenan, Natalie, Shashaa, Sharlene, Price, Carly, Beranova, Eva, Ramos, Hazel, Weston, Heather, Deery, Joanne, Austin, Liam, Solly, Reanne, Turney, Sharon, Cosier, Tracey, Hazelton, Tracy, Ralser, M, Wilson, Ann, Pearce, Lorraine, Pugmire, S, Stoker, Wendy, McCormick, W, Dewar, A, Arbane, Gill, Kaltsakas, G, Kerslake, Helen, Rossdale, J, Bisnauthsing, Karen, Aguilar Jimenez, Laura A, Martinez, L M, Ostermann, Marlies, Magtoto, Murphy M, Hart, Nicholas, Marino, Philip, Betts, Sarah, Solano, Teresa S, Arias, Ava Maria, Prabhu, A, Reed, Annabel, Wrey Brown, Caroline, Griffin, Denise, Bevan, Emily, Martin, Jane, Owen, J, Alvarez Corral, Maria, Williams, Nick, Payne, Sheila, Storrar, Will, Layton, Alison, Lawson, Cathy, Mills, Clare, Featherstone, James, Stephenson, Lorraine, Burdett, Tracy, Ellis, Y, Richards, A, Wright, C, Sykes, D L, Brindle, K, Drury, Katie, Holdsworth, L, Crooks, M G, Atkin, Paul, Flockton, Rachel, Thackray-Nocera, Susannah, Mohamed, Abdelrahman, Taylor, Abigail, Perkins, Emma, Ross, Gavin, McGuinness, Heather, Tench, Helen, Phipps, Janet, Loosley, Ronda, Wolf-Roberts, Rebecca, Coetzee, S, Omar, Zohra, Ross, Alexandra, Card, Bethany, Carr, Caitlin, King, Clara, Wood, Chloe, Copeland, D, Calvelo, Ellen, Chilvers, Edwin R, Russell, Emily, Gordon, Hussain, Nunag, Jose Lloyd, Schronce, J, March, Katherine, Samuel, Katherine, Burden, L, Evison, Lynsey, McLeavey, Laura, Orriss-Dib, Lorna, Tarusan, Lawrence, Mariveles, Myril, Roy, Maura, Mohamed, Noura, Simpson, Neil, Yasmin, Najira, Cullinan, P, Daly, Patrick, Haq, Sulaimaan, Moriera, Silvia, Fayzan, Tamanah, Munawar, Unber, Nwanguma, Uchechi, Lingford-Hughes, A, Altmann, Danny, Johnston, D, Mitchell, J, Valabhji, J, Price, L, Molyneaux, P L, Thwaites, Ryan S, Walsh, S, Frankel, A, Lightstone, L, Wilkins, M, Willicombe, M, McAdoo, S, Touyz, R, Guerdette, Anne-Marie, Warwick, Katie, Hewitt, Melanie, Reddy, R, White, Sonia, McMahon, A, Hoare, Amy, Knighton, Abigail, Ramos, Albert, Te, Amelie, Jolley, Caroline J, Speranza, Fabio, Assefa-Kebede, Hosanna, Peralta, Ida, Breeze, Jonathon, Shevket, K, Powell, Natassia, Adeyemi, Oluwaseun, Dulawan, Pearl, Adrego, Rita, Byrne, S, Patale, Sheetal, Hayday, A, Malim, M, Pariante, C, Sharpe, C, Whitney, J, Bramham, K, Ismail, K, Wessely, S, Nicholson, T, Ashworth, Andrew, Humphries, Amy, Tan, Ai Lyn, Whittam, Beverley, Coupland, C, Favager, Clair, Peckham, D, Wade, Elaine, Saalmink, Gwen, Clarke, Jude, Glossop, Jodie, Murira, Jennifer, Rangeley, Jade, Woods, Janet, Hall, Lucy, Dalton, Matthhew, Window, Nicola, Beirne, Paul, Hardy, Tim, Coakley, G, Turtle, Lance, Berridge, Anthony, Cross, Andy, Key, Angela L, Rowe, Anna, Allt, Ann Marie, Mears, Chloe, Malein, Flora, Madzamba, Gladys, Hardwick, H E, Earley, Joanne, Hawkes, Jenny, Pratt, James, Wyles, J, Tripp, K A, Hainey, Kera, Allerton, Lisa, Lavelle-Langham, L, Melling, Lucy, Wajero, Lilian O, Poll, L, Noonan, Matthew