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1. Commissioning and testing of pre-series triple GEM prototypes for CBM-MuCh in the mCBM experiment at the SIS18 facility of GSI

Author

Kumar, A., Agarwal, A., Chatterjee, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Dubey, A. K., Ghosh, C., Nandy, E., Negi, V., Prasad, S. K., Saini, J., Singhal, V., Singh, O., Sikder, G., de Cuveland, J., Deppner, I., Emschermann, D., Friese, V., Frühauf, J., Gumiński, M., Herrmann, N., Hutter, D., Kis, M., Lehnert, J., Loizeau, P. -A., Schmidt, C. J., Sturm, C., Uhlig, F., and Zabołotny, W.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Large area triple GEM chambers will be employed in the first two stations of the MuCh system of the CBM experiment at the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR in Darmstadt/Germany. The GEM detectors have been designed to take data at an unprecedented interaction rate (up to 10 MHz) in nucleus-nucleus collisions in CBM at FAIR. Real-size trapezoidal modules have been installed in the mCBM experiment and tested in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the SIS18 beamline of GSI as a part of the FAIR Phase-0 program. In this report, we discuss the design, installation, commissioning, and response of these GEM modules in detail. The response has been studied using the free-streaming readout electronics designed for the CBM-MuCh and CBM-STS detector system. In free-streaming data, the first attempt on an event building based on the timestamps of hits has been carried out, resulting in the observation of clear spatial correlations between the GEM modules in the mCBM setup for the first time. Accordingly, a time resolution of $\sim$15\,ns have been obtained for the GEM detectors.

Published
2021
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2. Development and implementation of a time-based signal generation scheme for the Muon Chamber simulation of the CBM experiment at FAIR

Author

Singhal, V., Chatterjee, S., Friese, V., and Chattopadhyay, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Compressed Baryonic Matter~(CBM) experiment in the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research~(FAIR), designed to take data in nuclear collisions at very high interaction rates of up to 10 MHz, will employ a free-streaming data acquisition with self-triggered readout electronics, without any hardware trigger. A simulation framework with a realistic digitization of the detectors in the muon chamber (MuCh) subsystem in CBM has been developed to provide a realistic simulation of the time-stamped data stream. In this article, we describe the implementation of the free-streaming detector simulation and the basic data related effects on the detector with respect to the interaction rate.

Published
2021
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3. Investigation of heterogeneous computing platforms for real-time data analysis in the CBM experiment

Author

Singhal, V., Chattopadhyay, S., and Friese, V.

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Future experiments in high-energy physics will pose stringent requirements to computing, in particular to real-time data processing. As an example, the CBM experiment at FAIR Germany intends to perform online data selection exclusively in software, without using any hardware trigger, at extreme interaction rates of up to 10 MHz. In this article, we describe how heterogeneous computing platforms, Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) and CPUs, can be used to solve the associated computing problems on the example of the first-level event selection process sensitive to J/{\psi} decays using muon detectors. We investigate and compare pure parallel computing paradigms (Posix Thread, OpenMP, MPI) and heterogeneous parallel computing paradigms (CUDA, OpenCL) on both CPU and GPU architectures and demonstrate that the problem under consideration can be accommodated with a moderate deployment of hardware resources, provided their compute power is made optimal use of. In addition, we compare OpenCL and pure parallel computing paradigms on CPUs and show that OpenCL can be considered as a single parallel paradigm for all hardware resources.

Published
2018
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4. Challenges in QCD matter physics - The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Author

CBM Collaboration, Ablyazimov, T., Abuhoza, A., Adak, R. P., Adamczyk, M., Agarwal, K., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, N., Ahmad, S., Akindinov, A., Akishin, P., Akishina, E., Akishina, T., Akishina, V., Akram, A., Al-Turany, M., Alekseev, I., Alexandrov, E., Alexandrov, I., Amar-Youcef, S., Anđelić, M., Andreeva, O., Andrei, C., Andronic, A., Anisimov, Yu., Appelshäuser, H., Argintaru, D., Atkin, E., Avdeev, S., Averbeck, R., Azmi, M. D., Baban, V., Bach, M., Badura, E., Bähr, S., Balog, T., Balzer, M., Bao, E., Baranova, N., Barczyk, T., Bartoş, D., Bashir, S., Baszczyk, M., Batenkov, O., Baublis, V., Baznat, M., Becker, J., Becker, K. -H., Belogurov, S., Belyakov, D., Bendarouach, J., Berceanu, I., Bercuci, A., Berdnikov, A., Berdnikov, Y., Berendes, R., Berezin, G., Bergmann, C., Bertini, D., Bertini, O., Beşliu, C., Bezshyyko, O., Bhaduri, P. P., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bhattacharjee, B., Bhattacharyya, A., Bhattacharyya, T. K., Biswas, S., Blank, T., Blau, D., Blinov, V., Blume, C., Bocharov, Yu., Book, J., Breitner, T., Brüning, U., Brzychczyk, J., Bubak, A., Büsching, H., Bus, T., Butuzov, V., Bychkov, A., Byszuk, A., Cai, Xu, Cálin, M., Cao, Ping, Caragheorgheopol, G., Carević, I., Cătănescu, V., Chakrabarti, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaus, A., Chen, Hongfang, Chen, LuYao, Cheng, Jianping, Chepurnov, V., Cherif, H., Chernogorov, A., Ciobanu, M. I., Claus, G., Constantin, F., Csanád, M., D'Ascenzo, N., Das, Supriya, Das, Susovan, de Cuveland, J., Debnath, B., Dementiev, D., Deng, Wendi, Deng, Zhi, Deppe, H., Deppner, I., Derenovskaya, O., Deveaux, C. A., Deveaux, M., Dey, K., Dey, M., Dillenseger, P., Dobyrn, V., Doering, D., Dong, Sheng, Dorokhov, A., Dreschmann, M., Drozd, A., Dubey, A. K., Dubnichka, S., Dubnichkova, Z., Dürr, M., Dutka, L., Dželalija, M., Elsha, V. V., Emschermann, D., Engel, H., Eremin, V., Eşanu, T., Eschke, J., Eschweiler, D., Fan, Huanhuan, Fan, Xingming, Farooq, M., Fateev, O., Feng, Shengqin, Figuli, S. P. D., Filozova, I., Finogeev, D., Fischer, P., Flemming, H., Förtsch, J., Frankenfeld, U., Friese, V., Friske, E., Fröhlich, I., Frühauf, J., Gajda, J., Galatyuk, T., Gangopadhyay, G., Chávez, C. García, Gebelein, J., Ghosh, P., Ghosh, S. K., Gläßel, S., Goffe, M., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golovatyuk, V., Golovnya, S., Golovtsov, V., Golubeva, M., Golubkov, D., Ramírez, A. Gómez, Gorbunov, S., Gorokhov, S., Gottschalk, D., Gryboś, P., Grzeszczuk, A., Guber, F., Gudima, K., Gumiński, M., Gupta, A., Gusakov, Yu., Han, Dong, Hartmann, H., He, Shue, Hehner, J., Heine, N., Herghelegiu, A., Herrmann, N., Heß, B., Heuser, J. M., Himmi, A., Höhne, C., Holzmann, R., Hu, Dongdong, Huang, Guangming, Huang, Xinjie, Hutter, D., Ierusalimov, A., Ilgenfritz, E. -M., Irfan, M., Ivanischev, D., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, P., Ivanov, Valery, Ivanov, Victor, Ivanov, Vladimir, Ivashkin, A., Jaaskelainen, K., Jahan, H., Jain, V., Jakovlev, V., Janson, T., Jiang, Di, Jipa, A., Kadenko, I., Kähler, P., Kämpfer, B., Kalinin, V., Kallunkathariyil, J., Kampert, K. -H., Kaptur, E., Karabowicz, R., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karmanov, D., Karnaukhov, V., Karpechev, E., Kasiński, K., Kasprowicz, G., Kaur, M., Kazantsev, A., Kebschull, U., Kekelidze, G., Khan, M. M., Khan, S. A., Khanzadeev, A., Khasanov, F., Khvorostukhin, A., Kirakosyan, V., Kirejczyk, M., Kiryakov, A., Kiš, M., Kisel, I., Kisel, P., Kiselev, S., Kiss, T., Klaus, P., Kłeczek, R., Klein-Bösing, Ch., Kleipa, V., Klochkov, V., Kmon, P., Koch, K., Kochenda, L., Koczoń, P., Koenig, W., Kohn, M., Kolb, B. W., Kolosova, A., Komkov, B., Korolev, M., Korolko, I., Kotte, R., Kovalchuk, A., Kowalski, S., Koziel, M., Kozlov, G., Kozlov, V., Kramarenko, V., Kravtsov, P., Krebs, E., Kreidl, C., Kres, I., Kresan, D., Kretschmar, G., Krieger, M., Kryanev, A. V., Kryshen, E., Kuc, M., Kucewicz, W., Kucher, V., Kudin, L., Kugler, A., Kumar, Ajit, Kumar, Ashwini, Kumar, L., Kunkel, J., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, N., Kurilkin, A., Kurilkin, P., Kushpil, V., Kuznetsov, S., Kyva, V., Ladygin, V., Lara, C., Larionov, P., García, A. Laso, Lavrik, E., Lazanu, I., Lebedev, A., Lebedev, S., Lebedeva, E., Lehnert, J., Lehrbach, J., Leifels, Y., Lemke, F., Li, Cheng, Li, Qiyan, Li, Xin, Li, Yuanjing, Lindenstruth, V., Linnik, B., Liu, Feng, Lobanov, I., Lobanova, E., Löchner, S., Loizeau, P. -A., Lone, S. A., Martínez, J. A. Lucio, Luo, Xiaofeng, Lymanets, A., Lyu, Pengfei, Maevskaya, A., Mahajan, S., Mahapatra, D. P., Mahmoud, T., Maj, P., Majka, Z., Malakhov, A., Malankin, E., Malkevich, D., Malyatina, O., Malygina, H., Mandal, M. M., Mandal, S., Manko, V., Manz, S., Garcia, A. M. Marin, Markert, J., Masciocchi, S., Matulewicz, T., Meder, L., Merkin, M., Mialkovski, V., Michel, J., Miftakhov, N., Mik, L., Mikhailov, K., Mikhaylov, V., Milanović, B., Militsija, V., Miskowiec, D., Momot, I., Morhardt, T., Morozov, S., Müller, W. F. J., Müntz, C., Mukherjee, S., Castillo, C. E. Muńoz, Murin, Yu., Najman, R., Nandi, C., Nandy, E., Naumann, L., Nayak, T., Nedosekin, A., Negi, V. S., Niebur, W., Nikulin, V., Normanov, D., Oancea, A., Oh, Kunsu, Onishchuk, Yu., Ososkov, G., Otfinowski, P., Ovcharenko, E., Pal, S., Panasenko, I., Panda, N. R., Parzhitskiy, S., Patel, V., Pauly, C., Penschuck, M., Peshekhonov, D., Peshekhonov, V., Petráček, V., Petri, M., Petriş, M., Petrovici, A., Petrovici, M., Petrovskiy, A., Petukhov, O., Pfeifer, D., Piasecki, K., Pieper, J., Pietraszko, J., Płaneta, R., Plotnikov, V., Plujko, V., Pluta, J., Pop, A., Pospisil, V., Poźniak, K., Prakash, A., Prasad, S. K., Prokudin, M., Pshenichnov, I., Pugach, M., Pugatch, V., Querchfeld, S., Rabtsun, S., Radulescu, L., Raha, S., Rami, F., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Raportirenko, A., Rautenberg, J., Rauza, J., Ray, R., Razin, S., Reichelt, P., Reinecke, S., Reinefeld, A., Reshetin, A., Ristea, C., Ristea, O., Rodriguez, A. Rodriguez, Roether, F., Romaniuk, R., Rost, A., Rostchin, E., Rostovtseva, I., Roy, Amitava, Roy, Ankhi, Rożynek, J., Ryabov, Yu., Sadovsky, A., Sahoo, R., Sahu, P. K., Sahu, S. K., Saini, J., Samanta, S., Sambyal, S. S., Samsonov, V., Rosado, J. Sánchez, Sander, O., Sarangi, S., Satława, T., Sau, S., Saveliev, V., Schatral, S., Schiaua, C., Schintke, F., Schmidt, C. J., Schmidt, H. R., Schmidt, K., Scholten, J., Schweda, K., Seck, F., Seddiki, S., Selyuzhenkov, I., Semennikov, A., Senger, A., Senger, P., Shabanov, A., Shabunov, A., Shao, Ming, Sheremetiev, A. D., Shi, Shusu, Shumeiko, N., Shumikhin, V., Sibiryak, I., Sikora, B., Simakov, A., Simon, C., Simons, C., Singaraju, R. N., Singh, A. K., Singh, B. K., Singh, C. P., Singhal, V., Singla, M., Sitzmann, P., Siwek-Wilczyńska, K., Škoda, L., Skwira-Chalot, I., Som, I., Song, Guofeng, Song, Jihye, Sosin, Z., Soyk, D., Staszel, P., Strikhanov, M., Strohauer, S., Stroth, J., Sturm, C., Sultanov, R., Sun, Yongjie, Svirida, D., Svoboda, O., Szabó, A., Szczygieł, R., Talukdar, R., Tang, Zebo, Tanha, M., Tarasiuk, J., Tarassenkova, O., Târzilă, M. -G., Teklishyn, M., Tischler, T., Tlustý, P., Tölyhi, T., Toia, A., Topil'skaya, N., Träger, M., Tripathy, S., Tsakov, I., Tsyupa, Yu., Turowiecki, A., Tuturas, N. G., Uhlig, F., Usenko, E., Valin, I., Varga, D., Vassiliev, I., Vasylyev, O., Verbitskaya, E., Verhoeven, W., Veshikov, A., Visinka, R., Viyogi, Y. P., Volkov, S., Volochniuk, A., Vorobiev, A., Voronin, Aleksey, Voronin, Alexander, Vovchenko, V., Vznuzdaev, M., Wang, Dong, Wang, Xi-Wei, Wang, Yaping, Wang, Yi, Weber, M., Wendisch, C., Wessels, J. P., Wiebusch, M., Wiechula, J., Wielanek, D., Wieloch, A., Wilms, A., Winckler, N., Winter, M., Wiśniewski, K., Wolf, Gy., Won, Sanguk, Wu, Ke-Jun, Wüstenfeld, J., Xiang, Changzhou, Xu, Nu, Yang, Junfeng, Yang, Rongxing, Yin, Zhongbao, Yoo, In-Kwon, Yuldashev, B., Yushmanov, I., Zabołotny, W., Zaitsev, Yu., Zamiatin, N. I., Zanevsky, Yu., Zhalov, M., Zhang, Yifei, Zhang, Yu, Zhao, Lei, Zheng, Jiajun, Zheng, Sheng, Zhou, Daicui, Zhou, Jing, Zhu, Xianglei, Zinchenko, A., Zipper, W., Żoładź, M., Zrelov, P., Zryuev, V., Zumbruch, P., and Zyzak, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 (sqrt(s_NN) = 2.7 - 4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (mu_B > 500 MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation-of-state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2022, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter., Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. Published in European Physical Journal A

