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Although rehabilitation and sports specialists believe that proprioception can be improved with training, very few studies have examined the effects of training on proprioception and none have systematically defined the nature of proprioceptive improvement. The purpose of this research was to determine if proprioceptive acuity could be improved with training and to define the nature of improvement. Two separate repeated measures studies were conducted measuring proprioceptive acuity before and after different training protocols. Each study was conducted on thirty subjects, age 20-39 years with no known upper extremity neurologic or orthopedic abnormalities. The proprioceptive comparison test (Ptest) required subjects to determine which elbow was more flexed without vision. A difference limen (dl) was calculated from the Ptest as a measure of proprioceptive acuity. The proprioceptive matching (Mtest) required subjects to match the non-dominant elbow position with the dominant elbow position without vision. Error scores were calculated from the Mtest. Training in the Ptrained and Mtrained groups was conducted in three sessions and mimicked testing with the addition of feedback after every other trial. The nature of feedback differed for the Ptrained group in experiments 1 and 2. All statistical comparisons were considered significant at p $\le$ 0.05. The Mtrained group significantly increased proprioceptive acuity (reduced the dl) on the Ptest in both experiments while the Ptrained group significantly increased proprioceptive acuity only in the first experiment. The Mtrained group significantly reduced variable error in the first experiment while in the second experiment variable error was significantly reduced in both groups on the Mtest. Reductions in absolute error for the Mtrained group were significant in the first experiment and nearly significant in the second experiment (p = 0.069). Reduction in absolute error was due primarily to a reduction in error on the four worst trials (out of 16 trials) although significant improvement in the four best trials was noted in the first experiment. Thus, proprioceptive acuity improved in normal, young adults with proprioceptive training. Improvements in proprioception occurred through reduction in performance variability and reduction in extent of error. Type of proprioceptive training did impact the extent of proprioceptive improvement.