J, French, N, Lewis-Burke, N, Williams-Howard, S A, Cooper, Shirley, Kaprowska, Sabina, Dobson, S L, Marsh, Sophie, Highett, Victoria, Shaw, V, Beadsworth, M, Defres, S, Watson, Ekaterina, Tiongson, Gerlynn F, Papineni, Padmasayee, Gurram, Sambasivarao, Diwanji, Shalin N, Quaid, Sheena, Briggs, A, Hastie, Claire, Rogers, Natalie, Stensel, D, Bishop, L, McIvor, K, Rivera-Ortega, P, Al-Sheklly, B, Avram, Cristina, Faluyi, David, Blaikely, J, Piper Hanley, K, Radhakrishnan, K, Buch, M, Hanley, N A, Odell, Natasha, Osbourne, Rebecca, Stockdale, Sue, Felton, T, Gorsuch, T, Hussell, T, Kausar, Zunaira, Kabir, T, McAllister-Williams, H, Paddick, S, Burn, D, Ayoub, A, Greenhalgh, Alan, Sayer, A, Young, A, Price, D, Burns, G, MacGowan, G, Fisher, Helen, Tedd, H, Simpson, J, Jiwa, Kasim, Witham, M, Hogarth, Philip, West, Sophie, Wright, S, McMahon, Michael J, Neill, Paula, Dougherty, Andrew, Morrow, A, Anderson, David, Grieve, D, Bayes, Hannah, Fallon, K, Mangion, K, Gilmour, L, Basu, N, Sykes, R, Berry, C, McInnes, I B, Donaldson, A, Sage, E K, Barrett, Fiona, Welsh, B, Bell, Murdina, Quigley, Jackie, Leitch, Karen, Macliver, L, Patel, Manish, Hamil, R, Deans, Andrew, Furniss, J, Clohisey, S, Elliott, Anne, Solstice, A R, Deas, C, Tee, Caroline, Connell, David, Sutherland, Debbie, George, J, Mohammed, S, Bunker, Jenny, Holmes, Katie, Dipper, A, Morley, Anna, Arnold, David, Adamali, H, Welch, H, Morrison, Leigh, Stadon, Louise, Maskell, Nick, Barratt, Shaney, Dunn, Sarah, Waterson, Samuel, Jayaraman, Bhagy, Light, Tessa, Selby, N, Hosseini, A, Shaw, Karen, Almeida, Paula, Needham, Robert, Thomas, Andrew K, Matthews, Laura, Gupta, Ayushman, Nikolaidis, Athanasios, Dupont, Catherine, Bonnington, J, Chrystal, Melanie, Greenhaff, P L, Linford, S, Prosper, Sabrina, Jang, W, Alamoudi, Asma, Bloss, Angela, Megson, Clare, Nicoll, Debby, Fraser, Emily, Pacpaco, Edmund, Conneh, Florence, Ogg, G, McShane, H, Koychev, Ivan, Chen, Jin, Pimm, John, Ainsworth, Mark, Pavlides, M, Sharpe, M, Havinden-Williams, May, Petousi, Nayia, Talbot, Nick, Carter, Penny, Kurupati, Prathiba, Dong, T, Peng, Yanchun, Burns, A, Kanellakis, N, Korszun, A, Connolly, B, Busby, J, Peto, T, Patel, B, Nolan, C M, Cristiano, Daniele, Walsh, J A, Liyanage, Kamal, Gummadi, Mahitha, Dormand, N, Polgar, Oliver, George, P, Barker, R E, Patel, Suhani, Gibbons, M, Matila, Darwin, Jarvis, Hannah, Lim, Lai, Olaosebikan, Olaoluwa, Ahmad, Shanaz, Brill, Simon, Mandal, S, Laing, C, Michael, Alice, Reddy, A, Johnson, C, Baxendale, H, Parfrey, H, Mackie, J, Newman, J, Pack, Jamie, Parmar, J, Paques, K, Garner, Lucie, Harvey, Alice, Summersgill, C, Holgate, D, Hardy, E, Oxton, J, Pendlebury, Jessica, McMorrow, L, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Dark, P, Ugwuoke, R, Knight, Sean, Whittaker, S, Strong-Sheldrake, Sophia, Matimba-Mupaya, Wadzanai, Chowienczyk, P, Pattenadk, Dibya, Hurditch, E, Chan, Flora, Carborn, H, Foot, H, Bagshaw, J, Hockridge, J, Sidebottom, J, Lee, Ju