Published
2016
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5. Production of deuterium, tritium, and $^3$He in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A, and 158A GeV at the CERN SPS

Author

NA49 Collaboration, Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Production of $d$, $t$, and $^3$He nuclei in central Pb+Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS. Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. The coalescence parameters $B_2$ and $B_3$, as well as coalescence radii for $d$ and $^3$He were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies., Comment: 22 pages, 29 figures, 8 tables, for submission to Phys. Rev. C

Published
2016
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6. Measurement of event-by-event transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations using strongly intensive measures $\Delta[P_T, N]$ and $\Sigma[P_T, N]$ in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Author

NA49 Collaboration, Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Buncic, P., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gazdzicki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Hohne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Mackowiak-Pawlowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A., Melkumov, G., Mitrovski, M., Mrowczynski, S., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Puhlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczynski, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Rustamov, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Strobele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wlodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Results from the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS are presented on event-by-event transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations of charged particles, produced at forward rapidities in central Pb+Pb interactions at beam momenta 20$A$, 30$A$, 40$A$, 80$A$, and 158$A$ GeV/c, as well as in systems of different size ($p+p$, C+C, Si+Si, and Pb+Pb) at 158$A$ GeV/c. This publication extends the previous NA49 measurements of the strongly intensive measure $\Phi_{p_T}$ by a study of the recently proposed strongly intensive measures of fluctuations $\Delta[P_T, N]$ and $\Sigma[P_T, N]$. In the explored kinematic region transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations show no significant energy dependence in the SPS energy range. However, a remarkable system size dependence is observed for both $\Delta[P_T, N]$ and $\Sigma[P_T, N]$, with the largest values measured in peripheral Pb+Pb interactions. The results are compared with NA61/SHINE measurements in $p+p$ collisions, as well as with predictions of the UrQMD and EPOS models., Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures, to be submitted to PRC

Published
2015
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8. Phase-space dependence of particle-ratio fluctuations in Pb+Pb collisions from 20A to 158A GeV beam energy

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A., Melkumov, G., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, S., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Rustamov, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Słodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A novel approach, the identity method, was used for particle identification and the study of fluctuations of particle yield ratios in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). This procedure allows to unfold the moments of the unknown multiplicity distributions of protons (p), kaons (K), pions ($\pi$) and electrons (e). Using these moments the excitation function of the fluctuation measure $\nu_{\text{\text{dyn}}}$[A,B] was measured, with A and B denoting different particle types. The obtained energy dependence of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ agrees with previously published NA49 results on the related measure $\sigma_{\text{dyn}}$. Moreover, $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ was found to depend on the phase space coverage for [K,p] and [K,$\pi$] pairs. This feature most likely explains the reported differences between measurements of NA49 and those of STAR in central Au+Au collisions.

Published
2013
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9. Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at $158A$ GeV

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, J., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A., Antoniou, N. G., Davis, N., and Diakonos, F. K.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We look for fluctuations expected for the QCD critical point using an intermittency analysis in the transverse momentum phase space of protons produced around midrapidity in the 12.5\% most central C+C, Si+Si and Pb+Pb collisions at the maximum SPS energy of 158$A$~GeV. We find evidence of power-law fluctuations for the Si+Si data. The fitted power-law exponent $\phi_{2} = 0.96^{+0.38}_{-0.25}\text{ (stat.)}$ $\pm 0.16\text{ (syst.)}$ is consistent with the va\-lue expected for critical fluctuations. Power-law fluctuations had previously also been observed in low-mass $\pi^+ \pi^-$ pairs in the same Si+Si collisions., Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures

Published
2012

10. System-size and centrality dependence of charged kaon and pion production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at 40A GeV and158A GeV beam energy

Author

NA49 Collaboration, Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Buncic, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Dinkelaker, P., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gazdzicki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kliemant, M., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kollegger, T., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Lungwitz, B., Mackowiak, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrowczynski, St., Nicolic, V., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczynski, M., Rybicki, 1 A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Utvic, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wlodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Measurements of charged pion and kaon production are presented in centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at 40A GeV and 158A GeV beam energy as well as in semi-central C+C and Si+Si interactions at 40A GeV. Transverse mass spectra, rapidity spectra and total yields are determined as a function of centrality. The system-size and centrality dependence of relative strangeness production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at 40A GeV and 158A GeV beam energy are derived from the data presented here and published data for C+C and Si+Si collisions at 158A GeV beam energy. At both energies a steep increase with centrality is observed for small systems followed by a weak rise or even saturation for higher centralities. This behavior is compared to calculations using transport models (UrQMD and HSD), a percolation model and the core-corona approach., Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables, typo table II corrected

Published
2012
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11. Proton -- Lambda Correlations in Central Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt(s_{NN}) = 17.3 GeV

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Buncic, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gazdzicki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Hohne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Mackowiak, M. K., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G., Mitrovski, M., Mrowczynski, St., Nicolic, V., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Puhlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczynski, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Strobele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Utvic, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wlodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The momentum correlation between protons and lambda particles emitted from central Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_{NN}) = 17.3 GeV was studied by the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS. A clear enhancement is observed for small relative momenta (q_{inv} < 0.2 GeV). By fitting a theoretical model, which uses the strong interaction between the proton and the lambda in a given pair, to the measured data a value for the effective source size is deduced. Assuming a static Gaussian source distribution we derive an effective radius parameter of R_G = 3.02 \pm 0.20$(stat.)^{+0.44}_{-0.16}(syst.) fm., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C

Published
2011
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12. Energy dependence of kaon-to-proton ratio fluctuations in central Pb+Pb collisions from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 6.3 to 17.3 GeV

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kollegger, T., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Mackowiak, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Nicolic, V., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Utvić, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Kaons and protons carry large parts of two conserved quantities, strangeness and baryon number. It is argued that their correlation and thus also fluctuations are sensitive to conditions prevailing at the anticipated parton-hadron phase boundary. Fluctuations of the $(\mathrm{K}^+ + \mathrm{K}^-)/(\mathrm{p}+\bar{\mathrm{p}})$ and $\mathrm{K}^+/\mathrm{p}$ ratios have been measured for the first time by NA49 in central Pb+Pb collisions at 5 SPS energies between $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 6.3 GeV and 17.3 GeV. Both ratios exhibit a change of sign in $\sigma_{\mathrm{dyn}}$, a measure of non-statistical fluctuations, around $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 8 GeV. Below this energy, $\sigma_{\mathrm{dyn}}$ is positive, indicating higher fluctuation compared to a mixed event background sample, while for higher energies, $\sigma_{\mathrm{dyn}}$ is negative, indicating correlated emission of kaons and protons. The results are compared to UrQMD calculations which which give a good description at the higher SPS energies, but fail to reproduce the transition to positive values., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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13. Centrality dependence of proton and antiproton spectra in Pb+Pb collisions at 40A GeV and 158A GeV measured at the CERN SPS

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Buncic, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gazdzicki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Mackowiak, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrowczynski, S., Nicolic, V., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Strobele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Utvic, M., Varga, D., Veres, M. Vassiliou G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The yields of (anti-)protons were measured by the NA49 Collaboration in centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at 40A GeV and 158A GeV. Particle identification was obtained in the laboratory momentum range from 5 to 63 GeV/c by the measurement of the energy loss dE/dx in the TPC detector gas. The corresponding rapidity coverage extends 1.6 units from mid-rapidity into the forward hemisphere. Transverse mass spectra, the rapidity dependences of the average transverse mass, and rapidity density distributions were studied as a function of collision centrality. The values of the average transverse mass as well as the midrapidity yields of protons when normalized to the number of wounded nucleons show only modest centrality dependences. In contrast, the shape of the rapidity distribution changes significantly with collision centrality, especially at 40A GeV. The experimental results are compared to calculations of the HSD and UrQMD transport models., Comment: 25 pages, 12 figures, submitted to PRC

Published
2010
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14. NA49 evidence for the onset of deconfinement

Author

Friese, V.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We review the experimental results obtained by the NA49 collaboration in the context of its beam energy scan programme. The data on particle yields and spectral distributions suggest that the deconfinement phase transition is first reached in central collisions of heavy nuclei at about 30A GeV beam energy. Hadron-string transport models as well as the hadron gas model fail to describe the observed energy dependences unless additional parameters or unmeasured states are included., Comment: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement (CPOD 2009), Brookhaven, USA, June 2009

Published
2009

15. Inclusive production of protons, anti-protons and neutrons in p+p collisions at 158 GeV/c beam momentum

Author

NA49 Collaboration, Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Cerny, V., Chvala, O., Dolejsi, J., Eckardt, V., Fischer, H. G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V., Kowalski, M., Kreps, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, S., Renfordt, R., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szymanski, P., Trubnikov, V., Varga, D., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Wenig, S., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

New data on the production of protons, anti-protons and neutrons in p+p interactions are presented. The data come from a sample of 4.8 million inelastic events obtained with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS at 158 GeV/c beam momentum. The charged baryons are identified by energy loss measurement in a large TPC tracking system. Neutrons are detected in a forward hadronic calorimeter. Inclusive invariant cross sections are obtained in intervals from 0 to 1.9 GeV/c (0 to 1.5 GeV/c) in transverse momentum and from -0.05 to 0.95 (-0.05 to 0.4) in Feynman x for protons (anti-protons), respectively. pT integrated neutron cross sections are given in the interval from 0.1 to 0.9 in Feynman x. The data are compared to a wide sample of existing results in the SPS and ISR energy ranges as well as to proton and neutron measurements from HERA and RHIC., Comment: 69 pages, 72 figures

Published
2009
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16. Energy dependence of phi meson production in central Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_nn) = 6 to 17 GeV

Author

Alt, C., Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Botje, M., Bracinik, J., Bramm, R., Buncic, P., Cerny, V., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Csato, P., Dinkelaker, P., Eckardt, V., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gal, J., Gazdzicki, M., Genchev, V., Georgopoulos, G., Galadysz, E., Grebieszkow, K., Hegyi, S., Hoehne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kikola, D., Kliemant, M., Kniege, S., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kollegger, T., Kornas, E., Korus, R., Kowalski, M., Kraus, I., Kreps, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Levai, P., Litov, L., Lungwitz, B., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mischke, A., Mitrovski, M., Molnar, J., Mrowczynski, St., Nicolic, V., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Panayotov, D., Petridis, A., Peryt, W., Pikna, M., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Puehlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczynski, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Strabel, C., Stroebele, H., Susa, T., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Szuba, M., Szymanski, P., Trubnikov, V., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wetzler, A., Walodarczyk, Z., Yoo, I. K., and Zimanyi, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Phi meson production is studied by the NA49 Collaboration in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A and 158A GeV beam energy. The data are compared with measurements at lower and higher energies and to microscopic and thermal models. The energy dependence of yields and spectral distributions is compatible with the assumption that partonic degrees of freedom set in at low SPS energies., Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables

Published
2008
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17. Event-by-event transverse momentum fluctuations in nuclear collisions at CERN SPS

Author

Grebieszkow, K., Alt, C., Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Botje, M., Bracinik, J., Bramm, R., Bunčić, P., Cerny, V., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Csató, P., Dinkelaker, P., Eckardt, V., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gál, J., Gaździcki, M., Genchev, V., Georgopoulos, G., Gładysz, E., Hegyi, S., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kikola, D., Kliemant, M., Kniege, S., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kornas, E., Korus, R., Kowalski, M., Kraus, I., Kreps, M., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Lévai, P., Litov, L., Lungwitz, B., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mischke, A., Mitrovski, M., Molnár, J., Mrówczyński, St., Nicolic, V., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Panayotov, D., Petridis, A., Peryt, W., Pikna, M., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Strabel, C., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szentpétery, I., Sziklai, J., Szuba, M., Szymanski, P., Trubnikov, V., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Wetzler, A., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek, A., Yoo, I. K., and Zimányi, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The latest NA49 results on event-by-event transverse momentum fluctuations are presented for central Pb+Pb interactions over the whole SPS energy range (20A - 158A GeV). Two different methods are applied: evaluating the $\Phi_{p_{T}}$ fluctuation measure and studying two-particle transverse momentum correlations. The obtained results are compared to predictions of the UrQMD model. The results on the energy dependence are compared to the NA49 data on the system size dependence. The NA61 (SHINE, NA49-future) strategy of searching of the QCD critical end-point is also discussed., Comment: proceedings article from CPOD07 (figure 7 - updated, reference 2 - modified)

Published
2007

18. New Results from NA49

Author

Friese, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We present recent results of the SPS experiment NA49 on production of strange particles and event-by-event fluctuations of mean $p_t$ and of charged particle ratios in central Pb+Pb collisions at various beam energies (40, 80, 158 AGeV) as well as in different collisions at 158 AGeV, going from p+p over light-ion collisions to peripheral and central Pb+Pb., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures (in eps) talk given at XXXI International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics, Sep. 1-7, 2001, Datong China URL http://ismd31.ccnu.edu.cn/

Published
2001
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19. Production of phi-mesons in p+p, p+Pb and central Pb+Pb collisions at Ebeam = 158 A GeV

Author

Afanasiev, S.V., Anticic, T., Bachler, J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blume, C., Blyth, C.O., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Brady, F.P., Brun, R., Buncic, P., Carr, L., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Csato, P., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferenc, D., Fischer, H.G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Ftacnik, J., Gal, J., Ganz, R., Gazdzicki, M., Gladysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Hlinka, V., Hohne, C., Igo, G., Ivanov, M., Jacobs, P., Janik, R., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Levai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Mayes, B.W., Melkumov, G.L., Mischke, A., Molnar, J., Nelson, J.M., Odyniec, G., Oldenburg, M.D., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Pinsky, L., Poskanzer, A.M., Prindle, D.J., Puhlhofer, F., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Rohrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schafer, E., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Snellings, R., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Strmen, P., Strobele, H., Susa, T., Szarka, I., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., and Varga, D.

Published
2000

20. Centrality Dependence of Directed and Elliptic Flow at the SPS

Author

Poskanzer, Arthur M., Voloshin, Sergei A., NA49 Collaboration, Bachler, J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blume, C., Blyth, C.O., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Brady, F.P., Brockmann, R., Brun, R., Buncic, P., Carr, L., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Csato, P., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferenc, D., Fischer, H.G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Ftacnik, J., Gal, J., Ganz, R., Gazdzicki, M., Gladysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Hlinka, V., Hohne, C., Igo, G., Ivanov, M., Jacobs, P., Janik, R., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Levai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Mayes, B.W., Melkumov, G.L., Molnar, J., Nelson, J.M., Odyniec, G., Oldenburg, M.D., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Pinsky, L., Poskanzer, A.M., Prindle, D.J., Puhlhofer, F., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Rohrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schafer, E., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Snellings, R., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Strmen, P., Stroebele, H., Susa, T., Szarka, I., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., and Ullrich, T.

Subjects
relativistic SPS NA49 flow centrality
Abstract

New data with a minimum bias trigger for 158 GeV/nucleon Pb + Pb have been analyzed. Directed and elliptic flow as a function of rapidity of the particles and centrality of the collision are presented. The centrality dependence of the ratio of elliptic flow to the initial space elliptic anisotropy is compared to models.

Published
1999

21. Hadronic expansion dynamics in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon

Author

Appelshäuser, H, Bächler, J, Bailey, SJ, Barnby, LS, Bartke, J, Barton, RA, Białkowska, H, Billmeier, A, Blyth, CO, Bock, R, Bormann, C, Brady, FP, Brockmann, R, Brun, R, Bunčić, P, Caines, HL, Cebra, D, Cooper, GE, Cramer, JG, Csato, P, Dunn, J, Eckardt, V, Eckhardt, F, Ferguson, MI, Ferenc, D, Fischer, HG, Flierl, D, Fodor, Z, Foka, P, Freund, P, Friese, V, Fuchs, M, Gabler, F, Gal, J, Gaździcki, M, Gladysz, E, Grebieszkow, J, Günther, J, Harris, JW, Hegyi, S, Henkel, T, Hill, LA, Huang, I, Hümmler, H, Igo, G, Irmscher, D, Jacobs, P, Jones, PG, Kadija, K, Kolesnikov, VI, Kowalski, M, Lasiuk, B, Lévai, P, Malakhov, AI, Margetis, S, Markert, C, Melkumov, GL, Mock, A, Molnár, J, Nelson, JM, Oldenburg, M, Odyniec, G, Palla, G, Panagiotou, AD, Petridis, A, Piper, A, Porter, RJ, Poskanzer, AM, Poziombka, S, Prindle, DJ, Pühlhofer, F, Rauch, W, Reid, JG, Renfordt, R, Retyk, W, Ritter, HG, Röhrich, D, Roland, C, Roland, G, Rudolph, H, Rybicki, A, Sandoval, A, Sann, H, Semenov, AY, Schäfer, E, Schmischke, D, Schmitz, N, Schönfelder, S, Seyboth, P, Seyerlein, J, Sikler, F, Skrzypczak, E, Squier, GTA, Stock, R, Ströbele, H, Struck, C, Szentpetery, I, Sziklai, J, Toy, M, and Trainor, TA

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

Two-particle correlation functions of negative hadrons over wide phase space, and transverse mass spectra of negative hadrons and deuterons near mid-rapidity have been measured in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon by the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS. A novel Coulomb correction procedure for the negative two-particle correlations is employed making use of the measured oppositely charged particle correlation. Within an expanding source scenario these results are used to extract the dynamic characteristics of the hadronic source, resolving the ambiguities between the temperature and transverse expansion velocity of the source, that are unavoidable when single and two particle spectra are analysed separately. The source shape, the total duration of the source expansion, the duration of particle emission, the freeze-out temperature and the longitudinal and transverse expansion velocities are deduced.