Hee, Birchall, K, Turner, Kim, Haslam, L, Holt, L, Milner, L, Begum, M, Marshall, M, Steele, N, Tinker, N, Ravencroft, Phillip, Butcher, Robyn, Misra, S, Coburn, Zach, Fairman, Alexandra, Ford, Amber, Holbourn, Ailsa, Howell, Alice, Lawrie, Allan, Lye, Alison, Mbuyisa, Angeline, Zawia, Amira, Holroyd-Hind, B, Thamu, B, Clark, Cameron, Jarman, Claire, Norman, C, Roddis, C, Foote, David, Lee, Elvina, Ilyas, F, Stephens, G, Newell, Helen, Turton, Helena, Macharia, Irene, Wilson, Imogen, Cole, Joby, McNeill, J, Meiring, J, Rodger, J, Watson, James, Chapman, Kerry, Harrington, Kate, Chetham, Luke, Hesselden, L, Nwafor, Lorenza, Dixon, Myles, Plowright, Megan, Wade, Phillip, Gregory, Rebecca, Lenagh, Rebecca, Stimpson, R, Megson, Sharon, Newman, Tom, Cheng, Yutung, Goodwin, Camelia, Heeley, Cheryl, Sissons, D, Sowter, D, Gregory, Heidi, Wynter, Inez, Hutchinson, John, Kirk, Jill, Bennett, Kaytie, Slack, Katie, Allsop, Lynne, Holloway, Leah, Flynn, Margaret, Gill, Mandy, Greatorex, M, Holmes, Megan, Buckley, Phil, Shelton, Sarah, Turner, Sarah, Sewell, Terri Ann, Whitworth, V, Lovegrove, Wayne, Tomlinson, Johanne, Warburton, Louise, Painter, Sharon, Vickers, Carinna, Redwood, Dawn, Tilley, Jo, Palmer, Sue, Wainwright, Tania, Breen, G, Hotopf, M, Dunleavy, A, Teixeira, J, Ali, Mariam, Mencias, Mark, Msimanga, N, Siddique, Sulman, Samakomva, T, Tavoukjian, Vera, Forton, D, Ahmed, R, Cook, Amanda, Thaivalappil, Favas, Connor, Lynda, Rees, Tabitha, McNarry, M, Williams, N, McCormick, Jacqueline, McIntosh, Jerome, Vere, Joanne, Coulding, Martina, Kilroy, Susan, Turner, Victoria, Butt, Al-Tahoor, Savill, Heather, Fraile, Eva, Ugoji, Jacinta, Landers, G, Lota, Harpreet, Portukhay, Sofiya, Nasseri, Mariam, Daniels, Alison, Hormis, Anil, Ingham, Julie, Zeidan, Lisa, Osborne, Lynn, Chablani, Manish, Banerjee, A, David, A, Pakzad, A, Rangelov, B, Williams, B, Denneny, E, Willoughby, J, Xu, M, Mehta, P, Batterham, R, Bell, R, Aslani, S, Lilaonitkul, W, Checkley, A, Bang, Dongchun, Basire, Donna, Lomas, D, Wall, E, Plant, Hannah, Roy, K, Heightman, M, Lipman, M, Merida Morillas, Marta, Ahwireng, Nyarko, Chambers, R C, Jastrub, Roman, Logan, S, Hillman, T, Botkai, A, Casey, A, Neal, A, Newton-Cox, A, Cooper, B, Atkin, C, McGee, C, Welch, C, Wilson, D, Sapey, E, Qureshi, H, Hazeldine, J, Lord, J M, Nyaboko, J, Short, J, Stockley, J, Dasgin, J, Draxlbauer, K, Isaacs, K, Mcgee, K, Yip, K P, Ratcliffe, L, Bates, M, Ventura, M, Ahmad Haider, N, Gautam, N, Baggott, R, Holden, S, Madathil, S, Walder, S, Yasmin, S, Hiwot, T, Jackson, T, Soulsby, T, Kamwa, V, Peterkin, Z, Suleiman, Z, Chaudhuri, N, Wheeler, H, Djukanovic, R, Samuel, R, Sass, T, Wallis, T, Marshall, B, Childs, C, Marouzet, E, Harvey, M, Fletcher, S, Dickens, C, 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Evans, R, Evans, H, and Evans, J