Published
1998

22. Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Author

Ablyazimov, T., Abuhoza, A., Adak, R. P., Adamczyk, M., Agarwal, K., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, N., Ahmad, S., Akindinov, A., Akishin, P., Akishina, E., Akishina, T., Akishina, V., Akram, A., Al-Turany, M., Alekseev, I., Alexandrov, E., Alexandrov, I., Amar-Youcef, S., Anđelić, M., Andreeva, O., Andrei, C., Andronic, A., Anisimov, Yu., Appelshäuser, H., Argintaru, D., Atkin, E., Avdeev, S., Averbeck, R., Azmi, M. D., Baban, V., Bach, M., Badura, E., Bähr, S., Balog, T., Balzer, M., Bao, E., Baranova, N., Barczyk, T., Bartoş, D., Bashir, S., Baszczyk, M., Batenkov, O., Baublis, V., Baznat, M., Becker, J., Becker, K. -H., Belogurov, S., Belyakov, D., Bendarouach, J., Berceanu, I., Bercuci, A., Berdnikov, A., Berdnikov, Y., Berendes, R., Berezin, G., Bergmann, C., Bertini, D., Bertini, O., Beşliu, C., Bezshyyko, O., Bhaduri, P. P., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bhattacharjee, B., Bhattacharyya, A., Bhattacharyya, T. K., Biswas, S., Blank, T., Blau, D., Blinov, V., Blume, C., Bocharov, Yu., Book, J., Breitner, T., Brüning, U., Brzychczyk, J., Bubak, A., Büsching, H., Bus, T., Butuzov, V., Bychkov, A., Byszuk, A., Cai, Xu, Cãlin, M., Cao, Ping, Caragheorgheopol, G., Carević, I., Cătănescu, V., Chakrabarti, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaus, A., Chen, Hongfang, Chen, LuYao, Cheng, Jianping, Chepurnov, V., Cherif, H., Chernogorov, A., Ciobanu, M. I., Claus, G., Constantin, F., Csanád, M., D’Ascenzo, N., Das, Supriya, Das, Susovan, de Cuveland, J., Debnath, B., Dementiev, D., Deng, Wendi, Deng, Zhi, Deppe, H., Deppner, I., Derenovskaya, O., Deveaux, C. A., Deveaux, M., Dey, K., Dey, M., Dillenseger, P., Dobyrn, V., Doering, D., Dong, Sheng, Dorokhov, A., Dreschmann, M., Drozd, A., Dubey, A. K., Dubnichka, S., Dubnichkova, Z., Dürr, M., Dutka, L., Dželalija, M., Elsha, V. V., Emschermann, D., Engel, H., Eremin, V., Eşanu, T., Eschke, J., Eschweiler, D., Fan, Huanhuan, Fan, Xingming, Farooq, M., Fateev, O., Feng, Shengqin, Figuli, S. P. D., Filozova, I., Finogeev, D., Fischer, P., Flemming, H., Förtsch, J., Frankenfeld, U., Friese, V., Friske, E., Fröhlich, I., Frühauf, J., Gajda, J., Galatyuk, T., Gangopadhyay, G., García Chávez, C., Gebelein, J., Ghosh, P., Ghosh, S. K., Gläßel, S., Goffe, M., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golovatyuk, V., Golovnya, S., Golovtsov, V., Golubeva, M., Golubkov, D., Gómez Ramírez, A., Gorbunov, S., Gorokhov, S., Gottschalk, D., Gryboś, P., Grzeszczuk, A., Guber, F., Gudima, K., Gumiński, M., Gupta, A., Gusakov, Yu., Han, Dong, Hartmann, H., He, Shue, Hehner, J., Heine, N., Herghelegiu, A., Herrmann, N., Heß, B., Heuser, J. M., Himmi, A., Höhne, C., Holzmann, R., Hu, Dongdong, Huang, Guangming, Huang, Xinjie, Hutter, D., Ierusalimov, A., Ilgenfritz, E. -M., Irfan, M., Ivanischev, D., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, P., Ivanov, Valery, Ivanov, Victor, Ivanov, Vladimir, Ivashkin, A., Jaaskelainen, K., Jahan, H., Jain, V., Jakovlev, V., Janson, T., Jiang, Di, Jipa, A., Kadenko, I., Kähler, P., Kämpfer, B., Kalinin, V., Kallunkathariyil, J., Kampert, K. -H., Kaptur, E., Karabowicz, R., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karmanov, D., Karnaukhov, V., Karpechev, E., Kasiński, K., Kasprowicz, G., Kaur, M., Kazantsev, A., Kebschull, U., Kekelidze, G., Khan, M. M., Khan, S. A., Khanzadeev, A., Khasanov, F., Khvorostukhin, A., Kirakosyan, V., Kirejczyk, M., Kiryakov, A., Kiš, M., Kisel, I., Kisel, P., Kiselev, S., Kiss, T., Klaus, P., Kłeczek, R., Klein-Bösing, Ch., Kleipa, V., Klochkov, V., Kmon, P., Koch, K., Kochenda, L., Koczoń, P., Koenig, W., Kohn, M., Kolb, B. W., Kolosova, A., Komkov, B., Korolev, M., Korolko, I., Kotte, R., Kovalchuk, A., Kowalski, S., Koziel, M., Kozlov, G., Kozlov, V., Kramarenko, V., Kravtsov, P., Krebs, E., Kreidl, C., Kres, I., Kresan, D., Kretschmar, G., Krieger, M., Kryanev, A. V., Kryshen, E., Kuc, M., Kucewicz, W., Kucher, V., Kudin, L., Kugler, A., Kumar, Ajit, Kumar, Ashwini, Kumar, L., Kunkel, J., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, N., Kurilkin, A., Kurilkin, P., Kushpil, V., Kuznetsov, S., Kyva, V., Ladygin, V., Lara, C., Larionov, P., Laso García, A., Lavrik, E., Lazanu, I., Lebedev, A., Lebedev, S., Lebedeva, E., Lehnert, J., Lehrbach, J., Leifels, Y., Lemke, F., Li, Cheng, Li, Qiyan, Li, Xin, Li, Yuanjing, Lindenstruth, V., Linnik, B., Liu, Feng, Lobanov, I., Lobanova, E., Löchner, S., Loizeau, P. -A., Lone, S. A., Lucio Martínez, J. A., Luo, Xiaofeng, Lymanets, A., Lyu, Pengfei, Maevskaya, A., Mahajan, S., Mahapatra, D. P., Mahmoud, T., Maj, P., Majka, Z., Malakhov, A., Malankin, E., Malkevich, D., Malyatina, O., Malygina, H., Mandal, M. M., Mandal, S., Manko, V., Manz, S., Marin Garcia, A. M., Markert, J., Masciocchi, S., Matulewicz, T., Meder, L., Merkin, M., Mialkovski, V., Michel, J., Miftakhov, N., Mik, L., Mikhailov, K., Mikhaylov, V., Milanović, B., Militsija, V., Miskowiec, D., Momot, I., Morhardt, T., Morozov, S., Müller, W. F. J., Müntz, C., Mukherjee, S., Muñoz Castillo, C. E., Murin, Yu., Najman, R., Nandi, C., Nandy, E., Naumann, L., Nayak, T., Nedosekin, A., Negi, V. S., Niebur, W., Nikulin, V., Normanov, D., Oancea, A., Oh, Kunsu, Onishchuk, Yu., Ososkov, G., Otfinowski, P., Ovcharenko, E., Pal, S., Panasenko, I., Panda, N. R., Parzhitskiy, S., Patel, V., Pauly, C., Penschuck, M., Peshekhonov, D., Peshekhonov, V., Petráček, V., Petri, M., Petriş, M., Petrovici, A., Petrovici, M., Petrovskiy, A., Petukhov, O., Pfeifer, D., Piasecki, K., Pieper, J., Pietraszko, J., Płaneta, R., Plotnikov, V., Plujko, V., Pluta, J., Pop, A., Pospisil, V., Poźniak, K., Prakash, A., Prasad, S. K., Prokudin, M., Pshenichnov, I., Pugach, M., Pugatch, V., Querchfeld, S., Rabtsun, S., Radulescu, L., Raha, S., Rami, F., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Raportirenko, A., Rautenberg, J., Rauza, J., Ray, R., Razin, S., Reichelt, P., Reinecke, S., Reinefeld, A., Reshetin, A., Ristea, C., Ristea, O., Rodriguez Rodriguez, A., Roether, F., Romaniuk, R., Rost, A., Rostchin, E., Rostovtseva, I., Roy, Amitava, Roy, Ankhi, Rożynek, J., Ryabov, Yu., Sadovsky, A., Sahoo, R., Sahu, P. K., Sahu, S. K., Saini, J., Samanta, S., Sambyal, S. S., Samsonov, V., Sánchez Rosado, J., Sander, O., Sarangi, S., Satława, T., Sau, S., Saveliev, V., Schatral, S., Schiaua, C., Schintke, F., Schmidt, C. J., Schmidt, H. R., Schmidt, K., Scholten, J., Schweda, K., Seck, F., Seddiki, S., Selyuzhenkov, I., Semennikov, A., Senger, A., Senger, P., Shabanov, A., Shabunov, A., Shao, Ming, Sheremetiev, A. D., Shi, Shusu, Shumeiko, N., Shumikhin, V., Sibiryak, I., Sikora, B., Simakov, A., Simon, C., Simons, C., Singaraju, R. N., Singh, A. K., Singh, B. K., Singh, C. P., Singhal, V., Singla, M., Sitzmann, P., Siwek-Wilczyńska, K., Škoda, L., Skwira-Chalot, I., Som, I., Song, Guofeng, Song, Jihye, Sosin, Z., Soyk, D., Staszel, P., Strikhanov, M., Strohauer, S., Stroth, J., Sturm, C., Sultanov, R., Sun, Yongjie, Svirida, D., Svoboda, O., Szabó, A., Szczygieł, R., Talukdar, R., Tang, Zebo, Tanha, M., Tarasiuk, J., Tarassenkova, O., Târzilă, M. -G., Teklishyn, M., Tischler, T., Tlustý, P., Tölyhi, T., Toia, A., Topil’skaya, N., Träger, M., Tripathy, S., Tsakov, I., Tsyupa, Yu., Turowiecki, A., Tuturas, N. G., Uhlig, F., Usenko, E., Valin, I., Varga, D., Vassiliev, I., Vasylyev, O., Verbitskaya, E., Verhoeven, W., Veshikov, A., Visinka, R., Viyogi, Y. P., Volkov, S., Volochniuk, A., Vorobiev, A., Voronin, Aleksey, Voronin, Alexander, Vovchenko, V., Vznuzdaev, M., Wang, Dong, Wang, Xi-Wei, Wang, Yaping, Wang, Yi, Weber, M., Wendisch, C., Wessels, J. P., Wiebusch, M., Wiechula, J., Wielanek, D., Wieloch, A., Wilms, A., Winckler, N., Winter, M., Wiśniewski, K., Wolf, Gy., Won, Sanguk, Wu, Ke-Jun, Wüstenfeld, J., Xiang, Changzhou, Xu, Nu, Yang, Junfeng, Yang, Rongxing, Yin, Zhongbao, Yoo, In-Kwon, Yuldashev, B., Yushmanov, I., Zabołotny, W., Zaitsev, Yu., Zamiatin, N. I., Zanevsky, Yu., Zhalov, M., Zhang, Yifei, Zhang, Yu, Zhao, Lei, Zheng, Jiajun, Zheng, Sheng, Zhou, Daicui, Zhou, Jing, Zhu, Xianglei, Zinchenko, A., Zipper, W., Żoładź, M., Zrelov, P., Zryuev, V., Zumbruch, P., and Zyzak, M.

Published
2017
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23. CBM Experiment

Author

Höhne, C., Senger, P., Andronic, A., Antinori, F., Averbeck, R., Bellwied, R., Friese, V., Heuser, J., Holzmann, R., Leifels, Y., Miśkowiec, D., Peitzmann, T., Röhrich, D., Scomparin, E., Uhlig, F., Friman, Bengt, editor, Höhne, Claudia, editor, Knoll, Jörn, editor, Leupold, Stefan, editor, Randrup, Jorgen, editor, Rapp, Ralf, editor, and Senger, Peter, editor

Published
2011
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24. Observables and Predictions

Author

Senger, P., Bratkovskaya, E., Andronic, A., Averbeck, R., Bellwied, R., Friese, V., Fuchs, C., Knoll, J., Randrup, J., Steinheimer, J., Friman, Bengt, editor, Höhne, Claudia, editor, Knoll, Jörn, editor, Leupold, Stefan, editor, Randrup, Jorgen, editor, Rapp, Ralf, editor, and Senger, Peter, editor

Published
2011
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25. Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A., Antoniou, N. G., Davis, N., Diakonos, F. K., and (NA49 Collaboration)

Published
2015
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26. Recent Results from the NA49 Experiment

Author

Blume, C., Botje, M., van Leeuwen, M., Christakoglou, P., Georgopoulos, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Vassiliou, M., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Cerny, V., Bracinik, J., Kreps, M., Sitar, B., Barna, D., Csato, P., Fodor, Z., Gal, J., Hegyi, S., Levai, P., Molnar, J., Palla, G., Siklér, F., Varga, D., Szentpetery, I., Veres, G. I., Zimanyi, J., Vesztergombi, G., Sziklai, J., Roland, C., Roland, G., Bartke, J., Gladysz, E., Kornas, E., Kowalski, M., Rybicki, A., Kraus, I., Foka, P., Friese, V., Markert, C., Mischke, A., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Vranic, D., Baatar, B., Malakhov, A. I., Kolesnikov, V. I., Melkumov, G. L., Kollegger, T., Meurer, C., Betev, L., Billmeier, A., Bramm, R., Dinkelaker, P., Flierl, D., Gazdzicki, M., Mitrovski, M., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Zaranek, J., Wetzler, A., Renfordt, R., Buncic, P., Brun, R., Fischer, H. G., Wenig, S., Mayes, B. W., Pinsky, L., Korus, R., Mrowczynski, St., Rybczynski, M., Stefanek, G., Wlodarczyk, Z., Behler, M., Höhne, C., Pühlhofer, F., Eckardt, V., Filip, P., Freund, P., Karev, A., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Chvala, O., Yoo, I. K., Cramer, J. G., Reid, J. G., Trainor, T. A., Darmenov, N., Dimitrov, A., Litov, L., Makariev, M., Mateev, M., Panayotov, D., Bialkowska, H., Boimska, B., Perl, K., Retyk, W., Skrzypczak, E., Susa, T., Anticic, T., Kadija, K., Greiner, Walter, editor, Itkis, Mikhail G., editor, Reinhardt, Joachim, editor, and Güçlü, Mehmet Cem, editor

Published
2004
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28. Commissioning and testing of pre-series triple GEM prototypes for CBM-MuCh in the mCBM experiment at the SIS18 facility of GSI

Author

Kumar, A., primary, Agarwal, A., additional, Chatterjee, S., additional, Chattopadhyay, S., additional, Dubey, A.K., additional, Ghosh, C., additional, Nandy, E., additional, Negi, V., additional, Prasad, S.K., additional, Saini, J., additional, Singhal, V., additional, Singh, O., additional, Sikder, G., additional, de Cuveland, J., additional, Deppner, I., additional, Emschermann, D., additional, Friese, V., additional, Frühauf, J., additional, Gumiński, M., additional, Herrmann, N., additional, Hutter, D., additional, Kis, M., additional, Lehnert, J., additional, Loizeau, P.-A., additional, Schmidt, C.J., additional, Sturm, C., additional, Uhlig, F., additional, and Zabołotny, W., additional

Published
2021
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31. Evidence for the onset of deconfinement and quest for the critical point by NA49 at the CERN SPS

Author

Melkumov, G. L., Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kolleger, T., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Mackowiak, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Nicolic, N., Pálla, G., Planagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Utvić, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vestergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Published
2012
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32. Inclusive production of protons, anti-protons and neutrons in p+p collisions at 158 GeV/c beam momentum

Author

Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Cerny, V., Chvala, O., Dolejsi, J., Eckardt, V., Fischer, H. G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V., Kowalski, M., Kreps, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, S., Renfordt, R., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szymanski, P., Trubnikov, V., Varga, D., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Wenig, S., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek, A., and The NA49 Collaboration

Published
2010
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33. Inclusive production of charged pions in p + C collisions at 158 GeV/c beam momentum

Author

Alt, C., Baatar, B., Barna, D., Barr, G., Bartke, J., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Bramm, R., Buncić, P., Cerny, V., Christakoglou, P., Chvala, O., Dinkelaker, P., Dolejsi, J., Eckardt, V., Fischer, H.G., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Georgopoulos, G., Höhne, C., Karev, A., Kniege, S., Kollegger, T., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kornas, E., Kowalski, M., Kraus, I., Kreps, M., Litov, L., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A.I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G.L., Mitrovski, M., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Panayotov, D., Pattison, C., Petridis, A., Renfordt, R., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Sziklai, J., Szymanski, P., Trubnikov, V., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G.I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Wenig, S., Wetzler, A., Zaranek, J., and The NA Collaboration

Published
2007
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34. CBM Collaboration

Author

Ablyazimov, T., primary, Adak, R.P., additional, Adler, A., additional, Agarwal, A., additional, Agarwal, K., additional, Ahammed, Z., additional, Ahmad, A., additional, Ahmad, F., additional, Ahmad, N., additional, Akindinov, A., additional, Akishin, P., additional, Akishina, V., additional, Al-Turany, M., additional, Alekseev, I., additional, Alexandrov, E., additional, Alexandrov, I., additional, Andronic, A., additional, Appelshäuser, H., additional, Argintaru, D., additional, Arnoldi-Meadows, B., additional, Atkin, E., additional, Azmi, M.D., additional, Baban, V., additional, Bähr, S., additional, Bajdel, M., additional, Balassa, G., additional, Balzer, M., additional, Baranova, N., additional, Bashir, S., additional, Baszczyk, M., additional, Bechtel, E., additional, Becker, J., additional, Becker, K.-H., additional, Becker, M., additional, Beckhoff, J., additional, Belogurov, S., additional, Belousov, A., additional, Bendarouach, J., additional, Bercuci, A., additional, Berendes, R., additional, Bertini, D., additional, Bertini, O., additional, Bezshyyko, O., additional, Bhaduri, P.P., additional, Bhasin, A., additional, Bhat, S.A., additional, Bhat, W.A., additional, Bhattacharjee, B., additional, Bhattacharyya, A., additional, Bhattacharyya, T.K., additional, Biswas, S., additional, Blank, T., additional, Blau, D., additional, Blume, C., additional, Brzychczyk, J., additional, Bus, T., additional, Bychkov, A., additional, Cãlin, M., additional, Caselle, M., additional, Chakrabarti, A., additional, Chatterjee, S., additional, Chattopadhyay, S., additional, Chaus, A., additional, Cherif, H., additional, Chudoba, P., additional, Clerkin, E., additional, Csanád, M., additional, Dahm, P., additional, Das, Supriya, additional, Susovan, Das, additional, de Cuveland, J., additional, Demanov, A., additional, Dementiev, D., additional, Deng, Wendi, additional, Deng, Zhi, additional, Deppe, H., additional, Deppner, I., additional, Derenovskaya, O., additional, Deveaux, M., additional, Ding, Zhiguo, additional, Dong, Sheng, additional, Dorenskaya, E., additional, Dorosz, P., additional, Dubey, A.K., additional, Dubla, A., additional, Dürr, M., additional, Elsha, V.V., additional, Emschermann, D., additional, Engel, H., additional, Eşanu, T., additional, Eschke, J., additional, Esen, M., additional, Fan, Xingming, additional, Fateev, O., additional, Feier-Riesen, C., additional, Feng, Sheng-Qin, additional, Fidorra, F., additional, Figuli, S.P.D., additional, Finogeev, D., additional, Fischer, P., additional, Flemming, H., additional, Förtsch, J., additional, Foka, P., additional, Frankenfeld, U., additional, Friese, V., additional, Friske, E., additional, Fröhlich, I., additional, Frühauf, J., additional, Galatyuk, T., additional, Ganai, R., additional, Gangopadhyay, G., additional, Gao, Xin, additional, Gasik, P., additional, Geßler, T., additional, Ghosh, C., additional, Ghosh, S.K., additional, Giang, D., additional, Gläßel, S., additional, Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., additional, Golosov, O., additional, Golovnya, S., additional, Golubeva, M., additional, Golubkov, D., additional, Gope, S., additional, Gorbunov, S., additional, Gorokhov, S., additional, Gottschalk, D., additional, Gryboś, P., additional, Guber, F., additional, Gumiński, M., additional, Gupta, A., additional, Gusakov, Yu., additional, Haas, R., additional, Han, Dong, additional, Hartmann, H., additional, He, Shu, additional, Hehner, J., additional, Heine, N., additional, Herrmann, N., additional, Heuser, J.M., additional, Höhne, C., additional, Holzmann, R., additional, Hu, Dongdong, additional, Huang, Guangming, additional, Huang, Xinjie, additional, Hutter, D., additional, Irfan, M., additional, Ivanishchev, D., additional, Ivanov, P., additional, Ivanov, Victor, additional, Ivanov, Vladimir, additional, Ivashkin, A., additional, Izvestnyy, A., additional, Jahan, H., additional, Janson, T., additional, Jash, A., additional, Jipa, A., additional, Kadenko, I., additional, Kähler, P., additional, Kämpfer, B., additional, Kampert, K.-H., additional, Kapell, R., additional, Karabowicz, R., additional, Kargin, N., additional, Karmanov, D., additional, Karpushkin, N., additional, Kashirin, E., additional, Kashyap, V.K.S., additional, Kasiński, K., additional, Kasprowicz, G., additional, Kazantsev, A., additional, Kebschull, U., additional, Kekelidze, G., additional, Khan, M.M., additional, Khan, S., additional, Khanzadeev, A., additional, Khasanov, F., additional, Kiryakov, A., additional, Kiš, M., additional, Kisel, I., additional, Kisel, P., additional, Kiselev, S., additional, Kiss, T., additional, Klaus, P., additional, Kłeczek, R., additional, Klein-Bösing, Ch., additional, Klochkov, V., additional, Kmon, P., additional, Koch, K., additional, Kochenda, L., additional, Koczoń, P., additional, Kohn, M., additional, Kolb, R., additional, Kolozhvari, A., additional, Komkov, B., additional, Korolev, M., additional, Korolko, I., additional, Kot, O., additional, Kotte, R., additional, Kovalchuk, O., additional, Koziel, M., additional, Kozlov, G., additional, Kozlov, V., additional, Kravtsov, P., additional, Kres, I., additional, Kresan, D., additional, Kruszewski, M., additional, Kryanev, A.V., additional, Kryshen, E., additional, Krzyżanowska, A., additional, Kucewicz, W., additional, Kudin, L., additional, Kudryashov, I., additional, Kugler, A., additional, Kuhl, P., additional, Kumar, Ajay, additional, Kumar, Ajit, additional, Kumar, L., additional, Kundu, S.K., additional, Kurepin, A., additional, Kurepin, N., additional, Kurilkin, P., additional, Kuznetsov, S., additional, Kyva, V., additional, Ladygin, V., additional, Lara, C., additional, Lavrik, E., additional, Lazanu, I., additional, Lebedev, A., additional, Lebedev, S., additional, Lebedeva, E., additional, Lehnert, J., additional, Leifels, Y., additional, Li, Chao, additional, Li, Yuanjing, additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Liu, Feng, additional, Lobanov, I., additional, Lobanova, E., additional, Löchner, S., additional, Loizeau, P.-A., additional, Łojek, K., additional, Lubynets, O., additional, Lucio Martínez, J.A., additional, Luo, Xiaofeng, additional, Lymanets, A., additional, Lyu, Pengfei, additional, Lyublev, N., additional, Ma, Jian-Hao, additional, Maevskaya, A., additional, Mahajan, S., additional, Maj, P., additional, Majka, Z., additional, Malakhov, A., additional, Malankin, E., additional, Malkevich, D., additional, Mallick, B., additional, Malyatina, O., additional, Mandal, M., additional, Manko, V., additional, Maragoto Rodriguez, O., additional, Marin Garcia, A.M., additional, Markert, J., additional, Matulewicz, T., additional, Mehta, S., additional, Merkin, M., additional, Meyer-Ahrens, A., additional, Michel, J., additional, Miedzik, P., additional, Mik, L., additional, Mikhailov, K., additional, Mikhaylov, V., additional, Militsija, V., additional, Mir, M.F., additional, Miskowiec, D., additional, Mohanty, B., additional, Momot, I., additional, Morgenweck, H., additional, Morhardt, T., additional, Morozov, S., additional, Mühlheim, D., additional, Müller, W.F.J., additional, Müntz, C., additional, Mukherjee, S., additional, Munkes, P., additional, Murin, Yu., additional, Nandy, E., additional, Naumann, L., additional, Nayak, T., additional, Nickels, F., additional, Niebur, W., additional, Nikulin, V., additional, Normanov, D., additional, Olar, A., additional, Otfinowski, P., additional, Otto, J.H., additional, Ovcharenko, E., additional, Pan, Liang-ming, additional, Panasenko, I., additional, Pandey, S., additional, Parfenov, P., additional, Parzhitskiy, S., additional, Patel, V., additional, Pauly, C., additional, Petráček, V., additional, Petri, M., additional, Petriş, M., additional, Petrovici, M., additional, Petukhov, O., additional, Pfeifer, D., additional, Pfistner, P., additional, Piasecki, K., additional, Pietraszko, J., additional, Pitsch, G., additional, Płaneta, R., additional, Plotnikov, V., additional, Plujko, V., additional, Pluta, J., additional, Poźniak, K., additional, Prasad, S.K., additional, Prokudin, M., additional, Prozorov, A., additional, Pugach, M., additional, Pugatch, V., additional, Puntke, A., additional, Querchfeld, S., additional, Radulescu, L., additional, Raha, S., additional, Raisig, P., additional, Raja, W., additional, Ramazanov, D., additional, Rautenberg, J., additional, Ray, R., additional, Redelbach, A., additional, Rehman, T., additional, Reinefeld, A., additional, Reshetin, A., additional, Ristea, C., additional, Ristea, O., additional, Rodriguez Rodriguez, A., additional, Roether, F., additional, Romaniuk, R., additional, Rost, A., additional, Rostchin, E., additional, Roy, A., additional, Roy, D., additional, Roy, S., additional, Rubio, E., additional, Rustamov, A., additional, Ryabov, Yu., additional, Sahoo, R., additional, Sahu, P.K., additional, Sahu, S.K., additional, Saini, J., additional, Salem, F., additional, Samanta, S., additional, Sambyal, S.S., additional, Samsonov, V., additional, Sander, O., additional, Sarangi, S., additional, Sau, S., additional, Schiaua, C., additional, Schintke, F., additional, Schmidt, C.J., additional, Schmidt, D., additional, Schmidt, H.R., additional, Schneider, P.M., additional, Schütt, T., additional, Seck, F., additional, Segal, I., additional, Selyuzhenkov, I., additional, Semennikov, A., additional, Sen, A., additional, Senger, A., additional, Senger, P., additional, Shabanov, A., additional, Shabunov, A., additional, Sharma, N., additional, Sheremetiev, A.D., additional, Shi, Shusu, additional, Shirinkin, S., additional, Shiroya, M., additional, Shitenkow, M., additional, Shumikhin, V., additional, Sibiryak, I., additional, Sidorenko, V., additional, Simon, C., additional, Simons, C., additional, Singh, A.K., additional, Singh, B.K., additional, Singh, C.P., additional, Singh, O., additional, Singh, R., additional, Singhal, V., additional, Škoda, L., additional, Smith, D., additional, Söhngen, Y., additional, Som, I., additional, Spicker, D., additional, Stach, D., additional, Staszel, P., additional, Storozhyk, D., additional, Strikhanov, M., additional, Stroth, J., additional, Stüllein, C., additional, Sturm, C., additional, Su, Yuan, additional, Sukhov, N., additional, Sultanov, R., additional, Sun, Yongjie, additional, Sun, Zhengyang, additional, Svirida, D., additional, Szczygieł, R., additional, Taranenko, A., additional, Tarassenkova, O., additional, Tölyhi, T., additional, Toia, A., additional, Topil'skaya, N., additional, Träger, M., additional, Traxler, M., additional, Trifonova, E., additional, Tsyupa, Yu., additional, Tuturas, N.G., additional, Uhlig, F., additional, Unger, K.L., additional, Usenko, E., additional, Varga, D., additional, Vassiliev, I., additional, Vasylyev, O., additional, Visinka, R., additional, Völkl, M., additional, Volkova, E., additional, Vorobiev, A., additional, Voronin, A., additional, Wahmes, L., additional, Wang, Botan, additional, Wang, Dong, additional, Wang, Tianxing, additional, Wang, Xinjian, additional, Wang, Yi, additional, Weber, A.A., additional, Weber, M., additional, Weidenkaff, P., additional, Weiglhofer, F., additional, Wessels, J.P., additional, Wielanek, D., additional, Wieloch, A., additional, Wilms, A., additional, Wójcik, D., additional, Wolf, Gy., additional, Wu, Ke-Jun, additional, Wu, Qiqi, additional, Yang, Junfeng, additional, Yang, Rongxing, additional, Yin, Zhongbao, additional, Yoo, In-Kwon, additional, Yuan, Jianhui, additional, Yushmanov, I., additional, Zabołotny, W., additional, Zaitsev, Yu., additional, Zamiatin, N.I., additional, Zbroszczyk, H., additional, Zhalov, M., additional, Zhang, Qiunan, additional, Zhang, Xiaoming, additional, Zhang, Yu, additional, Zhao, Yan-Qing, additional, Zheng, Sheng, additional, Zhou, Daicui, additional, Zhou, Jian, additional, Zhou, Wenxiong, additional, Zhu, Xianglei, additional, Zinchenko, A., additional, Zivko, I., additional, Żoładź, M., additional, Zorn, F., additional, Zubrzycka, W., additional, Zumbruch, P., additional, and Zyzak, M., additional