Published
2023
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47. Effects of sleep disturbance on dyspnoea and impaired lung function following hospital admission due to COVID-19 in the UK: a prospective multicentre cohort study

Author

Jackson, C, Stewart, I D, Plekhanova, T, Cunningham, P S, Hazel, A L, Al-Sheklly, B, Aul, R, Bolton, C E, Chalder, T, Chalmers, J D, Chaudhuri, N, Docherty, A B, Donaldson, G, Edwardson, C L, Elneima, O, Greening, N J, Hanley, N A, Harris, V C, Harrison, E M, Ho, L-P, Houchen-Wolloff, L, Howard, L S, Jolley, C J, Jones, M G, Leavy, O C, Lewis, K E, Lone, N I, Marks, M, McAuley, H J C, McNarry, M A, Patel, B, Piper-Hanley, K, Poinasamy, K, Raman, B, Richardson, M, Rivera-Ortega, P, Rowland-Jones, S L, Rowlands, A V, Saunders, R M, Scott, J T, Sereno, M, Shah, A M, Shikotra, A, Singapuri, A, Stanel, S C, Thorpe, M, Wootton, D G, Yates, T, Jenkins, G, Singh, S J, Man, W D-C, Brightling, C E, Wain, L V, Porter, J C, Thompson, R, Horsley, A, Molyneaux, P L, Evans, R A, Jones, S E, Rutter, M K, Blaikley, J F, Abel, K, Adamali, H, Adeloye, D, Adeyemi, O, Adrego, R, Aguilar Jimenez, L A, Ahmad, S, Ahmad Haider, N, Ahmed, R, Ahwireng, N, Ainsworth, M, Alamoudi, A, Ali, M, Aljaroof, M, All, AM, Allan, L, Allen, R J, Allerton, L, Allsop, L, Almeida, P, Altmann, D, Alvarez Corral, M, Amoils, S, Anderson, D, Antoniades, C, Arbane, G, Arias, A, Armour, C, Armstrong, L, Armstrong, N, Arnold, D, Arnold, H, Ashish, A, Ashworth, A, Ashworth, M, Aslani, S, Assefa-Kebede, H, Atkin, C, Atkin, P, Aung, H, Austin, L, Avram, C, Ayoub, A, Babores, M, Baggott, R, Bagshaw, J, Baguley, D, Bailey, L, Baillie, J K, Bain, S, Bakali, M, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, D, Baldwin, M, Ballard, C, Banerjee, A, Bang, B, Barker, R E, Barman, L, Barratt, S, Barrett, F, Basire, D, Basu, N, Bates, M, Bates, A, Batterham, R, Baxendale, H, Bayes, H, Beadsworth, M, Beckett, P, Beggs, M, Begum, M, Beirne, P, Bell, D, Bell, R, Bennett, K, Beranova, E, Bermperi, A, Berridge, A, Berry, C, Betts, S, Bevan, E, Bhui, K, Bingham, M, Birchall, K, Bishop, L, Bisnauthsing, K, Blaikely, J, Bloss, A, Bolger, A, Bonnington, J, Botkai, A, Bourne, C, Bourne, M, Bramham, K, Brear, L, Breen, G, Breeze, J, Briggs, A, Bright, E, Brill, S, Brindle, K, Broad, L, Broadley, A, Brookes, C, Broome, M, Brown, A, Brown, J, Brown, J S, Brown, M, Brown, V, Brugha, T, Brunskill, N, Buch, M, Buckley, P, Bularga, A, Bullmore, E, Burden, L, Burdett, T, Burn, D, Burns, G, Burns, A, Busby, J, Butcher, R, Butt, A, Byrne, S, Cairns, P, Calder, P C, Calvelo, E, Carborn, H, Card, B, Carr, C, Carr, L, Carson, G, Carter, P, Casey, A, Cassar, M, Cavanagh, J, Chablani, M, Chambers, R C, Chan, F, Channon, K M, Chapman, K, Charalambou, A, Checkley, A, Chen, J, Cheng, Y, Chetham, L, Childs, C, Chilvers, E R, Chinoy, H, Chiribiri, A, Chong-James, K, Choudhury, G, Choudhury, N, Chowienczyk, P, Christie, C, Chrystal, M, Clark, D, Clark, C, Clarke, J, Clohisey, S, Coakley, G, Coburn, Z, Coetzee, S, Cole, J, Coleman, C, Conneh, F, Connell, D, Connolly, B, Connor, L, Cook, A, Cooper, B, Cooper, J, Cooper, S, Copeland, D, Cosier, T, Coulding, M, Coupland, C, Cox, E, Craig, T, Crisp, P, Cristiano, D, Crooks, M G, Cross, A, Cruz, I, Cullinan, P, Cuthbertson, D, Daines, L, Dalton, M, Daly, P, Daniels, A, Dark, P, Dasgin, J, David, A, David, C, Davies, E, Davies, F, Davies, G, Davies, G A, Davies, K, Davies, M J, Dawson, J, Daynes, E, De Soyza, A, Deakin, B, Deans, A, Deas, C, Deery, J, Defres, S, Dell, A, Dempsey, K, Denneny, E, Dennis, J, Dewar, A, Dharmagunawardena, R, Diar-Bakerly, N, Dickens, C, Dipper, A, Diver, S, Diwanji, S N, Dixon, M, Djukanovic, R, Dobson, H, Dobson, S L, Donaldson, A, Dong, T, Dormand, N, Dougherty, A, Dowling, R, Drain, S, Draxlbauer, K, Drury, K, Dulawan, P, Dunleavy, A, Dunn, S, Dupont, C, Earley, J, Easom, N, Echevarria, C, Edwards, S, Edwardson, C, El-Taweel, H, Elliott, A, Elliott, K, Ellis, Y, Elmer, A, Evans, D, Evans, H, Evans, J, Evans, R, Evans, R I, Evans, T, Evenden, C, Evison, L, Fabbri, L, Fairbairn, S, Fairman, A, Fallon, K, Faluyi, D, Favager, C, Fayzan, T, Featherstone, J, Felton, T, Finch, J, Finney, S, Finnigan, J, Finnigan, L, Fisher, H, Fletcher, S, Flockton, R, Flynn, M, Foot, H, Foote, D, Ford, A, Forton, D, Fraile, E, Francis, C, Francis, R, Francis, S, Frankel, A, Fraser, E, Free, R, French, N, Fu, X, Fuld, J, Furniss, J, Garner, L, Gautam, N, Geddes, J R, George, J, George, P M, Gibbons, M, Gill, M, Gilmour, L, Gleeson, F, Glossop, J, Glover, S, Goodman, N, Goodwin, C, Gooptu, B, Gordon, H, Gorsuch, T, Greatorex, M, Greenhaff, P L, Greenhalf, W, Greenhalgh, A, Greenwood, J, Gregory, H, Gregory, R, Grieve, D, Griffin, D, Griffiths, L, Guerdette, A-M, Guillen Guio, B, Gummadi, M, Gupta, A, Gurram, S, Guthrie, E, Guy, Z, Henson, H, Hadley, K, Haggar, A, Hainey, K, Hairsine, B, Haldar, P, Hall, I, Hall, L, Halling-Brown, M, Hamil, R, Hancock, A, Hancock, K, Haq, S, Hardwick, H E, Hardy, E, Hardy, T, Hargadon, B, Harrington, K, Harris, E, Harrison, P, Hart, N, Harvey, A, Harvey, M, Harvie, M, Haslam, L, Havinden-Williams, M, Hawkes, J, Hawkings, N, Haworth, J, Hayday, A, Haynes, M, Hazeldine, J, Hazelton, T, Heaney, L G, Heeley, C, Heeney, J L, Heightman, M, 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Knibbs, L, Knight, S, Knighton, A, Kon, O, Kon, S, Kon, S S, Koprowska, S, Korszun, A, Koychev, I, Kurasz, C, Kurupati, P, Laing, C, Lamlum, H, Landers, G, Langenberg, C, Lasserson, D, Lavelle-Langham, L, Lawrie, A, Lawson, C, Layton, A, Lea, A, Lee, D, Lee, J-H, Lee, E, Leitch, K, Lenagh, R, Lewis, D, Lewis, J, Lewis, V, Lewis-Burke, N, Li, X, Light, T, Lightstone, L, Lilaonitkul, W, Lim, L, Linford, S, Lingford-Hughes, A, Lipman, M, Liyanage, K, Lloyd, A, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Loosley, R, Lord, J M, Lota, H, Lovegrove, W, Lucey, A, Lukaschuk, E, Lye, A, Lynch, C, MacDonald, S, MacGowan, G, Macharia, I, Mackie, J, Macliver, L, Madathil, S, Madzamba, G, Magee, N, Magtoto, M M, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Major, E, Malein, F, Malim, M, Mallison, G, Mandal, S, Mangion, K, Manisty, C, Manley, R, March, K, Marciniak, S, Marino, P, Mariveles, M, Marouzet, E, Marsh, S, Marshall, B, Marshall, M, Martin, J, Martineau, A, Martinez, L M, Maskell, N, Matila, D, Matimba-Mupaya, W, Matthews, L, Mbuyisa, A, McAdoo, S, McAllister-Williams, H, McArdle, A, McArdle, P, McAulay, D, McCann, G