Published
2021
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35. Search for deconfinement in NA49 at the CERN SPS

Author

Seyboth, Peter, Afanasiev, S. V., Anticic, T., Barna, D., Bartke, J., Barton, R. A., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blume, C., Blyth, C. O., Boimska, B., Botje, M., Bracinik, J., Bramm, R., Brun, R., Bunci, P., Cerny, V., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Csato, P., Dinkelaker, P., Eckardt, V., Filip, P., Fischer, H. G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Gal, J., Gaździcki, M., Georgopoulos, G., Gladysz, E., Hegyi, S., Hohne, C., Jones, P. G., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kollegger, T., Kowalski, M., Kraus, I., Kreps, M., van Leeuwen, M., Levai, P., Malakhov, A. I., Markert, C., WMayes, B., Melkumov, G. L., Mischke, A., Molnar, J., Nelson, J. M., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Perl, K., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Pinsky, L., Puhlhofer, F., Reid, J. G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, Peter, Sikler, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Squier, G. T. A., Stock, R., Strobele, H., Susa, T., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Trainor, T. A., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wenig, S., Wetzler, A., KYoo, I., Zaranek, J., and Zimanyi, J.

Published
2003
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37. Spectator Nucleons in Pb+Pb Collisions at 158 A·GeV

Author

Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Bailey, S.J., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R. A., Białkowska, H., Blyth, C.O., Bock, R., Bormann, C., Brady, F.P., Brockmann, R., Buncic, N., Buncic, P., Caines, H.L., Cebra, D., Chan, P., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Cramer, P.B., Csato, P., Dunn, J., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferguson, M.I., Fischer, H.G., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Fuchs, M., Gabler, F., Gal, J., Gaździcki, M., Gładysz, E., Gorodetsky, P., Grebieszkow, J., Günther, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Henkel, T., Hill, L.A., Huang, I., Hümmler, H., Igo, G., Irmscher, D., Jacobs, P., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Lévai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Melkumov, G.L., Mock, A., Molnár, J., Nelson, J.M., Odyniec, G., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Piper, A., Porter, R.J., Poskanzer, A.M., Poziombka, S., Prindle, D.J., Pühlhofer, F., Rauch, W., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Röhrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rudolph, H., Rybicki, A., Sakrejda, I., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schäfer, E., Schmischke, D., Schmitz, N., Schönfelder, S., Seyboth, P., Seyerlein, J., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., Vassiliou, M., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wang, F., Weerasundara, D.D., Wenig, S., White, S., Whitten, C., Wienold, T., Wood, L., Yates, T.A., Zimanyi, J., Zhu, X.-Z., Zybert, R., and NA49 Collaboration

Published
1998
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40. The high-rate data challenge: computing for the CBM experiment

Author

CBM Collaboration, Friese, V., Bähr, Steffen, Balzer, Matthias, Becker, Jürgen, Blank, Thomas, Caselle, Michele, Sidorenko, Vladimir, Trifonova, Ekatarina, Unger, Kai Lukas, and Weber, Marc

Subjects
ddc:620, Engineering & allied operations
Abstract

The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment (CBM) is a next-generation heavy-ion experiment to be operated at the FAIR facility, currently under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. A key feature of CBM is very high interaction rate, exceeding those of contemporary nuclear collision experiments by several orders of magnitude. Such interaction rates forbid a conventional, hardware-triggered readout; instead, experiment data will be freely streaming from self-triggered front-end electronics. In order to reduce the huge raw data volume to a recordable rate, data will be selected exclusively on CPU, which necessitates partial event reconstruction in real-time. Consequently, the traditional segregation of online and offline software vanishes; an integrated on- and offline data processing concept is called for. In this paper, we will report on concepts and developments for computing for CBM as well as on the status of preparations for its first physics run.

Published
2017
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41. Finding the needle in the haystack: a charmonium trigger for the CBM experiment

Author

Ablyazimov, T., Friese, V., and Ivanov, V.

Subjects
ddc:530
Abstract

22nd International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics, CHEP2016, San Francisco, USA, 10 Oct 2016 - 14 Oct 2016; Journal of physics / Conference Series 898, 032043 (2017). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/898/3/032043, Charmonium is one of the most interesting, yet most challenging observables for the CBM experiment. CBM will try to measure charmonium in the di-muon decay channel in heavy-ion collisions close to or even below the kinematic threshold for elementary interactions. The expected signal yield is consequently extremely low - less than one in a million collisions. CBM as a high-rate experiment shall be able to cope with this, provided a suitable software trigger can be implemented for online data selection. Since the latter will be perperformed exclusively on CPU, the performance of the algorithm is crucial for the maximal allowed interaction rate – and thus the sensitivity – and/or for the size of the CBM online cluster FLES (First-Level Event Selector). In this report we discuss the CBM charmonium trigger, its implementation on the FLES, and its performance., Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

Published
2017
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43. Centrality dependence of directed and elliptic flow at the SPS

Author

Poskanzer, A.M., Voloshin, S.A., Bächler, J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blume, C., Blyth, C.O., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Brady, F.P., Brockmann, R., Brun, R., Bunčić, P., Carr, L., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Csató, P., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferenc, D., Fischer, H.G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Ftacnik, J., Gál, J., Ganz, R., Gaździcki, M., Gładysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Hlinka, V., Höhne, C., Igo, G., Ivanov, M., Jacobs, P., Janik, R., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Lévai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Mayes, B.W., Melkumov, G.L., Molnár, J., Nelson, J.M., Odyniec, G., Oldenburg, M.D., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Pinsky, L., Prindle, D.J., Pühlhofer, F., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Röhrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schäfer, E., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Snellings, R., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Strmen, P., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szarka, I., Szentpétery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G.I., Vesztergombi, G., Voloshin, S., Vranić, D., Wang, F., Weerasundara, D.D., Wenig, S., Whitten, C., Xu, N., Yates, T.A., Yoo, I.K., and Zimányi, J.

Published
1999
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44. Hadron production in nuclear collisions from the NA49 experiment at 158GeV/ c · A

Author

Siklér, F., Bächler, J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blume, C., Blyth, C.O., Boimska, B., Bracinik, J., Brady, F.P., Brun, R., Bunc̆ić, P., Carr, L., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Csató, P., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferenc, D., Fischer, H.G., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Ftacnik, J., Gál, J., Ganz, R., Gaździcki, M., Gładysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Hlinka, V., Höhne, C., Igo, G., Ivanov, M., Jacobs, P., Janik, R., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Lednicky, R., Lévai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Mayes, B.W., Melkumov, G.L., Molnár, J., Nelson, J.M., Odyniec, G., Oldenburg, M.D., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Pinsky, L., Poskanzer, A.M., Prindle, D.J., Pühlhofer, F., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Röhrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schäfer, E., Schmitz, N., Seyboth, P., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Snellings, R., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Strmen, P., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szarka, I., Szentpétery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G.I., Vesztergombi, G., Voloshin, S., Vranić, D., Wang, F., Weerasundara, D.D., Wenig, S., Whitten, C., Xu, N., Yates, T.A., Yoo, I.K., and Zimányi, J.

Published
1999
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45. Two-proton correlations from 158 A GeV Pb + Pb central collisions

Author

Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Bailey, S.J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blyth, C.O., Bock, R., Boimska, B., Bormann, C., Brady, F.P., Brockmann, R., Brun, R., Bunčić, P., Caines, H.L., Carr, L.D., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Cristinziani, M., Csato, P., Dunn, J., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferguson, M.I., Fischer, H.G., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Fuchs, M., Gabler, F., Gal, J., Ganz, R., Gaździcki, M., Geist, W., Gładysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Günther, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Henkel, T., Hill, L.A., Hümmler, H., Igo, G., Irmscher, D., Jacobs, P., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Lednicky, R., Lévai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Melkumov, G.L., Mock, A., Molnár, J., Nelson, J.M., Oldenburg, M., Odyniec, G., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Piper, A., Porter, R.J., Poskanzer, A.M., Prindle, D.J., Pühlhofer, F., Susa, T., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Röhrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rudolph, H., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schäfer, E., Schmischke, D., Schmitz, N., Schönfelder, S., Seyboth, P., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Snellings, R., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Struck, Chr., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G., Vesztergombi, G., Voloshin, S., Vranić, D., Wang, F., Weerasundara, D.D., Wenig, S., Whitten, C., Wood, L., Xu, N., Yates, T.A., Zimanyi, J., Zhu, X.-Z., and Zybert, R.

Published
1999
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46. Event-by-event fluctuations of average transverse momentum in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon

Author

Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Bailey, S.J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blyth, C.O., Bock, R., Boimska, B., Bormann, C., Brady, F.P., Brockmann, R., Brun, R., Bunčić, P., Caines, H.L., Carr, L.D., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Cristinziani, M., Csato, P., Dunn, J., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Ferguson, M.I., Fischer, H.G., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Fuchs, M., Gabler, F., Gal, J., Ganz, R., Gaździcki, M., Geist, W., Gładysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Günther, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Henkel, T., Hill, L.A., Hümmler, H., Igo, G., Irmscher, D., Jacobs, P., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Lévai, P., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Melkumov, G.L., Mock, A., Molnár, J., Nelson, J.M., Oldenburg, M., Odyniec, G., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Petridis, A., Piper, A., Porter, R.J., Poskanzer, A.M., Prindle, D.J., Pühlhofer, F., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Röhrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rudolph, H., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Semenov, A.Yu., Schäfer, E., Schmischke, D., Schmitz, N., Schönfelder, S., Seyboth, P., Seyerlein, J., Sikler, F., Skrzypczak, E., Snellings, R., Squier, G.T.A., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Struck, Chr., Susa, T., Szentpetery, I., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G., Vesztergombi, G., Voloshin, S., Vranić, D., Wang, F., Weerasundara, D.D., Wenig, S., Whitten, C., Wienold, T., Wood, L., Xu, N., Yates, T.A., Zimanyi, J., Zhu, X.-Z., and Zybert, R.