P, McCormick, J, McCormick, W, McCourt, P, McGarvey, L, McGhee, C, Mcgee, K, McGinness, J, McGlynn, K, McGovern, A, McGuinness, H, McInnes, I B, McIntosh, J, McIvor, E, McIvor, K, McLeavey, L, McMahon, A, McMahon, M J, McMorrow, L, Mcnally, T, McNarry, M, McNeill, J, McQueen, A, McShane, H, Mears, C, Megson, C, Megson, S, Mehta, P, Meiring, J, Melling, L, Mencias, M, Menzies, D, Merida Morillas, M, Michael, A, Miller, C, Milligan, L, Mills, C, Mills, G, Mills, N L, Milner, L, Misra, S, Mitchell, J, Mohamed, A, Mohamed, N, Mohammed, S, Monteiro, W, Moriera, S, Morley, A, Morrison, L, Morriss, R, Morrow, A, Moss, A J, Moss, P, Motohashi, K, Msimanga, N, Mukaetova-Ladinska, E, Munawar, U, Murira, J, Nanda, U, Nassa, H, Nasseri, M, Neal, A, Needham, R, Neill, P, Neubauer, S, Newby, D E, Newell, H, Newman, T, Newman, J, Newton-Cox, A, Nicholson, T, Nicoll, D, Nikolaidis, A, Nolan, C M, Noonan, M J, Norman, C, 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M, Ramos, A, Ramos, H, Rangeley, J, Rangelov, B, Ratcliffe, L, Ravencroft, P, Reddington, A, Reddy, R, Reddy, A, Redfearn, H, Redwood, D, Reed, A, Rees, M, Rees, T, Regan, K, Reynolds, W, Ribeiro, C, Richards, A, Richardson, E, Roberts, K, Robertson, E, Robinson, E, Robinson, L, Roche, L, Roddis, C, Rodger, J, Ross, A, Ross, G, Rossdale, J, Rostron, A, Rowe, A, Rowland, A, Rowland, J, Rowland, M J, Roy, K, Roy, M, Rudan, I, Russell, R, Russell, E, Saalmink, G, Sabit, R, Sage, E K, Samakomva, T, Samani, N, Sampson, C, Samuel, K, Samuel, R, Sanderson, A, Sapey, E, Saralaya, D, Sargent, J, Sarginson, C, Sass, T, Sattar, N, Saunders, K, Saunders, P, Saunders, L C, Savill, H, Saxon, W, Sayer, A, Schronce, J, Schwaeble, W, Scott, K, Selby, N, Semple, M G, Sewell, T A, Shah, K, Shah, P, Shankar-Hari, M, Sharma, M, Sharpe, C, Sharpe, M, Shashaa, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, K, Shaw, V, Sheikh, A, Shelton, S, Shenton, L, Shevket, K, Short, J, Siddique, S, Siddiqui, S, Sidebottom, J, Sigfrid, L, Simons, G, 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B, Young, S, Young, A, Yousuf, A J, Zawia, A, Zeidan, L, Zhao, B, Zheng, B, Zongo, O, Jackson, Callum, Stewart, Iain D, Plekhanova, Tatiana, Cunningham, Peter S, Hazel, Andrew L, Al-Sheklly, Bashar, Aul, Raminder, Bolton, Charlotte E, Chalder, Trudie, Chalmers, James D, Chaudhuri, Nazia, Docherty, Annemarie B, Donaldson, Gavin, Edwardson, Charlotte L, Elneima, Omer, Greening, Neil J, Hanley, Neil A, Harris, Victoria C, Harrison, Ewen M, Ho, Ling-Pei, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, Howard, Luke S, Jolley, Caroline J, Jones, Mark G, Leavy, Olivia C, Lewis, Keir E, Lone, Nazir I, Marks, Michael, McAuley, Hamish J C, McNarry, Melitta A, Patel, Brijesh V, Piper-Hanley, Karen, Poinasamy, Krisnah, Raman, Betty, Richardson, Matthew, Rivera-Ortega, Pilar, Rowland-Jones, Sarah L, Rowlands, Alex V, Saunders, Ruth M, Scott, Janet T, Sereno, Marco, Shah, Ajay M, Shikotra, Aarti, Singapuri, Amisha, Stanel, Stefan C, Thorpe, Mathew, Wootton, Daniel G, Yates, Thomas, Gisli Jenkins, R, Singh, Sally J, Man, William D-C, Brightling, Christopher E, Wain, Louise V, Porter, Joanna C, Thompson, A A Roger, Horsley, Alex, Molyneaux, Philip L, Evans, Rachael A, Jones, Samuel E, Rutter, Martin K, and Blaikley, John F