Published
1999
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47. The NA49 large acceptance hadron detector

Author

Afanasiev, S., Alber, T., Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Barna, D., Barnby, L.S., Bartke, J., Barton, R.A., Betev, L., Bialkowska, H., Bieser, F., Billmeier, A., Blyth, C.O., Bock, R., Bormann, C., Bracinik, J., Brady, F.P., Brockmann, R., Brun, R., Buncic, P., Caines, H.L., Cebra, D., Cooper, G.E., Cramer, J.G., Csato, P., Cyprian, M., Dunn, J., Eckardt, V., Eckhardt, F., Empl, T., Eschke, J., Ferguson, M.I., Fessler, H., Fischer, H.G., Flierl, D., Fodor, Z., Frankenfeld, U., Foka, P., Freund, P., Friese, V., Ftacnik, J., Fuchs, M., Gabler, F., Gal, J., Ganz, R., Gaździcki, M., Gładysz, E., Grebieszkow, J., Günther, J., Harris, J.W., Hegyi, S., Henkel, T., Hill, L.A., Hlinka, V., Huang, I., Hümmler, H., Igo, G., Irmscher, D., Ivanov, M., Janik, R., Jacobs, P., Jones, P.G., Kadija, K., Kolesnikov, V.I., Kowalski, M., Lasiuk, B., Lévai, P., Liebicher, K., Lynen, U., Malakhov, A.I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Marks, C., Mayes, B., Melkumov, G.L., Mock, A., Molnár, J., Nelson, J.M., Oldenburg, M., Odyniec, G., Palla, G., Panagiotou, A.D., Pestov, Y., Petridis, A., Pikna, M., Pimpl, W., Pinsky, L., Piper, A., Porter, R.J., Poskanzer, A.M., Poziombka, S., Prindle, D.J., Pühlhofer, F., Rauch, W., Reid, J.G., Renfordt, R., Retyk, W., Ritter, H.G., Röhrich, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rudolph, H., Rybicki, A., Sammer, T., Sandoval, A., Sann, H., Schäfer, E., Schmidt, R., Schmischke, D., Schmitz, N., Schönfelder, S., Semenov, A.Yu., Seyboth, J., Seyboth, P., Seyerlein, J., Sikler, F., Sitar, B., Skrzypczak, E., Squier, G.T.A., Stelzer, H., Stock, R., Strmen, P., Ströbele, H., Struck, C., Susa, T., Szarka, I., Szentpetery, I., Szymański, P., Sziklai, J., Toy, M., Trainor, T.A., Trentalange, S., Ullrich, T., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G., Vesztergombi, G., Vranic, D., Wang, F.Q., Weerasundara, D.D., Wenig, S., Whitten, C., Wieman, H., Wienold, T., Wood, L., Yates, T.A., Zimanyi, J., Zhu, X.-Z., and Zybert, R.

Published
1999
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48. Challenges in QCD matter physics - The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Author

Ablyazimov, T., Abuhoza, A., Adak, R. P., Adamczyk, M., Agarwal, K., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, N., Ahmad, S., Akindinov, A., Akishin, P., Akishina, E., Akishina, T., Akishina, V., Akram, A., Al-Turany, M., Alekseev, I., Alexandrov, E., Alexandrov, I., Amar-Youcef, S., Anđelić, M., Andreeva, O., Andrei, C., Andronic, A., Anisimov, Y., Appelshäuser, H., Argintaru, D., Atkin, E., Avdeev, S., Averbeck, R., Azmi, M. D., Baban, V., Bach, M., Badura, E., Bähr, S., Balog, T., Balzer, M., Bao, E., Baranova, N., Barczyk, T., Bartoş, D., Bashir, S., Baszczyk, M., Batenkov, O., Baublis, V., Baznat, M., Becker, J., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Belyakov, D., Bendarouach, J., Berceanu, I., Bercuci, A., Berdnikov, A., Berdnikov, Y., Berendes, R., Berezin, G., Bergmann, C., Bertini, D., Bertini, O., Beşliu, C., Bezshyyko, O., Bhaduri, P. P., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bhattacharjee, B., Bhattacharyya, A., Bhattacharyya, T. K., Biswas, S., Blank, T., Blau, D., Blinov, V., Blume, C., Bocharov, Y., Book, J., Breitner, T., Brüning, U., Brzychczyk, J., Bubak, A., Büsching, H., Bus, T., Butuzov, V., Bychkov, A., Byszuk, A., Cai, X., Cálin, M., Cao, P., Caragheorgheopol, G., Carević, I., Cătănescu, V., Chakrabarti, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaus, A., Chen, H., Chen, L., Chen, J., Chepurnov, V., Cherif, H., Chernogorov, A., Ciobanu, M. I., Claus, G., Constantin, F., Csanád, M., D'Ascenzo, N., Das, S., Cuveland, J., Debnath, B., Dementiev, D., Deng, W., Deng, C., Deppe, H., Deppner, I., Derenovskaya, O., Deveaux, C. A., Deveaux, M., Dey, K., Dey, M., Dillenseger, P., Dobyrn, V., Doering, D., Dong, S., Dorokhov, A., Dreschmann, M., Drozd, A., Dubey, A. K., Dubnichka, S., Dubnichkova, Z., Dürr, M., Dutka, L., Dželalija, M., Elsha, V. V., Emschermann, D., Engel, H., Eremin, V., Eşanu, T., Eschke, J., Eschweiler, D., Fan, H., Fan, X., Farooq, M., Fateev, O., Feng, S., Figuli, S. P. D., Filozova, I., Finogeev, D., Fischer, P., Flemming, H., Förtsch, J., Frankenfeld, U., Friese, V., Friske, E., Fröhlich, I., Frühauf, J., Gajda, J., Galatyuk, T., Gangopadhyay, G., García Chávez, C., Gebelein, J., Ghosh, P., Ghosh, S. K., Gläßel, S., Goffe, M., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golovatyuk, V., Golovnya, S., Golovtsov, V., Golubeva, M., Golubkov, D., Gómez Ramírez, A., Gorbunov, S., Gorokhov, S., Gottschalk, D., Gryboś, P., Grzeszczuk, A., Guber, F., Gudima, K., Gumiński, M., Gupta, A., Gusakov, Y., Han, D., Hartmann, H., He, S., Hehner, J., Heine, N., Herghelegiu, A., Herrmann, N., Heß, B., Heuser, J. M., Himmi, A., Höhne, C., Holzmann, R., Hu, D., Huang, G., Huang, X., Hutter, D., Ierusalimov, A., Ilgenfritz, E.-M., Irfan, M., Ivanischev, D., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, P., Ivanov, V., Ivashkin, A., Jaaskelainen, K., Jahan, H., Jain, V., Jakovlev, V., Janson, T., Jiang, D., Jipa, A., Kadenko, I., Kähler, P., Kämpfer, B., Kalinin, V., Kallunkathariyil, J., Kampert, K.-H., Kaptur, E., Karabowicz, R., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karmanov, D., Karnaukhov, V., Karpechev, E., Kasiński, K., Kasprowicz, G., Kaur, M., Kazantsev, A., Kebschull, U., Kekelidze, G., Khan, M. M., Khan, S. A., Khanzadeev, A., Khasanov, F., Khvorostukhin, A., Kirakosyan, V., Kirejczyk, M., Kiryakov, A., Kiš, M., Kisel, I., Kisel, P., Kiselev, S., Kiss, T., Klaus, P., Kłeczek, R., Klein-Bösing, C., Kleipa, V., Klochkov, V., Kmon, P., Koch, K., Kochenda, L., Koczoń, P., Koenig, W., Kohn, M., Kolb, B. W., Kolosova, A., Komkov, B., Korolev, M., Korolko, I., Kotte, R., Kovalchuk, A., Kowalski, S., Koziel, M., Kozlov, G., Kozlov, V., Kramarenko, V., Kravtsov, P., Krebs, E., Kreidl, C., Kres, I., Kresan, D., Kretschmar, G., Krieger, M., Kryanev, A. V., Kryshen, E., Kuc, M., Kucewicz, W., Kucher, V., Kudin, L., Kugler, A., Kumar, A., Kumar, L., Kunkel, J., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, N., Kurilkin, A., Kurilkin, P., Kushpil, V., Kuznetsov, S., Kyva, V., Ladygin, V., Lara, C., Larionov, P., Laso García, A., Lavrik, E., Lazanu, I., Lebedev, A., Lebedev, S., Lebedeva, E., Lehnert, J., Lehrbach, J., Leifels, Y., Lemke, F., Li, C., Li, Q., Li, X., Li, Y., Lindenstruth, V., Linnik, B., Liu, F., Lobanov, I., Lobanova, E., Löchner, S., Loizeau, P.-A., Lone, S. A., Lucio Martínez, J. A., Luo, X., Lymanets, A., Lyu, P., Maevskaya, A., Mahajan, S., Mahapatra, D. P., Mahmoud, T., Maj, P., Majka, Z., Malakhov, A., Malankin, E., Malkevich, D., Malyatina, O., Malygina, H., Mandal, M. M., Mandal, S., Manko, V., Manz, S., Marin Garcia, A. M., Markert, J., Masciocchi, S., Matulewicz, T., Meder, L., Merkin, M., Mialkovski, V., Michel, J., Miftakhov, N., Mik, L., Mikhailov, K., Mikhaylov, V., Milanović, B., Militsija, V., Miskowiec, D., Momot, I., Morhardt, T., Morozov, S., Müller, W. F. J., Müntz, C., Mukherjee, S., Muńoz Castillo, C. E., Murin, Y., Najman, R., Nandi, C., Nandy, E., Naumann, L., Nayak, T., Nedosekin, A., Negi, V. S., Niebur, W., Nikulin, V., Normanov, D., Oancea, A., Oh, K., Onishchuk, Y., Ososkov, G., Otfinowski, P., Ovcharenko, E., Pal, S., Panasenko, I., Panda, N. R., Parzhitskiy, S., Patel, V., Pauly, C., Penschuck, M., Peshekhonov, D., Peshekhonov, V., Petráček, V., Petri, M., Petriş, M., Petrovici, A., Petrovici, M., Petrovskiy, A., Petukhov, O., Pfeifer, D., Piasecki, K., Pieper, J., Pietraszko, J., Płaneta, R., Plotnikov, V., Plujko, V., Pluta, J., Pop, A., Pospisil, V., Poźniak, K., Prakash, A., Prasad, S. K., Prokudin, M., Pshenichnov, I., Pugach, M., Pugatch, V., Querchfeld, S., Rabtsun, S., Radulescu, L., Raha, S., Rami, F., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Raportirenko, A., Rautenberg, J., Rauza, J., Ray, R., Razin, S., Reichelt, P., Reinecke, S., Reinefeld, A., Reshetin, A., Ristea, C., Ristea, O., Rodriguez Rodriguez, A., Roether, F., Romaniuk, R., Rost, A., Rostchin, E., Rostovtseva, I., Roy, A., Rożynek, J., Ryabov, Y., Sadovsky, A., Sahoo, R., Sahu, P. K., Sahu, S. K., Saini, J., Samanta, S., Sambyal, S. S., Samsonov, V., Sánchez Rosado, J., Sander, O., Sarangi, S., Satława, T., Sau, S., Saveliev, V., Schatral, S., Schiaua, C., Schintke, F., Schmidt, C. J., Schmidt, H. R., Schmidt, K., Scholten, J., Schweda, K., Seck, F., Seddiki, S., Selyuzhenkov, I., Semennikov, A., Senger, A., Senger, P., Shabanov, A., Shabunov, A., Shao, M., Sheremetiev, A. D., Shi, S., Shumeiko, N., Shumikhin, V., Sibiryak, I., Sikora, B., Simakov, A., Simon, C., Simons, C., Singaraju, R. N., Singh, A. K., Singh, B. K., Singh, C. P., Singhal, V., Singla, M., Sitzmann, P., Siwek-Wilczyńska, K., Skwira-Chalot, I., Som, I., Song, G., Song, J., Sosin, Z., Soyk, D., Staszel, P., Strikhanov, M., Strohauer, S., Stroth, J., Sturm, C., Sultanov, R., Sun, Y., Svirida, D., Svoboda, O., Szabó, A., Szczygieł, R., Talukdar, R., Tang, Z., Tanha, M., Tarasiuk, J., Tarassenkova, O., Târzilă, M.-G., Teklishyn, M., Tischler, T., Tlustý, P., Tölyhi, T., Toia, A., Topil'Skaya, N., Träger, M., Tripathy, S., Tsakov, I., Tsyupa, Y., Turowiecki, A., Tuturas, N. G., Uhlig, F., Usenko, E., Valin, I., Varga, D., Vassiliev, I., Vasylyev, O., Verbitskaya, E., Verhoeven, W., Veshikov, A., Visinka, R., Viyogi, Y. P., Volkov, S., Volochniuk, A., Vorobiev, A., Voronin, A., Vovchenko, V., Vznuzdaev, M., Wang, D., Wang, X.-W., Wang, Y., Weber, M., Wendisch, C., Wessels, J. P., Wiebusch, M., Wiechula, J., Wielanek, D., Wieloch, A., Wilms, A., Winckler, N., Winter, M., Wiśniewski, K., Wolf, G., Won, S., Wu, K.-J., Wüstenfeld, J., Xiang, C., Xu, N., Yang, J., Yang, R., Yin, Z., Yoo, I.-K., Yuldashev, B., Yushmanov, I., Zabołotny, W., Zaitsev, Y., Zamiatin, N. I., Zanevsky, Y., Zhalov, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, L., Zheng, J., Zheng, S., Zhou, D., Zhou, J., Zhu, X., Zinchenko, A., Zipper, W., Zrelov, M., Zryuev, V., Zumbruch, P., Zyzak, M., Ablyazimov, T., Abuhoza, A., Adak, R. P., Adamczyk, M., Agarwal, K., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, N., Ahmad, S., Akindinov, A., Akishin, P., Akishina, E., Akishina, T., Akishina, V., Akram, A., Al-Turany, M., Alekseev, I., Alexandrov, E., Alexandrov, I., Amar-Youcef, S., Anđelić, M., Andreeva, O., Andrei, C., Andronic, A., Anisimov, Y., Appelshäuser, H., Argintaru, D., Atkin, E., Avdeev, S., Averbeck, R., Azmi, M. D., Baban, V., Bach, M., Badura, E., Bähr, S., Balog, T., Balzer, M., Bao, E., Baranova, N., Barczyk, T., Bartoş, D., Bashir, S., Baszczyk, M., Batenkov, O., Baublis, V., Baznat, M., Becker, J., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Belyakov, D., Bendarouach, J., Berceanu, I., Bercuci, A., Berdnikov, A., Berdnikov, Y., Berendes, R., Berezin, G., Bergmann, C., Bertini, D., Bertini, O., Beşliu, C., Bezshyyko, O., Bhaduri, P. P., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bhattacharjee, B., Bhattacharyya, A., Bhattacharyya, T. K., Biswas, S., Blank, T., Blau, D., Blinov, V., Blume, C., Bocharov, Y., Book, J., Breitner, T., Brüning, U., Brzychczyk, J., Bubak, A., Büsching, H., Bus, T., Butuzov, V., Bychkov, A., Byszuk, A., Cai, X., Cálin, M., Cao, P., Caragheorgheopol, G., Carević, I., Cătănescu, V., Chakrabarti, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaus, A., Chen, H., Chen, L., Chen, J., Chepurnov, V., Cherif, H., Chernogorov, A., Ciobanu, M. I., Claus, G., Constantin, F., Csanád, M., D'Ascenzo, N., Das, S., Cuveland, J., Debnath, B., Dementiev, D., Deng, W., Deng, C., Deppe, H., Deppner, I., Derenovskaya, O., Deveaux, C. A., Deveaux, M., Dey, K., Dey, M., Dillenseger, P., Dobyrn, V., Doering, D., Dong, S., Dorokhov, A., Dreschmann, M., Drozd, A., Dubey, A. K., Dubnichka, S., Dubnichkova, Z., Dürr, M., Dutka, L., Dželalija, M., Elsha, V. V., Emschermann, D., Engel, H., Eremin, V., Eşanu, T., Eschke, J., Eschweiler, D., Fan, H., Fan, X., Farooq, M., Fateev, O., Feng, S., Figuli, S. P. D., Filozova, I., Finogeev, D., Fischer, P., Flemming, H., Förtsch, J., Frankenfeld, U., Friese, V., Friske, E., Fröhlich, I., Frühauf, J., Gajda, J., Galatyuk, T., Gangopadhyay, G., García Chávez, C., Gebelein, J., Ghosh, P., Ghosh, S. K., Gläßel, S., Goffe, M., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golovatyuk, V., Golovnya, S., Golovtsov, V., Golubeva, M., Golubkov, D., Gómez Ramírez, A., Gorbunov, S., Gorokhov, S., Gottschalk, D., Gryboś, P., Grzeszczuk, A., Guber, F., Gudima, K., Gumiński, M., Gupta, A., Gusakov, Y., Han, D., Hartmann, H., He, S., Hehner, J., Heine, N., Herghelegiu, A., Herrmann, N., Heß, B., Heuser, J. M., Himmi, A., Höhne, C., Holzmann, R., Hu, D., Huang, G., Huang, X., Hutter, D., Ierusalimov, A., Ilgenfritz, E.-M., Irfan, M., Ivanischev, D., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, P., Ivanov, V., Ivashkin, A., Jaaskelainen, K., Jahan, H., Jain, V., Jakovlev, V., Janson, T., Jiang, D., Jipa, A., Kadenko, I., Kähler, P., Kämpfer, B., Kalinin, V., Kallunkathariyil, J., Kampert, K.-H., Kaptur, E., Karabowicz, R., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karmanov, D., Karnaukhov, V., Karpechev, E., Kasiński, K., Kasprowicz, G., Kaur, M., Kazantsev, A., Kebschull, U., Kekelidze, G., Khan, M. M., Khan, S. A., Khanzadeev, A., Khasanov, F., Khvorostukhin, A., Kirakosyan, V., Kirejczyk, M., Kiryakov, A., Kiš, M., Kisel, I., Kisel, P., Kiselev, S., Kiss, T., Klaus, P., Kłeczek, R., Klein-Bösing, C., Kleipa, V., Klochkov, V., Kmon, P., Koch, K., Kochenda, L., Koczoń, P., Koenig, W., Kohn, M., Kolb, B. W., Kolosova, A., Komkov, B., Korolev, M., Korolko, I., Kotte, R., Kovalchuk, A., Kowalski, S., Koziel, M., Kozlov, G., Kozlov, V., Kramarenko, V., Kravtsov, P., Krebs, E., Kreidl, C., Kres, I., Kresan, D., Kretschmar, G., Krieger, M., Kryanev, A. V., Kryshen, E., Kuc, M., Kucewicz, W., Kucher, V., Kudin, L., Kugler, A., Kumar, A., Kumar, L., Kunkel, J., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, N., Kurilkin, A., Kurilkin, P., Kushpil, V., Kuznetsov, S., Kyva, V., Ladygin, V., Lara, C., Larionov, P., Laso García, A., Lavrik, E., Lazanu, I., Lebedev, A., Lebedev, S., Lebedeva, E., Lehnert, J., Lehrbach, J., Leifels, Y., Lemke, F., Li, C., Li, Q., Li, X., Li, Y., Lindenstruth, V., Linnik, B., Liu, F., Lobanov, I., Lobanova, E., Löchner, S., Loizeau, P.-A., Lone, S. A., Lucio Martínez, J. A., Luo, X., Lymanets, A., Lyu, P., Maevskaya, A., Mahajan, S., Mahapatra, D. P., Mahmoud, T., Maj, P., Majka, Z., Malakhov, A., Malankin, E., Malkevich, D., Malyatina, O., Malygina, H., Mandal, M. M., Mandal, S., Manko, V., Manz, S., Marin Garcia, A. M., Markert, J., Masciocchi, S., Matulewicz, T., Meder, L., Merkin, M., Mialkovski, V., Michel, J., Miftakhov, N., Mik, L., Mikhailov, K., Mikhaylov, V., Milanović, B., Militsija, V., Miskowiec, D., Momot, I., Morhardt, T., Morozov, S., Müller, W. F. J., Müntz, C., Mukherjee, S., Muńoz Castillo, C. E., Murin, Y., Najman, R., Nandi, C., Nandy, E., Naumann, L., Nayak, T., Nedosekin, A., Negi, V. S., Niebur, W., Nikulin, V., Normanov, D., Oancea, A., Oh, K., Onishchuk, Y., Ososkov, G., Otfinowski, P., Ovcharenko, E., Pal, S., Panasenko, I., Panda, N. R., Parzhitskiy, S., Patel, V., Pauly, C., Penschuck, M., Peshekhonov, D., Peshekhonov, V., Petráček, V., Petri, M., Petriş, M., Petrovici, A., Petrovici, M., Petrovskiy, A., Petukhov, O., Pfeifer, D., Piasecki, K., Pieper, J., Pietraszko, J., Płaneta, R., Plotnikov, V., Plujko, V., Pluta, J., Pop, A., Pospisil, V., Poźniak, K., Prakash, A., Prasad, S. K., Prokudin, M., Pshenichnov, I., Pugach, M., Pugatch, V., Querchfeld, S., Rabtsun, S., Radulescu, L., Raha, S., Rami, F., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Raportirenko, A., Rautenberg, J., Rauza, J., Ray, R., Razin, S., Reichelt, P., Reinecke, S., Reinefeld, A., Reshetin, A., Ristea, C., Ristea, O., Rodriguez Rodriguez, A., Roether, F., Romaniuk, R., Rost, A., Rostchin, E., Rostovtseva, I., Roy, A., Rożynek, J., Ryabov, Y., Sadovsky, A., Sahoo, R., Sahu, P. K., Sahu, S. K., Saini, J., Samanta, S., Sambyal, S. S., Samsonov, V., Sánchez Rosado, J., Sander, O., Sarangi, S., Satława, T., Sau, S., Saveliev, V., Schatral, S., Schiaua, C., Schintke, F., Schmidt, C. J., Schmidt, H. R., Schmidt, K., Scholten, J., Schweda, K., Seck, F., Seddiki, S., Selyuzhenkov, I., Semennikov, A., Senger, A., Senger, P., Shabanov, A., Shabunov, A., Shao, M., Sheremetiev, A. D., Shi, S., Shumeiko, N., Shumikhin, V., Sibiryak, I., Sikora, B., Simakov, A., Simon, C., Simons, C., Singaraju, R. N., Singh, A. 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P., Wiebusch, M., Wiechula, J., Wielanek, D., Wieloch, A., Wilms, A., Winckler, N., Winter, M., Wiśniewski, K., Wolf, G., Won, S., Wu, K.-J., Wüstenfeld, J., Xiang, C., Xu, N., Yang, J., Yang, R., Yin, Z., Yoo, I.-K., Yuldashev, B., Yushmanov, I., Zabołotny, W., Zaitsev, Y., Zamiatin, N. I., Zanevsky, Y., Zhalov, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, L., Zheng, J., Zheng, S., Zhou, D., Zhou, J., Zhu, X., Zinchenko, A., Zipper, W., Zrelov, M., Zryuev, V., Zumbruch, P., and Zyzak, M.

Abstract

Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 (sqrt(s_NN) = 2.7 - 4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (mu_B > 500 MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation-of-state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2022, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.

Published
2017

49. Production of deuterium, tritium, and He 3 in central Pb + Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A, and 158A GeV at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Author

Anticic, T. Baatar, B. Bartke, J. Beck, H. Betev, L. Białkowska, H. Blume, C. Boimska, B. Book, J. Botje, M. Bunčić, P. Christakoglou, P. Chung, P. Chvala, O. Cramer, J.G. Eckardt, V. Fodor, Z. Foka, P. Friese, V. Gaździcki, M. Grebieszkow, K. Höhne, C. Kadija, K. Karev, A. Kolesnikov, V.I. Kowalski, M. Kresan, D. Laszlo, A. Lacey, R. Van Leeuwen, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M. Makariev, M. Malakhov, A.I. Melkumov, G.L. Mitrovski, M. Mrówczyński, S. Pálla, G. Panagiotou, A.D. Prindle, D. Pühlhofer, F. Renfordt, R. Roland, C. Roland, G. Rustamov, A. Rybczyński, M. Rybicki, A. Sandoval, A. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. Seyboth, P. Siklér, F. Skrzypczak, E. Slodkowski, M. Stefanek, G. Stock, R. Ströbele, H. Susa, T. Szuba, M. Varga, D. Vassiliou, M. Veres, G.I. Vesztergombi, G. Vranić, D. Włodarczyk, Z. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A. NA49 Collaboration

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Production of d,t, and He3 nuclei in central Pb+Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies (sNN=6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. The coalescence parameters B2 and B3, as well as coalescence radii for d and He3 were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies. © 2016 CERN.

Published
2016

50. Production of deuterium, tritium, and He-3 in central Pb plus Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A, and 158A GeV at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Author

Antičić, Tome, Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Christakoglou, P., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J. G., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., Lacey, R., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Šuša, Tatjana, Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., and Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, heavy-ion collisions, relativistic nuclear collisions, lead-lead collisions, hadron-production, freeze-out, matter, equation, state, model
Abstract

Production of d, t, and He-3 nuclei in central Pb + Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies (root s(NN) = 6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. The coalescence parameters B-2 and B-3, as well as coalescence radii for d and He-3 were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies.

Published
2016

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