Published
2023
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48. Protecting quantum entanglement from leakage and qubit errors via repetitive parity measurements

Author

Bultink, C. C., O'Brien, T. E., Vollmer, R., Muthusubramanian, N., Beekman, M. W., Rol, M. A., Fu, X., Tarasinski, B., Ostroukh, V., Varbanov, B., Bruno, A., and DiCarlo, L.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Protecting quantum information from errors is essential for large-scale quantum computation. Quantum error correction (QEC) encodes information in entangled states of many qubits, and performs parity measurements to identify errors without destroying the encoded information. However, traditional QEC cannot handle leakage from the qubit computational space. Leakage affects leading experimental platforms, based on trapped ions and superconducting circuits, which use effective qubits within many-level physical systems. We investigate how two-transmon entangled states evolve under repeated parity measurements, and demonstrate the use of hidden Markov models to detect leakage using only the record of parity measurement outcomes required for QEC. We show the stabilization of Bell states over up to 26 parity measurements by mitigating leakage using postselection, and correcting qubit errors using Pauli-frame transformations. Our leakage identification method is computationally efficient and thus compatible with real-time leakage tracking and correction in larger quantum processors., Comment: 22 pages, 15 figures

Published
2019
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49. Effect of density on microwave-induced resistance oscillations in back-gated GaAs quantum wells

Author

Fu, X., Borisov, M. D., Zudov, M. A., Qian, Q., Watson, J. D., and Manfra, M. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We report on microwave-induced resistance oscillations (MIROs) in a tunable-density 30-nm-wide GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well. We find that the MIRO amplitude increases dramatically with carrier density. Our analysis shows that the anticipated increase in the effective microwave power and quantum lifetime with density is not sufficient to explain the observed growth of the amplitude. We further observe that the fundamental oscillation extrema move towards cyclotron resonance with increasing density, which also contradicts theoretical predictions. These findings reveal that the density dependence is not properly captured by existing theories, calling for further studies., Comment: 5 pages + supplemental material

Published
2019
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50. Effect of illumination on quantum lifetime in GaAs quantum wells

Author

Fu, X., Riedl, A., Borisov, M., Zudov, M. A., Watson, J. D., Gardner, G., Manfra, M. J., Baldwin, K. W., Pfeiffer, L. N., and West, K. W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Low-temperature illumination of a two-dimensional electron gas in GaAs quantum wells is known to greatly improve the quality of high-field magnetotransport. The improvement is known to occur even when the carrier density and mobility remain unchanged, but what exactly causes it remains unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of illumination on microwave photoresistance in low magnetic fields. We find that the amplitude of microwave-induced resistance oscillations grows dramatically after illumination. Dingle analysis reveals that this growth reflects a substantial increase in the single-particle (quantum) lifetime, which likely originates from the light-induced redistribution of charge enhancing the screening capability of the doping layers.

Published
2019
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